Relevant bibliographies by topics / Retained austenite

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Retained austenite'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Retained austenite"

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Kawasaki, Yoshiyasu, Yuki Toji, Yokota Takeshi, and Yoshimasa Funakawa. "Effects of Tensile Testing Temperature on Mechanical Properties and Deformation Behavior in Medium Mn Steels." Materials Science Forum 1016 (January 2021): 1823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1016.1823.

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In single-phase austenitic steels, the optimum deformation temperature in the tensile test to obtain high tensile strength-elongation balance (TS×El) and work hardening rate (dσ/dε) depends on control of the stability of austenite. In order to clarify the effects of the deformation temperature in complex phase steels containing austenite, in this study, the effects of the tensile testing temperature on mechanical properties and deformation behavior were investigated in detail using steel A and steel B with a chemical composition of 0.15C-0.5Si-5.0Mn (wt%). Steels A and B consisted of ferrite and retained austenite, but contained different volume fractions of retained austenite, namely, 29 % and 17 % as a result of annealing at 660 °C and 620 °C for 2 h, respectively. The stability of the retained austenite of steel B was higher than that of steel A. In steel A, TS×El and dσ/dε achieved their maximum values at 20 °C, decreased from 20 to 100 °C, and then remained almost unchanged at more than 150 °C. On the other hand, in steel B, TS×El and dσ/dε achieved their maximum values at -40 °C, decreased from -40 to 50 °C and remained almost unchanged at more than 100 °C. These results can be explained by the stability of retained austenite and the transformation rate from retained austenite to martensite. It should be noted that control of the stability of retained austenite and the transformation rate from retained austenite to martensite led to an adjustment of the optimum deformation temperature to achieve the high TS×El and dσ/dε in medium Mn steels, in the same manner as in single-phase austenitic steels.
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Higuera-Cobos, Oscar Fabián, Florina-Diana Dumitru, and Dairo Hernán Mesa-Grajales. "Improvement of abrasive wear resistance of the high chromium cast iron ASTM A-532 through thermal treatment cycles." REVISTA FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA 25, no. 41 (January 22, 2016): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.19053/01211129.4141.

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<p>High-Chromium White Cast Iron is a material highly used in mining and drilling shafts for oil extraction, due to its high wear resistance. However, because of the austenitic matrix found in the as-cast state, an adequate heat treatment cycle is necessary. This paper studies the effects of different cooling media after a destabilization treatment on the microstructure, hardening and abrasion resistance behaviors of a hypoeutectic high chromium white cast iron. The results show that although air cooling followed by immersion in CO2 can effectively reduce the retained austenite, this is not enough to transform completely the retained austenite into martensite. The low retained austenite percentages improve bulk hardness, but they decrease the abrasion resistance of the high chromium cast iron. The best combination of hardness and wear resistance was found in the samples cooled in air, due to the percentage of retained austenite and a moderate precipitation of chromium carbide.</p>
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Sugimoto, Koh Ichi, Junya Kobayashi, Yuji Nakajima, and Takuya Kochi. "The Effects of Cooling Rate on Retained Austenite Characteristics of a 0.2C-1.5Si-1.5Mn-1.0Cr-0.05Nb TRIP-Aided Martensitic Steel." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 1015–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.1015.

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With the aim of increasing the volume fraction and stability of the retained austenite characteristics in a transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP)-aided steel with wider lath-martensite structure matrix, the effects of varying the post-hot-working cooling rate of a 0.2%C-1.5%Si-1.5%Mn-1.0%Cr-0.05%Nb (mass%) steel on the retained austenite characteristics were investigated. When, after hot-working at 950°C, the steel was cooled to room temperature from 430°C above the martensite-start temperature using cooling rates lower than 3°C/s, the steel attained a higher volume fraction of metastable retained austenite and lower volume fractions of a finely dispersed martensite-austenite complex phase, carbide, and pro-eutectoid ferrite, although the volume fraction of bainitic ferrite increased. This was associated with a marked carbon-enrichment in the untransformed austenite, which was mainly due to the promoted bainitic ferrite, the initial lath martensite, and the refined prior austenitic grain.
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Matsuda, Hiroshi, Hisata Noro, Yasunobu Nagataki, and Yoshihiro Hosoya. "Effect of Retained Austenite Stability on Mechanical Properties of 590MPa Grade TRIP Sheet Steels." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 3374–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.3374.

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Industrial low alloy TRIP sheet steels contain blocky and lath-shaped retained austenite. In the present study, transformation behaviour of blocky and lath-shaped retained austenite during straining was investigated to clarify its effect on mechanical properties. Two types of TRIP steels containing almost the same amount but the different morphology of retained austenite were used. A steel containing large amount of lath-shaped retained austenite exhibits superior ductility, and sustains high work-hardenability in a high strain region. On the contrast, a steel containing large amount of blocky retained austenite exhibits low ductility. The work-hardenability increased steeply to the maximum at a low strain region, and then reduced in a high strain region. The stability of the blocky austenite has been found to be poor with respected to martensite transformation. The lath-shaped retained austenite remains until a high strain region whereas the blocky retained austenite transformed into martensite in a low strain region. Carbon content was higher in the lath-shaped retained austenite than in the blocky retained austenite. Stability of retained austenite is, however, inexplicable only by the carbon content, and would be affected by the different morphology and the resulting restraint conditions.
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Ravi Kumar, B. "Progress of Recrystallisation in Cold Rolled Austenitic Stainless Steel during Cyclic Thermal Process." Materials Science Forum 702-703 (December 2011): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.627.

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The present study aims to understand the evolution of microstructure leading to nano/ultrafine grain formation during cyclic thermal process. A commercial grade of AISI 304L austenitic SS was cold rolled which resulted in a creation of a dual microstructure having strain induced martensite (43%) and heavily deformed retained austenite. The dual phase microstructure was subjected to cyclic thermal annealing process at 825 °C. The events occurring in; a) retained austenite and b) reverted austenite formed by phase reversion of strain induced martensite, during annealing treatment, were studied by the Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). The study revealed recrystallisation process of the two austenite grains, which resulted into ultrafine grain formation during cyclic thermal process.
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Zhuang, Bao Tong, Hai Tao Jiang, Di Tang, Zhen Li Mi, and Zhen Kuai. "Study of Retained Austenite in Q&P Steel for Automobile." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 1436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.1436.

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Retained austenite of Q&P (Quenching and Partitioning) processed 0.2C-1.51Si-1.84Mn steel heated in intercritical region and full austenite region are investigated. The results show that the maximum volume fraction of retained austenite heated in intercritical and full austenite region is 13.39% and 5.23% respectively. Carbon partitioning completed within 10 s for both heating modes. The microstructure after full austenitization consisted of martensite laths and thin, inter-lath retained austenite film. Austenite blocks is observed as well after partial austenitization.The distribution of retained austenite is related to the amount of grain boundaries by EBSD techniques.
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Grajcar, Adam, Krzysztof Radwański, and Hanna J. Krztoń. "Microstructural Analysis of a Thermomechanically Processed Si-Al TRIP Steel Characterized by EBSD and X-Ray Techniques." Solid State Phenomena 203-204 (June 2013): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.203-204.34.

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The work focuses on the analysis of microstructural features of retained austenite in a thermomechanically processed Si-Al TRIP-type steel microalloyed with Nb and Ti. Austenite amount was determined using XRD and EBSD. Combined methods of LM, SEM and EBSD were applied to reveal the morphology, grain size and distribution of structural constituents. It is possible to retain 14% of  phase enriched in C to about 1.14 wt.%. Retained austenite is uniformly located as blocky grains with a diameter up to 4.5 m in a fine-grained ferritic matrix or between bainitic ferrite laths as thin layers. Special crystallographic relationships between bainitic ferrite and retained austenite were identified on the basis of the analysis of misorientation angles and image quality values.
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Haidemenopoulos, G. N., M. Grujicic, G. B. Olson, and Morris Cohen. "Transformation microyielding of retained austenite." Acta Metallurgica 37, no. 6 (June 1989): 1677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(89)90134-x.

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Yin, Yun Yang, Fang Fang, Wei Chen, and Yong Tao Fu. "Effect of Thermomechanical Parameters on the Microstructure and Retained Austenite Characteristics in a Hot-Rolled TRIP Steel." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 1294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.1294.

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The influence of thermomechanical parameters on the microstructure and retained austenite characteristics in a hot rolled Al-Si-Mn transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steel based on dynamic transformation of undercooled austenite was investigated, in an effort to produce a desired microstructure and better control retained content. The results show that strain rate had a minor effect on the microstructure, but the volume fraction of retained austenite decreased with increasing strain rate. Decreasing coiling temperature caused a decrease in volume fraction of retained austenite and decrease in the size of bainitic ferrite platelets. Increasing the isothermal holding time during bainite treatment, the volume fraction of retained austenite first gradually increased then decreased. Moreover, The deformation of undercooled austenite not only can influenc the transformation of bainite, but also can refine the grain size of bainite, increase the chemical and mechanical stabilization of retained austenite.
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Hell, Jean Christophe, Moukrane Dehmas, Guillaume Geandier, Nathalie Gey, Sebastien Allain, Alain Hazotte, and Jean Philippe Chateau. "Influence of the Austempering Temperature on the Microstructure and Crystallography of a Carbide-Free Bainitic Steel." Solid State Phenomena 172-174 (June 2011): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.172-174.797.

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We elaborated two carbide-free bainitic steels with different microstructures through specific heat treatments and alloy design. EBSD analysis was used to point out major differences in these microstructures. In-situ characterizations of the bainitic transformation were performed by high energy synchrotron diffraction to go further into the study of each phase characteristics. The elaborated microstructures exhibited various phase fractions of bainitic ferrite, retained austenite and blocks of martensite and retained austenite. Moreover, the volume fraction of retained austenite increased with higher austempering temperatures. On the other hand, the austempering temperatures showed a strong influence on the kinetics of the bainitic transformation. Isothermal transformation under Ms showed a two stage transformation which led first to the formation of self-tempered martensite and then to bainitic ferrite. Furthermore, the evolution of the austenitic cell parameter showed enrichment in carbon ruled by diffusional mechanisms.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Retained austenite"

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Abudaia, Fouad Belgassem. "Microstructure and fatigue strength of high performance gear steels." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/176.

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Observations on some steels used in high performance gears are presented in this thesis. The object was to understand how microstructure and residual stress influenced mechanical properties, particularly fatigue strength. The investigations were carried out using fatigue testing, metallographic techniques, shot peening, hardness testing and Xray diffraction to determine residual stress and the amount of retained austenite. The work is divided into two main parts. In the first part, the opportunity was taken of investigating a batch of case-carburised gears manufactured from 17CrNiMo6 steel that contained an abnormally high level of retained austenite. . The benefits or otherwise of retained austenite is a matter of some controversy in the literature and this was an opportunity of testing the effect of high retained austenite in gears. In the second part, the properties of a recently formulated through hardening steel was investigated. The steel is inexpensive and capable of being fully hardened by air-cooling. It is believed that use of the material could reduce the cost of gear manufacture by eliminating the carburisation process, oil quenching and the subsequent need to correct distortions that arise from quenching. Gears were manufactured using l7CrNiMo6 steel. After carburization, one batch was found to have an abnormally high level of retained austenite (40 to 60%). Normally, gears with this level of retained austenite would be rejected. Nevertheless, gears from this batch were found to have surface and bending fatigue strengths that were not very different from those with much lower retained austenite contents. Despite the fact that the material is relatively soft, it was found that a very thin surface layer had hardened during back-to-back gear testing, probably by strain-induced transformation of the retained austenite. It was deduced that this thin layer of hardened material is sufficient to maintain a good level of surface contact fatigue strength. The second part of the work includes a basic study of the through-hardening steel. The study includes heat treatment and hardness, estimation of fracture toughness and the development of residual stress during heat treatment. Specialised standing contact fatigue (SCF) tests were also done using this material. The SCF test consists of cyclic loading of a hard ball in contact with the surface of the specimen, which is meant to simulate asperity contact in surface contact fatigue. Radial cracks or ring cracks or both are nucleated just outside the indentation circle in these tests, depending on the load and the development of plasticity. The stresses near the indentation were modelled using Finite Element analysis and were found to be consistent with the experimental results. Finally, the effect of residual compressive stress induced by shot peeing was studied using the SCF test. It was found that shot peening suppressed the formation of radial cracks.
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Vale, Ellen. "Interval timing and dopamine : effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and caffeine on the reproduction of short intervals." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273680.

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Saha, Podder Arijit. "Tempering of a mixture of bainite and retained austenite." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609405.

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Yalci, Hasan Kayhan. "The effect of retained austenite on hydrogen enbrittlement in high strength steels." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315785.

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Mark, Alison Fiona Lockie. "Microstructural effects on the stability of retained austenite in transformation induced plasticity steels." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/960.

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Adams, Derrik David. "Characterization of the Factors Influencing Retained Austenite Transformation in Q&P Steels." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8425.

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Formable Advanced High-Strength Steels (AHSS) have a unique combination of strength and ductility, making them ideal in the effort to lightweight vehicles. The AHSS in this study, Quenched and Partitioned 1180, rely on the Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) effect, in which retained austenite (RA) grains transform to martensite during plastic deformation, providing extra ductility via the transformation event. Understanding the factors involved in RA transformation, such as local strain and grain attributes, is therefore key to optimizing the microstructure of these steels. This research seeks to increase understanding of those attributes and the correlations between microstructure and RA transformation in TRIP steels. To measure local strain, the viability of using forescatter detector (FSD) images as the basis for DIC study is investigated. Standard FSD techniques, along with an integrated EBSD / FSD approach (Pattern Region of Interest Analysis System), are both analyzed. Simultaneous strain and microstructure maps are obtained for tensile deformation up to around 6% strain. The method does not give sub-grain resolution, and surface feature evolution prevents DIC analysis across large strain steps; however, the data is easy to obtain and provides a natural set of complementary information for the EBSD analysis. In-situ tensile tests combined with EBSD allow RA grain and neighboring attributes to be characterized and corresponding transformation data to be obtained. However, pseudo-symmetry of the ferrite (BCC) and martensite (BCT) phases prevents EBSD from accurately identifying all phases. Measuring the relative distortion of the crystal lattice, tetragonality, is one approach to identifying the phases. Unfortunately, small errors in the pattern center can cause significant errors in tetragonality measurement. Therefore, this research utilizes a new approach for accurate pattern center determination using a strain minimization routine and applies it to tetragonality maps for phase identification. Tetragonality maps based on dynamically simulated patterns result in the most accurate maps and can also be used to predict approximate local carbon content. Machine learning is then used on the collected data to isolate key attributes of RA grains and provide a decision tree model to predict transformation based on those attributes. Among the most relevant attributes found, RA grain area, RA grain shape aspect ratio, a “hardness” factor, and major axis orientation are included. Possible correlations between these factors and transformation improve understanding of relevant attributes and show the advantage that machine learning can have in unravelling complex material behavior.
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Malmberg, Andreas. "The influence of carbonitriding on hardness, retained austenite and residual stress in 52100 steel." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-173804.

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High rolling contact fatigue parts are vital for the long service life of fuel pumps. Cummins Fuel Systems are currently using an M2 tool steel for one of the most important roller bearing application in their pumps, namely the cam follower. The future design of the cam follower is a pin-less tappet roller. The wear and fatigue properties of the roller is vital to ensure reliability of the fuel system. M2 tool steel is an expensive material and becomes even more so if diamond like coating (DLC) is needed to decrease the friction coefficients. To cut costs of the fuel pump it might be possible to replace the M2 tool steel with 52100 steel (100Cr6). Competitive methods have proven that carbonitrided 52100 can reach excellent wear and fatigue properties making it a candidate to replace M2 tool steel. How the properties of hardness, toughness and compressive residual stresses are developed in 52100 and how they affect the fatigue and wear resistance has been researched from the literature. A big part of this project was to do an extensive analysis of a roller bearing that was believed to have gone through one of these competitive methods that produce excellent wear and fatigue resistance. The analysis was done with background to the knowledge gathered from the literature. Finally process trials were set up to carbonitride 52100 steel samples. The trials were done to develop a better understanding of how adding carbon together with nitrogen to the surface of 52100 steel will influence the metallurgical parameters that results in good wear and fatigue resistance. From this analysis Cummins hope to create a process recipe that can be used for carbonitriding the cam follower and maybe other components in their fuel systems.
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Björklund, Erik. "The Influence of Hardness and Retained Austenite on the Fatigue Limit after Shot Peening." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kemi - Ångström, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-221610.

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This thesis was performed at Scania CV AB and aimed to optimize the effect of shot peening in order to increase the bending fatigue limit of planetary gears. In this project three parameters affecting the performance of the shot peening were examined in more detail, specifically the hardness of the shot peening media, the hardness of the material and the amount retained austenite. Shot peening and measurements were performed on carburized gears consisting of ss 92506 steel. In order to find out how the fatigue limit is affected by the material hardness, a number of gears were tempered whereas other remained untempered. Similarly the retained austenite content was altered in some of the gears with a cryotreatment. The shot peening of these gears was performed by dual shot peening using media of two different hardness. The fatigue limit was evaluated by a servo hydraulic material testing machine. The results show that the fatigue limit is enhanced when the shot peening was performed with hard media. This was expected since the harder media can cause larger plastic deformation in the material giving rise to larger compressive residual stresses which is known to increase the fatigue limit. The fatigue limit was also improved for samples with lower surface hardness. The amount of retained austenite does not seem to affect the fatigue limit for samples shot peened with media of sufficient hardness in order to cause adequate plastic deformation. The surface roughness remained unchanged for samples shot peened by different media, which indicates that this parameter should not hinder a change of media.
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Qu, Hao. "Advanced High Strength Steel Through Paraequilibrium Carbon Partitioning and Austenite Stabilization." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1283353953.

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Huamán, Raúl Minaya. "Avaliação do tratamento criogênico na desestabilização da austenita retida no aço AISI D2." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18158/tde-06122017-110813/.

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O processo de tratamento térmico à baixa temperatura é um dos métodos mais promissores para melhorar o desempenho dos materiais. O tratamento criogênico promove a transformação de austenita retida do aço em martensita, o que é atribuída para melhorar a dureza e resistência ao desgaste. Neste trabalho foram analisados os efeitos dos diferentes ciclos de tratamentos térmicos, comparando-se à tempera convencional (têmpera 1050°C + revenido simples e duplo a 200/530°C) respeito à adição do tratamento criogênico, (têmpera 1050°C + criogenia a -125°C + revenido simples e duplo a 200/530°C) com e sem tempo de espera de 24 horas, com a finalidade de avaliar a estabilização térmica da austenita retida no aço em relação a quantidade presente na microestrutura e consequentemente na influencia nas propriedades mecânicas do aço ferramenta para trabalho a frio AISI D2. As análises foram conduzidas através de testes de dureza, impacto, microscopia óptica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e difração de raios-X. Os resultados encontrados foram uma variação pouco significativa na dureza entre 57 e 58 HRC. Foi evidenciada a baixa tenacidade ao impacto do aço AISI D2, independente das rotas dos ciclos de tratamento térmico, resultado da alta percentagem de carbonetos dispostos na microestrutura. A resistência ao impacto no aço em estudo após o tratamento criogênico, esses resultados foram relacionados à microestrutura do material.
The heat treatment process at low temperature is one of the most promising methods to improve the performance of materials. The cryogenic treatment promotes the transformation of retained austenite from the steel into martensite, which is attributed to improved hardness and wear resistance. In this work the effects of the different cycles of thermal treatments were analyzed, comparing to conventional tempering (tempering 1050°C + single and double annealing at 200/530°C) with respect to the addition of the cryogenic treatment (tempera 1050°C + cryogenics to - 125°C + single and double tempering at 200/530°C) with and without waiting time of 24 hours, in order to evaluate the thermal stabilization of the austenite retained in the steel in relation to the amount present in the microstructure and consequently in the influence on the mechanical properties of cold working tool steel AISI D2. The analyzes were conducted through tests of hardness, impact, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results found were a minor variation in hardness between 57 and 58 HRC. It was evidenced the low impact toughness of the AISI D2 steel, independent of the thermal treatment cycle routes, as a result of the high percentage of carbides disposed in the microstructure. The impact resistance in the steel studied after the cryogenic treatment, these results was related to the microstructure of the material.
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Books on the topic "Retained austenite"

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Saleh, M. Husin Bin. Retained austenite in dual phase steel and its effect on mechanical properties. Manchester: UMIST, 1998.

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H, Camerino Nester. Effect of prior warm rolling on the retained austenite content and hardening response of (VIM-VAR) AISI M-50 steel. 1985.

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Parrish, Geoffrey. Carburizing. ASM International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.cmp.9781627083379.

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Carburizing: Microstructures and Properties explains how to recognize and address problems associated with case carburizing treatments for steels. It examines the nature of internal oxidation, decarburization, free carbides, and retained austenite and their effect on fatigue and fracture strength, wear resistance, impact toughness, hardness, and other properties. It discusses the influence of grain size, microcracking, microsegregation, and nonmetallic inclusions and explains how composition and cooling rate determine the core properties of carburized steel parts and how alloy and carbon content largely determine the depth and hardness of the case. It also discusses the effect of tempering, refrigeration, grinding, roller burnishing, and shot peening, and makes extensive use of images, graphs, charts, and examples throughout. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-0-87170-666-9, follow this link.
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Book chapters on the topic "Retained austenite"

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Yu, Haixuan, Yuan Lu, Yangzi Xu, and Richard D. Sisson. "The Effect of Surface Preparation on Retained Austenite Measurement." In 100 Years of E04 Development of Metallographic Standards, 12–20. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp160720170210.

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Vasilakos, A. N., and G. N. Haidemenopoulos. "The Stability of Retained Austenite in Low-Alloy TRIP Steels." In Steels and Materials for Power Plants, 213–18. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527606181.ch38.

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Sasaki, Katsunari, Yukio Hirose, and Toshihiko Sasaki. "Measurement of Retained Austenite in Stainless Steel Using Imaging Plate." In Advances in X-Ray Analysis, 483–90. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2528-8_59.

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Zhao, L., Niels H. van Dijk, E. R. Peekstok, O. Tegus, Ekkes Brück, and Jilt Sietsma. "Size Distribution of Retained Austenite in Phosphorus-Containing TRIP Steels." In THERMEC 2006, 4321–26. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-428-6.4321.

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Miura, Takuya, Rintaro Ueji, and Hidetoshi Fujii. "Stabilization of the Retained Austenite in Steel by Friction Stir Welding." In Friction Stir Welding and Processing VIII, 47–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48173-9_5.

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Ruud, C. O., G. H. Pennington, E. M. Brauss, and S. D. Weedman. "Simultaneous Residual Stress and Retained Austenite Measurement by X-Ray Diffraction." In Nondestructive Characterization of Materials, 406–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84003-6_48.

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Miura, Takuya, Rintaro Ueji, and Hidetoshi Fujii. "Stabilization of the Retained Austenite in Steel by Friction Stir Welding." In Friction Stir Welding and Processing VIII, 47–54. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119093343.ch5.

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Sidoroff, Christine, Michel Perez, Pierre Dierickx, and Daniel Girodin. "Advantages and Shortcomings of Retained Austenite in Bearing Steels: a Review." In Bearing Steel Technologies: 10th Volume, Advances in Steel Technologies for Rolling Bearings, 1–37. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp158020140081.

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Northwood, Derek O., Lily He, Erin Boyle, and Randy Bowers. "Retained Austenite - Residual Stress - Distortion Relationships in Carburized SAE 6820 Steel." In THERMEC 2006, 4464–69. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-428-6.4464.

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Stratton, Paul. "The Effect of Prior Tempering on Sub-Zero Treatment to Reduce Retained Austenite." In 18th International Federation for Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering, 31–43. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp49421t.

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Conference papers on the topic "Retained austenite"

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PSODA, M., and R. SOT. "RETAINED AUSTENITE DETERMINATION IN ROLLING BEARINGS." In Proceedings of the XVIII Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812811325_0048.

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Akoma, Adanma, Kevin Sala, Chase Sheeley, and Lesley D. Frame. "Retained Austenite Benefits or Avoidance Requires Dependable Determination." In HT2021. ASM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ht2021p0212.

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Abstract Retained austenite can be disastrous or increase the life of heat treated components. However, discussions on the right amount of retained austenite are only meaningful when measured correctly. The proper determination in microstructures samples requires a trained metallurgist and remains to be very subjective to the individual’s eye. Company standards of microstructure tables are used as individual solution. However, factual results are only achievable with the use of an X-ray diffractometer. This paper discusses the practical experience of metallurgical results and shows state of the art solutions as today’s standard.
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Chiu, Liu-Ho, and Chih-Hsiang Ma. "Retained austenite produced by induction hardening of cast iron." In 2017 International Conference on Applied System Innovation (ICASI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icasi.2017.7988303.

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Ramasamy, Rajeshkumar, Seenuvas Sivathanu, Varatharaj Neelakandan, Thulasirajan Ganesan, and Praveen Chakrapani Rao. "Influence of Retained Austenite on Fatigue Performance of Carburized Gears." In International Conference on Advances in Design, Materials, Manufacturing and Surface Engineering for Mobility. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-28-0102.

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Seleka, Tshidiso, Sisa Pityana, Marie Ulbrich, and Lipson Rampedi. "Quantitative analysis of retained austenite in laser melted martensitic stainless steel." In ICALEO® 2007: 26th International Congress on Laser Materials Processing, Laser Microprocessing and Nanomanufacturing. Laser Institute of America, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5061184.

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Takahashi, N., Y. Gotoh, N. Sasaguri, and K. Koga. "Magnetic Non-Destructive Inspection of Retained Austenite in the Cast Iron." In INTERMAG 2006 - IEEE International Magnetics Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/intmag.2006.376385.

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Ma, H., R. J. Bowers, D. O. Northwood, X. Sun, and P. J. Bauerle. "Residual stress and retained austenite in induction hardened ductile iron camshafts." In TRIBOLOGY AND DESIGN 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/td120101.

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Wagar, Ryan M., John G. Speer, David K. Matlock, and Patricio F. Mendez. "Examination of Pitting Fatigue in Carburized Steels with Controlled Retained Austenite Fractions." In SAE 2006 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-0896.

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Bartels, R., D. Löhe, and E. Macherauch. "Interaction of Dynamic Strain Aging and Tranformation 0f Retained Austenite to Martensite." In ESOMAT 1989 - Ist European Symposium on Martensitic Transformations in Science and Technology. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/esomat/198908005.

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Nagasaka, Akihiko, Koh-ichi Sugimoto, Toshio Murakami, and Masahiro Kawajiri. "Effect of Retained Austenite Parameters on Burring of Trip-Aided Sheet Steels." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77948.

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Effect of retained austenite parameters on burring of (0.1–0.4)C-1.5Si-1.5Mn (mass%) ultra high-strength TRIP-aided sheet steels with porigonal ferrite matrix (TDP steels) having different retained austenite parameters was investigated for automotive applications. Thermal drilling is a process that uses friction to produce bushing in steel tubing and sheet. The combined rotational and downward force of the thermal drilling tool bit creates friction heat. The height of the bushing was roughly 3 to 4 times the original steel thickness. The bushing are ideal for thread applications, as the strength of threads was significantly increased. Hole notches of 5mm diameter were produced by mechanical punching for hole-expanding test. The stretch-flangeability was evaluated using hole-expanding ratio. The hole-expanding ratio of burring were completed in TDP steels. The higher tensile strength, the lower hole-expanding ratio of mechanical punching. In TDP steels, the burring resulted in much higher stretch-flangeability than the mechanical punching. We found that compared with mechanical punching, the burring contributed to the improvement of the tensile strength of 1100MPa class TDP steel with porigonal ferrilte matrix.
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Reports on the topic "Retained austenite"

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Hicho, G. E., W. J. Boettinger, L. Swartzendruber, and T. R. Shives. Examination of the excessive retained austenite on the surface of a section of 17-7 precipitation hardening stainless steel. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4502.

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