Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Réticulation sous rayonnement UV'
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Jego, Lucas. "Développement de formulations à base de polyoléfines pour la réalisation de feuilles réticulables sous faisceau ionisant et non ionisant." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS042.
Full textThe Chomarat company manufactures polyolefin based sheets for automotive parts. These sheets are grained in order to give them a particular surface pattern which represents an important psycho-sensory aspect for consumers. The grained sheets must be thermoformed to give them the shape of the rigid structure on which they will be set in place. The thermoforming step is proceeded at high temperature and is therefore a critical step of this process. Indeed, while being deformed in temperature, the stretching of the material tends to distort the grained pattern in a non-homogeneous way and even to cancel it. In order to obtain materials that give an acceptable retention of the pattern after being thermoformed, the grained sheet must be partially crosslinked. This thesis work aims to develop crosslinkable formulations that are able to achieve this challenge. Two crosslinking methods have been considered: crosslinking using electron beam (EB) irradiation or UV irradiation. This last method is a pioneering crosslinking pathway in this industrial field. Terpolymers of ethylene-propylene-diene monomers (EPDM) have chemical structures that promote crosslinking. The effect of irradiation (EB or UV) on these elastomers, as well as on their blends with polypropylene (PP) have been studied. The characterisations have been mainly monitored using rheological measurements, gel contents measurements and crosslinking densities calculations. Firstly, only the effects of EB irradiation on EPDM and other types of elastomers have been investigated. Then, the effects of UV irradiation have been studied through a modelling study on low mass oligomers chosen to mimic the behaviour of EPDM double bonds. The different formulations studied were composed of an oligomer, a multifunctional monomer acting as a crosslinker and a photoinitiator allowing the crosslinking. Following this study, the best photoinitiator/crosslinking agent couples were transposed to EPDM, using firstly a low mass EPDM then a high mass one frequently used in formulations in industrial fields. At last, the effects on the photocrosslinking efficiency of adding first PP then pigments and anti-UV agents have been examined
Follain, Nadège. "Mélanges miscibles à base d'amidon : relations Formulations / Propriétés." Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIMS009.
Full textThe aim of this study was to understand and improve mechanical properties of plasticized starch based-materials in the presence of low amounts of additives. The methodology used relied on the use of a graphic allowing the comparison of ultimate strength and strain : each material is compared to a family of material which mechanical properties are drawn up from different plasticized starches at 57 % R. H. In the first time, classical formulations described in the literature (in comparable conditions) have been tested. A smoothing of mechanical performances which are similar to simple plasticized starch based-material family has been noted. Strategies developped in this work are based on (1) modification of molecular weight distribution by (i) adding (physical, grafted) linear compatible polymers as PVA (creation of physical entanglements favouring long distance interactions), by (ii) " photolengthening " soluble starch and on (2) substitution of the plasticizer (glycerol) by a plasticizing oligomer (PVA) minimising the formation of clusters and developing average distance interactions. The modification of distribution lead to a general improvement of ultimate strain without important loss of strength. The plasticization by PVA allows an appreciable increase of ultimate strength. These strategies have principally involved PVA use in blend with starch. Except for mechanical properties, preferential interactions between starch and PVA lead to unusual behaviours : drastic diminution of hydrophily, higher reactivity of the blend under UV irradiation
Chan, Chi Linda. "Réticulation sous micro-ondes de résines polyester insaturé." Toulouse, INPT, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPT009G.
Full textMasse, François. "Cinétique de photolyse d’oxydes d’azote sous rayonnement UV." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9795.
Full textZuchowicz-Arnaud, Iwona. "Polymérisation de l'acrylamide sous rayonnement réactivité de photoamorceurs solubles dans l'eau sous excitation UV /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37610947q.
Full textZuchowicz-Arnaud, Iwona. "Polymérisation de l'acrylamide sous rayonnement : réactivité de photoamorceurs solubles dans l'eau sous excitation UV." Mulhouse, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MULH0059.
Full textYaghdjian, Laurence. "Etude des mécanismes de transformation de matériaux céramiques sous l'influence d'un rayonnement UV intense." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX11015.
Full textRocco, Caroline. "Polymérisation sous rayonnement UV et lumière naturelle de réseaux de polymères interpénétrés pour des revêtements auto-régénérants." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MULH8175.
Full textInterpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) combine properties of their different components. They exhibit high mechanical strength, good thermal stability and chemical resistance. They are thus interesting to overcome the limitations of stand-alone networks. One of the easy and efficient ways to produce IPNs involves light curing. Considering these features, photocured IPNs are very attractive materials for functional polymeric surfaces in the coating industry. This thesis reports the development of hydrophobic coatings showing self-replenishing properties upon surface damage. This concept relies on the segregation of functional groups chemically bound to a light-cured IPN network towards the surface, thanks to the energy difference between surface and bulk. Surface functionality self-repairing mechanism requires a homogeneous distribution and a sufficient mobility of functional groups in the polymeric network. Self-replenishing hydrophobic surfaces based on a UV-cured acrylate network have been firstly developed in order to demonstrate the proof of concept. In a second part, UV and visible-light cured IPNs combining two polymers (acrylates and epoxides) with low and high Tgs (self-replenishing together with mechanical resistance), showing different morphologies have been investigated. Finally, self-replenishing hydrophobic surfaces with enhanced Tg more suitable for industrial applications have been obtained
Legeay, Gérard. "Couches minces amorphes d'ITO : caractérisation, structure, évolution et fonctionnalisation sous rayonnements UV." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00567155.
Full textBlanc, Denise. "Etude théorique et expérimentale du séchage et de la réticulation sous rayonnement infrarouge d'une peinture de type epoxy-amine à base aqueuse sur support métallique." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10180.
Full textCatilaz-Simonin, Laurence. "Conception, mise au point, propriétés, d'un revêtement pigmenté polymérisable sous irradiation UV-visible." Mulhouse, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MULH0253.
Full textWattiez, Emmanuelle. "Etude de la copolymérisation réticulante de monomères et d'oligomères vinyliques sous UV ou par faisceau d'électrons : application à l'impression pigmentaire des textiles par jet de couleur." Le Mans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEMA1022.
Full textDouibi, Driss. "Réticulation sous micro-ondes (2,45 GHz) des composites D. G. E. B. A. -D. D. M. /poudre de cuivre : influence du mode d'émission du rayonnement électromagnétique et de la concentration des particules métalliques." Toulouse, INPT, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPT012G.
Full textLaurent, Sabine. "Développement et études de l’influence des procédés d’application et de réticulation de vernis acrylates photo-polymérisables (à 100% d’extrait sec)." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0006/document.
Full textThis research aimed to study the impact of the application and the curing process conditions on the UV-cured coating properties. The UV formulation is a high solid content clear-coat, containing acrylates oligomer and monomers, and developed for thermoplastics substrate, to protect them against scratches. The characterization of the coating and the polycarbonate substrate showed the interaction between the two polymers. UV irradiation is the key to create the polymer network. Several parameters can affect the evolution of its energy and intensity: the conveyor speed, the position of the sample under the bulb, the distance between the last two, and the focalisation of the UV rays. The coating is then analysed in terms of scratch resistance, by the microscratch test. This test gives information about the ductile/brittle transition, the elastic behaviour and the adhesion work. It is completed by the reticulation rate measure. These properties can be modified by the UV radiation setting and the process conditions, like the angle of the support, the coating thickness, and the thermic pre-treatment of the materials before the application or the curing. The clear coat is aimed to be sprayed by electrostatic rotary deposition. The study of the rheological behaviour of the liquid coating showed an impact of the heating on its viscosity. Semi-industrials tests allowed highlighting the process parameters in order to improve the coating levelling and appearance
Glorian-Schmitt, Valérie. "Contribution à la compréhension de la régulation de la traduction sélective des ARNm sous stress, par l'étude de la régulation traductionnelle de l'ARNm de la GTPase rhoB sous UV." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1281/.
Full textWhen confronted with genotoxic stress, a highly specific and controlled gene expression program is necessary to allow cells to adapt rapidly to environmental changes. MRNA translation, the final step of gene expression, is finely regulated. Although global protein synthesis is inhibited by different cell stresses, mRNAs encoding some stress response proteins are preferentially translated. To study stress-dependent regulation of translation, we have investigated the translational regulation of the immediate-early response gene rhoB upon UV exposure. UV-induced RhoB expression contributes to the regulation of keratinocyte cell survival after UV exposure. RhoB has also been proposed to act as a tumor suppressor and its expression is often down-regulated in several cancers. We have shown that miR-19 and HuR bind to rhoB mRNA in an interdependent manner to inhibit RhoB expression. We have identified a novel mechanism by which the rhoB mRNA evades global repression of translation upon UV exposure. This effect is not associated with UV-dependant regulation of miR-19 expression but involves the loss of the interdependent binding of HuR and miR-19 on the rhoB mRNA upon UV exposure. Thus, inhibition of rhoB mRNA translation mediated by those factors is relieved. Furthermore, we have shown that this regulation contributes to the anti-apoptotic function of RhoB. This work suggests that the regulation of translation by microRNAs and mRNA binding proteins may be determinant in several cellular processes including the response to stress
Mievis, Isabelle. "Synthèse, caractérisation et photoréactivité d'oligomères hyperbranchés." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210845.
Full textLe but du travail de thèse est d'obtenir de nouveaux revêtements de surface, à partir de polymères hyperbranchés ou de polymères fortement branchés, qui trouveront leur application dans l'industrie chimique.
La thèse s'articule autour de trois chapitres de synthèse suivis d'un chapitre traitant de la photoréactivité des oligomères linéaires, fortement branchés, et hyperbranchés.
La première approche de synthèse envisagée est la copolymérisation alternante radicalaire. Divers maléimides ont été engagés dans des copolymérisations radicalaires avec des allyléthers sans succès.
Lorsque ces derniers sont remplacés par des vinyls éthers, une copolymérisation alternante est observée. Néanmoins, une importante irreproductibilité est constatée, certains batchs donnant lieu à une gélification.
La seconde voie de synthèse étudiée est l'approche classique de polycondensation de monomères de type AB2 .Le monomère AB2 est obtenu par addition de Michael de la diéthanolamine sur l'acrylate de méthyle. La polycondensation est concomitante avec l'acrylation des fonctions alcools. La compétition entre ces deux réactions limite les masses molaires accessibles bien que les réactions de transestérification soient catalysées par des dérivés du Zr et que la stoechiométrie ait été variée.
La troisième voie de synthèse se base aussi sur la réaction de Michael. Des oligomères fortement branchés sont obtenus à partir de 1,6-hexanedioldiacrylate et d'éthylènediamine. Leurs analogues linéaires sont synthétisés en remplaçant l'éthylènediamine par la propylamine. Lors de ces synthèses, il est apparu que les oligomères fortement branchés ont une viscosité supérieure à celle des oligomères linéaires!
Les oligomères hyperbranchés et acrylés, les oligomères linéaires et leurs analogues fortement branchés ont été étudiés du point de vue de leur photoréticulation sous rayonnement UV. Contrairement à ce qui était attendu, ils se sont montrés moins réactifs que les produits les plus performants de Cytec-Surface Specialties. Lors de cette étude, l'effet bénéfique des mines tertiaires sur l'inhibition par l'oxygène est apparu plus complexe que décrit dans la littérature.
Doctorat en sciences appliquées
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Amokrane, Gana. "Influence du greffage covalent de polymères bioactifs, sous irradiations UV, sur des échafaudages en fibres PCL électrofilées : Caractérisation de surface, étude des propriétés mécaniques et évaluation de la réponse biologique." Thesis, Paris 13, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA131069.
Full textElectrospinning, an electrostatic fiber fabrication technique has evinced more interest in recent years due to its versatility and potential for applications in diverse fields especially in tissue engineering. Polycaprolactone (PCL) polymer has been approved for biomedical application and offers excellent mechanical properties and slow biodegradation, making it an appropriate material for use as a scaffold for tissue engineering. Previous studies carried out in our laboratory have shown that the covalent direct grafting (“Grafting From” method) of bioactive polymers or copolymers allows to overcome the PCL hydrophobicity and can favor cell adhesion and differentiation onto scaffolds. Various PCL scaffolds with different microstructures were prepared by electrospinning. The grafting of bioactive polymers on PCL electrospun scaffolds was carried out using two “grafting from” techniques; (i) the thermal grafting for 1 or 3 hours which requires a surface activation by ozonation as reference and (ii) the UV grafting for 1 hour with or without surface activation. We compared these grafting techniques in terms of surface modification, effect of the grafting processes on the intrinsic PCL properties. In vitro assay experiments were carried out to observe the fibroblast cell behavior on various functionalized scaffolds exhibiting different degrees of surface hydrophilicity and compare them to each other as well as an ungrafted scaffold. The successful grafting of ionic polymers onto the grafted PCL scaffolds was demonstrated using surface characterization techniques. Possible changes in the intrinsic properties of PCL have been studied using mechanical characterization, size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Finally, the biodegradation at different time points of these scaffolds was evaluated in different environments. This study shows the elaboration of various PCL fiber scaffolds, their functionalization by the grafting of bioactive polymers and the appreciation of the mechanical and microstructural changes. The in vitro biological assays have shown the favorable effect of the grafted polymer on the cellular response and that, depending on the microstructure type of the scaffold, its surface functionalization by bioactive polymers and its surface hydrophilicity, different cell behaviors can be observed
Pennaneach, Vincent. "Etude du facteur de réplication C : caractérisation de nouvelles fonctions de la large sous-unité RF-Cp145." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10179.
Full textDirckx, Olivier. "Éude du comportement photochimique de l'Abiès grandis sous irradiation solaire." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10439.
Full textHadrich, Ahdi. "Nouveaux hydrogels à base de polysaccharide obtenus par voie biomimétique ou par photoréticulation." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR017/document.
Full textIn the framework of an eco-responsible context and to take advantage of biocompatibility, notably in cosmetic and biomedical applications, we have developed new hydrogels based on neutral and anionic polysaccharides using two original routes. The first approach is biomimetic and consists of mimicking a natural development of hydrogels that is found in certain plants for which an enzyme, laccase, allows to create crosslinks by dimerization of phenolic compounds, in occurrence of ferulic acid (FA) present on arabinoxylans mucilage of cereal seeds for example. Thus, our work consisted in grafting ferulic acid via two different chemical ways that means imidazole and carbodiimide respectively for neutral or anionic polysaccharides. We functionalized three polysaccharides: pullulan or PUL (neutral model), carboxymethylpullulane or CMP (model anionic) and hyaluronic acid or HA (anionic of interest) with grafting rates of between 2 and 25%. The physicochemical study in diluted and semi-diluted regimes evidenced an associative behavior due to the amphiphilic character of the functionalized polysaccharides. The crosslinking in the presence of laccase, followed in situ thanks to rheology, has been successfully performed on the various envisaged systems with possible controls of kinetics, the final mechanical properties or the swelling of the hydrogels as a function of the neutral or charged nature of the polysaccharides, the degree of substitution in FA, the polymer concentration or the enzymatic activity. The synthesized derivatives have generally demonstrated interesting biological activities (antioxidant and cytocompatibility). The second approach is based on the possible photocrosslinking of polysaccharides (PUL, CMP and HA) functionalized by the grafting of mono or polyunsaturated fatty amine/acid (oleylamine, oleic acid and linoleic acid) via imidazole chemistry. If pullulan grafted with 2% of linoleic acid was found to be water-insoluble due to its neutral character, all other derivatives (i.e. anionic ones) with grafting rates of 3 and 10% showed good solubility in water. The physicochemical studies show a very strong associative character of these amphiphilic derivatives with the formation of physical gels in semi-diluted regime. Photocrosslinking has been demonstrated in situ thanks to rheology/UV irradiation in the presence of a Darocur 1173® photoinitiator. The preliminary results according to this photocrosslinking approach thus open interesting perspectives