Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ressources halieutiques'
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Laulier, Romain. "Analyse juridique d'un marché des ressources halieutiques." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN0086.
Full textKonan, Kouassi Venance. "La Côte d'Ivoire et l'exploitation des ressources halieutiques." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE0002.
Full textLe, Floc'h Pascal. "Economie de l'innovation et industrie d'exploitation des ressources halieutiques." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NSARE014.
Full textMohamed-Salem, Ould Mohameden. "Le cadre juridique du commerce international des ressources halieutiques." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010255.
Full textThe international commerce of halieutic resources, like other international activities, is not an exception to the "transition" public international law (classical conventions on the law of the sea), international economic law (tarif law ; communatary law), international development law (1982 convention on the law of the sea). In a first part we have contemplated the study of the classical frame of the halieutic commerce both as universal as regional. That's the way we have tucked successively the legal principles concerning the commerce of the halieutic resources set out by Geneva and London conventions as well as those relating to international economic law. But the principles in question were not approved unanimasly by the international community members. This has been differently as to the EEC, whose members issued a law wich has been integrated and accepted by them. In a second part we have tuckled the consequences of the disruption of the classical frame through the system stemed from III united nations conference on the law of the sea. This has led us to see the recent aspects of the international halieutic commerce and its implications on the EEC
Udumyan, Narine. "Surexploitation des ressources halieutiques : habitat, récifs artificiels et apprentissage." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1082/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on two main problems posed in contemporary fisheries: habitat degradation and lack of information. They count among the most important causes of the overexploitation of marine resources. The first two chapters aim at examining the habitat degradation that is linked to destructive fishing activities. The Gordon-Schaefer model is extended to take account of the negative impact of fishing on the habitats. The consequences for fisheries management are analyzed and the importance of taking into account habitats in the development of fisheries management programs is highlighted. Then the extended model is used to evaluate the economic benefits of artificial reefs, a management tool to which frequently resort the managers of small-scale fisheries to mitigate the effects of habitat degradation. Finally, in the third chapter the role of information for sustainable fisheries is examined under open access. If in the first two chapters it is assumed that there is complete information, in the last study this assumption is relaxed - no information on the resource is known. The decision concerning the exploitation of marine resources is made individually by each fisherman that operates in the fishery. By developing an agent-based model, we show the impact of individual learning on the global dynamics of the system
Konan, Kouassi Venance. "La Côte d'Ivoire et l'exploitation de ses ressources halieutiques." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376066563.
Full textHabibe-Meisse, Beyahe. "Dynamique des ressources demersales dans l’écosystème marin mauritanien : vulnérabilité des ressources et impacts de la pêche." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NSARH087.
Full textThe thesis focuses on the evaluation of the Mauritanian demersal fishery resources and the health of the ecosystem as a whole. The biophysical environment and fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone are presented in the first chapter. The too following chapters deal with the implementation of a series of stock assessment methods. These methods are first implemented to assess the stock status of white grouper, and then applied more broadly to 22 demersal species. Combined assessment of all stocks indicate an overall overexploitation of demersal stocks, with a current fishing effort that exceeds EMSY by around 30%, and a biomass that has been divided by about 3 since 1982. This third chapter is also an opportunity to discuss more theoretical aspects based on a comparative ecological approach to analyze factors that explain stocks resiliency. These analyzes show that stocks whose index of vulnerability is high and stocks of larger species are those that support the highest fishing pressure, but also those who are currently the most exploited. The last chapter aims at replacing the demersal resources dynamics into ecosystem global dynamics. It is based on the update of an existing Ecopath model, and the development an EcoTroph model. This approach enables a diagnosis at the ecosystem scale. It also highlights the strong interactions between fisheries, particularly between the small-scale coastal fishery (PAC) and the pelagic fishing industry, but also between CAP and the demersal fishing industry. This analysis is very useful for the construction of fisheries evolution scenarios, and ecosystems diagnosis in the region
Noël, Julien. "Regard géographique sur la mondialisation halieutique : l'altermondialisation et les formes de résistance des "pêches artisanales"." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT3047.
Full textUsing a geographical approach, this thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of scales and spatialities that are present in the dissenting and singular phenomenon of alter-globalization in fisheries. More precisely, I aim to demonstrate how this social movement, that supports small-scale fisheries, also involves social and spatial re-appropriations of a non-egalitarian globalization. To understand these interactions, I compare two militant fishing practices and areas: artisanal fishing in France and small-scale fisheries in Madagascar. First, I analyse the passage between globalization and globalization in fishing and aquaculture. I consider the major geo-historical stages animating the development of an aquatic world-system in order to reflect on its contemporary structuring and its present spatial malfunctions. Then, these analyses bring us to consider the multiple spatial dimensions articulated in the movement of alter-globalization in fisheries while interrogating the characteristics of this dissenting movement in terms of organisation of the system of actors, strategies and dynamics. Finally, I compare the politics of sustainability performed in the French and the Malagasy cases, throughout the different activities in the fishing industry. Stating on the interconnections between global scales and local scales (territorializing), I conclude on the need for a trans-scalar and cosmopolitan approach to allow the regulation of fisheries globalization
Lefaudeux, Frédérique. "Gestion internationale d'une ressource naturelle renouvelable : étude d'un stock halieutique localise en zone commune à plusieurs pays." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100039.
Full textDAURES, FABIENNE. "Dynamique d'exploitation des ressources halieutiques : application au secteur chalutier hauturier." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NSARE016.
Full textTuran, Fuat. "La pêche sur le littoral turc de la Mer Noire." Montpellier 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON30007.
Full textStilwell, Jonathan. "Sustainable development and the governance of fisheries frequented by heterogeneous user groups : a political economy perspective on the case of European Union participation in the Senegalese marine fishery." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008VERS003S.
Full textThis thesis addresses questions surrounding the governance of marine fisheries frequented by heterogeneous sets of user groups, from a political economy point of view. A review of relevant theory explores some of the characteristics of political and economic aspects to economic governance decisions, as well as how the relationships between these two facets can be seen to impact upon governance decision processes. This review of theory permits an observation that the governance of economic activities is frequently closely influenced by the pursuit of short term micro rational interests, rather than by a long term macro rational ethic. This, it is argued, results in part from a lack of information that is capable of illustrating the long run implications of economic decisions that may be based primarily on the pursuit of short term financial or in some cases political gain. In an attempt to find a framework that is capable of providing macro rational policy orientation to such governance processes, sustainable development is reviewed as a concept, and is found to be capable of providing policy orientation that accords with the pursuit of a more macro rational ethic. Subsequently, a multi criterion analysis methodology is developed in the thesis in a view to describing the sustainable development implications, accounting for economic and non economic implications, of economic policy choices. The methodology offered is named the Sustainable Development Directives (SDD) approach, and is applied to the case of the governance of the Senegalese maritime fishery. As a starting point the case study provides significant contextual background to the governance situation faced in the Senegalese fishery, which is frequented by a heterogeneous set of user groups. Among these groups are a local artisanal sector, a local industrial sector, and a foreign European Union (EU) sector. The application of the SDD approach to the case study entails an evaluation that permits us to compare some of the economic and non economic implications that the activities of each user group have for the sustainable development of the Senegalese maritime fishery. The application of the SDD approach to the case study leads to an observation that the heterogeneity of the user groups frequenting the fishery can be capitalised upon to a greater extent for the benefit of the sustainable development of the fishery
Lehodey, Patrick. "Les monts sous-marins de nouvelle-caledonie et leurs ressources halieutiques." Pacifique, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PACI0006.
Full textLehodey, Patrick. "Les monts sous-Marins de Nouvelle-Calédonie et leurs ressources halieutiques." Université française du Pacifique (1987-1999), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PACI0002.
Full textMarin, Valérie. "La gestion d'une ressource renouvelable : application aux pêcheries." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020051.
Full textNadraoui, Mustapha. "La pêche maritime sur la façade atlantique du Maroc." Nancy 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN21019.
Full textConsidering the world's increase in population, at the present day maritime resources are just as important as agricultural ones. Halieutic resources are becoming essential for countries with a maritime coastline to secure their future and to guarantee their need for food. Morocco benefits by an important strategic position. It opens out into the Atlantic Ocean as well as the Mediterranean and possesses 3000 km of coastline. Because of its position, Morocco must safeguard its halieutic richness and take all necessary measures to present maritime piracy by foreign fishing ships which are not authorized by the Moroccan government. The aim of our present study is to help develop the economical structure of maritime fishing, the technique of industrial changes, the marketing of fishing instruments and to make this sector more profitable for the country
Engouma, Georgette. "La pêche dans la région de l'estuaire (Libreville-Gabon)." Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30043.
Full textIn the context of a certain evolution and some transformations actually occuring in the estuary region, libreville as the capital city of gabon has made fishing a flourishing activity. In the present study we aim at analysing the conditions, the tools and technics involved in fishing, the fishermen as a social group, and the marketing of fishing products in the region and in the whole country as well. Being essentially traditional up to recent years, fishing is actually having a tendancy to modernize itself, managed as it is by associations of some rich natives (mostly members of the ruling power) with some foreign partners. We specially intended to focus on the kind of organization and mechanisms involved, in close keeping with the environment, the local traditions and the mixed population of the country. So the main interest of this study lies in the physical environment, that is, the sea and its management, and in the evolution or the future of the coast as its activities in an underdeveloped country are concerned
Le, Roux Sylvain. "Pêche et territoires au Sénégal." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT3004.
Full textThe strong socialization of the Senegalese coast can be explained, among others, by the dynamism of dugout-fishing which has evolved from a traditional activity to an artisanal fishing in less than about fifty years. The territorial approach applied to three levels of spatial scale (fishing territories, halieutic poles and coastal territories) offers a better understanding of the relationship between the halieutic societies and the coastal zone. Based on a participative field approach, this work contributes to the thought on the integrated coastal zone management and the identity of the halieutic societies. It brings to the fore the discrepancy between the endogenous dynamics and the exogenous factors and so it raises the issue of the North-South relationship and proves the need for renewing the scientific and political approaches in the field of development
Thiao, Djiga. "Un système d'indicateurs de durabilité des pêcheries côtières comme outil de gestion intégrée des ressources halieutiques sénégalaises." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS001S.
Full textThis thesis is centered on an analysis of the sustainability of coastal fisheries, which leads to the proposal of a system of indicators as a tool for integrated management of Senegalese halieutic resources. The objective is to contribute to a better governance of these resources whose exploitation is characterized by the complexity, the multiplicity and the interactivity of several ecological, economical and social factors. The strategy adopted in this thesis is based on a systemic approach, through a multidimensional and multi-stakeholder vision supported by the PSR (pressure-state-response) model. The diagnosis shows general deterioration of the state of coastal ecosystems, which requires adjustment measures of the fishing pressure. However, many gaps remain for a better comprehension and monitoring of changes affecting the sustainability of fisheries and the global vulnerability of coastal ecosystems
Temri, Leïla. "Analyse concurrentielle d'un secteur aquacole /." Montpellier : CIHEAM-IAMM, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb356204071.
Full textBibliogr. p. 83-88. CIHEAM-IAMM = Centre international de hautes études agronomiques méditerranéennes-Institut agronomique méditerranéen de Montpellier.
Dandila, Justin-Macaire. "Le Congo et le droit de la mer : l'exploitation des ressources pétrolières et halieutiques." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100062.
Full textThis monographic study on the Congo is based on the country's internal law of the off-shore exploitation of oil, fishery as well as on the agreements signed on the fields of halieutic resources. It also deals with international law of the sea. Concerned about the delimitation of maritime borders within which it exploits or allows the exploitation of oil and halieutic resources, the Congo has widened its territorial waters beyond the limits set by the Montego-bay convention and the public international law. Though situated in the depth of equatorial Africa, the country produces, above all, oil. Thanks to the benguela current, the Congolese coast is abounding in fish. As a result, its lends itself to maritime fishery, both industrial and traditional still governed by outmoded laws. For lack of technical and legal means as well as of money, the Congo was forced to sign establishment conventions, in 1968, with elf-erap and agip-spa. Other joint-ventures or association contracts followed in 1984. Its national society "hydro-Congo", though outside the decision making process remains a sleeping-partner", very likely to assert itself in the years ahead so as to negotiate again its contracts taking into account
Belala, Abdeldjalil. "Les Etats africains et la notion de zone économique exclusive l'exploitation des ressources halieutiques." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37593991d.
Full textBez, Nicolas. "Statistiques individuelles et géostatistique transitive en écologie halieutique." ENSMP, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENMP0736.
Full textNzomono, Macaire. "Communautés halieutiques et pêche artisanale maritime en République populaire du Congo." Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30024.
Full textThe first part of our thesis deals with the physical and human frame of the congolese maritime littoral. The second part stresses on the means and engines of production of the craft fishing and the organisation of the fishing activity toward each port, by insisting on the three principal ports which have been the subject of our survey by questionnaire : pointe-noire, matombi and pointe-indienne. The commercialisation and soncuption of the sea-fish have been analysed in the third part of our thesis. The survey which we have conducted with the consumers of pointe-noire has confirmed the primordial place of the sea-fish in the diet of the congolese people. At last, the fourth part sets up the place of the craft fishing and the exploitation of the congolese halieutic ressources vefore questioning ourselves about the different possibilities of its developing
Séjean, Michel. "Droit international de la mer : l'exploitation des ressources halieutiques dans la Z.E.E. par la Mauritanie." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON10003.
Full textThe study of the sea and its application cannot be only analysed through the texts and the jurisprudence which govern it. It's necessary to extend the area of analysis to comprehend the economic interests which support it and determine a geographical area illustrating the reality of the conditions of its application : the area chosen is mauritania
Gambardella, Sophie. "La gestion et la conservation des ressources halieutiques en droit international : l'exemple de la Méditerranée." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1043.
Full textFisheries management and conservation in the Mediterranean relies primarily upon the responsibility of two regional fisheries management organizations: the General fisheries commission for the Mediterranean and the International commission for the conservation of Atlantic tunas. The legal regime is thus built in two distinct arenas and is also nourished by the influence of other conventional regimes. This institutional duplication could thus have resulted in conflicts of norms of management, conservation or even of interpretation. And yet, the observed institutional fragmentation does not appear as an obstacle to unity at the heart of the system. A unity of methods and means of implementation of fisheries management and conservation in the Mediterranean derives from the degree of interaction between the two commissions. The regime thus appears as a set, an indivisible whole. Nevertheless, the existence of such unity is not tantamount to effectiveness and efficiency of the system
Lukomski, Jerzy. "La filière pêche en Pologne : essai de géographie halieutique." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT3008.
Full textThe main aim of this thesis is to present the current state of the polish fishing industry and its prospects in the new socio-economic conditions in the country and the increasingly restricted access to ocean fishing banks. The author tries to show that under the circumstances the polish fishing industry could gradually lose its oceanic character and become increasingly regional. The fishing industry is a particularly complex and necessarily multidisciplinary domain. Its working mechanisms are subject to the influence, at one and the same time, of many distinct factors. Since it its hardly possible to analyse the fishing industry without first seeing just how it functions, the first part of the study is devoted to the basic bioand socio-economic processes wihich are specific to the field. At the same time, this introduction provides the theoretical basis for reflection on the practical aspects of the polish fishing industry
Wiefels, Roland. "Le développement des pôles industriels halieutiques en Amérique latine : approche générale et étude de cas." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030015.
Full textThe latin American fishery sector has growed continuously during the last fifty years. This growth is based on the development of big industrial fishery poles around the continent : 35 of these poles are responsible for 60% of total latin american fishery production. We note however a lack of balance in this production and, of the 35 identified poles, the 14 located in the southern pacific zone represent 82% of the production of the big fishing ports of the region. The fishery sector is detailed in the cases of eight countries: Argentina, Chile, Peru, Mexico. Brazil, Venezuela, Uruguay and Bolivia. The study of the development of the fishery sector in these countries leads to the identification of the similarities that characterize a regional unity. If on one hand the coastal stocks are exploited to their very limit regarding their biological potential, on the other hand new horizons are being opened: the development of high-sea fisheries, particularly in Antarctic waters, and aquaculture. The development of fresh water aquaculture allows the creation of new fishery poles independently of the seaside, enabling their development even in landlocked countries like Bolivia. The growth of production is encouraged by the strong development of the regional markets, particularly in the big cities of the continent, and by the sustained demand of international markets. The market impulsion favors the development of the processing and the distribution activities of the fishery sector. The growth of the high-sea and of the aquaculture production as well as the development of the regional market represent the main issues of the sector at the beginning of the 21st century
Rafaly, Vonintsoa. "La conservation des ressources halieutiques en haute mer : du régime classique de la responsabilité à la responsabilisation des états." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT3003.
Full textDoes everything have to change for everything to stay as it is ? The Law of the Sea is subject to continuous development to maintain the balance between freedom of resource exploitation and emerging environmental pressure. But does everything has to change ? The aim of this study is to get to the heart of the matter, especially regarding state responsibility in the conservation of marine biological resources in areas beyond national jurisdiction. Between crisis and evolution, the law of the sea has to find its feet regarding the challenges the international community is facing. In order to maintain a sustainable conservation of resources, the consideration of common interest and environmental requirements has led to a reconceptualisation of state responsibility, where international cooperation has its importance. The Law of the Sea has thus made their own and updated some international law and environmental law concepts, through emerging mechanisms to initiate new forms of state responsibility
Balinoff, Natacha. "Le droit d'exploitation de la ressource halieutique." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT3013.
Full textCharneau, Dominique. "La dynamique de la filière française du thon depuis 1945 : internationalisation et compétitivité." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR1D036.
Full textThe development of the french tuna industry since 1945 is analysed. The tuna industry's dynamic is characterized by two movements: internationalization and competitiveness, the result of this internationalization. The internationalization process, which began with the tropical fisheries exploitation, is first described for each segment of market involvement (harvesting, transshipment, processing, distribution and trading). His role in the activities' growth is examined and a preliminary analysis of the causes is set out. In a second part, the internationalization process is analysed as a necessary expediency to the competitive adaptation of this industry. The recent developments of international economics and of industrial economics are applied. The role of nation states in research into competitiveness and in the internationalization process is explained. Finally, the question of global integration of the tuna industry as well as the middle term stakes for the french tuna industry in this integration is discussed
Bignoumba, Guy-Serge. "La pêche maritime au Gabon : contribution à l'étude géographique d'une activité secondaire : dans un pays tourné principalement vers l'exploitation de ses ressources continentales." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT3004.
Full textGabon is a country with a wide range of natural resources (wood, oil, manganese, uranium. . . ) Which are at the basis of its economy. It is in that context, however favourable, that sea-fishing (organized around a coastal and deep sea activity) is relegated to a marginal role in spite of undeniable assets. This situation is mainly due to cultural factors impediments (the gabonese have no maritime tradition or culture) and the result of an economic policy based on the exploitation of raw materials with a view to export them. That is what this study tries to show through the description, the explanation and the analysis of the gabonese fishing space. In fact, this thesis is a call for a better development of the biological resources of the sea is indispensable in the struggle for seil-sufficiency in terms of food
Frédou, Thierry. "Impact of fishing activity on coral reef ecosystems : a study case of the Northeast of Brazil." Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX22060.
Full textWithin the Northeastern Brazilian reef fishery, snappers were the main part of the catch, outstanding Lutjanus chrysurus, L. Synagris, L. Analis, L. Jocu and L. Vivanus. Small fish were generally found in shallow waters and the larger fish in deeper waters. L. Synagris was more abundant in shallow waters while L. Vivanus mainly occurred on the shelf break and slope. Snappers were found at fully or overexploited level and that statement was enhanced when reference points such as F0. 1 was considered. Fleet types played distinct roles on the life history of the snappers in the region. Fish composition varied accordingly to the habitat type. CPUE estimates varied from UVC indexes. However, lutjanids sampled on 'knolls' were in similar abundance. Fish assemblage is restricted to a confined area where both survey methods present a similar operating range. The management plan should then encompass actions on fishing power and implementation of areas that restrict fishing activities
Guyader, Olivier. "Évaluation économique de la régulation des pêches : le cas du thon germon de l'Atlantique Nord-Est /." Paris ; Montréal (Québec) ; Budapest [etc.] : l'Harmattan, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37643081r.
Full textEn appendice, choix de textes et documents. Bibliogr. p. 307-332.
Nyinguema, Ndong Leonilde Chancia. "Activités halieutiques et immigration clandestine dans le golfe de Guinée : le cas du Gabon." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NANT3039.
Full textSince the fifteenth century, Gulf of Guinea is an important area of activities of fishermen, migrants from West Africa. Thus, by their knowledge of seas and artisanal fishing techniques, seeking the best fishing waters and favorable living conditions have, for a long time, grasped the sea as a circulatory and nurturing space. Over time, they ended up settling and it conducted to a "fish colonization" of an important part of the coastline of the coastal Atlantic states including Gabon, as to become majority or essential stakeholders (80% west African) of the sector of artisanal marine fisheries. Furthermore, Gabon, immigration country (+ 15% allogeneic population) continuously experiencing a migration influx, the main candidates for immigration comes mainly from West Africa, and this despite the economic crisis and the end of massive recruitment of labor. In the early 1980s, from a selective and desired immigration by the government, we move to a spontaneous and autonomous immigration which is illustrated by its clandestine nature and maritime character. However, different surveys concerning arrests, rescues, and access networks such illegal maritime routes, show that fishing communities are heavily involved. Hence, the legitimate desire to understand the nature of the relationship between fisheries activities and illegal immigration by sea in the way to measure the issues
Samba, Alassane, and Francis Laloë. "La pêche artisanale au Sénégal : ressource et stratégie de pêche." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112153.
Full textIn Senegal, waters of the continental shelf are very productive, due to a seasonal upwelling responsible of fish stocks migrations. The progressive setting up of a stratified sampling system (with subsampling in each stratum) for collecting a great number of parameters takes into account the main artisanal fishery characteristics. Data processing gives up results on fishing effort, catch per unit of effort and total landings. Methodological tests are periodically conducted to improve sampling design. The main source of bias is discussed. This enhances the fact that increasing the strata number would lead to a variability of their size, due to the capacity of fishing units to alter their tactics according to circumstances. We deeply study fishing outings and results in Saint-Louis and Kayar by using statistical analysis and considering 3 periods between 1975 and 1987. We notice an important interannual variability in fishing effort characteristics and levels, and in catch per outing. We also show seasonal and annual variations in resource availability and landings related to upwelling dynamics. We then study population dynamics models through their ability to account for the main changes that have been noticed. We pay particular attention to the potential impact of a restricted access to the resource and to the models applying to the dynamics of the fishing fleet. We then suggest a simulation showing the evolution of a fishery similar to the artisanal fishery in Senegal, the fishing units of which have a strategy with a range of available tactics and a selection rule. We then study a fishery that would differ by its lesser adaptability. This finally allows us to deal with the analysis of artisanal fisheries planning problems
Laloë, Francis, and Alassane Samba. "La pêche artisanale au Sénégal : ressource et stratégie de pêche." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112154.
Full textIn Senegal, waters of the continental shelf are very productive, due to a seasonal upwelling responsible of fish stocks migrations. The progressive setting up of a stratified sampling system (with subsampling in each stratum) for collecting a great number of parameters takes into account the main artisanal fishery characteristics. Data processing gives up results on fishing effort, catch per unit of effort and total landings. Methodological tests are periodically conducted to improve sampling design. The main source of bias is discussed. This enhances the fact that increasing the strata number would lead to a variability of their size, due to the capacity of fishing units to alter their tactics according to circumstances. We deeply study fishing outings and results in Saint-Louis and Kayar by using statistical analysis and considering 3 periods between 1975 and 1987. We notice an important interanual variability in fishing effort characteristics and levels, and in catch per outing. We also show seasonal and annual variations in resource availability and landings related to upwelling dynamics. We then study population dynamics models through their ability to account for the main changes that have been noticed. We pay particular attention to the potential impact of a restricted access to the resource and to the models applying to the dynamics of the fishing fleet. We then suggest a simulation showing the evolution of a fishery similar to the artisanal fishery in Senegal, the fishing units of which have a strategy with a range of available tactics and a selection rule. We then study a fishery that would differ by its lesser adaptability. This finally allows us to deal with that analysis of artisanal fisheries planning problems
Le, Hardy Magali. "Problèmes juridiques posés par l'exploitation des ressources biologiques de la haute mer." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE0033.
Full textGondeaux, Evelyne. "Elaboration d'une stratégie d'analyse des activités halieutiques des flottilles artisanales côtières : approche méthodologique appliquée au cas du MOR-BRAZ." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX22076.
Full textVigie-Chevalier, Béatrice. "Recherches sur l'exploitation des ressources aquatiques dans le midi méditerranéen français au postglaciaire." Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX10055.
Full textOuld, Brahim Mohamed. "La gestion des ressources halieutiques dans une optique de développement soutenable : application de l'aide multicritère à la décision au cas de la pêche industrielle mauritanienne." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE0028.
Full textOur vital space and stock management fishery in general, as well as the sustainable development form part of the major concerns of our century. The objective of this work is to contribute in the making of a tool which will help in multicriteria decision-making for the installation of a sustainable management of the fishery resources in Mauritania. A general characterization of the problems of the management of fishery is made through the concept of sustainable development. In the competing current context, the developing countries in order to come out of their economic difficulties must provide for a better management of their natural resources. The precepts of the sustainable development show the real possibilities to achieve this goal. The need for exportation and the will to safeguard their fishing resources will make it necessary for the decision makers to find a compromise between the different sectors of the fisheries (economic, social, ecological, technological). These criteria, which allow an evaluation of the resource, are defined on the basis of the exploitation of the latter allowing to draft a list of the locally relevant criteria in dialogue with the decision makers and to provide easily comprehensible results. The decision makers will then be able to express their point of view fully informed of the major objectives of management on the level of Mauritania's industrial fishing which is our case of study. After having generated ten policies of management representing the various regulatory instruments and their combination, we noted each policy compared to the four criteria retained in our study in order to determine which one suited the best the decision criteria. We chose an application on Mauritania's industrial fishing because we think that it constitutes a case of interesting study. The taking into account of the environment, the social welfare of the population and the participation of decision makers concerned will be as many conditions relating to the sustainability of the envisaged organisation
Hardy, Pierre-Yves. "Gestion viable et résilience de la petite pêche côtière des îles coralliennes." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MNHN0005.
Full textThe achievement of the Millennium Development Goals including poverty alleviation, food security together with biodiversity conservation is seriously challenged in coral reef regions. In this context, the role played by small-scale fisheries is critical, especially in the sub-tropical South West Pacific region. Using the Solomon Islands as a case-study, the present thesis aims to identify management strategies that ensure the sustainability and resilience of both fisheries and the underlying marine biodiversity, accounting for macro and micro-level ecological and economic drivers. To do so, we develop several bio-economic dynamic models that account for multi-fleets and multiple coral reef species, holothurians as well as skipjack tuna, a pelagic resource that can be caught inshore using Fishing Aggregative Devices (FADs). Parameters of the models are calibrated using both local data from the Solomon Islands and relevant literature on reef ecosystems. The choice of the fishing effort as control variable in the system allows us to account for the flexibility of the local customary marine tenure systems frequently found in the Pacific. Scenarios and projections derived from the model are compared using viability criteria. The co-viability of the system is satisfied by balancing ecological and economic constraints that are defined by biodiversity conservation, food security and minimum cash requirements. In addition we propose to measure the resilience of the system through the concept of time-of-crisis. The research points out to a series of important results: first, scenarios analysis highlights the need to adjust fishing effort in favour of the tuna resource in order to secure co-viability at the 2050 horizon. Second, simulations and game theory are used to show how cooperation amongst fishers with a particular fish catch allocation can foster the viability and resilience of the whole system. Third, while accounting for ecological and economic uncertainties in the dynamics and state of the model, the model shows on how FADs can play a major role for the viability and resilience of the small-scale fishery. Overall these different results emphasize the importance of ecosystem-based management approach, and the need for the carefully planned development of small-scale tuna fisheries
Le, luherne Emilie. "Impacts des marées vertes sur les habitats essentiels au renouvellement des ressources halieutiques des secteurs estuariens et côtiers." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NSARH098/document.
Full textCoastal and estuarine systems are highly productive areas that provide unique biological and ecological services and shelter essential habitats to numerous fisheries resources. Among the perturbations experienced by these ecosystems, proliferations of opportunistic macroalgae, commonly known as ‘green tides’, are one of the most obvious signs of eutrophication in coastal and estuarine areas, worldwide, and in Northwestern France in particular. The processes underlying macroalgal proliferations are almost identified whereas their ecological consequences - especially for ichthyofauna - remain poorly understood and understudied. The objective of this thesis is to characterise the effects of green tides on the role of coastal and estuarine habitats for ichthyofauna, on both the community and the individual scales.First, we investigated the consequences of green tides on ichthyofauna on the community scale. Then, we examined the processes which affect the ichthyofauna during green tides, on the individual scale. Marine juvenile fish responses were investigated based on habitat selection and comparison of individual performances between a control and an impacted site. Based on these two complementary approaches, we evidence ecological significant negative effects of green tides on the quality of essential fish habitats. The effects of green tides on ichthyofauna are modulated by the intensity and nature of macroalgal blooms, and are related to the fish habitat use and ecology. A decreasing gradient of sensibility to green tides is emphasised, from benthic to demersal and pelagi
Ly, Djibril. "Etude de l'éco-sociosystème du Parc National du Banc d'Arguin : vers une régulation des dynamiques halieutiques imraguen." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30104.
Full textCreated in 1976, the Banc d'Arguin National Park (PNBA) is a marine protected area classified as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The park is home to a fishing population called "Imraguen" formerly living from a traditional subsistence fishery. Over the last twenty years, fishing at the Banc d'Arguin has become a highly lucrative commercial activity leading to increased losses of a rich marine biodiversity.The thesis focuses on the understanding of the fish dynamics that have been implemented in the park since its creation. Based on the concept of the fishing system, the study proposes to describe and analyze the interactions between the ecosystem and the socio-system in its social, cultural, spatial, political, economic and regulatory dimensions. Therefore, the approach is intended to be systemic and focuses on understanding the fishery dynamics of the Banc d'Arguin as a whole.This thesis aims to rethink the management strategies of the park by trying to reduce pressure on the fishery resource. Ultimately, the results of this research will have to serve as a decision-making tool for the manager
Sarré, Abdoulaye. "Approche acoustique de la dynamique et la distribution spatiale des ressources halieutiques de petits pélagiques dans l'upwelling sénégalo-mauritanien." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0062/document.
Full textAlong the coast of North-West Africa, among the richest waters over the word, fish supply is important at both socio-economic and cultural levels. In this region, the small pelagic fish are the most abundant marine resources and are monitored using hydroacoustic stock assessment methods since more than three decades. These surveys have allowed providing to local authorities a sound scientific basis for deciding about the management of pelagic fisheries. A specific challenge is to know the representativity of these surveys with respect to the stocks targeted. In this work, we confirm this representativity for Sardinella aurita stock while for S. maderensis, a part of the stock could have not been sampled and for pour Ilisha africana and Ethmalosa fimbriata these surveys are not the best tool. Furthermore, Northward shifts in the distribution of sardinella in the Canary Current Large Marine Ecosystem are recorded in this work and have been attributed to the redistribution of upwelling intensity and productivity, resulting in the abundance of sardinella decreasing in the inter-tropical coastal region. Here for the first time using independent observational time series, we report a robust northward shift in S. aurita since 1995 and attribute it to the strong ocean warming in the region. The observed spatial shifts in biomass in the last 20 years are of the same order of magnitude as those recorded for surface isotherms. Such changes will impact policy considerations in the management of food security in several West African countries and should be considered with respect to “Intended Nationally Determined Contributions”
Lembe, Aline-Joëlle. "Pêches maritimes et développement durable dans les états côtiers d'Afrique centrale : des dysfonctionnements à l'exploitation durable des ressources halieutiques." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT3011.
Full textThe aim of this research was to study the maritime fishing in the coastal central african states from the angle of sustainable development. In this viewpoint, the research used a work of observation and of surveys especially thanks to interviews to draw up a diagnosis of the state of fishing in a context marked by important halieutic potentials although the landscape remains not very glossy. Indeed, the area is marked by numerous operational and organizational problems. Problems that materialize among others by proven under-equipped materials, insufficient involvement of political decision-makers, low incomes and to some extent, the lack of coordination between the various entities that reflect the relative vitality of the sector. Through case studies : Sao Tome (Sao Tome and Principe), Komo estuary (Gabon) and Youpwé (Cameroon), the research also enabled to assess the existing environmental risks due to the practices and uses of fishing gears which are dangerous for the marine ecosystems. Moeover, thanks to these case studies, the concept of sustainable development has been questioned in the context and in the sector we refers too. It was about a kind of probation of the concept. And some maladaptation of the international orientations appears clearly, in the context of coastal central africain states due to specific realities which are not taken into account in the international level. In fact, this probation underlines all the difficulty that exists to tie up the popularisation of "right practices" as far as fishing are concerned and the satisfaction of the primary need of food, which is essential to the survival of the players themselves, in a context where food security remains &almost an illusion. So, this analysis tempts to a replacement of the approaches. That the reason why, the study suggests to consider (again) the sustainable development issue in the maritime area by integrating the concept of territory. Actually, it is about conceptualise or consider the layout of halieutic territories and not only about the fishing activity only. All the related activities such as offshore, the maritime transport, tourism, have to be integrated to the analysis. All in all, this study, by questioning the sustainability of the maritime fishing, fuels and repeats a longstanding debate in human geography : that of the relationship between man and environment
Lenoir, Sylvain. "Impact du réchauffement climatique sur la distribution spatiale des ressources halieutiques le long du littoral français : observations et scénarios." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10047/document.
Full textThis aims to study the impact of climate warming on the spatial distribution of fish in the North Atlantic, using the new habitat model called the Non-Parametric Probabilistic Ecological Niche Model (NPPEN). The model NPPEN is nonparametric and requires only presence data. It is based on concept of the ecological niche sensu Hutchinson. The model NPPEN tests the Mahalanobis generalised distance by permutations to produce and map the probability of species occurrence. The model is therefore well suited to study expected changes in the biogeography of marine species at macro-scale. Applying this new model on more than fifty marine species in the North Atlantic, has highlighted the impact of global warming on the biogeography of species, structure and trophodynamic of the marine ecosystem. Disruption, already observed in spatial distribution and abundance (probability of occurrence) of fish species such as Atlantic cod and lesser sandeel were found again. The majority of species will move northward to stay in an environment consistent with their ecological niche. The intensity and rapidity of the biogeographic movements expected, as the balance of gains or losses in the spatial range differ among fish; governed by the ability of species movement, their range of environmental tolerance (niche breadth) and the intensity of global warming
Noiville, Christine. "Les régimes juridiques des ressources génétiques marines : contribution à la notion d'intégration des objectifs écologiques aux objectifs économiques." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOA001.
Full textFaraj, ʿAbdelmalek. "Techniques géostatistiques au service de l’aménagement de la pêcherie céphalopodière marocaine." Paris, ENMP, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005805.
Full textThe regulation of the cephalopod fishery off Morocco is mainly focused on catch limitation of the target specie, octopus (Octopus vulgaris). Its exploitable biomass is estimated by direct assessments through scientific surveys. These have to (i) provide a good estimator - unbiased and accurate – of the global abundance with its estimation variance and stock distribution maps, (ii) monitor the spatio-temporal dynamic of the octopus, whose knowledge is essential for management. To achieve this: • The spatial features of the octopus densities are described and the conditions of stationarity are analyzed on the basis of historical data. • Methods for global estimation - transitive and intrinsic - are applied taking into account the data characteristics, including non-stationarity on the probabilistic intrinsic approach and the uncontrolled sampling on the deterministic transitive approach. • The spatial pattern of the octopus is described using geostatistical indicators. It is characterized by a widespread distribution of the spawning stock over the continental shelf and a coastal recruitment success. Some important implications for management are discussed. Finally, this work is seen within larger context of the cephalopod fishery management and the new fishing policy. New perspectives for the application of the geostatistical techniques and the spatial statistics are considered for stock assessments, especially of the octopus
Beaulaton, Laurent Élie Pierre Castelnaud Gérard. "Systèmes de suivi des pêches fluvio-estuariennes pour la gestion des espèces : construction des indicateurs halieutiques et évaluation des impacts en Gironde." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2009. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000768.
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