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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Retroelement'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Thomson, Gabrielle Anne Biotechnology &amp Biomolecular Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "Retroelements as controlling elements in mammals." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/26203.

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Retroelements are genomic parasites which make up ~42% of the human genome and 38% of the mouse genome. Most are degenerate, but a large number have relatively intact promoter elements, suggesting that they are capable of transcription. Transcriptionally active retroelements can perturb normal transcription units in their vicinity through a variety of mechanisms, leading to phenotypic effects and in some cases disease. This phenomenon of transcriptional interference has been observed in organisms as diverse as maize, Drosophila, and the mouse. We analysed the extent of retroelement transcr

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2

ORICCHIO, ELISA. "I retroelementi nella tumorigenesi: ruoli distinti di LINE-1 ed HERV-K nella progressione tumorale." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/399.

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I retroelementi sono sequenze altamente ripetute disperse nel genoma, che codificano per una Trascrittasi Inversa (RT). Cellule e tessuti caratterizzati da una elevata capacità di proliferazione e un basso grado di differenziamento (come cellule tumorali o embrionali) esprimono alti livelli di RT che al contrario è scarsamente espressa in tessuti terminalmente differenziati. E’ noto da precedenti studi condotti nel nostro laboratorio che il trattamento di diverse linee cellulari tumorali con due inibitori non nucleosidici della RT, la nevirapina ed l’efavirenz, induce una riduzione dell

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3

Lightbourn, Gordon James. "Development of intermonoploid somatic hybrids of potato and their molecular analysis based on polymorphism for retroelement Tst1." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28810.

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Inbred lines for hybrid crop production have been a mainstay of plant breeding. Biotechnological approaches to hasten the process are available including anther culture to halve the genome and protoplast fusion to create hybrids between incompatible partners. We applied these techniques to potato to evaluate their potential for breeding highly heterozygous, cross-pollinating species. Four families of monoploids (2n=1x=12), developed from diploid hybrids with diverse genomic constitutions but heavily favoring Solanum phureja, a primitive cultivated potato, were used in electrofusion experiments

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4

Meyn, Malcolm Anthony 1967. "A genetic, biochemical, and population analysis of MGL, a non-LTR retroelement from the plant pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe grisea." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288755.

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This dissertation describes the characterization of a novel transposable element isolated from the plant pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe grisea. The sequence of MGR583, a previously reported repeated DNA fragment, was completed and shown to have features characteristic of non-LTR retroelements (LINEs). These include an element length of 5.9 kb, the lack of flanking long terminal repeats, the presence of short (6-13 bp) direct repeats flanking many element copies, and two principal open reading frames (ORFs). The first ORF is 570 amino acids in length and contains homology to the gag ORFs found

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5

Volkmann, Bianca [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Gramberg, Andreas [Gutachter] Burkovski, and Andreas [Gutachter] Burkovski. "The role of TRIM proteins in retrovirus and retroelement restriction / Bianca Volkmann ; Gutachter: Andreas Burkovski, Andreas Burkovski ; Betreuer: Thomas Gramberg." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2020. http://d-nb.info/1216332967/34.

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6

Adhya, Indranil. "Exhaustive Identification of the retroelement Ty1 Integrase partners in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae : characterization of the role of Casein kinase II in Ty1 retrotransposition in vivo." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS589.

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Les rétrotransposons LTR sont des éléments transposables très répandus chez les eucaryotes. Comme les rétrovirus, ils se répliquent par transcription inverse de leur ARN en ADNc, qui est intégré dans le génome hôte par leur propre intégrase (IN). Des études de séquençage à haut débit ont clairement établi que l'intégration ne se fait pas de façon aléatoire dans l'ensemble du génome de la cellule hôte. Des connaissances approfondies sur la biologie rétrovirale ont été acquises grâce à leur étude sur la levure utilisant le Ty1 LTR-retrotransposon comme modèle de travail. Le rétrotransposon Ty1 d

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7

Hodes, Asher Benjamin. "Diversity-generating retroelements." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1835260431&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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8

Nottensteiner, Mathias [Verfasser], Ralph [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Hückelhoven, Erich J. [Gutachter] Glawischnig, and Aurélien [Gutachter] Tellier. "Molecular Characterization of Retroelement Encoded ROPIP1 as Virulence Effector of Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei / Mathias Nottensteiner ; Gutachter: Erich J. Glawischnig, Aurélien Tellier, Ralph Hückelhoven ; Betreuer: Ralph Hückelhoven." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/112273834X/34.

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9

Wilson, Williamina. "Ribosomal frameshifting in retroelements." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670301.

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10

Mu, Sen. "Detection of Bacterial Retroelements Using Genomics." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1110.

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The reverse flow of genetic information can occur when a special DNA polymerase called Reverse Transcriptase (RT) copies the genetic information in an RNA molecule back into a complementary DNA. One type of RT encoding gene found in bacteria is called a retron element. Recent bacterial genome sequencing projects have revealed many examples of retron RT genes. This gene assignment is based on comparison with a few known retron RT proteins. However, RT proteins are highly diverse in their amino acid sequences, and thus the assigned identity of these RT proteins as retrons in genome databases is

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11

Arjan-Odedra, Shetal. "Regulation of exogenous retroviruses and endogenous retroelements by MOV10." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/regulation-of-exogenous-retroviruses-and-endogenous-retroelements-by-mov10(7ee91030-835b-4609-971e-f78e4e7aa0cc).html.

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Retroelements are some of the most successful parasites studied because of their ability to reverse transcribe and permanently integrate into the host genome. Host cells have, therefore, evolved multiple control mechanisms, such as cellular restriction factors, to protect their genomes from the pathogenic and mutagenic effects of retroelements. Identification of the full complement of these proteins is vital to comprehend the capacity of the host to regulate these genetic parasites. Human MOV10 is a putative RNA helicase with inhibitory or stimulatory roles in the replication of several RNA vi

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12

Vidal, Newton de Medeiros. "História evolutiva dos LTR-retrotransposons Tom, 297, 17.6 e rover em Drosophilidae." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13628.

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Os elementos de transposição 297, 17.6 e rover de Drosophila melanogaster e Tom de D. anannassae são retrovírus endógenos de insetos filogeneticamente relacionados. Uma análise inicial da distribuição de seqüências homólogas aos retroelementos 297, 17.6 e Tom em 33 espécies Neotropicais de Drosophila, Zaprionus indianus e Scaptodrosophila latifasciaeformis, utilizando Dot Blot e PCR, indicou a distribuição restrita desses elementos ao grupo melanogaster e em Z. indianus. Essa análise inicial motivou-nos a fazer este trabalho, com o objetivo de entender a história evolutiva destes três retroele

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13

Karolski, Bruno. "Efeito da inativação do retroelemento Tnt1 na regeneração de plantas de fumo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-01112007-171834/.

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Elementos de transposição são sequências de DNA que possuem a habilidade de se transpor. Estes elementos são divididos em dois grupos de acordo com seu mecanismo de transposição. Aqueles que se transpõem diretamente a partir de moléculas de DNA são chamados de transposons e os que se transpõem através de um intermediário de RNA são chamados de retrotransposons. Os retrotransposons são encontrados nos mais diversos organismos e sua atividade é altamente regulada pelos seus hospedeiros, uma vez que no processo de transposição, efeitos deletérios decorrentes da inserção/inativação de genes podem

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14

Kreimer, Ulrike [Verfasser]. "Expression und epigenetische Regulation von Retroelementen im Harnblasenkarzinom / Ulrike Kreimer." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198477946/34.

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15

Khalid, Mahwish Rani, and Mahwish Rani Khalid. "Line1: Implications in the Etiology of Human Diseases, Clinical Utilities, and Pharmacological Target for Disease Treatment." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626716.

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Long interspersed nuclear elements-1 (Line-1 or L1) accounts for approximately 17% of the human genome. The majority of L1s are inactive, but ~100 remain retrotransposon competent (RC-L1) and retrotranspose through RNA intermediates to different locations of the genome. It is well established that L1 is involved in both disease initiation and progression via retrotransposition dependent and independent mechanisms. Retrotransposed L1 sequences disrupt loci (e.g. gene structure) in ways that lead to human disease, and activities of L1 si/piRNA, ORF1 and ORF2 proteins are implicated in the etiolo

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16

Cilene, de Andrade Bortoleti Kyria. "Mapeamento cromossômico comparativo em espécies de Glycine Willd., Phaseolus L. e Vigna Savi." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2010. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/6152.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T18:02:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo794_1.pdf: 3152169 bytes, checksum: cc4e181b062470e2d6d2fd6689e4f9eb (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010<br>Um estudo genômico comparativo foi realizado mediante localização in situ de oligonucleotídeos com padrão de microssatélites [(AG)8, (AAG)5, (ACC)5, (CTC)5 e (TGA)6] e dos domínios RT dos retrotransposons Ty1-copia-like e Ty3-gypsy-like, ao longo dos cromossomos de Glycine max, Phaseolus vulgaris, P. lunatus, Vigna unguiculata e V. ra

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17

Bélanger, Kasandra. "Investigation of the Various Modes of Retroviral and Endogenous Retroelements Restriction by APOBEC3 Proteins." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34353.

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Mammals are constantly challenged by numerous pathogens that pose a threat to their health. Upon infection, retroviruses quickly integrate their genome into that of their host thereby permanently modifying it. Protein members of the APOBEC3 (A3) family exhibit cytidine deaminase activity that specifically acts on single-stranded DNA to deaminate deoxycytidine bases into deoxyuridines. This process is potentially mutagenic because uracil directs the insertion of adenine on the opposite DNA strand. High levels of mutations induced by A3 proteins in the retroviral genome ultimately inactivate pro

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18

Schillinger, Thomas [Verfasser], and Nora [Akademischer Betreuer] Zingler. "Diversitätsgenerierende Retroelemente – Identifikation, Klassifizierung, Phylogenie und in vitro-Funktionsanalysen / Thomas Schillinger. Betreuer: Nora Zingler." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1038694833/34.

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19

Heredia, Fabiana de Oliveira. "Evolução do retroelemento gypsy em espécies de Drosophila e Zaprionus indianus : uma abordagem filogenética." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/3156.

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20

Medhekar, Vaibhav. "Functional and immunoprotective properties of Bordetella Bsp22 & functional analysis of chromosomal diversity-generating retroelements." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1619515971&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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21

Simão, Maryanna Cristiano. "Os elementos de transposição NLTR BS e Helena estão associados a eventos de transferência horizontal em Drosofilídeos? /." São José do Rio Preto, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/149751.

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Orientador: Claudia Marcia Aparecida Carareto<br>Banca: Gustavo Campos e Silva Kuhn<br>Banca: Luis Gustavo da Conceição Galego<br>Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar se os retrotransposons sem LTRs (NLTRs) Helena e BS estiveram envolvidos em eventos de transferência horizontal (HT) durante a diversificação concomitante pela qual passaram as espécies do subgrupo melanogaster, do grupo melanogaster de Drosophila, e do subgênero Zaprionus, na África Tropical. O modo de transposição dos elementos NLTRs, sem a formação de um DNA intermediário, é utilizado para explicar a escassez de re

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22

Starnes, John H. "CHARACTERIZATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF NOVEL NON-LTR RETROELEMENTS DRIVING HIGH TELOMERE RFLP DIVERSITY IN CLONAL LINES OF MAGNAPORTHE ORYZAE." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/plantpath_etds/6.

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The filamentous ascomycete fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is a pathogen of over 50 genera of grasses. Two important diseases it can cause are gray leaf spot in Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) and blast in Oryza sativa (rice). The telomeres of M. oryzae isolates causing gray leaf spot are highly variable, and can spontaneously change during fungal culture. In this dissertation, it is shown that a rice-infecting isolate is much more stable at the telomeres than an isolate from gray leaf spot. To determine the molecular basis of telomere instability several gray leaf spot isolates telomeres were c

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23

Jakobi, Lisa [Verfasser], and Nora [Akademischer Betreuer] Zingler. "Analyse und biochemische Charakterisierung der Protein‐Komponenten eines Diversitätsgenerierenden Retroelements aus Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 / Lisa Jakobi ; Betreuer: Nora Zingler." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1123071403/34.

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24

Herrmann, Alexandra [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Gramberg, and Lars [Gutachter] Nitschke. "The role of SAMHD1 in restriction and immune sensing of retroviruses and retroelements / Alexandra Herrmann ; Gutachter: Lars Nitschke ; Betreuer: Thomas Gramberg." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2018. http://d-nb.info/1164768514/34.

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25

Dong, Kevin Brian. "Analysis of the role of the histone methyltransferase G9a in transcriptional repression of introduced and endogenous retroelements in murine embryonic stem cells." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/18820.

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DNA methylation and posttranslational histone modification are epigenetic marks that influence transcription of associated DNA. DNA methylation involves the direct addition of methyl groups to cytosine bases in DNA, and is associated with transcriptional repression. Histone modification can be associated with either activation or repression, and involves covalent addition of a wide variety of chemical groups to the N-terminal tails of the core histones. A relationship between DNA methylation of repetitive elements and methylation of H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) exists in Arabidopsis thaliana, where m

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26

Pélissier, Thierry. "Analyse des regions adjacentes a l'adn satellite majeur chez arabidopsis thaliana : identification et caracterisation d'une nouvelle famille de retroelements, les elements athila." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CLF21764.

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L'heterochromatine constitutive represente un composant ubiquitaire du genome des eucaryotes superieurs dont le role biologique est encore largement meconnu. Chez de nombreux organismes et notamment chez les plantes, peu d'informations sont egalement disponibles sur la structure moleculaire precise de l'heterochromatine constitutive. Nous avons initie l'exploration de ces regions heterochromatiques chez la plante modele arabidopsis thaliana par l'analyse de regions adjacentes au satellite majeur d'arabidopsis, le satellite 180 pb qui represente certainement le principal constituant de l'hetero

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27

Pelinski, Yanís. "Chromatin Disorganization as a Regulator of Irradiation-Induced L1Md Expression and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Function Thrombopoietin Protects Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Retrotransposon-Mediated Damage by Promoting an Antiviral Response." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS122.

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L'exposition à l’irradiation, comme lors des radiothérapies, affecte l'intégrité et la fonction des cellules souches hématopoïétiques (CSH). L’IR est donc associée au développement de maladies myéloïdes liées à la thérapie, telles que les syndromes myélodysplasiques (SMD) et les leucémies myéloïdes aiguës secondaires. Par conséquent, l'étude des mécanismes moléculaires qui contribuent à la perte de fonction des CSH induite par le stress, pourrait aider à identifier les patients à risque et à trouver éventuellement de nouvelles stratégies pour prévenir ces maladies.Notre équipe a récemment déco

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28

Li, Wai-Lun Patrick. "Translation of the two proteins encoded by the mouse LINE1 retrotransposon /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2007.

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Thesis (Ph.D. in Biophysics & Genetics, Human Medical Genetics Program) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2007.<br>Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 123-147). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;

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29

Möller, Philipp [Verfasser], and Nora [Akademischer Betreuer] Zingler. "Identifizierung von diversitätsgenerierenden Retroelementen (DGRs) in Cyanobakterien und strukturelle Charakterisierung der Templat RNA eines DGRs aus dem Cyanobakterium Nostoc sp. PCC7120 / Philipp Möller. Betreuer: Nora Zingler." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1072621525/34.

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30

"Shining light on the dark matter of the genome." Tulane University, 2019.

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archives@tulane.edu<br>These studies make strides in better understanding retroelement L1 expression and regulation at the locus-specific level using a combination of sequencing technologies. A picture is painted demonstrating tissue specific patterns of L1 expression when identified stringently and confidently with our developed EL-Seq approach. As it was also determined that expressed L1s significantly correlate with regions of open chromatin, these tissue-specific patterns of L1 expression are then most likely explained by tissue-specific chromatin architecture. Evidence is also presented

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31

Vieira, Marta Alexandra Góis. "Epigenetics and the implication of env retroelements in human genome." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/46034.

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Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2014<br>A Epigenética é definida como as modificações que ocorrem no genoma humano, herdáveis durante a divisão celular mas que não originam uma alteração na cadeia de DNA. Estas alterações levam à formação de um Epigenoma, que corresponde a uma representação de todos os fenómenos epigenéticos que ocorrem no genoma humano. Este conjunto de alterações encontra-se associado com a repressão ou activação da transcrição genética e está presente nalgumas patologias, nomeadamente o cancro.

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32

Carvalho, Margarida Morais de 1983. "Identificação, caracterização e mapeamento físico de retroelementos em Quercus suber L." Master's thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/1190.

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Tese de mestrado em Biologia Celular e Biotecnologia apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2007<br>LTR retrotransposons are ubiquitous mobile genetic elements in eukaryotic organisms, specially in plant kingdom, which represents their ancestrality. As retroelements, like retrovirus, they transpose through an RNA intermediate that is converted to cDNA by reverse transcriptase (RVT) and RNaseH, being then suitable for integration on the host genome. According to their genetic organization and sequence similarity they are classified as Ty1- copia or Ty3-gypsy, muc

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