Relevant bibliographies by topics / Return temperature

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Return temperature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Return temperature"

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Zahid, Maida, Richard Blender, Valerio Lucarini, and Maria Caterina Bramati. "Return levels of temperature extremes in southern Pakistan." Earth System Dynamics 8, no. 4 (2017): 1263–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-8-1263-2017.

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Abstract. Southern Pakistan (Sindh) is one of the hottest regions in the world and is highly vulnerable to temperature extremes. In order to improve rural and urban planning, it is useful to gather information about the recurrence of temperature extremes. In this work, return levels of the daily maximum temperature Tmax are estimated, as well as the daily maximum wet-bulb temperature TWmax extremes. We adopt the peaks over threshold (POT) method, which has not yet been used for similar studies in this region. Two main datasets are analyzed: temperatures observed at nine meteorological stations
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Kozlovskis, A., and J. Rozenkrons. "Temperature dependence of return voltage characteristics." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 14, no. 3 (1999): 705–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/61.772303.

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Rosén, Tommy, and Louise Ödlund. "Active Management of Heat Customers Towards Lower District Heating Return Water Temperature." Energies 12, no. 10 (2019): 1863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101863.

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The traditional way of managing the supply and return water temperatures in a district heating system (DHS) is by controlling the supply water temperature. The return water temperature then becomes a passive result that reflects the overall energy efficiency of the DHS. A DHS with many poorly functioning district heating centrals will create a high return water temperature, and the energy efficiency of the DHS will be affected negatively in several ways (e.g., lower efficiency of the flue gas condenser, higher heat losses in pipes, and lower electricity production for a DHS with combined heat
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Benakopoulos, Theofanis, William Vergo, Michele Tunzi, Robbe Salenbien, and Svend Svendsen. "Overview of Solutions for the Low-Temperature Operation of Domestic Hot-Water Systems with a Circulation Loop." Energies 14, no. 11 (2021): 3350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113350.

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The operation of typical domestic hot water (DHW) systems with a storage tank and circulation loop, according to the regulations for hygiene and comfort, results in a significant heat demand at high operating temperatures that leads to high return temperatures to the district heating system. This article presents the potential for the low-temperature operation of new DHW solutions based on energy balance calculations and some tests in real buildings. The main results are three recommended solutions depending on combinations of the following three criteria: district heating supply temperature,
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Langendries, R. "Low return temperature (LRT) in district heating." Energy and Buildings 12, no. 3 (1988): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7788(88)90064-3.

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He, Jingbin, and Xinru Ma. "Extreme Temperatures and Firm-Level Stock Returns." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (2021): 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042004.

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By linking stock returns with weather conditions from 2007 to 2019 in China, we study how firm-level stock returns react to extreme temperatures. Based on a multivariate ordinary least squares regression model with fixed effects, empirical results show that firm-level stock returns decrease with exposure to extreme temperatures. We further explore the heterogeneity in the temperature-return relation to enrich our understanding of the economic mechanism behind it. The impact of extreme temperatures on abnormal stock returns is more pronounced in smaller, younger, more volatile, less profitable
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Feng, Fao, Xun Li, De Ping Ding, and Zhuang Xie. "Effect of Building Materials on Numerical Simulation of the District Heating within the Typical Building in Beijing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 246-247 (December 2012): 360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.246-247.360.

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In order to reduce energy consumption and analyze energy-saving potential of building materials, the principle of the energy equilibrium is applied to establish the relationship between outdoor temperature, supply and return water temperature of heating system. A numerical simulation model of supply and return water temperature is deduced. Based on the predicted air temperatures and observed indoor temperature from Haiyuan community,a simulation experiment is executed. The experiments show that the root mean square error between simulated indoor temperature and required temperature (20°C) is 0
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Karim, Bakri Abdul, Muhammad Hafiz Mohd Shukri, and Sharon Tay Chyu Yuin. "Weather, Mood and Stock Market Returns in Argentina." Accounting and Finance Research 7, no. 4 (2018): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/afr.v7n4p159.

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The paper examines the relationship between weather and stock market returns in the Argentina’s stock market using daily data from 2001 to 2014 and regression models. The data consists of stock market returns, temperature, humidity and wind. The empirical findings show that all weather variables (temperature, humidity and wind) have significant relationship with stock market returns in some of the trading days in the week. We also find evidence of the existence of day-of-week effect in the stock market. On average, the highest return falls on Friday and lowest return falls on Monday. Temperatu
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Koshak, William J., Richard J. Solakiewicz, and Harold S. Peterson. "A Return Stroke NOx Production Model." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 72, no. 2 (2015): 943–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-14-0121.1.

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Abstract A model is introduced for estimating the nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) production from a lightning return stroke channel. A realistic modified transmission line model return stroke current is assumed to propagate vertically upward along a stepped leader channel of 0.1-cm radius. With additional assumptions about the initial radial expansion rate of the channel, the full nonlinear differential equation for the return stroke channel radius r(z, t) is solved numerically using Mathematica V9.0.1.0. Channel conductivity and channel air density are adjustable constants, and the model emp
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Yang, E., V. Tran, T. Barry, A. McEwan, and P. Qian. "Monitoring Tissue Temperature Using Antenna Return Loss Spectrum." Heart, Lung and Circulation 30 (2021): S257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.360.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Return temperature"

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Sallent, Roger. "Return temperature influence of a district heating network on the CHP plant production costs." Thesis, University of Gävle, University of Gävle, Department of Technology and Built Environment, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-4989.

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<p><strong></strong>The aim of this Project is to study the influence of high return temperatures in district heating on the costs for heat and power production in a CHP plant.When the temperatures of the water coming back to the heating plant are so high, the overall performance of heat and power production is decreased and, consequently, also the production costs. Along the project, the influence of this temperature on the different parts of a CHP plant are analysed as well as the economical impact it has. At the same time, some general impacts on the entire network are mentioned.</p><p> </p
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Ahuja, Nandita. "Impact of operating conditions on thermal hydrolysis pre-treated digestion return liquor." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56647.

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Return liquor from thermal hydrolysis process (THP) can significantly add to the nitrogen load of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and introduce UV quenching substances to the wastewater stream when recycled. While there are mature technologies in place to handle the inorganic nitrogen produced due to the thermal pretreatment, organic nitrogen remains a parameter of concern for utilities employing THP pretreatment. The impact of operating conditions of the THP on dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and UV absorbance in return liquor was investigated. Operating conditions studied were (1) opera
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Alkhuder, Juma, and Sandra Johansson. "Prestandaanalys vid rengöring av värmeväxlare i fjärrvärmecentral för småhus : Fallstudie på rengöring av en värmeväxlare för småhus." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-34465.

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Försmutsning av plattvärmeväxlare i fjärrvärmecentraler minskar avkylningen av det cirkulerande vattnet i fjärrvärmenätet. Detta ökar behovet av värmeproduktion i fjärrvärmeverket vilket medför ökade utsläpp av växthusgaser. Mängden försmutsning beror på vattnets kvalitet och material i systemet. I denna studie undersöks prestandaförändring av värmeväxlare i fjärrvärmecentraler för småhus före och efter rengöring samt för en ny värmeväxlare. Prestandan mäts i laboratorium genom att mäta temperaturer på in- och utlopp på värmeväxlaren vid bestämda flöden. Utvärderingen inkluderar prestandaförän
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Almshekhs, Rasha. "Data Modeling to Predict the Performance of Emerson Walk-in Freezer." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1512143011742024.

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Wirths, Andreas. "Zur Bewertung der Energieeffizienz von Fernwärmesystemen unter Berücksichtigung des Fernwärmetemperaturniveaus." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-147981.

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Bei der Auslegung und Überprüfung der Betriebsweise von Fernwärmesystemen (FWS) ist eine Analyse der gesamten Prozesskette eines FWS – Erzeugung, Verteilung und Übergabe – notwendig, um eine bestmögliche Gestaltung derselben zu erreichen. Einen Ansatz zur Optimierung der Betriebsweise bietet die Modifikation des Fernwärmetemperaturniveaus, dem in der Fernwärmebranche bezüglich der Wirtschaftlichkeit des Gesamtsystems eine große Bedeutung beigemessen wird. Allgemeingültige Aussagen zur Höhe dieses Einflusses lassen sich aufgrund der unterschiedlich gestalteten FWS, insbesondere für Teillastbeding
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Hwit, Emil. "Rekommenderad framledningstemperatur i fjärrvärmenät baserat på rökgaskondensering : En beräkningsundersökning av rökgaskondensering och fjärrvärme i en medelstor svensk stad." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem och byggnadsteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30227.

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Fjärrvärme är den vanligaste uppvärmningsformen i Sverige och mer än hälften av alla lokaler och bostäder får sin uppvärmning från gemensamma fjärrvärmeanläggningar. Rökgaskondensering producerar 11 % av all fjärrvärme vilket gör den till den tredje största fjärrvärmeproducenten i Sverige. Det är därför är det viktig att den är så effektiv som möjligt. För att öka effektiviteten i förbränningsanläggningar i fjärrvärmesystem kan rökgaskondensering installeras i sammanband med de flesta bränslen som avger fuktig ånga. Rökgaskondenseringen har en viktig roll i samhället då den tar vara på energi
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Southon, Michael Carl. "Performance and cost evaluation to inform the design and implementation of Organic Rankine Cycles in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10728.

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The aim of this thesis is to evaluate ORC systems and technologies from an energy and economic perspective. ORC systems are a growing renewable electricity generation technology, but New Zealand has limited local skills and expertise for identifying ORC resource opportunities and subsequently developing suitable technologies at low cost. For this reason, this thesis researches ORC technology, resource types, and international development, with the aim to determine guidelines for how to cost-effectively develop ORC systems, and to make recommendations applicable to furthering their development
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Morello, Gerry F. "Temperature and heat transfer studies in a water immersion retort." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28556.

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Temperature and heat transfer studies in a pilot-scale water immersion retort were performed. The temperature study investigated the temperature distribution and stability of the retort during the cook period. The investigation of heat transfer uniformity within the retort was based on heating and cooling parameters calculated from the heat penetration curves of food-simulating teflon transducers. The uniformity of sterilizing conditions within the retort was determined from process lethalities calculated for the transducers. Variable retort operating conditions consisted of two retort tempera
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Rebeyka, Claudimir José. "Influência da temperatura de embutimento no retorno elástico em aços de alta resistência." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/49326.

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Orientador : Paulo Victor Prestes Marcondes<br>Coorientador : Sérgio Fernando Lajarin<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica. Defesa: Curitiba, 15/02/2017<br>Inclui referências : f. 111-118<br>Resumo: A substituição dos aços convencionais por aços de alta resistência é uma aposta da indústria automotiva para fabricação de peças embutidas. Isto possibilita o uso de chapas mais finas com a manutenção das propriedades mecânicas e pode ser associada à redução do peso de componentes e redução de custos. Porém, o us
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Fisco, Stefano. "Modelling of decentral DHW preparation in large multi-family buildings." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18295/.

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The works contributes to the need to design more efficient heating and domestic hot water preparation systems. Dynamic building and simulation plays an important role in the development of domestic hot water (DHW) preparation systems for residential buildings, in order to evaluate and optimize the final energy and the DHW comfort. The case study of this work is a big multi-family building composed of 96 flats. District heating (DH) is used to heat up the water in the storage tank located in the technical room. A distribution system connects the storage to all the fresh water stations (FWS) loc
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Books on the topic "Return temperature"

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Bansal, Ravi. Temperature, aggregate risk, and expected returns. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2011.

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Nolan, Jerry P., and Michael J. A. Parr. Management after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0066.

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Systemic ischaemia during cardiac arrest and the reperfusion response after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) cause the post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). The severity and duration of this syndrome is determined by the cause and duration of cardiac arrest, quality of resuscitation, and interventions after ROSC. Four key clinical components are recognized—post-cardiac arrest brain injury, myocardial dysfunction, other organ ischaemia/reperfusion (e.g. liver, kidney), and potential persistence of the precipitating pathology causing the cardiac arrest. The interventions applied after ROS
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Clarke, Andrew. Temperature regulation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199551668.003.0009.

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For many organisms there is a fitness advantage to being warm. Many organisms use behavioural thermoregulation to maintain a high body temperature during the day, basking in the sun to warm up and retreating to the shade to avoid overheating. This option is not open to most aquatic organisms, or those living in soil or sediment. It is also generally not possible for small or nocturnal organisms. A small number of active predatory fish utilise a counter-current heat exchanger (rete mirabile) to retain metabolic heat and warm their muscles, brain or eyes. A few have modified optical muscles as h
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Nadkarni, Vinay, Robert M. Sutton, and Robert A. Berg. Resuscitation and Stabilization. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199918027.003.0001.

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The authors provide essential information on providing care during the four phases of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): (1) prearrest, (2) no flow (untreated cardiac arrest), (3) low flow (CPR), and (4) postresuscitation. They discuss the most common precipitating events for out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiac arrests in children and the how to deliver high-quality CPR. Medications used to treat cardiac arrest are presented (specifically vasopressors, including epinephrine; antiarrhythmics, including lidocaine, amiodarone, and magnesium sulfate; calcium; and sodium bi
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Field, John. Therapeutic strategies in managing cardiac arrest. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0064.

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Emergency and critical care specialists are important interdisciplinary physicians who often impact on the long-term survival of patients sustaining cardiac arrest, as well as immediate outcomes. These specialists are often at the crossroads of survival for patients achieving return of spontaneous circulation, and it is important to appreciate that out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiac arrest patients represent different pathophysiological subgroups with respect to aetiology and pathophysiology. Important time-dependent triage and therapy are crucial, and efforts to identify and treat pathop
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Champollion, Lucas. Measure functions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755128.003.0007.

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This chapter explains the linguistic relevance of the difference between extensive measure functions like volume and intensive measure functions like temperature, as illustrated by the pseudopartitives thirty liters of water vs. thirty degrees Celsius of water (Krifka 1998, Schwarzschild 2006). Subsuming these previous accounts, stratified reference correctly predicts the monotonicity constraint: such constructions disallow measure functions that generally return the same value on an entity and on its parts. For example, in order for *thirty degrees Celsius of water to be acceptable, it would
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Darrigol, Olivier. Consolidation (1887–1895). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816171.003.0007.

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This chapter covers a period in which Boltzmann returned to the collision-based approach and consolidated it in answer to criticism and suggestions by William Thomson, Hendrik Lorentz, George Bryan, Gustav Kirchhoff, and Max Planck. He corrected errors in alleged counterexamples of equipartition by William Burnside and William Thomson; and in 1887, when the Dutch theorist Hendrik Lorentz detected an error in his earlier derivation of the H theorem for polyatomic gases, he devised a highly ingenious alternative. In 1894, he offered a new, simplified derivation of the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribut
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Moran, John. Rearing Young Stock on Tropical Dairy Farms in Asia. CSIRO Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643107915.

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Rearing young stock for replacement heifers is probably one of the least well understood and practised aspects of herd and feeding management on dairy farms throughout the world, particularly on small holder dairy farms in the tropics. This book addresses all the major concerns of the small holder dairy farmer in Asia. It shows how to attain optimal growth in young stock, so that as cows, they can calve at an appropriate early age at the lowest cost and promptly substitute for any cows culled from the milking herd. This provides continuing returns on the investments of feed, labour and other f
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Book chapters on the topic "Return temperature"

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Biró, Tamás Sándor. "The Temperature of no Return." In Is There a Temperature? Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8041-0_7.

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Wang, Haiyan, Yanling Wang, Fang Wang, Xin Xu, and Shuai Gao. "Optimization Method of Reducing Return Water Temperature of Primary Heating Circuit." In Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9524-6_17.

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Faliński, J. B. "Spontaneous return of forest onto once cleared areas — Secondary succession." In Vegetation Dynamics in Temperate Lowland Primeval Forests. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4806-8_9.

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Whiteman, C. David. "Diurnal Mountain Winds." In Mountain Meteorology. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195132717.003.0019.

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Diurnal mountain winds develop over complex topography of all scales, from small hills to large mountain massifs and are characterized by a reversal of wind direction twice per day. As a rule, winds flow upslope, up-valley, and from the plain to the mountain massif during daytime. During nighttime, they flow downslope, down-valley, and from the mountain massif to the plain. Diurnal mountain winds are strongest when skies are clear and winds aloft are weak. Diurnal mountain winds are produced by horizontal temperature differences that develop daily in complex terrain. The resulting horizontal pressure differences cause winds near the surface of the earth to blow from areas with lower temperatures and higher pressures toward areas with higher temperatures and lower pressures. The circulations are closed by return, or compensatory, flows higher in the atmosphere. Four wind systems comprise the mountain wind system, which carries air into a mountain massif at low levels during daytime and out of a mountain massif during nighttime. The slope wind system (upslope winds and downslope winds) is driven by horizontal temperature contrasts between the air over the valley sidewalls and the air over the center of the valley. The along-valley wind system (up-valley winds and down-valley winds) is driven by horizontal temperature contrasts along a valley’s axis or between the air in a valley and the air over the adjacent plain. The cross-valley wind system results from horizontal temperature differences between the air over one valley sidewall and the air over the opposing sidewall, producing winds that blow perpendicular to the valley axis and toward the more strongly heated sidewall. The mountain-plain wind system results from horizontal temperature differences between the air over a mountain massif and the air over the surrounding plains, producing large-scale winds that blow up or down the outer slopes of a mountain massif. The mountain-plain circulation and its upper level return flow are not confined by the topography but are carried over deep layers of the atmosphere above the mountain slopes. Because diurnal mountain winds are driven by horizontal temperature differences, the regular evolution of the winds in a given valley is closely tied to the thermal structure of the atmospheric boundary layer within the valley, which is characterized by a diurnal cycle of buildup and breakdown of a temperature inversion.
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Hoyt, Douglas V., and Kenneth H. Shatten. "Alternative Climate-Change Theories." In The Role of the Sun in Climate Change. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195094138.003.0016.

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So far, we have primarily considered only the sun’s role in natural climatic change. This focus does not imply that the sun is the only cause of climatic changes, nor even the most important one. In the last chapter, we stated that solar and climatic changes have paralleled each other for the last four centuries and, therefore, on time scales of decades to centuries, solar variations might be a dominant driving force for natural variability. Many climatologists adamently disagree with this conclusion and suggest that other factors, both in the past and for the future, are far more important. In the future, mankind’s influences may increase and likely will dominate coming climate changes. One hypothesis suggests that the climate system varies randomly, first warming for a few decades and then cooling. Scientists who support this hypothesis believe that external influences need not necessarily cause internal changes. They view the Earth as a thermostat with a very wide interval (or band) of possible temperatures. In other words, the Earth’s mean temperature is not constrained to one precise equilibrium temperature. Several natural experiments contradict this belief. For example, following a volcanic eruption the Earth cools for a few months to a few years; then the temperature returns to its preemption values. This rapid return implies a narrow stable temperature band, with the climate system striving to return quickly to its equilibrium. As the time constant for the climate system is relatively short, it responds quickly to variable forcings. Similar arguments can be made using solar variations. For this reason, we discount the idea that unpredictable chaotic influences completely govern the climatic system. We will now review three additional forcing functions for climate, specifically volcanic aerosols, anthropogenic aerosols, and greenhouse gas warming. Modern climatologists consider these three forcings the most popular for explaining observed climatic changes. Yet just as the sun/climate connections can be harshly criticized, so can these three ideas, and we will treat these theories with skepticism. We will strive to adopt this same skeptical attitude for solar forcing of climate again in chapter 13.
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"Advances in Fish Tagging and Marking Technology." In Advances in Fish Tagging and Marking Technology, edited by Sean A. Hayes, Morgan H. Bond, Brian K. Wells, et al. American Fisheries Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874271.ch32.

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&lt;i&gt;Abstract&lt;/i&gt;.—We deployed archival temperature loggers on juvenile and adult coho salmon &lt;i&gt;Oncorhynchus kisutch &lt;/i&gt;and steelhead (anadromous rainbow trout) &lt;i&gt;O. mykiss &lt;/i&gt;over both the freshwater and marine portions of their lifecycle in order to study their movements and thermal preferences. Beginning in 2003, loggers were deployed on juvenile coho salmon and juvenile and adult steelhead in a small central California coastal stream. A tag recovery from a coho salmon indicates the fish experienced variable temperatures on a daily to weekly basis in the marine environment (mean 13.3°C, range 10–18°C). Tags recovered from steelhead indicate use of a cooler, more stable, thermal habitat window in the marine environment (mean 11.0°C, range 8–14°C), often with little fluctuation over a period of weeks to months, and most thermal changes occurring at the seasonal time scale. Comparisons of steelhead data with sea surface temperature data suggest a northern migration out of the California Current to a narrow band of habitat that fluctuates between the southern boundary of the Bering Sea and north of the 40th parallel. In the shallow freshwater environment, steelhead appeared to be at the mercy of stream temperatures. However, in the estuary, where thermally variable habitats were available, steelhead used a surprisingly broad temperature range, including entering water thought to challenge their thermal tolerances (&gt;20°C) even when cooler waters were available. Temperature loggers recovered on a local beach and island indicate tagged fish were consumed in the estuary by warm-blooded predators. All of these data coupled with a larger number of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags, are helping to identify discrete habitats fish are using, exact dates of ocean entry and return, and enhance our understanding of marine survival and predation. Finally, archival tags may be useful in understanding habitat use of pelagic long-migrating species like steelhead, by tracking individuals in areas where other tagging technologies are poorly suited.
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"Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment." In Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment, edited by Stephen D. McCormick, Darren T. Lerner, Michelle Y. Monette, Katherine Nieves-Puigdoller, John T. Kelly, and Björn Thrandur Björnsson. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874080.ch13.

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&lt;em&gt;Abstract&lt;/em&gt;.-Most anadromous fish undergo physiological and behavioral changes that are preparatory and adaptive for seawater entry. In anadromous salmonids, these preparatory changes are collectively known as smolting. Smolt development is regulated by environmental factors such as photoperiod and temperature and mediated by the neuroendocrine system. In this paper, we review evidence that a variety of anthropogenic factors can influence smolt development and affect marine survival. Hatchery rearing can affect the size of smolts and the extent and timing of smolt development. Smolt development is reversible, and the period of peak physiological preparedness in salmon smolts is limited by time and temperature. By influencing temperature and the duration of the migratory period, climate change and dams will have negative effects on smolt survival beyond direct lethal impacts. Contaminants acting on developmental physiology or underlying endocrine control mechanisms can also reduce marine survival. Exposure to estrogenic compounds prior to or during smolt development can reduce seawater tolerance and preference. Acid and aluminum exposure can reverse the development of seawater tolerance and reduce adult return rates. We conclude that environmental conditions in freshwater can affect physiological development, estuarine and ocean behavior, early seawater survival, and long-term seawater growth and homing, thus having influences on adult returns and long-term population sustainability of anadromous fishes.
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Yarie, John, and Leslie A. Viereck. "The Conceptual Basis of LTER Studies in the Alaskan Boreal Forest." In Alaska's Changing Boreal Forest. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195154313.003.0005.

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The boreal forest occupies 10% of the ice-free terrestrial surface and is the second most extensive terrestrial biome on Earth, after tropical forests (Saugier et al. 2001). It is a land of extremes: low temperature and precipitation, low diversity of dominant plant species, dramatic population fluctuations of important insects and mammals, and a generally sparse human population. The boreal forest is also a land poised for change. During the last third of the twentieth century, many areas of the boreal forest, such as western North America and northern Eurasia, warmed more rapidly than any other region on Earth (Serreze et al. 2000). This pattern of warming is consistent with projections of general circulation models. These models project that human-induced increases in greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, will cause the global climate to warm and that the warming will occur most rapidly at high latitudes (Ramaswamy et al. 2001). If we accept the projections of these models, the climate of many parts of the boreal forest will likely continue to warm even more rapidly than it has in the past. The ecological characteristics of the boreal forest render it vulnerable to warming and other global changes. Because the boreal forest is the coldest forested biome on Earth, organisms are adapted to low temperatures, and many of its physical and biological processes are molded by low temperature. Permafrost (permanently frozen ground) is widespread and governs the soil temperature and moisture regime of a large proportion of the boreal forest. Yet permafrost temperatures are close to the freezing point throughout much of interior Alaska (Osterkamp and Romanovsky 1999), so only a slight warming of soils could greatly reduce the extent of permafrost. Low temperature and anaerobic soil conditions associated with permafrost-impeded drainage constrain decomposition rate, leading to thick layers of soil organic matter. Consequently, boreal soils account for about a third of the readily decomposable soil organic matter on Earth (McGuire et al. 1995). This represents a quantity of carbon similar to that in the atmosphere. Fire is another process that could rapidly return this undecomposed carbon from the organic layers of the soil to the atmosphere.
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Maslin, Mark. "5. Climate change impacts." In Climate Change: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198719045.003.0005.

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What is dangerous climate change? What is our coping range? ‘Climate change impacts’ assesses the potential effects of climate change on the natural environment as well as on human societies and our economies. Climate change impacts will increase significantly as global temperature rises. Climate change will affect the return period and severity of floods, droughts, heat waves, and storms. Coastal cities and towns will be especially vulnerable as sea-level rise will worsen the effects of floods and storm surges. Water and food security and public health will become the most important problems facing all countries. Climate change also threatens global biodiversity and the well being of billions of people.
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Swendsen, Robert H. "The Consequences of Extensivity." In An Introduction to Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853237.003.0013.

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While not all thermodynamic systems are extensive, those that are homogeneous satisfy the useful postulate of extensivity. In this chapter we return to the thermodynamic postulates and consider the consequences of extensivity. The Euler equation can be derived from extensivity, and the Gibbs–Duhem equation can be derived from the Euler equation. The Gibbs–Duhem equation shows that changes in the chemical potential are not arbitrary, but are determined by changes in the temperature and pressure for. That in turn simplifies the reconstruction of the fundamental equation from the equations of state. The Euler equation also allows the various thermodynamic potentials to be rewritten in terms of other functions.
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Conference papers on the topic "Return temperature"

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LEE, SEI-HYUN, YOON-HYOUNG KIM, JIN-HYE JOENG, SANG-GIL HAN, DOO-GIE PARK, and SANG-OK HAN. "TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF RETURN VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS." In Proceedings of the International Conference on ANDE 2007. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812790194_0008.

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Rogers, Paul, Jeffrey Perez, Jentung Ku, Mark Kobel, Jay Ochterbeck, and David Nelson. "Loop Heat Pipe Operating Temperature Dependence on Liquid Line Return Temperature." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. SAE International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-2506.

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Wang, Gang, Bin Zheng, and Mingsheng Liu. "Impacts on Building Return Water Temperature in District Cooling Systems." In ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2006-99148.

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A high temperature differential between supply and return water is most cost effective in district cooling systems. The chilled water supply temperature relies on central plant operation while the chilled water return temperature mainly depends on cooling coil performance of air handling units (AHU) at consumers. Many factors affect the AHU cooling coil performance at the consumers, such as cooling coil size, chilled water supply temperature, AHU supply air temperature, space cooling load, outside airflow and conditions, cooling coil fouling condition and cooling coil control valves types. The
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Greiss, H., D. Mukhedkar, and P. J. Lagace. "Computations of soil temperature rise due to HVDC ground return." In the 1989 ACM/IEEE conference. ACM Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/76263.76273.

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Devrukhakar, Mayur, Mangesh Dayaphule, Varsha Chaware, Vijaya Giramkar, Shany Joseph, and Girish Phatak. "Non-return microvalve using low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC)." In 2015 2nd International Symposium on Physics and Technology of Sensors (ISPTS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispts.2015.7220131.

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Wei, Guanghua, W. Dan Turner, David E. Claridge, and Mingsheng Liu. "Single-Duct Constant Air Volume System Supply Air Temperature Reset: Using Return Air Temperature or Outside Air Temperature?" In Architectural Engineering Conference (AEI) 2003. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40699(2003)23.

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Li, Guo, Jianzhong Zhao, and Hao Liu. "The Joint Control of the Spacecraft Return Capsule's Temperature and Humidity." In 2015 4th National Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/nceece-15.2016.138.

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Asili, M., E. Colebeck, R. Green, and E. Topsakal. "The effect of temperature on antenna return loss for microwave ablation antennas." In 2013 US National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/usnc-ursi-nrsm.2013.6525129.

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Chen, Yen-Shu, Ansheng Lin, and Yng-Ruey Yuann. "Effects of the RHR Return Line Elevation to the Suppression Pool Temperature of the Lungmen ABWR Containment." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16540.

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Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant in Taiwan is a twin-unit Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR) plant. In this study, a long-term GOTHIC model for the Lungmen ABWR primary containment response analysis is established. The wetwell space is vertically divided into several volumes to catch the pool temperature stratification effect. The long-term containment responses for a double-ended feedwater line break (FWLB) accident are calculated. The fuel decay heat is absorbed by the reactor coolant, and the coolant flows to the containment via the broken line. The suppression pool is gradually heated up by
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CARLSON, LELAND, and THOMAS GALLY. "The effect of electron temperature and impact ionization on Martian return AOTV flowfields." In 24th Thermophysics Conference. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1989-1729.

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Reports on the topic "Return temperature"

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Duan, Jingwei, Jie Yu, Qiangrong Zhai, and Qingbian Ma. Survival and Neurologic Outcome of Different Time of Collapse to return of Spontaneous Circulation in Cardiac Arrest with Targeted Temperature Management: a Bayesian Network Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.8.0027.

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Bansal, Ravi, and Marcelo Ochoa. Temperature, Aggregate Risk, and Expected Returns. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17575.

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Heater drains and condensate returns subsystem design description: 4 x 350 MW(t) Modular HTGR [High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor] Plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/714013.

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