Journal articles: 'Retail Format'

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Swoboda, Bernhard, Bettina Berg, and Dan-Cristian Dabija. "International transfer and perception of retail formats." International Marketing Review 31, no. 2 (April 8, 2014): 155–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-11-2012-0190.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the important but neglected role of retail formats in the transfer and positioning decisions of international retailers. The paper examines the role of core and country-specific attributes of particular formats in determining retailers’ local positioning in inter-format competition. Design/methodology/approach – Focussing on three distinguished grocery formats (i.e. discounters, supermarkets, and hypermarkets) and using multiple-group structural equation models, the authors conducted consumer surveys in Germany and Romania to evaluate consumer perceptions of the core attributes of those formats and their influence on retail brand equity and consumer loyalty. Findings – Although consumer perceptions of core attributes differ between formats in Germany and Romania, most of the core attributes of the formats affect retail brands with equal strength in both markets. Retail brand equity determines loyalty to all formats in both countries. Research limitations/implications – Retailers transferring their formats to foreign countries should place particular emphasis on managing the core attributes of a specific format, as these attributes are of paramount importance in establishing a strong brand. Additional country-specific attributes are also relevant to varying extents, depending on the particular format that is used. Assessing causal relationships extends retailer knowledge of the role of format attributes. Originality/value – This study proposes a format-specific approach that is novel to international retailing research. The country comparison strengthens the study's implications, considers both a developed and an emerging economy, and accounts for the preference of Western European retailers to expand into Eastern European countries. The paper concludes that format transfer and positioning decisions occur within the boundaries of core format attributes.

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TSAREGORODTSEVA, SVETLANA R., and NATALIA A. PANKRATIEVA. "MULTI-FORMAT RETAIL - WHAT ARE THE FORMATS OF MODERN STORES." Scientific Works of the Free Economic Society of Russia 232, no. 6 (2021): 240–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.38197/2072-2060-2021-232-6-240-253.

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At the moment, modern retail chains operate in various formats. Our Russian entrepreneurs have learned a lot from foreign networks, adopting their experience, technologies and strategies. For example, such formats of retail stores as outlets, malls, boutiques, discount centers, showrooms, hypermarkets, supermarkets, being a foreign product, have successfully taken root and work on the Russian market, including in Yekaterinburg. Retail formats are developing all over the world according to the same logic, and the Russian retail market repeats their experience. Along with this, we should note the tendency to replace traditional trade formats with more modern ones, as well as the desire to create multi-format retail networks. This makes them more flexible, allows them to make more purchases, increase the share of their own brands, and maintain customer loyalty by satisfying their various requests.

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Botschen, Guenther, and Philipp K. Wegerer. "Brand-driven retail format innovation: a conceptual framework." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 45, no. 7/8 (July 10, 2017): 874–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-10-2016-0181.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to engage in the research gap regarding the missing link between retail innovation and branding by providing a brand-driven process to systematically develop retail format innovation projects. The so-called “Brand-driven Retail Format Innovation” (BRFI) approach provides a structured three-phase model that serves as a conceptual guide for the development of any type of retail format. Design/methodology/approach Longitudinal collaborative action research over a time span of 20 years plus extended case study research to develop the current BRFI approach. Findings BRFI is a circular three-phase framework, which integrates branding, and retail format innovation. It starts with the definition of the intended retail brand identity, which in phase 2 becomes translated into concrete touchpoint experiences along the main constituents of a retail format, finally during phase 3 materializing into the new retail format. A case study of a major food retailer is prototypically used to illustrate the application of the designed approach and to report achieved results. Research limitations/implications Brand-driven retail format development based on translating socio-cultural meanings into touchpoint experiences to materialize format constituents is opening up new research avenues to govern retail format development. At present the approach is based on retail and services case studies in Western Austria. Practical implications The three-phase model represents a practical tool for retail managers, who want to renew and to develop their retail format in a structured way. The approach is applicable to all retail industries from small- to large-scale organizations as well as online and offline environments. Originality/value This is the first study engaging in the missing link regarding retail innovation and branding by providing a brand-driven process to systematically develop retail format innovation projects. BRFI locks into anthropological research findings where cultural meanings are considered as the main source for the construction of brand identities whereby the new retail format is transformed around brand-derived touchpoint experiences.

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L. Hess Jr, Ronald, and Lawrence Ring. "Off-price versus price-off." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 42, no. 10 (October 7, 2014): 902–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-02-2013-0038.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to better understand the unique competitive positioning characteristics of off-price retailers and how they compare to other types of retailers. The authors compare off-price and upscale off-price retailers with four major formats of retailers: first, discount department store/warehouse club retailers; second, moderate department store retailers; third, department store retailers; and finally, specialty department store retailers. Design/methodology/approach – The paper employs a representative sample that was randomly drawn from four primary metropolitan cities in the USA. The data were collected using telephone interviews by a prominent, marketing research firm. A series of discriminant analyses were conducted to examine the data. Findings – The findings of the paper indicate that the off-price formats were consistently positioned at extreme points along the price/value continuum, signifying the strongest value-orientation among the other retail formats. The authors also found that while the upscale off-price format followed the specialty department stores in terms of fashion. The results point to an important disadvantage of the off-price format – although strong on price/value, they often fall short on fashion and many other store attributes that may be important to luxury-oriented customers. Research limitations/implications – The paper employed a sample from several cities collected using a telephone interview methodology within the US. Due to these limitations, the findings of this paper may be hampered by this methodology and not generalize to regions outside of the US. Future research should examine how the demise of most of the upscale off-price retailers and growth of flash web sites have changed the competitive structure of retailing. Practical implications – The results demonstrate that the positioning of the off-price retail format is unique from other formats. The retail formats occupy distinct positions. The off-price retail format is strongly associated with the price/value position but only moderately fashionable to customers, especially when compared with the department and specialty department store formats. In contrast, the upscale off-price format, while also strongly positioned along the price/value continuum, is considered much more fashionable than the off-price retail format. In fact, the upscale off-price retail format only trails the specialty department store format in terms of fashion. Originality/value – The unique characteristics of the off-price retail format and growing interest from upscale department stores underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of the motives of the off-price shopper. This paper provides retailers with a more complete understanding of the store attributes that differentiate the off-price retail format from other major retail store formats. The overall objective of this study is to offer a comprehensive view of the positioning of off-price retailers compared with many alternative retail formats.

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Rudawska, Edyta Dorota, and Katarzyna Bilinska-Reformat. "The development of food retail formats – evidence from Poland." British Food Journal 120, no. 2 (February 5, 2018): 309–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-02-2017-0064.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: to identify and assess the direction of development of food retail formats in Poland under the influence of a changing business environment; and to identify the key challenges that food retail companies in Poland face nowadays. Design/methodology/approach The approach in this paper is a systematic literature review of publications in the Web of Science, Ebsco and Pro-Quest electronic databases from 1990 (from the emergence of large-scale foreign chains in the Polish market) to 2016, as well as the results of research carried out by Polish and international research centers, food retailer groups and institutes. The paper is based on the analysis of secondary data that present the results of research carried out on the Polish food retailing market. These analyses included the development of food retailing formats operating in Poland. Findings According to the research results analyzed, the evolution of retail formats is an embodiment of innovations introduced by retail companies and is based on the mutual permeation of elements previously associated with a specific retail format. Currently, the blurring of differences between individual retail formats can be observed in respect of two formats in particular, i.e. discount and delicatessen. The discount format occupies a special position on the Polish market, though it differs significantly from a “classical” discount. In discount stores so-called premium group products can be purchased, with stores more and more frequently being located in expensive places, e.g. in shopping centers or in their vicinity. At the same time, the popularity of convenience stores is increasing with a simultaneous decrease in the significance of large-format stores. Originality/value This paper provides interesting insights into the development of food retailing formats in Poland and the influence of changes in the business environment in that process. In addition, the paper describes the specifics of the Polish market, detailing literature-based theories pertaining to the development of retailing forms. It also focuses on the perspectives and directions in the future development of retail formats.

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Egan-Wyer, Carys Jane, Steve Burt, Jens Hultman, Ulf Johansson, Alice Beckman, and Clara Michélsen. "Ease or excitement? Exploring how concept stores contribute to a retail portfolio." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 49, no. 7 (May 31, 2021): 1025–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-10-2020-0407.

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PurposeThe study aims to explore how concept stores (theoretically) differ from other experience-based retail formats, and hence, how they (practically) contribute to a diversified retail store portfolio.Design/methodology/approachCase study based on semi-structured, qualitative interviews with seven IKEA retail managers, three industry experts and 26 customers of IKEA concept stores in London and Stockholm.FindingsThe concept store represents a conceptual departure from other experiential store formats. It is neither fully experiential in the sense that it is not only about marketing communications nor is it sales or profit-focused. Its aim is to be an accessible touchpoint that reduces friction on a diversified customer journey with its value to the retail portfolio being that it attracts new and latent customers, mitigates existing inhibiting factors and drives them to other touchpoints.Research limitations/implicationsIdeas about the different characteristics of new store formats and their potential to shape the customer experience are extended. New formats reflect innovation in retailing and are part of a retail portfolio which generates different customer expectations and determinants from traditional store formats which provide the customers' existing reference point.Practical implicationsThe contributions of new formats should be evaluated in light of other existing formats in the portfolio and not isolated. This is particularly true when considering format cannibalisation and the potentially extended customer journey that arises when customers use traditional format stores and new concept format stores simultaneously.Originality/valuePrevious research, using sales metrics and market-based results as performance determinants, suggests negative outcomes for format diversification. Our study suggests that the contributions of the concept store format should be viewed from an overall customer journey perspective and the “performance” of different format based touchpoints are not best captured through traditional sales evaluation methods.

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Connor, John M. "Evolving Research on Price Competition in the Grocery Retailing Industry: An Appraisal." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 28, no. 2 (October 1999): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106828050000811x.

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With the end of the Supermarket Revolution in the 1970s, new forms of horizontal, vertical, and geographic competition have appeared to challenge the supremacy of the supermarket format. New retail formats like warehouse stores, supercenters, and fast-food outlets appear to affect local retail supermarket prices. Slotting allowances, coupons, and electronic data gathering have intensified retailer-manufacturer rivalry. Foreign direct investment offers the promise of new European-style management styles in U.S. grocery retailing.

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Gauri, Dinesh K. "Benchmarking Retail Productivity Considering Retail Pricing and Format Strategy." Journal of Retailing 89, no. 1 (March 2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2012.09.001.

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Kumar Shandilya, Abhinav, and Praveen Srivastava. "The Attitude of Consumers towards Organised Food Retailing: An Application of Attitude-towards-Object Model." Atna Journal of Tourism Studies 6, no. 1 (August 14, 2021): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12727/ajts.6.7.

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Organised retail sector is booming in metros, cities and now even in small towns; and organised food retailing is one of the fastest growing sector among them. The different types of food retail formats have its own characteristics, focus and target market. The customer or consumer has their own criteria to select a particular food retail format. The selection is based on the attitude of the customer or consumer towards the attribute of the retail format. There are many model to find the attitude of customer or consumer towards any product, service and brands. This study is an attempt to find out the customer's or consumer's attitude towards three major food retailing formats i.e Big Bazaar, a hypermarket; Reliance Fresh, a convenience store and Suvidha, a supermarket.

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Dimitrova, Boryana V., Saejoon Kim, Brent Smith, and Junhee Kim. "Store Format Diversification, Customer Orientation and the Performance of Foreign Retailers." Multidisciplinary Business Review 14, no. 2 (September 17, 2021): 60–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.35692/07183992.14.2.7.

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Foreign retailers contend with unrelenting challenges to discover and resolve issues affecting their performance in different host country markets. These retailers bear some wealth of international experience and also some liabil-ity of foreignness. Accordingly, managers of foreign retailers must enact strategic decisions that will position their businesses in order to be competitive and profitable. In this study, the authors examine two generally overlooked fac-tors —degree of store format diversification and customer orientation— relating to improved foreign retailer per-formance. The authors also investigate the potential moderating effects of three host country characteristics —retail modernization, collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance— on this relationship. Based on the 2001-2015 panel data for 24 international retailers, results for main effects indicate that foreign retailer performance is influenced nega-tively by store format diversification and positively by customer orientation. These effects are moderated by host country retail modernization, collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance. In particular, host country retail modernization reverses, from negative to positive, the influence of store format diversification on foreign retailer performance. Fur-thermore, both collectivism and uncertainty avoidance strengthen the positive influence of customer orientation on foreign retailer performance. Finally, uncertainty avoidance strengthens the negative influence of store format diver-sification on foreign retailer performance.

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Willems, Kim, Sara Leroi-Werelds, and Gilbert Swinnen. "The impact of customer value types on customer outcomes for different retail formats." Journal of Service Management 27, no. 4 (August 15, 2016): 591–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/josm-11-2015-0364.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to profile grocery retailers in terms of seven value types based on Holbrook’s value typology; to link these value types to three key outcomes (i.e. satisfaction, repurchase intention, and word-of-mouth); and to evaluate the impact of the retail format on performance and importance of the seven value types. Design/methodology/approach – For each retail format, the authors administered a consumer survey, resulting in an aggregate sample of 392 respondents. The authors used partial least squares structural equations modeling to test the relationships between the value types and key outcomes (i.e. importance) and ANOVAs to examine cross-format differences between latent variable scores of the value types (i.e. performance). Findings – The three retail formats included in the study perform differently on Holbrook’s value types (e.g. non-discounters excel in terms of aesthetic value and play, compared to hard and soft discounters). Furthermore, this study reveals that the strategic importance of each value type depends on the key outcome (e.g. whereas efficiency is the main source of satisfaction, play mainly drives the other two outcomes). Research limitations/implications – The authors randomly assigned respondents to one of the three retail formats irrespective of their personal preference or patronage. To conduct value-based segmentation, respondents should evaluate either their preferred format or all supermarkets. Practical implications – This study offers positioning advice to retail managers, according to their format and strategic objectives. Originality/value – Unlike previous research, this paper provides a cross-format comparison of retailers based on a three-dimensional value typology and its key outcomes.

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Tang, Chonghao. "Cost Management of Retail Enterprises under the New Retail Format." Modern Management Forum 5, no. 1 (April 10, 2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/mmf.v5i1.3172.

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With the acceleration of the digitalization process, new retail is also emerging. With its convenient and flexible operation mode, new retail has become the trend of the current traditional retail industry transformation, and it is an inevitable choice for retail enterprises to achieve sustainable and healthy development. Based on the actual situation, this article analyzes some cost management problems which new retail enterprises are facing, and then proposes corresponding solutions to provide reference suggestions for the development of new retail enterprises.

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Marques, Susana Henriques, and Maria Santos. "Store Format Influence on Customer Perception of the Store Environment." International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics 1, no. 4 (October 2012): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabe.2012100102.

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This study compares client perceptions of the global in-store environment applied to different retail store formats. Literature has shown that certain store attributes are important strategic differentiation tools for grocery retailers. A retail atmosphere can lead to success or failure of a business. Previous studies have neglected the current trend to the coexistence of different retail formats, under different brands but within the same organization. In these cases, a multi-banner company needs to customize the atmosphere to its customers in order to gain attention. This research is about the influence of the store format on the servicescape of the grocery retail stores. A survey was conducted of 302 hyper and supermarket customers. A range of atmospherics variables were considered, including some less studied, such as temperature and cleanliness. The results show that all the dependent variables are sensitive to store format, except cleanliness.

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Rousey, Sarah P., and Michelle A. Morganosky. "Retail format change in US markets." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 24, no. 3 (April 1996): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09590559610147883.

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Willans, John. "Department stores: An enduring retail format." Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal 1, no. 2 (January 1997): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb022495.

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Duvenhage, Amanda, and André Kruger. "Retail format selection: Occupancy cost and profitability." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 10, no. 2 (November 6, 2017): 356–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v10i2.21.

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Retail property management teams neglect the influence of occupancy costs and the resultant profitability of different retail formats when assessing their decision to expand. The aim of this research was to provide an easy-to-understand profitability equation for shopping centres and stand-alone outlets to guide retail property management teams in their decision-making process. A quantitative study, using secondary data obtained from a single retailing group and analysed using a simplified profitability formula, was conducted. The research endeavoured to determine the influence of rent on profitability to provide financial guidance to property management teams when benchmarking different retail formats. This included an investigation into the relationship between size and rent value besides the comparison of the profitability of different retail formats. Although financial considerations form an important part of the decision-making process, retail property management teams should continue to combine the results of financial benchmarking with consumer preferences to achieve optimum results.

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A. Ingene, Charles. "Retail evolution." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 6, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 279–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-12-2013-0067.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to enhance students’ ability to use theory to assess facts logically and creatively. To achieve this end, the author explicates the evolution of retailing from its pre-industrial genesis to its Internet descendants in a historically based retail strategy class that investigates the determinants of new retail formats (major retail innovations – MRIs) over a > 200 year span. MRIs entail a major reconfiguration of the retail mix (i.e. price, product, place, promotion and personnel) , take significant business from existing formats that sell the same goods, generate greater benefits to customers than do rival formats and are widely imitated. Design/methodology/approach – The author chronologically presents how the industrial revolution generated major environmental changes that facilitated a creative and highly effective re-organization of the retail mix. Findings – Changes in environmental factors (e.g. mass production, transportation, location of population and communication) made possible retail formats that could not have existed earlier. Research limitations/implications – The course is based on two theories that are linked by the retail mix; one theory relates to consumer store choice, while the other relates to the minimum market size required for a retail format to be viable. To illustrate, more personnel raises service, drawing customers from rivals while raising costs; higher costs raise the needed market size. Originality/value – All six MRIs are derived from the two aforementioned theories. Experience indicates these theories are valid for assessing retailing at all stages of economic development. The course is based on the authors own material.

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M., Geetha, and Gitanjali Naidu. "Attributes and retail format preference for branded pulses." South Asian Journal of Global Business Research 3, no. 2 (July 29, 2014): 190–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sajgbr-11-2012-0131.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the attribute preferences of buyers of branded pulses and to study the differences in preferences between consumers who purchase from traditional retail stores and those who purchase from modern retail stores. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 300 respondents (150 respondents from traditional and 150 respondents from modern retail outlet) participated in the study. Conjoint analysis was used to assess the consumers’ attribute preferences for branded pulses. Findings – For both traditional and modern retail outlets, profile with highest utility was the profile with established brand, low price, high quality and normal packaging. Research limitations/implications – Shoppers of traditional and modern retail outlets have similar attribute preferences for branded pulses. Hence, it can be concluded that the purchase point makes no difference in consumer attribute preferences. Practical implications – Results indicate that in both traditional and modern retail outlet customers prefer the same profile of attributes. Two important attributes determining their purchase are also the same. Hence a company entering into the sale of branded pulses will have to focus on these two important attributes irrespective of the purchase point. Originality/value – The topic is relatively less researched in emerging markets especially where both branded pulses and organized retail are in their nascent stages.

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K.Aparna, P. Murali Krishna, and V. Satish Kumar. "ANALYSIS OF RETAIL MIX STRATEGIES: A SPECIAL FOCUS ON MODERN RETAIL FORMATS." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, no. 5 (February 27, 2020): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i5.2018.228.

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A shopper usually comes across many retailers in the market place, each having its own overall product offering. One retailer may be attracting customers due to its unbeatable location and visibility, other on the basis of discounted prices, someone on the basis of variety of merchandise or specialised product offering. If small retailers promise to offer the convenience of fulfilling the daily needs at your doorstep, the big retailers promise to offer better value in terms of competitive pricing and convenience of making all products available under the same roof. Then online retailers are trying to outsmart conventional retailers by killing time and distance constraints. Thus, it is seen that retail market place has become very competitive and challenging over a period of time. Market has already become tough due to increasing cultural and demographic diversity and changing lifestyles over a period of time. Every market has its own set of needs. Like any marketer, a retailer has to decide which kind of market it should cater to in a satisfactory manner. As a result, the retailer has to explore many options to differentiate themselves in the market place and appeal to its target customers. The options are available in the form of combining different elements of retail mix. Retail mix is mainly deciding about merchandise, price, promotional mix, location, services extended etc. to serve the needs of target market in a satisfactory manner. Retail format is the popular term used for retail mix. It bears close resemblance with marketing mix. In the ensuing study, discussion about various retail formats is carried on.

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Myung-Rae Cho and Masao Mukoyama. "Conceptual Framework of Reverse Retail Internationalization: From the Perspective of Retail Innovation and Retail Format." Journal of Distribution Science 14, no. 11 (November 2016): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15722/jds.14.11.201611.5.

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Carpenter, Jason M., and Deborah J. C. Brosdahl. "Exploring retail format choice among US males." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 39, no. 12 (November 8, 2011): 886–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09590551111183290.

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Hortaçsu, Ali, and Chad Syverson. "The Ongoing Evolution of US Retail: A Format Tug-of-War." Journal of Economic Perspectives 29, no. 4 (November 1, 2015): 89–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.29.4.89.

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The past 15–20 years have seen substantial and visible changes in the way US retail business is conducted. Explanations about what is happening in the retail sector have been dominated by two powerful and not fully consistent narratives: a prediction that retail sales will migrate online and physical retail will be virtually extinguished, and a prediction that future shoppers will almost all be heading to giant physical stores like warehouse clubs and supercenters. Although online retail will surely continue to be a force shaping the sector going forward and may yet emerge as the dominant mode of commerce in the retail sector in the United States, its time for supremacy has not yet arrived. We discuss evidence indicating that the warehouse clubs/supercenter format has had a greater effect on the shape of retail over the past 15–20 years We begin with an overview of the retail sector as a whole, which over the long term has been shrinking as a share of total US economic activity and in terms of relative employment share. The retail sector has experienced stronger-than average productivity growth, but this has not been accompanied by commensurate wage growth. After discussing the important e-commerce and warehouse clubs/supercenters segments, we look more broadly at changes across the structure of the retail sector, including scale, concentration, dynamism, and degree of urbanization. Finally, we consider the likely future course of the retail sector.

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Basu, Rituparna, Kalyan K. Guin, and Kalyan Sengupta. "Do apparel store formats matter to Indian shoppers?" International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 42, no. 8 (August 5, 2014): 698–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-03-2013-0065.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore store choice behaviour of Indian apparel shoppers and analyses the factors influencing their choice of retail formats from an emerging market perspective. Design/methodology/approach – The research draws on a data set of 336 structured questionnaires with adult urban Indian respondents to understand their perceptions about organised and unorganised apparel store formats. The exploratory study uses a comprehensive list of demographics, shopping situations and format stimuli parameters along with two established psychographic scales to assess the extent of their effect on the store choice of apparel shoppers. Findings – Factor analysis revealed five well defined store attributes influencing the apparel shoppers’ decision. The growing market for organised retail with a preference for multi brand stores is highlighted. The study establishes that the shoppers’ perception of single-brand stores is still going through a formative phase. Further at the micro level of the decision process, significant differences are established by a number of variables. Research limitations/implications – The paper explores the store choice behaviour from a wider perspective that may be useful for future research on developing integrated store format choice models. However, the data used herein relates to a cross-section of shoppers in urban India due to the feasibility and convenience of studying relatively organised retail forms and structure of retail in an emerging market environment. Originality/value – The paper attempts to enumerate befitting analyses of factors that influence the store choice behaviour of apparel shoppers by using apt format classifications that are specific to the emerging retail market scenario in India.

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Končar, Jelena, Sonja Vučenović, and Radenko Marić. "Analysis of e-retailing in Danube region countries." Ekonomika 68, no. 1 (2022): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekonomika2201031k.

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This paper investigated the role and importance of e-retailing in traditional marketing channels in the selected countries of the Danube region. The main aim of the research was to highlight the economic benefits of e-retailing in traditional retail institutions analyzing the revenue from the sale of e-retailing in traditional retailers' business and representation of e-retailing "click and brick" in the group of largest e-retailers. The core idea of this paper was to empirically evaluate if the e-retailing implementation is in correlation with business profit, origin and specific form of a retailer. In this context, the study was conducted using the volume of sales revenue, the origin of retailer and form of the retail outlet, as independent variables based on which a volume of e-retailing presence as the dependent variable is evaluated. This study eliminates retailer's sales revenue as a statistically significant indicator which influences the implementation of e-retailing. On the other hand, the findings show that foreign retailers significantly less likely to implement e-retailing than domestic retailers when analyzing all countries in the region. When it comes to retailing formats, results suggest that retailers with retail format shopping centres and kiosks don't have e-retailing. All remaining retail formats have e-retailing. This paper formulates practical suggestions for further using of e-retailing in Danube region countries' marketing channels.

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Zhigalova, Anna. "Building Consumer Oriented Strategy for a Specialised Regional Store Chain." Regional Formation and Development Studies 8, no. 3 (January 25, 2022): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rfds.v7i2.2383.

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The research was made to identify how the retail strategy of a specialized regional chain should be reshaped in order to meet consumer requirements and satisfy their needs, compete against different store formats and maximize business efficiency. The analysis was made to identify alcoholic beverages consumption and buying habits, reasons and choice criteria of stores, perception, image and expectations of a specialized alcohol store. Also several business development ideas were tested, such as change of the assortment and evaluation of new concept of a retail chain. Sampled respondents were from 18 to 60 years old, who have bought alcoholic beverages last three months. Survey revealed that that consumer’s choice criteria of a retailer format differs considering different buying occasions and several dominant ‘must-haves’ were identified for a specialized retail store, such as location, assortment, price level of a best sellers and image of a store.

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Hao, Feilong, Yuxin Yang, and Shijun Wang. "Patterns of Location and Other Determinants of Retail Stores in Urban Commercial Districts in Changchun, China." Complexity 2021 (January 8, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8873374.

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Knowledge of the patterns of location of retail stores in urban areas supports the development of effective urban planning and the reasonable allocation of commercial facilities. Using point of interest data and consumer survey data in three main commercial districts in Changchun, China, this study investigates the spatial structures of commercial districts and the patterns of distribution of retail stores to assess the determinants of the development of retail stores in commercial districts. Kernel density estimation, nearest neighbor index, and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used for this study. The following conclusions are drawn. (1) The spatial distribution of retail stores in Changchun commercial districts generates the coexistence of a concentration in the core area and diffusion in the peripheral area. The emergence of shopping malls has challenged the traditional single-center structure, resulting in the transformation of commercial districts from single-center to multicenter layouts, while also producing a hierarchical trend in development. (2) The Chongqing Road and Hongqi Street commercial districts have a relatively high spatial concentration of retail stores. Retail stores in Guilin Road exhibit distinct characteristics, namely, stores selling textiles, clothing, and daily necessities show the highest concentration, and food, beverage, and tobacco outlets as well as integrated stores show the lowest concentration. (3) The selected locations of the differing categories of stores on Chongqing Road strongly correlate, and textile, clothing, and daily necessity stores show a high correlation with other retail categories. (4) Four main factors affect the development and spatial layout of retail in the commercial districts. First, the interaction between consumer behavior and location choice in retail stores promotes the evolution of retail formats and trends in the development of comprehensive, specialized, and hierarchical retail commercial spaces. Second, the retail format determines the spatial layouts and the historical inheritance of the format. Third, governmental planning and policies lead to the agglomeration and diffusion of commercial activities in different areas. Fourth, such spatial clustering effects are an external driving factor for integration and aggregation among retail formats.

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Hao, Feilong, Yuxin Yang, and Shijun Wang. "Patterns of Location and Other Determinants of Retail Stores in Urban Commercial Districts in Changchun, China." Complexity 2021 (January 8, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8873374.

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Knowledge of the patterns of location of retail stores in urban areas supports the development of effective urban planning and the reasonable allocation of commercial facilities. Using point of interest data and consumer survey data in three main commercial districts in Changchun, China, this study investigates the spatial structures of commercial districts and the patterns of distribution of retail stores to assess the determinants of the development of retail stores in commercial districts. Kernel density estimation, nearest neighbor index, and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used for this study. The following conclusions are drawn. (1) The spatial distribution of retail stores in Changchun commercial districts generates the coexistence of a concentration in the core area and diffusion in the peripheral area. The emergence of shopping malls has challenged the traditional single-center structure, resulting in the transformation of commercial districts from single-center to multicenter layouts, while also producing a hierarchical trend in development. (2) The Chongqing Road and Hongqi Street commercial districts have a relatively high spatial concentration of retail stores. Retail stores in Guilin Road exhibit distinct characteristics, namely, stores selling textiles, clothing, and daily necessities show the highest concentration, and food, beverage, and tobacco outlets as well as integrated stores show the lowest concentration. (3) The selected locations of the differing categories of stores on Chongqing Road strongly correlate, and textile, clothing, and daily necessity stores show a high correlation with other retail categories. (4) Four main factors affect the development and spatial layout of retail in the commercial districts. First, the interaction between consumer behavior and location choice in retail stores promotes the evolution of retail formats and trends in the development of comprehensive, specialized, and hierarchical retail commercial spaces. Second, the retail format determines the spatial layouts and the historical inheritance of the format. Third, governmental planning and policies lead to the agglomeration and diffusion of commercial activities in different areas. Fourth, such spatial clustering effects are an external driving factor for integration and aggregation among retail formats.

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Brosdahl, Deborah J. C., and Jason M. Carpenter. "U.S. male generational cohorts: Retail format preferences, desired retail attributes, satisfaction and loyalty." Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 19, no. 6 (November 2012): 545–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2012.06.005.

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González-Benito, Óscar, Pablo A. Muñoz-Gallego, and Praveen K. Kopalle. "Asymmetric competition in retail store formats: Evaluating inter- and intra-format spatial effects." Journal of Retailing 81, no. 1 (January 2005): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2005.01.004.

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Swoboda, Bernhard, Lukas Morbe, and Dan-Cristian Dabija. "An Inter- and Intra-format Perspective on Transfer and Perception of Retail Formats." Marketing ZFP 39, no. 4 (2017): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/0344-1369-2017-4-24.

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Vandana, V. Vishnu, A. Jagan Mohan Reddy, and Y. Ramu. "Female Consumers – Factors Influencing the Retail Format Choice." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 7, no. 2 (May 25, 2017): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v7.n2.p8.

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<div><p><em>Female markets contribute an estimated $20 trillion in annual consumer spending worldwide. It is observed that with more women earning higher-education degrees than men and starting new businesses at a faster rate, women's earning power is growing faster than men's. In this scenario, there is an increasing need to identifying the requirements and needs of the female consumers as a separate segment for tapping the vast potential underlying the female markets. The present study aims to understand the female consumer spending patterns and the factors influencing the retail format choice.</em></p></div>

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Kreifeldt, Erik. "New optical disk format poised for retail sales." Optics and Photonics News 7, no. 9 (September 1, 1996): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opn.7.9.000008.

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Swoboda, Bernhard, and Stefan Elsner. "Transferring the Retail Format Successfully into Foreign Countries." Journal of International Marketing 21, no. 1 (March 2013): 81–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jim.12.0148.

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Dukes, Anthony, Tansev Geylani, and Kannan Srinivasan. "Consumption trends and the warehouse club retail format." Managerial and Decision Economics 40, no. 7 (August 5, 2019): 838–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mde.3049.

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Sharma, Rajesh, and Abhinanda Gautam. "Redefining Retail Store Formats - A South African Study." Applied Finance and Accounting 3, no. 2 (June 28, 2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/afa.v3i2.2518.

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The global competitive retail space is challenging and the retailers are experimenting with different strategies to gain competitive advantage in the market. Retailers are developing and designing new and improved store formats to mirror the customers’ expectations by using distinctive benefits. Thus attracting and retaining customers by creating store brand loyalty is every retailer’s dream and they are spending a huge amount of time and money in developing these uniquely attractive retail store formats. However, limited academic research is available to help retailers understand the most profitable and popular retail store format in South Africa.This empirical research paper is an attempt to investigate the influence of the design, type and size of the retail store on the customer buying behaviour in the consumer durables market by examining a random sample of respondents from Gauteng, South Africa. The research findings, indicates that there is a varying degree of effect of retail store formats on the customer buying behaviour. Most of the variables have a positive correlation with other variables of customer behaviour. However in some cases, variables have significant inverse relationship with each other.

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Lapoule, Paul. "The French Grocery Retail Company Intermarché Develops the ‘Click and Drive’ Model." South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases 3, no. 1 (May 19, 2014): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277977914525294.

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The purpose of this case study is to let the readers identify the key success factors of the French grocery retail companies’ drive-through model. A case study approach is used to describe clearly issues confronting Intermarché, the third largest French grocery retail company, to the important and fast drive-in model development. The large French grocery retailers are investing heavily in the ‘click and drive’ format in order to avoid having to make home deliveries and bear the substantial costs associated with the ‘last mile’. Investing in selected drive-in locations is a cheaper way for them to expand their area of coverage than investing in new outlets. But they still have to deal with a new and difficult format, which presents a number of challenges from the strategic, logistic and marketing points of view. This case study provides an insight into the success of the grocery ‘click and drive’ (or drive—or drive-in) model developed by French grocery retail companies and allows understanding the basis of their competitive advantages. It can also help large grocery retailers to achieve their development objectives and counter the stagnation of traditional retail formats in Western Europe.

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Gupta, S. L. "An Empirical Study on Retailing Industry in India: A Case Study on Apparel Market." Paradigm 11, no. 2 (July 2007): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971890720070202.

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The study puts focus on how retailers are designing organized retail formats to keep pace with the changing moods of the shoppers. This will help them out in reaching a huge market comprising middle segment in order to enhance their clientele. These organized retail formats are at a paradigm shift in India and the need of the hour is a place where the consumers are seeking the convenience of one-stop shopping which can be catered by none other than malls. In the past few years there has been a shift in India from individual retail outlets owned separately and managed distinctively and professionally for retailing. Things changed primarily because of rising expectations of Indian consumers Corporate houses in turn responded quickly to the needs of the consumers. The study addresses how factors within and outside the stores affect store-level shopping decision. Preference for certain retailer attributes differs by shopper and these preferences are reflected in store choice. Therefore, several retailer attribute act as reasons for store patronage. A questionnaire was designed to investigate store patronage relative to the importance and perception of selected attributes of the stores. The data were collected from retailers. Respondents were asked to describe their perception of store on the basis of various attributes. These attributes were then treated as variables/indicators in the study. The six main indicators on the basis of which retailers decide to go for specific type of retail format consisted of price, sales personnel, quality of merchandise, assortment of merchandise, advertising, services, and other convenience services. The data collected from 100 retailers.

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Terano, Rika, Rafidah Yahya, Zainalabidin Mohamed, and Sahbani Bin Saimin. "Consumers’ Shopping Preferences for Retail Format Choice Between Modern and Traditional Retails in Malaysia." Journal of Food Products Marketing 20, sup1 (September 25, 2014): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10454446.2014.921874.

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Amorim, Marlene, and Fatemeh Bashashi Saghezchi. "An investigation of service quality assessments across retail formats." International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences 6, no. 2/3 (June 10, 2014): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqss-02-2014-0015.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the existence of differences in service quality assessments across distinct retail store formats. We address customers’ quality assessments for physical aspects, personal interactions, reliability and policies dimensions in hypermarkets and supermarkets to analyse the impacts for satisfaction and loyalty. Design/methodology/approach – The study builds on previous scales for service retail quality to develop a survey addressing customers of hypermarkets and supermarkets in Portugal. Data analysis addressed 248 complete questionnaires and involved statistical testing to explore differences in service quality expectations across retail store formats. The regression analysis was used to estimate impacts of each service quality dimension for customer satisfaction and loyalty intentions. Findings – The results support the existence of differences in customers’ service quality assessments across retail store formats, notably for the expectations about different quality dimensions. Differences were also observed on the impacts for customer satisfaction and loyalty, in particular for the dimensions of reliability and personal interaction. Research limitations/implications – The results suggest that managerial decisions regarding service in stores should be adjusted to the characteristics of each retail format. The generalizability of the results should be assessed by means of further investigation in other retail contexts. Originality/value – Retail customers patronize multiple types of retail stores that compete on diverse service attributes. Building on existing service measurement scales, this paper provides a contribution to understand customer’s quality assessments across distinct store types to inform retail quality and service differentiation strategies.

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Kumar, Pankaj. "EFFECT OF CUSTOMERS’ DEMOGRAPHICS ON RETAIL FORMAT CHOICE AND INTERACTION: A STUDY ON RETAIL SECTOR IN INDIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 316–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i1.2017.1906.

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The purpose of the study is to examine how often customers interact with different types of retail formats. A structured questionnaire was successfully distributed to 600 respondents, who had made purchases from sixty retail formats operated in Delhi and Gurugram belonging to the domain of Shopping Malls, Hypermarket, Supermarket, Department Stores, Discount stores and Category Killers through systematic stratified sampling for the collection of data. To segment the customer groups for each of the four retail formats (shopping mall, supermarket, department store, and category killer) based on demographic variables (gender, age, marital status, occupation, and income), a two-way ANOVA was used on the shopping frequency of the respondents. The Chi-square (χ2) test was also used to test the significant differences in shopping motives, companion during their visit, whether a planned or unplanned shopping trip, the staying time in a retail format of the respondents based on their gender and age. The study found that gender and age, gender and occupation, and gender and education are more or less equally important factors, whereas gender and marital status, and gender and income were not found important factors in affecting store visits. The study also found the behavioral aspect of retail customers in many ways. First, their visits to the stores were primarily driven by purchase needs, either window shopping or making actual purchases followed by eating. Second, more people prefer to visit these stores along with their friends or family; this result contributes to that being accompanied by others (Companion), shoppers more likely to buy food and less likely to buy non-food products.

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Wen, Weisheng, Qiongwei Luo, and Quansi Wen. "The Construction of New Business Format Marketing Strategy and Price Strategy Model." Journal of Management and Strategy 9, no. 4 (September 11, 2018): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jms.v9n4p62.

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Under the background of Internet plus in contemporary China, new retail format of Online To Offline (O2O) has become the new engine of China's economic innovation and development. The new format marketing strategy has become the new focus of the market. A strategic model that can be applied to the pricing of online and offline products is an indispensable element of the corporate marketing strategy. This paper takes the O2O new retail format price strategies of Dama and Yongsheng as the research background and re-examines the influencing factors in the western price theory system. Based on the pricing model applicable to commercial enterprises, this paper discusses the theory of the construction of the price strategy model with the O2O new retail format. Through the high participation of enterprises, and the discussion and test of the theoretical model with the enterprise, the theoretical models are given higher value.

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Janssens, Kim, Wim Lambrechts, Henriëtte Keur, and Janjaap Semeijn. "Customer Value Types Predicting Consumer Behavior at Dutch Grocery Retailers." Behavioral Sciences 10, no. 8 (August 5, 2020): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs10080127.

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The purpose of this paper is to profile three grocery retail formats (non-discounter, soft discounter, and hard discounter) in the Netherlands using Holbrook’s value types. These value types are linked to three consumer behavior outcomes, i.e., Satisfaction, Repurchase intention, and Word-of-Mouth. The impact of the retail formats is evaluated on the importance and performance of the value types, using a questionnaire for each of the retail formats. The relationship between the value types and outcomes is tested with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Aesthetics, Altruistic value, and Efficiency are positively linked to Satisfaction. In addition, Efficiency is the key driver for Repurchase intention and has a positive impact on Word-of-Mouth. A positive Word-of-Mouth is predicted by Social value and Service excellence. The three examined retail formats show a difference in Holbrook’s value types. Overall, the results of the non- and soft discounters differ from the hard discounters. Remarkably, and contrary to previous studies, the soft discounter’s scores are the highest meaning that consumers are most critical for this retail format. It seems that consumers expect the best of both worlds at soft discounters: low prices, interesting bargains, easy access, but also appealing store design, and excellent service.

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Jedynak, Zdzisław. "Logistics customer service in retail trade enterprises large format." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, no. 6 (June 30, 2018): 1046–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.226.

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The article discusses the process of logistic customer service in large-scale retail businesses. It presents its purpose, stages and tasks, applied criteria and documents, as well as the responsible persons and contractors for particular tasks. The implementation of the adopted topic took place through: determining the current state of knowledge in the field of logistic customer service, the characteristics of the logistics system in the surveyed commercial units, and the identification and description of the activities carried out there in the field of customer service. The applied research method was a critical review of the subject literature and direct observation.

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Naveen, Lingam, Aishwarya Mohanty, Smruti Malhar Mahapatro, and Rabi Narayan Subudhi. "Retail Format Choice for Smartphone Purchase: Online Versus Offline." Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research 4, (S) (October 2022): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37534/bp.jhssr.2022.v4.ns.id1192.p75.

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Stevens, Sara. "The Small Box Format of the Retail Pharmacy Chains." Thresholds 32 (January 2006): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/thld_a_00251.

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Reynolds, Jonathan, Elizabeth Howard, Christine Cuthbertson, and Latchezar Hristov. "Perspectives on retail format innovation: relating theory and practice." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 35, no. 8 (July 3, 2007): 647–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09590550710758630.

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Carpenter, Jason M., and Vikranth Balija. "Retail format choice in the US consumer electronics market." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 38, no. 4 (March 30, 2010): 258–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09590551011032081.

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Haans, Hans. "Evaluating retail format extensions: The role of shopping goals." Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 18, no. 5 (September 2011): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2011.05.001.

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Benoit, Sabine, Heiner Evanschitzky, and Christoph Teller. "Retail format selection in on-the-go shopping situations." Journal of Business Research 100 (July 2019): 268–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.04.007.

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Antipin, Philipp A. "Multi-format retail trade: development trends and strategic tasks." Russian Journal of Entrepreneurship 16, no. 11 (May 22, 2015): 1689. http://dx.doi.org/10.18334/rp.16.11.249.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Retail Format'

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