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1

Foulo, T. Migrant workers' retrenchments: Implications for Lesotho economy. Maseru, Lesotho: Central Bank of Lesotho, 1991.

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2

Clark, Robert. The legal regulation of private sector retrenchments. Kensington, NSW, Australia: Industrial Relations Research Centre, University of New South Wales, 1987.

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3

Wintermann, Ole. Vom Retrenchment zur Krisenreaktionsfähigkeit. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80731-1.

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4

Starke, Peter. Radical Welfare State Retrenchment. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230288577.

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5

Auster, Ethel. Retrenchment in Canadian academic libraries. Ottawa, Ont: Canadian Library Association, 1991.

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6

Akyuz, Yilmaz. Maastricht and fiscal retrenchment in Europe. Geneva: UNCTAD, 1993.

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7

Amable, Bruno. Welfare state retrenchment: The partisan effect revisited. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2006.

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8

Starke, Peter. Radical welfare state retrenchment in comparative perspective. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

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9

Mohamed, Ashgar Ali Ali. Retrenchment: The law and practice in Malaysia. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia: Sweet & Maxwell Asia, 2012.

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10

Kronsten, Gregory. Zaire to the 1990s: Will retrenchment work?. London: Economist Intelligence Unit, 1986.

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11

Starke, Peter. Radical welfare state retrenchment in comparative perspective. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.

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12

Menze, L. E. Iziphumo zodendo: Xhosa drama, "the results of retrenchment". Pretoria: Academica, 1998.

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13

Oxford Institute for Energy Studies., ed. Kuwait and Saudi Arabia: From prosperity to retrenchment. (Oxford): Oxford Institute for energy Studies, 1990.

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14

Report of the Bihar and Orissa Retrenchment Committee. Patna: Supt., Govt. Print., Bihar and Orissa, 1985.

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15

Olivei, Giovanni P. Fiscal retrenchment and the level of economic activity. Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, 1999.

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16

Denis, Laurent G. The management of retrenchment in Canadian academic libraries. [Toronto]: Faculty of Library and Information Science, University of Toronto, 1988.

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17

M, Altschuler David. New York nonprofit organizations: The challenge of retrenchment. Washington, D.C. (2100 M St., N.W., Washington 20037): Urban Institute, 1987.

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18

Salamon, Lester M. Rhode Island nonprofit organizations: The challenge of retrenchment. Washington, D.C: Urban Institute, 1987.

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19

Olivei, Giovanni P. Fiscal retrenchment and the level of economic activity. Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, 1999.

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20

Brown, BT Alex. The oil sector in 1999: Recovery or retrenchment?. London: BT Alex Brown, 1999.

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21

Army War College (U.S.). Strategic Studies Institute and Army War College (U.S.). Press, eds. Strategic retrenchment and renewal in the American experience. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute and U.S. Army War College Press, 2014.

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22

Challenging status quo retrenchment: New directions in critical research. Charlotte, North Carolina: Information Age Publishing, Inc., 2013.

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23

Hardy, Cynthia. The politics of collegiality: Retrenchment strategies in Canadian universities. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1996.

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24

The politics of collegiality: Retrenchment strategies in Canadian universities. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1996.

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25

Strategies for retrenchment and turnaround: The politics of survival. Berlin: W. de Gruyter, 1990.

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26

Salamon, Lester M. San Francisco Bay Area nonprofit organizations: The challenge of retrenchment. Washington, D.C. (2100 M St., N.W., Washington 20037): Urban Institute, 1987.

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27

Jónsson, Guðmundur. Retrenchment or renewal?: Welfare states in times of economic crisis. Helsinki: Nordic Centre of Excellence NordWel, 2013.

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28

Office, International Labour, ed. Public sector shock: The impact of policy retrenchment in Europe. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2013.

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29

Peterson, Lorna. Managing retrenchment in the public sector: A checklist of materials. Monticello, Ill., USA: Vance Bibliographies, 1986.

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30

Ross, Fiona. Framing welfare reform in affluent societies: Rendering retrenchment more palatable? San Domenico di Fiesole, Italy: European University Institute, Robert Schuman Centre, 2000.

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31

Resisting the state: Reform and retrenchment in post-Soviet Russia. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

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32

Pickering, Jeffrey. Britain's withdrawal from east of Suez: The politics of retrenchment. New York: St. Martin's Press in association with Institute of Contemporary British History, 1998.

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33

1950-, Ventriss Curtis, ed. Public health in a retrenchment era: An alternative to managerialism. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1985.

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34

Johnson, David A. The Boise nonprofit sector in a time of government retrenchment. Washington, D.C: The Institute, 1986.

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35

Dismantling the welfare state?: Reagan, Thatcher, and the politics of retrenchment. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

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36

Mamuya, Ian. Structural adjustment and retrenchment in the Civil Service: The case of Tanzania. Geneva: International Labour Office, 1991.

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37

Rodgers, Sanda, and Sheila McIntyre. The Supreme Court of Canada and social justice: Commitment, retrenchment or retreat. Markham, Ont: LexisNexis, 2010.

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38

K, Brown Michael, ed. Remaking the welfare state: Retrenchment and social policy in America and Europe. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1988.

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39

Thana, Sanmugam, Amarasuriya Harini, and CENWOR (Organization : Sri Lanka), eds. Impact of macro economic reforms in Sri Lanka: Retrenchment and early retirement. Colombo: Centre for Women's Research, 2003.

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40

Haveman, Robert H. Behavioral responses to Social Security retrenchment: Estimates from a trichotomous choice model. [Madison]: University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1985.

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41

O, Omolo Jacob, ed. Civil service reform policy in Kenya: A review of the retrenchment strategy. Nairobi: Institute of Policy Analysis and Research, 2006.

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42

Bureau, India Labour, ed. Statistics on closures, retrenchments, and lay-offs in industries in India, during the year 2001. Shimla: Govt. of India, Ministry of Labour, Labour Bureau, 2003.

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43

Bureau, India Labour, ed. Statistics on industrial disputes, closures, retrenchments, and lay-offs in India during the year, 2005. Shimla: Govt. of India, Ministry of Labour and Employment, Labour Bureau, 2005.

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44

Bureau, India Labour, ed. Statistics on closures, retrenchments, and lay-offs in industries in India during the year 2000. Shimla: Govt. of India, Ministry of Labour, Labour Bureau, 2002.

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45

Levy, Jonah D. Welfare Retrenchment. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579396.003.0038.

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46

Introvigne, Massimo. Retrenchment and Mainstreaming. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190842420.003.0004.

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This final chapter presents a case study of Brethren IV, known today as the Plymouth Brethren Christian Church (PBCC). It starts with a discussion of the legal case before the British Charity Commission, which lasted from 2006 to 2014, and finally led to the recognition of the PBCC as a bona fide religious body. The case is analysed in the context of controversies surrounding in various countries the PBCC and its schools. Some Christians accuse the PBCC of being heretic, and some secular ‘anti-cultists’ see in the PBCC a ‘cult’ harmful to its members and particularly to children. In general, these accusations fail to recognize how the PBCC is changing and evolving by adapting itself to its various host societies, without however renouncing its most distinctive (and controversial) characters, including the strict separation of believers and unbelievers.
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47

Retallack, James. Crisis and Retrenchment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199668786.003.0011.

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This chapter begins by examining the violent street protests in 1905 in favor of suffrage reform in Saxony. At this time, the authority of Saxony’s state ministry reached a new low, and opponents of Social Democracy were forced to temporize even as they considered which suffrage reform proposals to adopt. Then the culture of working-class protest is examined from the perspective of Social Democracy’s new confidence and bourgeois fears of “the rabble.” This chapter’s second section examines the setback suffered by Social Democrats in the Reichstag election of 1907, and the lessons they and their enemies learned. This section examines the reasons for Social Democratic losses in Saxony, which included a new willingness on the Right to undertake the hard labor of grass-roots agitation. Yet the Right still sought to slow or halt Germany’s political democratization.
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48

Piven, Frances Fox. The Politics of Retrenchment. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199548453.003.0042.

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49

Bharuthram, Ramesh, and Larry Pokpas, eds. From Hope to Action through Knowledge: The Renaissance of the University of the Western Cape, 2001-2014. African Sun Media, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18820/9781990995019.

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Its November 2001. A university in dire straits, financially bankrupt burdening a debt in excess of R100-million, a disillusioned and demoralised staff complement still reeling from the trauma of retrenchments, coupled with an academic project facing collapse as student numbers dwindle by a third to less than 10 000. Is there a future for such an institution, described by some as a ‘basket case’ with very bleak prospects of survival? This was the landscape that confronted the newly-appointed Vice-Chancellor and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the University of the Western Cape. Fast forward to December 2014. The CEO retires from office, bestowing upon his successor a financially sound institution with a flourishing academic project, recording unprecedented achievements, enriching the lives of more than 20 000 students, and widely acknowledged as a research-led university. This book narrates how visionary leadership with the steadfast belief that your past does not determine your future, galvanised an entire organisation into believing that a better outcome was indeed achievable, and the will to move forward as a collective with a redefined purpose and commitment to achieve that which was once deemed impossible.
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50

Spies, Dennis C. Immigration and Welfare State Retrenchment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812906.001.0001.

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Is large-scale immigration to Europe incompatible with the continent’s generous and encompassing welfare states? Are Europeans willing to share welfare benefits with ethnically different and often less well-off immigrants? Or do they regard the newcomers as undeserving and their claim for welfare rights as unjustified? These questions are at the heart of what has become known as the “New Progressive Dilemma” (NPD) debate—and the predominant answers given to them are rather pessimistic. Pointing to the experiences of the US, where a multi-racial society in combination with a longstanding history of immigration encounters very limited welfare provision, many Europeans fear that the continent’s new immigrant-based heterogeneity may push it toward more American levels of redistribution. But are the conflictual US experiences really reflected in the European context? Immigration and Welfare State Retrenchment addresses this question by connecting the New Progressive Dilemma debate with comparative welfare state and party research in order to analyze the role ethnic diversity plays in welfare reforms in the US and Europe. Whereas the combination of racial patterns and party politics had and still has serious consequences for the US welfare system, the general message of the book is that these are not echoed in the Western European context. In addition, while many Europeans are very critical of immigration and prepared to ban immigrants from welfare benefits, both the institutional design of European welfare programs and the economically divided anti-immigrant movement prevent immigration concerns from translating into actual retrenchment in the core areas of welfare.
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