Journal articles: 'Return to skills'

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Araki, Satoshi. "Educational Expansion, Skills Diffusion, and the Economic Value of Credentials and Skills." American Sociological Review 85, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 128–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122419897873.

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Examining the economic value of education has been a central research agenda of social scientists for decades. However, prior research inadequately accounts for the discrepancy between educational credentials and skills at both the individual and societal levels. In this article, I investigate the link between credentials, skills, and labor market outcomes against a background of societal-level educational expansion and skills diffusion. Using internationally comparable OECD data for approximately 30,000 individuals in 26 countries, I find that both credentials and skills generally contribute to occupational and monetary rewards. In particular, the premium for credentials far outweighs that for skills. This is in contrast to recent arguments that skills are the key to economic success. Nevertheless, returns to credentials decline in tandem with educational expansion, whereas skills retain their premium even as they diffuse in a given society. Furthermore, skills diffusion also leads to the diminishing monetary return to high credentials. These findings suggest that skills diffusion promotes more meritocratic reward allocation via devaluing high credentials without explicit depreciation of high skills.

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Rozhkova, Ksenia V., and Sergey Yu Roshchin. "Does knowing foreign language pay off in the Russian labor market?" Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 6 (June 6, 2019): 122–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2019-6-122-141.

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Though foreign language is widely accepted as an important form of human capital and a factor of economic growth, the labor market outcomes for foreign language skills in developing economies remain understudied. This research explores the returns to different levels of foreign language skills in the Russian labor market and tries do disentangle the differences in return associated with job characteristics. The results indicate positive wage premium for foreign language skills in Russia which approximately equals to 9% when controlling for job-related characteristics. Moreover, wage premium for advanced level of knowledge reaches 24%. However, there is considerable heterogeneity in the economic returns across age groups, levels of education, and occupations. The highest return to foreign language skills is obtained by managers and results to be 13%. For elementary occupations the estimate appears to be insignificant which proves that return to foreign language skills exists only for a limited number of specific jobs.

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Deming, David J., and Kadeem Noray. "Earnings Dynamics, Changing Job Skills, and STEM Careers*." Quarterly Journal of Economics 135, no. 4 (June 16, 2020): 1965–2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjaa021.

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Abstract This article studies the impact of changing job skills on career earnings dynamics for college graduates. We measure changes in the skill content of occupations between 2007 and 2019 using detailed job descriptions from a near universe of online job postings. We then develop a simple model where the returns to work experience are a race between on-the-job learning and skill obsolescence. Obsolescence lowers the return to experience, flattening the age-earnings profile in faster-changing careers. We show that the earnings premium for college graduates majoring in technology-intensive subjects such as computer science, engineering, and business declines rapidly, and that these graduates sort out of faster-changing occupations as they gain experience.

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장혜원 and Hyewon Kim. "The Return to Skills: 2000~2012 of Korea." Journal of Vocational Education & Training 17, no. 1 (April 2014): 67–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.36907/krivet.2014.17.1.67.

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O'Donnell, Angela M. "The Return of Thinking Skills to the Schools." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 37, no. 12 (December 1992): 1300–1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/031712.

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Carlo Cainarca, Gian, and Francesca Sgobbi. "The return to education and skills in Italy." International Journal of Manpower 33, no. 2 (May 4, 2012): 187–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437721211225444.

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Maria Hagan, Jacqueline, and Joshua Wassink. "New Skills, New Jobs: Return Migration, Skill Transfers, and Business Formation in Mexico." Social Problems 63, no. 4 (October 3, 2016): 513–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spw021.

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Deming, David J. "The Growing Importance of Social Skills in the Labor Market*." Quarterly Journal of Economics 132, no. 4 (June 6, 2017): 1593–640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjx022.

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Abstract The labor market increasingly rewards social skills. Between 1980 and 2012, jobs requiring high levels of social interaction grew by nearly 12 percentage points as a share of the U.S. labor force. Math-intensive but less social jobs—including many STEM occupations—shrank by 3.3 percentage points over the same period. Employment and wage growth were particularly strong for jobs requiring high levels of both math skill and social skills. To understand these patterns, I develop a model of team production where workers “trade tasks” to exploit their comparative advantage. In the model, social skills reduce coordination costs, allowing workers to specialize and work together more efficiently. The model generates predictions about sorting and the relative returns to skill across occupations, which I investigate using data from the NLSY79 and the NLSY97. Using a comparable set of skill measures and covariates across survey waves, I find that the labor market return to social skills was much greater in the 2000s than in the mid-1980s and 1990s.

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Agarwal, Ashima, Sanjeev Bansal, and Lakhwinder K. Dhillon. "Analysis of Selectivity and Timing Skills of Fund Managers." Management and Economics Research Journal 6 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/merj.2020.870688.

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There have been massive research works done on the concept of market timing and selectivity skills that are applied by the fund managers to optimize the returns to the fundholders/investors/clientele. The fact that still remains unidentified/studied is the factor(s) that are influential enough for the maximization of returns. There is a general perception that investors will only look upon the returns but the very factor that may influence that return is yet to be analyzed. This study focuses on gaining an insight into whether there is any correlation that exists between the fund manager’s selection or/and market timing abilities that, in turn, can be useful to the investors also in finding out which fund and fund manager to be trusted for investment.

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Matemilola, B. T., A. N. Bany-Ariffin, and W. N. W. Azman-Saini. "Impact of Leverage and Managerial Skills on Shareholders’ Return." Procedia Economics and Finance 7 (2013): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(13)00224-4.

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Kazi, Shahnaz. "Reabsorption of Returning Workers from the Gulf: The Asian Experience." Pakistan Development Review 33, no. 4II (December 1, 1994): 1333–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v33i4iipp.1333-1344.

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The paper addresses the problems of the reintegration of return migrants in the context of major South Asian and South East Asian labour exporting countries to the Middle East. The discussion that follows briefly analyses the changing trends in outmigration, the socioeconomic characteristics of return migrants to the region -their skills, occupations, job preferences, region of residence, as well as the macro-level employment situation in the concerned countries. Further the study investigates to what extent the return migration is associated with skill acquisition or upgrading of skills and the pattern of utilisation by the returnees of the accumulated savings including both remittance income and the amount they bring back. The discussion is largely based on evidence provided in surveys of return migrants mostIyundertaken in the mid eighties when due to the collapse of oil prices and the subsequem cuts in the development programme of the Middle Eastern ecOD

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Rani, P. Geetha, Megha Shree, and Rajesh Shukla. "Return to Skills in India: The Role of Digital Access and Usage." Indian Journal of Human Development 13, no. 3 (December 2019): 254–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973703019892215.

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This article analyses the quality of labour force in India using the data from India’s Citizen Environment and Consumer Economy (ICE) 360° survey (2016), which provides a view on how Indians earn, spend, save, invest, live, think, access amenities and public goods and consume. The approach adopted here provides an alternative perspective on the quality of labour force, which depends on skill levels, education and technology. The analysis reveals that Indian labour markets depicts a clear dichotomy between higher skill levels being dominated largely by the high-skilled workers and the manual jobs with lower skill levels for the low-skilled workers. Technology and digital usage has further accentuated this earnings differential. Also, higher skill levels in India tend to have both higher average earning and education levels compared to their lower skill counterparts, leading to widening the earning inequality.Further, this analysis provides important insights into the low skill levels of the vast Indian labour force, which would require re-qualification and re-specialisation of the labour force in order to compete in fast-changing globalised India. Thus, it becomes critical for Indian policymakers to relook the skill formation and education system to be able to swiftly and effectively respond to constantly evolving skill demand in the local, national and global market.

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Sledgianowski, Deb, Steven T. Petra, Alexander Pelaez, and Jianbing Zhu. "Using Tableau to Analyze the Effects of Tax Code Changes: A Teaching Case for Tax and AIS Courses." Issues in Accounting Education 36, no. 3 (January 21, 2021): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/issues-19-127.

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ABSTRACT This teaching case enables taxation and accounting information systems (AIS) students to use data analytics software to analyze a large dataset of simulated federal individual income tax returns to identify possible effects of tax changes on different categories of individual taxpayers. Tax return data provided for the case is a large sample that represents the population of U.S. tax returns filed, created from a simulation using distributions based on prevailing economic theories about income and most recent tax return filing statistics available from Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Statistics of Income (SOI). Students will learn to: (1) develop foundational skills and knowledge related to data analytics and how those skills can be used to visualize data to make it more meaningful, (2) demonstrate an understanding of Internal Revenue Code as it pertains to individual taxation, and (3) demonstrate knowledge of how Internal Revenue Code affects different types of filers.

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Andersen, Mark B., Judy L. Van Raalte, and Britton W. Brewer. "Assessing the Skills of Sport Psychology Supervisors." Sport Psychologist 8, no. 3 (September 1994): 238–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.8.3.238.

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To assess the supervisory skills of sport psychologists who are training future practitioners, the Sport Psychology Supervisory Skills Inventory (SPSSI) was mailed to 201 potential applied sport psychology supervisors. Supervisors were associated with graduate programs that offered applied sport psychology practica and/or internships, as identified in the Directory of Graduate Programs in Applied Sport Psychology (Sachs, Burke, & Salitsky, 1992). Supervisors rated themselves on 41 supervisory skills. The SPSSI was also mailed to 416 student members of AAASP, who were asked to rate their supervisors. There was a 35% return rate from supervisors and a 45% return rate from students. The findings suggest that supervised experience with athletes is limited for both supervisors and graduate students.

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BARRETT, GARRY F. "The Return to Cognitive Skills in the Australian Labour Market*." Economic Record 88, no. 280 (November 17, 2011): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4932.2011.00775.x.

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Miller, Holly King, Elizabeth Nichols, and Janice E. Beeken. "Comparing Videotaped and Faculty-Present Return Demonstrations of Clinical Skills." Journal of Nursing Education 39, no. 5 (May 2000): 237–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0148-4834-20000501-11.

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Ma, Zhongdong. "Social-Capital Mobilization and Income Returns to Entrepreneurship: The Case of Return Migration in Rural China." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 34, no. 10 (October 2002): 1763–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a34193.

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Temporary labor migration in developing countries is an important urban–rural linkage that has a potential impact on rural development. According to the new economies of labor migration, it is often a strategy used by families with small farms to acquire investment capital for future business formation. In this paper, I argue further that human-capital accretion during migration reinforces the mobilization of local social capital, which in turn enhances a returnee's entrepreneurship. By using the results of an in-depth survey of returned labor migrants in rural China, I seek to explain the mobilization of social capital and income return to entrepreneurship in a multivariate framework. I find that skilled returnees are indeed more prone to mobilize social capital. The income return to local social capital is as considerable as that to investment capital and skills acquired at the urban destination. The findings suggest that the consequences of labor migration can be better understood through the integration of the new economics of labor migration and social capital

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Melnarowicz, Władysław, and Krzysztof Melnarowicz. "Return to Vocational Education." Journal of KONBiN 44, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 235–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jok-2017-0070.

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Abstract The article presents the description of the current education and vocational training systems in Poland and the world with special emphasis on technical professions. It draws attention to the events and decisions, which led to a decreased level of education, lower quality of graduates and problems, the youth graduating from secondary and high schools have with finding a job. The studies of the authors on the effectiveness of vocational training systems lead to the presentation of an innovative proposal of deriving operational goals of education from professional tasks and developing a modular design of curricula. Such an approach towards the construction of vocational training programs is based on the model of a modularized occupation MES (Modules of Employable Skills). The described concept is supported by: high efficiency, flexibility and economic issues.

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Hennen, Bob V. "Treatment provider’s role: Preparing students to return to school." Journal of Recovery Science 1, no. 2 (September 22, 2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31886/jors.12.2018.21.

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With the continuous growth of the collegiate recovery movement, treatment providers are considering a return to school a viable option for people in early recovery and it is often the goal of the student to return to school as quickly as possible following treatment. The barriers to and skills needed for recovery maintenance and school completion are interconnected and should be addressed simultaneously in treatment with students planning to return to school. This presentation is designed to address the treatment provider’s role in preparing a student to return to school by exploring methods to assess for developmental barriers and resources and build skills for both substance use recovery maintenance and the successful navigation of higher education.

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Best, Ellen E., and Jennifer Kahle Schafer. "A Corporate Tax Return Simulation: Utilizing Electronic Work Papers and Resolving Ambiguous Issues." Issues in Accounting Education 32, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace-51741.

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ABSTRACT Practitioners routinely note that new staff lack documentation skills, communication skills, and strong Excel skills. Further, new staff report critical-thinking, written and oral communication, teamwork, and project management skills deserve greater emphasis in Master of Accountancy programs. The AICPA's (2014) Model Tax Curriculum suggests that active learning approaches be used to enable students to build communication, critical-thinking, and interpersonal skills. This case uses a realistic corporate tax return preparation experience to address these criticisms by focusing on four main areas: time management, communication, research, and technical skills. The case is divided into two phases. In Phase 1, students review client information, generate requests from the client for missing information, keep a log of hours spent on the project, research ambiguous issues, meet with the project “senior” to obtain guidance, and prepare electronic work papers. In Phase 2, students incorporate feedback from the senior's review of their work papers to make corrections, prepare a corporate tax return, and create a client letter. Student feedback about the project is positive.

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Greiman, Travis, and Thomas Satre. "Does chewing gum promote return of bowel function after colorectal surgery?" Evidence-Based Practice 20, no. 9 (September 2017): E8—E9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ebp.0000541831.23921.82.

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Valenzuela Sánchez, Norma Aida, and Jorge Omar Moreno Treviño. "Asignación y retorno de habilidades en el mercado laboral en México." Revista de Economía Laboral 15, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21114/rel.2018.01.01.

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Kule, Dhori, Ahmet Mançellari, Harry Papapanagos, Stefan Qirici, and Peter Sanfey. "The Causes and Consequences of Albanian Emigration during Transition: Evidence from Micro Data." International Migration Review 36, no. 1 (March 2002): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2002.tb00078.x.

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This note reports the results of a field survey of individuals and firms in Albania, carried out during 1998. The surveys were designed to analyze the size, causes and consequences of emigration from Albania during the 1990s. Our results show that emigrants are motivated mainly by the ease of access of neighboring countries and by the prospect of high financial returns. Although most emigrants worked illegally and had part-time, low-skilled jobs, the majority found the overall experience positive, and the skills and earnings abroad have contributed to setting up businesses on return. These results have important policy implications for both EU countries and other transition countries in the region.

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Lagoa, Sérgio, and Fátima Suleman. "Industry- and occupation-specific human capital: evidence from displaced workers." International Journal of Manpower 37, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 44–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-11-2013-0257.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to estimate the impact of industry and occupation skills on the wages of displaced workers due to firm closure. Design/methodology/approach – Using linked employer-employee data on displaced workers, this paper estimates the impact of industry and occupation tenure on post-displacement wage changes correcting for endogeneity with a multinomial logit model. Findings – The evidence suggests that occupation has more specific skill requirements than industry. Displaced workers moving both industry and occupation suffer a higher wage decline than those changing only industry or occupation. Furthermore, the transferability of skills varies across occupations and industries; more specifically, intermediate-level occupations are more demanding in specific skills and impose higher wages losses for displaced workers. Finally, the economic crisis reduced the return on firm-specific skills only in some cases. Practical implications – The examination of skill specificity/transferability helps firms, workers and policy makers to draw strategies and policies to improve their individual situation and social welfare. The analysis suggest that when experienced workers are displaced and forced to find a job in a different industry, they suffer considerable wage cuts. While displacement imposes costs to workers and society, different choices impact wages differently. Originality/value – To the authors’ best knowledge, this is the first paper studying the simultaneous impact of industry and occupation tenure on wages using displaced workers due to firm closing. The paper also corrects for the selection of different alternatives after the displacement and uses data from a country characterised by low-job flows and low-worker flows. Finally, the impact of economic crises on return to skills is assessed.

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&NA;. "Video Taping Return Demonstrations." Nurse Educator 18, no. 4 (July 1993): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006223-199307000-00009.

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ARTEEVA, Valeriya S., and Angi E. SKHVEDIANI. "A mathematical model to evaluate return on investment in higher education." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 20, no. 4 (April 29, 2021): 772–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.20.4.772.

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Subject. The article assesses the effectiveness of investments in higher education. Objectives. The aim is to assess the performance of investments in higher education for a Master’s student at the Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, in the field of Economics, Business Analyst Specialty. Methods. The methodology, presented in the study, includes three stages. The first assesses the demand for skills, the second assesses how the supply of skills match the demand, and the third – the effectiveness of investments in higher education, based on the developed mathematical model, scenario analysis, and decision tree. Results. We revealed that for a business analyst, the most important categories of skills are project management, decision-making, organizational competencies, communication, and knowledge of corporate software. The most required skills in these categories are the knowledge of business processes, project documentation, systems thinking, teamwork, communication, and well-bred speech. The analysis of correspondence between the competencies required by employers and those acquired in the training process showed that Master’s graduates meet the demand for the position of a business analyst in the labor market by 69%. Conclusions. The evaluation of the effectiveness of investment in higher education for a Master’s student of the Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, in the field of Economics, Business Analyst Specialty, shows that it is more profitable for a Bachelor graduate to continue studying for a Master's degree, rather than go straight to work.

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Van Niekerk, J. R., and J. D. Krige. "Analysis of sources of return in South African private equity." South African Journal of Business Management 40, no. 4 (December 31, 2009): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v40i4.546.

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Private Equity is rapidly growing as an asset class for investors in South Africa. Local and international literature presents overwhelming evidence to suggest that Private Equity offers superior risk-adjusted returns and portfolio diversification benefits.This study addresses the question of how exactly Private Equity managers are able to achieve superior returns. A sample of 46 individual completed investments representing large buy-outs in South Africa in the period 1992 to 2007 was selected and analysed to quantitatively investigate the relationship between some of the identified sources of return and the realised internal rates of return in the case of each investment. These relationships were not found to be as strong as expected and in many cases were not supportive of the findings in the literature. Only earnings growth and an increase in the earnings multiple had a significant impact on the internal rates of return achieved according to the sample analysed.The authors conclude that investing in Private Equity is too interdisciplinary to distil the sources of return into a few concise elements. Proprietary knowledge, expertise, superior management skills, relationships and experience all seem to play a role in providing Private Equity managers with a competitive edge over their public market participants.

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Jendrissek, Daniel. "EU Labour Migration in Troubled Times: Skills Mismatch, Return and Policy Responses." Journal of Contemporary European Studies 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 312–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14782804.2013.817824.

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Corliss, Michael Craig, Anne Daly, and Phil Lewis. "Is a university degree still a worthwhile financial investment in Australia?" Australian Journal of Education 64, no. 1 (February 19, 2020): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004944120901883.

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Since 2006 there have been significant changes in the labour market for university graduates, most notably the Global Financial Crisis of 2007 and the subsequent downturn in gross domestic product growth, and a huge expansion in university places. This article presents estimates of the monetary returns in Australia associated with the completion of bachelor degrees in 2016 for a range of fields of study and compares them to the estimates for 2006. The results show that for the median person, there are still good monetary incentives to complete these degrees and the private rate of return compares favourably with the long-term real bond rate. However, the article also concludes that the return to an individual investing in bachelor education had mostly declined in the period 2006–2016. There is, again, considerable variation between disciplines and for some, completion of a bachelor degree does not yield positive returns. The key factors determining the monetary rate of return are the discipline of the degree and the graduates’ subsequent labour force status. Graduates in full-time employment in most disciplines avoided being among those with low (or negative) rates of return. In addition, there is some evidence of skills mismatch and over skilling among the lowest paid university graduates.

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Monsma, Eva, James Mensch, and Jennifer Farroll. "Keeping Your Head in the Game: Sport-Specific Imagery and Anxiety Among Injured Athletes." Journal of Athletic Training 44, no. 4 (July 1, 2009): 410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-44.4.410.

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Abstract The use of sport-specific imagery during rehabilitation is sparse. Athletes who used imagery (either facilitative or debilitative) during injury rehabilitation were compared with injured athletes who did not use imagery. Return-to-practice anxiety in the groups was investigated also.Context: To (1) explore debilitative images used during rehabilitation, (2) examine athlete and injury characteristics in relation to variations in imagery content and return-to-practice anxiety, (3) compare the frequency of imagery use early in injury rehabilitation with that just before return to practice, and (4) examine the relationship between image use and return-to-practice anxiety.Objective: Observational design.Design: Athletic training facilities.Setting: Thirty-six injured National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate athletes sustaining at least an 8-day practice suspension due to injury.Patients or Other Participants: Sport Imagery Questionnaire, Sport Anxiety Scale.Main Outcome Measure(s): Athletes used both facilitative and debilitative images during different phases of rehabilitation. Men used more sport skill, strategy, and excitement imagery content than did women, who reported higher scores for worry and concentration disruption than did men. Athletes used fewer images related to their sport skills and strategies early in rehabilitation than just before they returned to practice. Additionally, athletes who used more arousal and less strategic imagery experienced more somatic anxiety.Results: Similar to research findings on healthy athletes, sport-specific image content in injured athletes is related to return-to-practice anxiety during rehabilitation, and some of the images were perceived as debilitative. Practitioners should advise injured athletes to use sport-specific imagery, especially that related to sport skills and strategies, but they should caution athletes against using arousal imagery, because it may elevate somatic anxiety before return to practice. Image content recommendations should encompass the cognitive and motivational functions of imagery, and the practitioner should assess if any image used by the athlete is debilitative.Conclusions:

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O'Bryan, David W., Jeffrey J. Quirin, and Mary Jo Goedeke. "Tax Return Analysis in a Fraud Examination: The Case of the Bankruptcy Auditor." Journal of Forensic Accounting Research 5, no. 1 (August 4, 2020): 123–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jfar-19-015.

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ABSTRACT The tax return is often a key piece of evidence in a forensic accounting engagement. Forensic accounting students need to understand what a tax return can tell its reader about the taxpayer. This case is designed for an introductory or advanced course in fraud examination or forensic accounting. Students are placed in the hypothetical role of a person beginning a job as a bankruptcy auditor with the United States Trustee Program. The bankruptcy auditor must utilize two consecutive years of tax returns to determine the primary sources of income and assets for the debtor. Information from the tax returns will be compared to the bankruptcy petition to identify red flags that could indicate the debtor has committed fraud or abuse of the bankruptcy process. Successful completion of this case requires students to integrate skills from auditing, taxation, business law, and forensic accounting and communicate findings in a written report.

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Kilbourn, Kristin, and Kellie Martens. "Available evidence suggests women with false-positive mammograms less likely to return for screening." Evidence Based Nursing 17, no. 3 (November 28, 2013): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/eb-2013-101419.

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Ward, Zachary. "The low return to English fluency during the Age of Mass Migration☆." European Review of Economic History 24, no. 2 (May 15, 2019): 219–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ereh/hez007.

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Abstract English skills are highly valuable for today’s immigrants, but has this always been the case? I estimate the premium for English fluency and the rate of language acquisition in the early 20th century US using new linked data on over two hundred thousand immigrants. Few early 20th century immigrants arrived with English proficiency, yet many acquired language skills rapidly after arrival. Based on individual fixed effects, acquiring English fluency was associated with a small upgrade in occupational income. The results suggest that English fluency was less important for economic assimilation in the early 20th century than in recent decades.

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Mad Kaidi, Hazilah, Norulhusna Ahmad, Nor Fazilah Mohd Hashim, Fatimah Salim, Mohd Nabil Muhtazaruddin, Nurul Aini Bani, Norliza Mohamed, Rafizah Musa, Siti Armiza Mohd Aris, and Siti Zura A Jalil. "Engaging youths in skill development through network system wiring workshop in rural area." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 950. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i2.pp950-955.

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<span>Nowadays, youths underuse their time, energy and creativity in a vast number of other activities, which lead to almost nothing in return. Thus, to fully utilise their huge potential of skills and abilities is by offering productive ways to attract young people in educational-related activities. This paper is presenting the community project on the network wiring system workshop that has been conducted for the young generation at Kg. Serting Ulu, Simpang Pertang Jempol, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. The aim of participating in this project is to deliver the knowledge base and develop skills in technology and engineering. In addition, it is also intended to develop interpersonal skills, communication and lifelong learning as well as to increase the ability of a young generation to generate a side income by venturing into entrepreneurship field. Participants in this network system wiring workshop were exposed to a multitude of basic installation and wiring techniques in which they were able to shape their personalities with the advantage of acquired technology and engineering skills. As a result, the return on investment (RoI) and social return on investment (SRoI) targets for the workshop can be achieved. It was conducted at a rural area named as Kampung Serting Ulu, Simpang Pertang Jempol, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. </span>

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Ketcham, Caroline, Melissa Bowie, Thomas Buckley, Martin Baker, Kirtida Patel, and Eric Hall. "The Value of Speech-Language Pathologists in Concussion Management." Current Research: Concussion 04, no. 01 (January 2017): e8-e13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603645.

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Abstract Objective The goal of this article is to make a case for the value of a speech-language pathologist (SLP) to be considered for inclusion on a concussion management team in a consultant capacity and resource for student-athletes during the return-to-learn process particularly at the high school or collegiate level where they may already be on staff or affiliated. SLPs have the skills and expertise to address difficulties and provide structured strategies to address symptoms of a concussion that affect cognitive processing, attention, and focus which often are impacted during recovery from a concussion. These skills alongside an athletic trainer/school nurse will provide a mechanism for student-athletes to be monitored and have a resource through the return-to-learn and return-to-play process.

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García Hernández, Blanca Josefina, and Gerardo Suárez Barrera. "Human Capital of Mexican Return Migrants." Journal of Administrative Science 2, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29057/jas.v2i4.6742.

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This proposal is the result of an investigation carried out among a group of undocumented Mexican migrants, located in the state of Texas, United States, and who, due to their immigration status, constitute a vulnerable group with the latent risk of being deported to their country of origin (COO). The purpose of the study is to offer a characterization of the Human Capital of migrants, based on information that includes age, gender, schooling, origin, family dependents, length of stay in the country of residence (COR), immigration status, occupation, health conditions, English proficiency, labor experience and skills. This profile makes it possible to identify the entrepreneurial potential that migrants can offer in the event that they return to their COO and to have the possibility of designing strategies and public policies that allow this group of people to be reintegrated into sustainable economic activities.

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Toomet, Ott. "Learn English, Not the Local Language! Ethnic Russians in the Baltic States." American Economic Review 101, no. 3 (May 1, 2011): 526–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.3.526.

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This paper analyzes the return to dominant language fluency for ethnic Russians in the Baltic States. We look at male workers using Estonian Labor Force Survey for years 2000–2010 and the 1998 wave of a panel of high-school graduates of 1982. The results indicate that the ethnic Russian men enjoy little income premium on their skills of the dominant language. We identify positive returns only in the low end of the income distribution and in public administration sector. Surprisingly, the returns to English fluency are far larger. These outcomes point toward segregation and discrimination at the upper-end hiring.

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Pena, Anita Alves. "Skills and Economic Inequality Across Race and Ethnicity in the United States: New Evidence on Wage Discrimination Using PIAAC." Review of Black Political Economy 45, no. 1 (March 2018): 40–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034644618770834.

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Using skill and earnings data from the OECD’s newly released Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) and decomposition methodology from literature on economic distributions across countries, this research provides new evidence about the limited extent to which levels of and rates of return to skills explain unequal wage distributions in subgroups defined by race and ethnicity in the United States. The specific importance of PIAAC skill levels and of rates of return to skill varies substantially between racial and ethnic minorities relative to Whites and across the upper and lower parts of the wage distribution, while unobservables remain critical. These findings about differential characteristics of wage spreads are in contrast to relatively high correlations between the means of wage distributions and the more comprehensively defined skill measures observed in PIAAC (in comparison to those that have been examined in past literature), and are robust to the inclusion of other observable human capital and socioeconomic determinants. Results have implications for understanding how formal and informal institutions, discrimination, and labor market compensation practices may translate differentially across racial and ethnic groups and into observed variation in earnings.

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Potter, Daniel, and Jeremy Redford. "UNFULFILLED PROMISE: THE DIFFERENTIAL RETURN ON EARLY SKILLS FOR HIGH-RISK HIGH ACHIEVERS." International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies 6, no. 4-1 (2015): 670–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs.641201515052.

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Pietrykowski, Bruce. "The Return to Caring Skills: Gender, Class, and Occupational Wages in the US." Feminist Economics 23, no. 4 (January 16, 2017): 32–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2016.1257142.

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Coniglio, Nicola D., Giuseppe De Arcangelis, and Laura Serlenga. "Intentions to Return of Clandestine Migrants: The Perverse Effect of Illegality on Skills." Review of Development Economics 13, no. 4 (November 2009): 641–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2009.00518.x.

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Rozhkova, Ksenia V. "The return to noncognitive characteristics in the Russian labor market." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 11 (November 6, 2019): 81–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2019-11-81-107.

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For decades economic literature considered intellect to be the main determinant of individual results in the labor market. While there has been significant research on the traditional human capital as the main determinant of labour market results, there is huge heterogeneity across individual wages on the labour market which remains unexplained. Noncognitive characteristics represent a relatively stable way of thinking, feeling and behaving in certain situations, which appears to provide an explanation for these differences. This study presents scarce evidence of the link between noncognitive skills and economic outcomes conducted on extensive Russian data. Using RLMS—HSE data for 2016—2017, returns to the Big Five taxonomy of personality traits are estimated with an extended Mincer-type model. The results are in line with previous research on the topic and indicate the existence of a strong link between noncognitive skills, employment and wages for all socio-demographic and professional groups. However, there is considerable heterogeneity in the economic returns across these groups. Besides, the measured effect of personality traits is comparable to the effect from the traditional human capital components.

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Chanthol, Hay. "Return to education and labor market in Cambodia: evidence form labor force survey 2012 and CSES 2014." Journal of Educational Research and Reviews 9, no. 2 (February 8, 2021): 28–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33495/jerr_v9i2.20.176.

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This paper mainly estimates the returns to education employing the standard Mincerian function using the latest Cambodian labor force survey 2012, where the dependent variable is the natural logarithm of earnings and independent variables include years of schooling or educational attainment and potential experience. The paper also examines the effect of foreign language skills on earnings. This paper is divided into three sections. The first section examines Cambodia’s labor markets. The second section explores the econometric model, in particular, Mincerian function to estimate returns to education using the latest labor force survey conducted in 2012. We find that for employed persons with an educational level lower than or equal to grade 12 it is about 3.3 percent; but it is higher for males. The annualized rate of return to education for undergraduate level was approximately 17 percent. Regarding language skill, we find that people who hold a bachelor degree and can speak English can earn more than those who can speak only Khmer language. There is also a significant wage gap between bachelor holders and high school certificate holders at a ratio of 1.9.

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Shah, Syed Alamdar Ali, Raditya Sukmana, and Bayu Arie Fianto. "Stage-I Shariah compliant Macaulay’s duration model testing." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 12, no. 7 (August 18, 2021): 941–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-05-2020-0158.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop, test and examine econometric methodology for Sharīʿah-compliant duration models of Islamic banks. Design/methodology/approach The research evaluates all existing duration models from Sharīʿah’s perspective and develops a four-stage framework for testing Sharīʿah-compliant duration models. The econometric methodology consists of multiple regression, Johansen co-integration, error correction model, vector error correction model (VECM) and threshold vector error models (TVECM). Findings Regressions analysis suggests that returns on earning assets and interbank offered rates are significant factors for calculating the duration of earning assets, whereas returns paid on return bearing liabilities and average interbank rates of deposits are significant factors for duration of return bearing liabilities. VECM suggests that short run duration converges into long run duration and TVECM suggests that management of assets and liabilities also plays a significant role that can bring about a change of about 15% in respective durations. Practical implications Sharīʿah-compliant duration models will improve risk and Sharīʿah efficiency, which will ultimately improve market capitalization and returns stability of Islamic banks in the long run. Originality/value Sharīʿah-compliant duration models testing provides insight into how various factors, namely, rates of return, benchmark rates and managerial skills of Islamic bank risk managers impact durations of assets and liabilities. It also explains the future course of action for Sharīʿah-compliant duration model testing.

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Sterling-Fox, Cynthia, Julius P. Smith, Ophalyn Gariando, and Pamela Charles. "Nursing Skills Video Selfies: An Innovative Teaching and Learning Strategy for Undergraduate Nursing Students to Master Psychomotor Skills." SAGE Open Nursing 6 (January 2020): 237796082093409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2377960820934090.

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Introduction The quality of care for patients is linked to the performance and competence of nurses. Nurse educators are challenged to prepare graduates to deliver safe, competent, patient-centered care. Nursing skills video “selfie” is an innovative teaching and learning strategy in which nursing students use technology to create videos of themselves (video selfie) performing psychomotor skills. Method The instructional exercise of creating the video selfie was administered to a group of nursing students in a medical–surgical class. The laboratory instructors identified three psychomotor nursing skills. In the skills lab, the instructors showed videos to demonstrate how the skills were performed. The students returned demonstration in the lab and were asked to return to the lab independently to practice the skills and to create a video selfie. Results The exercise encouraged students to increase the quality and length of practice and master the skill. Students demonstrated confidence to perform the skills and to accurately list each step required to perform the skills. The video selfie was used as a peer evaluation tool and as a faculty assessment tool to guide individual students’ instruction, learning, and remediation. Conclusion The exercise had some shortcomings. Future quantitative research using survey instruments to collect data from a larger group of nursing students is needed to validate the utility of this innovative teaching and learning strategy in nursing programs.

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Bohatko-Naismith, Joanna, Carole James, Maya Guest, Darren Anthony Rivett, and Samantha Ashby. "An exploratory study of the injured worker’s experience and relationship with the workplace return to work coordinator in NSW, Australia." International Journal of Workplace Health Management 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwhm-07-2018-0089.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the injured worker’s perspective of experiences with their workplace return to work coordinator (RTWC), and explore some of the barriers they encountered in the return to work process. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten injured workers from New South Wales, Australia. The thematic analysis of transcripts was completed. Findings The findings provide an insight into the experiences of injured workers and their relationship with RTWCs. Five key themes emerged from the data: return to work experiences and the RTWC role, high turnover and lack of consistency in the role, RTWC “ideal”, knowledge and skills, communication skills and the RTWC role and GP visits privacy and conflict of interest with peer RTWCs. Practical implications The role of the workplace RTWC in the return to work process for injured workers is important and these findings are highly relevant to the return to work sector. Consistency within the role at the workplace and careful consideration of the specific traits and characteristics required by an individual to perform the role need to be observed during the selection process by employers when appointing a workplace RTWC to assist injured workers return to work. Originality/value This is the first Australian study to examine the injured workers views and experiences with the workplace RTWC and other factors that shape the return to work process.

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Helmy, Herlina, Charoline Cheisviyanny, Sany Dwita, Vanica Serly, and Nayang Helmayunita. "Analisis Pemahaman Guru-Guru SMK Jurusan Akuntansi tentang Materi Rekonsiliasi Fiskal dan Pengisian e-SPT Tahunan Sesuai Materi UKK: Studi Deskriptif Guru-Guru MGMP Akuntansi di Kabupaten Agam dan Kota Bukittinggi." Wahana Riset Akuntansi 6, no. 2 (December 12, 2018): 1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/wra.v6i2.102517.

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The Academic Year 2016/2017 was the first year of fiscal reconciliation and filling an Annual Tax Returns as the material of Competency and Skills Exam of Vocational School students. Students are required to understand and can calculate the amount of tax payable and filling in annual tax returns, then they can work on the questions properly and correctly. This student's ability is inseparable from the teacher's ability to understand the material. Therefore, the teachers is required to have deep knowledge and understanding about the material. The purpose of this activity is to conduct training to improve the understanding and knowledge of the Vocational School Teachers of Accounting Departments on Fiscal Reconciliation Materials and the Filling of Annual E-Tax Return in accordance with Competency and Skills Exam Materials in Agam District and Bukittinggi City, West Sumatra. The training was carried out for 4 days in 2 weeks. Based on the results of the assessment from the pretest and posttest was conducted to the participants, shows that there was an increase in the understanding of vocational school teachers in the accounting department for annual fiscal reconciliation and E-Tax Return materials for individual taxpayers and corporate taxpayers. The results of the survey conducted with a questionnaire to find out the perceptions of participants regarding the usefulness of the community service activities, it shows that the training participants were very enthusiastic and get benefit from this activity.Keywords: teachers, SMK, understanding, fiscal reconciliation

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Brennan, M. M. "Review: routine NG decompression after abdominal surgery delays return of bowel function and increases pulmonary complications." Evidence-Based Nursing 11, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ebn.11.2.55.

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Pekarek, Katie J., and B. Kyle Taylor. "Does icing and other cold therapies shorten return-to-play time in athletes with ankle sprains?" Evidence-Based Practice 23, no. 1 (January 2020): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ebp.0000000000000477.

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Lee, Min-Ji, Jeffrey Cunningham, Omar Qazi, John Tipton, and Lamont Cavanagh. "Does use of return-to-play guidelines for adolescents after a sports-related concussion improve outcomes?" Evidence-Based Practice 20, no. 5 (May 2017): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ebp.0000541705.76178.ca.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Return to skills'

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