Academic literature on the topic 'RF stress and thermic cycling'

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Journal articles on the topic "RF stress and thermic cycling"

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Razzaghi, Mohammadreza, Afsar Asghari-azghan, Saeed Montazeri, Zahra Razzaghi, Mohammad Mohsen Mazloomfard, and Reza Vafaee. "Intravaginal Pulsed Contractile Radiofrequency for Stress Urinary Incontinence Treatment; A Safety Study." Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 12, no. 1 (2021): e56-e56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2021.56.

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Introduction: Radiofrequency (RF)-based stress urinary incontinence (SUI) treatment, which has quickly attracted attention, is administered in an office setting. This pilot-safety study assessed the efficacy of transvaginal RF treatment in the quality of life (QOL) and frequency of incontinence episodes in women with SUI. Methods: Twenty-eight women suffering from SUI were treated with an intravaginal quadric applicator while a grounding pad was attached in front of their pubes. The first phase is thermic, which will heat up the vaginal wall up to 40°C for 10 minutes. The second step is contra
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Harzer, Carla Sophie, Roberta Karla Francesca Della Bella, and Hubert Andreas Gasteiger. "Cathode Loading Impact on PEM Fuel Cell Performance Losses in Voltage Cycling Based Accelerated Stress Tests." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 37 (2023): 1775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02371775mtgabs.

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In order to reach the target of carbon neutrality by the end of 2050 set by the European Union, hydrogen technologies will play an important role in supporting the transition to a renewable energy economy, especially for heavy duty applications, such as trucks and airplanes.1 For the latter, hydrogen is a viable alternative fuel compared to kerosene, offering a higher specific energy density as well as zero in-flight CO2 emissions.2 However during operation, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) suffer from significant performance losses due to the instability of Pt-based catalysts for
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Astudillo, Leonardo Isaias, Roberta Karla Francesca Della Bella, Hubert Andreas Gasteiger, et al. "Accelerated Stress Tests to Project PEM Fuel Cell Durability." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 43 (2023): 2164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02432164mtgabs.

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One of the major degradation mechanisms limiting the long-term durability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is the loss of platinum electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of the carbon-supported platinum (Pt/C) cathode catalyst, caused by Pt dissolution that is followed by both Ostwald ripening of the Pt nanoparticles and loss of Pt into the ionomer phase [1]. The Pt ECSA loss is accelerated when subjecting PEMFCs to extended load-cycling inducing concomitant cycling of the cathode potential. To this end, accelerated stress tests (ASTs) can be conducted either by controllin
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Della Bella, Roberta Karla Francesca, Björn Marcel Stühmeier, and Hubert Andreas Gasteiger. "Universal Correlation between the Roughness Factor and PEMFC Performance Losses in Voltage Cycling Based Accelerated Stress Tests." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 35 (2022): 1427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01351427mtgabs.

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During operational lifetime, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) suffer from high performance losses. For the year 2025, the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) set the durability target for PEMFC light-duty transportation applications at 5,000 hours.1 To meet the automotive target, different aging protocols were established in order to simulate load cycle variations.2 It is well known that load or voltage cycling induces substantial catalyst degradation due to an increasing loss of electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), which is known to be a main driver for the resulting performa
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Hnyk, Franziska Carmen, Leonardo Isaias Astudillo, Sydney Hughes, and Hubert Andreas Gasteiger. "Investigation of PEMFC Cathode Rf-Dependent Performance Losses for Voltage Cycling and Start-up Accelerated Stress Tests." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 41 (2024): 2670. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02412670mtgabs.

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In order to replace internal combustion engines in the heavy-duty (HD) transportation sector, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) require extended operating hours with minimal performance loss.[1] During research and development, the fuel cell stack performance loss for >30,000 hours of operation can be estimated by tailored accelerated stress tests (ASTs) that induce typical degradation modes which can be tested in small active area single-cells. Two of the main cathode catalyst layer degradation modes resulting in a reduced electrochemical surface area are Pt degradation by load/
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Bergoli, César Dalmolin, Rodrigo Furtado de Carvalho, Ivan Balducci, Josete Barbosa Cruz Meira, Maria Amélia Máximo de Araújo, and Marcia Carneiro Valera. "Influence of Fiber Post Cementation Length on Coronal Microleakage Values in vitro and Finite Element Analysis." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 15, no. 4 (2014): 444–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1560.

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ABSTRACT Aim This study aims to evaluate, the influence of different fiber posts cementation lengths by finite element analysis (FEA) and coronal microleakage. Materials and methods Fifty anterior bovine teeth were sectioned to obtain roots with 16 mm length. The coronal length of the post was 6 mm for all groups, while the radicular length were varied 6, 8, 10 or 12 mm. The fiber posts surfaces were cleaned with alcohol and silanized. Then the posts were cemented using a two steps total etch-and-rinse adhesive system + conventional resin cement. Forty teeth were submitted to mechanical cyclin
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Putaala, Jussi, Olli Salmela, Olli Nousiainen, et al. "Lifetime prediction and design aspects of reliable lead-free non-collapsible BGA joints in LTCC packages for RF/microwave telecommunication applications." Soldering & Surface Mount Technology 26, no. 3 (2014): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssmt-07-2013-0018.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the behavior of different lead-free solders (95.5Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu, i.e. SAC387 and Sn7In4.1Ag0.5Cu, i.e. SAC-In) in thermomechanically loaded non-collapsible ball grid array (BGA) joints of a low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) module. The validity of a modified Engelmaier’s model was tested to verify its capability to predict the characteristic lifetime of an LTCC module assembly implementable in field applications. Design/methodology/approach – Five printed wiring board (PWB) assemblies, each carrying eight LTCC modules, were fabricated and
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Hartner, Walter, Martin Niessner, Francesca Arcioni, et al. "Reliability and Performance of Wafer Level Fan Out Package for Automotive Radar." Journal of Surface Mount Technology 34, no. 1 (2021): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37665/smt.v34i1.12.

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Embedded wafer level ball grid array (eWLB) or FO-WLP (Fan-out wafer-level packaging) is investigated as a package for MMICs (Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit) for automotive radar applications in the 77GHz range. Special focus is put on the thermo-mechanical performance to achieve automotive quality targets. The typical fatigue modes “solder ball fatigue” and “copper fatigue”, evolving during thermo-mechanical stress like cycling on board will be discussed. Simulation as well as experimental preparation results for typical fatigue levels are given. In addition, several influencing para
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Harzer, Carla Sophie, Franziska Carmen Hnyk, and Hubert Andreas Gasteiger. "Comparing Voltage Cycling–Induced Performance Losses of a Porous Carbon Supported Pt Catalyst Under H2/N2 and H2/Air at Different Relative Humidities." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 41 (2024): 2635. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02412635mtgabs.

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Accelerated stress tests (ASTs) mimic the dynamic operation of a PEM fuel cell stack by inducing degradation in different parts of the system. Voltage cycling–based ASTs are performed to specifically induce degradation in the cathode catalyst layer of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA). During voltage cycling, the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of the catalyst is reduced by Pt particle growth via Ostwald ripening and by loss of the Pt into the ionomer/membrane phase.[1] However, the degradation rate during such tests can be significantly affected by different voltage cycling AST conditio
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Hosseini, Hannaneh, Alexander Gunnarson, Timo Imhof, Nguyen Khang Tran, Marc Ledendecker, and Ferdi Schüth. "Optimal Cathode Catalyst Design for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 40 (2025): 2120. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-01402120mtgabs.

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Hydrogen-powered proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have emerged as a highly promising energy conversion technology, offering a sustainable solution to the global energy crisis. Their potential for application in heavy-duty transportation is becoming increasingly obvious due to the high gravimetric energy density of hydrogen. Moreover, the rapid refueling capability, zero emissions, high energy efficiency, and relatively straightforward refueling infrastructure make PEMFCs a compelling solution for the high-energy applications when compared to lithium-ion battery technologies.1 There
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "RF stress and thermic cycling"

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Pinault, Bastien. "Évaluation de topologies d'amplificateurs faible bruit et robustes en filière GaN pour applications radar ou télécom en bande X." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSES070.

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Dans l'optique d'accroitre les débits des télécommunications ainsi que la précision et la portée de détection des systèmes radars modernes, l'amélioration du facteur de bruit d'une liaison est devenue essentielle. Comme le démontre la formule de FRIIS , le facteur de bruit d'une architecture de réception est majoritairement déterminé par le facteur de bruit du premier étage. Il apparait alors nécessaire de placer en amont de cette dernière un amplificateur faible bruit (LNA). Ce dernier peut être confronté à des agressions électromagnétiques (EM) pouvant détériorer, voir rendre inopérant le sy
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Peretti, Vanni. "Development of reliable RF-MEMS switches for antennas and space applications." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425657.

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Radio Frequency Micro Electro Mechanical (RF-MEMS) components are a contender for future low-power high-frequency wired reconfigurable networks and wireless communication systems. In many RF applications, a single MEM component can replace and outperform an entire solid-state circuit; in other applications, a judicious association of MEMS with active devices will result in smart communicating circuits and systems. These MEMdevices have the potential to surpass the limits of today’s equivalent implementations that use only traditional solid-state technology. However, the scarce maturity o
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Conference papers on the topic "RF stress and thermic cycling"

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Motalab, Mohammad, Munshi Basit, Jeffrey C. Suhling, and Pradeep Lall. "A Revised Anand Constitutive Model for Lead Free Solder That Includes Aging Effects." In ASME 2013 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2013-73232.

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Traditional finite element based predictions for solder joint reliability during thermal cycling accelerated life testing are based on solder constitutive equations (e.g. Anand viscoplastic model) and failure models (e.g. energy dissipation per cycle model) that do not evolve with material aging. Thus, there will be significant errors in the calculations with lead free SAC alloys that illustrate dramatic aging phenomena. In this study, we have developed a revised set of Anand viscoplastic stress-strain relations for solder that include material parameters that evolve with the thermal history o
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Basit, Munshi, Mohammad Motalab, Jeffrey C. Suhling, and Pradeep Lall. "Viscoplastic Constitutive Model for Lead-Free Solder Including Effects of Silver Content, Solidification Profile, and Severe Aging." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48619.

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In the electronic packaging industry, it is important to be able to make accurate predictions of board level solder joint reliability during thermal cycling exposures. The Anand viscoplastic constitutive model is often used to represent the material behavior of the solder in finite element simulations. This model is defined using nine material parameters, and the reliability prediction results are often highly sensitive to the Anand parameters. In this work, an investigation on the Anand constitutive model and its application to SAC solders of various Ag contents (i.e. SACN05, with N = 1, 2, 3
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Khinda, Gurvinder Singh, Ashraf Umar, Ryan J. Cadwell, et al. "Flexible inkjet-printed Patch antenna array on mesoporous PET substrate for 5G applications with stable RF performance after mechanical stress cycling." In 2020 IEEE 70th Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ectc32862.2020.00285.

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Cunningham, Shawn J., Yvonne Heng, Nabeel Idrisi, Brad Nelson, and John McKillop. "Flip Chip Packaging of Wafer Level Encapsulated RF MEMS Tunable Capacitors." In ASME 2013 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2013-73222.

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Wireless handheld communications has identified significant benefits of tuning that include fewer dropped calls, increased battery life and improved user experience. The tuning can be part of the antenna, power amplifier (PA), filtering, or part of a fully integrated radio front end (FE). RF MEMS tunable capacitors have been integrated with 0.18 μm RF HVCMOS to address the need for tuning in wireless communications. These integrated, MEMS tunable capacitors are hermetically encapsulated at the wafer level, but the integrity of the encapsulation must be maintained during BEOL operations. The BE
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Park, Jun-Hyub, Man Sik Myung, and Yun-Jae Kim. "Specimen Size Effect on Fatigue Properties of Surface-Micromachined Al-3%Ti Thin Films." In 2007 First International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnc2007-21280.

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This paper presents high cycle fatigue properties of an Al-3%Ti thin film, used in a RF (radio-frequency) MEMS switch for a mobile phone and also describes new test method for obtaining static and dynamic characteristics of thin film and reliability evaluation method on MEMS device with thin film developed by authors. Durability should be ensured for such devices under cycling load. Therefore, with the proposed specimen and test procedure, tensile and fatigue tests were performed to obtain mechanical and fatigue properties. The specimen was made with dimensions of 1000μm long, 1.0μm thickness,
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