Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Restauration et conservation'
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Gianni, Fabrizio. "Conservation et restauration écologique des forêts marines Méditerranéennes." Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE4028/document.
Full textLoss of marine forests of large brown seaweeds has been observed in recent decades, causing a reduction of ecosystem biodiversity. In the framework of the MMMPA project, this PhD aimed to address some important topics related to the conservation and restoration of algal forests, the role of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and fish herbivory. Different approaches were used: macroalgae surveys, literature reviews, manipulative experiments, tank-based experiments and GIS habitat mapping. Results from field experiments showed that native herbivorous fish, likely Sarpa salpa (salemas), can be the most effective herbivore of intertidal Cystoseira belts both on natural and artificial substrates. Indeed, salemas strongly affected the growth, biomass and reproductive output of natural forests and limited restoration success on artificial substrates. Likely, the role of the herbivorous fish in structuring macroalgal communities has been overlooked in the Mediterranean Sea so far. A review of the existing literature showed that knowledge on marine forests forming species has improved in recent decades. However, most of the research is not in relation to MPAs, likely due to the fact that marine forests are not always included in MPAs planning and management plans. Studies on marine forests are not homogeneously distributed in the world, being concentrated in the developed countries. Interestingly, an increase of the scientific interest (published papers) was observed. Nowadays, marine forests are under continuous threats and especially sensitive to multiple impacts
Le, Fur Daniel. "La peinture murale des temples de Karnak : technique, conservation, restauration." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010567.
Full textPapageorgiou, Paraskevi. "La conservation-restauration en archéologie : stratégie et gestion du mobilier." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010605.
Full textJouniot, Sylvie. "La conservation des meubles corporels, oeuvres d'arts en droit français." Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020120.
Full textNivart, Anne. "De la fouille au musée : les musées de préhistoire : nouveaux lieux, nouvelles fonctions." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MNHN0013.
Full textSince 1970's, excavations are increasing in France and thus the mass of artefacts to be studied and preserved. Archaeological objects follow an operational sequence going from excavation to museum. Development of new dedicated storage buildings seems to correspond to intermediate stages recognition. Function of excavation deposits are to store the objects the time necessary for their study. These places tend to get permanent depending of scientific, economic and cultural contexts. New executives jobs have been created for archaeologists. The museum, positioned at the end of to the operating chain, is presented as a logical outcome. The two curation main possibilities are the devolvement to an existing museum, or the creation of a new museum ex nihilo. In this second prospect, a selection was made of French prehistory museums including archeo-parks. The question was to analyze the creation and stabilisation process of museums. Two different orientations leads to the museum position in operating chain: a subordination of the objects to research or an emancipation in a cultural and patrimonial vision
Doublon, Michel. "Le patrimoine architectural au regard du droit de l'urbanisme et de la décentralisation." Limoges, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIMO0417.
Full textWhat is architectural heritage and what is law about it ? In spite of the last evolution in town planning rules and documents, architectural heritage is only a reality in a specific proceedings and institutions context. As the hope for a new deal to power, the decentralization of town planning law is only an imperfect answer to the problematic recognition of any architectural heritage law. Because this law, that is more and more apart from planning law, is still waiting to be recognized
Daniel, Floréal. "Effet de la pollution atmosphérique sur des papiers désacidifiés par différentes méthodes." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010574.
Full textOne of the causes of archives and libraries documents degradation is acidity, caused by atmospheric pollution. Many deacidification methods are used to solve the problem. This work aims to classify the methods used in france according to the level of protection they bring to 3 qualities of paper, representatives of documents treated in restauration centers. Papers are treated by immersion in aqueous or alcoholic basic solutions or under pressure in an autoclave. This last method represents the mass treatment used by the bibliotheque nationale. Deacidified papers are submitted to pollution with high concentrations of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide and their reacidification and degradation are evaluated. Based on the results obtained on two qualities of paper we recommand the use of magnesium bicarbonate aqueous solution or methyl magnesium carbonate in a mixture of solvents (methanol and freon). The method which is used in mass deacidification in the bibliotheque nationale give good operating results. Concerning the third paper used in this work, its degradation is faster than a reference paper. Our hypothesis is that solvents and salts used in deacidification treatment in combination with pollutants have an action on its rosin sizing. In conclusion, the deacidification treatment must be applied carefully on sized papers. However, preventive action is the best answer to conservation problems. To reduce the reacidification due to pollution, we recommand to put documents in cardboard boxes and to control the atmospher environment of archives and libraries buildings
Vecco, Marilena. "Évolution économique du concept de conservation." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010041.
Full textJarjanette-Broussaud, Virginie. "La restauration des peintures murales et des mosaïques dans l'Antiquité romaine." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA041053.
Full textGuillemard, Denis. "La conservation préventive, une alternative à la restauration des objets ethnographiques." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010640.
Full textTo face up to the increasing collections of artefacts and the actual enthousiasm for heritage, new proceeding in conservation must be recommended. The study of ancient restoration and of its consequences upon objects drive the authors to propose a new approach of conservation. Traditionnal behaviours runing conservation-restoration are replaced by prevention as a global approach more able to analyse the causes of degradation and to ensure effective and durable care of collections
Fourcade, Maylis. "Conservation et restauration des estampes : une approche historique XVII, XVIII et XIXèmes siècles /." Paris : M. Fourcade, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35766763s.
Full textSimon, Laurent. "Recherche et optimisation d'outils temps-frequence adaptes a la mecanique et a l'acoustique." Le Mans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEMA1005.
Full textPuisay, Antoine. "La reproduction sexuée et asexuée des coraux face aux changements environnementaux : Implications pour la conservation et la restauration des récifs coralliens." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP030.
Full textClimate change and increasing temperature impact abundance and distribution of thousands of organisms, aquatic and terrestrial, and some ecosystems are particularly sensitive to these global changes. Increasing temperature is the principal threat for coral populations, which are ecological engineers of coral reef ecosystems. While research on coral reefs has first sought to study adult corals, data are still lacking on early life stages of corals. As sexual and asexual reproduction may play a key role in the conservation and restoration of coral reefs, my doctoral research aims to better understand changes on sexual and asexual reproduction in the face of rising temperature. The first axis of my Ph. D. was built on the response of early life stages to increasing temperature, in order to assess whether pre-exposure of early life may improve their ulterior performance. Among the different experiments performed on the genus Acropora, I highlighted 1) a high thermal tolerance (+2-3°C above ambient temperature) of gametes, 2) a higher sensibility of oocytes than sperm to rising temperature exposure, and 3) the pivotal role of gamete thermal history on fertilization output. Finally, I identified optimal pre-exposure conditions in order to maximize fertilization success. While an increasing interest in sexual reproduction was observed these last years, asexual reproduction and fragmentation still remain the main tool to restore damaged reefs. Thus, in the second axis of my doctoral project, I investigated the phenotypic plasticity of corals by growing 3 different species of corals across 3 different environments. Their growth rates, health status and survival probability were determined. Results from this axis showed that differences were observed at the interspecific and intraspecific levels. This work revealed that a selection based on phenotypic plasticity among different life-traits (growth rates and health status) and different environments should allow to increase coral reef restoration strategies. Hence the selection of individuals (asexual reproduction) in a species based on coral common garden experiment allow to identify individuals of interest to use as restoration biological materials. Additionally, thermal pre-conditioning of early life stages (sexual reproduction) is another way to increase efficiency of restoration measures in the face of rising temperature. My doctoral research provided new information regarding physiological and biological processes of scleractinian corals facing environmental changes and proposed new solutions for restorations based on sexual and/or asexual reproduction
Rousseau, David. "Découverte et mise en valeur des villas romaines des provinces occidentales de l'Empire : les sites antiques d'Europe et d'Afrique ouverts au public de la fin du XVIIIe au début du XXIe siècle." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010523.
Full textSadedghi, Hafshejani Abdollah. "Contribution à la protection et à la restauration du patrimoine bâti : conception et mise au point de techniques innovantes à partir de la synthèse d'apatites et du traitement in situ des matériaux par électro-consolidation." Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10292.
Full textDufour, Stéphane. "La mise en valeur culturelle des lieux de culte catholique et de leur mobilier liturgique : un paradigme de l'ambivalence culte et culture." Avignon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AVIG1039.
Full textHénaut, Léonie. "La restauration des œuvres de musées : transformation d'une activité et dynamique professionnelle." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA083595.
Full textHarchrasse, Mohamed. "Conservation et restauration des réserves biologiques du Maroc ; application à la gestion." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30029.
Full textBouyer, Eve. "La restauration non-illusionniste de la céramique :vers un protocole décisionnel." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/281415.
Full textSince the restoration of heritage is best known in its illusionist dimension, the research focuses on its lesser-known counterpart: non-illusionism, which corresponds to a desire to let the spectator detect the presence of restorations with the naked eye.This thesis includes the commented illustration of numerous case studies, which highlights the vastness of the range of visual possibilities for non-illusionist restoration of ceramics. Given the vastness of this range, choosing one of many visual options can be complex. Through the corpus of illustrated case studies, a historico-cultural perspective on practices and a critical approach of multiple parameters influencing decision-making, the purpose of this thesis is to help stakeholders establish a decision-making protocol, by helping them to be more aware of the ethical issues, the aesthetic impact and the cultural significance of their choices regarding restoration.
Doctorat en Art et Sciences de l'Art
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Biard, Sophie. "Les statues issues des fouilles de la Conservation d'Angkor ˸ conservation, restauration, et diffusion de 1908 à nos jours." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA019.
Full textNowadays, Angkorian statues are world renowned. Their fame being triggered in the early 20th century with the birth of archaeology, the creation of museums and the implementation of conservation and restoration techniques in Cambodia. These practices and structures spread throughout the country during the establishment of the French protectorate. This culminated in the creation of an institution of scientific research: The Ecole Française d’Extrême-Orient (EFEO) and its dependent Conservation d’Angkor created in 1908. The sculptures found in the ruins of Angkor temples were initially brought together, creating a corpus of deposits, in which artifacts were placed into various collections within the country and abroad. Following decolonization, responsibility for the collections was returned to Cambodia. This hand over was underpinned by the legacy of institutions created under the French protectorate, in particular the National Museum. At the same time, Cambodia arranged the sustainability of EFEO work in Angkor. The Civil War that afflicted the country in the late 70’s brutally interrupted the development of national and French institutions for the management of Cambodian heritage. The struggle to emerge from this conflict furthered the wide spread looting of many precious artefacts. Cambodia had to find solutions to prevent this ongoing problem, and to retrieve its stolen artworks. The country received International help to support post-conflict reconstruction. This assistance also involved in the field of heritage management of Angkor and its sculptures, and the creation of new venues for their exhibition. The change in the political landscape of Cambodia throughout the 20th and early 21th century has heavily influenced the evolution of conservation, restoration, and diffusion practices applied to Angkorian statues
Lavisci, Paolo. "Pathologies des structures en bois : analyse des caractéristiques physiques et mécaniques des collages structuraux pour la restauration des charpentes." Nancy 1, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2001_0196_LAVISCI.pdf.
Full textThe work is dedicated to the restoration of old timber structures. The scope is the analysis of physical and mechanical characteristics of structural glued joints, for the development of glues which are more "compatible" with wood and more performant. A bibliographic study describes the restoration techniques, the structural pathologies, the design and installation aspects. The research is finalised to the physical characteristics which are more relevant for design. The analysis is conducted with specifically-developed methodologies, for the description of significant causes and effects. Exploitation of results comprises: the definition of an objective "compatibility coefficient" between glue and wood ; a re-formulation of the Eurocode 5 design equation, with the integration of a "joint thickness" factor; an example of design and installation. The results are already being used by Mapei spa as a reference for formulation improvement, and are the basis for new standards (CEN/TC193/SC1)
Malservisi, Franca. "La restauration architecturale en France : deux siècles de pratique ordinaire." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS019S.
Full textThe history of architectural restoration is an area of history that so far has been studied only occasionally. This research project proposes to establish a history of restoration through the changes in practice in order to formulate hypotheses based on material transformations caused by restoration work. Our project includes seven case studies of monuments classified as Historic Monuments for which successive restorations have been studied on the basis of their classification until the 1980s. The monuments selected are buildings of small dimensions. This choice of examples enabled us to focus our attention on less studied buildings. These buildings reveal different aspects of restoration methods in a much clearer fashion than "great landmarks". The analysis of restoration work mainly covers two aspects. The first aspect, a more technical one, deals with the understanding and critical evaluation of restoration projects and their implementation. The second aspect is the point of view of the history of architecture, which makes it possible to describe the esthetic phenomenon, the meaning of changes, and their impact on the perception of a work of architecture. This study includes a chronological presentation of the different restoration projects studied, and then the recurrent problems are discussed in a transversal way. This research enabled us to highlight the strong continuity in the approach to the preservation and restoration of historic buildings and to shed light on the specific areas in which the changes in architectural design as well as cultural changes led to changes in restoration practices
Ollagnier, Céline. "De Kairouan (Tunisie) à Shahrisabz (Ouzbékistan), contribution à la sauvegarde des sources documentaires de l'humanité." Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30079.
Full textThe stake in this phD is to make a contribution to the protection of this part of the Cultural Heritage which Unesco appoints under the name of "Documentary Sources of Humanity". Before anything, let us specify that the research was developed from two major sites of the cultural heritage, registered on the UNESCO world Heritage List. The investigation concerns the preservation of a composite material of the past, the real "red thread" of our approach, architecture glazed ceramic. The work contains two parts : The first one concerns the re-creation of a metallic luster glazed ceramic, ceramic technique of which aimed at associating, during the same firing, on the same tile, metallic reflections of various colors, as it is the case for the chosen "reference": the metallic luster tiles of the mihrab of the Big Mosque Sidi Oqba in Kairouan (862-863 A. D. , Tunisia). The know-how to be preserved is exceptional and corresponds to one of the most complex and most brilliant inventions of medieval Islam. The second considers the problem of the preservation of a site threatened by the current climate change: 600 m2 of the glazed ceramic pavement of the ponds of Ak Saray, Timour palace, in Shahrisabz, near Samarcande in Uzbekistan, built between 1378 and 1405 A. D. The instruction of the conservation report, conveniently supported by the General Council of Dordogne and Unesco is about to be transformed into a program which will extend over three years. It already, gave the construction of a scientific data base, expertise and the creation of a prototype of "virtual museum" of the Timurid Culture (www. Culture-timouride. Com)
Macamo, Baltazar. "Conservation et valorisation du patrimoine sonore du Mozambique." Lyon 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO33025.
Full textThrough available bibliography and research in phonograms archives, in Mozambique, we studied the proper context of Mozambique's traditions. We questioned our sources about the anthropological knowledge transmitted through Mozambican songs and music. With that research we wish phonograms (records from 1953 to 1982) will become the subject of (future) library projects about the cultural history of Mozambique. This worked entailed, on the one hand, an internet based research on various studies on library systems in Europe and worldwide, and, on the other hand, an evaluation of the state of the non-books capital of Mozambique. We also tried to redraw the historical and cultural context of images and sound documents production for Mozambique. Referring to the organisation of images and phonograms, we came to raise the question of access to the multimedia capital of Mozambique. Without an autonomous and efficient system to communicate the contents stocked in archives deposits, it becomes difficult to promote the valorization of Mozambique's cultural and audiovisual heritage. The choice of modern storage media adaptable to the constant technologic evolution will facilitate the valorization of the archives. What relations can we establish between the social, economical and political dimensions of Mozambique and the state of sound (and multimedia) archives ? Perhaps the elaboration of a conservation and valorization system for Mozambique's sound and multimedia heritage should be integrated into development projects
Chevalier, Aurélia. "Comment concevoir un protocole d'application des technologies laser et nanogels pour la conservation/restauration des peintures sur toile." Paris, ENSAM, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENAM0035.
Full textThe research in conservation needs to bring together different and complementary expertises. An innovative method integrating lasers and nanogels is proposed for the conservation of easel paintings. This research takes advantage of the scientific approach of chemists and physicists who accepted to work in a collaborative way with art historians, curators and conservators. Such an innovation has paramount consequences in the traditional practice proper of the conservators and the profession may so be foreseen in a new perspective with industrial aspects. That's why the input of the Product Design and Innovation Laboratory (LCPI) of the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Métiers (ENSAM) was decisive for achieving an integrated method to a profession which may be characterised by a long term tradition applying techniques derived from artistic practices. The dissertation is divided in five chapters which are characteristic of the problematic of the present research work. In a first step, a synthetic documentation is brought to light to emphasize the traditional practices of the painting conservators, how the French collections emerged after the Renaissance and how the French Cultural heritage was formed. The second chapter described the research problematic, after presenting the questions asked by the classical means to extract the lining adhesives. Lasers and nanogels are then hypothetically proposed to replace in due time the mechanical (scalpel) and chemical (conventional gels) methods. The third chapter is so devoted to the definition of the methodological model, to the proposition of an experimental program able to end the deadlock in the removal of ancient lining products. This program is based on the knowledge of the laser-matter interactions and of the effective action of chemical gels on the various adhesives considered. The fourth chapter presents the experimental results and the interpretation is validated by several methods as holographic interferometry. The fifth and last chapter is the synthesis of our research, describes the innovative methodology based on a scientific model in order to remove the adhesives of ancient linings before any conservation work. This research is achieved inside a “Profession” process which leads to a controlled and reproducible protocol integrating innovative methods. This methodology takes care of the sustainable development, of the environmental considerations and does not forget the experienced eyes of the practitioners
Detry, Nicolas. "Le patrimoine martyr et la restauration post bellica : théories et pratiques de la restauration des monuments historiques en Europe pendant et après la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2120/document.
Full textRestoration of historical monuments after 1945 is based on the acceptance or the rejection of the drama of loss. I identified for major periods of restoration in Europe after WWII : 1939-1945; 1946-1972 ; 1973-1989 ; 1990-2015. In France, as opposed to Germany or Italy, historiography in architecture still does not deal much with the history of restoration post-bellica, ie with historical monuments destroyed during WWII and progressively restored afterwards. The historiographical task at hand is to study within different contexts (Germany, France, Italy, ex-Yugoslavia, etc) the practices of restoration once peace is back, ie the architectural intervention on the ruins produced by war. Although ferments of restoration (for both works of art and architecture) can be identified, in the current sense of the term, as early as the 1930’s, the discipline is going to mature under the impetus of the immense workshop of post-bellica restoration. Methods, techniques and theories, still valid today, are then produced and applied. My suggestion is that such a workshop can be considered as an European lab within which a kind of "invisible college" is at work, centered around a few major international experts. Architects, historians of art, superintendents, archeologists, natural and social scientists share their experiences and points of view. Research laboratories, universities, museums, churches, international organizations are involved from all over Europe. But Italy is at the heart of the « invisible college ». I have organized the analysis of the post bellica restoration around the question of "lacunes" (deficiency, gaps; shortcomings), first from a theoretical point of view. Then I imagined a new way, a typology of architectural shortcomings in order to explain a practical point of view and constructive comes after the repair or "reintegration of lacune (gap)". I identified different families of "lacune" (gaps) affecting older buildings caught in the war. It’s then possible to speak about "lacune" at different scales and regardless of the type of hit artefact. I wanted to guide the reader through the maze of post bellica restoration, with the "lacune" used as a red string. The hole or the fall of a fragment of plaster in a mural painting, the impact of machine gun in a stone facade, falling arches and a church structures, fractures in the rhythmic span of a facade the complete collapse of the nave and the apse of a church, the destruction of the urban fabric around a monument and the demolition of an old stone bridge are all shortcomings that make us react. That's faces these shortcomings, different each time, what post bellica restoration thought martyr heritage, subject of this thesis
Laforet, Anne. "La conservation du Net art au musée : les stratégies à l'oeuvre." Avignon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AVIG1070.
Full textThe preservation of net art requires the construction of a specific approach to look at internet artwork, one that takes into account its material dimension. It is central as preservation does not only deal with aesthetics, nor the way the audience experiences artworks. This research presents an overview of works created by and for the Internet. The choice of the artworks is dictated by preservation issues only. It is also an overview of the institutions (based in Europe and in North America) that have developped specific preservation strategies. It consists in case analysises, which stem from observations, readings, and interviews. This thesis looks into the interaction between preservation and the other functions of the museum (collection, exhibition, research). Preservation cannot be tackled independantly, because it deals with the artwork's life cycle within the museum. Every artwork has to be treated in its own way. The issue of notation also arises, as it's necessary to find ways to describe artworks, especially as their technological environments will eventually be obsolete. This research explores the ways to compensate for obsolescence : emulation, migration, score, re-interpretation, self-archiving, automatic archiving, etc (which can be also combined). The attention to net art work as a material socio-technical object means to find a way to look at those works : the code which composes the artwork, its different files and the way they are organized, what happens on the screen, the interactions between the artwork and the audience. The notions of code performativity and activation are thus useful. Preservation makes sense only when value is attributed to what is preserved. Two categories of actors outside the museum take part in this process : the art market and art critics and historians. Both influence and get influenced by the museum. All these elements allow the composition of a pluridisciplinar cartography on the topic of net art preservation
Laroque, Claude. "Les papiers transparents dans les collections patrimoniales : composition, fabrication, dégradation, conservation." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010594.
Full textDjigo, Adama. "Dynamiques et stratégies de conservation et de promotion du patrimoine culturel au Sénégal de l'administration coloniale à l'an 2000." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010533.
Full textOdiaua, Ishanlosen. "Les enjeux et les voies de la conservation et de la "patrimonalisation" des architectures anciennes du Mali et du Nigeria, Djenné, Kano, Sukur et Ushafa." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010668.
Full textMartinet, Gilles. "Grès et mortiers du temple d'Amon à Karnak, Haute-Egypte : étude des altérations, aide à la restauration." Tours, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOUR4001.
Full textJouves, Barbara. "La conservation et la restauration des tableaux des collections privées à Paris (1789-1870)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H070.
Full textConcerned about the conservation of their art collections, in the years between 1789 and 1870, Parisian amateurs called upon the services of painting restorers, who, at that time, belonged to a profession considered quite separate from that of art dealer, expert or even painter. While the restorer worked on paintings belonging to private collectors, he also acted as a guide for the latter, broadening their knowledge of Ŕ or even teaching them about Ŕ pictorial techniques. This understanding of the materiality of artworks gradually contributed to collectors being invited into museum committees as advisors, before they acquired a privileged status in museums, from the 1860s onwards, by bequeathing their collections
Radis, Petros. "L'architecture religieuse grecque et le temps : entretien, restaurations, transformations." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100178.
Full textSerain, Clément. "La conservation-restauration du patrimoine au regard des humanités numériques : enjeux techniques, sociocognitifs et politiques." Thesis, Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080048.
Full textWhilst acknowledging the mutations induced by digital technologies within cultural institutions, this thesis proposes to analyse the impact of these technologies in the particular field of conservation and restoration of museum collections. This work assumes that the discipline of conservation-restoration, far from being neutral, builds our understanding and perception of the materiality of cultural heritage objects. As a result, this thesis aims at demonstrating how communication and information technologies, used within the field of conservation-restoration, have a crucial role in the development of that understanding and perception, and how they guide our cognitive and sensory relation to the materiality of cultural objects. Moreover, in the framework of digital humanities, this work also aims at studying how digital tools can adapt to conservation-restoration purposes on the one hand, while reconfiguring how we conceive the very notions of conservation, restoration, materiality, transmission and cultural heritage on the other hand. In this perspective, this thesis also deals with the way digital technologies contribute to the sharing of knowledge and to a new sensory apprehension of the materiality of cultural objects for a wider public than that of conservation-restoration specialists alone
Schmitt, Camille. "Conservation traditionnelle des calligraphies et des peintures chinoises montées en rouleaux, à partir des textes de la dynastie Ming (1367-1644)." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040175.
Full textThe conservation of Chinese scrolls starts with the full comprehension of the picture and its mounting material : paper, silk, adhesives, ink, colours with studied through the Ming dynasty texts. It points out the conservative preoccupation of the mounters. The study of the of the Ming mounting through the Ming texts shows that the vocabulary and aesthetics in mounting take their roots in the dynasty. Damaged scrolls only are to be remounted, and the restorer uses a treatment similar as a medicine. But the Chinese notion of conservation still enhance the uses of preventive methods, such as the precaution taken when opening and closing a scroll, exhibiting, and storing them, which are of the collector's responsibility
Buisson, Olivier. "Analyse de séquence d'images haute résolution : application à la restauration numérique de films cinématographiques." La Rochelle, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LAROS016.
Full textFlorent-Goudouneix, Yvette. "Détérioration et conservation des opus sectile du littoral adriatique nord italien." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010551.
Full textA study of the damage sustained over the centuries can only be carried out by studying the remaining opus sectile. It is facilited by a knowledge of how the damage occured: natural, accidental, directly or indirec tly caused by man. It is obvious that since their fabrication it has been necessary to maintin their primary functional and decorative use due to the absence of documentation on these works until recently, a close examination of each design is required. Different periods of intervention can be identified: up to the 19th century "repairs" were performed without great care, exarcerbing or even creating new damage. During the 19th cent, attemps were made to recreate antiquity by "restoration" using concrete. Since about 40 years new knowledge of physic, chimistry and material, respect to the remaining parts, although they might not be original "conserve" the designs without additions or substractions the work is performed to prevent future damage while retaining the original appearance. Figures, graphics, plans are added with a research on the origin of the substitute material and laboratory examination. The conclusion includes all the existing conservation technics and an appraisal of the difficulties associated with their use
Trinh, Eric. "De la numérisation à la consultation des documents anciens : élaboration de procédures de numérisation, de traitements de restauration et proposition d’une plateforme de consultation." Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ISAL0012.
Full textThis thesis work which lays within the scope of two projects, European project DEBORA and industrial project BookRestorer, enable us to consider the digitization of collections as a whole, from image acquisition to their consultation by the end-user and thus to apprehend the problematic of digitizing with a global vision. The work, which was undertaken, initially consisted in analyzing methods and ways to implement the digitization of old books of the XVIth century. Then within the framework of BookRestorer, we developed a set of treatments for the restoration of digitized images, such as corrections of defects related to the devices of digitization (like the variation of lighting or the fingers masking) and related to geometrical corrections procedures. We finally proposed, within the framework of DEBORA, a platform of consultation dedicated to digitized books in image form based on a format adapted to a collaborative work
Lemaitre, Capucine. "La découverte, la restauration et la sauvegarde des mosai͏̈ques antiques en France au XIXème siècle." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20046.
Full textAssociated with the notion of national antiquities and " historical monument ", the history of the conservation of antique mosaics comes within the framework of the patrimonial universe in the 19th century. The discipline progresses from the " 1er Empire " to the First World War, within multiple policies of conservation conducted by national museums, the Commission of historical monuments and local erudition nets. Italy has given the first models of restored mosaics on which antiquarians and architects based their conception of the Antiquity. Birthplace of roman and venitian schools of mosaic, Italy provided France with practitioners who brought their artistic skills as well as their restoration technics. Thus, they allowed France to pass on its ancient heritage to future generations. The restoration as a mirror of an emerging doctrine and subject to archeological knowledge disparities and different cultural policies of the moment, is characterized by a multitude of choices and results. It begins with a complete and idealized restitution of antique work and progresses towards a limited intervention so as to preserve the integrity of the archeological proof
Frappat, Marie. "L'invention de la restauration des films." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA149.
Full textThe word “restoration” has not always been applied to film. This Ph.D. traces back the origins of that notion and the evolution of curatorial practices dealing with old films, starting with the first critic and historiographic rehabilitation campaigns in the 1920ies and ending when the word “restoration” is commonly accepted in the 1980ies at the time of the celebration of the ninetieth birthday of cinema. These practices – repairing, renovating, duplicating, preserving, compiling, reediting, creating sound versions, reconstituting, reconstructing – rely on two contradictory urges: a quest for the original, and a necessary adaptation to a new cultural and technological background. Both local and international, these practices stand at the crossing between numerous types of discourses (such as institutional, political, critical discourses) and they are due to different kinds of people (technicians, archivists, curators, producers, distributors, film directors, historians, and in later days film restorers). Technical as well as editorial, these practices are at the heart of film history. Film restoration may be the last step in the legitimizing process of cinema as an art form. It produces works of art that aim to be protected and materially reinterpreted so that they can be presented to a new audience
Barrau-Agudo, Caroline de. "Notre-Dame de Rodez : architecture et sculpture (13°- 16° siècle) : nouvelles recherches sur l'histoire artistique d'une cathédrale." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20048.
Full textBuilding work started on the Gothic cathedral of Rodez (in the Midi-Pyrénées, département of the Aveyron) in 1277 and it was finally finished in the sixteenth century. The chronology of its construction is well documented and has been studied since the nineteenth century onwards. Neverthelesss, a careful rereading of the monument has been undertaken in order to check, update, and if necessary correct the received facts. This monographic study has taken a pluridisciplinary approach calling on a renewed methodology. The sculpture and architecture of both medieval and modern building stages have been studied from the angle of archaeology (architectural analysis, study of the building, an excavation campaign), from study of archival resources (both local and national collections, and from the medieval period up to the present day), and from a historic and stylistic study. The aim has been to formulate new observations on the artistic history of the monument. Volume I (text) contains three chapters. The first chapter allows one to place the building in its historic context: presentation of the town, history and chronology of the site and of earlier buildings upon it, modern history (the Reformation period, the Ancien Régime, the Revolution period), and recent restoration work on the building. The second chapter presents a chronological and stylistic rereading of the building from the thirteenth to the sixteenth century; architectural and sculptural characteristics are brought into prominence, as is the history of the various stages of construction, all this based upon new data. The third chapter presents in a totally new manner the funerary topography of the cathedral, considering all the statuary production in relation to this theme. Volume II of this thesis contains a list of sources, the bibliography, and the appendices. Volume III contains a catalogue of works, and Volume IV contains the illustrations
Serrau, Andrea. "Style : théorie et pratique dans le œuvre de Viollet-le-Duc." Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPHE4024.
Full textViollet-le-Duc accounts “style” as «the expression of an ideal, founded on a principle» in which principle embodies the principle of order of the structure. The latter must aswer directly to the Law of “units” that must always be respected in the design of the architecture. Starting from this central crux of the mindset of Viollet-le-Duc, this research has the goal of exploring the links between theory and practice in the work of Viollet-le-Duc, in which the “style” marks a constant thread, arising as a possible intepretation of this starring figure in the history of architecture and restoration of the nineteenth century. The research project focuses on a new reading of both published and unpublished documents, in addition to a careful bibliographical and documentary survey and a direct study of architectures. The examination of the archive is dedicated to the systematic analysis of the original drawings of projects and to the technical connections among the works of Viollet-le-Duc. Starting from this first investigation, two case-studies emerged as especially significant under the elected subject matter: the restoration project of the Madeleine a Vezelay church (1840-1859) and the work of the Maison Milon in rue Douai a Paris (1857-1860). Through the simultaneous work of analysis of the case-studies and the writing of Viollet-le-Duc, they tried to verify the possible correlations between theory and operational practise, comparing the projects to both the theoretical works and the tangible evidence of the buildings
Ravaud, Elisabeth. "La radiographie des peintures : apport en histoire de l'art, en histoire des techniques et en conservation-restauration." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010513.
Full textGourmelon, Véronique. "Formations végétales et diversité microbienne des substrats ultramafiques en Nouvelle-Calédonie, implication pour la conservation et la restauration écologique." Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NCAL0009/document.
Full textSoil bacteria and fungi play different functions in terrestrial ecosystems. They are implicated in soil formations, aggregate stability, and plant succession. New Caledonia is a subtropical archipelago, classified as a biodiverse hotspot and a third of its surface is covered by ultramafic soils. These soils are characterised by low concentrations of nutrients (N, K, P) and high concentrations of heavy metals (Ni, Co, Cr, Mn). Ecosystems present in these soils are origina and diversified but strongly threatened by mining activity. It is a necessity to restore these ecosystems after ore exploitation. However, to correctly restorethese environments and relaunch plant dynamics, it is important to identify the microbial communities associated with these ecosystems as well as the structuring factors.This research enabled us to improve our knowledge of microbial communities from different ecosystems on New Caledonian ultramafic substrates, as well as the interactions which exist between these microorganisms and biotic and abiotic factors. Results obtained showed that each plant formation and each site possessed its own microbial community,hence the interest in conserving and protecting New Caledonian ecosystems. Moreover, these works also showed the capacity of bacterial and fungal communities to be used as bioindicators, and more particularly fungal communities which are more sensitive to disturbance and plant cover variations. It has also been demonstrated that in monospecific maquis and rainforests, ectomycorrhizal communities have similar functions in the production of degradative enzymes of organic matter. This research improved understanding of microbial communities associated with plant formations on ultramafic substrates as well as structuring factors. This should improve the implementation of future restoration projectson these ecosystems
Auduc, Arlette. "Le service des monuments historiques de 1830 à 1940." Paris, EPHE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPHE4065.
Full textFrom 1830 to 1840 is built an original old monuments protection system, placed under the control of the State which assigns to these monuments an essential political role in the construction of a unified national memory. The thesis studies the doctrine of protection and conservation of the historic buildings, the installation of an administration with its central organization, its “scientific” personnel (general inspectors, commission of the historic buildings) and technique personnel (architects), the construction of a true right of the inheritance as well as the resources available to the service to conclude its missions. That around a few key moments: difficult years of training, the years 1880-1890 which see the first structuring of the service, the law of separation of the Church and the State (1905) which requires a complete reorganization, which transforms the doctrines of conservation and which leads to the law of December 31, 1913, then the inter-war period after the damage of the war and the controversies which followed it. But this evolution is not completely linear. Are also approached resistances and failures in length and progressive process of increase in capacities in the State what obliges to study the relations with the learned societies, the elected officials (local and national), the private owners and to examine the policies which one does not name yet patrimonial of the various political regimens which follow one another between 1830 and 1940
Bidaud, Camille. "La doctrine des Monuments historiques en France d'après Paul Léon (1874-1962)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC2205/document.
Full textGuided by the hypothesis that the doctrine of Historic Monuments - between theoretical positions, subjective assessments and opportunistic arbitrations - has been the blind spot in restoration in France since the end of the 19th century, the objective of this doctoral thesis is to reopen this issue, based on the texts and decisions of Paul Léon (1874-1962), the main head of the historic monuments Department in the interwar period. Although his role is, today, often forgotten. In fact, Paul Léon has had an exemplary career at the Fine-Arts. He was head of the Historic Monuments Department from 1907 to 1932, a member of the Commission from 1907 to 1962 and Director of Fine Arts from 1919 to 1932. He is also the historiographer of the Department.Through his many writings, he was the main author of the propaganda of the historic monuments Department during the first half of the 20th century. Paul Leon justifies the practices by creating a theoretical framework for them without clearly stating the doctrine, without this being felt. The study of these texts, remarkable for their coherence and chronological distribution, reveals the continuity of the underlying doctrinal elements and allows to observe their effects on the work carried out.It is therefore also necessary to question the practice led by Paul Léon, through the architectural analysis of completed projects as three flagship restorations of the period —Saint-Remi de Reims, the Flemish squares of Arras and the Papal Palace in Avignon—, which makes possible to understand the practices of the Department. This analysis also allows to observe the points of consistency and omissions in Paul Léon's texts and the influence of practice on speeches
Joyeux, Laurent. "Reconstruction de séquences d'images haute résolution : application à la restauration de films cinématographiques." La Rochelle, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LAROS042.
Full textAl, Zoabi Mouhammad Kheir. "Le papier en Syrie ottomane à partir du fonds des archives de Damas : une étude historique, analyse, restauration et conservation." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE4005/document.
Full textThis thesis presents a historical study: the appearance of the paper in the Middle East. Identification of paper mills manufacturing centers of this region, the different methodologies identified, drawn from ancient Arabic sources. An analytical study: analysis of subjects in the firmans Aleppo containing several topics dealing with political, economic, religious, military and social life of the city. These subjects give us a clearer and real idea of what happened in this region and more broadly in the Ottoman Empire. A technical study paper watermarks Ottoman collections housed at the center of Damascus archives: in order almost constant, papermakers west have applied to sign their production using a registered trademark implicit in the sheet manufacture. This brand is expressed through drawing of a figure or letters, is something of the sign in the paper. Preventive conservation solutions for climate monitoring and awareness of various stakeholders: researchers, managers and players on good consultation practices. Curative conservation solutions are offered by the use of methods restorations internationally recognized and the creation of a type of conservation economically and technically binding transposable Syria country where the craft is away
Kerouanton, Jean-Louis. "Investissement religieux et architecture en Maine-et-Loire : 1840-1940 : les églises paroissiales." Rennes 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN20019.
Full textThe rebuilding of parish churches is a phenomenon which particularly affects the west of France in the XIXth century. More than two third of Maine-et-Loire parishes, which confuse with Angers'diocese, are concerned by this rebuilding between 1840 and 1940. But it's in fact nearly the whole territory which is concerned all those works realised. This study, realised thanks to catalogue published by each parish, applies not only to the most important and large works campaigns but also to the most modest such as repairing or expansions. Then different actors, priests and architects, " fabriques ", towns, state, intervene with their complementarities or their oppositions. The geography taking shape not only takes care of the practical and religious attitudes, with a traditional eastern and western dichotomy in Maine-et- Loire. The geography leads up to a different logic which is more adapted to public and council equipments, answering to the population needs
Bacha, Myriam. "Le patrimoine monumental en Tunisie pendant le protectorat, 1881-1914 : étudier, sauvegarder, faire connaître." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040060.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to retrace the history of architectural heritage in Tunisia at the beginning of the French Protectorate. Two main leads will be followed: firstly, the history of French institutions, created in order to save historic monuments and secondly, the way the French civil service, scientific societies and writers helped to introduce this heritage. This study points out the importance of the Bureau du Secrétariat et de la Comptabilité in the creation of The Tunisian heritage societies. Thanks to Xavier Charmes, director of this office – a direct competitor of the Historic Monument Department – both the Department of Antiquities and Arts, and the museum of the Bardo, were created, and the decree of the 7 March 1886 was promulgated. Successively, Heads of the Antiquity department, René de la Blanchère, Paul Gauckler and Alfred Merlin started protecting first, the relics of Antiquity and then, Muslim monuments, by promulgating decrees to classify them as Historic Monuments. To achieve their goal, they organised archaeological research and revealed the existence of numerous sites such as the ones of Dougga, Carthage and Sbeïtla. Gauckler and Merlin also initiated a restoration programme to save Punic, Roman and Byzantine ruins as well as Muslim heritage. At the same time, the scientific societies helped to raise interest in this heritage and to broaden the concept of heritage, which by 1914, not only meant the relics of Antiquity, but urban architecture and natural sites as well