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Journal articles on the topic 'Retinal shape'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

van Vught, Luc, Denis P. Shamonin, Gregorius P. M. Luyten, Berend C. Stoel, and Jan-Willem M. Beenakker. "MRI-based 3D retinal shape determination." BMJ Open Ophthalmology 6, no. 1 (2021): e000855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2021-000855.

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ObjectiveTo establish a good method to determine the retinal shape from MRI using three-dimensional (3D) ellipsoids as well as evaluate its reproducibility.Methods and analysisThe left eyes of 31 volunteers were imaged using high-resolution ocular MRI. The 3D MR-images were segmented and ellipsoids were fitted to the resulting contours. The dependency of the resulting ellipsoid parameters on the evaluated fraction of the retinal contour was assessed by fitting ellipsoids to 41 different fractions. Furthermore, the reproducibility of the complete procedure was evaluated in four subjects. Finall

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Cessac, Bruno. "Retinal Processing: Insights from Mathematical Modelling." Journal of Imaging 8, no. 1 (2022): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging8010014.

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The retina is the entrance of the visual system. Although based on common biophysical principles, the dynamics of retinal neurons are quite different from their cortical counterparts, raising interesting problems for modellers. In this paper, I address some mathematically stated questions in this spirit, discussing, in particular: (1) How could lateral amacrine cell connectivity shape the spatio-temporal spike response of retinal ganglion cells? (2) How could spatio-temporal stimuli correlations and retinal network dynamics shape the spike train correlations at the output of the retina? These

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Zhang, Ju, Bin Li, Xiao-Lin Xu, and Jost Bruno Hermann Jonas. "Histopathological analysis of the correlation between uveal melanomas and retinal tissue." International Eye Research 2, no. 1 (2021): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18240/ier.2021.01.05.

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AIM: To analyze the impacts of the shape of uveal melanoma on retinal structure. METHODS: Histopathological sections and clinical data from patients with uveal melanoma were retrospectively observed and analyzed, and key indicators including the tumor’s shape, size, height-to-base ratio, retinal thinning and retinal invasion were analyzed. RESULTS: The study included 102 patients (102 eyes) with a mean age of 45.6±12.4y, with 76 (75%) uveal melanomas showing the spindle cell type, 6 (6%) showing the epitheloid cell type, 16 (16%) showing the mixed cell type and 4 (4%) showing predominantly oth

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Nijhawan, Romi. "‘Reversed’ Illusion with Three-Dimensional Müller-Lyer Shapes." Perception 24, no. 11 (1995): 1281–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p241281.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Müller-Lyer illusion is produced by a mechanism which uses information defined in the retinal coordinates, or by a mechanism taking into account the three-dimensional (3-D) shape of the illusion figure. The classical Müller-Lyer figure could not be used to address this question since it is two-dimensional. Three-dimensional Müller-Lyer figures were created to see if the illusion they produce is correlated with the shape of the projected retinal image, or with the shape of these figures defined in a 3-D coordinate frame. In the experiments

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Weitz, Andrew C., Matthew R. Behrend, Nan Sook Lee, et al. "Imaging the response of the retina to electrical stimulation with genetically encoded calcium indicators." Journal of Neurophysiology 109, no. 7 (2013): 1979–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00852.2012.

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Epiretinal implants for the blind are designed to stimulate surviving retinal neurons, thus bypassing the diseased photoreceptor layer. Single-unit or multielectrode recordings from isolated animal retina are commonly used to inform the design of these implants. However, such electrical recordings provide limited information about the spatial patterns of retinal activation. Calcium imaging overcomes this limitation, as imaging enables high spatial resolution mapping of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) activity as well as simultaneous recording from hundreds of RGCs. Prior experiments in amphibian r

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Isakova, Krystyna, Jan O. Pralits, Mario R. Romano, Jan-Willem M. Beenakker, Denis P. Shamonin, and Rodolfo Repetto. "Equilibrium shape of the aqueous humor-vitreous substitute interface in vitrectomized eyes." Modeling and Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology 1, no. 3 (2017): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35119/maio.v1i3.36.

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Purpose: To predict the shape of the interface between aqueous humor and a tamponade, gas or silicone oil (SO), in vitrectomized eyes. To quantify the tamponated retinal surface for various eye shapes, from emmetropic to highly myopic eyes. Methods: We use a mathematical model to determine the equilibrium shape of the interface between the two fluids. The model is based on the VOF (volume of fluids) method. The governing equations are solved numerically using the free software OpenFOAM. We apply the model both to the case of idealized, yet realistic, geometries of emmetropic and myopic eyes an

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SPRINGER, ALAN D. "New role for the primate fovea: A retinal excavation determines photoreceptor deployment and shape." Visual Neuroscience 16, no. 4 (1999): 629–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523899164034.

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In humans, an increasing density of foveal cone photoreceptors occurs slowly over several years after birth, and accounts for a region that subserves high visual acuity. Concurrently, inner retinal cells move centrifugally away from the foveal center. Such developmental rearrangements reflect complex cellular remodeling after the retinal neuronal cells have differentiated and have formed synapses. Explaining foveal morphogenesis is difficult, because differentiated neuronal cells seem incapable of moving actively. Presented here is a biomechanical explanation of how the above events occur. Thi

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Waheed, Amna, Zahra Waheed, M. Usman Akram, and Arslan Shaukat. "Removal of False Blood Vessels Using Shape Based Features and Image Inpainting." Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/839894.

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Automated quantification of blood vessels in human retina is the fundamental step in designing any computer-aided diagnosis system for ophthalmic disorders. Detection and analysis of variations in blood vessels can be used to diagnose several ocular diseases like diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic Retinopathy is a progressive vascular disorder caused due to variations in blood vessels of retina. These variations bring different abnormalities like lesions, exudates, and hemorrhages in human retina which make the vessel detection problematic. Therefore, automated retinal analysis is required to cate

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Alimanović-Halilović, Emina. "Correlation Between Refraction Level and Retinal Breaks in Myopic Eye." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 8, no. 4 (2008): 346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2008.2895.

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In this study we analyzed 180 myopic eyes in order to determine the refraction that is “critical” for the occurrence of retinal breaks as a main cause of retinal detachment. Detachment of retina involves separation of the neurosensory retina from the pigmented epithelium with the severe impairment of vision. After the focused ophthalmological assessment, determination of objective refraction, indirect binocular ophthalmoscopy, we compared the diagnosed retinal breaks according to the shape with the refraction. All the examined eyes were divided into six groups according to the axis length. Mea

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Ha, Yoonhee, Hyun-Ji Yoo, Soowon Shin, and Sang Jun. "Hemispherical Microelectrode Array for Ex Vivo Retinal Neural Recording." Micromachines 11, no. 5 (2020): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11050538.

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To investigate the neuronal visual encoding process in the retina, researchers have performed in vitro and ex vivo electrophysiological experiments using animal retinal tissues. The microelectrode array (MEA) has become a key component in retinal experiments because it enables simultaneous neural recording from a population of retinal neurons. However, in most retinal experiments, it is inevitable that the retinal tissue is flattened on the planar MEA, becoming deformed from the original hemispherical shape. During the tissue deforming process, the retina is subjected to mechanical stress, whi

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Murphy, Allison J., J. Michael Hasse, and Farran Briggs. "Physiological characterization of a rare subpopulation of doublet-spiking neurons in the ferret lateral geniculate nucleus." Journal of Neurophysiology 124, no. 2 (2020): 432–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00191.2020.

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Interest in visual system homologies across species has recently increased. Across species, retinas contain diverse retinal ganglion cells including cells with unusual visual response properties. It is unclear whether rare retinal ganglion cells in carnivores project to and drive similarly unique visual responses in the visual thalamus. We discovered a rare subpopulation of thalamic neurons defined by unique spike shape and visual response properties, suggesting that nonstandard visual computations are common to many species.

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Mazade, Reece E., and Erika D. Eggers. "Light adaptation alters inner retinal inhibition to shape OFF retinal pathway signaling." Journal of Neurophysiology 115, no. 6 (2016): 2761–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00948.2015.

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The retina adjusts its signaling gain over a wide range of light levels. A functional result of this is increased visual acuity at brighter luminance levels (light adaptation) due to shifts in the excitatory center-inhibitory surround receptive field parameters of ganglion cells that increases their sensitivity to smaller light stimuli. Recent work supports the idea that changes in ganglion cell spatial sensitivity with background luminance are due in part to inner retinal mechanisms, possibly including modulation of inhibition onto bipolar cells. To determine how the receptive fields of OFF c

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SPRINGER, A. D., and A. E. HENDRICKSON. "Development of the primate area of high acuity. 1. Use of finite element analysis models to identify mechanical variables affecting pit formation." Visual Neuroscience 21, no. 1 (2004): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523804041057.

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Most primate retinas have an area dedicated for high visual acuity called the fovea centralis. Little is known about specific mechanisms that drive development of this complex central retinal specialization. The primate area of high acuity (AHA) is characterized by the presence of a pit that displaces the inner retinal layers. Virtual engineering models were analyzed with finite element analysis (FEA) to identify mechanical mechanisms potentially critical for pit formation. Our hypothesis is that the pit emerges within the AHA because it contains an avascular zone (AZ). The absence of blood ve

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Luigetti, Marco, Dario Marangoni, Stefano Bartoletti, Mario Sabatelli, and Alessandro Cianfoni. "Retinal Detachment with an Unusual Shape." Internal Medicine 48, no. 19 (2009): 1777–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.48.2630.

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15

Ehrenman, Gayle. "New Retinas for Old." Mechanical Engineering 125, no. 10 (2003): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2003-oct-1.

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This article reviews retinal prosthesis that is a seeing-eye chip with as many as 1000 tiny electrodes to be implanted in the eye. It has the potential to help people who have lost their sight regain enough vision to function independently in the sighted world. The Artificial Retina Project is a collaboration of five US National laboratories, three universities, and the private sector. The interface module and the antenna for future versions of the retinal prosthesis will all be implanted in the eye, instead of outside the eye. The retinal prosthesis will help patients who still have neutral w

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Sangoram, Rohini, V. H. Karambelkar, and Gaurav Paranjpe. "Benign Familial Fleck Retina." Journal of Current Medical Research and Opinion 3, no. 10 (2020): 702–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/jcmro.v3i10.354.

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Familial fleck retina is a rare inherited retinal disease. Sabel Aish & Dajani (1980) first reported ocular findings in seven of 10 siblings in one Arab family. It is an autosomal-recessive condition associated with a distinctive retinal appearance and no apparent visual or electrophysiological deficits . Affected individuals are asymptomatic with a large number of yellow−white flecks of variable size and shape in the midperipheral to far peripheral retina, but did not have any ocular complaints such as loss of visual acuity (VA), impaired visual fields and dark adaptation disturbances. Fl

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Eggers, Erika D., and Peter D. Lukasiewicz. "Interneuron Circuits Tune Inhibition in Retinal Bipolar Cells." Journal of Neurophysiology 103, no. 1 (2010): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00458.2009.

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While connections between inhibitory interneurons are common circuit elements, it has been difficult to define their signal processing roles because of the inability to activate these circuits using natural stimuli. We overcame this limitation by studying connections between inhibitory amacrine cells in the retina. These interneurons form spatially extensive inhibitory networks that shape signaling between bipolar cell relay neurons to ganglion cell output neurons. We investigated how amacrine cell networks modulate these retinal signals by selectively activating the networks with spatially de

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Barlasov-Ioffe, Anna, and Shaul Hochstein. "Illusory-Contour Figures Prime Matching of Real Shapes." Perception 38, no. 8 (2009): 1118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p6118.

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We investigated explicit and implicit properties of the internal representation of illusory-contour figures by studying potential priming effects of this representation. Using a primed matching paradigm (Beller 1971, Journal of Experimental Psychology87 176–182), we found that illusory ‘Kanizsa’ squares and triangles prime later matching of the same shapes, respectively, and not of the alternative shape. This priming effect is present despite the use of an illusory figure as a prime and real shapes as tests. To determine whether implicit processing mechanisms sufficiently induce a representati

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Pocock, Ginger M., Jeffrey W. Oliver, Charles S. Specht, et al. "High-ResolutionIn VivoImaging of Regimes of Laser Damage to the Primate Retina." Journal of Ophthalmology 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/516854.

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Purpose. To investigate fundamental mechanisms of regimes of laser induced damage to the retina and the morphological changes associated with the damage response.Methods. Varying grades of photothermal, photochemical, and photomechanical retinal laser damage were produced in eyes of eight cynomolgus monkeys. An adaptive optics confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope and spectral domain optical coherence tomographer were combined to simultaneously collect complementaryin vivoimages of retinal laser damage during and following exposure. Baseline color fundus photography was performed to complemen

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Kayabasi, Umur A., and Selçuk N. Cekmeceli. "Retinal examination with curcumin in Alzheimer's disease." Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease 5, no. 5 (2022): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v5i5.913.

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Background: Currently there is no definite cure for Alzheimer's therefore early detection is critical. Undetected Alzheimer's Disease (AD) can lead to severe accidents, neglecting to take essential medications, injury to oneself or others, and/or financial problems. Currently, biomarkers are the most promising way to detect Alzheimer's early on. Biomarkers such as beta-amyloid and tau levels taken through invasive mehods or brain scans that involve radiation are among them [20]. Objectives: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) presents itself in the body with an increase in ß-amyloid (Aß) plaque depositio

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Verkicharla, Pavan K., Ankit Mathur, Edward AH Mallen, James M. Pope, and David A. Atchison. "Eye shape and retinal shape, and their relation to peripheral refraction." Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 32, no. 3 (2012): 184–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.2012.00906.x.

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Souto, Eliana B., Elena Sanchez-Lopez, Joana R. Campos, et al. "Retinal Drug Delivery: Rethinking Outcomes for the Efficient Replication of Retinal Behavior." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (2020): 4258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124258.

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The retina is a highly organized structure that is considered to be "an approachable part of the brain." It is attracting the interest of development scientists, as it provides a model neurovascular system. Over the last few years, we have been witnessing significant development in the knowledge of the mechanisms that induce the shape of the retinal vascular system, as well as knowledge of disease processes that lead to retina degeneration. Knowledge and understanding of how our vision works are crucial to creating a hardware-adaptive computational model that can replicate retinal behavior. Th

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Greene, Ernest. "Retinal Encoding of Ultrabrief Shape Recognition Cues." PLoS ONE 2, no. 9 (2007): e871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000871.

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Fried, Shelley I., Aaron C. W. Lasker, Neal J. Desai, Donald K. Eddington, and Joseph F. Rizzo. "Axonal Sodium-Channel Bands Shape the Response to Electric Stimulation in Retinal Ganglion Cells." Journal of Neurophysiology 101, no. 4 (2009): 1972–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.91081.2008.

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Electric stimulation of the retina reliably elicits light percepts in patients blinded by outer retinal diseases. However, individual percepts are highly variable and do not readily assemble into more complex visual images. As a result, the quality of visual information conveyed to patients has been quite limited. To develop more effective stimulation methods that will lead to improved psychophysical outcomes, we are studying how retinal neurons respond to electric stimulation. The situation in the retina is analogous to other neural prosthetic applications in which a better understanding of t

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Tumosa, Nina, and James R. Baker. "The monoclonal antibody H386F labels microglia in the retinal nerve fiber layer of several mammals." Visual Neuroscience 14, no. 4 (1997): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800012621.

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AbstractThe antibody H386F revealed microglia in the retinae of several species: owl monkey, slow loris, galago, ferret, raccoon, and tree shrew. The shape, size, and density of labeled microglia were identical to those labeled by OX-42 and OX-41, two antibodies specific for microglia, in both galago and owl monkey. The labeled microglia varied little in retinal location. There was remarkably little variability in density, shape, number, and size of the abeled microglia between species. All labeled microglia were evenly distributed across, but restricted to, the nerve liber layer. Possible rea

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Breher, Katharina, Alejandro Calabuig, Laura Kühlewein, Focke Ziemssen, Arne Ohlendorf, and Siegfried Wahl. "Comparison of Methods for Estimating Retinal Shape: Peripheral Refraction vs. Optical Coherence Tomography." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 2 (2021): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020174.

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Retinal shape presents a clinical parameter of interest for myopia, and has commonly been inferred indirectly from peripheral refraction (PRX) profiles. Distortion-corrected optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans offer a new and direct possibility for retinal shape estimation. The current study compared retinal curvatures derived from OCT scans vs. PRX measurements in three refractive profiles (0° and 90° meridians, plus spherical equivalent) for 25 participants via Bland–Altman analysis. The radial differences between both procedures were correlated to axial length using Pearson correlation

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Sato, Shinya, Takahiro Yamashita, and Michiyuki Matsuda. "Rhodopsin-mediated light-off-induced protein kinase A activation in mouse rod photoreceptor cells." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 43 (2020): 26996–7003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009164117.

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Light-induced extrasynaptic dopamine release in the retina reduces adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) in rod photoreceptor cells, which is thought to mediate light-dependent desensitization. However, the fine time course of the cAMP dynamics in rods remains elusive due to technical difficulty. Here, we visualized the spatiotemporal regulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in mouse rods by two-photon live imaging of retinal explants of PKAchu mice, which express a fluorescent biosensor for PKA. Unexpectedly, in addition to the light-on-induced suppression, we observed prominen

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Illarionova, A. R., O. M. Potapova, O. A. Kosareva, and Yu R. Kuznetsova. "Frequency of retinal changes in patients with COVID-19: an observational study." Sechenov Medical Journal 11, no. 2 (2020): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47093/2218-7332.2020.11.2.40-49.

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In order to enter cells, SARS-CoV-2 virus uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor that is also expressed in retina. Aim. Determination of the frequency and nature of retinal changes, evaluation of visual functions in patients who have got over COVID-19. Materials and methods. This observational research includes 31 patients aged from 28 to 79 that got over COVID-19 (with severity according to computed tomography (CT): 1–3) in the period from 15 to 40 days before the research. Standard ophthalmological examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed; visual acuity me

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Rock, Irvin, and Christopher M. Linnett. "Is a Perceived Shape Based on its Retinal Image?" Perception 22, no. 1 (1993): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p220061.

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Although the processing of phenomenal shape might be supposed to begin at an early stage, with the shape of the retinal image of an object, it is possible that it does not begin until a later stage at which the locations of the parts of the object have been perceived. Such perceived locations are based on a compensation or constancy mechanism that takes account of eye position. Ordinarily these two possible bases of shape perception—retinal image and perceived location—are confounded. To separate them the parts of a shape were presented sequentially, during which time the eyes were in motion.

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Cora, Virginia, Jasmin Haderspeck, Lena Antkowiak, et al. "A Cleared View on Retinal Organoids." Cells 8, no. 5 (2019): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8050391.

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Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived organoids mimicking tissues and organs in vitro have advanced medical research, as they opened up new possibilities for in-depth basic research on human organ development as well as providing a human in vitro model for personalized therapeutic approaches. hiPSC-derived retinal organoids have proven to be of great value for modeling the human retina featuring a very similar cellular composition, layering, and functionality. The technically challenging imaging of three-dimensional structures such as retinal organoids has, however, raised the ne

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H. Alimanović, Emina. "Correlation Between Bulbar Axis Length and Retinal Ruptures in Case of Myopia Eye." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 9, no. 3 (2009): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2009.2804.

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In this study, we analysed 180 eyes with myopia in order to determine the “criticai” length of bulbar axis for the occurrence of retinal ruptures as the main cause for retinal detachment.After the focused ophthalmological assessment, ultrasonic measurement of the bulbar axis length, indirect binocular ophtalmoscopy, we analysed diag-nosed retinal ruptures according to the shape and axis length.Mean age of our patients was between 48,43 and to 51,60 years with SD ranging from 13,88 to 18,45. The study included 102 (56,6%) male and 78 (43,3%) female patients; there was no statistically significa

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de Jong, Staas, and Gerrit van der Veer. "Computational Techniques Enabling the Perception of Virtual Images Exclusive to the Retinal Afterimage." Big Data and Cognitive Computing 6, no. 3 (2022): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdcc6030097.

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The retinal afterimage is a widely known effect in the human visual system, which has been studied and used in the context of a number of major art movements. Therefore, when considering the general role of computation in the visual arts, this begs the question whether this effect, too, may be induced using partly automated techniques. If so, it may become a computationally controllable ingredient of (interactive) visual art, and thus take its place among the many other aspects of visual perception which already have preceded it in this sense. The present moment provides additional inspiration

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Norman, J. Farley, Amanda M. Beers, Jessica S. Holmin, and Andalexandria M. Boswell. "Effective 3-D shape discrimination survives retinal blur." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 72, no. 6 (2010): 1569–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/app.72.6.1569.

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Feller, Marla B., Daniel A. Butts, Holly L. Aaron, Daniel S. Rokhsar, and Carla J. Shatz. "Dynamic Processes Shape Spatiotemporal Properties of Retinal Waves." Neuron 19, no. 2 (1997): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80940-x.

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Dunne, M. C. M., D. A. Barnes, and R. A. Clement. "A MODEL FOR RETINAL SHAPE CHANGES IN AMETROPIA." Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 7, no. 2 (1987): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.1987.tb01013.x.

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Sandell, Julie H., and Richard H. Masland. "Shape and distribution of an unusual retinal neuron." Journal of Comparative Neurology 280, no. 3 (1989): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.902800312.

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OTT, MATTHIAS, and BRENO BELLINTANI-GUARDIA. "The effect of retinal growth on the postnatal development and distribution of displaced retinal ganglion cells in the retina of the chameleon (squamata)." Visual Neuroscience 20, no. 3 (2003): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523803203060.

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Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) usually increase their dendritic field area with postnatal retinal growth. The mechanisms that regulate the postnatal shape of dendritic arbors in the growing retina are not well understood. Quantitative studies suffer from the difficulty of labeling specific subpopulations of RGCs selectively including their dendritic processes. In this study, we labeled displaced retinal ganglion cells (DGC) that are known to project to the accessory optic system (AOS) in juvenile and adult chameleons by retrograde transport of dextran amines. The complete population of DGCs was

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Katona, Melinda, and László G. Nyúl. "An Approach to the Quantitative Assessment of Retinal Layer Distortions and Subretinal Fluid in SD-OCT Images." Acta Cybernetica 23, no. 2 (2017): 615–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/actacyb.23.2.2017.11.

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A modern tool for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) investigation is Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), which can produce high resolution cross-sectional images of retinal layers. AMD is one of the most frequent reasons for blindness in economically developed countries. AMD means degeneration of the macula, which is responsible for central vision. Since AMD affects only this specific part of the retina, untreated patients lose their fine shape- and face recognition, reading ability, and central vision. Here, we deal with the automatic localization of subretinal fluid areas and also analy

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Rodtook, Annupan, and Sirikan Chucherd. "Optic disc localization using graph traversal algorithm along blood vessel in polar retinal image." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 6 (2022): 3301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i6.3618.

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The optic disc (OD) is an important landmark of the retina and its location is essential for computer-aided diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. This paper presented a new method that applies the proposed graph traversal algorithm for vertical vascular infrastructure to detect root nodes representing the location of optical discs. The proposed algorithms were designed to process the terrific view of blood vessels from a polar image without depending on the prominent OD characteristic of circular/elliptical shape and brightness. Before constructing the vascular infrastructure, the ne

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Li, He, Konstantina Sampani, Xiaoning Zheng, et al. "Predictive modelling of thrombus formation in diabetic retinal microaneurysms." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 8 (2020): 201102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201102.

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Microaneurysms (MAs) are one of the earliest clinically visible signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Vision can be reduced at any stage of DR by MAs, which may enlarge, rupture and leak fluid into the neural retina. Recent advances in ophthalmic imaging techniques enable reconstruction of the geometries of MAs and quantification of the corresponding haemodynamic metrics, such as shear rate and wall shear stress, but there is lack of computational models that can predict thrombus formation in individual MAs. In this study, we couple a particle model to a continuum model to simulate the platelet

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Tóth, Pál, and Charles Straznicky. "The morphological characterization and distribution of displaced ganglion cells in the anuran retina." Visual Neuroscience 3, no. 6 (1989): 551–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800009883.

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AbstractThe number, dendritic morphology, and retinal distribution of displaced ganglion cells were studied in two anuran species, Xenopus laevis and Bufo marinus. Horseradish peroxidase or cobaltic lysine complex was applied to the cut end of the optic nerve, and the size, shape, and retinal position of retrogradely filled ganglion cells displaced into the inner nuclear layer were determined in retinal wholemount and sectioned material. Approximately 1% of ganglion cells in Xenopus and 0.1% in Bufo were found to be displaced. In both species, many of the previously described orthotopic gangli

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Azad, Shorya Vardhan, Vinod Kumar, Rohan Chawla, et al. "In vivo optical biopsy of choroidal osteoma: a swept source optical coherence tomography–based tumor characterization." Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology 12 (January 2020): 251584142092274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515841420922740.

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Objective: To study tumor characteristics of choroidal osteoma by swept source optical coherence tomography. Methods: A retrospective case series done at tertiary referral center in northern India. All patients diagnosed with choroidal osteoma examined on swept source optical coherence tomography were included. Swept source optical coherence tomography images were analyzed for integrity of retinal layers—intraretinal layers, outer retinal layers (photoreceptor), retinal pigment epithelium, and contour abnormalities. Choroidal changes assessed were tumor attributes such as shape, depth of choro

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Lim, Gilbert, Zhan Wei Lim, Dejiang Xu, et al. "Feature Isolation for Hypothesis Testing in Retinal Imaging: An Ischemic Stroke Prediction Case Study." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 9510–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33019510.

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Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability that is difficult to predict reliably. Retinal fundus photography has been proposed for stroke risk assessment, due to its non-invasiveness and the similarity between retinal and cerebral microcirculations, with past studies claiming a correlation between venular caliber and stroke risk. However, it may be that other retinal features are more appropriate. In this paper, extensive experiments with deep learning on six retinal datasets are described. Feature isolation involving segmented vascular tree images is applied to estab

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LI, ZHAOHUI, and LUCIANO DA F. COSTA. "INVESTIGATING SHAPE AND FUNCTION RELATIONSHIP IN RETINAL GANGLION CELLS." Journal of Integrative Neuroscience 01, no. 02 (2002): 195–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219635202000098.

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Zhou, Muru, Do Hyun Kang, Jinsang Kim, and James D. Weiland. "Shape Morphable Hydrogel/Elastomer Bilayer for Implanted Retinal Electronics." Micromachines 11, no. 4 (2020): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11040392.

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Direct fabrication of a three-dimensional (3D) structure using soft materials has been challenging. The hybrid bilayer is a promising approach to address this challenge because of its programable shape-transformation ability when responding to various stimuli. The goals of this study are to experimentally and theoretically establish a rational design principle of a hydrogel/elastomer bilayer system and further optimize the programed 3D structures that can serve as substrates for multi-electrode arrays. The hydrogel/elastomer bilayer consists of a hygroscopic polyacrylamide (PAAm) layer cofacia

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Yang, Yi-rong, Justin Wanek, and Mahnaz Shahidi. "Representing the retinal line spread shape with mathematical functions." Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B 9, no. 12 (2008): 996–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.b0820184.

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Atchison, David A., Nicola Pritchard, Katrina L. Schmid, Dion H. Scott, Catherine E. Jones, and James M. Pope. "Shape of the Retinal Surface in Emmetropia and Myopia." Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science 46, no. 8 (2005): 2698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.04-1506.

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Yeh, Ryan Y., Ken K. Nischal, Philip LeDuc, and Jonathan Cagan. "Written in Blood: Applying Shape Grammars to Retinal Vasculatures." Translational Vision Science & Technology 9, no. 9 (2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/tvst.9.9.36.

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Lisney, Thomas J., Andrew N. Iwaniuk, Mischa V. Bandet, and Douglas R. Wylie. "Eye Shape and Retinal Topography in Owls (Aves: Strigiformes)." Brain, Behavior and Evolution 79, no. 4 (2012): 218–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000337760.

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Coelho, Regina Celia, Vito Di Gesù, Giosuè Lo Bosco, Júlia Sawaki Tanaka, and Cesare Valenti. "Shape-Based Features for Cat Ganglion Retinal Cells Classification." Real-Time Imaging 8, no. 3 (2002): 213–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rtim.2002.0281.

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