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Beddaoui, Margaret. "Functional Recovery Following Regeneration of rhe Damaged Retina in the Adult Newt, Notophthalmus Viridescens." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19904.
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A hallmark of retinal diseases is degeneration of neural cells, leading to subsequent vision loss. For such diseases, replenishment of functional neural cells may be an optimal therapy. Unlike humans, the adult red-spotted newt, Notophthalmus viridescens, possesses the remarkable ability to regenerate a complete retina following its removal or injury. The purpose of this study was to develop a reproducible model of retinal damage and regeneration in the newt to understand the process of retinal regeneration. Intense light, shown in other organisms to be a relevant model of visual cell loss, was tested in the newt and resulted in variable loss of retinal function, correlating with the appearance of apoptotic cells. Due to the variability of damage observed, surgical removal of the retina was used to complement the light-damage model. A novel and non-invasive protocol using full-field electroretinography was developed to assess retinal function in vivo following damage. Measures of retinal function with the electroretinogram protocol successfully showed that photoreceptor function is initially lost and subsequently restored during regeneration. These results enhance our understanding of retinal regeneration in the adult newt and serve as a starting point for further studies aimed at determining the molecular mechanisms involved in the regeneration process.
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Bazán, Ramírez Aldo. "Comparative assessmenr in differenr condirions of a program for rhe learning of reading and writing." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/102111.
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Dara collected under differenr didacric condirions and evaluarion steps of a program for the learning of reading and wriring are reponed. The firsr didacric condirion corresponds ro an inirial phase of projecrion ro rhe communiry wirh rhe reachers help (Mares, Plancarre y Rueda, 1994). The second evaluarion is about a tesr applied in four experimemal programs designed by Mares et. al. based en rhe behavioral taxonomy developed by Ribes and Lopez (1985). Finally, rhe rhird condition corresponds ro rhe adaptarion of a reading and writing program for 40 children (Mares, Bazan and Farfan, 1995). In all cases, rhe effecriveness of rhe program was measured based en rhe mechanical and funcrional aspecrs of rhe wrirren language, and a comparison wirh other programs used by a differem group of reachers was established.Se reportan los datos obtenidos en diferentes condiciones didácticas y/o momentos de evaluación de un programa de enseñanza de la lecto-escritura con perspectiva interconductual. La primera condición didáctica evaluada, corresponde a una fase inicial de proyección del programa como apoyo a la actividad del docente (Mares, Plancarte y Rueda, 1994). La segunda evaluación se refiere, a una prueba realizada sobre cuatro programas experimentales diseñadas por Mares y et al., con base en la taxonomía de la conducta elaborada por Ribes y López (1985). Finalmente, la tercera condición evaluada corresponde a una adecuación del programa de lecto-escritura a grupos de 40 niños (Mares, Bazán y Farfán, 1995). En todas las ocasiones la efectividad del programa se midió con base en los aspectos mecánicos y funcionales de la lengua escrita y, se estableció una comparación con otros programas utilizados por un grupo diferente de docentes.
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Pedrosa, Tatiana do Nascimento. "Desenvolvimento de epiderme humana reconstruída (RHE) como plataforma de testes in vitro para irritação, sensibilização, dermatite atópica e fotoimunossupressão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-02022017-155625/.
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O desenvolvimento de novos modelos de pele e novas metodologias in vitro segue uma tendência mundial na busca pela redução ou substituição de testes em animais. Nesse contexto, kits de epiderme humana reconstruída (RHE) apresentam-se como uma plataforma promissoras para essa proposta e, alguns modelos encontram-se validados para ensaios de irritação e corrosão cutânea in vitro. Entretanto, em países como o Brasil, enfrentam-se questões alfandegárias e perda do material por perecibilidade, dificultando e até impedindo, a importação desses kits para utilização por parte das indústrias e laboratórios nacionais. Em contrapartida, o desenvolvimento de um modelo de RHE apresenta-se como um avanço tecnológico e ganho de autonomia para esses países. Assim, no capítulo 1 explorou-se o desenvolvimento de um modelo nacional de RHE (USP-RHE) que atendesse às exigências internacionais descritas no guia OECD 439. O modelo desenvolvido apresentou uma epiderme bem diferenciada e atendeu aos parâmetros de qualidade (histologia, viabilidade e função barreira) bem como da funcionalidade, a qual é expressa na capacidade de distinção entre irritantes e não irritantes, apresentando 85,7% de especificidade, 100% sensibilidade e 92,3% de acurácia quando comparada com a classificação in vivo obtida pelo ensaio do linfonodo local (LLNA). No capítulo 2, células monocíticas THP-1 em monocamada foram capazes de distinguir entre agentes sensibilizantes e não sensibilizantes por meio da expressão de CD86, CD54 e liberação de IL-8. Após a obtenção de RHE e THP-1 funcionais, um cross-talking foi estabelecido gerando uma RHE imunocompetente. A RHEI distinguiu satisfatoriamente entre agentes sensibilizantes e não sensibilizantes por meio da expressão de CD86 e CD54 na membrana das células THP-1. A liberação de IL-8 também foi avaliada na RHEI, mas, não demonstrou ser um bom indicador para a avaliação de sensibilização, ao contrário de IL-1α, que distinguiu satisfatoriamente agentes sensibilizantes de não-sensibilizantes, mas não foi capaz de hierarquizá-los. No capítulo 3, avaliou-se o papel de interleucinas do tipo Th2 e da depleção de colesterol na membrana plasmática no desenvolvimento de características morfológicas e moleculares da dermatite atópica (DA) in vitro em um modelo de RHE. Os resultados demonstram que o uso de IL-4, IL-13 e IL-25 em combinação com a depleção de colesterol na membrana plasmática mimetiza in vitro, as principais características da DA. No capítulo 4, buscou-se avaliar os efeitos imunossupressores da radiação ultravioleta na RHEI. Os ensaios foram realizados em diferentes períodos de exposição, entretanto, não foi possível observar tais efeitos. Os resultados justificam-se pela ausência da liberação de IL-10 pelo RHE imunocompetente, por exemplo, e demonstram uma limitação do RHE imunocompetente para avaliações de inativação da reposta imune. Neste trabalho, concluímos que foi possível obter uma RHE competitiva, similar aos modelos internacionais validados e que pode ser utilizada como plataforma para ensaios de irritação e sensibilização cutânea, além de ser uma plataforma para estudos da dermatite atópica. No modelo é possível estudar a ativação do sistema imune, o que o torna promissor como uma plataforma para avaliação de resposta imunológica in vitro. Conclui-se, portanto, que os objetivos foram amplamente atendidos além de oferecermos um protocolo de livre acesso para reprodução por outros laboratórios e um modelo para validação futura.The development of new in vitro skin models and new methodologies follows a global trend in search for reductions or replacement of animal testing. In this context, Reconstructed Human Epidermis kits (RHE) are presented as a promising platform in the search for alternative methods to animal use, and some models are validated for skin irritation and corrosion in vitro tests. However, in countries such as Brazil, who face customs issues and loss of material due to perishability, making it challenging and even compromising the importation of these kits for use by industries and laboratories. In contrast, the development of an RHE model is presented as a technological breakthrough and gain of autonomy for these countries. Thus, in Chapter 1 we explored the development of a national model of RHE (USP-RHE) that meet international requirements described in OECD TG 439. The developed model presented a well-differentiated epidermis and met the quality parameters, for instance, histology, viability, and barrier function as well as the functionality expressed in the capacity of screening between irritants and nonirritants, with 85.7 % of specificity, 100 % of sensitivity and 91.7% of accuracy in comparision to in vivo UN GHS classification from Local limph node assay (LLNA). In chapter 2, monocytic THP-1 cell line, as monolayers, were able to distinguish between sensitizers and non-sensitizers by expression of CD86, CD54, and IL-8 release. In this model, functional RHE and THP-1 were used in a cross-talking, and thus an immunocompetent RHE (RHEI) was generated. The RHEI has distinguished satisfactorily between sensitizers and non-sensitizers through CD86 and CD54 expression that was larger and more sensitive in this model. The release of IL-8 was also evaluated in RHEI, however, did not demonstrate to be a good parameter for this evaluation, unlike IL-1α, which satisfactorily distinguished sensitizers from non-sensitizers, but was not able to hierarchize them. In chapter 3, we evaluated the role of Th2-related cytokines and plasma membrane cholesterol depletion (CD) in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) morphological and molecular characteristics in an in vitro model of RHE. The results showed that combination of IL-4, IL-13 and IL-25 in combination with CD can reproduce the major features of AD in vitro. In Chapter 4, we sought to evaluate the ultraviolet radiation-induced immunosuppressive effects in RHE. The tests were performed at different times. However, it was not possible to observe such effects. The results are justified by the absence of IL-10 release by RHEI, for example, and show a limitation of RHEI for rating inactivation of the immune response. In this work, we conclude that it was possible to obtain a competitive RHE similar to the validated international models that can be used as a platform for irritation and skin sensitization tests, besides being a platform for the study of atopic dermatitis. Using this model is possible to explore the activation of immune system, which makes it promising as a platform for the evaluation of immune response in vitro. We conclude, therefore, that the objectives have been met as well as it is offering an open source protocol for breeding by other laboratories, thus offering the RHE model developed here for future validation tests.
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Lages, Joana Pestana. "À espera no bairro do talude militar. Reflexões sobre o direito à habitação." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3300.
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Tese de Mestrado em ArquitecturaApós três décadas sobre as primeiras medidas de repressão à a construção clandestina e 15 anos de vigência de um regime de excepção, subsistem bairros precários fruto de acções espontâneas de populações com carência a nível habitacional. As políticas de habitação alvo de revisão bibliográfica nesta dissertação, nem sempre souberam responder em tempo útil e de forma definitiva à exclusão social e à necessidade de habitação condigna, direito consagrado na Constituição Portuguesa. Debruçando-se sobre a condição urbana actual, em estreita articulação com a sociedade contemporânea, a dissertação foca o olhar nas questões da habitação e aponta estratégias possíves de intervenção que sigam abordagens mais flexiveis e participativas, fruto de um modo de construir cidade mais reflexivo que possa responder eficazmente a dois direitos fundamentais: o direiro à cidade e o direito à habitação. No bairro do talude militar em Unhos, área urbana crítica da periferia da área metropolitana de Lisboa, considerada "insusceptível de reconversão", os moradores maioritáriamente de origem cabo-verdiana, esperam pelo realojamento desde 1993. Usado como caso de estudo, o bairro serviu de palco para a realização de várias actividades que permitiram traçar reflexões sobre o processo de realojamento já iniciado e sobretudo sobre o processo de realojamento que ainda está por concluir.
After three decades on the first steps to suppress illegal settlements, there are still slums as the result of spontaneous actions of people with housing deficit. Housing policies were not able to react on time and in a definitivr way to social exclusion way to social exclusion and need for adequate housing, a right under the Portuguese Constitution. Focusing on the actual urban condition, in close cooperation with contemporary society, this work converge to the housing topic, pointing possible strategies of intervention in the pursuit of more flexible and participatory approaches, as a result of a more reflexive way of building the city and respond to fondamental rights: the right to the city and the right to housing. Located in Unhos, talude militar is considered a critical urban area on the outskirts of Lisbon's larger urban zone. This area is regarded as incapable of renovation and the population, mostly from the archipelago of Cape Verde, is waiting for resettlement since 1993. Used as case study, the neighbourhood acted as stage to perform a range of activities that allowed us to draft reflections on the process of recolocation that already started, but especially on the process of recolocation that is still in progress.
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Dromantas, Marius. "Vidaus degimo variklių alternatyvių degalų efektyvumo lyginamoji anlizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050627_125637-70710.
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This article presents the comparative bench testing results of a naturally aspirated, four stroke, four cylinder, water cooled, direct injection Diesel engine when runing on Diesel fuel and shale oil that is produced in Estonia from local oil Shale. The purpose of this research is to investigate the possibility of practical usage of the shale oil as the alternative fuel for a high speed Diesel engine as well as to evaluate the combustion efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, emission composition changes and the smoke opacity of the axhausts.
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Rainer, Franz. "Origen y andanzas del término económico dita. Origin and vicissitudes of the business term dita." Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/rfe.2019.006.
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The etymology of the business term dita, which survives in America and in Andalusia, is still considered unresolved in the online version of the dictionary of
the Real Academia. Over a hundred years ago, Cuervo proposed an Italian origin, while Corominas later preferred a Catalan origin. In this article, I intend to show that the term indeed has Italian roots, but entered Spanish via Catalan. I will also argue that the hypotheses put forward by Cuervo and Corominas concerning the concrete word that served as a model were incorrect. The correct etymon is Italian detta, which in the Middle Ages referred to the words pronounced by a banker when transferring Money from one account to another.
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Gonçalves, Ana Rosária Oliveira. "Procedimentos de licenciamento de utilizações de água nas regiões hidrográficas do Sado e Mira (RH6) e do Guadiana (RH7)." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18244.
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Actualmente a água é um valor patrimonial ecológico e social que satisfaz funções em detrimento do seu uso. Face a este modelo, é necessário efetuar uma gestão integrada de recursos naturais, onde a água desempenha um papel decisivo. O presente quadro legal e institucional português, assente na Directiva Quadro da Água, aponta claramente para uma visão de protecção e utilização sustentável das massas de águas subterrâneas e de superfície, quer sejam interiores, estuarinas ou costeiras. Nesta perspectiva, visando a melhoria contínua dos serviços prestados, apostando na modernização e simplificação administrativa para uma utilização eficiente e sustentável das águas, procede-se à organização metódica, coerente e integrada dos procedimentos de licenciamento no âmbito da utilização dos recursos hídricos para captação de águas existentes nas regiões hidrográficas do Sado e Mira (RH6) e do Guadiana (RH7), afectas à Administração da Região Hidrográfica do Alentejo, I.P. Esta estrutura de procedimentos sistematiza os trâmites associados aos procedimentos legais e técnicos, desde a formalização da instrução de pedido, à decisão e consequente emissão de título. Adoptando uma perspectiva de consistência na tramitação dos processos de licenciamento, pretende-se formalizar nesta metodologia, uma ferramenta, para utilizadores e técnicos superiores da administração pública, que possibilite maior celeridade e eficácia na apreciação processual, bem como minimizar constrangimentos ao desenvolvimento das actividades associadas e/ou dependentes de captações de água; ABSTRACT: Nowadays water is an ecological and social heritage with functions determined by its use. This model requires natural resources integrated management, where freshwater plays a decisive role. The portuguese present institutional and legislative framework, regulations that transpose the Water Framework Directive, lead to protection and sustainable use of inland surface waters, transitional waters, coastal waters and groundwater. Hence, in order to improve official services for a simpler and more modern administration, aiming efficient and sustainable use of water, this procedures establishes a coherent and methodical organization of water use permit procedures for Sado and Mira (RH6) and Guadiana (RH7) river basin districts, in the Administração de Região Hidrográfica do Alentejo, I.P. area. This methodology gathers water permit legal and technical procedures, from the request to permit issuance. This guide to both water users and permit writers will ensure consistency in procedures in order to create a faster and effective review instrument and minimize water abstraction dependent activities constraints.
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Laura, Antonovic. "Radiobiological end-points for the theoretical evaluation of the effectiveness of carbon ions and photons in treating tumours with dynamic hypoxia." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-102731.
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Tumours are characterised by unorganised vasculature, which often results in hypoxic regions. Hypoxia is a common cause for photon radiotherapy (RT) treatment failure, as hypoxic cells require up to 2-3 times higher doses compared to well-oxygenated cells for the same effect in terms of cell kill. The increase in dose that would be required to treat the tumours of cancer patients is limited by the radiation sensitivity of surrounding normal tissues. Using carbon ions instead of photons, the radiation dose can be conformed to the tumour to a much higher degree, resulting in an improved sparing of normal tissues. In addition, carbon ions have a much higher radiobiological effectiveness near the end of their range, which is positioned in the tumour. Also, the radiation modes of action leading to cell death when carbon ions interact with living tissues, are less sensitive to the oxygen status compared with the action modes of photons. The focus of this thesis lies in the development of models for the computation of the cell surviving fraction and tumour control probability (TCP) in hypoxic tumours after photon and carbon ion RT. The impact of fractionation was evaluated with regard to possible spatial changes in oxygenation, both for stereotactic body RT and for carbon ion RT. The feasibility of a method to determine and deliver the optimal photon dose for achieving a high TCP according to spatial variations in radiation sensitivity was evaluated in a treatment planning study. The radiobiological models were finally used for the theoretical quantification of the gain in using carbon ions instead of photons. The results show that there are great possibilities to increase the number of positive outcomes of radiation treatment of tumours if the key influential factors are taken into account, such as level and distribution of hypoxia, radiation quality and choice of fractionation schedule.At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows; Paper 3: Manuscript; Paper 4: Epubl ahead of print; Paper 5: Manuscript
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Call, Whitney Marissa. "Rae, Baby." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3413.
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This thesis is a young adult fictional novel from the perspective of Rachel Jackson, or Rae, a seventeen year-old girl with Williams Syndrome, a rare developmental disorder caused by missing genes on chromosome 7 that causes those with it to lack logical connections, yet possess very gregarious, social, and musical personalities. Think of it as an inverted form of autism. At the genesis of the novel, Rae becomes pregnant. Upon misunderstanding her mother's sugar-coated reasoning for giving the baby up for adoption, Rae spends the novel trying to find a man to marry so that, in her understanding, she may keep her child. Along her journey, Rae meets Theo, a well-meaning Christian boy, who appears to be a possible match. Rae falls in love with Theo and gets into various kinds of trouble as she discovers how to take care of herself as well as how to accept herself, disorder and all. Along with her hardworking mother, her feisty grandmother, and her sassy little sister, Rae endeavors this bildungsroman to discover who she is and how she fits into society.
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Rodrigues, Artemis Socorro do Nascimento. "Caracterização molecular dos antigenos RhD, (RhD fraco e RhD parcial) e sua aplicação na pratica transfusional." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310418.
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Orientador: Lilian Maria de CastilhoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T11:27:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigues_ArtemisSocorrodoNascimento_D.pdf: 9543028 bytes, checksum: 5774a3716484ea2212070f20c266a89f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Resumo: Considerando a imunogenicidade e importância clínica do antígeno RhD bem como o grande número de variantes RhD identificadas, estudos que possam esclarecer sua expressão e mecanismos moleculares envolvidos são importantes para a padronização de técnicas moleculares e sorológicas em diferentes populações. Assim foram nossos objetivos: padronizar técnicas moleculares para realização da genotipagem RHD fraco e determinar sua ocorrência na população brasileira; associar os tipos de RhD fracos encontrados com os haplótipos Rh presentes; e avaliar a aplicação da determinação do antígeno RhD na prática transfusional. Estudamos 503 amostras de DNA de doadores voluntários de sangue fenotipados como RhD ftaco. Destas amostras de DNA estudadas, 415 (82,5%) foram caracterizadas como RhD ftaco, 65 (12,9%) como RhD parcial, 15 (3%) apresentaram associações de RhD parcial e RhD ftaco e 8 (1,6%) foram RhD normal. I Os antígenos RhD fraco tipos 1, 3 e 4 foram os mais fteqüentes em nossa população. Como estes três tipos de RhD fraco não apresentam risco de aloimunização anti-D, pacientes assim classificadospodem ser transfundidos com sangue RhD-positivo. Nossos resultados demonstraram que 12,~A>das amostras fenotipadas como RhD fraco eram na verdade RhD parcial. Os antígenos RhD parciais encontrados em nosso estudo foram D~ DHMi e DVI. Quarenta (7,9%) amostras de DNA foram caracterizadas como D~ 16 (3,2%) como DHMi e 9 (1,8%) como DVI. A caracterização dos antígenos RhD parciais que reagem sorologicamente como RhD ftaco, tais como D DHMi e RhD categoria VI pode ser de grande auxilio na prevenção da aloimunização anti-D em pacientes politransfundidos e gestantes. A freqüência dos antígenos RhD parciais D~ DHMi e DVI encontrada em nossas amostras sugere um elevado risco de aloimunização ao antígeno RhD em pacientes fenotipados como RhD ftaco. - Das 503 amostras estudadas, 15 apresentaram mutações responsáveis pela expressão do antígeno RhD fraco e ao mesmo tempo mutações características de antígenos RhD parciais, ou seja, estas amostras possuíam os antígenos RhD fraco e RhD parcial associados. Estudamos quatro amostras de DNA de pacientes fenotipados como RhD :fraco que apresentavam anti-D. Nosso estudo demonstrou que a aloimunização anti-D nestes pacientes estava relacionada à presença de um antígeno RhD parcial e não a um antígeno RhD :fraco como diagnosticado sorologicamente. Duas amostras foram classificadascomo RhD parcial DAR, 1 como RhD parcial DHMi e 1 como DVI. Os resuhados demonstraram que os tipos de RhD fraco 1, 2, 3 e 4 que foram detectados à TA ou à 3'te e apresentaram grau de aglutinação superior a 1+ na AGH podem ser considerados como RhD positivo, pois não foram associados ao antígeno RhD parcial. Apesar deste trabalho ter sido o único que relacionou os tipos de RhD ftaco com o grau de aglutinação, a literatura revela que ainda não foi demonstrada aloimunização anti-D em pacientes portadores dos antígenos RhD fraco tipos 1,2 e 3. De acordo com os nossos resultados pode-se concluir que: 1. A transfusão com sangue RhD-positivo pode ser recomendada para todos os pacientes que apresentam os tipos do antígeno RhD :ftaco 1, 3 e 4 identificados por técnicas moleculares e para aqueles que apresentarem grau de aglutinação superior a 1+ na fenotipagem RhD. 2. A utilização de métodos de fenotipagem mais sensíveis em combinação com reagentes anti-D de alta afinidade é recomendada na detecção de antígenos RhD ftaco com baixa densidade antigênica em doadores de sangue; 3. Há necessidade da utilização de dois anti-soros monoc1onais (IgM e IgG) na determinação do antígeno RhD :ftacoem pacientes; 4. As genotipagens RHD, RHD ftaco e RHD parcial devem ser rea1i73dasquando os resuhados sorológicos não forem claros ou quando o paciente for politransfundido. 5. A biologia molecular associada à hemaglutinação pode aumentar consideravelmente a segurança transfusional pela mellior caracterização dos antígenos RhD em nossa população
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to characterize by molecular studies theRhD antigens (weak D and partial D) in Brazilian blood donors. DNA samples ftom 503 blood donors phenotyped as weak D were tested by two different sequence-specific primers (pCR-SSP) assays to determine the presence or absence of RHD gene (PCR-SSP intron 4 and exon 10) and to detect the common weak D types. Ofthe 503 weak D samples studied, 415 (82,5%) were identified as weak D, 65 (12,9%) as partial D, 15 (3%) showed association ofweak D and partial D and 8 (1,6%) were normal D. Weak D types 1, 3 and 4 contributed more than 85% of alI molecular weak D types. For these 3 types, D-positive transfusion can be considered safe because no immunization events have been documented yet. These findings show for the first time the frequency of weak D types in Brazilians. Molecular analysis showed that 12,9% of the weak D phenotype samples studied carried a partia! D alIele. The partial Ds found in our study were DAR, DVI and DHMi. Forty (7,9%) DNA samples were characterized as DAR, 16 (3,8%) as DHMi and 9 (1,8%) as DVI. The characterization of the partia! D antigens DAR, DHMi and DVI may avoid alIoimmunization in patients phenotyped as weak D. Fiffeteen patients showed mutations to weak D and partia! D showing that these samples had the weak D and partia! D antigens associated. We also studied 4 DNA samples of patients phenotyped as weak D who had developed anti-D. Our study showed that anti-D alIoimmunization in these patients was associated with the presence of partia! D antigens. Two samples were classified as partia!, D DAR, 1 as DHMi and 1 was DVI.AlI the weak D types identified in our study were associated with the intensity of agglutination obtained at room temperature (RT), 3'fC and AGH. The sensitivity of detecting weak D depends on the anti-D reagent and on the exact conditions of the methods. Our results showed that the weak D types 1, 2, 3 and 4 were frequently detected at RT and 3'fC and therefore could be considered as D-positive for transfusion. According to our results we could recommend the use ofmonoclonal anti-DIgM with high avidity to detect weak D antigen with low antigen density in blood donors and two monoclonals, one IgM and one IgG in combination with AGT to detect the weak D antigen in patients
Doutorado
Ciencias Basicas
Doutor em Clínica Médica
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Axelsson, Lena. "Karakterisering av blodgruppsgenen RHD hos patienter med svagt RhD-antigenuttryck." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24168.
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Rh-blodgruppssystemet är mycket komplext med 54 blodgruppsantigen som kodas av två nära varandra belägna gener på kromosom 1 – RHD och RHCE. RHD-genen kodar för RhD-proteinet, ett membranbundet protein på erytrocyter vars antigen utgör de kliniskt viktigaste och mest immunogena efter ABOsystemets, och som kan ge upphov till transfusionskomplikationer och hemolytisk sjukdom hos foster och nyfödda. Vissa individer har varianter av RhD-protein som uttrycks svagare än normalt (”svaga D”), eller där vissa epitoper saknas (”partiella D”), och för vilka serologiska metoder inte kan ge enhetliga resultat. Detta orsakar problem vid blodtransfusion, graviditet och bloddonation, och leder ofta till användning av det redan knappa lagret av RhD-negativa blodenheter för att skydda patienten. I detta projekt har åtta prover med svaga RhD-antigenuttryck sekvenserats med avseende på RHD-genen i syfte att fastställa individernas RhDfenotyp. I sex av proverna hittades sex nukleotidpolymorfismer och två deletioner, som alla är sällsynta men dock är kända sedan tidigare. I två prover kunde inga mutationer i exon eller intilliggande intron påvisas som förklaring till de svaga uttrycken av RhD hos dessa individer.The Rh blood group system is very complex with 54 blood group antigens encoded by two adjacent genes on chromosome 1 – RHD and RHCE. The RHD gene encodes the RhD protein, a membrane bound protein on erythrocytes whose antigens are the most clinically important and immunogenic after those of the ABO system, and which can result in transfusion complications and haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Some individuals have variants of the RhD proteins that are expressed more weakly than normal (“weak D”), or have some of the epitopes missing (“partial D”), and for which serological methods cannot give a uniform result. This provides a problem in blood transfusion, pregnancy, and blood donation, and often results in the use of the already sparse supply of RhDnegative blood units for the safety of the patient. In this project, eight samples with weak RhD antigen expression have been sequenced with regard to the RHD gene in order to determine the RhD phenotype of the individuals. In six of the samples, six single nucleotide polymorphisms and two deletions were found, all of which are rare but are previously known. For two of the samples, no mutations in exons or adjacent introns could be detected to explain the weak expression of RhD in those individuals.
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Fauré, Julien. "Régulation des GTPases de la famille RHO par RHO-GDI." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10006.
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Les membres de la famille RHO de GTPpases monomériques sont des interrupteurs moléculaires impliqués dans la transduction de nombreux signaux aboutissant notamment à la motilité cellulaire et à la transcription de gènes. Notre travail a porté sur le complexe formé entre la protéine G RHO et RHO-GDI, son régulateur naturel. Les deux protéines sont associées dans le cytosol mais il est nécessaire qu'elles soient séparées pour que RHO puisse exercer sa fonction. Nous nous sommes intéressés aux stimuli permettant d'activer leur protéine G à partir de son complexe avec RHO-GDI. Nous avons d'abord mis au point dans un système d'expression eucaryote la production de complexes formés in vivo entre les GTPases de la famille RHO et RHO-GDI. La purification de ces complexes a abouti à la production de cristaux et devrait permettre l'étude de leurs structures tridimensionnelles. Nous avons utilisé ces complexes pour étudier l'effet des phosphoïnositides sur l'état d'association de RHO avec RHO-GDI. Nous avons montré que ces lipides induisaient une conformation pré-activée du complexe, sans toutefois dissocier les deux partenaires. La méthode double-hybride nous a permis de cloner par interaction avec RHO-GDI l'ensemble des membres de la famille RHO ainsi que plusieurs régulateurs potentiels. Cette methode a ensuite servi à étudier les zones de RHO susceptibles d'interagir avec RHO-GDI grâce à la production de mutants de RHOA. L'interaction entre la GTPase RHO et RHO-GDI met en oeuvre un résidu isoprène lié à l'extrémité c-terminale de RHO. Les mutants de RHOA ne portant pas ce résidu sont cependant toujours capables d'interagir avec RHO-GDI, vraissemblablement grâce à la zone d'insertion de RHO. Enfin, une technique d'overlay a été utilisée pour mettre en évidence des partenaires membranaires du complexe RHO/RHO-GDI activé par les phosphoïnositides. Une protéine de 32kda, lâchement attachée à la membrane, a ainsi été isolée comme régulateur potentiel du complexe RHO/RHO-GDI.
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Käyhkö, T. (Tomi). "REE-malmien rikastusmenetelmät." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201603171325.
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Kandidaatintyön tarkoituksena oli käydä läpi eri REE-malmien rikastuksissa käytettävät menetelmät. Työssä kerrotaan perusmenetelmien teoriat ja yleisimmät tekniikat REE-mineraalien rikastuksessa. Menetelmien kuvauksissa on käytetty lähteenä mineraalitekniikan perusteoksia. Rikastusmenetelmiä käytetään useissa eri tekniikoissa, jotka ovat kehittyneet ajan saatossa. Työssä on pyritty keskittymään erityisesti REE-rikastuksessa käytettäviin sovelluksiin.
REEn kriittisyys on noussut viime vuosina pinnalle, sillä Kiina ilmoitti viennin rajoituksista. Kiina on ylivoimaisesti suurin REEn tuottaja, mutta rajoitusten vuoksi muiden maiden tulisi pystyä kasvattamaan tuotantoa. Tuottajamaiden täytyisi kehittyä hyödyntämään esiintymät paremmin, kehittämällä tuottavampia rikastusmenetelmiä tai kierrättämällä metallit uusiokäyttöön. Harvinaisten maametallien erottaminen on usein hankalaa ja niiden rikastaminen kannattavasti on haastavaa. Rikastuksen vaikeuteen vaikuttaa malmien monimutkainen koostumus sekä radioaktiivisten aineiden esiintyminen samoissa malmeissa.
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Kindberg, Oskar. "RAE och Damallsvenskan." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-27608.
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I en allt mer elitsatsande idrott skapas fler och fler svårigheter och problem. Ett av dessa är relative age effect (RAE). RAE innebär att det finns en överrepresentation i deltagarpopulationen av deltagare som är födda tidigt på året. Anledningen till detta problem befattas av fler olika anledningar men det som främst brukar förklara fenomenet är den eventuella skillnaden i biologisk mognad mellan idrottande ungdomar. Fenomenet har tidigare visat stor närvaro i ungdomsidrotten och i vissa delar av senioridrott också. Dock har större delarna av studierna som gjorts på olika sporter bara analyserat ungdom- eller herrfotboll. Där av denna studiens fokus på elitdamfotboll. Syftet med studien är att analysera förekomsten av relative age effect i damallsvenskan under säsongen. Två frågeställningar, med inriktning mot födelsekvartil och olika deltagande nivåer, testades på spelare i damallsvenskan under säsongen 2018. Studien innefattade även en jämförelsepopulation för att kunna se om det finns en snedfördelning av deltagare utifrån den nationella befolkningen av kvinnor i Sverige. Första frågeställningen riktade in sig på att analysera fördelningen av spelare i olika kvartil utifrån den förväntade fördelningen som jämförelsepopulationen bidrog med. Den andra frågeställningen syftade på att analysera spelarnas fördelning utifrån deras födelsekvartil och hur många matcher de spelade under säsongen. Båda frågeställningarna använde metoden Chi2-tester för att få fram ett resultat som kan bevisa om relative age effect existerar i de analysera grupperna. Båda frågeställningarna resulterade i att det inte fanns bevis för relative age effect inom något område i damallsvenskan säsongen 2018, varken utifrån fördelningen av antalet spelare i födelsekvartilen eller utifrån antalet spelade matcher. Det fanns in heller några statistiskt signifikanta skillnader mellan de individuella kvartilen.In an increasingly competitive sports world more and more problems and difficulties develop. One of these is relative age effect (RAE). RAE implies that there is an overrepresentation of participants in a population that are born early in the year. The reason for this problem depends on many different reasons but the most usual reason for explaining the phenomenon is the possible differences in biological maturity between sporting youths. The phenomenon has previously shown a large presence in youth sports and for some cases in adult sports as well. But the dilemma is that most of the studies done are on either youth- or adult sports. Therefor this study is focused on highly competitive women’s soccer. The aim of this study is to analyze the presence of relative age effect in damallsvenskan in the season of 2018. Two questions of the issue, one focused on birth quartiles and the other focused on participation levels, was tested on players from the 2018 season in the damallsvenskan. The study includes a comparison population aimed to se if there is an uneven distribution of participants based on the national population of women in Sweden. The first question of the issue is aimed to analyze the distribution of players in different quartiles in comparison to the comparison population. The second question of the issue aimed at analyzing distribution of players based on their birth quartiles and the amount of games played during the season. Both questions of the issue used the method Chi2-tests for getting a result that could show if relative age effect exists in the analyzed groups. Both resulted in showing that there was no evidence for relative age effects existence in 2018 season of damallsvenskan, not in the distribution of players birth quartiles or in the distribution based on amount of games played. There wasn’t a statistically significand difference between the individual quartiles either.
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Bucic, Ida. "Pollard's rho method." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för matematik (MA), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85886.
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In this work we are going to investigate a factorization method that was invented by John Pollard. It makes possible to factorize medium large integers into a product of prime numbers. We will run a C++ program and test how do different parameters affect the results. There will be a connection drawn between the Pollard's rho method, the Birthday paradox and the Floyd's cycle finding algorithm. In results we will find a polynomial function that has the best effectiveness and performance for Pollard's rho method.
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Vanhoefer, Pit. "Study of B0->rho rho decays with the belle experiment." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-183537.
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Nguyen, Dinh Huu. "On [rho]-generic splitting varieties for Milnor K-symbols mod [rho]." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1905631291&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Tsipolitis, George. "[Omega omega] and [rho]+[rho-] production in two photon interactions at ARGUS." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74351.
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The reactions $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ 2$ pi sp+2 pi sp-2 pi sp0$ and $ gamma gamma to pi sp+ pi sp- pi sp0 pi sp0$ have been studied by using the ARGUS detector at the $e sp+e sp-$ storage ring DORIS II at DESY.In the $2 pi sp+2 pi sp-2 pi sp0$ final state the production of $ omega$-mesons is observed and in particular the reaction $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ $ omega omega$ is seen for the first time. The cross section for $ gamma gamma to omega omega$ is found to have an enhancement at $ sim$1.9GeV/c$ sp2$ of about 12 nb. The topological cross sections for the reactions $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ 2$ pi sp+2 pi sp-2 pi sp0$ and $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ $ omega pi sp+ pi sp- pi sp0$ are also measured.
The production of charged $ rho$-mesons is observed in the $ pi sp+ pi sp- pi sp0 pi sp0$ final state. The cross section for the reaction $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ $ rho sp+ rho sp-$ is measured for the first time. The cross section did not show a threshold enhancement similar to that found in the reaction $ gamma gamma$ $ to$ $ rho sp0 rho sp0$ and is about a factor of four smaller. A spin parity analysis of the $ rho sp+ rho sp-$ system shows that the cross section is dominated by the two amplitudes $J sp{P}$ = 0$ sp+$ and $J sp{P}$ = 2$ sp+$ with helicity 2.
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Tichy, Eva [Verfasser]. "Ilias diachronica Rho (17)." Freiburg : Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1119327490/34.
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Maceček, Aleš. "Umělá neuronová síť RCE." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220065.
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This paper is focused on an artificial neural network RCE, especially describing the topology, properties and learning algorithm of the network. This paper describes program uTeachRCE developed for learning the RCE network and program RCEin3D, which is created to visualize the RCE network in 3D space. The RCE network is compared with a multilayer neural network with a learning algorithm backpropagation in the practical application of recognition letters. For a descriptions of the letters were chosen moments invariant to rotation, translation and scaling image.
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Rhee, Moon-Ho. "Kultur als Paradox Entwicklung und Krise des konfuzianischen Kapitalismus in Südkorea /." [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/1999/rhee/index.html.
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Blumenstein, Lars. "Rho-Effektor-Interaktion Struktur-Funktionsbeziehungen /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971971897.
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McGrath, J. D. "Maximal-#rho#-extensions and irreducibility." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235015.
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Newby, Gemma Elizabeth. "Rheo-sas form soft materials." Thesis, University of Reading, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529952.
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Schubert, Susanne, Sandra Heller, Birgit Löffler, Ingo Schäfer, Martina Seibel, Gaetano Villani, and Peter Seibel. "Generation of rho zero cells." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-167888.
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Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is located in discrete DNA-protein
complexes, so called nucleoids. These structures can be easily visualized in living cells by utilizing the fluorescent stain PicoGreen®. In contrary, cells devoid of endogenous mitochondrial genomes (ρ0 cells) display no mitochondrial staining in the cytoplasm. A modified restriction enzyme can be targeted to mitochondria to cleave the mtDNA molecules in more than two fragments, thereby activating endogenous nucleases.
By applying this novel enzymatic approach to generate mtDNA-depleted cells the destruction of mitochondrial nucleoids in cultured cells could be detected in a time course. It is clear from these experiments that mtDNA-depleted cells can be seen as early as 48 h post-transfection using the depletion system. To prove that mtDNA is degraded during
this process, mtDNA of transfected cells was quantified by real-time PCR. A significant decline could be observed 24 h post-transfection. Combination of both results showed that mtDNA of transfected cells is completely degraded and, therefore, ρ0 cells were generated within 48 h. Thus, the application of a mitochondrially-targeted restriction endonuclease proves to be a first and fast, but essential step towards a therapy for mtDNA disorders.
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Abbas, Leila. "Rho GTPases and zebrafish development." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249330.
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Cocks, Stuart Peter. "Rho prime electroproduction at HERA." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366427.
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Cannet, Aude. "Rôle du Rho-GEF Trio dans la division cellulaire." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20124.
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Durant la division cellulaire, la cellule subit des changements importants dans sa forme et son adhésion qui dépendent de l'efficacité du remodelage du cytosquelette d'actine. Ce processus est localement et temporellement régulé pour assurer le bon déroulement de la cytokinèse, l'étape finale de la division cellulaire. Il est contrôlé par les GTPases de la famille Rho via le remodelage du cytosquelette d'actine. Les Rho-GTPases fonctionnent comme des interrupteurs moléculaires, passant d'une forme au repos (liée au GDP) à une forme active (liée au GTP). La forme au repos interagit avec des facteurs d'échange, les GEFs (Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors) qui déplacent le GDP et permet la fixation du GTP. Le retour à la forme inactive se fait par hydrolyse du GTP en GDP, stimulée par les protéines GAPs (GTPase Activating Proteins). RhoA est un régulateur positif de la cytokinèse, activée spécifiquement à l'équateur de la cellule, et qui promeut l'assemblage et la constriction de l'anneau d'actomyosine. En contraste, Rac1 a été proposée pour réguler négativement ce processus et doit être inactivée spécifiquement à l'équateur de la cellule pour le bon déroulement de la cytokinèse. Ainsi, une GAP de Rac1, MgcRacGAP, qui est localisé sur le fuseau central de microtubules, inactive Rac1 à l'équateur de la cellule. La déplétion de MgcRacGAP induit des défauts de cytokinèse qui peuvent être sauvés en co-déplétant Rac1. Cependant, le Rho-GEF activant Rac1 durant la division cellulaire n'a pas encore été identifié. Pour identifier un GEF régulant l'activité de Rac1 dans les cellules en division, nous avons réalisé une approche de « screening » par siRNA dans les cellules HeLa. Les Rac-GEFs sont déplétés par siRNA seul ou en combinaison avec un siRNA ciblant MgcRacGAP, dans le but d'identifier lesquels sont capables de sauver le nombre de cellules multinuclées induit par la déplétion de MgcRacGAP. De façon intéressante, la co-déplétion de MgcRacGAP et du Rho-GEF Trio, un GEF caractérisé principalement pour son rôle dans la croissance et le guidage axonal, entraîne une forte diminution du nombre de cellules multinuclées. Par la suite, nous démontrons que ce sauvetage du phénotype passe par la voie Trio-Rac1 en utilisant des mutants GEFs inactifs de Trio et un inhibiteur spécifique de l'activation de Rac1 par Trio. Ces résultats et le rôle de MgcRacGAP dans l'inactivation de Rac1 en cytokinèse, suggèrent que la déplétion de Trio pourrait sauver les défauts de cytokinèse induits par la déplétion de MgcRacGAP en diminuant l'activité de Rac1. Cela suggère aussi que Trio pourrait être un GEF de Rac1 dans les cellules en division. Pour directement tester si Trio pouvait fonctionner comme un GEF de Rac1 dans les cellules en division, la quantité de Rac1 a été mesurée par « pull-down assay » dans des cellules synchronisées en mitose. Comparé aux cellules traitées avec un siRNA contrôle, la déplétion de Trio réduit de moitié la quantité de Rac1 activée dans les cellules en mitose, démontrant que Trio active Rac1 en mitose. De plus, la déplétion de Trio induit des défauts de remodelage du cytosquelette d'actine dans les cellules en anaphase. De façon intéressante, la déplétion de Trio phénocopie la déplétion de Rac1 et de son effecteur Arp2/3, en accord avec un rôle de la voie Trio-Rac1 dans le contrôle du remodelage du cytosquelette d'actine dans les cellules en division. L'ensemble de ce travail a permis d'identifier pour la première fois un GEF contrôlant l'activité de Rac1 dans les cellules en division dont l'activité s'oppose à la fonction de MgcRacGAP en cytokinèse. Nous proposons ainsi un modèle dans lequel Trio contrôle l'activation de Rac1 et le remodelage du cytosquelette d'actine au cortex cellulaire dans les cellules en division. Dans notre modèle, MgcRacGAP s'oppose à l'action de Trio en inhibant localement et temporellement l'activation de Rac1 au plan de division, assurant ainsi le bon déroulement de la cytokinèseDuring cell division, cells undergo dramatic changes in shape and adhesion that depend on efficient actin cytoskeleton remodeling. This process has to be locally and temporally regulated to accurately ensure cytokinesis, the final stage of cell division. The small GTPases Rac1 and RhoA play an essential role in this process by controlling F-actin cytoskeleton remodeling. GTPases oscillate between an inactive, GDP-bound state and an active, GTP-bound state. They are activated by Guanine-nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs), which stimulate the GDP-to-GTP exchange, while they are turned off by GTPase-Activating Proteins (GAPs) which catalyse the hydrolysis of GTP. RhoA is a positive regulator of cytokinesis specifically activated at the division plane, which promotes the assembly and constriction of the actomyosin network. In contrast, Rac1 has been proposed to negatively regulate this process and has to be inactivated at the division plane for cytokinesis to occur properly. A central spindle localized GAP, MgcRacGAP, component of the centralspindlin complex, controls Rac1 inactivation at the cleavage plane. Depletion of Rac1 can suppress the cytokinesis failure induced by MgcRacGAP depletion. However, the Rho-GEF that activates Rac1 during cell division has not been identified yet. To identify a GEF regulating Rac1 activity in dividing cells, we performed a siRNA screening approach in HeLa cells. Rac-GEFs were depleted by siRNA alone or in combination with MgcRacGAP siRNAs, in order to identify the ones able to rescue the multinucleated cells induced by MgcRacGAP depletion. Importantly, co-depletion of MgcRacGAP and Rho-GEF Trio, a GEF characterized primarily for its role in axon outgrowth and guidance resulted in a strong decrease in the number of multinucleated cells. Then, we demonstrate that this rescue is mediated by the Trio-Rac1 pathway, using GEF dead mutants of Trio and a specific inhibitor of Rac1 activation by Trio. These data and the fact that MgcRacGAP was recently described to be essential for Rac1 inactivation in cytokinesis, suggest that Trio depletion could rescue the cytokinesis failure induced by MgcRacGAP depletion by decreasing Rac1 activity. It therefore suggests that Trio could be a GEF of Rac1 in dividing cells. To directly test if Trio could function as a GEF of Rac1 in dividing cells, the amount of activated Rac1 was monitored by pull down assay in synchronized mitotic cells. Compared to control siRNA-treated cells, Trio depletion reduced by half the amount of activated Rac1 in mitotic cells, showing that Trio activates Rac1 in mitosis. Strikingly, Trio depletion led to defects in F-actin cytoskeleton remodeling in anaphase cells. Indeed, the F-actin staining at the cortex was significantly reduced in Trio-depleted cells compared to control cells. Interestingly, Trio depletion phenocopied the depletion of Rac1, consistent with a role for the Trio-Rac1 pathway in controlling F-actin remodeling in dividing cells.Overall, this work identifies for the first time a GEF controlling Rac1 activation in dividing cells that counteracts MgcRacGAP function in cytokinesis. Based on these observations, we propose a model in which Trio functions as a GEF of Rac1 during cell division. Trio, which is expressed throughout the cell cycle, activates Rac1 to control F-actin cytoskeleton remodeling at the cell cortex of dividing cells. MgcRacGAP therefore counteracts the action of Trio by locally and temporally inhibiting Rac1 activation at the division plane, subsequently ensuring accurate cytokinesis
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Naud-Barriant, Nathalie. "Etude de la fonction de la protéine MgcRacGAP dans la lignée germinale mâle." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077085.
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Gehrke, Janin. "Untersuchungen zu tanninbindenden Speichelproteinen des Rehs und anderer Wiederkäuer." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://pub.ub.uni-potsdam.de/2002/0013/gehrke.pdf.
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Schön, Jennifer. "Die saisonale Spermatogenese des Rehbockes (Capreolus capreolus) Charakterisierung der saisonalen Veränderungen histomorphometrischer Parameter des Rehhodens in Beziehung zur immunhistochemischen Lokalisation der Wachstumsfaktoren TGF[beta]1 [TGFbeta1] und 3, aFGF und VEGF /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2004/114/index.html.
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Feldhaus, Kirstin. "Die Hufrehe (Pododermatitis aseptica diffusa) des Pferdes ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Haustierkrankheiten /." Berlin : Mensch-und-Buch-Verl, 2005. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2006/226/index.html.
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Feldhaus, Kirstin. "Die Hufrehe (Pododermatitis aseptica diffusa) des Pferdes ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Haustierkrankheiten." Berlin Mensch-und-Buch-Verl, 2006. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2006/226/index.html.
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KAWABE, Iwao, Takafumi TAKAHASHI, Kazuya TANAKA, and Atsuyuki OHTA. "Hydration change reaction of light REE^3+(aq) series-II:Contrasting nephelauxetic effects between hydrated [REE(H_2O)_9]^3+ and [REE(H_2O)_8]^3+ series and the tetrad effects in their hydration enthalpies and REE-OH_2 distances." Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9423.
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Vanhoefer, Pit [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Kiesling. "Study of B0->rho rho decays with the belle experiment / Pit Vanhoefer. Betreuer: Christian Kiesling." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1073843181/34.
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Fujisawa, Kazuko. "Identification of the Rho-binding Domain of p160ROCK, a Rho-associated Coiled-coil Containing Protein Kinase." Kyoto University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202201.
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Holloway, Matthew. "Experimental study of REE carbonate and fluorocarbonate synthesis as a basis for understanding hydrothermal REE mineralisation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31162.
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Many of the world's economic rare earth element (REE) deposits are formed from, or have been subsequently upgraded by, hydrothermal fluids. Some of the most important REE minerals are the light REE (LREE) enriched fluorocarbonates and carbonates, which are commonly found in carbonatites. Textural and mineralogical evidence from these and other sites point towards wall rock composition as a major control on the observed REE mineralisation, with the supply of carbonate, and possibly fluoride, thought to be the limiting factor. Despite theoretical and experimental studies focussed on REE speciation in hydrothermal fluids, and a few on REE mineral solubility, there remains a lack of understanding of the processes occurring at the uid-rock interface during REE carbonate and fluorocarbonate mineralisation. Many of the issues surrounding this topic stem from the difficulty of working at elevated temperatures, low REE concentrations, and with the corrosive fluoride ion. The synthesis of REE carbonates under simple, low temperature conditions is a useful starting point for understanding REE mineralisation, and as such has been the focus of research for decades. Despite this, cross-series trends are rarely assessed together under the same conditions, and multi-REE-bearing systems - useful for assessing REE fractionation - have scarcely been explored. Furthermore, wall rock experiments, whereby REE-rich fluids are reacted directly with carbonate rocks, are absent from the literature. The same is true for systems containing fluoride, necessary for studying the formation of fluorocarbonates. A fuller understanding of REE mineralisation cannot be achieved until empirical experimental results can be compared with theoretical data and field observations. This thesis documents the laboratory synthesis of single- and multiple-REE-bearing carbonates and fluorocarbonates, and compares the findings with a mineralogical and textural study of two REE-bearing carbonatite deposits. The REEs La, Nd, Gd, Er and Yb were investigated as representatives of the entire series. The experiments constituted titrations of REE chloride solutions with sodium carbonate, and `wall rock reactions' of REE chloride with dolomite, or dolomite plus fluorite. Batch and flow-through setups were used, and the experiments were performed, or the products aged, at temperatures ranging from ambient to 200 °C. Products were characterised by techniques such as PXRD and SEM to document their structure and morphology as a function of temperature, and assess the influence of single vs multiple REE on the final material (whether mixed or separate phases formed). Results showed that in titration experiments, the LREEs crystallised easily and at low temperatures (as low as room temperature), HREEs either do not crystallise (in some cases even at 200 °C) or are more diffcult to crystallise, and mixed LREE + HREE precipitates behaved more like HREE-only examples. The HREEs and LREEs + HREEs mostly produced X-ray amorphous materials, identified as carbonates using FTIR. These were analysed by XAS (XANES and EXAFS) to assess whether they possessed the same short-range structure as the crystalline phase into which are known to form, thus adding to the non-classical nucleation pathway argument as previously suggested for these materials. Results suggested the short-range order of most phases analysed were similar to known bulk phases, but that these were probably different to the earlier precipitates formed in solution. Additionally, in the mixed LREE + HREE systems (Nd+Er), REEs were well dispersed (as opposed to Nd- and Er-rich clusters). In contrast to the titration results were those of wall rock reactions, in which excellent crystallisation was observed for almost every REE configuration (single- or up to five- REE mix), or ageing duration. All but three of the phases produced were previously described natural or synthetic minerals. When fluorite was included in batch reactions the results were more varied: REE carbonates, fluorides and fluorocarbonates were all observed, but never together in the same sample (except in one example). A textural and mineralogical assessment of two carbonatite deposits, Bayan Obo, China and Tundulu, Malawi, which were analysed by EMPA, revealed multiple stages of hydrothermal activity, some of which related to REE fluorocarbonate mineralisation. REE fluorocarbonates, identified at both sites, were typically LREE enriched. No REE carbonates or fluorides were observed, despite the presence of fluorite (REE-barren) and carbonates at Bayan Obo, and carbonates (low REE content) at Tundulu. However, at both sites apatite contained considerable REE. The REE fluorocarbonates were not solely associated with carbonate wall rocks, although the Ca-REE fluorocarbonate synchysite was only observed in the significantly more carbonate-rock-rich Tundulu samples. At Bayan Obo, bastnasite and huanghoite (Ba-REE fluorocarbonate) were observed, the latter of which is reportedly replacing earlier Ca-REE fluorocarbonates. The results demonstrate the varying behaviour of REEs during precipitation under different conditions, and highlights the influence of dissolved carbonate supply rate to morphology, structure and crystallinity of the products. The occurrence of only one class of REE mineral (carbonate, fluoride or fluorocarbonate) in the synthetic experiments with fluoride may help explain the lack of natural REE carbonates and fluorides - and predominance of REE fluorocarbonates - in hydrothermal systems, as was observed in the natural samples studied. In addition, the lack (absence?) of naturally occurring HREE carbonates and fluorocarbonates in the studied carbonatites (and the literature) is suggested to result not from factors such as structural constraints, but instead from the relative crustal abundances of the individual REEs. It is shown that HREE carbonates and fluorocarbonates are valid species under certain conditions, but that these are not likely to occur naturally.
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Petit, Dominique. "Caractérisation de ARHGAP19, une nouvelle GAP de Rho impliquée dans la mitose des Lymphocytes T." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS018/document.
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Dans le but de déterminer le rôle des Rho GTPases et de leurs régulateurs dans les cellules hématopoïétiques, une analyse des niveaux d’expressions de 300 gènes codant pour des protéines impliquées dans les voies de signalisation dépendantes de Rho a été faite à partir d’échantillons de patients atteints de leucémies de type T-ALL. Il a ainsi pu être mis en évidence qu’un groupe de gènes incluant notamment RacGAP1, Ect2, Citron et ARHGAP19 variaient parallèlement. A l’exception de ARHGAP19, ces gènes avaient une fonction connue au cours de la mitose. Il a donc été entrepris de caractériser ARHGAP19 qui, d’après les banques de données, est spécifique du système hématopoïétique, et pour laquelle aucune fonction n’avait encore été déterminée.Afin de déterminer la fonction biologique de GAP19, un anticorps a été généré. Cet outil nous a permis de montrer que l’expression de la protéine est régulée au cours du cycle cellulaire et que sa localisation varie au cours de la mitose. Par ailleurs, nous avons montré que GAP19, joue un rôle essentiel dans le changement de forme des lymphocytes en mitose, la ségrégation des chromatides sœurs et le recrutement membranaire des effecteurs de RhoA au cours de la mitose. Nous avons aussi mis en évidence le mécanisme par lequel GAP19 permet le changement de forme dans les lymphocytes.Nous avons aussi montré que GAP19 est phosphorylée par CDK1 sur deux résidus présents dans la partie C-Terminale. Afin de mettre en évidence le rôle de ces phosphorylations, nous avons généré des cellules Kit225 transfectées avec des plasmides pour les formes non-phosphorylables de la protéine. Ceci nous a permis de mettre en évidence que la phosphorylation des résidus T404 et T476 permet la localisation cytoplasmique de GAP19 en début de mitose. Nous avons aussi pu observer lors de l’anaphase la formation de ponts de chromatines, ainsi qu’une augmentation significative de cellules multinucléées. Par ailleurs, nous avons procédé à des expériences de cytogénétique et d’immunofluorescence afin de déterminer, si les ponts de chromatines avaient pour origine soit des défauts de condensation de la chromatine, soit un stress réplicatif.Enfin, un possible modèle de la protéine ARHGAP19 a été généré et des simulations de dynamiques moléculaires réalisées afin de comprendre le rôle des phosphorylations par CDK1 a un niveau structurelIn an attempt to understand the role of Rho GTPases and their regulators in hematopoietic cell lines, expression levels of 300 genes were analyzed for proteins involved in Rho dependent signaling pathways from patients with T-ALL leukemia.It was shown that a group of genes consisting of RacGAP1, Ect2 and Citron varied concomitantly. With the exception of ARHGAP19, all already had a known function during mitosis. Consequently, it was decided to characterize ARHGAP19, which according to databases is specific of hematopoietic cell lines, and whose function was unknown. In order to determine the biological function of ARHGAP19, a specific antibody has been generated. This allowed us to demonstrate that the level of expression of the protein vary during the cell cycle and its localization varies during mitosis. In addition, we have shown that ARHGAP19 plays a central role in regulating cell shapes changes, sister chromatids segregation and RhoA effectors membrane recruitment during mitosis. We have also shown that this occurs by a previously undescribed pathway involving RhoA-ROCK-Vimentin.Finally, we have demonstrated that ARHGAP19 is a substrate of CDK1. It is phosphorylated on two residues located in the C-Terminal region of the protein. For investigating the role of these phosphorylations, we have generated Kit225 cell lines transfected with plasmids coding for the non-phosphorylable forms of the protein. This allowed us to show that phosphorylation of residue T404 and T476 are involved preventing GAP19 recruitment at the equatorial cell cortex during mitosis.In addition, we have observed the formation of chromatin bridges, as well as an increase in multinucleated cells. Thus, we have performed cytogenetic experiments for determining if chromatin bridges are due to chromosome condensation defects, or replicative stress. Finally, a possible tertiary structure of ARHGAP19 has been created de novo, and molecular dynamics simulations were generated in order to understand the role of these phosphorylations by CDK1 at a structural level
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Häusler, Lars Christian. "Aktivierung von GTPasen der Rho-Familie." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972269673.
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Gönenç, Atilla. "Coherent Rho Meson Electroproduction off Deuteron." FIU Digital Commons, 2008. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/283.
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QCD predicts Color Transparency (CT), which refers to nuclear medium becoming transparent to a small color neutral object produced in high momentum transfer reactions, due to reduced strong interaction. Despite several studies at BNL, SLAC, FNAL, DESY and Jefferson Lab, a definitive signal for CT still remains elusive. In this dissertation, we present the results of a new study at Jefferson Lab motivated by theoretical calculations that suggest fully exclusive measurement of coherent rho meson electroproduction off the deuteron is a favorable channel for studying CT. Vector meson production has a large cross section at high energies, and the deuteron is the best understood and simplest nuclear system. Exclusivity allows the production and propagation to be controlled separately by controlling Q 2 , lf (formation length), lc (coherence length) and t. This control is important as the rapid expansion of small objects increases their interaction probability and masks CT. The CT signal is investigated in a ratio of cross sections at high t (where re-scattering is significant) to low t (where single nucleon reactions dominate). The results are presented over a Q2 range of 1 to 3 GeV2 based on the data taken with beam energy of 6 GeV.
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Dhake, Parag. "Reexamination of Reverse Anomeric Effect (RAE)." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DhakeP2008.pdf.
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Hengen, Johanna, and Malin Petersson. "Utvärdering av röstbehandling med Rösthandikappindex (RHI)." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Logopedi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-93473.
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Enligt Hälso- och sjukvårdslagens ska behandling systematiskt utvecklas och säkras (HSL, SFS 1982:763). Logopedisk röstbehandling är inte ett undantag. I ett samverkansprojekt mellan Linköpings Universitet och sydöstra sjukvårdsregionen deltog sex logopedmottagningar genom att låta patienter som erhöll röstbehandling att fylla i självskattningsformuläret Rösthandikappindex, RHI, vid behandlingsstart och behandlingsslut. Projektets mål var att fungera som en utgångspunkt för framtida, systematiska förbättringsarbeten beträffande röstbehandling. Denna studie har ett tvådelat syfte. Den ämnar undersöka om summan av deltagarnas RHI-skattningar förändrades efter genomgången röstbehandling och huruvida ålder, röstkrav inom yrket samt antalet behandlingstillfällen påverkade resultatet av skattningarna. Syftet med studien är också att, med hjälp av en enkät, undersöka yrkesverksamma logopeders inställning till RHI som verktyg för bedömning av röstproblematik och utvärdering av röstbehandling. Patientdata inkluderar resultaten från 350 patienters självskattningar. Enkätmaterialet innehåller svaren från 23 respondenter. Wilcoxon teckenrangtest visar en signifikant skillnad i RHI-poäng före (Md = 42) och efter (Md = 23) behandling med en genomsnittlig minskning av 19 medianpoäng i RHI-indexet med en observerat stor effektstyrka (.55). Den observerade differensen, både totalt och inom varje enskilt delområde, överstiger tidigare föreslagna gränsvärden för behandlingseffekt som angavs vid utvecklandet att VHI och RHI. Analyser av materialet visar att den vanligaste förekommande röstpatienten är en kvinna i 50-årsåldern med dysfoni. Förekomsten av olika diagnoser varierade stort mellan de deltagande regionerna. Hög ålder hos patienten påverkade medianvärdet på RHI vid behandlingsstart och behandlingsslut, men inte den observerade skillnaden mellan de två skattningarna. Beroende på vilken mottagning som tillhandahöll behandlingen observerades signifikanta skillnader i hur många behandlingstillfällen som gavs, hur lång behandlingsperioden blev och hur stor skillnaden i RHI-poäng var efter genomgången behandling. Utifrån enkätutskicket föreföll de deltagande logopederna generellt övervägande positiva till RHI som verktyg för att utvärdera röstproblematik och röstbehandling. En majoritet nämnde dock svagheter med RHI som utvärderingsredskap.In accordance to the Swedish law of Health- and medical treatments, every intervention should systematically evolve and be improved in terms of safety (HSL, SFS 1982:763). Voice therapy is no exception. Six voice clinics participated in a collaborative project between Linköping University and the south-east hospital region by letting every patient receiving voice therapy complete the Swedish version of the Voice Handicap Index, RHI, at the beginning and end of their treatment. This study has a two-parted aim. The first aim of this study was to examine whether the sum of the participants’ scores on RHI changed after completed therapy and if gender, age, vocal strain within the occupation or the number of therapy sessions had an effect on their score. The second aim of the study was to construct a survey to analyze working speech-language pathologist’s views on RHI as a tool for evaluating voice problems and voice therapy. The material from the survey consisted of the answers from 23 respondents. The patient data includes the results from 350 patients’ scores. Analysis of the data reveals that the typical voice patient is a woman in her fifties with the diagnosis dysphonia. The prevalence of certain diagnoses varies greatly between the participating voice clinics. Wilcoxon sign rank test points to a significant difference in RHI-scores before (MD = 42) and after (MD = 23) therapy with an average decrease of 19 median points in the RHI-index with a substantial observed effect size (.55). The observed difference surpasses the previously suggested threshold limit for clear intervention effect during the development of VHI and RHI. Age had a significant effect on the median score of RHI at the start and end of therapy, but the observed difference between the two measurements were not affected. Differences could be observed between the voice clinics regarding the average number of therapeutic appointments, the average length of the therapy and the average difference in RHI-scores after completed therapy. From the responses in the survey, the participating SLPs were generally predominately positive to the idea of RHI as a tool for evaluating voice problems and voice therapy. The majority of the respondents did however mention weaknesses in RHI when used as a tool for evaluation.
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Åberg, Franz. "REE-förande fosfater i Blötbergets apatitjärnmalm." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-209556.
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The Blötberget deposit is situated in the north-western part of Bergslagen. The mineralization is an apatite-iron oxide ore of Kiruna type. In Bergslagen the apatite-iron oxide ores occur along a zone from Grängesberg through Blötberget to Idkerberget in the northeast and they represent the largest and the most important iron oxide deposit in Sweden, south of Norrbotten. Different REE hosting phosphate phases has been studied by optical microscopy and analyzed by EDS attached to an electron microscope. The key minerals other than iron oxides are apatite, monazite and xenotime. The relative concentration of the REE-bearing phases differs from the other apatite-iron oxide mineralizations in the area, for example Grängesberg, by a higher concentration of xenotime and lower contents of allanite.Blötbergets gruvor ligger i den nordvästra delen av Bergslagen, och utgörs av en apatitjärnmalm av Kirunatyp. Malmsstråket Grängesberg-Blötberget-Idkerberget är den största och viktigaste järnmineraliseringen i mellersta och södra Sverige. Detta arbete har fokuserat på olika REE-förande faser, framför allt fosfater. Undersökningen har utförts genom optisk mikroskopering och SEM-EDS analyser. Nyckelmineralen i denna undersökning är förutom järnoxider, apatit, monazit och xenotim. Fördelningen av REE-rika faser i apatitjärnmalmen i Blötberget skiljer sig en aning mot angränsande mineraliseringar som exempelvis Grängesberg. Blötberget har troligtvis en högre halt av xenotim och en lägre halt av allanit än Grängesberg.
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Schneider, Alex. "Classifying #rho#-groups and beyond coclass." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325934.
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Bauer, Tilman 1973. "[rho]-compact groups as framed manifolds." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8401.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 2002.In title on t.p. "[rho]" appears as the lower-case Greek letter.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-59).
We describe a natural way to associate to any [rho]-compact group an element of the [rho]-local stable stems, which, applied to the [rho]-completion of a compact Lie group G, coincides with the element represented by the manifold G with its left-invariant framing. To this end, we construct a d-dimensional sphere SG with a stable G-action for every d-dimensional [rho]-compact group G, which generalizes the one-point compactification of the Lie algebra of a Lie group. The homotopy class represented by G is then constructed by means of a transfer map between the Thom spaces of spherical fibrations over BG associated with SG.
by Tilman Bauer.
Ph.D.
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Marshall, Andrew Keith. "Signalling through Rho GTPases in cardiomyocytes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/6962.
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Endothelin-1 (ET-1) promotes changes in gene/protein expression in cardiomyocytes leading to hypertrophy. This results from activation of intracellular signalling pathways including small G proteins that activate protein kinases. Thus, ET-1 activates RhoA that stimulates ROCK and PKN, and Ras that promotes activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). Microarrays were used to dissect the roles of ERK1/2 vs RhoA in the cardiomyocyte transcriptomic response to ET-1 using PD184352 and C3 endotoxin from C. botulinum (C3T) for selective inhibition of the ERK1/2 cascade and RhoA, respectively. Microarray data were analysed using GeneSpring and data were validated by qPCR. ERK1/2 signalling positively regulated ~65% of the early gene expression response to ET-1 with a small (~2%) negative effect, whereas RhoA signalling positively regulated ~11% of the early gene expression response to ET-1 with a greater (~14%) negative contribution. Of RNAs non-responsive to ET-1, 66 or 448 were regulated by PD184352 or C3T, respectively, indicating that RhoA had a more significant effect on baseline RNA expression. mRNAs upregulated by ET-1 encoded several receptor ligands (e.g. Ereg, Areg) and transcription factors (e.g. Abra/STARS, Srf) that potentially propagate the response. Published studies suggest that PKN1 (activated by RhoA) is important in cardiomyocyte gene expression. Adenoviruses were generated to overexpress FLAG-tagged PKN1 in cardiomyocytes for protein kinase studies. Unexpectedly, PKN1 was not activated by ET-1, but was activated by oxidative stress, insulin, or hyperosmotic shock, stimuli that do not activate RhoA. Thus, PKN1 is not necessarily an effector of RhoA in cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, ERK1/2 dominates over RhoA in the early transcriptomic response to ET-1. RhoA plays a major role in maintaining baseline RNA expression but, as with upregulation of Abra/Srf by ET-1, RhoA may regulate changes in RNA expression over longer times. However, the effects of RhoA on cardiomyocyte gene expression are unlikely to be mediated through PKN1.
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Lüttringhaus, Timo. "RHD-Genotypisierung bei D-negativen Ostasiaten." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-61148.
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Amaral, Marília Abrahão. "Modelo RHA - Retroalimentação em Hipermídia Adaptativa." Florianópolis, SC, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/90895.
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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia e Gestão do ConhecimentoMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-23T16:29:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 255755.pdf: 1875883 bytes, checksum: 9f0f27e2e8d0618ff0e4a59173c66d38 (MD5)
A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo propor uma extensão para modelos de referência em hipermídia adaptativa de acordo com resultados de avaliação de aprendizagem e estilos cognitivos dos aprendizes. É proposto, portanto, um modelo denominado RHA, Modelo de Retroalimentação em Hipermídia Adaptativa, que utiliza os resultados obtidos com as avaliações de aprendizagem e as definições derivadas dos estilos cognitivos dos aprendizes a fim de prover a retroalimentação dos demais modelos existentes em um hipermídia adaptativo. Na concepção do RHA foi adotada a representação por meio da UML (Unified Modeling Language) com objetivo de diminuir o risco de ambigüidade, facilitar o processo de modelagem computacional, proporcionar o reaproveitamento do modelo e otimizar a implementação do mesmo. Para apoiar a criação do RHA, foi adotado o modelo de referência Munich. Este utiliza UML e apresenta uma arquitetura que contempla módulos tradicionais dos hipermídias adaptativos, tais como: modelo de domínio, de usuário e de adaptatividade; porém, como os demais modelos de referência atuais, este não contempla a definição de itens explícitos à reutilização dos dados obtidos com as avaliações de aprendizagem. O modelo RHA foi criado como uma extensão do Munich, com concepção fundamentada em duas dimensões de estilos cognitivos estabelecidos (MESSICK, 1976), que nortearam a escolha de instrumentos de avaliação de aprendizagem destinados à modalidade ensino a distância. Os instrumentos de avaliação de aprendizagem abrangem atividades definidas de acordo com um grupo de ferramentas de comunicação e interação (síncronas e assíncronas) amplamente adotadas no ensino a distância. A modelagem do RHA envolve aspectos relativos a UML, como a criação das classes com seus atributos e métodos e os relacionamentos entre as classes já existentes no Munich. Para simular a aplicação do modelo RHA, foi definido um domínio de conhecimento relacionado à área de apoio ao ensino sobre Mercado de Capitais. Este tema se mostrou adequado, pois dada à quantidade de materiais e informações disponíveis sobre o assunto, é relevante a adoção de diferentes estilos de aprendizagem com tipos particulares de conteúdos e empregos das ferramentas de comunicação e interação, visando à avaliação de aprendizagem, para públicos distintos. Atualmente o número de cursos a distância no referido domínio de conhecimento é escasso, o que o torna ainda mais relevante para exploração.
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Behrend, Anke. "Kinetik des Ingestaflusses bei Rehen (Capreolus capreolus) und Mufflons (Ovis ammon musimon) im saisonalen Verlauf." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1999. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=958576017.
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Heinken, Thilo, and Dorit Raudnitschka. "Do wild ungulates contribute to the dispersal of vascular plants in central European forests by epizoochory? A case study in NE Germany." Universität Potsdam, 2002. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2005/585/.
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The external dispersal ("epizoochory") of vascular plant diaspores (seeds and fruits) by roe deer and wild boar, i.e. the most common wild large mammals with a large home range in central Europe, was investigated in a 6.5-km² forest area in NE Germany dominated by mesic deciduous forests. The study involved brushing out the diaspores from the coats and hooves of 25 shot roe deer and nine wild boar. The results were compared with the forest vegetation of the study area. Whilst wild boar transported large amounts of various diaspores in the coat, the significance of roe deer for epizoochory was low due to their sleek fur and different behaviour compared to wild boar. Altogether, 55 vascular plant species were transported externally. Since only a limited number of seeds came from woodland habitats, the open landscape was at least as important as a source of attached seeds as the forest vegetation. Thus, most plant species occurring in the studied forest area, especially characteristic woodland herbs, showed no adaptations to epizoochorous dispersal, although being very abundant in the herb layer. We conclude that hoofed game play a particular role concerning the dispersal of ruderal and grassland species in the agricultural landscape of central Europe. However, the actual spread of some herb species in forests of northern Germany, e.g. Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Deschampsia flexuosa, Galium aparine and Urtica dioica, may be mainly facilitated by wild ungulates. Though dispersal by large mammals is an important mechanism for long-distance dispersal of plants in general, our results suggest that most of the characteristic herb species of mesic deciduous forests have only low epizoochorous dispersal potentials. The implications for nature conservation and silviculture are discussed.Die Ausbreitung von Gefäßpflanzen-Diasporen (Samen und Früchte) durch äußerliche Anhaftung ("Epizoochorie") an Rehen und Wildschweinen, den beiden häufigsten Schalenwild-Arten in Mitteleuropa, wurde im 6,5 km² großen Forst Brieselang bei Berlin (Bundesland Brandenburg) untersucht, in dem mesophile Laubwälder vorherrschen. Dazu wurden die Felle und Hufe von 25 geschossenen Rehen und neun Wildschweinen ausgekämmt und die Diasporen anschließend bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit der Waldvegetation verglichen. Während Wildschweine große Mengen verschiedener Diasporentypen transportierten, war die Bedeutung von Rehen für die Ausbreitung von Pflanzen auf Grund des glatten Fells und der im Vergleich zum Wildschwein unterschiedlichen Verhaltensweisen wesentlich geringer. Insgesamt wurden 55 Phanerogamenarten epizoochor transportiert. Da nur ein kleiner Teil der ausgebreiteten Pflanzen Waldhabitate bevorzugt, war das Offenland eine mindestens ebenso wichtige Quelle anhaftender Diasporen wie die Waldvegetation. Die meisten Waldpflanzenarten wurden nicht ausgebreitet; insbesondere solche Arten, die ausschließlich in Wäldern wachsen, wurden nicht nachgewiesen. Viele Pflanzenarten sind – vermutlich auf Grund ihrer Diasporenmorphologie – weitgehend vom Transport ausgeschlossen, obwohl sie sehr häufig in der Krautschicht des untersuchten Waldes vorkommen. Daher ist Schalenwild in der Agrarlandschaft Mitteleuropas vermutlich vor allem für die Ausbreitung von Ruderal-, Segetal- und Grünlandpflanzen von Bedeutung. Die Ausbreitung einiger Pflanzenarten der Krautschicht in norddeutschen Wäldern z.B. Agrostis capillaris, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Deschampsia flexuosa, Galium aparine und Urtica dioica, könnte jedoch wesentlich auf Schalenwild zurückgehen. Obwohl Großsäuger insgesamt ein wichtiger Vektor für die Fernausbreitung von Pflanzen sind, zeigt unsere Studie, dass die meisten charakteristischen Waldbodenpflanzen mesophiler Laubwälder kaum ausgebreitet werden, also nur ein geringes epizoochores Ausbreitungspotenzial aufweisen. Die Bedeutung der Ergebnisse für den Waldnaturschutz und den Waldbau wird diskutiert.