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1
King, Jeremy, and Gary Wayne van Vuuren. "Flagging potential fraudulent investment activity." Journal of Financial Crime 23, no. 4 (2016): 882–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-09-2015-0051.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the use of the bias ratio as a possible early indicator of financial fraud – specifically in the reporting of hedge fund returns. In the wake of the 2008-2009 financial crisis, numerous hedge funds were liquidated and several cases of financial fraud exposed. Design/methodology/approach Risk-adjusted return metrics such as the Sharpe ratio and Value at Risk were used to raise suspicion for fraud. These metrics, however, assume distributional normality and thus have had limited success with hedge fund returns (a characteristic of which is highly skewed, non-normal return distributions). Findings Results indicate that potential fraud would have been detected in the early stages of the scheme’s life. Having demonstrated the credibility of the bias ratio, it was then applied to several indices and (anonymous) South African hedge funds. The results were used to demonstrate the ratio’s scope and robustness and draw attention to other metrics which could be used in conjunction with it. Results from these multiple sources could be used to justify further investigation. Research limitations/implications The traditional metrics for performance evaluation (such as the Sharpe ratio), assume distributional normality and thus have had limited success with hedge fund returns (a characteristic of which is highly skewed, non-normal return distributions). The bias ratio, which does not rely on normally distributed returns, was applied to a known fraud case (Madoff’s Ponzi scheme). Practical implications The effectiveness of the bias ratio in demonstrating potential suspicious financial activity has been demonstrated. Originality/value The financial market has come under heightened scrutiny in the past decade (2005 – 2015) as a result of the fragile and uncertain economic milieu that still (2015) persists. Numerous risk and return measures have been used to evaluate hedge funds’ risk-adjusted performance, but many fail to account for non-normal return distributions exhibited by hedge funds. The bias ratio, however, has been demonstrated to effectively flag potentially fraudulent funds.
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Klos, Alexander. "Myopic loss aversion: Potential causes of replication failures." Judgment and Decision Making 8, no. 5 (2013): 617–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500003703.
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AbstractThis paper presents two studies on narrow bracketing and myopic loss aversion. The first study shows that the tendency to segregate multiple gambles is eliminated if subjects face a certainty equivalent or a probability equivalent task instead of a binary choice. The second study argues that the behavioral differences previously attributed entirely to myopic loss aversion are partly because long-term return properties are simply easier to grasp if the return information is already provided in the form of long-term returns rather than one-year returns. Both results may be related to recent failures to replicate myopic loss aversion. When the choice situation is structured in such a way that it draws respondents’ attention to the final outcome distribution and/or if severe misestimations of long-term returns based on short-term return information are unlikely, behavioral differences consistent with myopic loss aversion are less likely to be observed.
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Hardiyanti, Siti Epa. "Risk and Return Analysis on Cryptocurrency Investment." juket 4, no. 2 (2024): 55–58. https://doi.org/10.54076/juket.v4i2.515.
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The global crypto market has garnered attention from investors due to its high return potential, yet the extreme volatility and associated risks pose significant concerns. This study aims to analyze the risks and returns of cryptocurrency investments using a quantitative approach on global crypto market data. The methods employed include volatility analysis using the GARCH model, as well as risk and return evaluation through CAPM. The results indicate that cryptocurrencies exhibit significantly higher volatility compared to traditional assets, with substantial return potential but accompanied by high risk. These findings imply the need for stricter diversification strategies and risk management for crypto investors to optimize returns and minimize losses.
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Crosby, Andrew. "The Political Potential of the Return Directive." Laws 3, no. 1 (2014): 117–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws3010117.
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Liem, Brian C., and Nathan Olafsen. "Pectoralis Major Injuries: Return to Play Potential." Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports 5, no. 2 (2017): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40141-017-0154-9.
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You, Liangzhi, H. Xie, U. Wood-Sichra, Z. Guo, and Lina Wang. "Irrigation potential and investment return in Kenya." Food Policy 47 (August 2014): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2014.04.006.
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Brasier, Kyle, Ingrid Zaragoza, Jacob Knecht, et al. "Potential of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) for Dual-purpose Vegetable Production and Cover Cropping." HortScience 58, no. 1 (2023): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci16843-22.
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Cover cropping has been strongly promoted, but few growers have realized the benefits of this practice due to challenges linked to economic returns and whole-system management. In the western United States, winter legumes including faba bean have the potential to add economic value while offering soil health benefits compared with fallow fields. This experiment assessed the potential of five vegetable faba bean varieties for fresh pod yield, fresh pod quality, and biomass N return under a single and multiple pod harvest scheme. Vegetable faba bean varieties were further compared with two popular cover crop faba bean varieties, ‘Bell bean’ and ‘Sweet Lorane’ for cover crop and biomass N return benefits. The experiment revealed significant (P ≤ 0.05) genotypic variation for vegetable fresh pod yield, dry biomass, fresh pod quality, pod N removal, biomass N return, and C:N in three testing environments under the single and multiple harvest schemes. Finally, the vegetable variety ‘Vroma’ produced high average fresh pod yield under the single (16,178 kg·ha−1) and multiple (38,928 kg·ha−1) harvest schemes while maintaining high biomass N return under the single (119 kg·ha−1 N) and multiple harvests (97 kg·ha−1 N) compared with the cover crop varieties (128 kg·ha−1 N). This experiment demonstrated that a single fresh pod harvest on an early and high yielding faba bean variety can generate economic returns while also providing cover crop benefits that are comparable to termination of a faba bean cover crop on the same date.
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Wilkerson, Gail G., Andrew J. Price, Andrew C. Bennett, David W. Krueger, Gary T. Roberson, and Bridget L. Robinson. "Evaluating the Potential for Site-Specific Herbicide Application in Soybean." Weed Technology 18, no. 4 (2004): 1101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-03-258r.
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Field experiments were conducted on two North Carolina research stations in 1999, 2000, and 2001; on-farm in Lenoir, Wayne, and Wilson counties, NC, in 2002; and on-farm in Port Royal, VA, in 2000, 2001, and 2002 to evaluate possible gains from site-specific herbicide applications at these locations. Fields were scouted for weed populations using custom software on a handheld computer linked to a Global Positioning System. Scouts generated field-specific sampling grids and recorded weed density information for each grid cell. The decision aid HADSS™ (Herbicide Application Decision Support System) was used to estimate expected net return and yield loss remaining after treatment in each sample grid of every field under differing assumptions of weed size and soil moisture conditions, assuming the field was planted with either conventional or glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybean. The optimal whole-field treatment (that treatment with the highest expected net return summed across all grid cells within a field) resulted in average theoretical net returns of $79/ha (U.S. dollars) and $139/ha for conventional and GR soybean, respectively. When the most economical treatment for each grid cell was used in site-specific weed management, theoretical net returns increased by $13/ha (conventional) and $4.50/ha (GR), and expected yield loss after treatment was reduced by 10.5 and 4%, respectively, compared with the whole-field optimal treatment. When the most effective treatment for each grid cell was used in site-specific weed management, theoretical net returns decreased by $18/ha (conventional) and $4/ha (GR), and expected yield loss after treatment was reduced by 27 and 19%, respectively, compared with the whole-field optimal treatment. Site-specific herbicide applications could have reduced the volume of herbicides sprayed by as much as 70% in some situations but increased herbicide amounts in others. On average, the whole-field treatment was optimal in terms of net return for only 35% (conventional) and 57% (GR) of grid cells.
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Ekemode, Benjamin Gbolahan, and Abiola Benjamin Obayomi. "A Re-examination of Housing Investment Performance in Nigeria." International Journal of Real Estate Studies 18, no. 1 (2024): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/intrest.v18n1.338.
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Arising from the lack of a holistic performance analysis of housing investment in Nigeria, this paper re-examines the return-risk performance of residential property assets by focusing on the tier 1 property markets of Lagos, Abuja, and Port Harcourt. Data on the rental and capital values of residential property assets, comprising bungalows, blocks of flats, and detached houses, from 1999 to 2022 were obtained from estate surveying and valuation firms in the three locations. Mean return and standard deviation were employed to analyse return and risk profiles. Variations in return and risk profiles were further examined using a four-year sub-period analysis. The return-risk ratio was also employed to measure the attractiveness of the investment. The downside risk measure of the Sortino ratio was utilised to determine the risk-adjusted performance of the residential property assets. The results revealed that, on mean return and return-risk tradeoff bases, bungalow investments had superior performance compared with other property types across the geographic areas. When aggregated, residential property assets in Port Harcourt experienced superior return-risk performance relative to other locations. On sub-period analysis, the study established variations in the performance of the residential property assets across time periods and locations. On the risk-adjusted performance measure, it was found that bungalows in Lagos had the highest risk-adjusted performance. Detached house investments across the three locations were also found to exhibit low downside risk-adjusted performance. The study concluded that investors could gain high and attractive returns when making bungalow housing investment decisions with a huge potential for downside risk-proof returns. Moreover, investors could further expand this potential by concentrating more housing investment activities in Port Harcourt, as returns in this location are insulated from downside risk. However, investors should be cautious when investing in detached house assets across the three locations, as returns from this asset might be susceptible to downside risk.
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Austin, Timothy. "Finding Your Island: To Return or Not to Return." Practicing Anthropology 37, no. 2 (2015): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.37.2.c67738415008jm47.
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Based upon multiple field visits to the same site in northwest Mindanao in the southern Philippines, the issue addressed here is how ethnographic data may differ, pro and con, as the researcher ages and changes over time. Issues of validity, reliability and even potential creativity of insights are touched upon as variables in long-term research to the same locale.
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Gupta, Deepak, Arnab Pal, and Anupam Kundu. "Resetting with stochastic return through linear confining potential." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2021, no. 4 (2021): 043202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/abefdf.
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Newland, Rita, and Ros Bryar. "Return to health visiting: Realising the potential conference." Journal of Health Visiting 1, no. 4 (2013): 196–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/johv.2013.1.4.196.
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Thomas‐Hope, Elizabeth. "Return Migration to Jamaica and its Development Potential." International Migration 37, no. 1 (1999): 183–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2435.00070.
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Pauli, Urban, and Renata Osowska. "Building entrepreneurial potential abroad – exploring return migrant experience." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 25, no. 5 (2019): 936–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-02-2018-0098.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how entrepreneurial potential is built abroad during the periods of EU economic migration and how this affects the entrepreneurial behaviour of individuals after returning to their home country. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods approach was employed via developing a structured interview discussion guide with open and closed questions centred around the topic of migration, reasons for starting a business and capital (e.g. human, financial, relational) gained abroad. The study covered 54 Polish return entrepreneurs identified through random purposive sampling. Findings The findings suggest an important role of migration on the decision to start a business as almost half of the respondents formulated a business idea during the migration. The capital gains affecting entrepreneurial potential development were mostly observed in terms of financial and human capital with relational capital only applied to a business idea. This may explain individual preferences to setting up a business when returning to the home country. Overall, the findings confirm the important role of economic migration in building the entrepreneurial potential of returnee entrepreneurs. Originality/value The study explores an alternative to the mainstream assumptions on migration by investigating entrepreneurial individuals, processes and practices that happen during reverse migration. Furthermore, by applying the resource-based view of the firm theory, this research expands the understanding of the inter-relationship between processes of economic migration and entrepreneurial potential development.
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Meek, Julie A. "Increasing Return on Investment Potential in Care Management." Lippincott's Case Management 8, no. 5 (2003): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00129234-200309000-00004.
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FINN, ROBERT. "Screening on Return From Duty Catches Potential Problems." Internal Medicine News 39, no. 4 (2006): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(06)72914-6.
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Oberhardt, M. R., D. A. Hardy, W. E. Slutter, et al. "The Shuttle Potential and return electron experiment (SPREE)." Il Nuovo Cimento C 17, no. 1 (1994): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02506681.
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Hotez, Peter J., and Angelle Desiree LaBeaud. "Yellow Jack’s Potential Return to the American South." New England Journal of Medicine 389, no. 16 (2023): 1445–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmp2308420.
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Candy, Candy. "Stock Return Pada Saham Anggota Indeks IDX80: Analisis Rasio Keuangan." Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Bisnis 14, no. 1 (2022): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jipb.v14i1.758.
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This study aims to analyze the effect of financial ratios, namely return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), earning per share (EPS), current ratio (CR), dan debt to equity ratio (DER) on stock returns on member shares listed on index IDX80 during the period from 2015 to 2019. The sample in this study consisted of 80 companies using secondary data in the financial statements contained in IDX80. The data analysis method used is panel data regression. The results obtained in testing this hypothesis are that return on assets has a significant positive effect on stock returns, and the debt to equity ratio has a significant negative effect on stock returns. An increase in company profits will support an increase in dividend payments and make shares more attractive to investors, increasing stock prices. Conversely, if the company has a more significant proportion of debt, it will be a burden for the company in terms of fulfilling obligations, the costs incurred due to financing, and the potential for financial difficulties to reduce the rate of return on shares. The results also show that return on equity, earnings per share, and current ratio have no significant effect on stock returns.
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Zhang, Xianyin, Haoran Feng, Shuyu Li, and Yiqiao Yang. "Prediction of Stock Return Based on Sentiment." Theoretical and Natural Science 56, no. 1 (2024): 137–50. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/2024.18489.
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In the rapidly evolving field of financial forecasting, the accurate prediction of stock returns remains a significant challenge. This paper aims to leverage Natural Language Processing algorithms (NLP) to develop a predictive model for stock returns. The research utilized return labels derived from stock price return and sentiment data extracted from StockTwits (a financial social media platform) comments from January 2020 to March 2022. A comparative analysis was conducted to assess the performance of traditional statistical models (Logistics Regression Model), supervised models (Random Forest , Gradient Boosting, XGBoost and Nave Bayes Model), and an ensemble model (Majority Vote Model) in the prediction tasks. The objective was to identify the most effective model, and to provide precise predictions for future stock returns. Our simulations show that (1) Sentiments can work as an effective proxy to predict stock return; (2) likes from users to comments is suitable for price prediction; (3) Logistic Regression didnt work well in prediction, even when used with other techniques; (4) Random Forest Model and Gradient Boosting Model outperform other simpler models, showing promising predictive results; (5) Ensemble model effectively diminishes the influences of potential model overfitting problems. These findings underline the potential of sentiment analytic models as a tool for more accurate financial forecasting.
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Roten, Ivan C., and Jarrod G. Johnston. "Improving US real estate returns with cost segregation." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 37, no. 4 (2019): 334–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-02-2019-0021.
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Purpose US taxing authorities allow property investment to be separated into components. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the classification of property affects the amount and timing of depreciation. Increased and accelerated depreciation increases after-tax cash flows and investor returns. Design/methodology/approach This paper explains traditional methods to analyze real estate investments and introduces modified methods that include the effect of taxes to improve the estimate of the potential return to the investor. Commonly used property classification methods are evaluated and projections are used to demonstrate the impact on investor returns. Findings Modified methods may improve return estimates and appropriately classifying property improves investor returns. Practical implications After-tax cash flows should be used to analyze potential real estate investments and properties should be accurately classified to maximize returns. Originality/value This paper demonstrates how to analyze real estate investments and maximize returns.
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CMA, Dr. Samyabrata Das. "Examining the Nitty-Gritty of NPS." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 03, no. 05 (2018): 125–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1253426.
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The main intention of National Pension System (NPS) is to provide social security to the people of the country during old age. Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) acts as the regulatory body for NPS. The NPS offers two kinds of account: Tier I Account and Tier II Account. The tax benefit is linked only to Tier I Account. The driving forces behind the NPS are the increase in the cost of living, a rise of the nuclear family, increased longevity and ensuring monthly income in old age when one is not as productive as in youth. In this backdrop, the study has made an endeavour to highlight the critical issues of NPS in terms of taxation, return potential, cost, flexibility etc. It is observed that all the Pension Fund Managers (PFMs) succeeded in delivering a return in excess of 11% during 2-year, 3-year and the 5-year period for the Central Government and State Government Schemes. Average annualised returns of aggressive investors are the best in 1-year and 5-year time period, whereas average annualised returns of ultra-safe investors are the best in the 3-year time period. All stakeholders: the government, employers and employees have a role to play in fostering a conducive pension environment in India. The government needs to consider higher tax incentives, consistent tax treatment of various pension plans and transparency in regulations to augment pension coverage in India.
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Prasad, RN, SK Singh, RB Yadava, Vanitha SM, and J. Singh. "Production potential and economics of different vegetable-based crop sequences." Vegetable Science 47, no. 02 (2020): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.61180/vegsci.2020.v47.i2.05.
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Crop diversification in the form of including different cerealand horticultural crops in the cropping sequence can providefarmers with better income realization & profitability, resourceuse efficiency and productivity. Hence, a field experimentwas conducted to diversify and select suitable vegetablebased cropping system/sequence in Indo-Gangetic plain ofEastern Uttar Pradesh. Adequate intercultural operations,soil amendment and soil treatment along with proper fertilizermanagement produced higher crop yields. The vegetableyield during rabi season in the system where wheat wasreplaced by vegetable after rice ranged from 92.35 q/ha (Pea)to 407.1 q/ha (tomato). Rice equivalent yield (REY) in thecropping sequence where two vegetable crops were takenwas 177% (Rice-broccoli-cowpea) and 115% (rice-pea-okra)higher than the rice wheat cropping sequence. Under uppermidland situation the highest gross return (Rs 463736/ha)was recorded under okra -tomato- cowpea sequencehowever, the highest net return of Rs 261802 /ha and benefitcost ratio 2.43 was obtained in maize pea-pumpkin croppingsequence. Under low midland situation the highest grossreturn (Rs 459505/ha) and net returns (Rs 249955/ha) andbenefit cost ratio (2.20) was obtained in rice-broccoli-cowpeacropping sequence. Hence, it is suggested andrecommended that intensive vegetable-based croppingpatterns are suitable for small & medium farmers. Growingof three seasonal vegetables in a year and inclusion ofvegetables into the rice-wheat cropping pattern couldincrease the cropping intensity and productivity andeconomic returns.
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Dr.A.Shaji, George. "The Hidden Cost: Understanding the Environmental Impact of Online Purchase Returns." Partners Universal Innovative Research Publication (PUIRP) 02, no. 01 (2024): 132–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10674476.
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The rise of e-commerce has led to unprecedented levels of online shopping. While convenient for consumers, this trend has also increased product returns. Retailers have enabled easy, often-free returns to boost sales. However, these lenient policies are creating an environmental crisis. This paper examines the scale of returns, their environmental impact, what drives consumer behavior, and the accountability of retailers. Statistics reveal alarming rates of returns. In the United States, over $800 billion worth of merchandise is returned annually—more than the defense budget. Return rates are also high in Germany (50%), the UK (25%), and India (25%). The majority of returned items are unused and in new condition. These returns carry a significant environmental cost. Transporting returns worldwide generates over 15 million metric tons of carbon emissions annually in the US alone. 9.5 million pounds of returns end up in American landfills each year, requiring massive resources to produce items that go unused. A practice called "wardrobing" is partially responsible when consumers purchase, use, and then return items. Lack of awareness and impulse shopping enabled by free returns also drive wasteful consumer behavior. While implementing small return fees, retailers remain focused on sales over sustainability. Greater investments are needed in recycling, reusing returns, and transparent return processes. Potential solutions require a collaborative approach. Stricter return policies, fees, and consumer education can help. Most critically, retailers must take leadership in developing sustainable return practices through investments in technology and infrastructure. In conclusion, a major tension exists between customer service and environmental stewardship. As e-commerce expands, the onus is on retailers to balance these competing demands. This will require better policies and transparency around returns, changing consumer behavior, and manufacturers taking responsibility for the lifecycle of products. Tackling the environmental impact of returns will be a key priority as online shopping continues its rapid growth.
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Yan, Junqin. "Momentum Investing: A Comparison of Machine Learning and Markowitz Theory." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 192, no. 1 (2025): 161–71. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/2025.bl24176.
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This paper compares two momentum-based trading strategies: a traditional mean-variance approach and a machine learning method using XGBoost. The rule-based strategy selects stocks based on short-term returns and applies mean-variance optimization. It achieved lower cumulative returns (17.55%) but showed more stable performance, with a maximum drawdown of -68.35% and a return-to-drawdown ratio of 0.26. However, its reliance on assumptions like normally distributed returns and static covariances limits its real-world applicability. In contrast, the XGBoost strategy forecasts returns using historical price and volume data. It produced higher returns (40.43%) and a stronger return-to-drawdown ratio (0.31), but with increased risk, reflected in a drawdown of -84.45%. While better at capturing nonlinear signals, the model is more fragile under volatility. The study highlights the trade-off between stability and return potential in traditional and machine learning based momentum strategies. Future work should investigate hybrid approaches that combine statistical rigor with machine learning adaptability to improve robustness in dynamic markets.
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Atmariani, Annisa Aulia Rahma, and Dian Agustia. "Return on assets, return on equity, earnings per share, dividend yield, and book-to-market ratio’s effects on stock return." SOSIOHUMANIORA: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora 10, no. 1 (2024): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30738/sosio.v10i1.15870.
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This research intends to investigate the ability of Return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), earnings per share (EPS), dividend yield (DY), and book-to-market ratio (BMR) on stock returns. Stock investment is one strategy for investors to channel their finances while boosting wealth due to the high return on equities earned. In this study, company information is represented by financial ratios, which play a significant role in guiding investors in identifying which companies have the potential to give the highest number of returns. With 164 total observations, this research used 56 companies that were part of the LQ45 index on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2019–2022 timeframe as a sample study with the aim to examine the effects of ROA, ROE, EPS, dividend yield, and book-to-market ratio on stock return. Using STATA 14.0 software, double linear regression analysis is used in the hypothesis test. The results of this research, as proven by the regression analysis, are as follows: (1) the book-to-market ratio negatively affects stock return; and (2) ROA, ROE, EPS, and dividend yield have no bearing on stock return. This study emphasizes the value of diversifying investment strategies and avoiding a narrow range of financial ratios when choosing which stocks to buy. Investors should evaluate general business conditions and take a wider range of issues into account.
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Agava, Halim Yusuf, Naomi Ijadunola Popoola, and Michael Tolu Adeyemi Ajayi. "Assessment of Residential Real Estate Investment Performance in Lafia Metropolis, Nigeria." International Journal of Real Estate Studies 17, no. 1 (2023): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/intrest.v17n1.240.
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Investors are expected to be guided through investment performance measurement and analysis in order to safeguard against potential loss of investment returns or the capital invested. Whereas residential real estate (RRE) constitutes a significant part of the portfolios of individual and institutional investors across the globe, the assessment of risk-return performance of RRE investment in Nigeria generally has not been well researched. Investors in real estate (RE) in the Lafia city of Nasarawa State, like other cities in Nigeria, still rely on mere intuition, sales comparison and the rule of thumb in real estate investment decisions-making. Consequently, these ill-informed investors often venture into poorly conceived and subsequently financially disastrous real estate investment projects thereby failing to achieve their desired investment objectives. Hence, this research was conducted to evaluate the performances of RRE investment in Lafia metropolis of north-central Nigeria with a view to guiding existing and potential real estate investors and practitioners in the region in making informed property investment decision. A survey research design was adopted to collect transacted residential property value data from estate surveying and valuation firms as well as reputable estate agent offices in the study area. Mean scores, property value index and holding period return model were used to analyse the rental/capital value indices and total return performance respectively. The modified value-at-risk model was used to assess risk while the modified Sharpe ratio was used to evaluate the risk-return performance of RRE investment performance in the study area. The research findings revealed, among others, a progressive increase in rental and capital values of RRE within the study period. RRE investment showed an average rental growth of 6.8% per annum and capital value growth of 9.4% per annum. On the basis of investment returns, it was found that Angwan Doka outperformed other selected neighbourhoods in the study area with an average mean total return and risk-adjusted return of 13.76% and 0.80% per annum respectively while Shabu underperformed other locations with average mean total return and risk-adjusted return of 12.17% and 0.55% per annum. The study recommended, among others, that potential real estate investors should consider investing in residential real estate in Angwan Doka since this location gives higher total and risk-adjusted returns on residential property investment relative to other locations in the city.
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Hendajany, Nenny, Tri Widodo, and Eny Sulistyaningrum. "Perkembangan Tingkat Pengembalian Investasi Pendidikan Antar-Provinsi: Indonesia Family Life Survey 1993–2014." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia 17, no. 1 (2016): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v17i1.647.
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Evolution Returns to Education Across Provinces: Indonesia Family Life Survey 1993–2014This study traces the evolution of return to education using large samples from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS). This study apply Mincer Model to find rate of return to education. The rate of return to education decrease from 1993 to 2014 in Indonesia. Interestingly, the declining rate for return to education for men is much larger than for women. Return to education is considerably heterogenic across province and gender. Furthermore, the rate of women is larger than men. Finally, this study find potential experience have not different from 1993 to 1997, but have increased in 2000 and 2014.Keywords: Education; Returns to Education; Mincer ModelAbstrakPenelitian ini melihat perkembangan dari tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan (return to education) dengan data Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS). Penelitian ini menggunakan Model Mincer untuk menentukan tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan. Tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan menurun dari tahun 1993 sampai 2014. Penurunan tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan untuk pria lebih besar dari pada wanita. Hasil tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan bervariasi antar-provinsi dan jenis kelamin, namun pada umumnya nilai return pada wanita lebih besar daripada pria. Pengaruh dari pengalaman kerja potensial tidak berbeda dari tahun 1993 sampai 1997, tetapi mulai meningkat di tahun 2000 dan 2014.
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Cohen, Gil, and Mahmoud Qadan. "The Information Conveyed in a SPAC′s Offering." Entropy 23, no. 9 (2021): 1215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23091215.
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The popularity of SPACs (Special Purpose Acquisition Companies) has grown dramatically in recent years as a substitute for the traditional IPO (Initial Public Offer). We modeled the average annual return for SPAC investors and found that this financial tool produced an annual return of 17.3%. We then constructed an information model that examined a SPAC′s excess returns during the 60 days after a potential merger or acquisition had been announced. We found that the announcement had a major impact on the SPAC’s share price over the 60 days, delivering on average 0.69% daily excess returns over the IPO portfolio and 31.6% cumulative excess returns for the entire period. Relative to IPOs, the cumulative excess returns of SPACs rose dramatically in the next few days after the potential merger or acquisition announcement until the 26th day. They then declined but rose again until the 48th day after the announcement. Finally, the SPAC’s structure reduced the investors’ risk. Thus, if investors buy a SPAC stock immediately after a potential merger or acquisition has been announced and hold it for 48 days, they can reap substantial short-term returns.
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Easley, David, Soeren Hvidkjaer, and Maureen O’Hara. "Factoring Information into Returns." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 45, no. 2 (2010): 293–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109010000074.
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AbstractWe examine the potential profits of trading on a measure of private information (PIN) in a stock. A zero-investment portfolio that is size-neutral but long in high PIN stocks and short in low PIN stocks earns a significant abnormal return. The Fama-French, momentum, and liquidity factors do not explain this return. However, significant covariation in returns exists among high PIN stocks and among low PIN stocks, suggesting that PIN might proxy for an underlying factor. We create a PIN factor as the monthly return on the zero-investment portfolio above and show that it is successful in explaining returns to independent PIN-size portfolios. We also show that it is robust to inclusion of the Pástor-Stambaugh liquidity factor and the Amihud illiquidity factor. We argue that information remains an important determinant of asset returns even in the presence of these additional factors.
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Haikal, Muhammad, Dhany Esperanza, Sulistyodewi Nur Wiyono, and Pandi Pardian. "Pola Abnormal Return Saham Sektor Pertanian Dalam Indeks IDNONCYC Pada Peristiwa Kenaikan Harga Bahan Bakar Minyak 3 September 2022." Mimbar Agribisnis : Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis 10, no. 1 (2024): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/ma.v10i1.11504.
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The increase in fuel prices announced on September 3, 2022, has the potential to create impacts on the economy, such as inflation, rising production factor costs, and income effects, which, in turn, affect the returns that investors will receive. This research was conducted with the aim of understanding the influence of the fuel price increase on September 3, 2022, on the movement of stock prices in the primary industry sector index (IDXNONCYC) and to determine the return patterns in the primary industry sector (IDXNONCYC). The sample used in this study was purposively selected from sub-industries relevant to the components of the agribusiness subsystem, resulting in 25 samples from the Retail & Food Distribution, Supermarket, Processed Milk, Processed Food, Meat Processing, Plantation, and Tobacco sub-industries, and was analyzed over a 21-day observation period. The analysis process using descriptive statistics shows the distribution of actual returns with 36% positive, 41% negative, and 23% zero actual returns. Additionally, a positive abnormal return pattern was found, accounting for 40% with a total of 209 occurrences, and a negative abnormal return pattern accounted for 60% with a total of 316 occurrences. Furthermore, a consecutive negative abnormal return pattern was identified for 17 days, and a varied positive abnormal return pattern was also observed.
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Dr.Umakanth.S, Dr Umakanth S., and Dr Soma Sharma. "Analytical Review on Return Potential of Postal Savings Schemes (With particular reference to Bangalore city)." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 6 (2011): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/june2014/96.
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Chang, Chun-Hao, Julia Chou, and Krishnan Dandapani. "Navigating the Trade-Offs: The Impact of Aggressive Working Capital Policies on Stock Return Volatility." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 18, no. 3 (2025): 137. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18030137.
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This paper examines the relationship between a firm’s working capital policy and the volatility of its stock returns. We find that a firm with an aggressive working capital policy tends to exhibit a higher level of return volatility. This finding is robust across years and industries after controlling for factors such as financial stability and sales growth. Our results further indicate that aggressively managed working capital policy affects return volatility through idiosyncratic risk. A decrease in working capital results in the contemporaneous and subsequent increases of return volatility. Our evidence is consistent with the conjecture that there is an important link between a firm’s working capital policy and its stock return volatility. Thus, firm managers must incorporate the potential costs associated with higher stock return volatility into their working capital decision-making when adopting a tightened working capital policy.
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Vora, Kalindi. "Potential, Risk, and Return in Transnational Indian Gestational Surrogacy." Current Anthropology 54, S7 (2013): S97—S106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/671018.
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Tang, Dragon Yongjun. "Potential losses from incorporating return predictability into portfolio allocation." Australian Journal of Management 39, no. 1 (2013): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0312896212462226.
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Henry, David B., Jennifer Cartland, Holly Ruchross, and Kathleen Monahan. "A Return Potential Measure of Setting Norms for Aggression." American Journal of Community Psychology 33, no. 3-4 (2004): 131–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:ajcp.0000027001.71205.dd.
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Maulana*, Yasir, Nugraha Nugraha, Disman Disman, and Maya Sari. "The Effect of Financial Fundamentals on Stock Returns with Sustainability as a Intervening Variable." Jurnal Ilmu Keuangan dan Perbankan (JIKA) 12, no. 2 (2023): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/jika.v12i2.10045.
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This study aims to determine the effect of company fundamentals proxied by Return on Investment (ROI), Price to Earning Ratio (PER), Price to Book Value (PBV), and Operating Profit Margin (OPM) on stock returns with ESG scores as intervening variables. The analysis technique uses the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange's ESG Index as research objects in 2018-2022. The results showed that the ESG score had a positive effect on stock returns. The return on investment (ROI) variable has a positive effect on the ESG score while the other three variables hurt the ESG score. This research has implications for the decision of potential investors in considering the company's fundamental factors and the ESG score in compiling an investment portfolio to achieve the desired stock return.
 Keywords: Return On Investment; Price to Earning Ratio; Price to Book Value; Operating Profit Margin; Stock Returns
 
 Abstrak
 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh fundamental perusahaan yang diproksikan dengan Return on Investment (ROI), Price to Earning Ratio (PER), Price to Book Value (PBV), dan Operating Profit Margin (OPM) terhadap return saham dengan skor ESG sebagai variabel intervening. Teknik analisis menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM) dengan perusahaan-perusahaan yang terdaftar di Indeks ESG Bursa Efek Indonesia sebagai objek penelitian pada tahun 2018-2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skor ESG berpengaruh positif terhadap return saham. Variabel Return of invesment (ROI) dan berpengaruh positif terhadap skor ESG sedangkan tiga variabel lain berpengaruh negatif terhadap skor ESG. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada keputusan calon investor dalam mempertimbangkan faktor fundamental perusahaan dan skor ESG dalam menyusun portofolio investasi guna mencapai return saham yang diinginkan.
 Kata Kunci: Pengembalian Investasi; Rasio Harga terhadap Penghasilan; Harga terhadap Nilai Buku; Margin Laba Usaha; Pengembalian Saham
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Ferreira da Silva, Eliandra. "RETURN IN ADOPTION." Revista Gênero e Interdisciplinaridade 4, no. 04 (2023): 120–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.51249/gei.v4i04.1457.
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This article has as its objective the issue of devolution in adoption and its effects on children and/or adolescents who have been returned and their rights. We will address the role of the State in cases of return of children and adolescents, who are in foster care institutions, and are going through the adoption process. We will also include in this scientific article the concept of adoption, according to some scholars; we will bring some of the adoption in Brazil; we will explain about the qualification process and the return process and your motivations; the legal responsibility of potential adopters, who return the child and/or adolescent.
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Patil, Nagaraj, Suresh K, Jagrati B. Deshmanya, Lokesh G B, and Barikara Umesh. "Economics of Value Added Products of Groundnut in Yadgir District of Karnataka, India." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 30, no. 11 (2024): 762–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i112603.
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The present study was conducted to analyze the costs and returns of value added products of groundnut in Yadgir district of Karnataka. The data was derived from primary sources, consisting of 30 respondents; the information was collected using snowball sampling technique. The findings revealed that for groundnut holige, the total cost of production for 300 holiges was ₹ 2,616.16, with a net return of ₹ 2,783.84 and returns per rupee of investment (RRI) of 2.064. Groundnut chikki production incurred a cost of ₹ 3,595.84 for 500 chikkis, yielding a net return of ₹ 1,404.16 and a RRI of 1.390. Groundnut chutney powder production of 10 kg had a total cost of ₹ 2,079.37, resulting in a net return of ₹ 950.37 and a RRI of 1.463. Boiled groundnut production of 10 kg involved a total cost of ₹ 1,503.71, yielding a net return of ₹ 1,496.29 and a RRI of 1.995. Spicy coated groundnut production (10 kg) had a total cost of ₹ 2,227.91, resulting in a net return of ₹ 772.08 and a RRI of 1.346. The profitability and income-enhancing potential of value-added groundnut products, suggests that the farmers and entrepreneurs in Yadgir District can benefit from processing groundnuts into diverse, marketable products.
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Sevriana, Lufthia, and Erie Febrian. "How Political situation affected Major Stock’s Abnormal Return in Indonesia." Jurnal Pasar Modal dan Bisnis 3, no. 1 (2021): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37194/jpmb.v3i1.74.
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This study presents data on abnormal stock return movements with simple calculations. The result of deep analysis using event study method from major stocks in each sector, prove that There is negative response by the market to the student demonstration during the end of September 2019 that create abnormal return condition until it gets back to be normal in the middle of October. The sectors studied include the banking sector, construction, infrastructure, consumer needs, media, industrial materials, machinery, mining, and health care. Stock returns in Indonesia with inefficient market conditions are vulnerable to issues. Capital markets tend to be easily influenced by political and macroeconomic conditions, but even though the condition of return is abnormal, investors still have the potential to get favourable results.
 Keywords: Stock market, Market efficiency, Event study, Stock Price, Stock Returns
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Xu, Sicheng. "Should people invest in Bitcoin?" Journal of Applied Economics and Policy Studies 16, no. 1 (2025): 41–51. https://doi.org/10.54254/2977-5701/2025.20696.
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I analyzed the historical performance of Bitcoin using its daily price data from October 2017 to January 2023, focusing on its unique characteristics and risk-return profile. The analysis began with an in-depth examination of Bitcoin's metrics, emphasizing factors such as maximum drawdown (MaxDD), a key measure of risk, and volatility, which highlights the asset's price fluctuations. Next, I extended the analysis to include four additional assets: GLD (gold), SPY (SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust), DXY (U.S. dollar index), and QQQ (Invesco QQQ Trust). I evaluated these assets using metrics such as average return, volatility, Sharpe ratio, and maximum drawdown, comparing them directly to Bitcoin. This comparison revealed the relative strengths and weaknesses of Bitcoin against traditional and alternative assets, highlighting its potential for high returns at the cost of elevated risk and drawdowns. Following this, I constructed a portfolio of all five assets, optimizing for the highest Sharpe ratio, which balances return and risk. The analysis delved into why this specific asset combination produced the most optimal Sharpe ratio, considering factors like asset correlations and individual contributions to the portfolio's risk-return tradeoff. To further understand Bitcoin's role, I compared the optimized portfolio with and without Bitcoin, evaluating differences in Sharpe ratio, return, and volatility. This analysis underscored the conditional value of including Bitcoin, as its contribution depends on an investors risk tolerance and market conditions. Ultimately, I concluded that Bitcoin can be a worthwhile investment, but only under specific conditions where its high risk is offset by its potential for outsized returns and diversification benefits.
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Shehu, Edlira, Dominik Papies, and Scott A. Neslin. "Free Shipping Promotions and Product Returns." Journal of Marketing Research 57, no. 4 (2020): 640–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022243720921812.
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Free shipping promotions have become popular among online retailers. However, little is known about their influence on consumers’ purchases, return behavior, and, ultimately, firm profit. The authors propose that free shipping promotions encourage customers to make riskier purchases, leading to more product returns. They estimate the impact of these promotions on purchase incidence, high-risk and low-risk spend, and return share. The results show that free shipping promotions increase expenditure for high-risk products, expanding their share of the consumer’s market basket and thus increasing the overall return rate. This is validated in a field experiment. A field test and an online lab experiment analyze the mechanism linking free shipping and returns. The results suggest that the free shipping effect occurs through consumers’ perceptions that free shipping serves as a risk premium compensating them for potential returns and through positive affect generated by the promotion. A simulation shows that for the focal firm, free shipping promotions increase net sales volume, but higher product returns and lost shipping revenue render these promotions unprofitable.
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Jansen, Benjamin. "Conditional violation of weak-form market efficiency." Managerial Finance 46, no. 7 (2020): 935–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-06-2019-0306.
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PurposeMany prior tests of market efficiency, which occurred decades ago, were limited by data and did not employ methodology to correct for leptokurtosis in the stock return distribution. Furthermore, these studies did not test many aspects of conditional market efficiency. One aspect of a potential conditional violation of market efficiency is whether stock markets are efficient conditional on the level of stock return.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses quantile regressions to control for leptokurtosis in the stock return distribution and simultaneous quantile regressions to test whether markets are efficient conditional on the level of the market return. This paper uses market-level stock return data to bias against finding significant results in the efficiency tests. Furthermore, the author uses data from 1926 through 2018, providing the longest time period to date under which market efficiency is tested.FindingsThis paper presents evidence that the autoregressive coefficient decreases across return levels in stock market indices. The autoregressive coefficient is positive around highly negative returns and negative or insignificant around highly positive returns, which suggests that when stock returns are low they are more likely to continue lower, and when stock returns are high they are more likely to reverse. Results additionally suggest that market efficiency is not time-invariant and that stock markets have become more efficient over the sample period.Originality/valueThis paper extends the literature by finding evidence of a violation of weak-form market efficiency conditional on the level of stock returns. It further extends the literature by finding evidence that the stock market has become more efficient between 1926 and 2018.
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Ahmar, Ansari Saleh, Yudhistira Ananda Alsa, Muh Qodri Alfairus, Abdul Rahman, and Uladzimir Parkhimenka. "Assessing Investment Risk in the Post-Pandemic Entertainment Industry: A Statistical Analysis of Portfolio Returns and Risk Measures." Quantitative Economics and Management Studies 6, no. 1 (2025): 9–19. https://doi.org/10.35877/454ri.qems3862.
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This study examines the risk-return profiles of Warner Bros and Walt Disney stocks and analyzes their portfolio optimization potential in the post-pandemic entertainment industry landscape. Using daily stock data obtained from Yahoo Finance, we employ both traditional statistical analysis and Monte Carlo simulation techniques to derive robust estimates of expected returns and risk parameters. Our Value at Risk (VaR) analysis at multiple confidence levels (99%, 95%, and 90%) reveals distinct risk characteristics between the two stocks, with Walt Disney demonstrating more favorable downside protection despite similar historical return patterns. Monte Carlo simulations indicate significantly higher potential returns than suggested by historical data alone, with expected daily returns of 0.803% for Warner Bros and 0.789% for Walt Disney. Portfolio analysis with varying asset allocations demonstrates meaningful diversification benefits despite the substantial correlation (0.657) between the stocks. The optimal portfolio allocation favors a higher weight to Walt Disney (80%) compared to Warner Bros (20%), achieving the highest Sharpe ratio (0.247) and the lowest VaR at 99% confidence (-6.68%). These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive risk assessment tools in portfolio construction, particularly for industries undergoing structural transformation. The study contributes to sector-specific portfolio analysis literature by providing detailed insights into risk-return dynamics of major entertainment stocks in the evolving digital media landscape. For investors seeking entertainment sector exposure, our analysis suggests that a portfolio tilted toward Walt Disney offers the most efficient risk-return profile under current market conditions, though ongoing monitoring remains essential as business models continue to evolve.
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Kadriu, Lumnije. "4 Return migration, entrepreneurship and development in rural Kosova." Kosova Anthropologica 2, no. 1 (2024): 65–86. https://doi.org/10.62303/6vwx2g05.
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Return migration has become very prominent a pattern in the migration trajectories of peoples’ mobility and thus increasingly researched, revealing a myriad of nuances and experiences. Mostly, the motive for emigration is based on the desire and goal to achieve a success which will prove fruitful upon return. However, the return is faced with different challenges which were/are being under the scrutiny of return migration theoretical explanations. Although Kosova is primarily known as a country of emigration due to its turbulent political history and ongoing economic challenges there are evidenced cases of voluntary return migration. In this paper I will bring experiences of several low-skilled returned emigrants in their villages of origin who established businesses upon return that resulted with certain degree of development and upward social status mobility at personal and communal level. The return of low-skilled workers in rural areas may be among the most challenging returns if considered limited opportunities these areas usually provide. However, new dynamics, especially in tourism potential, are emerging in rural areas. The cases in this paper are quite unique and serve as an illustration of different individual agencies of migrants used as strategy of return.
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Huang, Wenwei. "Analyzing the Impacts on East Asia of Trump’s Potential Return." Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 7, no. 4 (2024): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/pbes.v7i4.6658.
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The 2024 election is a pivotal and highly contested event in the United States. Donald Trump is expected to compete against Joe Biden without any doubts. A potential return of Trump to the White House would likely cause significant reactions in East Asia, particularly among the three major countries in the region. This analysis will explore the detailed implications of Trump’s return.
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Hamad, Samer. "The Effect of Average Collection Period, The Inventory Turnover Period, and The Average Inventory Period on Return on Assets." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 20, no. 31 (2024): 61. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n31p61.
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The importance of the Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) emerges in helping to make appropriate financing decisions for different industries. Therefore, the research focuses on the return on assets (ROA) issues and how it is affected by the three components of the cash conversion cycle; Average Collection Period (ACP), Average Inventory Turnover Period (ITP), and Average Payment Period (APP). Since the topic refers to the potential statistical relationship between the three components and the return on assets, the research has been organized to find the validity of the answer to the research questions and hypothesis on how components affect the return on assets. Statistical analysis reveals a positive relationship between APP and ROA, showing that longer payment periods allow companies to retain cash, thereby increasing asset profitability. Conversely, negative correlations between ACP, ITP, and ROA suggest that shorter collection and turnover periods contribute to higher asset returns by minimizing cash tied up in receivables and inventory and reducing holding costs. The research’s findings underline the importance of strategic CCC management, encouraging managers to extend APP when possible while reducing ACP and ITP, to enhance liquidity, maximize asset performance, and prevent financial distress.
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Lin, Danping, Carman Ka Man Lee, M. K. Siu, Henry Lau, and King Lun Choy. "Analysis of customers' return behaviour after online shopping in China using SEM." Industrial Management & Data Systems 120, no. 5 (2020): 883–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-05-2019-0296.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the potential impacts of various variables on product return activities after online shopping. Previous studies on customer behaviour have been predominantly concerned with return on used products and other product-quality-related constructs in the model. This study aims to specially examine the logistics service-related and customer intention–related variables for general products under the e-commerce circumstance.Design/methodology/approachStructured questionnaire data for this study were collected in the two southeast cities of China (162 useable responses). Structural equation modelling was used to examine the latent variables.FindingsThe results confirmed that product return intention has the greatest impact on online shopping returns with a direct effect of 0.63, followed by the flexibility in return (logistics service) with a direct effect of 0.49.Originality/valueSuch a model not only enriches the theoretical understanding of customer behaviour studies but also offers online shopping stores and platforms a quantitative benchmark and new perspective on the design of online shopping supply chains by considering product returns so as to improve the customer satisfaction.
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Lin, Ze-Wei, Wen-Hao Liu, Shi-Hao Lin, Qiang Chen, and Hua Cao. "Unplanned Return to Cardiac Intensive Care Unit of Children After Congenital Heart Surgery: Incidence, Outcomes, and Risk Factors." Heart Surgery Forum 25, no. 5 (2022): E778—E783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1532/hsf.4905.
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Objective: Factors leading to an unplanned return to the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) in children after congenital heart disease and their impact on mortality have not been well characterized. We sought to determine the incidence and outcomes of unplanned return to the CICU. A secondary objective was to identify risk factors. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the registration data collected by our unit. The study subjects included postoperative patients with congenital heart disease who survived to initial transfer out of the CICU. Patients who unexpectedly returned to the CICU due to an acute change in clinical status were defined as unplanned returns. Demographic, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were assessed. Univariate comparisons were performed between the return group and non-return group, and multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify potential risk factors for unplanned return to the CICU. Results: Of the 531 children who met the inclusion criteria, 29 were unplanned returns to the CICU. Respiratory symptoms (41.4%) and cardiac symptoms (44.8%) were the most common reasons for returning to the CICU. Patients with unplanned returns had a higher mortality rate (13.8% vs. 0.56%, P < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, unplanned CICU admission was associated with chromosomal abnormalities (P < 0.01), longer ventilator duration (P < 0.01), and more prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (P < 0.01) was associated with a return to independence. Conclusions: Unplanned return to the CICU during the same hospital stay was uncommon but associated with higher mortality. Chromosomal abnormalities, longer ventilator use duration, and prolonged CPB were significant risk factors for the entire cohort. We hope to minimize the impact of unplanned return after congenital heart disease surgery by changing the process of transferring these high-risk postoperative patients out of the CICU and early postoperative care.
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Kim, Jaeho, and Sangmin Park. "The Structural Shifts in Bitcoin’s Role as a Predictor of the KOSPI Index." APEC Studies Association of Korea 15, no. 2 (2023): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.52595/jas.15.2.87.
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This paper explores the efficiency of the KOSPI market by examining its predictability, with a focus on the influence of Bitcoin returns during non-trading hours. Utilizing predictive models incorporating many financial assets, we find a significant predictive value in the Bitcoin return for the KOSPI return. We also identify a gradual structural break in the KOSPI-Bitcoin relationship, a shift from traditional market efficiency paradigms. This gradual transition, influenced by recent economic and regulatory changes, underscores potential arbitrage opportunities.