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Journal articles on the topic 'Revenue à vie'
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1
Roughgarden, Tim, Inbal Talgam-Cohen, and Qiqi Yan. "Robust Auctions for Revenue via Enhanced Competition." Operations Research 68, no. 4 (July 2020): 1074–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.2019.1929.
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In “Robust Auctions for Revenue via Enhanced Competition,” T. Roughgarden, I. Talgam-Cohen, and Q. Yan revisit the classic Bulow–Klemperer result. This result compares the revenues of two well-known auction formats: the welfare-maximizing Vickrey auction and the revenue-maximizing Myerson auction. It shows that, with an extra bidder competing for the item, the Vickrey auction becomes as good as the Myerson auction in terms of revenue while maintaining independence from prior distributional information about bidders’ valuations. Unfortunately, Myerson’s toolbox for revenue-optimal auction design does not extend to combinatorial auctions with multiple heterogenous items, for which optimizing revenue remains a challenge—especially if we want auction designs that are simple and robust enough to use in practice. This paper extends the Bulow–Klemperer result to multiple heterogenous items by showing that a prior-independent, simple, welfare-maximizing auction with additional competing bidders achieves as much revenue as the ill-understood optimal auction.
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Li, Zhuoshu, and Sanmay Das. "Revenue Enhancement via Asymmetric Signaling in Interdependent-Value Auctions." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 2093–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012093.
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We consider the problem of designing the information environment for revenue maximization in a sealed-bid second price auction with two bidders. Much of the prior literature has focused on signal design in settings where bidders are symmetrically informed, or on the design of optimal mechanisms under fixed information structures. We study commonand interdependent-value settings where the mechanism is fixed (a second-price auction), but the auctioneer controls the signal structure for bidders. We show that in a standard common-value auction setting, there is no benefit to the auctioneer in terms of expected revenue from sharing information with the bidders, although there are effects on the distribution of revenues. In an interdependent-value model with mixed private- and common-value components, however, we show that asymmetric, information-revealing signals can increase revenue.
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EKHOSUEHI, VIRTUE U., and AUGUSTINE A. OSAGIEDE. "A PROPOSED FORMULA FOR HORIZONTAL REVENUE ALLOCATION IN NIGERIA." Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 29, no. 06 (December 2012): 1250033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217595912500339.
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In this study, we have applied optimal control theory to determine the optimum value of tax revenues accruing to a state given the range of budgeted expenditure on enforcing tax laws and awareness creation on the payment of the correct tax. This is achieved by maximizing the state's net tax revenue over a fixed time interval subject to certain constraints. By assuming that the satisfaction derived by the Federal Government of Nigeria on the ability of the individual states to generate tax revenue which is as near as the optimum tax revenue (via the state's control problem) is described by the logarithmic form of the Cobb–Douglas utility function, a formula for horizontal revenue allocation in Nigeria in its raw form is derived. Afterwards, we illustrate the use of the proposed horizontal revenue allocation formula using hypothetical data.
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Langlois, Simon. "L'impact du double revenu sur la structure des besoins dans les ménages." Articles 25, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 211–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/056093ar.
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Une nouvelle forme de stratification socio-économique apparaît, dans les ménages familiaux, entre les ménages à simple et à double revenu, résultat inattendu de l'activité professionnelle des deux conjoints. La structure de la consommation et le niveau des dépenses, classées selon les types d'objets de consommation et la fonctionnalité, sont largement modifiés, d'abord par la hausse du niveau de vie consécutive à l'arrivée d'un second revenu. Mais le double revenu a aussi plusieurs effets spécifiques sur les budgets, qui les marquent de façon différente selon la présence de certaines caractéristiques, dont l'âge du chef de ménage et le mode d'occupation du logement. Deux modèles de restructuration des budgets sont observables. Le premier privilégie la fonction habitation, ce qui contraint les autres fonctions de consommation. Dans le second modèle, les fonctions loisirs et transports, de même que les dépenses pour l'intérieur du foyer augmentent leur poids dans les budgets. Cette restructuration est fonction de deux styles de vie fort différenciés, observables dans les ménages à deux revenus.
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Guénard, Charlotte. "Revenus sur le cycle de vie et inégalités entre générations : une analyse sur des données biographiques malgaches." Articles 33, no. 2 (August 18, 2005): 201–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/011205ar.
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Sur la période 1960-1995, on observe une chute des niveaux de vie de 45 % dans la capitale malgache, Antananarivo. Dans ce contexte fortement récessif, l’analyse menée tente de mettre en évidence des effets d’âge et de génération dans l’évolution des niveaux de vie d’individus appartenant à trois générations successives. Sur la base de l’appariement de deux enquêtes réalisées en 1998 à Antananarivo dans le cadre du projet MADIO — une enquête biographique et une enquête emploi —, ce travail consiste à élaborer une méthode d’estimation des revenus sur le cycle de vie afin de déterminer si les jeunes Tananariviens, plus nombreux et plus instruits, disposent de revenus inférieurs ou supérieurs à ceux de leurs aînés au même âge. Il s’agit également d’identifier les principaux déterminants des revenus et de mesurer les inégalités entre les individus ou les cohortes sur la période 1968-1998. Les résultats montrent que les jeunes générations, qui s’insèrent plus tard dans la vie active mais de manière plus stable grâce à des opportunités d’emplois formels, voient leur profil de revenu s’améliorer par rapport aux générations qui les précèdent. Cela confirme la spécificité des inflexions en cours sur le marché du travail urbain malgache comparativement à d’autres évolutions en milieu urbain africain, notamment à travers le processus de reformalisation des emplois.
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Krishnan, Gopal V., and Wei Yu. "Do Small Firms Benefit from Auditor Attestation of Internal Control Effectiveness?" AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 31, no. 4 (June 1, 2012): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-50238.
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SUMMARY While auditor attestation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (ICFR) is required for firms with a public float of at least $75 million (accelerated filers), the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has delayed auditor attestation for non-accelerated filers several times. The Dodd-Frank Act of 2010 exempts non-accelerated filers from auditor attestation. We examine the relation between auditor attestation and revenue quality for a sample of non-accelerated filers and small accelerated filers. We find that discretionary (abnormal) revenues, our proxy for revenue quality, are lower by about 1.5 percent of total assets for accelerated filers relative to non-accelerated filers. This finding holds even among firms whose management has certified their ICFR to be effective. Overall, the findings support the notion that auditor attestation of the effectiveness of ICFR benefits small accelerated filers via higher revenue quality. We believe our findings are timely and potentially informative to regulators, investors, and others.
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KUZNYETSOVA, ANZHELA YA, LIUDMYLA S. ZAKHARKINA, VOLODYMYR M. NOVIKOV, and RUSLANA YU CHUKHNO. "Formation of Financial Self-Sufficiency for Local Budgets in Ukraine: Problems and Prospects of Increasing the Revenue Base." Mechanism of an Economic Regulation, no. 3 (2020): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mer.2020.89.01.
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The guarantee for stable development of the local community's well-being creates conditions to ensure the financial self-sufficiency for local budgets. Today it is urgent to improve the theoretical and practical approaches to forming the local budget revenue to ensure the necessary financial self-sufficiency level for local budgets. Thus, the purpose of this research is to investigate the level of financial self-sufficiency for local budgets in Ukraine in 1998−2019 by analyzing the revenue side of these budgets. The research used methods of economic, systemic, and structural dynamic analysis. The paper compares different approaches to defining the concept of “financial self-sufficiency for local budgets”. It is determined that the community's success depends on the level of its financial self-sufficiency, which is possible only when the community has financial resources fully to implement local budgets in terms of expenditures. Structural and dynamic analysis of the local budget revenue in Ukraine for 1998-2019 is carried out to assess the level of financial self-sufficiency for local budgets in Ukraine as a whole. The study results indicate the state measures correctness in the reforming of the local taxation system in 2010 and budget decentralization in 2015. However, these measures must be fully implemented and systemic. Conclusions: the composition and structure of the revenues of the local budgets are continually changing, due to the constant changes in the tax system of Ukraine and the state’s efforts to solve the problem of generating local budget revenues, not due to the development of local taxation, but via official transfers. In such conditions, the self-sufficiency of local budgets does not receive the appropriate level. Local budgets are formed on the principle of minimum execution. However, the local taxation system development and the significant increase in tax revenues from local taxes since 2015 allow us to make optimistic forecasts for the growth of the financial self-sufficiency level for local budgets in the future. Keywords: self-sufficiency, community, budget, taxes.
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Nnyanzi, John Bosco, John Mayanja Bbale, and Richard Sendi. "Financial Development and Tax Revenue: How Catalytic Are Political Development and Corruption?" International Journal of Economics and Finance 10, no. 8 (July 4, 2018): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v10n8p92.
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Increasing domestic revenue mobilization remains a challenge for many governments, particularly in low-income countries. Using a sample of East African countries, the study sets off to investigate the impact of financial development from a multi-dimensional perspective on tax revenues for the period 1990 to 2014, and how political development and the control of corruption would enhance the observed nexus. The dynamic panel results from the system GMM estimation approach indicate a significant role of financial development overall and the financial institutions and financial markets in particular. A disaggregation of the duo suggests that it is the depth of financial institutions that greatly matters for tax revenue, with a one per cent change expected to yield about 0.26 per cent change in tax collections. It is then followed by their level of accessibility, financial market depth and efficiency. We fail to find significant evidence in support of financial market access and financial institutions efficiency although the possibility for the latter seems indismissible. Further evidence points to the catalytic nature of a good institutional and political environment in pursuit of higher tax-GDP ratio via financial development. Policies to promote the depth and accessibility of financial institutions as well the depth and efficiency of financial markets in East Africa alongside well-focused anti-corruption programs and democratic governance are likely to yield better fiscal outcomes in terms of domestic tax revenues critically needed to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We also confirm the positive role played by the lagged tax revenue, per capita GDP, trade openness, debt-to-GDP ratio and population density in the tax effort.
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Zhu, Nong, and Cécile Batisse. "L’inégalité, la pauvreté et l’intégration économique des immigrants au Canada depuis les années quatre-vingt-dix." Articles 87, no. 3 (June 1, 2012): 227–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1009276ar.
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Le changement de la composition ethnique et sociale des immigrants combiné à une segmentation du marché du travail et à un nouvel environnement économique depuis les années quatre-vingt conduit à une nouvelle inégalité des chances sur le marché du travail et à des disparités de performance économique des immigrants. Une partie d’entre eux ne peuvent s’extraire de la pauvreté. À partir de données de recensements, la présente étude vise à analyser ces différentes formes d’inégalité et à en préciser les sources parmi les migrants originaires des pays du Sud au Canada depuis les années quatre-vingt-dix. Une discrimination apparaît à travers un niveau de revenu inférieur à celui des autres groupes et une inégalité de revenu plus importante. Par ailleurs, le rendement du capital humain de ces immigrants a diminué entre 1996 et 2006. Enfin, l’analyse souligne le rôle important de l’emploi et des revenus du travail dans l’augmentation du niveau de vie des immigrants. Les politiques visant à améliorer le bien-être social et l’insertion des immigrants doivent donc se centrer sur l’amélioration du niveau de revenu et l’augmentation du taux d’emploi.
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Porter, J. David, David S. Kim, Hector A. Vergara, Jim Whitty, Jack Svadlenak, Norman C. Larsen, Charles B. Sexton, and Darel F. Capps. "Development and Performance Evaluation of a Revenue Collection System Based on Vehicle Miles Traveled." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1932, no. 1 (January 2005): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193200102.
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The State of Oregon is heavily dependent on fuel tax revenues to maintain roads. Several technological developments, including the introduction and use of more fuel-efficient vehicles, will have a dramatic effect on fuel tax revenues in the near future. In response to these trends, Oregon House Bill 3946 mandates that the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) begin implementing pilot systems to test alternatives to the current system of taxing highway use through fuel taxes. The Road User Fee Task Force (RUFTF) was created as part of the bill with the mission of “developing a revenue collection design funded through user pay methods, acceptable and visible to the public, that ensures a flow of revenue sufficient to annually maintain, preserve and improve Oregon's state, county and city highway and road system.” One alternative being considered by the RUFTF employs a fee based on vehicle miles traveled (VMT). This paper describes the development of two working VMT-based prototype technology configurations. This development effort was necessary because commercial-off-the-shelf technology with the functionality required by RUFTF was not available. Multiple concepts for on-vehicle mileage collection devices (using both odometer and Global Positioning System technology) and systems for fee calculation and collection were developed, integrated, and tested as part of the two prototype technology configurations. Results indicate that a VMT-based fee collected via radio frequency communications at service stations is technologically feasible.
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McCarthy, Bill, and John Hagan. "L’argent change tout : les revenus personnels des adolescents et leur penchant à la délinquance1." Criminologie 37, no. 2 (March 30, 2005): 123–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/010707ar.
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Résumé Le capitalisme de consommation est devenu dominant dans les pays occidentaux. Un train de vie jugé « normal » coûte de plus en plus cher et la plupart des adolescents nord-américains en sont parfaitement conscients. Il n’est donc pas surprenant que beaucoup d’entre eux estiment qu’ils n’ont pas assez d’argent personnel pour participer convenablement aux activités sociales propres à leur classe d’âge. De nombreuses théories stipulent qu’un manque de revenus constitue en soi une bonne raison pour commettre des délits. Mais cette thèse, classique au demeurant, soulève bien des doutes. Certains pensent qu’il n’y a pas de relation de cause à effet entre les besoins d’argent et le penchant à la délinquance. D’autres études notent que ce sont les adolescents qui ont le plus de revenus personnels qui commettent le plus de délits. Ces travaux ont deux défauts. Ils ne tiennent pas compte des effets de l’utilité marginale décroissante d’un supplément de revenus sur les choix de délinquance. Ils négligent aussi d’envisager que la relation causale envisagée puisse être conditionnelle. Dans cet article nous montrons qu’un supplément de revenu personnel incite les adolescents à ajuster à la baisse les vols qu’ils commettent, mais que cet effet décroît proportionnellement à leurs revenus personnels et qu’il n’est opérant que pour les adolescents dont les parents se retrouvent exclus du marché du travail.
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HAN, JUNGHEE, and ALMAS HESHMATI. "DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL REWARDS FROM INDUSTRY–UNIVERSITY COLLABORATION IN SOUTH KOREA." International Journal of Innovation Management 20, no. 07 (August 5, 2016): 1650075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919616500754.
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The external circumstances for universities have been changing rapidly. In order to be competitive, survive and flourish, universities have turned to external sources to generate revenues. The literature refers to this phenomenon as academic capitalism, defined as the involvement of colleges and their faculty in market-like behaviours, which has become a key feature of higher education finances in most countries. As a result, technology transfer, technological commercialisation, and patents via industry–university collaboration represent a source of financial rewards. This paper explores the determinants of financial rewards of universities sourced from academic engagement through industry–university collaboration in South Korea. We have found that technology transfer per employees working at technology licensing offices, participation of engineering faculty, patent approvals, and the number of firms with incubators within universities significantly contributes to university revenues. The following determinants of financial performance are unexpectedly not contributors to revenue: technological commercialisation using technology transfer, distinguished faculty and incentive rules for inventors. In the light of these findings, it appears that an entrepreneurial university program is likely to play a strong role in university finances in Korea.
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Obaid, Mohammed Mahdi, and Noraza Mat Udin. "Corruption and Tax Noncompliance Variables: An Empirical Investigation From Yemen." International Journal of Financial Research 11, no. 4 (June 28, 2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v11n4p52.
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Tax revenue is an important source of income for various governments around the world. However, challenges, as a result of corruption and tax noncompliance behaviour among the taxpayers, are hindering the adequate generation of such revenues for the government. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of corruption and other tax noncompliance variables on tax revenue generation in Yemen. The study used survey research design via a questionnaire to collect data from 264 individual taxpayers in the Hadhramout Governorate. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS to perform reliability test, descriptive statistics, multicollinearity test, and regression analysis. The findings of the study show that corruption and tax rate are positively related to tax noncompliance; income level is negatively related to tax noncompliance; whereas penalty rate and education level are positive but not related to tax noncompliance. The implication of the study is that the government and the tax authority should update and institute new tax laws and policies that could minimize corruption among their officials and create more awareness among the taxpayers on the importance of paying tax to the government, so as to increase their compliance behaviour.
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Djimdé, O. "Contribution des cultures maraîchères à la sécurité alimentaire en zone rurale : Cas du village de Darani dans la Commune de Mountougoula/ Cercle de Kati." Mali Santé Publique 10, no. 1 (July 24, 2020): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.53318/msp.v10i1.1660.
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Introduction : La sécurité́ alimentaire existe lorsque tous les êtres humains ont, à tout moment, un accès physique et économique à une nourriture suffisante, saine et nutritive leur permettant de satisfaire leurs besoins énergétiques et leurs préférences alimentaires pour mener une vie saine et active. L'objectif était d'analyser la contribution des cultures maraîchères à la sécurité alimentaire des ménages. Matériel et méthodes : Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale descriptive menée du 1 er Novembre 2017 au 31 Janvier 2018 à Diarani sur un échantillon de 37 maraichers. Les données collectées, sur questionnaires, ont été traitées sur Epi Data 3.1 et analysées sur SPSS version 20. Résultats : L'échantillon était constitué de sexe masculin à 100%. La tranche d'âge 45 à 59 ans représentait 40% de l'échantillon. Près de 65% des maraichers n'étaient pas alphabétisés. La quasi- totalité (soit 92,5%) pratiquait le maraîchage. Les 75,7% des enquêtés avaient jugé bonnes les perspectives de production. Tous utilisaient les produits maraîchers dans leur alimentation dont 59,5% de façon quotidienne et 27% tous les 2 jours. Les 75,7% des enquêtés ont jugé bons les revenus du ménage avec la production maraichère. Au total, 63,9% disposaient d'un revenu global annuel du ménage compris entre 250 000 à 500 000 FCFA. La contribution du maraîchage dans le revenu global du ménage était de 50 à 75% pour 32,4% des enquêtés et de plus de 75% pour 29,7%. Conclusion : Le maraîchage était parmi les principales sources d'approvisionnements en produits alimentaires dans le village de Darani. Les produits maraîchers rentraient dans l'alimentation des ménages enquêtés et leur permettaient d'avoir des revenus.
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Longden, Kenneth. "The Curated TV Experience with ‘Value Added’." Canned TV Going Global 9, no. 17 (August 31, 2020): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/view.216.
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Canned TV has been a television industry practice almost from the start of television itself and was a way in which local/nationally-produced television programmes gained extra revenue by travelling, under licence, around the world. As well as providing extra revenue, this process also provided, often unintentionally, various opportunities for branding – both at the broadcaster level and at the national level. However, using Channel 4’s OD platform, Walter Presents, this essay will consider the state of canned TV in more contemporary terms related to global and transnational ideas where television in general, and canned TV in particular, describe a transformed media culture.
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PARMACLI, Dmitriy, Tetyana DERKACH, and Lyudmila BAKHCHIVANZHI. "A METHOD OF CALCULATION OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SALES REVENUE GROWTH AT AGROINDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 3(60) (2019): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2019.03.087.
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Introduction. Calculation of economic efficiency for the purpose of increasing sales revenues at agroindustrial enterprises has its own specifics. Implementation of new organisational and economic initiatives leads not only to a direct economic impact, but likewise to a significant indirect effect as well. The analysis of scientific publications on this problem allowed to find out that the existing techniques of the analysis of influence of factors on financial results of activity of the enterprises of agro-industrial complex are characterized by the high level of adaptedness to conditions of practical economic activity and provide needs of financial managers at adoption of optimal management decisions. However the high level of production diversification of the enterprises of agro-industrial complex demands further improvement of the factorial analysis taking into account branch features of the enterprises of the agro-industrial sector. Purpose of the research is to elaborate and to demonstrate – based on specific examples – a method of calculation of direct and indirect effect of marginal sales revenues at agroindustrial enterprises. The important question is due to what factors is the increase in profits from product sales. Results. The specifics of calculations of economic efficiency of innovative developments at agroindustrial enterprises are provided. Furthermore, a method of calculating revenue per unit of production and in total across an enterprise, including those achieved due to output volume growth, a decrease in the cost of production and an increase in realised output prices, is presented. However, both in academic and practical production conditions the method of calculating the values and interrelations between a direct and an indirect effect are elaborated on insufficiently. It is quite obvious that the revenue per unit of output and total revenue realised across an enterprise tends to increase alongside an increase in the total sales volume respectively. However, hereby the following relationship is identified: marginal revenue due to a decrease in the cost of production typically exceeds marginal revenue due to an increase in sales revenues. This relationship is confirmed based on an example of an industrial enterprise. Therefore was executed research of interrelation of direct and concomitant effect growth of volume of realization for what were executed calculations of gain of profit both due to growth of the sum of realization, and due to decrease in prime cost (at the invariance of prices for products). Conclusions. The conducted research allowed to find out that the concomitant effect, that is profit mark-up due to decrease in product cost, exceeds a direct effect, received for the account of growth of volume of realization, is reached in case when coefficient of a ratio of concomitant effect to direct effect directly proportional the specific weight of constant expenses in structure of prime cost and inversely proportional coefficient of profitability of the sold products. The conducted research demonstrated that the efficiency of implementation of innovative developments at industrial enterprises which are directed towards an increase in sales volumes depend not only on marginal output volume, a decrease in the cost of production and an increase in sales prices, but also on an initial state of production expressed via a ratio of fixed costs to variable costs and a resulting level of production profitability accordingly. A higher economic effect if provided by an innovative development which – all else equal – is implemented on industrial enterprises which have a higher share of fixed costs in the total structure and a lower output profitability respectively.
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Papies, Dominik, and Harald J. van Heerde. "The Dynamic Interplay between Recorded Music and Live Concerts: The Role of Piracy, Unbundling, and Artist Characteristics." Journal of Marketing 81, no. 4 (July 2017): 67–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jm.14.0473.
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The business model for musicians relies on selling recorded music and selling concert tickets. Traditionally, demand for one format (e.g., concerts) would stimulate demand for the other format (e.g., recorded music) and vice versa, leading to an upward demand spiral. However, the market for recorded music is under pressure due to piracy and the unbundling of albums, which also entail threats for the traditional demand spiral. Despite the fundamental importance of recorded music and live concerts for the multibillion-dollar music industry, no prior research has studied their dynamic interplay. This study fills this void by developing new theory on how piracy, unbundling, artist fame, and music quality affect dynamic cross-format elasticities between record demand and concert demand. The theory is tested with a unique data set covering weekly concert and recorded music revenues for close to 400 artists across more than six years in the world's third-largest music market, Germany. The cross-format elasticity of record on concert revenue is much stronger than the reverse elasticity of concert on record revenue. The results show the key role of piracy, unbundling, and artist characteristics on these cross-format elasticities, which have implications for the business model of the music industry.
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Boisclair, David, Jean-Yves Duclos, Steeve Marchand, and Pierre-Carl Michaud. "Une analyse économique de propositions visant à bonifier la couverture du risque de longévité." L'Actualité économique 91, no. 4 (August 9, 2016): 499–530. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1037211ar.
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Nous utilisons des méthodes de simulation pour analyser les impacts de certaines propositions de réforme visant à améliorer la couverture du risque de longévité. Ce risque, qui peut en principe être adéquatement couvert par les régimes de retraite classiques à prestations déterminées, fait l’objet d’une attention particulière au Québec depuis quelques années, notamment en raison du déclin de la participation à de tels régimes. Les propositions récentes visant à bonifier la couverture du risque de longévité se concentrent en grande partie sur l’expansion du « 2e pilier » du système de revenu de retraite, actuellement constitué du Régime de rentes du Québec. Nous considérons à ce titre une proposition-clé du Comité d’Amours (la rente longévité), ainsi que deux autres propositions : celle de Mintz et Wilson, qui vise à augmenter la générosité du régime actuel, et celle de Wolfson, qui introduit une notion de taux de cotisation et de prestations différenciés selon le revenu. À l’aide de données provenant des enquêtes de Statistique Canada, nous analysons pour plusieurs types d’individus le taux de rendement interne (TRI) de ces propositions en prenant en considération l’inégalité d’espérance de vie, la variabilité temporelle des revenus ainsi que les interactions avec la fiscalité et les différents programmes de soutien du revenu à la retraite. Nous contrastons les résultats avec ceux obtenus en effectuant des contributions additionnelles à des véhicules d’épargne volontaire existants combinées à l’achat d’une rente simple au moment de la prise de la retraite.
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Bahadir, Cuneyt, and Adem Karahoca. "Airline revenue management via data mining." Global Journal of Information Technology: Emerging Technologies 7, no. 3 (December 24, 2017): 128–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjit.v7i3.2834.
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Revenue maximisation has been of paramount interest in the airline industry during the past few decades, and numerous studies have been reported, aiming at robust analyses. Principal analysis techniques in most of these studies include computational-based prediction algorithms that are used for a given dataset. In this study, airline specific data, which consists of cabin class passenger data, cabin class supplied capacity data, distance of flights, season, year –month data and revenue data, are analysed using various prediction algorithms. Consistencies and accuracies of different algorithms are compared and reported.Keywords: Airline industry, airline revenue data, prediction algorithms, Weka, Bayesian network, sequential minimaloptimisation, support vector machines, multilayer perceptron, radial basis function network.
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Cloutier-Villeneuve, Luc. "Poursuite de la vie active selon le genre au Québec : l’effet de la qualité de l’emploi et de la situation personnelle." Sociologie et sociétés 45, no. 1 (June 12, 2013): 19–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1016394ar.
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Le discours actuel au sujet des nombreux départs à la retraite prévisibles traite essentiellement du prolongement de la vie active. Or, rien n’indique que cette solution se produira identiquement chez les travailleuses et les travailleurs québécois. Dans cet article, nous montrons que les trajectoires professionnelles des femmes et des hommes âgés de 50 ans et plus sont très différentes. Ainsi, les travailleuses ont l’intention de quitter beaucoup plus tôt le marché du travail que leurs confrères et de moins y revenir par la suite même si leurs conditions financières demeurent moins bonnes. La qualité de leur emploi (conditions psychologiques et physiques de travail) de même que leur situation personnelle (état de santé) expliquent en grande partie ces différences de genre. Chez les hommes, le revenu semble être le facteur le plus déterminant dans leurs intentions à l’égard de la retraite et la poursuite de la vie active.
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Crespo, Stéphane. "Diversité des formes de transition travail-retraite dans une cohorte de Canadiens âgés de 50 à 64 ans1." Articles 36, no. 1 (December 5, 2008): 49–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019490ar.
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Résumé Nous assistons depuis quelques décennies à un profond bouleversement de la transition du travail vers la retraite. Cette transition s’est « déstandardisée » à l’instar des autres étapes du parcours de vie : de plus en plus les statuts de travailleur et de retraité se combinent ou alternent dans des formes variables. Dans la présente étude, nous dégageons onze formes de transition travail-retraite au moyen d’analyses de séquences relatives à l’activité sur le marché du travail et aux sources et niveaux de revenus d’une cohorte de Canadiens âgés de 50 à 64 ans. Nous avons constaté une variabilité des formes qui s’exprime par des différences dans la propension à maintenir un emploi dans le cadre d’une retraite partielle, à maintenir ou à reprendre une activité sur le marché du travail après la cessation d’un emploi, et enfin par une inégalité dans les sources et niveaux de revenu. Nous avons également identifié des caractéristiques personnelles et professionnelles associées à ces formes de transition. Les résultats interpellent la question de l’inégalité des personnes âgées face au maintien ou à la reprise de l’activité et à l’adéquation des sources et des niveaux de revenu à l’orée de la retraite dans le cadre de préoccupations de politiques sociales.
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Rumpf, Dominik. "Zinsbereinigung des Eigenkapitals im internationalen Steuerwettbewerb – Eine kostengünstige Alternative zu “Thin Capitalization Rules”?" Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik 58, no. 1 (April 1, 2009): 93–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfwp-2009-0108.
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Abstract This paper investigates the impact of an Allowance for Corporate Equity (ACE) on the expected tax revenues and on the international tax competition. Beginning with an analysis of the relation between the rate of return on equity and the interest rate on the capital market, this paper figures out some effects which cause surprisingly low net assets used to calculate the ACE. This yields to a strong impact on the financial structure of multicorporate enterprises although there is only a moderate decline in tax revenues. Focusing profit shifting via transfer prices, the ACE has no positive effect. Only a cut of the corporate tax rate is useful in this context. The relevance of these results is additionally affirmed by using the statistical data published by the “Deutsche Bundesbank”, the central bank of Germany, which includes an aggregated corporate balance sheet. All in all, the ACE can be seen as an alternative to the new German thin capitalization rules applied in 2008 (“Zinsschranke”). Additionally, the low tax revenue losses constitute a new advantage for the ACE as a blueprint for corporate tax reforms. This is also interesting because an ACE could reduce the negative effects on the financial structure of firms which accompanies the implementation of a low withholding tax on interests.
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Fatehi, Soraya, and Michael R. Wagner. "Crowdfunding via Revenue-Sharing Contracts." Foundations and Trends® in Technology, Information and Operations Management 10, no. 3-4 (2017): 407–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000071.
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Fatehi, Soraya, and Michael R. Wagner. "Crowdfunding via Revenue-Sharing Contracts." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 21, no. 4 (October 2019): 875–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/msom.2018.0729.
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Rozanova, Julia, Norah Keating, and Jacquie Eales. "Unequal Social Engagement for Older Adults: Constraints on Choice." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 31, no. 1 (February 29, 2012): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980811000675.
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RÉSUMÉBien que les associations positives entre l’engagement et le bien-être social dans la vie ultérieure ont été confirmées par certaines études, cette étude visait à comprendre pourquoi certaines personnes ainées ne peuvent pas être impliquées. Les auteurs ont analysé des expériences vécues de 89 ainés demeurant dans trois communautés rurales au Canada, raconté dans les entrevues demi-structuré, utilisant la méthode de comparaison constante. Cinq facteurs font des choix pour l’engagement social dans la vie ultérieure inégale parmi les personnes ainées qui diffèrent par le sexe, la classe, l’âge, et le statut de santé. L’engagement profond dans le travail de soin, l’altruisme obligatoire, les ressources personnelles, les occasions d’implication perçues objectivement et subjectivement disponibles, et les barrières ageistes autour des activités désirées comme le travail contraignent des choix pour les aînés qui manquent le privilège dans l’économie du marché, notamment pour les vieilles femmes à faibles revenus. Pour éviter nuire et stigmatiser les plus vieilles personnes vulnérables, les barrières sociales aux activités significatives doivent être abordées – par exemple, par la provision de sécurité de revenu ou renversant la discrimination en raison de l’âge dans l’accès au marché du travail.
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Hack, Daniel. "Revenge Stories of Modern Life." Victorian Studies 48, no. 2 (2006): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/vic.2006.0084.
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Hack, Daniel. "Revenge Stories of Modern Life." Victorian Studies 48, no. 2 (January 2006): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/vic.2006.48.2.277.
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Lyons, Robert E. "The Evolution of Plant Evaluation and Introduction Programs at the JC Raulston Arboretum." HortScience 35, no. 4 (July 2000): 563D—563c. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.4.563d.
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An historic feature of the JC Raulston Arboretum (JCRA) is to identify new and unusual ornamental plant materials for landscape use through an active program of observing landscape performance at the JCRA in Raleigh. Introduction of plant materials into commerce occurs primarily through programs conducted in concert with the North Carolina Association of Nurserymen and through a unique policy of “open access” for nurserymen. One program, The JC Raulston Selections Program, returns revenues to the general operations and maintenance functions of the JCRA; others are not revenue generating, and are provided as a service to the industry. To a lesser extent, the general public may participate in receiving new plants via a special program offered through JCRA membership. The JCRA is also an official trial garden site for the All America Selections program and seed companies. Elements of these introduction and evaluation programs will be discussed within the context of the past, present, and plans for the future for program maintenance and possible changes.
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Lee, Seungbum, and Matthew Juravich. "Multi Criteria Decision-Making: Ticket Sales Outsourcing in an NCAA Division I Athletic Department." Case Studies in Sport Management 6, no. 1 (2017): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/cssm.2017-0027.
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Outsourcing in sport is not a new phenomenon. Specifically, outsourcing in intercollegiate sport has become common among athletic departments across the NCAA. While outsourcing can be employed to generate increased revenues via enhanced sales, marketing, or fundraising functions, many midmajor institutions are utilizing outsourcing partners exclusively to manage ticket sales. As such, this case presents a scenario in which an athletic director and her management team are faced with assessing three options related to ticket sales outsourcing at a midmajor NCAA Division 1 institution. Utilizing the lens of multi criteria decision-making, financial, nonfinancial, and circumstantial data are provided for readers to address an outsourcing decision in the context of intercollegiate athletics. By examining three options including maintaining the status quo, considering another outsourcing partner, or bringing ticket sales operations in-house, this case provides an opportunity for students to investigate the role of ticket sales outsourcing as it relates to revenue generation, a pertinent issue for athletic departments across the NCAA.
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Claveau, François. "Revenu minimum garanti : comparaison internationale, analyses et débats." Canadian Journal of Political Science 39, no. 3 (September 2006): 695–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000842390626997x.
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Revenu minimum garanti : comparaison internationale, analyses et débats, Lionel-Henri Groulx, Sainte-Foy : Presses de l'Université du Québec, 2005, 360 p.La lutte contre la pauvreté et l'exclusion sociale est un enjeu qui hante constamment les débats politiques des pays occidentaux. L'ensemble des acteurs publics déplorent que, dans nos sociétés d'opulence, certains n'aient ni le minimum pour vivre ni la capacité d'exercer leurs droits sociaux. Dans son livre, Louis-Henri Groulx examine l'une des stratégies de lutte contre la pauvreté : le revenu minimum garanti. Celui-ci peut se définir comme “ un dispositif assurant un montant minimal de ressources à ceux et celles qui n'ont pas de revenus suffisants pour répondre à leurs besoins et à ceux de leur famille ” (1). Cet objet d'étude se limite au transfert en espèces ou en biens à des populations défavorisées. En tant que mécanisme d'assistance, le revenu minimum garanti doit aussi être distingué des mécanismes d'assurance qui sont fondés sur un système de cotisations des membres de la collectivité qui sont conséquemment protégés de certains aléas de la vie (l'exemple type étant l'assurance-emploi). Contrairement à l'assurance, l'admissibilité à l'assistance ne requiert pas une contribution préalable du bénéficiaire (l'assistance sociale au Canada est une forme achevée de ce type d'allocation). Il va sans dire que les frontières sont poreuses entre, d'un côté, assistance et assurance et, de l'autre, transferts de ressources et autres outils de lutte contre la pauvreté (comme le suivi par des travailleurs sociaux, par exemple). Il s'agit de distinctions analytiques qui permettent simplement d'articuler notre discours sur le vaste sujet des outils de lutte contre la pauvreté.
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Wanecq, Charles-Antoine. "Faire revenir à la vie." Artefact, no. 6 (April 10, 2018): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/artefact.846.
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Fort, Rodney, Young Hoon Lee, and Taeyeon Oh. "Quantile Insights on Market Structure and Worker Salaries: The Case of Major League Baseball." Journal of Sports Economics 20, no. 8 (May 30, 2019): 1066–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527002519851152.
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The vast majority of the empirical investigation of player marginal revenue product (MRP) and monopsony exploitation rates (MER) implicitly assumed that MRP is constant across the revenue distribution of teams. The few works that do attempt to capture the impact of revenue variation across teams do so via independent variable specification. We bring quantile estimation to bear that allows MRP to vary across the entire revenue distribution in Major League Baseball. Completely in keeping with economic common sense, MRP increases as total revenue rises (to higher and higher quantiles). As with past findings, there is interesting MER dispersion over the length of player tenure in the league and between star and mediocre players. Heretofore unexplored, we also find interesting dispersion in MRP and MER between larger revenue and smaller revenue markets. Our results suggest that independent variable specifications overstate MRP and MER for smaller revenue teams and understate the same for larger revenue team.
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Green, Rebecca J., Patricia L. Williams, C. Shanthi Johnson, and Ilya Blum. "Can Canadian Seniors on Public Pensions Afford a Nutritious Diet?" Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 27, no. 1 (2008): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cja.27.1.69.
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RÉSUMÉLa présente étude a évalué si les pensions publiques du Canada (Sécurité de la vieillesse et Régime de pension du Canada) fournissaient aux aînés vivant en Nouvelle-Écosse (N.-É.) un revenu adéquat qui puisse leur permettre de bénéficier d'un régime alimentaire de base nutritif en 2005. Les revenus mensuels ont été comparés aux dépenses mensuelles essentielles de quatre types de ménages: 1) couple marié, 80ans et 78ans, en milieu urbain en Nouvelle-Écosse; 2) homme célibataire, 77ans, en milieu rural en Nouvelle-Écosse; 3) couple, 70ans et 65ans, en milieu rural en Nouvelle-Écosse; 4) veuve, 85ans, en milieu urbain en Nouvelle-Écosse. Le coût mensuel des quatre ménages étaient respectivement de 313,32$, 193,83$, 316,71$ et 150,89$. Les résultats ont indiqué que le ménage de chacun des célibataires manquait des fonds nécessaires pour respecter un régime alimentaire nutritif, tandis que la vie avec un partenaire semblait protéger contre un manque de ressources financières adéquates. Ces résultats illustrent le besoin d'améliorer les régimes de retraite du Canada afin de s'assurer que tous les aînés aient des ressources financières qui leur permettent de subvenir à leurs besoins essentiels, notamment en matière d'obtention d'aliments nutritifs, de prévention des maladies chroniques, et d'amélioration finale de leur qualité de vie.
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Hinkel, Jennifer M., Daniel B. Sexton, and William T. McGivney. "Forecasting financial impact of alternative payment models to cancer drug manufacturers." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 6549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.6549.
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6549 Background: Payers are moving from fee-for-service (FFS) reimbursement models towards value-based Alternative Payment Models (APMs). In Medicare, this trend has emerged via MACRA legislation and the Oncology Care Model (OCM). Reimbursement changes carry financial implications for payers, providers, and drug manufacturers. Methods: Financial impact of APMs was modeled as a function of Volume Factors and Price Factors in sales of a cancer drug product. Volume Factors included utilization patterns and market share. Price Factors included launch price, price increases, and both mandated and negotiated discounts. The model described three APM categories: Buy & Bill Plus (similar to OCM), Episode-Based Payment, and Third-Party Buy & Bill. The model included assumed timelines of APM implementation and the share of commercial insurer and Medicare markets implementing. Assumptions were generated in a multi-stakeholder workshop applying a modified Delphi method and Nominal Group Technique to arrive at consensus. The model included input ability for existing product forecast data including expected patient numbers, market share, payer mix, channel mix, price, 340B discount parameters, and additional concessions. Combinations of inputs and assumptions were run through the model as scenarios to generate results. Results: Across all scenarios, Episode-Based Payment resulted in revenues averaging 34% below baseline forecast at the ten-year mark. Third-Party Buy and Bill resulted in revenues averaging 100% of baseline at the ten-year mark. Buy and Bill Plus resulted in revenues averaging 66% below baseline at the ten-year mark. Market share as a function of clinical differentiation appeared to be a significant factor influencing revenue impact, with highly differentiated products outperforming others in all APMs. Conclusions: While much attention is paid to the impact of reimbursement reform on oncology provider economics, with subsequent impacts to patient access, less attention has been focused on impact to drug manufacturers. APM implementation could significantly impact manufacturer revenues, which in turn may impact both access to such therapies and research investment towards new anti-cancer therapies.
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Van Parijs, Philippe, and Christine Jakse. "Salaire à vie ou revenu de base ?" Ballast N° 4, no. 1 (July 1, 2015): 46–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ball.004.0046.
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Huefner, Ronald J., and James A. Largay. "Identifying revenue opportunities via capacity analysis." Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management 12, no. 4 (March 8, 2013): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/rpm.2013.4.
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McDonald, Lynn. "The Invisible Poor: Canada's Retired Widows." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 16, no. 3 (1997): 553–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800008783.
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RÉSUMÉCette recherche examine les facteurs qui influent sur les conditions économiques des veuves qui ont été sur le marché du travail au cours de leur vie. Dans le cadre de l'Enquête sur le vieillissement et l'autonomie, on compare les veuves aux femmes mariées, séparées/divorcées et même aux célibataires retraitées. On compare aussi les veuves qui sont au-dessus et au-dessous du seuil de faible revenu (SFR) selon Statistique Canada. On établit des modèles permettant de prévoir qui, des femmes et des veuves, se situera éventuellement sous le SFR. Les résultats indiquent que 49 pour cent des veuves vivent sous le SFR. Parmi les facteurs associés au fait de vivre sous le seuil de la pauvreté, on compte le veuvage, un plus petit ménage, un faible niveau d'éducation et une occupation au bas de la hiérarchie professionnelle. Les sources de revenus qui accroîtraient la possibilité d'être au-delà du seuil de la pauvreté, comme les R.E.É.R., les placements et une rente liée à un emploi, ne sont pas habituelles pour ces femmes, en dépit de leur appartenance antérieure au marché du travail.
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Lee, So-Hyun, Su-Jin Choi, and Hee-Woong Kim. "What makes people send gifts via social network services? A mixed methods approach." Internet Research 30, no. 1 (July 29, 2019): 315–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/intr-12-2018-0551.
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Purpose Social network services (SNS) gifting is a new business model, but many SNS providers continue to face challenges as they explore ways to increase their revenues from gifting. The purpose of this paper is to examine the key factors involved in gift giving via SNS platforms. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a mixed methods approach through qualitative and quantitative research. In the first stage (qualitative study), the authors extract factors from interviews with users of SNS gifting services. In the second stage (quantitative study), the authors interpret decisional factors explored in the first stage on the basis of customer value theory, develop a research model and empirically test it. Findings The results show that five factors – convenience of SNS gifting, symbolic representation of SNS gifting, relationship support of SNS gifting, pleasure of SNS gifting, and an SNS gifting norm – directly or indirectly affect SNS gifting decisions. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to electronic commerce research by extending the customer value theory and adding to the literature on SNS gifting and gift giving in general. Practical implications The study informs SNS providers regarding the promotion of SNS gifting services for revenue generation. Originality/value This study is among the first to comprehensively examine decision-making in SNS gifting through the lens of customer value theory.
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Kawasaki, Takehiro, Nathanael Barrot, Seiji Takanashi, Taiki Todo, and Makoto Yokoo. "Strategy-Proof and Non-Wasteful Multi-Unit Auction via Social Network." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 02 (April 3, 2020): 2062–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i02.5579.
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Auctions via social network, pioneered by Li et al. (2017), have been attracting considerable attention in the literature of mechanism design for auctions. However, no known mechanism has satisfied strategy-proofness, non-deficit, non-wastefulness, and individual rationality for the multi-unit unit-demand auction, except for some naïve ones. In this paper, we first propose a mechanism that satisfies all the above properties. We then make a comprehensive comparison with two naïve mechanisms, showing that the proposed mechanism dominates them in social surplus, seller's revenue, and incentive of buyers for truth-telling. We also analyze the characteristics of the social surplus and the revenue achieved by the proposed mechanism, including the constant approximability of the worst-case efficiency loss and the complexity of optimizing revenue from the seller's perspective.
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Krishnarajan, Suthan. "Economic Crisis, Natural Resources, and Irregular Leader Removal in Autocracies." International Studies Quarterly 63, no. 3 (May 6, 2019): 726–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isq/sqz006.
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AbstractWhy do autocratic leaders escape revolution, coups, and assassination during times of economic crisis? I argue that the spike in natural resource revenues since the 1960s has increased autocratic crisis resilience. The availability of this alternative revenue stream provides autocratic leaders with a constant inflow of money, increases their ability to repress dissent, and improves their access to international credit. Extending the analysis back to 1875, I show that the relationship between economic crisis and irregular leader removal in autocracies is strong and robust before the 1960s, but disappears in more recent periods. Interaction analyses confirm that the effects of economic crisis are moderated by natural resource income. These findings are robust to an array of alternative specifications, including analyses that address endogeneity concerns via instrumental variable (IV) estimation. A more particular examination of the theoretical mechanisms also supports the argument. These findings challenge widely held beliefs in the literature of a strong, direct effect of economic crisis on autocratic leader survival; they explain why economic crisis seems to destabilize some autocrats, but not others.
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Hudon, Christine. "Carrières et vie matérielle du clergé du Richelieu-Yamaska (1790-1840)." Revue d'histoire de l'Amérique française 45, no. 4 (August 25, 2008): 573–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/305018ar.
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RÉSUMÉ À la fin du XVIIIe et au début du XIXe siècle, l'Église bas-canadienne est confrontée à une pénurie de prêtres. Les carrières cléricales en subissent les contrecoups. Les vicariats sont généralement courts et les promotions, rapides. Les effets de cette situation se font aussi sentir sur la vie matérielle du clergé. Les paroisses, souvent vastes et populeuses, procurent aux curés des revenus substantiels. La desserte d'une ou de plusieurs communautés voisines permet d'augmenter les gains en cumulant les dîmes. Ces revenus confèrent aux curés une fortune supérieure à celles des membres des autres groupes socioprofessionnels, à l'exception des grands marchands.
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Patonov, Nikolay Andonov. "Searching for A Restraint on the European Leviathan." Annals of the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University - Economics 60, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aicue-2013-0027.
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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of fiscal decentralization on the government size in the European Union member states. The Two-Stage Least squares procedure is applied on the panel data for the period 2000-2010. The regression model which is constructed includes the total amount of government tax revenue as a dependent variable. The revenue and expenditure variable for fiscal decentralization are put as main explanatory variables. The empirical results support the theoretical assumptions for the restrictive influence of the revenue decentralization as well as the increasing effect of the expenditure decentralization on the government intrusion into economy measured via the amount of tax revenue.
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Ysseldyk, Renate, Natasha Kuran, Simone Powell, and Paul J. Villeneuve. "Répercussions autodéclarées sur la santé de la prestation de soins selon l’âge et le revenu chez les participants à l’Enquête sociale générale canadienne de 2012." Promotion de la santé et prévention des maladies chroniques au Canada 39, no. 5 (May 2019): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.39.5.01f.
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Introduction L’augmentation de l’espérance de vie et la structure par âge sous-jacente de la population canadienne ont contribué à une augmentation spectaculaire du nombre d’aînés aidants naturels. Sachant que la prestation de soins est associée à divers effets néfastes sur la santé, il est nécessaire de mieux comprendre en quoi ces effets peuvent être différents chez les aidants plus âgés et si ces effets sont modifiés par le statut socioéconomique. Méthodologie Nous avons cherché à combler ces lacunes en matière de recherche en utilisant des données transversales fournies par les participants à l’Enquête sociale générale (ESG) canadienne de 2012. Des analyses descriptives ont été effectuées pour comparer les répercussions sur la santé que les participants ont attribuées à la prestation de soins et étudier la façon dont elles varient selon l’âge et le revenu. Des analyses de régression logistique ont été réalisées afin de déterminer les facteurs associés aux effets sur la santé globale déclarés par les aidants de 65 ans et plus. Résultats Les caractéristiques individuelles des fournisseurs de soins variaient consi¬dérablement en fonction de l’âge, les aidants plus âgés ayant des revenus plus faibles et consacrant plus de temps à la prestation de soins que les aidants plus jeunes. Les réper-cussions autodéclarées de la prestation de soins sur l’état de santé global étaient plus importantes chez les répondants de 35 à 64 ans, et ce, dans toutes les catégories de revenu. Les sentiments de solitude et d'isolement social découlant des responsabilités d'aidant semblaient être atténués dans les groupes d’âge et de revenu plus élevés. Dans tous les groupes d’âge, la prestation de soins était plus susceptible d'avoir des effets néfastes sur les habitudes en matière d’exercice, d’alimentation saine et de consommation d’alcool que de promouvoir des comportements plus positifs. Conclusion La prestation de soins a des répercussions sur les comportements liés à la santé et sur la santé mentale, quels que soient l’âge et le revenu. D’après nos résultats, les aidants plus âgés (le plus souvent des femmes), qui fournissent le plus grand nombre d’heures de soins et dont le revenu est inférieur à celui des aidants plus jeunes, semblent cependant moins touchés sur le plan des comportements liés à la santé. Cela s’explique peut-être par l’existence d’un moins grand nombre de besoins concomitants chez eux que chez les aidants plus jeunes. Ces résultats laissent entendre que les systèmes de soutien aux aidants doivent tenir compte de répercussions variables de façon complexe en fonc¬tion de l’âge, du sexe et du revenu.
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Alshehri, Mohammad, Ahmed Alamri, Alexandra I. Cristea, and Craig D. Stewart. "Towards Designing Profitable Courses: Predicting Student Purchasing Behaviour in MOOCs." International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education 31, no. 2 (March 23, 2021): 215–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40593-021-00246-2.
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AbstractSince their ‘official’ emergence in 2012 (Gardner and Brooks 2018), massive open online courses (MOOCs) have been growing rapidly. They offer low-cost education for both students and content providers; however, currently there is a very low level of course purchasing (less than 1% of the total number of enrolled students on a given online course opt to purchase its certificate). The most recent literature on MOOCs focuses on identifying factors that contribute to student success, completion level and engagement. One of the MOOC platforms’ ultimate targets is to become self-sustaining, enabling partners to create revenues and offset operating costs. Nevertheless, analysing learners’ purchasing behaviour on MOOCs remains limited. Thus, this study aims to predict students purchasing behaviour and therefore a MOOCs revenue, based on the rich array of activity clickstream and demographic data from learners. Specifically, we compare how several machine learning algorithms, namely RandomForest, GradientBoosting, AdaBoost and XGBoost can predict course purchasability using a large-scale data collection of 23 runs spread over 5 courses delivered by The University of Warwick between 2013 and 2017 via FutureLearn. We further identify the common representative predictive attributes that influence a learner’s certificate purchasing decisions. Our proposed model achieved promising accuracies, between 0.82 and 0.91, using only the time spent on each step. We further reached higher accuracy of 0.83 to 0.95, adding learner demographics (e.g. gender, age group, level of education, and country) which showed a considerable impact on the model’s performance. The outcomes of this study are expected to help design future courses and predict the profitability of future runs; it may also help determine what personalisation features could be provided to increase MOOC revenue.
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Adesola, Ogunmakin Adeduro, and Dada Raphael Adek . "Impact of oil Revenue on Economic Development in Nigeria [1981–2012]." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2014): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v5i2.807.
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In enhancing proper and adequate economic development in Nigeria, there is a need to manage macroeconomic stability and pro-cyclical government expenditure pattern by improving non oil growth performance. It was based on this premise that, this study sought to examine the economic development and oil revenue in Nigeria. In doing this, regression analysis was carried out using SPSS. The result revealed the overdependence of Nigeria economy on oil revenue. Thus, this paper recommends policies and functional institutions to checkmate the poor transparency in the management of oil revenue that robbed the people of their potential benefits and economy diversification that will lead to improvement in revenue generation via other sources in the economy.
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Liu, Lijun, Yongmei Ding, and Huan Wang. "Modeling on Financial Revenue via Data Mining." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1437 (January 2020): 012118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1437/1/012118.
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Curtis, Josh, and Naomi Lightman. "Golden Years or Retirement Fears? Private Pension Inequality Among Canada’s Immigrants." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 36, no. 2 (April 19, 2017): 178–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980817000083.
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RÉSUMÉEn ce moment, de nombreux immigrants n’ont pas droit à participer au régime de retraite publique du Canada en raison des critères de résidence légale. De plus, des décennies de faible revenu et de l’exclusion du marché du travail défendent à nombreux immigrants canadiens d’augmenter une épargne-pension ou des économies suffisantes tout au long de la période de la vie quand ils travaillent. Ces facteurs, pris ensemble, posent de sérieuses préoccupations pour le bien-être des immigrants âgés. À l’aide des données du recensement canadien pendant une période de vingt ans (1991–2011), nous constatons que les revenus tirés des épargnes et des investissements personnels ont fortement diminué chez les canadiens d’origine et les immigrants, les dernières cohortes d’immigrants étant les plus touchées. Toutefois, depuis 1991, les hommes d’origine canadienne et les immigrants vivant au Canada depuis 40 ans ou plus ont montré des gains importants dans les pensions des employeurs privés. Ainsi, les données montrent un écart inquiétant de plus en plus grand entre les hommes nés au Canada et tous les autres au Canada, les nouveaux immigrants et les femmes étant les plus démunis.
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J. Zhao, Jensen, and Sherry Y. Zhao. "THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL MEDIA ON REVENUE AND PROFIT: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 10, no. 3 (August 28, 2014): 1892–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijmit.v10i3.1643.
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The growing popularity of social media has fundamentally altered the business ecosystem where companies can no longer solely capture consumers attention via reach; instead, companies must focus on engaging consumers in product and service development and improvement. This exploratory study details how the corporate strategic use of social media relates to corporate revenue and profit among Fortune 500 corporations. The findings indicate that the proper corporate use of social media impacts positively the corporate revenue and profit; whereas the improper corporate use of social media affects negatively the corporate revenue and profit.
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Cynthia Odinakachi, Ayoka, Nzotta Samuel Mbadike, and Kanu Success Ikechi. "The Effect of Federal Government Revenue and Expenditure On Economic Growth in Nigeria – An Empirical Review." International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development 7, no. 3 (August 2021): 34–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.73.2004.
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This study examined the effect of federal government revenue and expenditure on the economic growth of Nigeria for the period 1983 to 2018. Prior to now many studies have been completed on the subject matter and yet there doesn't seem to be a consensus of opinion amongst the different researchers on the relationship between revenue and expenditure interface in Nigeria. This could be ascribed to the different approaches gies set forward to clarify the relationship; thus warranting the need for this research .The investigation embraced an ex-post facto research design to produce test results via Bounds test, ARDL short/long run estimates and to make forecasts. The full scale economic factors used in the study includes Real Gross domestic product (proxy for economic growth), federal government retained revenue, non-oil revenue, capital expenditure and recurrent expenditure. We chose to be different in this study with a conscious omission of oil revenue as a variable of study. Findings of the research showed that federal government retained revenue; non-oil revenue and recurrent expenditure were statistically significant in explaining the relationship with economic growth in the short run; while capital expenditure was not at 5% Alpha level. Federal government retained revenue was also found to be statistically significant in the long run. On the basis of these findings, it was concluded that the influential growth variables are federal government retained revenue; non-oil revenue and recurrent expenditure. The researchers thus recommend that government should be tactful in her efforts at fiscal policy synchronization. There is need to monitor Nigeria’s expenditure pattern, increase in revenue and a consequent increase in governments retained revenue. This will make for an effective adjustment in the utilization of capital expenditures and to assist with raising the level of economic growth in Nigeria
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Marcoux, Richard, Richard Morin, and Damaris Rose. "Jeunes et précarisation économique : analyse de la situation des couples." Articles 19, no. 2 (March 25, 2004): 273–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/010051ar.
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RÉSUMÉ Dans un premier temps, les auteurs situent les transformations des modalités de vie des jeunes Canadiens dans le contexte social global des années 1960, 1970 et 1980. Rs insistent plus particulièrement sur la restructuration économique (accélérée par la récession du début des années 1980), qui a contribué à l'appauvrissement relatif des jeunes. Us font également ressortir la prépondérance de la vie en couple comme modalité de vie chez les jeunes. Dans un second temps, les auteurs abordent la précarisation économique des jeunes couples en examinant la variation de leurs revenus dans le temps. Ils comparent ces revenus avec ceux de couples plus âgés et analysent l'effet de différents facteurs tels que la stabilité de l'emploi, l'évolution des gains et la contribution monétaire des conjointes.