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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Reward functions'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 June 2024

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1

Mendonça, Matheus Ribeiro Furtado de. "Evolution of reward functions for reinforcement learning applied to stealth games." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4771.

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Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-05-31T11:40:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 matheusribeirofurtadodemendonca.pdf: 1083096 bytes, checksum: bb42372f22411bc93823b92e7361a490 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-05-31T12:42:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 matheusribeirofurtadodemendonca.pdf: 1083096 bytes, checksum: bb42372f22411bc93823b92e7361a490 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-31T12:42:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 matheusribeirofurtadodemendonca.pdf: 1083096 bytes, checksum: bb42372f22411bc93823

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2

Al-Adawi, Samir Hamed Nasser. "The neuropsychopharmacology of motivation : an examination of reward and frontal-subcortical mechanisms and functions." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286323.

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3

Jönsson, Henrik. "Optimal Stopping Domains and Reward Functions for Discrete Time American Type Options." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalen University, Department of Mathematics and Physics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-58.

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<p>Avhandlingen behandlar problemet att välja tidpunkt för att lösa in en amerikansk option. En amerikansk option ger ägaren rätten att köpa eller sälja en underliggande vara för ett fast pris, kallat lösenpriset, fram till och med en förbestämd tid, den så kallade slutdagen. Den underliggande varan kan vara en aktie, en växelkurs, eller någon annan ekonomisk tillgång. I avhandlingen antar vi att optionen kan lösas in vid vissa givna tidpunkter som vi för enkelhets skull kallar 0,1, 2,…,N, där N är lösendagen.</p><p>Ägaren vill hitta den optimala tidpunkten att lösa in optionen så att nuvärdet

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4

Gatica, Ricardo A. "A binary dynamic programming problem with affine transitions and reward functions : properties and algorithm." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32839.

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5

Bradley, Jay. "Reinforcement learning for qualitative group behaviours applied to non-player computer game characters." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4784.

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This thesis investigates how to train the increasingly large cast of characters in modern commercial computer games. Modern computer games can contain hundreds or sometimes thousands of non-player characters that each should act coherently in complex dynamic worlds, and engage appropriately with other non-player characters and human players. Too often, it is obvious that computer controlled characters are brainless zombies portraying the same repetitive hand-coded behaviour. Commercial computer games would seem a natural domain for reinforcement learning and, as the trend for selling games bas

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6

Gadre, Aditya Shrikant. "Learning Strategies in Multi-Agent Systems - Applications to the Herding Problem." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36116.

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<p> "Multi-Agent systems" is a topic for a lot of research, especially research involving strategy, evolution and cooperation among various agents. Various learning algorithm schemes have been proposed such as reinforcement learning and evolutionary computing. </p><p> In this thesis two solutions to a multi-agent herding problem are presented. One solution is based on Q-learning algorithm, while the other is based on modeling of artificial immune system. </p><p> Q-learning solution for the herding problem is developed, using region-based local learning for each individual agent. Individual an

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7

White, Monica Menne. "Marital satisfaction as a function of equity, reward level, expectations, and rewards /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487683756125182.

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8

Raffensperger, Peter Abraham. "Measuring and Influencing Sequential Joint Agent Behaviours." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7472.

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Algorithmically designed reward functions can influence groups of learning agents toward measurable desired sequential joint behaviours. Influencing learning agents toward desirable behaviours is non-trivial due to the difficulties of assigning credit for global success to the deserving agents and of inducing coordination. Quantifying joint behaviours lets us identify global success by ranking some behaviours as more desirable than others. We propose a real-valued metric for turn-taking, demonstrating how to measure one sequential joint behaviour. We describe how to identify the presence of tu

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9

Grunitzki, Ricardo. "Aprendizado por reforço multiagente : uma avaliação de diferentes mecanismos de recompensa para o problema de aprendizado de rotas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/107123.

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Esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta um estudo sobre os efeitos de diferentes funções de recompensa, aplicadas em aprendizado por reforço multiagente, para o problema de roteamento de veículos, em redes de tráfego. São abordadas duas funções de recompensas que diferem no alinhamento do sinal numérico enviado do ambiente ao agente. A primeira função, chamada função individual, é alinhada à utilidade individual do agente (veículo ou motorista) e busca minimizar seu tempo de viagem. Já a segunda função, por sua vez, é a chamada difference rewards, essa é alinhada à utilidade global do sistema e

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10

Asri, Layla El. "Learning the Parameters of Reinforcement Learning from Data for Adaptive Spoken Dialogue Systems." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0350/document.

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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre de la recherche sur les systèmes de dialogue. Ce document propose d’apprendre le comportement d’un système à partir d’un ensemble de dialogues annotés. Le système apprend un comportement optimal via l’apprentissage par renforcement. Nous montrons qu’il n’est pas nécessaire de définir une représentation de l’espace d’état ni une fonction de récompense. En effet, ces deux paramètres peuvent être appris à partir du corpus de dialogues annotés. Nous montrons qu’il est possible pour un développeur de systèmes de dialogue d’optimiser la gestion du dialogue en défi

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11

Cléry-Melin, Galichon Marie-Laure. "Étude des fonctions neurocognitives dans la dépression : caractérisation de déficits motivationnels et cognitifs, évaluation de leur valeur pronostique Why don't you try harder? An investigation of effort production in major depression Neural mechanisms underlying motivation of mental versus physical effort Psychomotor retardation is a scar of past depressive episodes, revealed by simple cognitive tests Are cognitive deficits in major depressive disorder progressive? A simple attention test in the acute phase of a major depressive episode is predictive of later functional remission Progress in elucidating biomarkers of antidepressant pharmacological treatment response: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the last 15 years Stability of the diagnosis of seasonal affective disorder in a long-term prospective study." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB218.

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Les données issues de la recherche en neurosciences permettent de considérer la dépression comme une affection invalidante générale, caractérisée par des déficits neurocognitifs et comportementaux, au delà des symptômes dépressifs cliniques définis dans les classifications nosographiques. Ces déficits coexistent à la phase aiguë d’un épisode dépressif caractérisé (EDC) et interfèrent dans la prise de décision et réalisation d’un comportement orienté vers un but, et la sensation d’effort associée. Ils semblent persister en période de rémission clinique, altérant la qualité de la réponse thérape

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12

Simon, Edouard. "Rôles et fonctions du droit de l'Union européenne dans l'intégration des politiques d'acquisition d'armement." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D030.

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Les budgets d'équipement de défense en Europe connaissent depuis la fin de la guerre froide une baisse structurelle et régulière. Ce phénomène est aujourd'hui amplifié par la crise de la dette qui touche l'Europe. Une telle diminution porte un risque de perte de capacités (technologiques, industrielles, ... ) et, in fine, de déclassement stratégique pour les Etats européens et l'UE en tant que puissance potentielle ou en devenir. Face à cette menace, deux solutions complémentaires ont été identifiées de longue date l'ouverture des marchés publics à la concurrence européenne et la consolidation

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Asri, Layla El. "Learning the Parameters of Reinforcement Learning from Data for Adaptive Spoken Dialogue Systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0350.

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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre de la recherche sur les systèmes de dialogue. Ce document propose d’apprendre le comportement d’un système à partir d’un ensemble de dialogues annotés. Le système apprend un comportement optimal via l’apprentissage par renforcement. Nous montrons qu’il n’est pas nécessaire de définir une représentation de l’espace d’état ni une fonction de récompense. En effet, ces deux paramètres peuvent être appris à partir du corpus de dialogues annotés. Nous montrons qu’il est possible pour un développeur de systèmes de dialogue d’optimiser la gestion du dialogue en défi

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14

Lessiter, Jane. "A dopaminergic model of reward motivation : a test of implications for personality and schizophrenia." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367917.

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15

Bohon, Cara 1981. "Reward abnormalities among women with bulimia nervosa: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10848.

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x, 73 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.<br>The current study measured BOLD brain response using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore the hypothesis that women with bulimia nervosa have a hyper-responsivity of the mesolimbic reward system. Women with bulimia nervosa and healthy controls (N=24) completed an fMRI paradigm involving anticipated and actual receipt of chocolate milkshake and a tasteless control solution. Women with bulimia nervosa showed less activation than he

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16

Müller, Johannes. "Dopamin und kognitive Handlungssteuerung: Flexibilität und Stabilität in einem Set-Shifting Paradigma." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1200066609101-79226.

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Eine phasische Ausschüttung des Neurotransmitters Dopamin wird u.a. mit positivem Affekt, der Reaktivität auf Neuheit und kognitiver Handlungssteuerung in Verbindung gebracht. In der vorliegenden Doktorarbeit wurde der dopaminerge Einfluss auf die Flexibilität und Stabilität der Handlungssteuerung untersucht. Für eine zielgerichtete Handlung sind beide antagonistischen Anforderungen notwendig. Einerseits müssen gewählte Handlungsabsichten gegenüber irrelevanten Ablenkungsreizen abgeschirmt und somit stabilisiert werden. Andererseits müssen diese Absichten im Falle handlungsrelevanter Änderunge

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17

Mell, Thomas, Isabell Wartenburger, Alexander Marschner, Arno Villringer, Friedel M. Reischies, and Hauke R. Heekeren. "Altered function of ventral striatum during reward-based decision making in old age." Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4523/.

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Normal aging is associated with a decline in different cognitive domains and local structural atrophy as well as decreases in dopamine concentration and receptor density. To date, it is largely unknown how these reductions in dopaminergic neurotransmission affect human brain regions responsible for reward-based decision making in older adults. Using a learning criterion in a probabilistic object reversal task, we found a learning stage by age interaction in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dIPFC) during decision making. While young adults recruited the dlPFC in an early stage of learning re

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18

Reichel, Carmela Marie. "The effects of neonatal manganese exposure on impulsivity, unlearned motoric function, and reward." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2788.

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This study examined the effects of low to moderate doses of manganese (0, 250, or 750 _g per day from PD 1-21) on a comprehensive battery of behaviors in rats during the neonatal period, preweanling period, and in adulthood.

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19

McConnell, Mairead H., and Mairead H. McConnell. "Wanting What is Already Gone: Functional Imaging Differentiating Reward Components in Bereavement." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625269.

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Complicated grief, or persistent complex bereavement disorder, is a condition that affects approximately 10% of bereaved individuals and is marked by intense longing and yearning for the deceased. Little is known about the neurocognitive mechanisms contributing to this syndrome, but previous research suggests that reward pathways in the brain may play a role. The present study was designed with this theory in mind, aiming to understand reward processing in those experiencing complicated and non-complicated grief as well as to differentiate the "wanting" and "liking" phases of reward processin

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20

Müller, Johannes. "Dopamin und kognitive Handlungssteuerung: Flexibilität und Stabilität in einem Set-Shifting Paradigma." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2007. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24028.

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Eine phasische Ausschüttung des Neurotransmitters Dopamin wird u.a. mit positivem Affekt, der Reaktivität auf Neuheit und kognitiver Handlungssteuerung in Verbindung gebracht. In der vorliegenden Doktorarbeit wurde der dopaminerge Einfluss auf die Flexibilität und Stabilität der Handlungssteuerung untersucht. Für eine zielgerichtete Handlung sind beide antagonistischen Anforderungen notwendig. Einerseits müssen gewählte Handlungsabsichten gegenüber irrelevanten Ablenkungsreizen abgeschirmt und somit stabilisiert werden. Andererseits müssen diese Absichten im Falle handlungsrelevanter Änderunge

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21

Davis, Jon Franklin. "A Functional, Anatomical, and Molecular Investigation of Natural Reward: Sexual Plasticity and Limbic System." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1123831570.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Cincinnati, 2005.<br>Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Mar. 23, 2006). Includes abstract. Keywords: limbic, reward, plasticity. Includes bibliographical references.

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22

Scollon, Jennifer Margaret. "The function of the lateral hypothalamus with regard to gustatory and reward related processes." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14701.

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The lateral hypothalamus (LH) has been shown to be involved in consummatory behaviour by a number of different experimental techniques including behavioural and electrophysiological methods. Lesion studies indicate that loss of the LH does not significantly alter normal feeding and drinking in the home cage, responding to food and water deprivation or responding to glucose or salt adulteration of the diet. However, when injected with dehydrating, dipsogenic or glucoprivic agents, the so called needle challenges, LH lesioned rats failed to respond as sham lesioned rats. This is despite the fact

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23

Awai, Alexandra F. "A functional MRI study of the distributed neural circuitry of learning and reward." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34457.

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Thesis (S.M. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 2005.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>The aim of this research project was to study the neural substrates involved in processing rewarding stimuli. Evaluation of the magnitudes of reward is one of the fundamental aspects of goal directed behavior, and studies have shown that this process involves the midbrain dopamine system. Work by C. R. Gallistel has shown that the reward magnitude of electrical stimulation to structures within this system increases with increasing current and frequency.

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Prechtl, de Hernandez Christina. "Modulation of food reward systems by fasting and ghrelin : human functional MRI studies." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7068.

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Background: To understand the pathophysiology of obesity, the role of hedonic eating needs to be considered. Neuroimaging research has suggested that activity in brain reward systems is modulated by the rewarding properties of food, nutritional state, and individual differences in eating behaviour. The interaction between these factors and the influence of gut hormones, such as the stomach-derived orexigenic hormone ghrelin, on these systems remains unclear. Methods: In the first study, 20 non-obese subjects were either fasted or ate a filling breakfast of their choice (fed). In the second stu

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Kucukdereli, Hakan [Verfasser], and Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Klein. "Functional mapping of central amygdala feeding and reward circuits / Hakan Kucukdereli ; Betreuer: Rüdiger Klein." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1148941258/34.

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Burns, Lindsay H. "Functional interactions of limbic afferents to the striatum and mesolimbic dopamine in reward-related processes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239196.

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27

BALFOUR, MARGARET E. "SEXUAL BEHAVIOR CAUSES ACTIVATION AND FUNCTIONAL ALTERATIONS OF MESOLIMBIC SYSTEMS: NEUROBIOLOGY OF MOTIVATION AND REWARD." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1060620529.

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28

Balfour, Margaret E. "Sexual behavior causes activation and functional alterations of mesolimbic systems neurobiology of motivation and reward /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1060620529.

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29

Tscharaktschiew, Nadine. "Actions and Outcomes: The Evaluative Function of Moral Emotions." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-156245.

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Results from 10 empirical studies and 1 review article are described and can be summarized as follows: Only moral emotions represent an evaluation of person's behavior, whereas non-moral emotion provide information about outcomes. Positive moral emotions (e.g. pride, respect) signal that a person's (self or other) behavior was right, whereas negative moral emotions (e.g., guilt, indignation) signal that a person's behavior was wrong. These evaluations and signals are elicited by judgments of ought, goal attainment and effort (see Heider, 1958). Some moral emotions (e.g., shame or admiration) a

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Pfarr, Simone [Verfasser], and Rainer [Akademischer Betreuer] Spanagel. "The Role of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Reward Seeking: Functional Evidence on Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms underlying Drug and Natural Reward Seeking / Simone Pfarr ; Betreuer: Rainer Spanagel." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1177043874/34.

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Simmons, Steven James. "HYPOCRETIN/OREXIN AND THE VENTRAL MIDBRAIN: TOPOGRAPHY AND FUNCTION ASSOCIATED WITH PSYCHOSTIMULANT-TAKING AND AFFECT." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/507835.

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Biomedical Sciences<br>Ph.D.<br>Abuse of psychostimulants including cocaine and new synthetic formulations remains an international public health problem and economic burden. Addiction develops consequential to positive and negative drives that underlie “getting” and “staying” high. Dopamine (DA), arising from ventral tegmental area (VTA), projects to ventral striatal targets to encode reward signals and reward prediction. Mesolimbic DA is implicated in both the immediate rewarding effects of psychostimulants, and its hypoactivity underlies negative affect as drug levels decline. Accordingly,

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Carlton, Corinne N. "Functional Connectivity of Reward Networks: Characterizing Mechanistic Underpinnings Involved in Positive Affect Deficits within Social Anxiety Disorder." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101736.

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Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is characterized by excessive concern or fear of negative evaluation in one or more social situations and ranks as one of the most common psychiatric disorders. SAD has also been characterized by significant deficits in social motivation and a lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli (i.e., positive affect; [PA]), particularly within social contexts. Recent neuroimaging work has shifted towards examining positively-valenced motivational systems in SAD focused on reward responses to social and nonsocial stimuli. These studies have revealed aberrant reward process

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Brown, Jennifer. "Relationship of Appetite, Olfaction and Food Reward After Roux-en-y Gastric Bypass Surgery: Could This Explain Weight Regain?" Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32587.

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Background: Roux-en-y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery produces significant weight loss, however a number of patients experience some and/or complete recidivism of weight years after surgery. Limited research has investigated why patients are experiencing weight regain after surgical interventions. Our objective was to identify appetite-related measures associated with weight regain after RYGB surgery. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 29 participants (49.6 ± 9.1 years of age; 29-62 months post-RYGB) were divided into three weight categories; (weight maintainers, n = 9; low weight regainer

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Via, Virgili Esther. "Alterations in social reward and body perception brain circuits in anorexia nervosa: a functional and structural neuroimaging investigation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396283.

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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe disorder, accepted to be of a multifactorial etiology. Although there is evidence for alterations in neural networks contributing to the onset, development and maintenance of AN, the knowledge of alterations of brain circuits is very limited. To this purpose, we investigated in three MRI experiments (two published, one in review) putative alterations in brain systems in a group of 20 female outpatients with AN, restrictive subtype, compared to a group at 20 female healthy controls. The first study aimed, in an exploratory manner, to find alterations in white m

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Kumar, Poornima. "Computational modelling of reward learning and social information processing in major depression : a functional MRI and behavioural investigation." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=166598.

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It was hypothesised that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with a dysfunctional reinforcement processing system, affecting both simple (“primary”) and social reinforcers. The main objective of this thesis was to test this hypothesis. MDD patients and matched healthy controls participated in a Pavlovian reward learning and a social inclusion task, and their neural responses were measured using functional MRI. In addition, subjects participated in a behavioural facial recognition task. It was additionally hypothesised that antidepressants may have an effect on reward-learning sig

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Sonntag, Ivo [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Kuner. "Fluidity of functional ensembles in the infralimbic cortex of rats during reward seeking / Ivo Sonntag ; Betreuer: Thomas Kuner." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1217715282/34.

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Vik, Jon. "Not All Goals Are Created Equal : Evaluating Hockey Players in the NHL Using Q-Learning with a Contextual Reward Function." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Databas och informationsteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-175149.

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Not all goals in the game of ice hockey are created equal: some goals increase the chances of winning more than others. This thesis investigates the result of constructing and using a reward function that takes this fact into consideration, instead of the common binary reward function. The two reward functions are used in a Markov Game model with value iteration. The data used to evaluate the hockey players is play-by-play data from the 2013-2014 season of the National Hockey League (NHL). Furthermore, overtime events, goalkeepers, and playoff games are excluded from the dataset. This study fi

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Fay, Stephanie Helen. "Characterising resistance to overconsumption : a biopsychological analysis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/82066/1/Stephanie_Fay_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis investigated biopsychological factors involved in successfully resisting overconsumption in an environment promoting obesity, and differences between individuals who were and were not able to resist overconsumption. Results showed that self control was a key factor in successful resistance, whereas sensitivity to food reward was associated with overconsumption susceptibility. Reduced self control may be a consequence as well as a cause of obesity, and may not recover following weight loss. Self control was not enhanced through an exercise programme that aimed to ameliorate brain fi

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Black, Chelsea Lynn. "Resting-State Functional Brain Networks in Bipolar Spectrum Disorder: A Graph Theoretical Investigation." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/393135.

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Psychology<br>Ph.D.<br>Neurobiological theories of bipolar spectrum disorder (BSD) propose that the emotional dysregulation characteristic of BSD stems from disrupted prefrontal control over subcortical limbic structures (Strakowski et al., 2012; Depue & Iacono, 1989). However, existing neuroimaging research on functional connectivity between frontal and limbic brain regions remains inconclusive, and is unable to adequately characterize global functional network dynamics. Graph theoretical analysis provides a framework for understanding the local and global connections of the brain and compari

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Neelakantan, Harshini. "REWARD-RELATED BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF PRESCRIPTION OPIOIDS AS A FUNCTION OF PUTATIVE ACUTE AND CHRONIC PAIN-LIKE STATES IN MALE AND FEMALE C57BL/6 MICE." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/270439.

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Pharmaceutical Sciences<br>Ph.D.<br>Pain is a leading cause of disability and the most common reason for clinical care. The field of pain research has focused on sex differences in the recent years with an expansive body of literature demonstrating sex-related differences in pain behavior and responsiveness to pharmacological interventions. Prescription opioids are potent analgesics and the mainstay for the clinical management of moderate-to-severe acute and chronic pain conditions. However, the long-term clinical use of prescription opioids for chronic pain remains controversial due to concer

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Salimpoor, Niloufar. "Music, emotion, and the reward system: investigations with [11C] raclopride positron emission tomography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and psychophysiological methods." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114170.

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Music is arguably one of the most potent natural rewards. In this thesis, we examine the brain's response to music through different imaging methods to investigate how musical sounds can be interpreted as pleasurable by a listener. First, we examine the hypothesis that rewarding responses to music are related to emotional arousal. Using self-selected "chill-inducing" music, we measure emotional arousal objectively through psychophysiological measures of autonomic nervous system activity, revealing a robust and direct positive relationship between increases in emotion and self-reported pleas

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Gäbel, Andrea [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Fiebach. "The Role of Reward Expectations for Prospective Memory : An investigation with functional magnetic resonance imaging / Andrea Gäbel ; Betreuer: Christian Fiebach." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1179228294/34.

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Harvey-Lewis, Colin. "The effect of morphine dependance and withdrawel on morphine reward efficacy as evaluated by the intra-cranial self-stimulation rate-frequency function." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86823.

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An important issue in the drug dependence literature is the extent to which dependence and withdrawal contribute to the motivational forces driving drug taking. One theory asserts that dependent individuals re-administer opiates primarily to remove the negative effects of withdrawal; a second theory predicts that administration of increasing doses is due to motivational desensitization to the acute rewarding effects of opiates. Studies of drug reward utilizing self-administration rates are hard to interpret because of the complex effects of tolerance and drug kinetics on response rate. Since r

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Bushnik, Harris Tamara L. "Brain stimulation reward in the lateral preoptic area: An examination of its substrate and functional connectivity to the ventral tegmental area." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6935.

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In order to determine the nature of the hypothesized connection between the lateral preoptic and the ventral tegmental areas, two major experiments were conducted. The first major study consisted of an in-depth mapping of the substrate for self-stimulation in the lateral preoptic area using dorsoventrally moveable electrodes which permitted the testing and characterization of multiple stimulation sites in each subject. Self-stimulation was obtained throughout the lateral preoptic area and compartments 'a' and 'b' of the medial forebrain bundle; the pattern of positive sites was consistent with

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Mues, Andreas Wilhelm [Verfasser]. "Functional Integration of Floral Plant Traits: Shape and Symmetry, Optical Signal, Reward and Reproduction in the Angiosperm Flower / Andreas Wilhelm Mues." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1218301872/34.

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Quester, Saskia. "The interaction between prefrontal cortex and reward system in pathological gambling: evidence from neuroscientific data." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17084.

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Pathologisches Glücksspiel (PG) ist eine psychiatrische Erkrankung, die gerade erst im DSM-5 der gleichen Kategorie wie substanzgebundene Suchterkrankungen zugeordnet wurde. Bildgebungsstudien zu Substanzabhängigkeit beobachteten funktionelle und strukturelle Veränderungen im präfrontalen Kortex (PFC) und mesolimbischen Belohnungssystem (d.h. Striatum). Für PG wurden ähnliche Veränderungen berichtet; jedoch gibt es kaum Studien, die sich mit verschiedenen Aspekten funktioneller und struktureller Korrelate in diesen Regionen beschäftigen. Diese Arbeit untersuchte PG Patienten, alkoholabhängige

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Nordenankar, Karin. "Functional Analysis of the Vesicular Glutamate Transporter 2 in Specific Neuronal Circuits of the Brain." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för neurovetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-170046.

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A key issue in neuroscience is to determine the connection between neuronal circuits and behaviour. In the adult brain, all neuronal circuits include a glutamatergic component. Three proteins designated Vesicular glutamate transporter 1-3 (VGLUT1-3) possess the capability of packaging glutamate into presynaptic vesicles for release of glutamate at the nerve terminal. The present study aimed at determining the role of VGLUT2 in neuronal circuits of higher brain function, emotion, and reward-pocessing. A conditional knockout (cKO) strategy was utilised, and three different mouse lines were produ

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Roberts, Holly Jean Zumpfe Landau Steven E. "The differential effects of reward and response cost on the math performance of boys with ADHD as a function of achievement orientation a test of the Dweck and Leggett hypothesis /." Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1221659091&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1176475807&clientId=43838.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2005.<br>Title from title page screen, viewed on April 13, 2007. Dissertation Committee: Steven Landau (chair), Thomas Critchfield, Corinne Zimmerman, Mark Swerdlik, Robert Lusk. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-123) and abstract. Also available in print.

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Miguelez, Maia. "The functional significance of cortical and adjacent amygdaloid sub-nuclei in the modulation of brain stimulation reward derived from the medial forebrain bundle." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29142.

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The primary objective of my thesis is to explore the involvement of the amygdala, a neural structure underlying emotion, in the circuit underlying motivated behaviour as modelled by brain stimulation reward (BSR). In the first experiment, the functional links between the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the amygdala were assessed using the metabolic marker, cytochrome oxidase. Following lesions of LH sites that supported BSR, we obtained a significant reduction of oxidative metabolism in the cortical sub-nuclei of the amygdala, suggesting their involvement in modulating the reward signals elicite

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Arvidsson, Emma. "Motion and Emotion : Functional In Vivo Analyses of the Mouse Basal Ganglia." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Funktionell farmakologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-229910.

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A major challenge in the field of neuroscience is to link behavior with specific neuronal circuitries and cellular events. One way of facing this challenge is to identify unique cellular markers and thus have the ability to, through various mouse genetics tools, mimic, manipulate and control various aspects of neuronal activity to decipher their correlation to behavior. The Vesicular Glutamate Transporter 2 (VGLUT2) packages glutamate into presynaptic vesicles for axonal terminal release. In this thesis, VGLUT2 was used to specifically target cell populations within the basal ganglia of mice w

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