Academic literature on the topic 'Responsibility to Protect'

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Journal articles on the topic "Responsibility to Protect"

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Holmes, John. "Responsibility to Protect." Global Responsibility to Protect 6, no. 2 (June 12, 2014): 126–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1875984x-00602003.

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Where does the humanitarian community sit in relation to continuing debates about the Responsibility to Protect (R2P)? The third pillar of R2P is often seen as the practical manifestation of an older idea of humanitarian intervention, given much attention after the Rwandan genocide and Srebrenica. Many humanitarians have long been reticent about the idea of so-called humanitarian intervention and, thus, of R2P. This article examines the logic behind this reticence and explores the practical relationship between R2P and humanitarian action. In particular, it focuses on three major crises during Holmes’s time as Emergency Relief Coordination – Darfur, Sri Lanka and Myanmar – and goes on to consider briefly how and why R2P has been invoked, or not, in the more recent crises of Libya and Syria. It concludes with reflections about the implications for the future.
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Chesterman, Simon. "Responsibility to Protect, Responsibility to Whom?" International Studies Review 17, no. 4 (December 2015): 699–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/misr.12259.

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Šimonović, Ivan. "The responsibility to protect." UN Chronicle 53, no. 4 (February 27, 2017): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/b27e76ec-en.

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Doyle, Colonel Colm. "A Responsibility to Protect." Irish Studies in International Affairs 20, no. 1 (2009): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/isia.2009.0011.

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Ashford, Mary-Wynne. "The Responsibility to Protect." Medicine, Conflict and Survival 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/714004281.

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Welsh, Jennifer, Carolin Thielking, and S. Neil Macfarlane. "The Responsibility to Protect." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 57, no. 4 (December 2002): 489–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070200205700401.

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Eckhard, Frederic. "Whose Responsibility to Protect?" Global Responsibility to Protect 3, no. 1 (2011): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187598411x549495.

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AbstractThe 2009 challenge in the United Nations General Assembly to the Responsibility to Protect was a warning call. This landmark piece of human rights legislation makes a lot of governments nervous; some of them would want to wipe R2P off the books. It might be worthwhile therefore to review how it came about and ask what its importance is to you. R2P had many “fathers”, but one important one was UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan. Seared by the UN experience in Bosnia, the genocide in Rwanda and the persecution of the Kosovars by Serbian leader Slobodan Milosevic, Annan asked the International Peace Academy to look into the basis in international law for humanitarian intervention. They couldn't find one. Canadian Foreign Minister Lloyd Axworthy then stepped in and set up a commission that did in a report called e Responsibility to Protect. Annan carefully laid the groundwork for international acceptance of the principle. He created a high-level panel to study security threats in the 21 st century and named former Australian Foreign Minister Gareth Evans to it. Evans co-chaired the Canadian panel. Annan's panel endorsed R2P. With that crucial backing, he put R2P to the General Assembly, which, against all odds, voted in favor of it in 2005, making R2P international law. Humanitarian intervention is in fact a threat to national sovereignty. But so are most international treaties. Governments trade on their sovereignty when it is in their interest to do so. On R2P they did so again. Why should it matter to you? Just remember the Holocaust.
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Doyle (retd), Colonel Colm. "A Responsibility to Protect." Irish Studies in International Affairs 20, no. -1 (January 1, 2009): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3318/isia.2009.20.21.

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Evans, Gareth, and Mohamed Sahnoun. "The Responsibility to Protect." Foreign Affairs 81, no. 6 (2002): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20033347.

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Deutscher, Matt. "The Responsibility to Protect." Medicine, Conflict and Survival 21, no. 1 (January 2005): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1362369042000315041.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Responsibility to Protect"

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Hooper, R. S. "The responsibility to implement 'The Responsibility to Protect'." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604216.

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The Responsibility to Protect offers a morally based policy that places a new responsibility on the international community to protect populations from extremes of harm caused by governments. From the policy’s text, the reason for action seems to lie, most fundamentally, in an expression of ‘our common humanity’. However, The Responsibility to Protect does not offer any justification for its proposals. It responds to the question ‘what ought to be done?’ but answers the question ‘what can be done?’ leaving in between a gap in the moral credibility of action. The thesis explores what this lack of philosophical underpinning means to the persuasive power of the policy. The thesis then examines the claim of sovereignty as responsibility and finds it confused and incomplete and lacking the detail necessary for coherent implementation. It uses the Aristotelian square of opposition to investigate the tripartite nature of the new responsibilities to prevent and rebuild. Finally, the thesis investigates the policy’s apparent assumption that an ethically based policy of humanitarian intervention can be appropriately guided by the ethical rules of war. It asks if war and humanitarian intervention are the same thing and finds that they are not. It then explores the incoherence created by using the Just War Tradition for guide R2P. If The Responsibility to Protect offers no greater generation of will and effective action to humanitarian intervention than the current ad hoc process does, its establishment as UN policy becomes a pyrrhic victory. It will result in further anomalies in response by the UN, and consequent damage to the reputation and credibility of the UN as the guardian of international peace and security.
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Pollentine, Marc. "Constructing the responsibility to protect." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/43100/.

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Debate about how populations can be protected from mass atrocities is well-established in international affairs. Beset with a raft of ethical, legal, political and normative questions, the rapid development of the ‘responsibility to protect’ has been held up as evidence of emerging, and even settled, consensus in this area. Indeed, from the perspective of well-established models of norm construction, notably the “Norm Life Cycle”, R2P’s institutionalization in the 2005 World Summit Outcome may signify momentum towards full acceptance. However, based upon a detailed tracing of R2P’s path into the Summit Outcome, this thesis questions how R2P is increasingly characterized as well as the theoretical explanatory frames used by scholars to describe the development and impact of international norms. It challenges the twin problems of linearity and norm exogenization which distort our understanding, and which are evident in overly optimistic portrayals of R2P’s development. With these in mind, the thesis adopts a framework constituted by a constructivist-inspired hypothesis and a process-tracing methodology defined by elite-level interviews and extensive documentary analysis. It shows how tracing the micro-processes of R2P’s development generates a very different story to those derived from broader theoretical frames. Indeed, the empirical findings show how and why the agreement was possible, and – through an analysis of the complex political negotiations – in what form R2P was collectively defined. This leads to the introduction of the concept of the ‘structured outcome’ to describe how R2P was propelled towards agreement more by a series of factors relating to the design and effect of the negotiation process than by the progressive acceptance of states. Accordingly, R2P’s formulation was purposefully limited to navigate pronounced dividing-lines and as a political agreement was more cosmetic than transformational. Resultantly its normative foundations were far shallower and far less significant than oft-rendered in mainstream perception.
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Casula, Daniela. "Humanitarian Intervention and Responsibility to Protect." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/200716.

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The evolution of the idea of the Responsibility to Protect from its introduction in the ICISS Report in 2001 to the Secretary General’s Report on Implementing the Responsibility to Protect, issued in 2009. A reconsideration of the traditional concept of sovereignty in the light of the principle of the Responsibility to Protect. The institutionalization of the Responsibility to Protect principle within the context of the United Nations' Institutional Reform. The increasingly significant role of regional organizations: pro and cons of regionalism. A comparison between two concrete and contemporary cases: the implementation of the Responsibility to Protect in the Darfur region of the Sudan and in Kosovo.
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Hayes, Kelli A. "Logical extensions of the responsibility to protect." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2197.

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Thesis (MPhil (Philosophy))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Are violent and non-violent mass atrocities morally different? According to the United Nations, they are. But why? The answer to this question is important as it in part determines our obligations to people living in other countries. This thesis seeks to determine if violent and non-violent mass atrocities are morally different and, if not, whether the latter should be included under the United Nations’ doctrine of the responsibility to protect. In order to do this, the thesis first examines the conditions under which sovereignty exists in order to understand when intervention can occur. It also analyzes just war theory to discern when military intervention to halt nonviolent mass atrocities is justified. Having established these two concepts, the thesis then presents three arguments for why non-violent mass atrocities are morally indistinguishable from violent ones and should also be included under the doctrine of the responsibility to protect. A discussion of the feasibility of implementing this extension and the long-term effects of these types of interventions follows. Finally, the thesis contains three case studies in order to apply the arguments presented earlier.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Is daar ‘n morele verskil tussen gewelddadige en nie-gewelddadige gruweldade? Volgens die Verenigde Nasies is daar so ‘n verskil, maar hoekom? Die antwoord tot hierdie vraag is deels belangrik omdat dit ons verantwoordelikhede tot mense in ander lande bepaal. In hierdie tesis word daar gepoog om te bepaal of daar so ‘n verskil tussen gewelddadige en nie-gewelddadige gruweldade is, en, indien nie, of nie-gewelddadige gruweldade ook moet tel onder die Verenige Nasies se verantwoordelikheid om te beskerm. Die tesis poog eerstens om die kondisies vir soewereiniteit te bepaal ten einde te probeer verstaan wanneer ‘n intervensie moreel regverdigbaar is. Dit analiseer ook die teorie van geregverdigde oorlogvoering ten einde te bepaal wanneer militêre inmenging om nie-gewelddadige gruweldade stop te sit geregverdig is. Na hierdie twee konsepte ondersoek is word daar drie argumente verskaf om aan te toon dat nie-gewelddadige gruweldade nie moreel onderskeibaar is van gewelddadige gruweldade nie, en dus dat nie-gewelddadige gruweldade onder die verantwoordelikheid om te beskerm behoort te tel. Dit word gevolg deur ‘n bespreking van die praktiese haalbaarheid van die implementering van so ‘n uitbreiding van die verantwoordelikheid om te beskerm, asook ‘n bespreking van die langtermyn effekte van hierdie tipes intervensies. Die tesis eindig met drie gevallestudies ten einde die argumente wat reeds gemaak is toe te pas.
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Mazzanti, Maria Rita. "From State sovereignty to responsibility to protect." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. https://spire.sciencespo.fr/notice/2441/45eb019724sn6sg9mcu4j489l.

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Notre étude a pour objet l’analyse des développements politiques et juridiques relatifs au concept de “Responsabilité de protéger“ (R2P). Notre recherche est conduite selon deux parcours parallèles : l’un traite de l’évolution du concept de souveraineté et de l’importance grandissante du rôle qu’assume la communauté internationale dans les affaires internes d’un Etat ; l’autre est consacré à la notion d’intervention à des fins humanitaires et des leçons qui découlent des expériences des années ‘90. Notre point de départ était que ce que la Responsabilité de protéger est ou n’est pas aujourd'hui, doit être compris à la lumière de cette évolution. Ayant délimité notre espace de recherche et identifié quels sont les éléments essentiels de la Responsabilité de protéger, nous avons evalué si, et de quelle manière la Responsabilité de protéger - après dix années d’existence - a été capable d’influencer la conduite de la communauté internationale, et, en particulier, du Conseil de Sécurité des Nations Unies. C’est pourquoi nous avons choisi d’étudier quatre cas – Libye, Côte d’Ivoire et Sri Lanka et Syrie – où la Responsabilité de protéger a été invoquée ou aurait dû l’être, pour déterminer les règles applicables à l’avenir. Nous avons adopté pour hypothèse de recherche que la Responsabilité de protéger est influencée par cinq variables indépendantes, à savoir, , la dynamique des discussions au sein du Conseil de Sécurité, la perspective d’un succès raisonnable fondée sur l’analyse coûts/bénéfices; le rôle des organisations régionales/subrégionales concernées; les activités du Conseil des droits de l´homme et l´action de la société civile
The research was aimed at understanding by means of which developments in the political and legal thinking the R2P finally reached its present shape. To this end, we analyzed on one side the evolution of the concept of absolute sovereignty and the shift towards an increased involvement of the international community in the internal affairs of the individual states, and, on the other side, the modifications incurred in the concept of intervention for humanitarian purposes and the lessons learned out of the experiences of the 1990s. We have argued that what R2P is, or is not, should be understood in the light of this long development. Having then established what now R2P is about we wanted to measure to which extent R2P was able, in the ten years of its existence, to influence the behavior of the international community, and in particular of the United Nations Security Council. Hence, we selected four cases – Libya, Côte d’Ivoire Sri Lanka and Syria – where R2P was invoked or should have been invoked, with the aim of finding regularities useful for guiding future action. Our research hypothesis was that R2P is influenced by five main independent variables, namely: the dynamic within the Security Council (active involvement of some specific countries/country representatives); reasonable perspective of success/attractive cost-benefit profile; the role of the relevant regional/sub-regional organizations; the activity of the Human Rights Council; and the action of civil society
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Roberts, Adam. "The Yazidi and the Responsibility to Protect." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20521.

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This thesis analyzes the international community’s response to the persecution of the Yazidi people by the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria and what implications this response has for the Responsibility to Protect doctrine. To answer this question, I chart and assess the major historical events that contributed to the emergence of the Responsibility to Protect, define the current legal status of the Responsibility to Protect, compare related sources of public international law, and investigate the relationship between the responsibility to protect doctrine and the Yazidi people through a case study of the persecution of the Yazidi people at the hands of the extremist organization known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). I found the international community’s response to the Yazidi crisis to be both inadequate and harmful to the Yazidi. Additionally, the international community’s response reinforced the unfavorable precedent set during the Libyan Intervention in 2011.
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Gottwald, Marlene. "Europe's responsibility to protect : from Kosovo to Syria." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16229.

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With lessons learned from the 1999 Kosovo intervention as a point of departure, this thesis addresses the question of whether the development of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) doctrine and the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) actually made a difference in determining whether and how Europe responded to subsequent mass atrocities in its neighbourhood. Viewing the RtoP as an emerging international norm, a social constructivist framework is applied to explore the influence of norms on European foreign policy-making. It is argued that even an emerging international norm can be influential if it is considered a legitimate behavioural claim. The influence of the RtoP will be assessed by gauging the extent to which it is distinctively used to justify foreign policy decisions and to communicate the basis for those choices to a wider audience. The development of the RtoP and the CSDP from 1999-2011 in theory and practice paves the way for an in-depth case study analysis. Focusing on the UN, the EU as well as French, German and British discourses, the question of whether the RtoP has actually made a difference will be answered by scrutinizing European responses to the Libyan crisis (March – October 2011) and the Syrian crisis (March 2011 – September 2013). Ultimately, light is shed not only on the relevance of the RtoP for Europe but also on the role of the EU as a security actor in its neighbourhood.
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Nasir, Amina. "The Responsibility to Protect Applied to Internally Displaced Persons." Thesis, University of Kent, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520859.

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Parajuly, Krishna Prasad. "Responsibility to Protect (R2P) : The Reconceptualization of Humanitarian Intervention." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Statsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-111929.

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I have analyzed humanitarian intervention within the framework of Responsibility to Protect (R2P), particularly in relation to the three statements of my thesis. First, the conceptual aspect of humanitarian is discussed in regards to the definition of sovereignty fostered by the norm, and limitations and constraints on the practice. Secondly, inadequacy of the Chapter VII of the UN Charter to understand the nature and dynamics of conflicts today is dealt and whether the gap is looked up to. Third, the partnership with regional organizations and agencies as imagined by the norm is discussed as to find out whether this approach takes real politics in its consideration about conflict solution. Underneath this split analysis lies the single purpose of understanding humanitarian intervention under the light of Responsibility to Protect (R2P).
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Henderson-Howat, Fenella. "Displaced persons in South Sudan - whose responsibility to protect?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23755.

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There have been severe shortcomings in the protection of internally displaced persons (IDPs), and gaps in research with academic and legal focus remaining on refugees instead. These gaps are revealed and correspondingly explored in this thesis through a case study analysis of South Sudan. The main objective of this thesis is to expose the overall protection discrepancies facing IDPs, and the need to re-address international responsibility to protect in cases where national authorities are unable or unwilling to do so. The lack of a clear definition, legal status and institutional framework at an international level is shown to have an adverse impact on protection. The case study of South Sudan is introduced through an overall analysis of key events and displacement trends. Evidence in support of the main argument is presented through an analysis of the injustices and human rights violations facing IDPs in South Sudan. The roles of the two major providers of protection in South Sudan - the national authorities and the international community - are evaluated to ultimately show how a more flexible approach must be adopted by the international community in such cases. Overall, this thesis seeks to bring the displaced in South Sudan to the forefront of the debate about who is responsible for their protection.
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Books on the topic "Responsibility to Protect"

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Cooper, Richard H., and Juliette Voïnov Kohler, eds. Responsibility to Protect. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618404.

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Hehir, Aidan. The Responsibility to Protect. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-00094-1.

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Eziakonwa, Ahunna, and Elizabeth Myburgh. Africa's responsibility to protect. Cape Town: Centre for Conflict Resolution, 2007.

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Jacob, Cecilia, and Martin Mennecke, eds. Implementing the Responsibility to Protect. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Global politics and the responsibility to protect: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429293795.

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Thakur, Ramesh, and William Maley, eds. Theorising the Responsibility to Protect. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139644518.

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Reichwein, Alexander, and Mischa Hansel, eds. Rethinking the Responsibility to Protect. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27412-1.

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Rausch, Anne. Responsibility to protect: Eine juristische Betrachtung. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 2011.

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Thakur, Ramesh Chandra. Iraq and the responsibility to protect. [Toronto, ON]: Canadian Institute of International Affairs, 2004.

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Germany) Studientag zu Libyen (2012 Hamburg. Libyen: Missbrauch der Responsibility to Protect? Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2014.

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(Netherlands), Adviesraad Internationale Vraagstukken. The Netherlands and the responsibility to protect: The responsibility to protect people from mass atrocities. The Hague]: Advisory Council on International Affairs, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Responsibility to Protect"

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Lau, Raymond Kwun-Sun. "Responsibility to Protect." In Responding to Mass Atrocities in Africa, 17–50. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429054938-2.

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Cooper, Richard H., and Juliette Voïnov Kohler. "Introduction The Responsibility to Protect." In Responsibility to Protect, 1–12. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618404_1.

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Schulz, William F. "Spread Wide the Word." In Responsibility to Protect, 145–59. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618404_10.

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Simmons, Adele, and April Donnellan. "Reaching Across Borders." In Responsibility to Protect, 163–78. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618404_11.

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Feinstein, Lee, and Erica De Bruin. "Beyond Words." In Responsibility to Protect, 179–98. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618404_12.

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Volk, Joe, and Scott Stedjan. "Building Structures for Peace." In Responsibility to Protect, 199–218. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618404_13.

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Pace, William, Nicole Deller, and Sapna Chhatpar. "Realizing the Responsibility to Protect in Emerging and Acute Crises." In Responsibility to Protect, 219–41. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618404_14.

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Cooper, Richard H., and Juliette Voïnov Kohler. "Moving From Military Intervention to Judicial Enforcement." In Responsibility to Protect, 243–62. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618404_15.

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Evans, Gareth. "The Responsibility to Protect." In Responsibility to Protect, 15–29. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618404_2.

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Bassiouni, Cherif. "Advancing the Responsibility to Protect Through International Criminal Justice." In Responsibility to Protect, 31–42. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230618404_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Responsibility to Protect"

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Jankova, Kristina. "RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT: 10 YEARS ON." In 2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2015/b21/s4.039.

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Morison, Michael. "The Future of The Responsibility To Protect." In Annual International Conference on Political Science, Sociology and International Relations (PSSIR 2016). Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-2403_pssir16.62.

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Ogunkoya, Anthony Kunle. "Exploration and Production in An Environmentally Sensitive Area - How Do We Protect the Rift Valley from Environmental Degradation and Protect Tourism?" In SPE African Health, Safety, Security, and Environment and Social Responsibility Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/170208-ms.

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Alfajri, Ahmad. "The Failure of International Community to Implement Responsibility to Protect in Darfur." In International Conference Recent Innovation. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009931815581565.

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Jankova, Kristina. "WHEN HUMAN RIGHTS ARE AT STAKE: THE EU MISSIONS AND RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT." In 2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2015/b21/s4.059.

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Karaman, Ebru. "Government’s Responsibility to Prevent the Violence against Women in Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01228.

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Violence against women, which is accepted as a violation of human right in Turkey and in whole world for many years, causes physical and mental harms by practicing all kind of personal and collective behavior including force and pressure. Femicides have increased 1400% in the last seven years and one of every three women is subjected to violence. It is doubtful that in international law; Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and Council of Europe Convention and in additional to this in national law; The 1982 Constitution and The Law to Protect Family and Prevent Violence Against Women can provide effective guarantee to protect the place of woman in Turkish Society or not? Despite all of the legislative regulations, the violence against women in Turkey increasingly goes on. For this reason it is crucial to evaluate the articles no 5th, 10th, 17th, 41st and 90th of Constitution which compose the legal basis for preventing violence against women. Republic of Turkey’s founding philosophy bases on equality of women and men, which means equal rights for every single citizen. To end this violence against women; can be achieve only through provide this equality legally and defacto, and also, apply social state’s principles in real life. Because in social states, struggling against this violence should be accepted as government’s policy. The state should be in cooperation with all women's organizations and provide training for related trade bodies.
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Wu, Wenbin, Shihao Wang, Yandan Wang, Tian Xie, and Yimeng Shen. "Media Control & Manipulation and the concept of Responsibility to Protect: New Threats Posed to International Security." In 2021 International Conference on Public Relations and Social Sciences (ICPRSS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211020.302.

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Kresic, Mario. "Is the R2P Norm a Legal Norm?" In The 8th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.8.2.24.

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The conception of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) was developed to resolve the practical problem of the inefficiency of the international community to address atrocities. The present contribution aims at the clarification of the theoretical problem on the nature of R2P norm and provision of conceptual tools for its solution. After differentiating R2P objects and contouring their content, the question whether the R2P norm is of a legal kind will be addressed. The contribution claims that application of the proposed legal concepts – theoretical conception related to the law, doctrine, norm, principle and rule – contributes to the clarification of the objects and content of the R2P; and that political responsibility approach to the identification of a legal norm and the specific concept of emerging norm are suitable tools for determining the legal nature of R2P norm.
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Kosorukova, Irina. "Causes FOR EXEMPTION FROM LEGAL LIABILITY AND PUNISHMENT." In Current problems of jurisprudence. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02058-6/199-204.

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The article provides a general overview of such legal aspects as exemption from administrative responsibility and criminal punishment. Since the Russian Federation is a state governed by the rule of law, in which legal institutions must fully protect the rights and freedoms of citizens, it is necessary to try to study this issue so that it is possible to propose new or alternative solutions to the problems that exist today. Namely, the gaps in the legislation.
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Herghiligiu, Ionut viorel, Aura Mihai, Bogdan Sarghie, Rita souto Bizarro, and Carmen Arias. "FRAMEWORK OF THE E-LEARNING TRAINING PROGRAM ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY." In eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-255.

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Globalization implies that companies must redefine the approach to the environment, namely through a global perspective. Organizations can not develop strategies based only on national boundaries of a particular state because it became extremely clear that an incident in one country could affect other countries as macro-phenomenon of the global financial crisis reflects it - 2008. Thus the field of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has substantially contributed to the awareness of several issues previously considered to be unimportant or simply ignored. As general concept CSR refers not only to organizations but also to all kinds of entities. This way, the responsibility for an entity reflects the impact of its decisions and its activities on society and environment. The CSR concept strictly links with the concept of sustainable development, which it is followed by ethical and transparent behavior, taking into account the expectations of all stakeholders. Specifically, it refers to the integration of ethics into the strategic vision of the entities to effectively manage the social and ethical issues associated with its activity. So the CSR main goal is to drive change in organizations towards sustainability, with the condition to protect the interests of stakeholders. In order to achieve this goal also (e-learning) training programs is needed. Organizations choose this "option" - e-learning training programs - because such approach regarding employees instruction is the most cost-effective ways, plus in addition is simple, flexible and with immediate results. In light of the previously mentioned the paper develops this framework regarding CSR e-learning training programs due to the fact that e-Learning became highest priority for many organizations.
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Reports on the topic "Responsibility to Protect"

1

Seyle, D. Conor. Business Participation in the Responsibility to Protect. One Earth Future Foundation, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18289/oef.2013.007.

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Scott, Kenneth, and Laura Rhodes. Corporate Social Responsibility and the Responsibility to Protect: Corporate Liability for International Crimes. One Earth Future Foundation, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18289/oef.2014.002.

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Poindexter, Todd L. Operationalizing the Impossible: The Responsibility to Protect Movement. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1001783.

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Seyle, Conor. How Business Can Support the Responsibility to Protect. One Earth Future Foundation, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18289/oef.2016.011.

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Francis, David J. The Promise and the Peril of the Responsibility to Protect. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561489.

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Ryan, Michelle L. The Search for Legitimacy: Interventions Under the Responsibility to Protect. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561853.

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Bargatze, David A. From Humanitarian Intervention to the Responsibility to Protect: From Kosovo to Libya and Beyond. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1019059.

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Blackford, William. The Responsibility to Protect and International Law: Moral, Legal and Practical Perspectives on Kosovo, Libya, and Syria. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2529.

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Lucas, David. Between Non-intervention and Protection: A study on the case of Darfur and the Responsibility to Protect. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.388.

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Braun, Miguel, and Luciano Di Gresia. Towards Effective Social Insurance in Latin America: The Importance of Countercyclical Fiscal Policy. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010813.

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Latin America is a volatile, crisis-prone region, with limited and inadequate social insurance. Therefore, the long-term as well as the recent poor suffer significantly during crises. Furthermore, social spending is procyclical in the region, but less so than total spending, indicating that the effectiveness of compensatory social policies designed to protect those vulnerable to crises is constrained by adjustments during recessions. The causes of procyclical fiscal policy lie in the political constraints on saving during expansions, combined with limited creditworthiness during recessions, and enhanced by economic volatility and a low share of automatic stabilizers in the budget. We evaluate policy options to reduce procyclicality of fiscal policy, such as stabilization funds, fiscal rules and reform of budget institutions, and argue in favor of integrated policy proposals based on more country-specific analysis, such as the Fiscal Responsibility Law in Brazil.
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