To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Return of labor migrants.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Return of labor migrants'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Return of labor migrants.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Yu, Li. "Labour market outcomes, migration intentions of rural-urban migrants and return migration in China." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Geography, c2013, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3340.
Full textAbstract:
It has been widely documented that migrant labourers have made great contributions to the urban economy of China; as well, the explosive growth of rural-urban migrants has generated several "migration problems," such as growing social inequality in urban China. It is widely reported that a large number of migrants have returned to their places of origin, after several years of "urban life," and this trend has been accelerated after the global economic crisis after 2008. Consequently, the large number of return migrants have created many problems in the cities, such as labour shortage in the manufacturing industry, and also posed a huge challenge to the rural areas in the resettlement of these returnees. In sum, to understand both the migrants in destination cities and return migrants in their places of origin is of great importance for both urban and rural development in China.
The research so far, on the understanding of migrants' behaviour and labour market outcomes in a multi-phased migration process, seems highly controversial and therefore, insufficient. This study, based on migrant survey data collected in Fujian Province, and return migrant interview data collected in Sichuan and Jiangxi Provinces, explores migrant labour market outcomes in the cities, as well as their geographical differentiation; migrant return intentions, and their gender differentiations; return behaviour and the resettlement situations of actual returnees. The results show that the multi-phased migration process of rural migrants in China is synthetically shaped by macro, meso, and micro factors, and by the interactions between these factors. To be more specific, findings of this study indicate that migrant labour markets in urban China are largely geographically differentiated according to several regional characteristics. The study also finds that a large proportion of rural-urban migrants intends to return to their places of origin. As well, their return intentions are significantly gender-differentiated. Finally, the resettlement situations of return migrants are closely connected to their migration experience.<br>ix, 160 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm
2
Caspari, A. "Intending to return; Portuguese migrants in France : A case study from Grenoble." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375150.
Full textAbstract:
The movement of labour from the less developed countries of southern Europe and North Africa to the industrial economiesof northern Europe in the 1960s and 1970s, has led to a migrant populationof some 15 million in these countries. Poduguese labour migration to France has been part of this wider movement, and the Portuguese are one of the largest migrant groups, representing over one fifth of the estimated four millionmigrants in France. Ambivalenceas to the migrants' status and future is considerable on the level of policy, in the literature concerning these labour migrations, and among the migrants themselves: the uncertainty is whether the phenomenonis one of settlement and permanent immigration or of temporary migration and ultimately the return of migrants to their countries of origin. Takingthe case of Portuguese migrants in Grenoble, this thesis explores the intentions of Portuguese migrant workers in France to return to Portugal. In part this may be seen as a prior intention, consistent with the migrants' initial plans to benefit from the employment opportunities and better pay abroad, and to earn as much money as possible in a short time, in order to be able to return to Portugal. I describe precedents for this kindof a return migration in Portugal's extensive emigration history. However, this return orientation in migration cannot be seen only as the continuity of a cultural form, or as occurring in France in an ideological vacuum. The intention to return to Portugal, which implies a limited commitment to France, and a reference to Portuguese conditions and values, is fundamental in the migrants' tolerance of generally disadvantageous conditions, particularly of employment, in France, and thereby an aspect of the migrants' continuing usefulness there. The migrants' differentiation from the French workforce is in some respects beneficial to French society, and the migrants' economic, political and social marginality is reinforced and perpetuated on an ideologicallevel, by ltgislation, and in a variety of ways in evtryday pratice. Cultural differences may be cultivated, and there is an involuntary aspect to the migrants' marginality and the return orientation. For these reasons I have stressed tht broader political and economic forces in labour migration as the context which acts on the migrants and within which they must act. Yet for many migrants, the intention to return to Portugal is more than a passive response to their vulnerable postition in French society or a product of the ideology of the dominant society. While we are dealing with a subjective intention to return rather than actual returns, this is a dynamic element of migrant identity and culture in France, full of tensions but with great symbolic importance as well as far-reaching practical implications for their lives and the nature of their participation in French life. This is particularly the case for many of the older generation of migrants aged between 30-50. Their return orientation is often accompaniedby an adherence to what they see as 'Portuguese' values and culture, the forms and expressions of which I consider; it is also associated with the maintenance of social and economio links with Portugal, distinctive savings and consumption patterns, a steady flow of remittances, and by a perception of migration as temporary even after 20 or more years' residence in France. The return orientation is central among many Portuguese migrants in France, not just as a latent desire, but as a system of meaning and a structuring principle in every day life; plans to return not only justify migration in tht long term, but are a priority which is used to organise and give coherence to the migrants' daily strategies and choices. TM maintenance of an alternative value system, an identity, and options aside from those that conditions in France impose on them, gives the migrants a certain autonomy despite the constraints of their situation
3
Žvalionytė, Dovilė. "The integration of return migrants in their home country’s labour market: evidence from Lithuania." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20141006_103021-96254.
Full textAbstract:
Migration literature tends to focus on individual level factors, such as human capital acquired abroad, to explain the success of the integration of returnees while neglecting the importance of the environment in their home country. The dissertation offers a theoretical framework, which involves the factors of the home country’s labour market in explaining the integration of return migrants, while at the same time taking into account changes in the human capital of returnees while they were abroad. The empirical findings of the dissertation are based on three representative surveys carried out in late 2013 among three different audiences in Lithuania: 1) adult population (N=1930); 2) employers (N=1000), and 3) returnees (N=804). The research revealed that almost all return migrants have acquired valuable knowledge and skills while abroad that they expect to use in advancing their careers in Lithuania. Yet most of them underutilise their foreign experience after return. Moreover, they feel that their new knowledge and skills are undervalued in Lithuania. Indeed, the research proved that rather unfavourable attitude towards return migrants and their migration experience prevails in Lithuanian society and among employers. Returnee unfriendly environment leads not only to the loss of potential benefits of human capital but also to the unsuccessful reintegration of returnees and, eventually, to their repeat migration. Therefore, migration policies that aim at encouraging return... [to full text]<br>Migracijos literatūroje grįžusių migrantų integracijos kilmės šalies darbo rinkoje sėkmė dažniausiai siejama su grįžusiųjų užsienyje įgytais žiniomis ir įgūdžiais, tačiau palyginti mažai dėmesio skiriama juos priimančios darbo rinkos įtakai. Disertacija siekiama užpildyti šią nišą, analizuojant grįžtamąją migraciją ne tik iš grįžusių migrantų, bet ir iš kilmės šalies darbdavių perspektyvos. Disertacija, kurios empirinis tyrimas remiasi 2013 m. atliktomis reprezentatyviomis Lietuvos visuomenės, Lietuvos darbdavių ir į Lietuvą gyventi grįžusių migrantų apklausomis, atskleidžia, kad Lietuvai būdingas žemas darbo rinkos imlumas užsienyje įgytam žmogiškajam kapitalui. Tai paaiškina, kodėl daugeliui grįžusių migrantų migracijos patirtis netampa privalumu Lietuvos darbo rinkoje, nepaisant to, kad 8 iš 10 grįžusių migrantų teigia užsienyje patobulėję. Atliktas tyrimas taip pat rodo, kad negalėjimas panaudoti užsienyje įgytų žinių ir įgūdžių bei jausmas, kad jie nėra tinkamai įvertinami, yra svarbus grįžusiųjų pakartotinės migracijos veiksnys. Tai leidžia naujai pažvelgti ir į Lietuvos ir kitų šalių įgyvendinamą migracijos politiką, kuri paprastai yra orientuota į grįžtančiųjų skaičiaus augimą, tačiau disertacijos tyrimas rodo, kad norint užtikrinti grįžtamosios migracijos tvarumą, dėmesį reikia sutelkti į grįžusiųjų ir jų įgytų žinių paklausos šalies darbo rinkoje didinimą. Be praktinių rekomendacijų politikai tobulinti disertacija papildo migracijos mokslinę literatūrą naujomis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
4
Robinson, Karryn B. "Perspectives of highly skilled migrants on return migration: A qualitative case study of Zimbabwean lecturers in the Western Cape of South Africa." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7836.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)<br>Brain drain has been labelled as one of the greatest development challenges facing African countries as it challenges capacity building, retention of skilled workers and sustained growth. Over the past two decades, a large number of Zimbabwean academics have left the country in search of economic opportunity and further academic training. This out-movement of academics has been exacerbated by political crisis and economic crisis in the country over the same period. Although some studies have sought to explain the causes, consequences and recommended policy responses to this human capital flight, they have not been able to critically assess, from the perspective of the emigrated academics, the conditions that would make them repatriate, their willingness to return to their home country and contribute to training, research and development; or their disposition towards engaging with Zimbabwean universities.
5
Djuikom, Marie Albertine. "Three essays on the Return on investment in human capital of skilled immigrants in Quebec and internal labor migration in developing countries." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33994.
Full textAbstract:
Tableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2018-2019<br>Cette thèse de doctorat s’intéresse à la migration interne et internationale. Dans un premier temps, je m’intéresse à l’intégration professionnelle des immigrants de la catégorie des travailleurs qualifiés au Québec. Le Québec comme la plupart des autres provinces du Canada, sélectionnent leurs immigrants sur la base de caractéristiques particulières telles que le niveau d’éducation, l’expérience professionnelle, les compétences en français et ou en anglais. Ces compétences devraient faciliter l’insertion professionnelle de ces immigrants et il est donc surprenant de voir que près de la moitié d’entre eux retournent aux études une fois arrivés au Québec afin d’obtenir un diplôme universitaire ou collégial. De ce fait, les deux premiers chapitres de cette thèse s’attèlent à comprendre pourquoi ces immigrants, malgré une telle dotation en capital humain à l’entrée du marché du travail Québécois, décident de retourner aux études et quels sont les effets de cet investissement en éducation tout d’abord sur les fréquences d’emplois et les durées en emploi et ensuite, sur le profil de revenus. Dans un deuxième temps, cette thèse s’intéresse à la participation à la migration interne en Ouganda et l’effet de cette participation sur la productivité agricole des ménages vivant en milieu rural. Le premier chapitre s’intéresse à l’effet dynamique de la formation post-migratoire sur l’offre de travail des immigrants. A cet effet, je fais la distinction entre un emploi qualifié et un emploi non qualifié. Ici, un emploi qualifié est celui-là qui correspond au plus haut diplôme obtenu par l’immigrant à l’entrée. J’utilise un modèle de durée à plusieurs états et à plusieurs épisodes qui permet de tenir compte de l’hétérogénéité observable et inobservable entre les individus. Le principal résultat révèle que les immigrants originaires de pays riches n’ont pas besoin d’investir davantage dans l’éducation Québécoise. En revanche, les immigrants originaires de pays pauvres quant à eux, bien que hautement qualifiés, bénéficient largement d’une telle formation à long terme car cela facilite leur transition vers des emplois qualifiés et non qualifiés et hors du chômage. Mes résultats indiquent également que la sélection dans l’éducation doit être prise en compte afin d’éviter des problèmes de sélection significatifs. À la différence du premier où on suppose que l’effet causal de la formation est le même pour chaque individu, le deuxième chapitre quant à lui s’intéresse à l’hétérogénéité de l’effet causal de la formation sur les revenus. Autrement dit, pour chaque individu il est possible d’estimer un effet moyen en comparant son revenu dans le cas où il a obtenu un diplôme au Québec avec la situation où il n’aurait pas eu un diplôme au Québec, et vice-versa. Ceci est possible grâce à l’introduction de l’approche bayésienne dans l’analyse d’évaluation d’impact mettant en exergue l’estimation du contre-factuel de la variable d’intérêt. Les principaux résultats révèlent que les gains de l’éducation acquise au Québec par rapport à ceux de l’éducation acquise à l’étranger diffèrent d’un immigrant à l’autre. En outre, il y a un gain négatif à entreprendre des études au Québec pour tous les immigrants. Particulièrement, plus la probabilité d’entreprendre des études au Québec est élevée plus le retour sur investissement est faible. Il semblerait que les employeurs rémunèrent les immigrants non pas seulement par rapport à leur diplôme or sa provenance mais aussi par rapport à la qualité de leur précédent emploi. Ainsi, on s’attendrait à ce que les immigrants, toute suite après leur formation, acceptent un emploi relativement moins rémunéré que celui qu’il aurait eu étant donné son éducation. Par ailleurs, bien que l’approche bayésienne suggère que, comparativement aux immigrants qui ont obtenu un diplôme collégial au Québec, ceux qui obtiennent un diplôme universitaire sont les plus négativement affectés par un tel investissement en éducation, l’approche Fréquentiste suggère que ces derniers obtiennent le meilleur rendement des études acquises au Québec. Cela soulève à nouveau la question du biais de sélection qui peut subvenir lorsque l’hétérogénéité de l’effet n’est pas prise en compte. Le troisième chapitre a pour objectif d’estimer la distribution de l’effet dynamique de la participation des ménages à la migration interne de la main d’œuvre sur la productivité agricole. Les résultats révèlent que même si en moyenne la migration interne affecte positivement la productivité agricole, il y a des ménages pour lesquels l’effet est négatif. De plus, les ménages pour qui l’effet est négatif sont pour la plupart de petits agriculteurs et sont par conséquent plus susceptibles d’être pauvres et donc plus susceptibles d’être sujet à la volatilité des prix au niveau local. Par ailleurs, l’effet moyen de la migration tend à augmenter avec la probabilité de participer à la migration interne signifiant que les individus décident de participer à la migration parce qu’ils anticipent des gains futurs plus élevés. Parallèlement, j’examine dans quelle mesure les taux de migration antérieurs, largement utilisés dans la littérature en tant qu’instrument de la décision de participer à la migration, sont exogènes à la productivité agricole. Les résultats suggèrent que ces variables ne sont pas exogènes car elles sont intimement corrélées avec la productivité agricole.<br>This doctoral thesis is interested in international and internal migration. First, it focuses on the professional integration of immigrants in the category of skilled workers in Quebec. Quebec is one of the ten provinces of Canada that, like most other provinces, implemented a program back in 1996 that explicitly selected highly qualified workers based on particular characteristics such as the level of education (Bachelors’, Masters’ or PhD’s), work experience, French and/or English proficiency. Despite these skills that should facilitate their professional integration, 48% of immigrants return to school once they arrive in Quebec in order to obtain a university or college diploma. The first two chapters of this thesis investigates why these immigrants decide to go back to school with such an endowment of human capital and what the effects of this investment in education are on the job frequencies and job durations and, on the earnings profile. This thesis then focuses on the households participation in internal labor migration and the dynamic effect of this participation on the agricultural productivity of households living in rural area of Uganda. The first chapter investigates the extent to which the return to foreign-acquired human capital is different from the education acquired in Quebec. Specifically, it seeks to estimate the benefits of post-migration education over foreign-education on the transitions between qualified and unqualified jobs and unemployment by means of a multiple-spells and multiplestates model. Here, a qualified job is one that corresponds to the highest degree obtained by the immigrant before they come in Quebec. The main results suggest that immigrants originating from well-off countries have no need to further invest in domestic education. Meanwhile, immigrants from poor countries, despite being highly qualified, benefit greatly from such training in the long run as it eases their transitions into qualified and unqualified jobs and out of unemployment. Our results also indicate that selection in education must be taken into account in order to avoid significant selection problems. Unlike the first chapter in which only the average effect of schooling is estimated, the goal of the second chapter is to estimate the distribution of the causal effect of Quebec-acquired education on migrants’ earnings. In other words, it is possible to estimate an average effect for each individual by comparing his income in the case he has obtained a Quebec diploma to the situation where he has not obtained a diploma from Quebec, and vice versa. This is possible thanks to the introduction of the Bayesian approach in the treatment analysis allowing to account for the heterogeneity of the effect. The main results reveal that on average and for each immigrant, there is a negative gain to study in Quebec. However, the magnitude of the effect differs from one immigrant to another. Particularly, the gains tend to decrease with the likelihood of enrolling in school and with the level of ability. Thus, our results suggest that employers pay migrants not only based on their level of education or its origin but more importantly based on the quality of prior jobs held. Furthermore, one would expect immigrants to accept, right after their training, a relatively less paid job than the one he would have had given his education. While the Bayesian approach suggests that immigrants who have enrolled to obtain a university degree are the most negatively affected, the Frequentist approach suggests that those immigrants obtain the highest positive return from Quebec-acquired education. This raises again the issue of mis-evaluation when the essential heterogeneity is not taking into account. The goal of the third chapter is to estimate the distribution of the dynamic effect of household participation in internal labor migration on agricultural productivity in Uganda. Since household can have both observed and unobserved factors that can affect both the decision to participate or not in migration and the return from it, this study account for the heterogeneity of the effect. Results reveal that although, on average, internal labor migration positively affects agricultural productivity, there are households for which the effect is negative. In addition, households for which the effect is negative are mostly small farmers, therefore more likely to be poor and more likely to be subject to local price volatility. It seems that return to migration helps poor household to meet other needs. Moreover, the average effect of migration tends to increase with the probability of participating in internal migration, meaning that households decide to participate in migration because they anticipate higher future returns. At the same time, we also examine the extent to which past migration rates, widely used in the literature as an instrument for the decision to participate in migration, are exogenous to agricultural productivity. Results show that these variables are not exogenous because they are highly correlated with agricultural productivity.
6
Daugaard-Hansen, Flemming. "'Coming home' the return and reintegration of Belizean returnees from the United States to Belize, Central America /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0024672.
Full text
7
Sri, Tharan Caridad T. "Gender, migration and social change : the return of Filipino women migrant workers." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/2351/.
Full textAbstract:
This study is about the consequences of feminised migration on migrant women workers, on their families and on the Philippine society as a whole. The continued dependence on migration and increasingly, women‘s migration, by the Philippine government to address unemployment on one hand, and by the Filipino families on the other hand, to secure employment and a better life, has led to social change: change in migrant women‘s sense of identity and personhood; restructuring of households and redefinition of families and gender relations and the rise of a culture of migration. To understand these social changes, the study focuses on the return phase of migration situated within the overall migration process and adopts a gendered and feminist approach. Existing theories of return migration cannot adequately capture the meanings of the return of migrant women workers. Studying return through a gendered approach allows us to reflect on the extent migration goals have been achieved or not, the conditions under which return takes place for a migrant woman worker and various factors affecting life after migration for the migrant women and their families. Return of the women migrant workers cannot be neatly categorised as voluntary or involuntary. It is gendered. It is involuntary, voluntary, and mainly ambivalent. Involuntary return was influenced by structural limitations arising from the temporary and contractual type of migration in jobs categorised as unskilled. Voluntary return was mainly determined by the achievement of migration goals, the psychological need to return after prolonged absence and by the need to respond to concerns of families left behind. Ambivalent return was caused by the desire to maintain the status, economic power, freedom and autonomy stemming from the migrants' breadwinning role; the need to sustain the families‘ standard of living; as well as the apprehensions of a materially insecure life back home. The socio-psychological consequences on families and children of migrant women are deep and wide-ranging. Similarly, women migrants, though empowered at a certain level, had to face psychological and emotional consequences upon return influenced by persistent gender roles and gender regimes. By analysing the impact of gendered migration and return on the societal level, the study has broadened and deepened the conceptualisation of the phenomenon of culture of migration by bringing other elements and factors such as the role of the state, human resources, sustainable livelihood, national identity and governance.
8
Nguyen, Quy Khanh. "Vietnamese return skilled migrants and their reintegration in Vietnam /." [St. Lucia, Qld], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18234.pdf.
Full text
9
Liava'a, Viliami Tupou Futuna. "Transnational Tongans:The Profile and Re-integration of Return Migrants." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2500.
Full textAbstract:
This study contributes to the 'unwritten chapter' in migration studies, namely transnational return migration, with specific reference to Tongan migrants who have voluntarily returned to live in Tonga. Return migration of transnational Tongans is not 'permanent' as their mobility pre and post-return is characterised by circulation or repeated return rather than staying at 'home'. In examining the circulation of transnational Tongans, two new forms of return migration are identified -- 'return for career advancement' and 'ancestral return'. These additions to a new typology of return migration represent better the contemporary mobility system of transnational Tongans and suggest a means for addressing 'brain drain' through strengthening the 'Tongan-ness' of the diaspora while simultaneously stimulating economic development in the Kingdom. Despite these positive dimensions of return, re-integration is a 'bumpy' process, and there needs to be a holistic migration strategy if greater numbers in the Tongan diaspora are to return and make their potential contribution to sustainable development in the Island Kingdom.
10
Cen, Zhiyu, and 岑知宇. "Chinese heritage language teaching for return migrants inHong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50177345.
Full textAbstract:
Over the last decade, a significant number of overseas Chinese including Hong Kong emigrants have returned to Hong Kong. Many returnees, especially those who learnt Chinese as a heritage language, often encounter various language difficulties upon their return mainly due to their incompletely acquired version of the Chinese language. However, there is little research on the Chinese language learning and teaching for this special community, which is inherently different from native Chinese learners or second-language learners. This work explores various pioneering ways to develop returnees’ greater fluency in the Chinese language and especially to improve their practical literacy skills. We intend to evaluate and further develop their awareness of the orthographic principles operating in Chinese characters. We believe that this is a key step to help Chinese returnees quickly integrate themselves to the local society.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Education<br>Master<br>Master of Education
11
Cook, Paul Richard. "Return to the motherland: Russian migrants in hockey's changing world system." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28360.
Full textAbstract:
Since 2000, Russian players are increasingly absent from the National Hockey League. This project explores the relationship between changes in the political economy of Russian hockey and the factors that shape the migratory decisions of Russian players. In using Wallerstein's World Systems Theory, it is argued that specific events relating to a nation's place within an economic and/or cultural relationship can significantly alter patterns of migration. Russia's newfound economic strength and confidence on the world stage is evident in the support for the country's new Kontinental Hockey League. The resulting changes in the political economy of Russian hockey, coupled with the restrictive nature of the National Hockey League's salary cap have led to a tremendous decrease in the number of Russian players in the NHL.
12
Cena, Elida. "Return migration during economic crisis : experiences of Albanian return migrants and their children in the quest to belong." Thesis, Edge Hill University, 2017. http://repository.edgehill.ac.uk/10032/.
Full textAbstract:
Following the social and political turmoil in many countries after the recent economic crisis, many Albanian migrants regarded a return to their ‘homeland’ as the best solution during a time of uncertainty. Adding to the literature on return migration, this research investigates a group of migrants, not previously studied extensively, whose return to their country of origin was triggered by the lingering economic crisis in Europe, particularly in Greece. The research explores the experiences of return migrants and their children in Albania by focusing on their (re)settlement issues, the ways they (re)construct a sense of belonging, and how their identity is impacted by these changes. Return migrants (aged 30-50 years) and their children (aged 7-18 years) participated in this research (n=51). Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with respondents aged 13 years and above, augmented by focus groups and family case studies. This research was conducted in two waves and several participants were followed up to document changes. Findings show that the economic and socio-structural constraints in the origin country and uncertainties about the future experienced by adults create barriers to their overall ability to adjust and construct a sense of belonging in Albania. The research documents further that children of return migrants experience exclusion and nonbelonging, instigating feelings of being foreigners for a second time. While children showed improvement in their socio-spatial worlds overtime; in Wave 2 adults continued to grapple with employment instability and future uncertainties. Entangled in between these experiences and a simultaneous quest to belong, the research contributes to a better understanding of return migration in times of economic crisis.
13
Melo, Pedro Miguel. "The life history of Portuguese return migrants, a Canadian-Azorean case study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22867.pdf.
Full text
14
Aydin, Seda. "Political socialization processes of return migrants. The case of Turkish returnees from Germany." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669708.
Full textAbstract:
Esta tesis doctoral se centra en la relación entre experiencia migratoria y formación de valores y actitudes politicos. Busca contribuir a la literatura desentrañando el proceso de socialización política migrante , con un estudio de casos en profundidad de migrantes turcos que habían regresado a Turquía desde Alemania. Su estructura básica se construye sobre cuatro argumentos centrales en diálogo con la literatura existente sobre socialización política: 1) la socialización política es, en sí, un proceso politico, 2) la agencia de migrantes en el proceso de socialización política está subestudiado, 3) las dinámicas transnacionales de socialización política de migrantes han sido pasadas por alto, 4) la dimension procesal de la socialización política no se ha abordado. Siguiendo estos puntos críticos, la tesis pretende examinar el papel de la agencia de migrantes en el contacto e interacción con los agentes de socialización alemanes; identificar el proceso de socialización política negativa como alternativa al modelo de socialización política migrante; y mostrar las trayectorias de socialización política transnacional de los migrantes.
A diferencia de los habituales enfoques de la socialización política de migrantes, esta tesis se basa en una investigación en profundidad aplicando métodos orientados al proceso, como el abordaje relacional y la metodología de la teoría fundamentada al análisis de las entrevistas biográficas con migrantes turcos que regresaron desde Alemania. Centrada en estudiantes migrantes y trabajadores migrantes, así como migrantes de segunda y tercera generación, el diseño de la investigación contribuye a la literatura captando un amplio conjunto de complejidades de la experiencia de socialización política en un periodo de casi seis décadas , extendiéndose desde la pre-migración hasta el post- regreso. Muestra que clase, capital cultural y social, condiciones transnacionales y los contextos politicos de Turquía y Alemania correspondientes al tiempo de migración se encuentran entre los factores que explican las variaciones intra- e inter-grupos. El enfoque basado en grupos no solo cuestiona la vision del retorno del migrante como un fracaso, sino que también desafía la tendencia a tratar el grupo étnico como la unidad primaria de análisis en los estudios sobre migración y socialización política migrante. El abordaje cualitativo permite estudiar las propias narraciones de los migrantes sobre sus experiencias cotidianas, complementando la revisión de las encuestas, que trabaja con numerosas variables formales en las dinámicas pre- y post-proceso o en poblaciones de los migrantes que regresaron y no migrantes.
El análisis muestra que, en muchos casos, a veces por razones más allá́ de su control, los migrantes que regresaron no tuvieron suficiente contacto con los agentes alemanes de socialización politica como para haberse sometido en Alemania a los procesos de socialización política convencionalmente aceptados. Cuando sí tuvieron contacto a menudo usaron estratégicamente su agencia para filtrar, ignorar y jugar con estos socializadores en función de sus necesidades y preocupaciones respecto a las desigualdades de poder en la sociedad alemana. Por otra parte, las narraciones de los migrantes que regresaron revelan un proceso alternativo de “socialización política negativa”. En contraste con la imagen convencional de asunción acrítica de los valores del país anfitrión por parte del migrante para “encajar” , la socialización politica negativa supone el aprendizaje de un papel de forastero en el estado alemán y su contribución a los difusos mecanismos del sistema de protección desde dicha posición de forastero. Por ultimo, el análisis aporta una respuesta al nacionalismo metodológico en los estudios de socialización política, que asumen que el proceso está circunscrito a los límites nacionales de los paises anfitrión y de origen. Revela que podemos diferenciar entre trayectorias directa e indirecta de socialización política transnacional, en que los vínculos trasnfronterizos, identidades y costumbres de los migrantes juegan un papel central.<br>This doctoral thesis focuses on the relationship between migration experience and formation of political values and attitudes. It seeks to contribute to the literature by unpacking the process of migrant political socialization with an in-depth case study of the Turkish migrants returning from Germany. Its main structure is based on four central arguments in dialogue with the existing political socialization literature: 1) the political socialization is itself a political process, 2) migrant agency in the process of political socialization is understudied, 3) transnational dynamics of migrant political socialization are overlooked, 4) the processual dimension of political socialization is given limited attention. Following these critical points, the thesis seeks to examine the role of migrant agency in migrants’ contact and interaction with German agents of political socialization, identify the process of negative political socialization as an alternative migrant political socialization model, and reveal transnational political socialization trajectories of the migrants.
Distinct from the common approaches to migrant political socialization, this thesis relies on an in-depth inquiry through the application of process-oriented methods such as the relational approach and grounded theory methodology to the analysis of the biographical interviews with Turkish returnees from Germany. Focusing on labor and student returnees, as well as the roots migrants, the research seeks to contribute to the literature by capturing a wide array of complexities of the political socialization experience in a time span of almost six decades, extending from pre-migration to post-return. It shows that class, social and cultural capital, transnational conditions, and the political contexts of Turkey and Germany that correspond to the time of migration are among the factors that account for group variations. The group-based approach also defies the tendency to treat the ethnic group as the primary unit of analysis in migration and migrant political socialization studies. Overall, the qualitative nature of the research permits studying the migrants’ own narratives about their everyday experiences. By doing so, it seeks to complement survey research, which works with a number of formal variables for pre-process and post-process dynamics or non-migrant and returnee populations.
The analysis shows that in many cases the returnees have not been subject to the conventionally assumed processes of political socialization in Germany because, sometimes for reasons beyond their control, they did not have sufficient contact with the German agents of political socialization, such as the German media, political parties, and electoral campaigns. When there was contact, they often used their agency to strategically filter, ignore and play around these socializers based on their needs and concerns within the power inequalities of the German society. Furthermore, the narratives of the returnees reveal an alternative process of “negative political socialization”. In contrast to the conventional image of migrants’ uncritical embracement of host country values to “fit in”, negative political socialization refers to migrants learning their place as the outsiders of the German polity and their contribution to diffuse system support mechanisms from this position. Lastly, the analysis provides a response to methodological nationalism in political socialization studies, which assumes that the process is contained to the national boundaries of the host and home countries. It reveals that we can differentiate between direct and indirect trajectories of transnational political socialization, in which the migrants’ cross-border ties, identities and practices play a central role. Overall, the findings shed light on the political and processual nature of migrant political socialization, its transnational dynamics, as well as the role of the migrant agency in it.
15
Sougane, Arouna. "L'émigration au Mali : impacts sur les ménages d'origine et insertion des migrants de retour." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090008/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse analyse les effets de la migration sur le comportement des membres des ménages d'origine à un moment où les drames de l'immigration clandestine continuent de faire la une de l'actualité mondiale. Alors que la plupart des travaux s'intéresse uniquement aux effets des migrations internationales, notre étude, appliquée au Mali, élargit l'analyse aux migrations internes qui sont de forte intensité dans ce pays. Pour ce faire, nous mobilisons les données de deux enquêtes originales d'envergure nationale. Le travail est organisé en quatre chapitres. Plus descriptif, le premier chapitre dresse un panorama des deux types de migration, présente les caractéristiques des migrants et évalue les montants des transferts et leur contribution aux conditions de vie des ménages récipiendaires. Les chapitres suivants mobilisent des techniques micro-économiques qui notamment permettent d'estimer les effets de la migration tout en contrôlant des problèmes d'endogénéité. Le chapitre II examine les effets des deux types de migration sur la scolarisation des enfants des ménages d'origine, notamment leur réussite scolaire. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous évaluons l'impact des migrations sur la productivité agricole. Nous testons l'hypothèse d'apparition d'un comportement opportuniste du fait de l'existence d'un contrat implicite entre les migrants et leurs exploitations d'origine. L'insertion sur le marché du travail des migrants de retour est abordée dans le chapitre IV. De façon générale, cette thèse met en évidence l'impact négatif des migrations, notamment sur le comportement des membres des ménages d'origine. Non seulement, elles font apparaître un comportement opportuniste marqué par un moindre effort de leur part tant à l'école (pour les enfants) que dans les activités agricoles. Enfin, l'expérience migratoire n'influence pas significativement les chances d'insertion sur le marché du travail<br>This thesis analyses the effects of migration on the behaviors of household of origins members, when newspapers' headlines focus on tragedies related to illegal immigration. Our thesis, applied to Mali, is an in-depth analysis of external and internal migrations both very important in this country, whereas most of the studies only focus on the impact of international migration. We use data from two national large-scale surveys which were fully conducted under our control. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is a descriptive analysis of the two types of migration and highlights the characteristics of migrants. It also evaluates the transfer amounts and their contribution to the living conditions of recipient households. The next chapters resort to micro-econometric techniques which allow us to estimate the effects of migration by controlling for endogeneity problems. The second chapter examines the effects of the two types of migration on schooling of children from households of origins, namely their schooling success. In the third chapter, we evaluate the impact of migrations on agricultural production. We test the hypothesis of an opportunistic behavior because of the existence of an implicit contract between migrants and members of the household of origin. Insertion of return migrants in the labour market is investigated in the fourth chapter. The thesis shows negative impacts of internal and foreign migrations, especially, on the behavior of original household members. Migrations reveal an opportunistic behavior marked by least effort at school (from children's side) and from agricultural workers. In addition, migration experience does not have significant influence on the insertion in the labour market
16
Bassetto, Jacopo. "Three Essays on Migration, Migration Policies, and Migrants’ Integration." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/345385.
Full textAbstract:
In many countries, migration is a high priority in both the public and political debate. Countries face continuous challenges to attract, retain and integrate migrants in their societies. In recent years, the economic crisis, the refugee crisis and the surge of populist movements and xenophobic violence have exposed countries to even bigger challenges. It is therefore crucial to understand what governments and societies can do to transform migration phenomena into opportunities for both destination and origin countries. In my dissertation I investigated empirically three topics in the economics of migration. First, the role of certificate recognition for the labor market integration of high-skilled migrants and the effects of a policy that facilitated certificate recognition for all immigrants. Second, the brain drain phenomenon and the effects of a policy that introduce tax incentives to return migration for high-skilled young Italian emigrants. Third, return intentions and labor market behaviors of immigrants, and the effects of home country socio-political conditions on these two outcomes. The dissertation aims at contributing to the growing literature on the economics of migration with novel findings on specific policies and channels, and to the policy debate on migration and integration policies.
17
Žvalionytė, Dovilė. "Grįžusių migrantų integracija kilmės šalies darbo rinkoje: Lietuvos atvejo analizė." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20141006_103036-48918.
Full textAbstract:
Migracijos literatūroje grįžusių migrantų integracijos kilmės šalies darbo rinkoje sėkmė dažniausiai siejama su grįžusiųjų užsienyje įgytais žiniomis ir įgūdžiais, tačiau palyginti mažai dėmesio skiriama juos priimančios darbo rinkos įtakai. Disertacija siekiama užpildyti šią nišą, analizuojant grįžtamąją migraciją ne tik iš grįžusių migrantų, bet ir iš kilmės šalies darbdavių perspektyvos. Disertacija, kurios empirinis tyrimas remiasi 2013 m. atliktomis reprezentatyviomis Lietuvos visuomenės, Lietuvos darbdavių ir į Lietuvą gyventi grįžusių migrantų apklausomis, atskleidžia, kad Lietuvai būdingas žemas darbo rinkos imlumas užsienyje įgytam žmogiškajam kapitalui. Tai paaiškina, kodėl daugeliui grįžusių migrantų migracijos patirtis netampa privalumu Lietuvos darbo rinkoje, nepaisant to, kad 8 iš 10 grįžusių migrantų teigia užsienyje patobulėję. Atliktas tyrimas taip pat rodo, kad negalėjimas panaudoti užsienyje įgytų žinių ir įgūdžių bei jausmas, kad jie nėra tinkamai įvertinami, yra svarbus grįžusiųjų pakartotinės migracijos veiksnys. Tai leidžia naujai pažvelgti ir į Lietuvos ir kitų šalių įgyvendinamą migracijos politiką, kuri paprastai yra orientuota į grįžtančiųjų skaičiaus augimą, tačiau disertacijos tyrimas rodo, kad norint užtikrinti grįžtamosios migracijos tvarumą, dėmesį reikia sutelkti į grįžusiųjų ir jų įgytų žinių paklausos šalies darbo rinkoje didinimą. Be praktinių rekomendacijų politikai tobulinti disertacija papildo migracijos mokslinę literatūrą naujomis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Migration literature tends to focus on individual level factors, such as human capital acquired abroad, to explain the success of the integration of returnees while neglecting the importance of the environment in their home country. The dissertation offers a theoretical framework, which involves the factors of the home country’s labour market in explaining the integration of return migrants, while at the same time taking into account changes in the human capital of returnees while they were abroad. The empirical findings of the dissertation are based on three representative surveys carried out in late 2013 among three different audiences in Lithuania: 1) adult population (N=1930); 2) employers (N=1000), and 3) returnees (N=804). The research revealed that almost all return migrants have acquired valuable knowledge and skills while abroad that they expect to use in advancing their careers in Lithuania. Yet most of them underutilise their foreign experience after return. Moreover, they feel that their new knowledge and skills are undervalued in Lithuania. Indeed, the research proved that rather unfavourable attitude towards return migrants and their migration experience prevails in Lithuanian society and among employers. Returnee unfriendly environment leads not only to the loss of potential benefits of human capital but also to the unsuccessful reintegration of returnees and, eventually, to their repeat migration. Therefore, migration policies that aim at encouraging return... [to full text]
18
Ralph, David. "Understanding home : the case of Irish-born return migrants from the United States, 1996-2006." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5290.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis, I examine the ideas of home among Irish-born return migrants who left the Republic of Ireland in the late-1980s/early-1990s for the United States, and then came back at the beginning of the 2000s. Drawing on an analysis of intensive interviews, I elucidate the ways in which my research participants articulate and use the concept of home to negotiate their (re)settlement experiences. The overarching argument of the thesis is that participants’ interpretations represent an alternative to fixed, bounded and exclusionary understandings of home, without necessarily downplaying the longing for a discreet, foundational and originary home. This is important because their accounts of home begin to challenge narrow readings of locality and stable definitions of identity. Moreover, their narratives of home force researchers to address awkward questions about who belongs to particular places, and on what basis claims to membership are made. I develop this argument throughout the thesis by analyzing participants’ descriptions of (re)settlement in the old/new places they inhabit. I show that the majority of participants conventionally justify the return decision as the restoration of a settled sense of home. The actual experience of (re)settlement, however, requires many participants to redefine home upon return. The anxieties associated with the return experience means that home can be simultaneously a space of both homecoming and leavetaking, blurring distinctions between ‘here’ and ‘there’, home and away. In effect, what participants’ narratives draw attention to is the often-overlooked tension between home’s dual meaning: its lived and longed-for aspects. While the reality of return revises the expectations surrounding homecoming, opening out home to broader sets of connections does not necessarily mitigate the longing to belong ‘at home’, to anchor the elusive aspects of home. Participants’ accounts of (re)settlement point towards an accommodation of both grounded and uprooted homes simultaneously: translocally lived, yet longed-for as discreetly-defined. These findings are significant, as they foreground the moored and mobile moments of home as complementary and co-existing rather than conflicting and contending. Return migrants’ (re)settlement experiences offer a productive entry point into investigating this paradoxical nature of home in contemporary societies.
19
Nzima, Divane. "The 'failure-success' dichotomy in migration discourse and practice : revisiting reverse migration deterrents for South Africa based Zimbabwean skilled migrants." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/5434.
Full textAbstract:
The study was conceptualised against the background that leading migration theories explain return migration based on failure and success alone. The neo-classical economics theory of migration perceives return migration as a by-product of a failed migration experience while the new economics of labour migration perceives return as occurring after successful achievement of migration objectives. This study questions these theoretical positions through an exploration of the factors that deter South Africa-based Zimbabwean skilled migrants from returning home permanently notwithstanding a successful or failed migration experience. Furtive economic factors in Zimbabwe and South Africa that dissuade skilled migrants from returning home permanently are explored. Social factors in Zimbabwe and in South Africa that influence return migration decision making are also examined. Furthermore, the study analysed whether and how Zimbabwean skilled migrants are forced into a permanent settlement in South Africa as a result of what this study calls the ‘diaspora trap’. This ‘diaspora trap’ framework argues that Zimbabwean skilled migrants in South Africa do not return following their experiences of failure and success in South Africa. Central to the absence of return is the social construction of migrants as successful in Zimbabwe. Skilled migrants are deterred from returning due to their failure to meet family and communal expectations of success. In addition, return migration is deferred as a means to hide poverty in South Africa. Moreover, new diaspora family ties weaken attachments with Zimbabwe and contribute to deferred return migration. Skilled migrants are thus entrapped in South Africa by their failure to live up to the success social construct and the inability to mitigate adversities in the host country.
20
Rother, Stefan [Verfasser], and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Rüland. "Diffusion in transnational political spaces: political activism of Philippine labor migrants in Hong Kong." Freiburg : Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1167683013/34.
Full text
21
daSilva, Amanda L. "When Education Matters Less: Estimating the Relative Return to Education for Computer Programmers." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/550.
Full textAbstract:
Many argue that formal degrees are not necessary to be successful in the technology industry, and further argue that self-taught computer programmers are more productive than formally taught computer programmers. This sentiment is supported by the examples of industry leaders such as Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, and Mark Zuckerberg. This study examines the possible effects of this attitude on the returns to education for computer programmers. The empirical analysis finds that the wage return to formal education for computer programmers is less than for most other occupations including STEM and degree-dominated professions. These differences are attributed to the smaller impact of signaling through educational attainment on wages in the technology industry as well as the perceived ability to substitute the human capital accumulated through formal education with self-teaching and experience.
22
Barbali, Silvana Claudia. "Coping with xenophobia : Senegalese migrants in Port Elizabeth." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/1627/.
Full text
23
Nobre, Sílvia. "Emigration, retour et agriculture dans un village de Trás-os-Montes (Portugal)." Master's thesis, Institut Agronomique Mediterraneen de Montpellier, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/5831.
Full textAbstract:
As a complex phenomenon, migration leads necessarily to changes in the
concerned societies, either the departure society or the destination one, the former being
in most cases rural based with agriculture as a main activity.
Setting as a research field that rural and agrarian society, this study tries to
identify factors conditioning the migration flow. It also attempts to understand the
mechanisms of a changing community due to the return of migrant people back to their
original village.
A case study conducted in Pinela, a village of Northeastern Portugal, permited
a local approach to the outlined research topics. Information, gathered from inquire
techniques and written sources of different nature, has been treated by means of data
analysis methods.
"Landownership expectation", as it was coded here, provides an explanatory
basis for migration flow in Pinela. This factor corresponds to the area owned by a
family divided by the number of their children, and assesses the possibilities for
children to expect a continuity in agriculture and, hence, in the village. Moreover,
former migrants back in the village are active changing agents, as they commit
themselves in new and diversified activities at the community level, although remaining
farmers as they originally were.
24
Wilson, Beth A. "Repeat Migration in the United States: A Comparison of Black, Hispanic, and White Return and Onward Migrants." DigitalCommons@USU, 2005. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4356.
Full textAbstract:
The primary objective of this study is to examine U.S. repeat migration for blacks, Hispanics, and whites. It investi gates the relationships and patterns of these different racial/ethnic groups utilizing the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79). Repeat migration within and across categories of individual characteristics for blacks, Hispanics, and whites, is compared in order to determine if there are differences in the overall rates of repeat migration for these groups, once other factors are controlled.
To do this several statistical procedures are utilized, and the results of selected descriptive and logistic analyses are presented. The descriptive statistics control for race/ethnicity and examine patterns within the groups; these findings display important relationships to onward and return migration. The inferential statistical method employed is logistic regression for the sample as a whole, which examines the effects across the groups, and the direction of migration.
Where past research has not investigated the complexities of repeat migration in combination with race/ethnicity, there are several notable results from this study. Specifically, this research finds that in terms of onward migration, whites are significantly more likely to move onward than are blacks or Hispanics even after controlling for key socioeconomic factors. Changes in marital status are significantly related to migration, and to the direction of repeat migration; individuals who change from "single to married" are likely to be onward migrants, whereas those who change from "married to single" are likely to be return migrants. This study finds there are differences in rates of return migration by level of education for racial/ethnic groups. Moreover, the relationship between onward migration and employment status is different for Hispanics than blacks and whites.
25
Raddatz, Liv. "BETWEEN CONTINUITY AND CHANGE: EXPLORING POLISH MIGRANTS' EXPERIENCES IN THE LABOR MARKET OF BERLIN, GERMANY." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/324151.
Full textAbstract:
Geography<br>Ph.D.<br>The European migration context has changed drastically in recent years because of the eastward enlargements of the European Union (EU) in 2004 and 2007. Almost all citizens of the 28 EU member states now have the right to live and work in any of the other EU countries. The demise of borders and removal of formal labor market access restrictions within the EU has spurred substantial east to west migration. This dissertation explored how recent and more established Polish migrants experience and navigate the labor market in Berlin, Germany, given these recent regulatory changes. The study focused in particular on the role of Polish migrants' social ties as well as regulatory and institutional factors. The research involved six months of fieldwork in Berlin that resulted in 44 in-depth interviews with Polish migrants and key informants. The interviews not only gave insights into how Polish migrants integrate into Berlin's labor market but also shed light on the reasons for their migration and various other aspects of their lives. The most striking finding of the study is that Poles have not formed a cohesive community in the city and commonly experience co-ethnic social ties as a "social tax", rather than sources of social capital. The study suggests that a number of national policies as well as Berlin's geographic proximity help explain the absence of a unified and supportive Polish community in the city. Another key finding of the study is that Polish migrants are commonly channeled into irregular, precarious and even exploitive work arrangements in Berlin, especially in the domestic service, hospitality and construction sector. They continue to face a range of informal barriers that push many of them into the margins of Berlin's labor market, despite the abolishment of formal labor market access restrictions.<br>Temple University--Theses
26
Kritzinger, Barbara. "An exploration of myth in the adaptation processes of Zimbabwean migrants residing in Port Elizabeth." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1430.
Full textAbstract:
Migration is recognised as an escalating phenomenon of human behaviour worldwide. In the Southern African region African migrations and migrants have remained a focal point of discussion amongst politicians, citizens and migrants themselves in recent years. In South Africa, a major destination of migrants from various African Diasporas, this renewed interest in the topic has occurred in the context of xenophobic related violence aimed at foreigners within the broader economic, political and social arena. These factors extend to South Africa’s relationships with her near neighbours. Thus, Zimbabwe’s political, economic and social crisis has overflowed into South African borders, contributing large numbers of migrants to her population. Previous research has underrepresented the perspectives of migrants and Zimbabwean migrants in particular. Zimbabwean migrants seek economic opportunities to better themselves and maintain the survival of their families who remain in their country of origin. They are transnationals who engage in continuous movement between one place and the next, supporting various livelihoods. Little is understood about migrant adaptation to their complex contexts. In this research project, content analysis was conducted of data gathered during interviews and participant-observation of Zimbabwean migrant traders on the beachfront informal market in Port Elizabeth. The maintenance of the cultural values and identity of the myth of the hero as upholder of household honour was found to be significant in the adaptation of migrants to their multi-faceted lives. The findings indicate that migrant life is indeed uncertain and ever-changing. Their resilience in the face of continual change illustrated both conflict and compromise between “social cohesiveness (and) social flexibility” (Bauman, 1998: 15-16)
27
Swartz, Natasha Schantal. "The effect of South African labour legislation on refugees and migrants." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019921.
Full textAbstract:
Since South Africa was declared a democratic country, the number of refugees fleeing to South Africa has increased. While it is understandable that refugees would flee to a country with a Constitution that protects the rights of everyone within its territory, this influx of refugees and migrants also puts a strain on the South African economy. One of the main problems associated with refugees and migrants in this country is their illegal status. Failure to obtain legal status in the country can be attributed to their own negligence to attend to the Refugee Reception Office, upon their arrival in the country. On the other hand, the South African government also fails foreigners in that the service provided at the Refugee Reception Offices is not up to the standard promised in the legislation. A further problem associated with refugees and migrants in the country is that they are competing with South Africans for jobs that are already scarce in the country. A foreigners need to earn a living is the driving force behind entering the employment market, and often illegally. Where refugees and migrants do not have the required work permits, their employment is prohibited in terms of the Immigration Act 13 of 2002 and they are thus illegal workers. Until recently, South Africa has followed the same policy as other international countries. Illegal workers did not have access to the protection provided by our labour legislation, by virtue of the illegality of their employment contracts. This position was changed by the Discovery Health case where the courts focused more on the existence of an employment relationship as oppose to an employment contract.
28
Li, Ying. "An analysis of governmental policy for rural-urban migrants in China." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41897055.
Full text
29
Ye, Yu Shwe Uraiwan Kanungsukkasem. "HIV related risk taking sexual behaviors of Myanmar male migrants in Ranong, Thailand /." Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd404/4938536.pdf.
Full text
30
Sambou, Césarine. "Paludisme du retour : une anthropologie du risque palustre chez les voyageurs migrants originaires d'Afrique subsaharienne de Bordeaux." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0215/document.
Full textAbstract:
La France est le pays industrialisé le plus touché par le paludisme d’importation avec environ 4735 de cas importés et répertoriés en 2016. Les voyageurs migrants, originaires des pays où sévit le paludisme et résidant en France, représentent 82,2 % des cas d’infections palustres. Cette thèse cherche principalement à analyser la question du recours à la prévention du risque palustre auprès des voyageurs migrants originaires des pays d’Afrique Subsaharienne de Bordeaux. À partir d’observations directes et d’entretiens individuels avec différents acteurs, cette recherche montre une hétérogénéité des situations d’exposition au risque palustre lors du retour temporaire au pays d’origine. Ce risque dépend des situations expérientielles, et socio-économiques, ainsi que des charges qu’il est supposé y assumer. Lorsque ces charges sont importantes, le voyageur migrant a tendance à hiérarchiser les risques, avec une non-priorisation du palustre au profit du risque de « toubabisation », socialement moins accepté. La non-priorisation du risque de paludisme est accentuée par une perception banalisante, ordinaire et quotidienne du paludisme en contexte de migration et par le non-remboursement de la chimioprophylaxie par la Caisse Nationale Assurance Maladie. Ce travail montre que le non recours à la chimioprophylaxie est influencé par l’absence d’expérience du paludisme en France et de paludisme grave dans le pays d’origine. Souvent, il faut que l’expérience de cette maladie soit vécue et perçue dans le pays d’accueil pour qu’elle induise un changement de perception et donc, un recours futur à la prévention. Sur le plan thérapeutique, cette thèse met en évidence des retards de diagnostic du paludisme en médecine générale. Ces retards sont causés par l’absence d’association de la « fièvre du retour » et des symptômes associés à un accès palustre, et par son « exotisme » en France. À ce titre, cette recherche apporte une contribution aux réflexions dans les champs de l’anthropologie de la santé et de l’anthropologie du risque lié au voyage avec comme exemple les voyageurs migrants exposés au risque palustre<br>France is the industrialized country most assigned by import malaria with around 4735 imported and registered cases in 2016. Migrant travelers from malaria-affected countries residing in France account for 82.2% of all malaria cases. malaria infections. This thesis mainly seeks to analyze the issue of the use of malaria risk prevention among migrant travelers from sub-Saharan African countries in Bordeaux. Based on direct observations and individual interviews with different actors, this research shows the heterogeneity of situations of exposure to malaria risk during temporary return to the country of origin. This risk depends on the experiential and socio-economic situations, as well as the burdens it is supposed to assume. When these burdens are significant, the migrant traveler tends to prioritize the risks, with a non-prioritization of malaria control in favor of the risk of “toubabisation”, socially less accepted. The non-prioritization of the risk of malaria is accentuated by a banal, ordinary and daily perception of malaria in the context of migration and by the non-reimbursement of chemoprophylaxis by the National Health Insurance Fund. This work shows that the non-use of chemoprophylaxis is influenced by the lack of experience of malaria in France and severe malaria in the country of origin. Often, the experience of this disease must be experienced and perceived in the host country to induce a change of perception and therefore a future use of prevention. Therapeutically, this thesis highlights delayed diagnosis of malaria in general practice. These delays are caused by the lack of association of the “return fever” and symptoms associated with malaria, and by its “exoticism” in France. As such, this research contributes to reflections in the fields of anthropology of health and anthropology of travel risk, with the example of migrant travelers exposed to malaria risk
31
Vijh, Rajneesh. "Return of high skilled migrants : an empirical investigation into the knowledge transfer process of two organizations in New Delhi, India." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9f119a72-7463-4121-90dd-f5a3b3b08d8e.
Full textAbstract:
Against the backdrop of the brain drain-brain gain debate, this thesis explores certain facets of the return migration phenomenon. Drawing on several theories, the decision to return among high skilled migrants is likely to be influenced by the prospect of using their overseas-acquired knowledge to secure a better livelihood back home. While ample consideration is given to motivations to return, the choice of employer and issues adjusting to the work and social surroundings, the main objective of the research is to understand migrants' transfer of overseas-acquired knowledge upon their return to India. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the topic, the scope of the thesis is focused on returnees working in two organizations in New Delhi—Fortis Escorts Hospital and Research Centre (EHIRC) and Tata Consultancy Services' Government Industry Solutions Unit (GISU). Adopting a mixed methods approach, survey data and case interviews are analyzed to address the core research question: “How and in which ways do returnees transfer their newly acquired knowledge, skills and experiences in employing organizations?” A key hypothesis is that returnees' social ties affect the extent and nature of knowledge transfers and thus confer intended benefits and may lead to unintended consequences for their organizations. The analyses pit McPherson's (2001) principle of homophily in social networks against Granovetter's (1973) weak ties hypothesis to grasp the role of returnees in knowledge transfers within EHIRC and GISU. Results drawn from data collected on returnees, non-migrants and transnationals strongly confirm that social ties—strong, intermediate or weak—affect the transfer of knowledge to stakeholders in their organizations. The contribution of this thesis to the existing body of research is to shed light on both the potential and limitations of returnees as a conduit for transferring knowledge, upgrading skills and relaying insights to non-migrants, teams or units in the workplace.
32
Larsson, Carl. "Indian high-skilled labor migrants in Sweden - A study about social integration, interpersonal communication and national identification." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21691.
Full textAbstract:
This research aims to understand the extent to which integration among Indian highskilled labor migrants in the Swedish society has occurred. The study takes it stance from the following research field: Social integration, interpersonal communication and national identification. These three research fields are assembled into a model used to analyze the empirical data. As a method, nine semi-structured interviews are used with ten Indian national interviewees in total. The Interviews are conducted in the southern part of Sweden in three different cities, Malmö, Lund and Helsingborg. Core findings show proof of employment as a central part in integration. Other findings show lack of Swedish language as an issue for better social integration; low levels of interpersonal communication between the interviewees and other social groups in Sweden which leads to low levels of Swedish national identification. In the discussion, the study stresses the importance of: communication between social groups in order to have better integration; time as an important factor for integration and the need of mutual accommodation between social groups in a pluralistic society like Sweden, to improve levels of integration.
33
Matte, Simon. "Utbildade invandrare och kampen för ett jobb : En kvalitativ studie om hur några invandrare med akademisk utbildning beskriver sin situation på den svenska arbetsmarknaden." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-15129.
Full textAbstract:
According to several studies immigrants today in general face more difficulties to enter the labor market than before. This also applies to educated immigrants who are the main focus of this thesis. Studies have shown that educated migrants have more difficulties of obtaining an adequate job than ethnic Swedes. Thousands of educated immigrants are forced to work in low skilled occupations to cope with their everyday lives. The reasons behind their lack of success on the Swedish labor market have been blamed on different kinds of obstacles. This study wants to examine at least some of the obstacles that educated immigrants face on the labor market through some informants own personal reflections and experiences. The study is based on an inside perspective in which the different personal experiences and reflections of the various informants is of great importance. The study is focused on how five educated immigrants describe their situation on the Swedish labor market. The aim is to investigate the informants 'understanding of the difficulties they have to get a job that matches their skills. It also aims to discuss the structural barriers that respondents relate to when they describe their situation. The results of the interviews with the informants have been analyzed with the help of central concepts gained from the two sociologists, Erving Goffman and Pierre Bourdieu. The results of my study have shown through the personal experiences of the informants that the difficulties they face on the labor market can be attributed to their lack of access to valuable social networks and to the various requirement profiles that exist from employers, often with a strong focus on a developed knowledge of the Swedish language. These two obstacles results in that the skilled migrants on the labor market have a relative disadvantage in comparison with ethnic Swedes in the search for the attractive jobs.
34
Munck, Eva-Maria. "What would we come back to? : Decision-making about return and repatriation by Burmese migrants and refugees in Northern Thailand." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-360069.
Full textAbstract:
This research focuses on the special considerations and reasons for Burmese migrants and refugees from Burma living in Mae Sot, Tak province, Northern Thailand to stay in Thailand or return to Burma/Myanmar. The researcher has more than three-years of experience of living and working in Northern Thailand. During the thesis process, the researcher lived and worked in Mae Sot. A multi-method approach was applied to compile the experiences, knowledge, opinions and feelings of migrants and refugees from Burma. The research presented in this thesis shows that, even though the push factors from leading a life in Thailand are increasing in terms of obtaining legal documents, the pull factors towards return or repatriation to Burma remain few for refugees and migrants. In terms of the labour situation, migrants can earn more money and get more value for their money in Thailand. In addition, access to affordable education and health care is much greater in Thailand than in Burma, mostly due to initiatives by international non-governmental actors. In Burma, poverty continues to be an endemic challenge: there are difficulties for families to sustain their livelihoods and obtain access to quality healthcare and education. The findings from the research explain that migrants from Burma, many of which represent a marginalized minority in terms of ethnicity and religion, do not consider a future in Burma for themselves or their families if not forced to leave Thailand. In particular, the Myanmar Muslim subpopulation and those with lower education possess experiences or have perceived discrimination of a potential future in Burma, largely related to issues with identification documents and registration. In addition, lack of land ownership remains a large obstacle for migrant workers and refugees in the consideration of where to live and work in the future.
35
Du, Shengchen. "Social capital, institutional constraints, and labor market outcomes :evidence from university graduates in China." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/653.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of social capital on labor market outcomes is a key concern in sociological studies. Even though there are extensive studies on this topic, with the worldwide expansion of higher education, insufficient scholarly efforts have so far been devoted to understanding access to social capital in the educational setting and labor market impact of social capital for well-educated individuals. Moreover, studies on social capital and migration tend to focus on the role played by social capital on migration decisions and outcomes, contingency impact of social capital on migrants' labor market outcomes are not well understood. To fill the knowledge gap, this research is to examine undergraduates' social capital accumulation and mobilization on campus, and the associated outcomes for their job seeking, with the particular focus on 1) the impact of macro institutions on migrant students' social capital accumulation and mobilization; 2) contingency impact of social capital on labor market outcomes. Combining primary data from in-depth interviews in Tianjin and secondary data collected in Nanjing, China, I examine the different processes of social capital accumulation and mobilization between local and migrant students on campus, and associated labor market outcomes between local and returned migrant students. Findings of this study suggest that university provides an important context for undergraduates to establish social ties and accumulate social capital. By attending higher education institutions, especially elite ones, students gain opportunities to build exclusive social connections on campus. However, opportunities to accumulate social capital on campus are highly structured between local and migrant students because of the household registration system. Moreover, data from in-depth interviews have demonstrated that migrant students suffer disadvantaged capacities to mobilize social capital compared to their local counterparts. The household registration system deprives migrant populations of access to some local employment opportunities, such as government and government-affiliated organizations, migrant students suffer from weaker job information and influence when mobilizing their social capital. Further, by analyzing survey data from Nanjing, it has verified the institutional contingency impact of social capital upon the household registration system between local and returned migrant students. Both total and university-based social capital increases local students' chance to get a desirable job but does not do so for returned migrant students. The central argument of the study is that institutional constraints, such as the household registration system, could lead to different capacities for the accessibility and mobilization of social capital among local students, migrant students, and returned migrant students, finally leading to differential labor market outcomes in Chinese cities.
36
Mai, Dan T. "Sustaining family life in rural China : reinterpreting filial piety in migrant Chinese families." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8e679650-a857-4f3c-a5c1-770a1bff848e.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores the changing nature of filial piety in contemporary society in rural China. With the economic, social and political upheavals that followed the Revolution, can 'great peace under heaven' still be found for the rural Chinese family as in the traditional Confucian proverb,"make yourself useful, look after your family, look after your country, and all is peaceful under heaven"? This study explores this question, in terms not so much of financial prosperity, but of non-tangible cultural values of filial piety, changing familial and gender roles, and economic migration. In particular, it examines how macro level changes in economic, social and demographic policies have affected family life in rural China. The primary policies examined were collectivisation, the hukou registration system, marketization, and the One-Child policy. Ethnographic interviews reveal how migration has affected rural family structures beyond the usual quantifiable economic measures. Using the village of Meijia, Sichuan province, as a paradigmatic sample of family, where members have moved to work in the cities, leaving their children behind with the grandparents, the study demonstrates how migration and modernization are reshaping familial roles, changing filial expectations, reshuffling notions of care-taking, and transforming traditional views on the value of daughters and daughters-in-law. The study concludes that the choices families make around migration, child-rearing and elder-care cannot be fully explained by either an income diversification model or a survival model, but rather through notions of filial piety. Yet the concept of filial piety itself is changing, particularly in relation to gender and perceptions about the worth of daughters and the mother/ daughter-in-law relationship. Understanding these new family dynamics will be important for both policy planners and economic analysts.
37
SAVELIEV, Igor. "The Transition from Immigration Restriction to the Importation of Labor : Recent Migration Patterns and Chinese Migrants in Russia." Graduate School of International Development, Nagoya University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8804.
Full text
38
Chen, Warren. "The Impact of Regional Return on Education on the Self-selection of Mexican Immigrants." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2005.
Full textAbstract:
This paper uses the 2010 Mexican Population and Housing Survey to examine the role of regional return to education on migrant selection. The study uses a standard linear regression model to predict the educational attainment of migrants and compares it to the educational attainment of non-migrants in each Mexican State. It finds evidence of negative selection, that less educated Mexican citizens are more likely to migrate to the United States. It also finds little evidence of the impact of regional return to education on migrant selection. The study offers potential explanations for the lack of impact and suggests avenues for continued study.
39
Du, Huimin. "Community sentiments and the stay-leave intention : a study of temporary migrants in villages-in-the-city in Guangzhou." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2011. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1302.
Full text
40
Urzi, Domenica. "Migrant workers, temporary labour and employment in Southern Europe : a case study on migrants working in the agricultural informal economy of Sicily." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28737/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the migratory experience mainly of Tunisian and Romanian workers in the agricultural informal economy of Sicily (Italy), based on observation and 30 semi-structured interviews. Starting from the reasons behind the decision to migrate and the expectations towards their migratory experience, this thesis argues that family’s needs are central motivational factors for the majority of the people who were part of my study and that the migratory experience tends to transform conventional gendering and parenting roles. The thesis also investigates the strategies used by Tunisian and Romanian migrants to enter the Italian territory and to be recruited in the agricultural sector. My data suggested that social capital (or the lack of it) and social networks are essential resources to enter the Italian territory and its labour market and to remain active within it. Furthermore, the thesis claims that the interaction between the widespread informal employment in Southern Europe and discriminating forms of citizenship creates a paradoxical situation where newly European Romanian workers have more opportunity to negotiate with employers within the informal economy, whereas non-European people must seek contractual work within the formal labour market to justify their immigration status, making them more vulnerable to exploitation by deceitful employers. For this reason an imaginary continuum line has been developed in the last two chapters of the thesis to highlight how discriminatory citizenship status interacts with the informal labour economy of the agricultural sector of Sicily, exacerbating unequal power relations and labour exploitation. By stretching the concept of the ‘camp’ developed by Agamben (1998), the informal economy will be considered as a dimension where people’s rights are severely undermined. The thesis nonetheless asserts that recognition of human dignity and human rights offer a form of utopian critique that might be considered positive as it stands outside the limitations of national forms of citizenship and points to more inclusive ideas of global citizenship.
41
Peychlova, Kristyna. "The role of materiality in transnational family relationships of Czech migrants in Sweden." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22809.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the transnational family relationships of Czech pre-1989 political émigrés and post-1989 love/ economic migrants in Sweden and their homeland-based relatives, by looking at the practices via which these relationships are initiated and maintained and the role of materiality in these practices. The theoretical framework builds on the notion of “transnationalism from below” as a perspective which intersects migration and family studies, and posits the focus on material culture as an effective analytical tool. After setting the research in the context of Czech and Czechoslovak migration in the 20th century, qualitative analysis of life history narratives and ethnographic interviews is used to investigate the topic in question. Considering the influence of historical and individual factors, the study identifies the parallels and divergences in the two migrant groups’ practices of long-distance communication and mutual visits and in their attitudes to the role of materiality in transnational family relationships. The thesis concludes by stating that in contrast to the pre-1989 émigrés, the post-1989 migrants’ transnational connections with the homeland-based kin are more frequent and intensive. While material aspects play a more significant role in the post-1989 migrants’ transnational family relationships, material differences are more pronounced in the pre-1989 émigrés’ relationships. The historical circumstances of migration, the individuals’ perceptions of their own acts of migration as voluntary or forced and the question of whether or not they were given a license to leave by their homeland-based kin are said to have a significant impact on relationship initiation, the practices of relationship maintenance and the inherent role of materiality. The importance of individual-level enquiry of the migration experience is thus emphasized.
42
Jakobsen, Thomas Sætre. "Impacts of labor migration for rural householdsin a particular setting in southwest China: : Resource Distribution and Second‐Generation Migrants." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Geography, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-5512.
Full textAbstract:
<p><p>This thesis studies the impact of out‐migration of people from rural households in a particular setting in Yunnan Province, China, and the distribution of resources between these households. Household interviews were conducted and based on the data collected households were categorized, based on income, ownership, and consumption, in order to investigate the relationship between migration and household resources. Additionally, number of adult laborers in the households and size of landholdings were included, in the analysis, as factors that influence the distribution of resources between households.</p><p>The findings from this thesis to a large degree overlaps the findings of Murphy (2002); labor migration affect the distribution of resources between households, as households with migrants have a clear tendency towards being better off. Households without migrants show the opposite tendency and are more often situated in the lowlevel resource categories. However, this thesis finds that, based on Chayanovian‐theory, number of adult laborers distributed between households is the main source of inequalities at the time of this single‐moment study. Households with many workers have easier access to participate in migration. Additionally, findings show support of the argument that second‐generation migrants are less loyal towards their households than first‐generation migrants and contribute with less remittance back to the household. However, second‐generation migrant households do not seem to be as dependent on receiving these remittances as first‐generation migrant households.</p></p>
43
Li, Ying, and 李瑩. "An analysis of governmental policy for rural-urban migrants in China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41897055.
Full text
44
Smith, Richard Yates. "Masculinity in the Absence of Women: The Gendered Identities of Los Solos in Mexican Chicago, 1916-1930." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1229033987.
Full text
45
Van, Raepenbusch Sean. "La sécurité sociale des travailleurs migrants en droit européen." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213117.
Full text
46
Rojas, Carlos. "The Impact of Migration on Natives’ Unemployment Rates : A study on the municipal level in Sweden." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Nationalekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32839.
Full textAbstract:
The following is a study of the impact of migration on unemployment rates for natives in Sweden, on municipal level. A cross sectional data set has been analyzed using multiple linear regressions. The regression analysis has searched for the impact on the unemployment rates among natives of the size of the share of migrants in the municipalities as well as of the change in the size of the share of migrants during a time span of 13 years. The results show that migration has small or non-existent impact on the unemployment rates of natives. The results vary depending on the period being investigated and also depending on the characteristics of the municipality that is investigated. When dividing the municipalities into three categories (city, urban and rural municipalities) significant impact of migration on native’s unemployment rates is to be found in city and urban municipalities, but not in rural. The results also indicate that the most significant impact is to be found in the present period of time, while in the long term the impact diminishes to become less significant or not significant at all. 10% migrants in a city municipality in 2015 increased natives’ unemployment level that same year by 0.4 percentage units. More rapid increases of the share of migrants in the labor force have more impact as well. A municipality were the share of migrants grew with 1 percentage unit between 2003 and 2015, had 0.1 percentage unit higher unemployment rate for natives in 2015. This study’s results follow the pattern from earlier studies in the field, that since the 1990’s have shown similar effects when measuring different countries on different continents – sometimes the effect has been significant, sometimes not, and when significant the impact has been rather small, often clustering around zero.
47
Papadopoulos, Anthony. "Between Two Worlds: the Phenomenon of Re-emigration by Hellenes to Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/722.
Full textAbstract:
The centrality of the thesis is the impact upon the individual Greek migrant who chose to leave his place of birth by emigrating, repatriating, and subsequently re-emigrating, and how the surreptitious nature of acculturation alters perceptions and thoughts. The causes of such migratory translocations will be analyzed within the sociocultural and historicoeconomic conditions that appertained at the time the decisions were taken to deracinate oneself. The study will provide an analysis of diachronic Hellenic migration and Australian immigration policies (since its inception as a federated state). There will also be an analysis of Australia's diachronic and dedicated immigration control mechanisms since federation, its various post-immigration integration policies of immigrants, the mass immigration program activated in the post-WWII period, and the adoption and incorporation of multiculturalism as the guiding force in migrant selection and integration. Australia's history, its cultural inheritance, its socioeconomic development, and its attraction as a receiving country of immigrants are analyzed, as are Australia's xenophobia and racism at its inception, and how these twin social factors influenced its immigration program. The study examines limitations placed upon social intercourse, employment opportunities, and other hindrances to Greek (and other non-British migrants) immigrants because of Australia's adoption of restrictive, racially-based immigration policies. The study focuses upon the under-development of Hellas in the first half of the twentieth century, its high unemployment and under-employment rates, and the multiple other reasons, aside form unemployment, which forced thousands of Hellenes to seek an alternative (for a better life) through internal or external migration. Particular emphasis will be placed upon historic occasions in Greece's history and the influence of foreign powers upon internal Greek politics. The motivations for each distinct stage of translocation, in the lives of the respondents, will be examined within the ambit of social, cultural, economic, and historical context, which will place emphasis on the socioeconomic development of Hellas, the development of Hellenic Diaspora, Australia's development as a receiving immigrant country, and the effects of acculturation and nostalgia upon first-generation Greek-Australians. Given that the thesis is based upon personal recollections and detailed information that span decades of the respondents' lives, the thesis is divided into four parts for greater clarity and comprehension: the first examines respondents' lives in region of birth, their families' economic, educational, and social environment, scholastic achievements by respondents, employment status, future prospects, religiosity, hopes and aspirations, and reasons for seeking to migrate. The second part examines respondents' lives in Australia, within the contextuality of accommodation, employment, family creation, social adaptation, language acquisition, attitude towards unionism and religion, expectations about Australia, and reasons for repatriating. The third part analyzes repatriation and life in Greece through resettlement, accommodation, children's schooling and adaptation, relatives' and friends' attitude, disappointments, and longing for things Australian, while it also examines re-emigratory causes and the disillusionment suffered through repatriation. The final part assesses resettlement in Australia, and all associated social, economic, and environmental aspects, as well as respondents' children's readaptation to different lifestyle and educational system. The thesis concludes with recommendations for possible further studies associated with the thesis' nature.
48
Papadopoulos, Anthony. "Between Two Worlds: the Phenomenon of Re-emigration by Hellenes to Australia." University of Sydney. Languages and Cultures, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/722.
Full textAbstract:
The centrality of the thesis is the impact upon the individual Greek migrant who chose to leave his place of birth by emigrating, repatriating, and subsequently re-emigrating, and how the surreptitious nature of acculturation alters perceptions and thoughts. The causes of such migratory translocations will be analyzed within the sociocultural and historicoeconomic conditions that appertained at the time the decisions were taken to deracinate oneself. The study will provide an analysis of diachronic Hellenic migration and Australian immigration policies (since its inception as a federated state). There will also be an analysis of Australia�s diachronic and dedicated immigration control mechanisms since federation, its various post-immigration integration policies of immigrants, the mass immigration program activated in the post-WWII period, and the adoption and incorporation of multiculturalism as the guiding force in migrant selection and integration. Australia�s history, its cultural inheritance, its socioeconomic development, and its attraction as a receiving country of immigrants are analyzed, as are Australia�s xenophobia and racism at its inception, and how these twin social factors influenced its immigration program. The study examines limitations placed upon social intercourse, employment opportunities, and other hindrances to Greek (and other non-British migrants) immigrants because of Australia�s adoption of restrictive, racially-based immigration policies. The study focuses upon the under-development of Hellas in the first half of the twentieth century, its high unemployment and under-employment rates, and the multiple other reasons, aside form unemployment, which forced thousands of Hellenes to seek an alternative (for a better life) through internal or external migration. Particular emphasis will be placed upon historic occasions in Greece�s history and the influence of foreign powers upon internal Greek politics. The motivations for each distinct stage of translocation, in the lives of the respondents, will be examined within the ambit of social, cultural, economic, and historical context, which will place emphasis on the socioeconomic development of Hellas, the development of Hellenic Diaspora, Australia�s development as a receiving immigrant country, and the effects of acculturation and nostalgia upon first-generation Greek-Australians. Given that the thesis is based upon personal recollections and detailed information that span decades of the respondents� lives, the thesis is divided into four parts for greater clarity and comprehension: the first examines respondents� lives in region of birth, their families� economic, educational, and social environment, scholastic achievements by respondents, employment status, future prospects, religiosity, hopes and aspirations, and reasons for seeking to migrate. The second part examines respondents� lives in Australia, within the contextuality of accommodation, employment, family creation, social adaptation, language acquisition, attitude towards unionism and religion, expectations about Australia, and reasons for repatriating. The third part analyzes repatriation and life in Greece through resettlement, accommodation, children�s schooling and adaptation, relatives� and friends� attitude, disappointments, and longing for things Australian, while it also examines re-emigratory causes and the disillusionment suffered through repatriation. The final part assesses resettlement in Australia, and all associated social, economic, and environmental aspects, as well as respondents� children�s readaptation to different lifestyle and educational system. The thesis concludes with recommendations for possible further studies associated with the thesis� nature.
49
Nakamoto, Ana Luisa Campanha. "De volta para casa: um estudo sobre brasileiras e brasileiros retornados do Japão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-08012013-122127/.
Full textAbstract:
A perspectiva de gênero trouxe significativas contribuições para os estudos migratórios, mas permanece como um recurso analítico pouco utilizado nas pesquisas sobre migração brasileira para o Japão. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho procura analisar de que maneira essa categoria, aplicada à análise do circuito migratório em questão, permite vislumbrar as diferentes estratégias para lidar com o deslocamento tanto em sua dimensão espacial, como social em particular na situação de retorno ao Brasil. A observação do processo migratório a partir das relações sociais entre os sexos implica não apenas em uma opção por dar visibilidade às mulheres que fazem parte do grupo estudado, mas também em um recurso analítico que permite abordar os fluxos populacionais a partir de um leque mais amplo de questões para além das busca por melhores salários; incluindo como o engajamento nos processos migratórios está relacionado a maneiras de lidar com os papéis sociais que possuem dimensões étnicas, geracionais e de gênero. Através da análise de entrevistas e depoimentos pessoais, identificamos a solidariedade intergeracional e as atribuições relativas ao trabalho produtivo e reprodutivo como aspectos centrais na articulação de estratégias de inserção socioeconômica. O retorno ao Brasil opera nos termos da busca por restauração de situações ocupacionais, familiares e subjetivas anteriores e/ou idealizadas.<br>The gender perspective has brought significant contributions to migration studies, but remains as an analytical tool not widely used in researches on Brazilian migration to Japan. This research attempts to analyze how this category, applied to the analysis of this migration circuit, gives a glimpse of different strategies to cope with the displacement both in its spatial and social dimensions particularly in the situation of returning to Brazil. Observing migration processes from a gender perspective means to give visibility to Brazilian migrant women and, likewise, to address population flows from a wider range of issues beyond the search for better wages, including how engaging migration processes is related to social roles. Through the analysis of interviews, we conclude that solidarity ties between generations and negotiations related to the sexual division of labor within families are crucial aspects in the process of creating socioeconomic integration strategies. Returning to Brazil consists in an attempt to restore previous and/ or idealized occupational, family and subjective situations.
50
Gomes, Sueli de Castro. "O território de trabalho dos carregadores piauienses no terminal da CEAGESP: modernização, mobilização e a migração." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-18102007-144240/.
Full textAbstract:
O objeto da pesquisa é o estudo da mobilidade do trabalho em suas diferentes formas no processo de modernização, no qual a rede social aparece como um produto e suporte de desencadeamento. Para tal, estudamos a migração de nordestinos para a metrópole de São Paulo e em especial uma grande rede social de piauienses. Esse último grupo de migrantes nordestinos vai se inserir no mundo do trabalho na condição de carregadores no terminal de abastecimento da Grande São Paulo. Assim, esses nordestinos demarcam a sua territorialidade, expressa na relação de trabalho, na sua origem e na sua residência. A Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais do Estado de São Paulo - CEAGESP - possui entre outros equipamentos um entreposto terminal de produtos hortifrutigranjeiros e pescado. Este entreposto está instalado desde 1966 na Vila Leopoldina, localizado na Zona Oeste da cidade de São Paulo. Ele é um grande mercado de trabalho, em que a mobilidade do trabalho está materializada sob diversas formas ocupação tanto na área interna, como no seu entorno. As formas de trabalho desse Mercado estão inseridos nos dois circuitos da economia urbana.<br>This research aims at studying the labor mobility in its different forms within the modernization process, in which the social network appears as its product and also as a ground for its development. Thus, we exam the migration of Brazilian Northeastern people to the city of São Paulo, more specifically those from the State of Piauí. Members of this group tend to introduce themselves in the labor market in the condition of carriers in the São Paulo metropolitan supplying terminal, known as CEAGESP. By that, these migrants define their territoriality, expressed in the labor relationships they establish in their origin places as well as in their local residences. The State of São Paulo General Mart and Warehouse Company - CEAGESP - has among other equipments a commercialization terminal of vegetables, fruits, and fish and poultry products. This mart has been installed at Vila Leopoldina since 1966, located in the West Zone of the city of São Paulo. Also, it constitutes an immense \"labor market\", where the labor mobility is materialized under various occupation forms, be it in its internal area or in its surroundings. The labor forms of this market are inserted in both the urban economy circuits.