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Henry, Claire. "Rape-revenge revisions : case studies in the contemporary film genre." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2012. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/701525/.
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Rape-revenge is one of cinema studies' neglected genres, even in spite of the plethora of examples globally over the past decade. This thesis redresses the lack of critical attention with an account of the contemporary genre that analyses the politics, ethics, and affects at play in the filmic construction of rape and its reponse. Each chapter examines a significant trend or aspect of the contemporary genre through in-depth case studies, expanding the study of rape-revenge from socio-political or psychoanalytic perspectives to also include embodied, phenomenological perspectives and ethical issues. The case studies - including 'The Last House on the Left' (Wes Craven, 1972/Dennis Iliadis, 2009), 'I Spit on Your Grave' (Meir Zarchi, 1978/Steven R. Monroe, 2010), 'Kill Bill Vol. 1 & 2' (Quentin Tarantino, 2003/2004), 'Sympathy for Lady Vengeance' (Park Chan-Wook, 2005), 'Teeth' (Mitchell Lichtenstein, 2007), 'Hard Candy' (David Slade, 2005), 'The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo' ('Män som hatar kvinnor') (Niels Arden Oplev, 2009), 'Descent' (Talia Lugacy, 2007), 'Katalin Varga' (Peter Strickland, 2009), and 'Twilight Portrait' ('Portret v sumerkakh') (Angelina Nikonova, 2011) - are framed in terms of rape-revenge's temporal, cross-media, and cross-cultural shifts, and also placed within the broader cultural myths and media narratives about rape. The contemporary genre reinscribes dominant, conservative cultural myths about rape and the appropriate response (eye for an eye revenge), while at the same time presenting interesting explorations of rape trauma and ethics and self-reflexive challenges to spectating violence. Ambivalence also manifests in these films in that they both attest to the ongoing cultural relevance and popularity of rape-revenge narratives, and yet push the genre's limits and explore the possibility of responses to rape other than revenge. This research finds the rape-revenge genre to be a flexible format with certain limitations but also great potential for political, affective, and ethical exploration of rape and responses to rape.
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Henry, Claire. "Rape-revenge revisions: case studies in the contemporary film genre." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2012. https://arro.anglia.ac.uk/id/eprint/701525/1/Henry_2012.pdf.
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Rape‐revenge is one of cinema studies’ neglected genres, even in spite of the plethora of examples globally over the past decade. This thesis redresses the lack of critical attention with an account of the contemporary genre that analyses the politics, ethics, and affects at play in the filmic construction of rape and its response. Each chapter examines a significant trend or aspect of the contemporary genre through in‐depth case studies, expanding the study of rape‐revenge from socio‐political or psychoanalytic perspectives to also include embodied, phenomenological perspectives and ethical issues. The case studies—including The Last House on the Left (Wes Craven, 1972/Dennis Iliadis, 2009), I Spit on Your Grave (Meir Zarchi, 1978/Steven R. Monroe, 2010), Kill Bill Vol. 1 & 2 (Quentin Tarantino, 2003/2004), Sympathy for Lady Vengeance (Park Chan‐Wook, 2005), Teeth (Mitchell Lichtenstein, 2007), Hard Candy (David Slade, 2005), The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (Män som hatar kvinnor) (Niels Arden Oplev, 2009), Descent (Talia Lugacy, 2007), Katalin Varga (Peter Strickland, 2009), and Twilight Portrait(Portret v sumerkakh) (Angelina Nikonova, 2011)—are framed in terms of rape‐revenge’s temporal, cross‐media, and cross‐cultural shifts, and also placed within the broader cultural myths and media narratives about rape. The contemporary genre reinscribes dominant, conservative cultural myths about rape and the appropriate response (eye for an eye revenge), while at the same time presenting interesting explorations of rape trauma and ethics and self‐reflexive challenges to spectating violence. Ambivalence also manifests in these films in that they both attest to the ongoing cultural relevance and popularity of rape‐revenge narratives, and yet push the genre’s limits and explore the possibility of responses to rape other than revenge. This research finds the rape‐revenge genre to be a flexible format with certain limitations but also great potential for political, affective, and ethical exploration of rape and responses to rape.
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Nielsen, Soldati Gabriel. "Pak Ch'an-Uk's Oldboy: A Film About Futile Violence and Revenge." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för koreanska, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157966.
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Pak Ch’an-uk is one of the most popular directors in Korea and his films have been successful both domestically and internationally. His films are known to contain a large amount of violence and other sensitive subjects, which has raised a lot of discussion and criticism. Pak Ch’an-uk’s most well-known film, Oldboy, is no exception. Oldboy has been discussed by film studies scholars from a variety of angles. This thesis discusses the film rather from the perspective of Korean Studies, taking the Korean cultural and historical context in mind. This study analyzes the meaning of the violence and revenge in Oldboy and explores how the themes and references in the film relate to non-diegetic events in Korea’s recent history, as well as how those references function as social criticism. The thesis also looks into the question why the film has received criticism for its violence and suggests cultural and linguistic barriers as a potential reason for this criticism.Pak Ch’an-uk är en av Koreas mest populära regissörer i Korea. Hans filmer har haft stor succé både inrikes och utrikes. Hans filmer är rika på våld och andra känsliga ämnen, vilket har resulterat i mycket diskussion och kritik mot hans filmer. Han mest välkända film, Oldboy, är inget undantag. Oldboy har blivit diskuterad av forskare inom film, men den här studien diskuterar filmen från ett koreastudieperspektiv, och analyserar därmed filmen med Koreas kultur i åtanke. Den här studien analyserar betydelsen av våldet och hämnden i Oldboy och undersöker hur teman och referenserna i filmen relaterar till extradiegetiska händelser i Koreas historia, samt hur dessa referenser fungerar som kritik. Studien tar även upp kritiken som Oldboy har fått på grund av filmens våld och framställer kulturella och språkliga hinder som en potentiell anledning för kritiken.
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Barnswell, Evan. ""A Dish Best Served Cold": Revenge Plots in Neo-Noir Narratives." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1354.
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In this paper, I trace the theme of revenge across Drive (Refn, 2011) and John Wick (Leitch and Stahelski, 2014). Professor von Hallberg helped me understand these films as vehicles for understanding certain ideas. Throughout the semester I consulted the work of several literary critics to arrive at a better sense of what neo-noir is and to better understand the world of these films. Through close analysis of specific scenes, I hoped to determine what I would learn about vengeance if I lived in the world that these characters inhabit.
After watching and re-watching both films several times, I went through scene by scene and observed the details that stood out to me the most. I related these to the literature I had read and suggested what each detail might mean before drawing any conclusions. Once I had completed the core analysis, I reviewed these observations and synthesized them into general claims. I affirmed that revenge was closely related to von Hallberg’s notion of “trust” as a “horizon of hope” (von Hallberg 2). In the end, it was apparent that in punishing those responsible, the protagonists of these films committed to destroying any and all “obstacles to the [re]construction of trust” (von Hallberg 5). Both protagonists are portrayed as avengers who are driven toward the destruction of “the fakery and greed of those around them” (von Hallberg 36). In these films, to extract revenge is to punish the “corrupt[t] [and] [re]buil[d] [in] a world governed by self-interest” (von Hallberg 36).
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Timmons, Lena G. Boyd Jean Ann. "Functions of film music and sound within a genre : the revenge western /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4900.
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Nguyen, Alan Duc Khoi. "Utilising Principles of Cinematography to Communicate Anti-Violence and Anti-Vengeance Themes in a Revenge Film." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/375769.
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In this exegesis I discuss the context, rationale and methods involved in the development and production of Firebird (2016), a film created as the studio component of my Doctor of Visual Arts degree. The film, along with this exegesis, serves to address the research question: How can anti-violence and anti-vengeance themes be communicated through images in a revenge film? Revenge films often gain audience sympathy for the protagonist through the presentation of an initial wrongdoing or harm, which gives licence for viewers to enjoy the portrayal of violent acts that the protagonist subsequently enacts on his/her revenge-targets. As a filmmaker and film researcher, I have a particular interest in revenge films that provide a more critical approach to the portrayal of vengeance and violence. For the purposes of this exegesis, the terms ‘anti-vengeance’ and ‘anti-violence’ will be used to describe films, or aspects of films, that portray violent vengeance in a disapproving, non-approving, or ambivalent manner. The main contributions of this creative-art and research project are as follows. First, it provides a relatively rare example of a revenge film made with the conscious intention of communicating anti-violence and anti-vengeance themes. Second, it documents my experiences: the challenges I faced, my decision-making processes, and the techniques I adopted, all of which may be of some interest to other filmmakers. Third, it provides a systematic analysis of cinematic image techniques used in a number of contemporary revenge films to support either anti- or pro-vengeance sentiments. The actual process of making this film involved eclectic, iterative and fluid combinations of hands-on experimentation, reflection-in-action, and insights gleaned from the study of previous film works. A distinctive aspect of Firebird is the gradual evolution in its portrayal of the revenge-target, who is also the lead antagonist. Initially, this character is depicted as mysterious, powerful and menacing, but as the film progresses, it allows the audience to see him in a far more humanistic and sympathetic light, thereby undermining the notion of justified vengeance. This nuanced treatment contrasts with the way many revenge films portray targets of revenge as outright villains, with few redeeming qualities. While revenge films that feature anti-vengeance themes generally avoid such damning depictions, they generally present a static, rather than evolving, view of these characters. In this context, the ‘gradual improvement in understanding’ approach employed in Firebird is an innovation within the field of revenge films. To implement this approach, initial shots of the antagonist were taken from low-angle placements that showed little of his face but suggested a dominating presence. Subsequent images of him included more humanistic aspects (e.g., warm-toned lighting cast on his face) and were further enhanced through post-production (e.g., selective brightening and resizing of shots to provide greater intimacy). The antagonist’s perspective was explored, not only through dialogue but also through flashback imagery, which often contrasted in form from surrounding images. The film also showed the antagonist as suffering from the negative psychological consequences of his own violent acts. In one particular scene, where he expresses a deep sense of guilt, blacks were used to isolate the figure, top-lighting was used to support the notion of psychological anguish, while green-gels on lighting were used to give a cold, uncomfortable atmosphere. During the course of the film, the protagonist-revenger moves from a state of relatively good health, self-confidence and certainty of purpose to one of wavering resolve and physical frailty. Initially, as he speaks of his plan for revenge, the camera travels towards him, adding to the power of this moment and supporting a sense of his emotional resolve. As the film progresses, images begin to depict an emotional state of turmoil and indecision, including a close-up shot of a hand poised half-way between his bed and a weapon. Selective colour-grading was designed to depict him with warmer flesh tones early in the film and progress to colder tones in later scenes, to depict the deterioration in his physical health, but also to visually support the internal shift in the character. The ending of the film is decidedly not a triumphant one. A sense of tragedy is conveyed not only through the death of the protagonist, but also through the notion that he is killed by his own quarry, who by that time has shown remorse for past acts of violence. An image of the dying protagonist is shown from what might be the antagonist’s point-of-view, followed by a lingering close-up of the latter’s horrified and grief-filled expression. As for the depiction of moments of violent action, the film tends to focus on showing the effects of violence on the victim, rather than direct visual capture of the violent act itself. The effects are depicted through close-ups of the victim’s face. In this film, the pursuit of revenge is shown as escalating conflict and perpetuating cycles of violence and retaliation, with no apparent satisfaction or redeeming benefits for anyone involved.Thesis (Professional Doctorate)
Doctor of Visual Arts (DVA)
Queensland College of Art
Arts, Education and Law
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Rosén, Rebecca. "Rape-revenge film: "empowering" eller förnedrande sexualisering av kvinnor? : en jämförande analys av Paul Verhoevens Elle gentemot tradition." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för film och litteratur (IFL), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65607.
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Denna uppsats handlar om rape-revenge film. Närmare bestämt undersöker den hur de kvinnliga karaktärerna representeras i de utvalda filmerna och om, och i så fall hur, de kan ses som ”empowering” eller om det endast handlar om en sexualiserande porträttering av våld mot kvinnor. Uppsatsen använder sig utav en film- och textbaserad analys och den grundläggande teorin för uppsatsen är den feministiska filmteorin, samt teorier om kvinnor i rape-revenge. De tre filmerna som står i fokus är I Spit on Your Grave (Meir Zarchi, 1978), Ms. 45 (Abel Ferrara, 1981) och Elle (Paul Verhoeven, 2016). Slutresultatet visar att de tre filmerna inte porträtterar deras våldtäktsscener på ett sexualiserat eller erotiskt sätt utan snarare framhäver brutaliteten i våldet för åskådarna i form av bland annat karaktärsidentifiering med offret istället för våldtäktsmannen. Däremot, skiljer sig filmerna i hur deras respektive kvinnliga karaktärer väljer att hämnas och huruvida deras agerande kan ses som empowering eller inte. Av de tre filmerna är Elle den som tydligast uppvisar olika versioner av empowering och hur det som stärker en person är väldigt individuellt.
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Prenter, Robin Michael Patrick. "Investigating the Physics and Performance of Reverse-Oriented Film Cooling." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1500505248644198.
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Tohline, Andrew M. "Towards a History and Aesthetics of Reverse Motion." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1438771690.
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Besnard-Scott, Laurence. "Translation beyond words : film adaptations of classical myths as reverse ekphrasis." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.725390.
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My PhD thesis proposes to look at film adaptation through a concept derived from ekphrastic discourse in order to delineate a critical space, or ‘ekphrastic third space’, opened up by the process of adaptation. It raises questions about the semiotic dialogue between (moving) image and text, cinema and literature, and how that dialogue is enriched by reconfiguring traditional notions of ekphrasis as ‘reverse ekphrasis’. The chosen case studies - film adaptation of classical myths - reconnect with the origins of ekphrasis as a rhetorical figure, in an attempt to link it with cinema's 'mythical' dimension. The concept of reverse ekphrasis is mediated through a hermeneutic theory of translation which, 1 argue, offers a way of countering overly instrumentalist or transpositional, semiotic readings of film adaptations. The hermeneutic model allows the critic to see all texts as inherently unstable and dialectical; thus opening the way to seeing film adaptations of classical myths as a way of revealing and/or problematising the conditions of production. The ekphrastic third space is therefore not defined by its polarity but by the interlacing occurring in-between; its premise is founded on an unpredictable process’vyhich adjusts itself as a territory for creativity and critical thinking, not on a finality based on a logic of containment. The image-text relationship is thus envisaged not only as a relationship between the said and the seen but between the unsaid and the unseen. The outcome of such an approach is twofold: the process is both mechanical and organic, hermeneutic and poetical, which implies a constant concern for the ambivalence of signs. In that sense, the workings, or illogical ‘logic’, of reverse ekphrasis concur with a cinema of signs that opens up a discursive space on the transformative process from words into moving images and on its conditions of production.
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Smyčková, Renée. "The Bestseller Effect: Do Successful Books Become Box Office Hits?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193081.
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The thesis investigates a connection between the publishing industry and the film industry. It analyses whether films based on best-selling books have higher revenues and return on investment compared to films based on unsuccessful books or original scripts. Data for years 2009 -- 2015, focusing on the U.S. entertainment industry, show that film adaptations of best-selling books reach higher revenues during their opening weekend of the theatrical release. The Bestseller Effect weakens once the information about film's quality becomes available to the audience. The success of a book plays negligible role in film's returns on investment. The results of analysis also show great positive significant impact of the production budget, the star cast, films quality and sequels on the films'financial performance.
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Krishnamurthy, Nicholas. "Film Review Aggregators and Their Effect on Sustained Box Office Performance." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/291.
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This thesis will discuss the emerging influence of film review aggregators and their effect on the changing landscape for reviews in the film industry. Specifically, this study will look at the top 150 domestic grossing films of 2010 to empirically study the effects of two specific review aggregators. A time-delayed approach to regression analysis is used to measure the influencing effects of these aggregators in the long run. Subsequently, other factors crucial to predicting film success are also analyzed in the context of sustained earnings.
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Danielsson, Simon, and Jakob Flygare. "Vad utgör en framgångsrik film? : En analys av Hollywoods filmindustri." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188994.
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I detta arbete undersöktes vilka de främsta framgångsfaktorerna var med avseende på biointäkter för en amerikansk film i produktions- och distributionsfasen. Analysen av produktionsfasen baserades på filmer mellan åren 2010-2014 och bestod dels av en övergripande regressionsanalys över alla filmer och dels en genrespecifik regressionsanalys. Undersökningen av distributionsfasen grundade sig i 4p modellen för att visa på filmbolagens strategiska möjligheter. Resultaten visade att det fanns signifikanta faktorer som påverkar biointäkterna både positivt och negativt. Däribland var uppföljare och budget de två faktorerna som hade störst positiv påverkan på biointäkterna för majoriteten av regressionsmodellerna. Den genrespecifka analysen visade även på skillnader för vilka faktorer som bidrar till att öka biointäkterna för de olika genrerna.This work examined the main drivers behind box office success for American movies in the production- and distribution phase. The data sample consisted of movies released between 2010 and 2014. An overall regression analysis of all movies as well as a genre specific regression analysis were made. The 4ps model of marketing was used to investigate a film studio’s strategic possibilities during the distribution of a film. The results showed that it was possible to determine significant drivers behind a movie’s revenue. Budget and sequel were the two factors that had the largest positive˛ effect on revenue for the majority of the regression models. The genre specific analysis showed that the impact of each factor varied between genres.
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Germann, Christian. "Pricing Multi Barrier Reverse Convertibles." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/97193445002/$FILE/97193445002.pdf.
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Schumpf, Etienne. "Preisgerechtigkeit Grenzen des Yield Management bei Airlines /." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/05603220001/$FILE/05603220001.pdf.
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Zhang, Junyao. "Researches on reverse lookup problem in distributed file system." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4638.
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Recent years have witnessed an increasing demand for super data clusters. The super data clusters have reached the petabyte-scale can consist of thousands or tens of thousands storage nodes at a single site. For this architecture, reliability is becoming a great concern. In order to achieve a high reliability, data recovery and node reconstruction is a must. Although extensive research works have investigated how to sustain high performance and high reliability in case of node failures at large scale, a reverse lookup problem, namely finding the objects list for the failed node remains open. This is especially true for storage systems with high requirement of data integrity and availability, such as scientific research data clusters and etc. Existing solutions are either time consuming or expensive. Meanwhile, replication based block placement can be used to realize fast reverse lookup. However, they are designed for centralized, small-scale storage architectures. In this thesis, we propose a fast and efficient reverse lookup scheme named Group-based Shifted Declustering (G-SD) layout that is able to locate the whole content of the failed node. G-SD extends our previous shifted declustering layout and applies to large-scale file systems. Our mathematical proofs and real-life experiments show that G-SD is a scalable reverse lookup scheme that is up to one order of magnitude faster than existing schemes.ID: 029049697; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 46-48).
M.S.
Masters
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
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Venkitachalam, Prakash. "Application of revenue management principles in warehousing of a third party logistics firm." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/1561.
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As global business landscape becomes more competitive, new and innovative methods to stay ahead of the competition are imperative. Profits being the bottom line of every business, margins are shrinking in the face of extreme competition. Overbooking is a revenue management concept that is used by the airlines to increase operating revenues.
This study focuses on the application of this technique to the warehousing operation of a
third party logistics firm with the objective of maximizing profit. It proposes a mathematical model to identify the overbooking limit to maximize profit. It shows the additional revenue generation potential of overbooking concept, in the warehousing operation of a third party logistics business. A discussion of the competition between different third party logistics businesses is also initiated.Thesis (M.S)-- Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering.
"December 2007."
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Venkitachalam, Prakash Cheraghi S. Hossein. "Application of revenue management principles in warehousing of a third party logistics firm /." Thesis, A link to full text of this thesis in SOAR, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/1561.
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Byh, Isabelle. "Organiserat kaos - om det icke-linjära narrativet och hur det används i Christopher Nolans Memento." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Education, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-5447.
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The non-linear film - a film telling a story using a reversed or scrambled chronology - has existed since the late 20’s, but just recently gained huge influence and popularity due to films such as Quentin Tarantinos cult-declared Pulp Fiction. In this essay I will analyze this form of narrative, and more specifically; how it’s used in my example film Memento. In my examination, I have seen the original version of the film, and then a re-cut version where the story is “turned over” to form a “normal”, linear narrative. My comparison of the two versions, along with glances towards other films that uses non-linear narrative constitutes the foundation of the analysis, which is also supported by literary resources in the subject. My aim is to formulate some sort of answer to the question; what does the non-linear narrative mean for my understanding of the film? I will in addition, briefly explain my understanding of the difference between linear and non-linear narrative.
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Keller, Marco. "Reverse Mortgage Perspektiven auf dem Schweizer Markt /." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01707033002/$FILE/01707033002.pdf.
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Erni, David. "Rendite und Risiko von Barrier Reverse Convertibles." St. Gallen, 2007. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/04602694001/$FILE/04602694001.pdf.
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Masson, Pierre-Alain. "Reverse Leveraged Buyout Understanding the Value Creation Process /." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02603603001/$FILE/02603603001.pdf.
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Lindauer, Thomas. "An Empirical Analysis of (Multi-) Barrier Reverse Convertibles." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02600518002/$FILE/02600518002.pdf.
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Blazheska, Jasna. "Insight in the thin-film pollyamide membrane structure after compaction." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401281.
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La osmosi inversa (OI) és la tecnología de membrana que proporciona el nivell més fi de separació i una de les tecnologies més prometedores per a superar el problema de l'escassetat mundial d'aigua neta. El mercat de membranes de RO està dominat per les membranes de pel·lícula fina (TFC) de poliamida. Quan s'operen a alta temperatura (max 45°C) i alta pressió (màxim 82 bar), poden patir compactació, el que resulta en una reducció de la producció de permeat (> 30%), que ha de ser compensat amb un augment de la pressió d'alimentació per satisfer els paràmetres de disseny. Això acaba resultant es un augment en el cost de l'aigua produïda i una reducció substancial de la vidua útil del producte.
L'objectiu d'aquest estudi va ser obtener una comprensió fonamental dels fenòmens de compactació i la seva implicació en el mecanisme de transport. Amb aquesta finalitat es van dur a terme una sèrie d'anàlisis, amb l'objectiu de caracteritzar: (1) la modificació de la morfologia i el gruix de cada capa a la membrana, a partir d'imatges de secció transversal com a resultat de l'alta temperatura i la pressió d'operació (2) el contingut químic de poliamida després de l'operació del procés (3) la part de la pèrdua de flux de permeabilitat deguda a la compactació de la capa de poliamida i la capa de suport, per separat, i la seva contribució a la pèrdua total de flux de membrana mitjançant l'aplicació del model de resistència en sèrie, i (4) la mida de porus (el volum del forat lliure) de la capa de poliamida seca i hidratada. Un total de 11 tècniques diferents es van aplicar per intentar revelar la informació completa.
Es van identificar diverses observacions que podrien atribuir-se a la pèrdua de permeabilitat de la membrana després de l'operació. A més, els resultats indiquen que hi ha una part considerable (~50%) de la resistència extra causant la pèrdua de flux que procedeix de la capa de poliamida, el que condueix a canvis irreversibles en el rendiment de la membrana. La causa originaria d'aquestes observacions podria ser els canvis en l'estructura de poliamida que més probablement es produeix durant l'operació en les condicions combinades d'alta pressió i alta temperatura.La osmosis inversa (OI) es la tecnología de membrana que proporciona el nivel más fino de separación y una de las tecnologías más prometedoras para superar el problema de la escasez mundial de agua limpia. El mercado de membranas de RO está dominado por las membranas de material compuesto de película fina (TFC) de poliamida. Cuando se operan a altas temperaturas (max 45°C) y alta presión (máximo 82 bar), pueden sufrir compactación, lo que resulta en una reducción de la producción de permeado (> 30%), que tiene que ser compensado con un aumento de la presión de alimentación para satisfacer los parámetros de diseño. Esto acaba resultando en un aumento en el coste del agua producida y una reducción sustancial de la vida útil del producto. El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener una comprensión fundamental de los fenómenos de compactación y su implicación en el mecanismo de transporte. Con este fin se llevaron a cabo una serie de análisis, con el objetivo de caracterizar: (1) la modificación de la morfología y el espesor de cada capa en la membrana, a partir de imágenes de sección transversal, como resultado de la alta temperatura y la presión de operación (2) el contenido químico de poliamida después de la operación del proceso (3) la parte de la pérdida de flujo de permeabilidad debido a la compactación de la capa de poliamida y la capa de soporte, por separado, y su contribución a la pérdida total de flujo de membrana mediante la aplicación del modelo de resistencia en serie, y (4) el tamaño de poro (el volumen agujero libre) de la capa de poliamida seca e hidratada. En total, 11 técnicas diferentes se aplicaron en un intento de revelar la información completa. Se identificaron varias observaciones que podrían atribuirse a la pérdida de permeabilidad de la membrana después de la operación. Además, los resultados indican que hay una parte considerable (~50%) de la resistencia extra causante la perdida de flujo que procede de la capa de poliamida, lo que conduce a cambios irreversibles en el rendimiento de la membrana. La causa raíz de estas observaciones podría ser los cambios en la estructura de poliamida, que más probablemente se produce durante la operación en las condiciones combinadas de alta presión y alta temperatura.
Reverse osmosis (RO) is the finest level of membrane-technology available and one of the most promising technologies to overcome the problem of global clean water scarcity. The RO membrane market is dominated by thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide membranes. When operated at high temperature (max 45˚C) and high pressure (max 82 bar) membranes can suffer compaction, which results in reduced permeate production (>30%) so that the feed pressure has to be increased to meet the design parameters. Ultimately these translate into an increase in the cost of the water produced and substantially lower membrane product life-time. The objective of this study was to gain fundamental understanding on the compaction phenomena and its implication to the transport mechanism. With that purpose a series of analyses were conducted with the aim of characterizing: (1) the membrane morphology and thickness of each layer in the membrane from cross sectional images as a result of high temperature and pressure operation (2) the polyamide chemical content after process operation (3) the portions of permeability flow loss due to compaction of the polyamide and support layer, separately, and their contribution to the total membrane flow loss by applying the series resistance model, and (4) the pore size (free-volume hole size) of the polyamide layer in dry and swollen hydrated state. In total 11 different techniques were applied attempting to reveal complete information. Several observations were identified that might be attributed to the permeability loss of the membrane after the operation. Moreover the results indicated that there is a sizable portion (~50%) of added resistance coming from the polyamide layer to the total flow loss of the entire composite membrane, which leads to irreversible changes in the membrane performance. The root cause for these observations might be the changes in the polyamide structure that most probably occurs during the operation at combined conditions of high pressure and high temperature.
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Asempour, Farhad. "Fabrication and Characterization of Novel Environmentally Friendly Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes for Water Desalination." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36737.
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Thin film Nanocomposite (TFN) membranes are a relatively new class of high-performance semipermeable membranes for Reverse Osmosis (RO) applications. Large scale applications of TFN membranes have not been achieved yet due to the high production cost of the nanoparticles, agglomeration of the nanoparticles in the thin polyamide matrix of the membrane, and leaching out of typically toxic inorganic nanoparticles into the downstream.
In this work, these challenges are addressed by incorporation of two different nanofillers: Cellulose NanoCrystals (CNC), and surface functionalized Halloysite NanoTubes (HNT). Amine groups, carboxylic acid groups, and the first generation of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers were used for functionalization of the HNT. CNC and HNT are environmentally friendly, low/non-toxic, abundant, and inexpensive nanoparticles with a unique size, and chemical properties. TFN membranes were synthesized via in situ interfacial polymerization of m-phenylenediamine (MPD) with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and the nanoparticles. The control Thin Film Composite (TFC) membranes, and CNC and HNT based TFN membranes were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and contact angle measurements. The antifouling capacity of CNC based membranes was investigated with a solution of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as the fouling agent. Also, the leachability of the HNT from the membranes was examined by shaking the membranes in a batch incubator for 48 h, and then tracing the leached out HNT using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Separation characteristics of the membranes were studied by desalination of synthetic brackish water with a cross flow RO filtration system. It was revealed that incorporation of functionalized HNT enhanced the permeate flux without sacrificing the salt rejection (99.1 % ± 0.1 %). Also, incorporation of 0.1% (w/v) CNC doubled the permeate flux (from 30 to 63 L/m2.h at 20 bar) without compromising the salt rejection (97.8%). At the same time, leaching out of HNT from the TFN membranes was decreased as a result of the HNT functionalization and formation of covalent bonds with the TMC. Also, antifouling properties of the CNC-TFN membranes were 11% improved in comparison with control TFC membrane.
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Nydegger, David. "From Web 2.0 to Business 2.0 Best Practices and Revenue Strategies for a New Generation of the Web /." St. Gallen, 2007. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01652890002/$FILE/01652890002.pdf.
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Howard, Christopher. "From the reverse-course policy to high-growth: japanese international film trade in the context of the Cold War." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540697.
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The aim of this thesis is to reappraise the effects of the Cold War on Japanese cinema from the immediate postwar period until the start of Japan's economic boom in the 1960s. Studies of Japanese films from this period have typically analysed the 'textual' effects of the Cold War realignment with America, patiicularly in regard to Japanese cinema's assimilation of 'humanist' values during the Occupation period. Whilst an attention to 'representational politics' remains important, my argument is that in the context of the Cold War, an analysis of the discourses and practices peliaining to 'film trade' is an equally essential framework with which to examine how co-productions, international film distribution and the Japanese film quota and remission system were all framed by power relations between Japan and America. On the one hand, despite the rhetoric of Cold War friendship offered by the MP AAlMPEA (Motion Picture Association of America/Motion Picture Export Association) it was evident that the Hollywood majors were able to exploit the relation to Japan for their own ends. This was apparent both in their handling of Japanese films overseas and in the increasing success of Hollywood films imported into Japan. Rather than this simply being an issue for the commercial sector, however, the inequality ofthis trade relationship also raises critical questions about government attitudes to film. Here the ferocity with which the MP AA attempted to circumvent Japan's film quota and remission system, often adopting threatening tactics, may seem surprising in the context of America's wider trade policies with Japan. Here Japan received 'free trade' access to American markets whilst Washington still permitted Tokyo to maintain many of its trade barriers as a means to secure Japan's Cold War allegiance. The different attitude towards' film trade is particulat)y revealing given the support for the MP AA offered by. Washington, most notably in connection with chairman Eric Johnston's argument that Hollywood cinema was an important form of what today would be called American 'soft power
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Waldkirch, Nina. "Der Trend zum Mystery-Genre in neuen Romanen und Filmadaptionen : Dan Brown, Arturo Pérez-Reverte und Wolfgang Hohlbein /." Marburg : Tectum Verl, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2996679&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Shibata, Yusuke. "High speed very thin films with reverse roll coatings : an experimental investigation of reverse roll coating of fluids using rigid and deformable rolls at high speeds." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5753.
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The objective of a coating operation is to transfer a defect free liquid film onto a continuous substrate in order to meet the requirements of the final products. Mainly two concerns govern the process. The first concern is the economics of the process and the second concern is the quality of the coated film. The economics of the process are dictated by the speed of coating and the film thickness. Clearly, higher speeds mean better productivity hence less cost of operation and thinner films are desirable because less material is being used. Quality is governed by film uniformity and integrity, indicating that the film will perform as designed. Film defects such as streaks or tiny air bubbles are indication that the film properties are not uniform rendering it unacceptable to customers. One of the most versatile coating systems to achieve thin films at high speeds is reverse roll coating which has been used for a long time all over the world. At low speed, typically 1m/s, this coating operation is inherently stable and with small gaps of order 100 microns can ii lead to film thickness of order 30-50 microns. Much research, theoretical and experimental, has been devoted to this coating flow but only at low speeds and for large gaps (>100 microns). There are no comprehensive data how very thin films, 20 microns and less (particularly lower limits in the region of 5 microns) can be achieved at high speeds, of 2 or more metres per second. This study is concerned precisely with this aim, that of investigating the effect of large speeds and small roller gaps (rollers nearly touching or in elastohydrodynamic contact) to achieve the very thin films desired by modern applications (electronics, medical and others). In order to achieve this aim, a rig was designed and built to enable to understand the effect of various coating conditions and liquid properties on the metered film thickness and coating instability. To achieve thin films at high speeds, small roll gap and low viscosity are needed, however flow instabilities will develop under these conditions. To achieve stable coating window at high speeds high surface tension is needed. It was found that the roll gap and the viscosity have complicated effect on the coating window. In the case of low viscosity liquid (7mPa.s), small roll gaps are needed, whereas in the case of high viscosity liquid (more than 30mPa.s), large gaps are needed. It was found that Weber number is better describer for ribbing instability in rigid reverse roll coating unlike in rigid forward roll coating in which capillary number is the one. In addition the potential of reverse deformable roll coating (rolls in elastohydrodynamic contact) was investigated in order to achieve much thinner films at higher speeds. As a result of the investigation of reverse deformable roll coating, it was found that there is a possibility to get much thinner stable films at much higher speeds compared to reverse rigid roll coating. The liquid transfer from an applicator roller to a PET film was investigated in this study. It was found that air stagnation at downstream meniscus and air entrainment at upstream meniscus depend on the liquid properties such as viscosity and surface tension and coating conditions such as web tension and wrap angle of web. As a result, wet film instability also depends on liquid properties and coating conditions. It was found that air stagnation causes streaks on the wet film and air entrainment caused bubbles on the wet film. To get a stable wet film, it was found that suitable viscosity and high surface tension were needed.
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Ardung, Ola. "Closed To Open Sourve GIS : First Steps In Reverse Engineering ESRI's Layer Defintion File Format." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-141150.
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Visualization of digital geographic data is often accomplished through custom symbology that is saved in a proprietary format called a layer file (.lyr). The sharing of free geographical information system (GIS) data can be limited as the symbology data is bound inthe .lyr file format. This makes it harder and more tedious to work with open software tools since it is not possible to convert or open the .lyr file in free and open GIS software and thus limits the distribution of free GIS data. The aim of this thesis is to increase the interoperability of .lyr data between proprietary and free and open GIS software. This was done by revers eengineering the .lyr file format to document the file structure and to distribute the knowledge and metadata gained from this project to the open source community. Reverse engineering the.lyr format provided a well needed metadata and documentation about the format which increases the interoperability and enable future work to continue to lessen the gap between open source and commercial software. This groundwork can therefore, enable a continued development of data interoperability between proprietary and free and open GIS software.
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Beik, Nima, Kim Bergqvist, and Jihane Karam. "Marketing in e-Commerce through the Implementation of the Service Perspective : A Case Study of the Start-Up Firm - EarnBidWin.com." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18232.
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This Thesis will begin by highlighting the significance of social media networks and e-Commerce in today’s business environment. The purpose of this paper is to develop an external marketing strategy that can be employed by start-up firms operating in the e-Commerce of reverse auction sites. The paper will particularly focus on the company EarnBidWin.com and the marketing strategy will be based on the Service Perspective. EarnBidWin.com is an online reverse auction site that is new and unique compared to other existing models of reverse auction. EarnBidWin.com is a web-based advertising and networking platform that features e-Campaigns (performance-based advertising) and reverse auctions. EarnBidWin.com’s unique business model within a social-business network offers a win-win situation for all parties concerned. A qualitative research method is conducted by using a case study. The data is gathered through the primary source of interviews with the CEO of the company, along with the secondary source of extensive academic literature. Finally, the results are presented in a discussion of a proposed marketing strategy based on the combination of the Service Perspective and the Critical Success Factors of high growth start-up firms in the e-Commerce arena.
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Tettamanti, Silvano. "Möglichkeiten und Grenzen eines "Reverse-Mentoring"-Konzepts Untersuchung am Beispiel von Professional Services Unternehmen in der Schweiz /." St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02601193001/$FILE/02601193001.pdf.
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Najafi, Tavani Zhaleh. "Mediating effects in reverse knowledge transfer processes : the case of knowledge-intensive services in the U.K." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/mediating-effects-in-reverse-knowledge-transfer-processes-the-case-of-knowledgeintensive-services-in-the-uk(05716680-d748-498e-b464-cb3be9867e6d).html.
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Recent contributions highlight the importance of international knowledge transfer as a fundamental source of competitive advantage of MNCs. Due to the traditional assumption that parent firms are the prime source of knowledge, majority of studies have focused on knowledge transfer from headquarters to subsidiaries. However, the role of subsidiaries within MNCs has changed dramatically; many subsidiaries have gained a creative role by generating new resources depending on the comparative advantage of the location in which they operate, and through the process of reverse knowledge transfer, they subsequently contribute to the competence upgrading of the MNC. In reviewing the extant literature on MNC knowledge transfer and in particular reverse knowledge transfer, this research unleashes several gaps, notably in the understanding of factor affecting subsidiary knowledge development and reverse knowledge transfer within the service sector. Borrowing concepts from the knowledge-based and network views, a series of hypotheses were tested using the result of a web-based survey of the subsidiaries that were located in the UK, had a non-UK parent firm, and were active in the KIBS sector. Responses from 187 general managers, managing directors, or chief executives of subsidiaries confirm that those subsidiaries that develop and maintain business relationships with their internal (sister subsidiaries and headquarters) and external actors (customers, universities, suppliers, competitors) and have high level of autonomy are more capable of developing knowledge. With regards to determinants of reverse knowledge transfer, while subsidiary characteristics (knowledge development and willingness) and relationship characteristics (socialization mechanisms) are emerged as the main facilitators of reverse knowledge transfer, knowledge characteristics (tacitness and complexity) appeared as the main hindrances of this phenomenon. Moreover, the results indicate that, (a) socialisation mechanisms augment the extent of shared values and subsidiary-parent firm embeddedness and (b) willingness mediates the impacts of shared values and subsidiary-parent firm embeddedness on reverse knowledge transfer. The key contributions of this research are two-fold: firstly, it examines the process of reverse knowledge transfer and knowledge development exclusively within the KIBS sector. Secondly, it investigates the joint impacts of relationship characteristics, knowledge characteristics, and subsidiary (sender) characteristicson reverse knowledge transfer.
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Blechschmidt, Florian Alexander [Verfasser], and Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Brauer. "Three Essays on Corporate Restructuring : how to effectively reverse declining firm performance / Florian Alexander Blechschmidt ; Betreuer: Matthias Brauer." Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162840625/34.
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Bowers, Brian N. (Brian Norris) 1974. "Enhancing the lean enterprise through supply chain design : establishing remarketing and reverse logistics at a high tech firm." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84360.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 82-83).
by Brian N. Bowers.
S.M.
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Shim, Jeung Bo. "The Effects of Merger and Acquisition on the Price of Insurance and Firm Performance in the U.S. Property-Liability Insurance Industry." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/rmi_diss/17.
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Although the economic motivation and efficiency effects of mergers and acquisitions (M & As) in the insurance industry have been discussed, none of the prior studies have addressed the relationship between M & A activity and insurance price change. In addition, little is known about the effect of diversification on the differences in insurance price across lines. The main objective of the dissertation is to provide evidence on these issues. A secondary objective is to investigate the relationship between M & A activity and insurer’s efficiency and financial performance. We also examine various firm characteristics that affect insurance price differences across lines and that influence insurer’s efficiency and performance. We conduct fixed effects model regressions to test our hypotheses using unbalanced panel data over the sample period 1989-2004. The empirical tests indicate that the price of insurance for newly formed insurers decreases following the M & As and diversified insurers charge lower prices than less diversified firms. Our result is consistent with one possible explanation that acquiring insurers reduce overall underwriting risks and more efficiently manage the frictional costs of capital through geographic and/or product line diversification by engaging in the M & As and therefore gain a competitive advantage in pricing. Our analysis also reveals a number of other interesting results. We find that insurance price is positively related to marginal capital allocation and inversely related to firm insolvency put value, suggesting the importance of incorporating insolvency risk and marginal capital costs in pricing lines of insurance business. We also find that the price of insurance is inversely related to cost efficiency, consistent with the efficiency structure hypothesis. However, the market share variable is not significant, implying that market power that can arise from M & A activity may not be a big concern for insurance regulators. In the analysis of efficiency and financial performance, we provide evidence that acquirers’ overall cost and revenue efficiency and financial performances decrease following M & As. We also find that more focused insurers outperform the diversified insurers.
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Kposowa, Kaitor. "The Financial Success of Franchise Film Sequels: An Exploration of the Relationship of Budget, Personnel Factors, and Reviews with Sequel Return on Investment." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1429187596.
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Siggeson, Paulina, and Frank Isabella. "Biosuccé : En producents finansiella strategier." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-29474.
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Bakgrund: Filmklimatet har gjort det svårt för producenter att nå lönsamhet och fånga en stor biopublik. Under 2014 var det 78 % av svensk film som gick med förlust. Filmbranschen har genomgått stora förändringar till följd av digitaliseringen, där den nya tekniken har resulterat i en stor flexibilitet som har medfört att biograferna snabbare kan svara på biopublikens efterfrågan. Filmer kan numera snabbt plockas bort från biorepertoaren. Det har resulterat i att gapet mellan filmer som går bra och filmer som går dåligt har ökat. Aktörer talar om en bransch som präglas av turbulens, osäkerhet och risktagande, där den primära inkomstkällan för producenter är intäkter som genereras från bio. Producenters strategiska val blir allt viktigare för en films överlevnad. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilka strategiska val en producent kan använda sig av för att en film ska erhålla höga intäkter och nå lönsamhet. Metod: Studien använder sig av en kvantitativ metod som utgår från en deduktiv ansats där 111 filmer har studerats genom regressionsanalyser. Resultat: Studien har identifierat att budget och huvudrollsinnehavare påverkar en films intäkter. Det går det inte att urskilja vilka strategier som leder till att en film blir lönsamhet.
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Boucher-Sharma, Anuradha P. "The effect of the substrate membrane on the performance of sulfonated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) - polyetherimide thin film composite membranes for low-pressure reverse osmosis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0016/MQ57089.pdf.
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Triana, Carlos A. "Atomic short-range order, optical and electronic properties of amorphous transition metal oxides : An experimental and theoretical study of amorphous titanium aTiO2 and tungsten aWO3 solid thin-film oxides." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fasta tillståndets fysik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-318193.
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Amorphous transition metal oxides [aTMOs], have emerged as innovative functional materials for wide-ranging electronic, optical and energy-related applications. However, no systematic and broadly applicable method exists to assess their atomic-scale correlations, and since the optical and electronic processes are local structure-dependent, still there are not well-stablished mechanisms that suitably explain the physical properties of aTMOs. This thesis presents experimental and theoretical studies of the atomic short-range order, optical and electronic properties, and state-defects induced by Li+-ion-intercalation and oxygen-vacancies in amorphous titanium aTiO2 and tungsten aWO3 thin-film oxides. Those properties play a key role for application in high energy-density Li+-ion batteries and in switchable dynamical modulation of solar-irradiation transmittance for energy efficient "smart windows", where the disorder-dependent Li+-ion-intercalation and oxygen-vacancy-induced defect-states influence charge-carrier transfer mechanisms. After introducing the scope of this thesis, the fundamental theoretical concepts describing the experimental findings on amorphous solids are reviewed. Thereafter, a comprehensive analysis on the optical absorption phenomena experimentally observed in oxygen-deficient and Li+-ion-intercalated aLixTiO2−y and aLixWO3−y thin-films and a discussion on the electrochromic properties are presented. The optical absorption is described in the framework of the small polaron absorption model. Finally, a state-of-the-art systematic procedure involving theory and experiment in a self-consistent computational framework is implemented to unveil the atomic-scale structure of aTiO2 and aWO3, and its role for the electronic properties. The procedure is based in Reverse Monte Carlo [RMC] and Finite Difference Method [FDM] simulations of X-ray-Absorption spectra to construct a disordered theoretical model having the same bonding and coordination distribution as the experimental system. Ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory are then used to assess defect-states induced by Li+-ion-intercalation and oxygen-vacancies in aTiO2 and aWO3 oxides. The schemes introduced in this study offer a consistent route to experimentally and theoretically assess the role of the atomic-scale structure on the optical and electronic properties of aTiO2 and aWO3 and could be extended to the study of other aTMOs. The final results provide crucial insight towards the understanding of optical and electronic mechanisms where disorder-dependent ion-intercalation and oxygen-vacancy-induced localized defect-states influence charge transfer mechanisms of crucial importance for wide ranging optical and energy-related application of aTiO2 and aWO3 oxides.
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Grenville, David Paul. "A critical analysis of the practical man principle in Commissioner for Inland Revenue v Lever Brothers and Unilever Ltd." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013238.
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This research studies the practical person principle as it was introduced in the case of Commissioner for Inland Revenue v Lever Brothers and Unilever Ltd 1946 AD 441. In its time the Lever Brothers case was a seminal judgment in South Africa’s tax jurisprudence and the practical person principle was a decisive criterion for the determination of source of income. The primary goal of this research was a critical analysis the practical man principle. This involved an analysis of the extent to which this principle requires judges to adopt a criterion that is too flexible for legitimate judicial decision-making. The extent to which the practical person principle creates a clash between a philosophical approach to law and an approach that is based on common sense or practicality was also debated. Finally, it was considered whether adopting a philosophical approach to determining the source of income could overcome the problems associated with the practical approach. A doctrinal methodology was applied to the documentary data consisting of the South African and Australian Income Tax Acts, South African and other case law, historical records and the writings of scholars. From the critical analysis of the practical person principle it was concluded that the anthropomorphised form of the principle gives rise to several problems that may be overcome by looking to the underlying operation of the principle. Further analysis of this operation, however, revealed deeper problems in that the principle undermines the doctrine of judicial precedent, legal certainty and the rule of law. Accordingly a practical approach to determining the source of income is undesirable and unconstitutional. Further research was conducted into the relative merits of a philosophical approach to determining source of income and it was argued that such an approach could provide a more desirable solution to determining source of income as well as approaching legal problems more generally.
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Arnett, Natalie Yolanda. "Synthesis and Characterization of Disulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone) Random Copolymers as Multipurpose Membranes for Reverse Osmosis and Fuel Cell Applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26662.
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The results described in this dissertation focus on the synthesis and utilization of several disulfonated poly(arylene ether) random copolymer membranes in fuel cell and reverse osmosis applications. Poly(arylene ether)s were prepared by direct step copolymerization using a third monomer 3,3–-disulfonated 4,4–-dichlorodiphenylsulfone. The membrane properties of a 4,4–-biphenol-based disulfonated poly (arylene ether sulfone) random copolymer (BPS-35), optionally blended with various fluorine containing polymers or unsulfonated biphenol-based poly (arylene ether sulfone)s (Radel R) were investigated for fuel cell applications. Fluorine containing copolymers used included with 2,2–-hexafluoroisopropylidene 4,4–-biphenol based unsulfonated (6F-00) or disulfonated (6FS-35 and 6FS-60) PAES, hexafluoroisopropylidene biphenol based 4,4–-difluoro phenyl phosphine oxide) (6FPPO), and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (Kynar®). Tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM) images of the membranes with 10 wt% of fluorinated copolymers showed macroscopic phase separation. Good miscibility between the copolymers at low concentrations was also confirmed by the observation of only one glass transition temperature. Compared to the benchmark Nafion 1135, the 10wt% blends of the fluorinated copolymers afforded a considerable reduction in the methanol permeabilities, which is important for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). The best DMFC performance with 0.5 M methanol fuel was illustrated with blends containing 10 wt% 6FS-00. At higher methanol concentrations (up to 2.0 M) BPS-35/6FS-00 (90/10) membranes outperformed both Nafion membranes.
Blends of BPS-35 blends with 6FS-35 or Radel R were also used as RO membranes. The highest salt rejections of 97.2 and 98.0% were obtained from BPS35/Radel R (90:10) and BPS-35/6FS-35 (95:5) blends, respectively in the salt form.
A systematic study of the preparation of BPS-20 random copolymer skin-core asymmetric membranes by diffusion induced phase separation (DIPS) from various polar aprotic solvent or cosolvent systems is reported. The best aprotic solvents to generate an asymmetric structure were NMP and DMAc whereas tetrahydrofuran (THF)/ formamide (FAm) (80/20 v/v) mixtures proved to be the best co-solvent systems. Acetone was the best non-solvent to prepare asymmetric membranes from both aprotic solvents and co-solvent mixtures. Overall, asymmetric membranes prepared from THF/FAm co-solvent mixtures illustrated the most stable phase separated morphology that was free of macrovoids. However, thicker skins (~5 μM) were formed due to the high volatility of THF. Therefore, ultra-thin skin thin film composites (TFC) based on BPS-20 in diethylene glycol (Di(EG) were prepared. Thermal treatment of these TFC was conducted at 90 °C and the addition of 20 wt% glycerin to the casting formulation helped to prevent pore collapse in the porous Udel polysulfone. A minimum of three coats was required to obtain a dense, smooth, and pinhole free skin layer. The generation of three dimensional (ternary) solubility parameter phase diagrams based on experimental data was formulated and a region of solubility based on the solubility parameters of the aprotic solvents and the different co-solvent systems was established for BPS-20.Ph. D.
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Ingen, Housz Maarten. "Using the sociotechnical systems approach for analysing nondeterministic project progress: a conceptual exploration : A conceptual exploration." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190865.
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This thesis proposes the use of a sociotechnical systems approach for analysing project management in nondeterministic project progress. The academic context of the research covers the domain of general systems theory, more specifically sociotechnical systems, and that of project management. The empirical part of the research comprises of a questionnaire spread amongst project managers in technical service firms in the built environment sector. The research shows that there are research opportunities in project management to which the sociotechnical approach to temporary project organisations can contribute.
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Urbánek, Jakub. "Vývoj hospodaření sportovních klubů v letech 2006 - 2014 ve Velké Británii v souvislosti s průběhem hospodářského cyklu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193118.
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The main aim of this thesis is to verify whether the economic cycles have an impact on the economic situation of professional football clubs in the United Kingdom. The reference period are the years 2006 to 2014, which include the recent economic crisis. In the theoretical part, sports club are defined as a firm in accordance with behavioral theory which was selected as the most suitable. Analyzed are the specifics of functioning of sports clubs, such as the method of determining the club's goals. These are among sports clubs, unlike conventional businesses, based on the principle of utility maximization. Furthermore, sporting markets are described, and considered a sports cartel. Described are also different ways of financing of sports clubs, and as the most important nowadays are chosen: gate receipts, broadcasting revenues and sponsorship. As the part of the thesis, the substantial positive effects of analyzed Premier League on the British society is described. These include big tax revenues for the government of United Kingdom. In the 2013, those tax revenues reached 1.3 billion pounds. The practical part of the thesis characterizes Premier League, and subsequently also the selected football clubs, and especially their economic development in the reference period. The data obtained are then coupled with the economic development of United Kingdom. Data reveal that neither club revenues, nor expenses were affected by the economic crisis. Similarly, there was not registered any effect of the crisis on the wages of the clubs employees, nor on the number of staff employed by the clubs.
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Rakov, Artem. "Unfolding the Assemblage : Towards an Archaeology of 3D Systems." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Filmvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182425.
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Recent scholarship around the topic of 3D mainly deals with the visual developments that have occurred in the medium during the 21st century. A common perception in these strands of research is that in comparison to the production workflows employed in the analogue era, the 3D compositions that are being crafted through the aid of the ever-evolving digital technology have made 3D develop for the better. Yet a question that nevertheless remains is how the technology itself employed to craft these compositions has evolved. Rather than focusing on the visual developments, the primary aim of this thesis is to render visible the processes and operations of the stereoscopic technology employed to realise this 3D imagery in the first place. Utilising a media archaeological approach indebted to Wolfgang Ernst’s notion of “reverse engineering” technical media objects, I intend to analyse the primary technical components of digital and analogue 3D recording, projection and viewing devices utilised in the production of stereoscopic motion pictures. Moreover, Jonathan Crary’s writings on “the observer” will be used to highlight the important role of the human subject in relation to these binocular media technologies. I conclude that despite the varying production contexts and traditions the digital and analogue formats have been developed in, the primary methods and techniques that characterise digital 3D recording, projection and viewing systems are not specifications simply invented from scratch during the digital age. Through close scrutiny of the stereoscopic systems’ configurations with the aid of Ernst’s media archaeological approach, we are able to trace these supposed developments of the digital age back to the 19th century, when 3D was first realised.
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SILVA, Igor Monteiro. "Entre lógicas e astúcias: a poética da vingança num certo Abril despedaçado." http://www.teses.ufc.br, 2009. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/1469.
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SILVA, Igor Monteiro. Entre lógicas e astúcias: a poética da vingança num certo Abril Despedaçado. 2009. 121 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Sociologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2009.Submitted by nazareno mesquita (nazagon36@yahoo.com.br) on 2011-12-04T11:43:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_dis_IMS.pdf: 2911949 bytes, checksum: 49acd8c27ae13415ad1e370e9914baa3 (MD5)
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About the tension between the institutions and their "users", about strategic calls and tactical deviations, about logics and cunnings, it´s that the present work seeks be structured. Having as reference Michel de Certeau´s conceptions, this dissertation takes Abril Despedaçado film as a investigation field, trying to think about revenge practices and their effects on them involved in the family contentions. Therefore, know that does such practice an institution, analyze their constituent elements and, above all, examine the ways like it is consumed by the habitants of Riacho das Almas - place of the interior baiano, stage of the conflict between Breves and Ferreiras -, are the main objectives. The "reflexivity" made possible by the estrangement and, consequently, the interpellation of the protagonists of the death cycle, is here a reflection object too. It is important to say, that this present work leaves of the idea that the cinema, as aesthetic experience, supplies tracks for understanding the social and cultural world.
RESUMO Sobre a tensão estabelecida entre as instituições e seus “usuários”, sobre as chamadas estratégicas e os desvios táticos, sobre lógicas e astúcias é que o presente trabalho visa a se erigir. Tendo como referencial as concepções de Michel de Certau, esta dissertação toma o filme Abril Despedaçado como terreno de investigação sócio-antropológica, procurando refletir acerca das práticas de vingança e de seus efeitos sobre os envolvidos nas contendas familiares. Assim, saber o que faz de tal prática uma instituição, analisar seus elementos constituintes e, sobretudo, examinar as maneiras como ela é consumida pelos habitantes de Riacho das Almas - localidade do sertão baiano, palco do conflito entre os Breves e o Ferreira -, são os principais objetivos. A “reflexividade” possibilitada pelo distanciamento e, conseqüente, a auto-interpelação dos protagonistas do ciclo de morte, também é aqui objeto de reflexão. É importante destacar, ainda, que o presente trabalho parte da idéia de que o cinema, enquanto experiência estética, fornece pistas para compreensão do mundo sócio-cultural.
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Ferry, Marin. "Four Essays on Financing for Development." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED065/document.
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Cette thèse propose une analyse empirique de deux stratégies majeures du financement du développement; les annulations de dette et la mobilisation des ressources domestiques. Les trois premiers chapitres tentent d'analyser les effets des annulations de dette du début des années 2000 sur les finances publiques et les possibilités de réendettement des gouvernements bénéficiaires. Nos résultats montrent que les annulations de dette concédées via les initiatives PPTE et IADM ont permis d'améliorer significativement la composition budgétaire des gouvernements récipiendaires et de diversifier leurs sources de financement. Néanmoins, d'autres résultats mettent en lumière l'existence d'un aléa moral induit par ces initiatives, nécessitant ainsi une surveillance accrue des politiques budgétaires, notamment une fois l'annulation de dette octroyée. Enfin, le quatrième chapitre tente de revisiter la relation entre fiscalité et croissance en adoptant une approche macro-micro à l'aide de données de firmes. Notre analyse montre que la fiscalité est bénéfique à l'activité des entreprise, en particulier celles des pays à faible revenu. Par ailleurs, d'autres résultats suggèrent que cet effet est renforcé lorsque ces mêmes firmes font face à une faible corruption, réitérant ainsi la nécessité pour les pays en développement d'établir un environnement économique et politique sainThis thesis aims at investigating empirically the effects of two financing strategies for low-income countries; debt relief and taxation. The first three chapters focus on the consequences of debt relief for public finance and new external financing. Results show that cancellations granted under the multilateral debt relief initiatives have been beneficial for recipient countries by significantly improving the composition of their budget and widening financing opportunities. However, findings also underline the risk of moral hazard stemming from these initiatives which thus calls for continuous sound fiscal management, especially after debt relief. Lastly, the fourth chapter revisits the taxation-growth nexus adopting a macro-micro approach. Using firm-level data in developing countries our findings suggest that taxation is favorable to firms' activity, especially when firms operate in poor countries characterized by a significant lack of infrastructure. Moreover, this effect of taxation seems to be maximal in the absence of corruption, hence reaffirming the need for healthy and enabling economic and political environments in developing countries
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Scarlato, Michele. "Sicurezza di rete, analisi del traffico e monitoraggio." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3223/.
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Il lavoro è stato suddiviso in tre macro-aree.
Una prima riguardante un'analisi teorica di come funzionano le intrusioni, di quali software vengono utilizzati per compierle, e di come proteggersi (usando i dispositivi che in termine generico si possono riconoscere come i firewall).
Una seconda macro-area che analizza un'intrusione avvenuta dall'esterno verso dei server sensibili di una rete LAN.
Questa analisi viene condotta sui file catturati dalle due interfacce di rete configurate in modalità promiscua su una sonda presente nella LAN.
Le interfacce sono due per potersi interfacciare a due segmenti di LAN aventi due maschere
di sotto-rete differenti. L'attacco viene analizzato mediante vari software.
Si può infatti definire una terza parte del lavoro, la parte dove vengono analizzati i file
catturati dalle due interfacce con i software che prima si occupano di analizzare i dati di
contenuto completo, come Wireshark, poi dei software che si occupano di analizzare i dati di
sessione che sono stati trattati con Argus, e infine i dati di tipo statistico che sono stati trattati
con Ntop.
Il penultimo capitolo, quello prima delle conclusioni, invece tratta l'installazione di Nagios, e
la sua configurazione per il monitoraggio attraverso plugin dello spazio di disco rimanente su
una macchina agent remota, e sui servizi MySql e DNS. Ovviamente Nagios può essere
configurato per monitorare ogni tipo di servizio offerto sulla rete.
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Chuang, Hsuan-Wei, and 莊絢維. "A Critique Essay on the Graduation Film REVENGE." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x25w3r.
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碩士國立臺北藝術大學
電影創作學系碩士班
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Revenge is a twenty-five minute short film premiered in the Kaohsiung Film Festival on 2nd November 2014. It tells the story of a man who lost his wife and child in a car accident. When he encounters the man who caused the accident six years later, he decides to give up everything to seek revenge. The road to revenge, however, leads him to a deeper understanding of fate. In this essay, an analysis of theme, genre and creative process is carried out. In terms of theme, two films, 21 Grams (2003) and The Place Beyond the Pines (2012) serve as important reference. The commonalities of the films, the presentation of characters'' emotional states, and the transience of life are discussed. When analyzing the genre, Blue Ruin (2013) and Revanche (2008), two tragic dramas similar to Revenge are cited for comparison. Every aspect of the creative process of Revenge, including scriptwriting, acting, cinematography, lighting, production design, costume design, editing and music, is thoroughly analyzed. In the last section, an examination of this production is done and suggestions for future improvement are proposed.
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Turner, Rachel. "The Rhetoric of Rape-Revenge Films: Analyzing Violent Female Portrayals in Media from a Narrative Perspective of Standpoint Feminism." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/17424.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)In this study, narrative analysis, informed by the perspective of standpoint feminism, is applied to movies featuring female protagonists throughout the past five decades of the “rape and revenge” genre of filmmaking to understand the extent to which probability and fidelity function in these five films to create empathy for the victims of sexual violence. Narrative criticism is used to assess motives behind stories told in media texts, while standpoint feminism illuminates epistemological implications to cultivate intersectional viewpoints. This study provides a narrative analysis through standpoint feminism of five films that each consider female portrayals of violence as a central part of its plot. Each film represents their respective time frames over the past five decades, falls under the criteria of what constitutes a “rape and revenge” film, have been viewed overall by mainstream audiences as films that are relatively well known, and portrays women as protagonists in the plot lines. Using the theoretical insights of narrative criticism, this study investigates the common themes observed in the films that fit these specific criteria to illuminate violent female portrayals in film and identify the extent to which probability and fidelity function in these five films to create empathy for the victims of sexual violence. Standpoint feminism provides the framework to reveal the broader cultural implications of violent rhetoric in gendered media portrayals of films from the past five decades featuring female protagonists.