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Anisimova, Tatiana, Svetlana Chubay, and Natalia Prigarina. "Principles of Describing a Private Rhetoric Genres System." SHS Web of Conferences 50 (2018): 01041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185001041.
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The article states that the basis of the specialist’s speech competence constitutes the ability to create appealing speech works in the required genre in accordance with the situation, the audience and the communication goals. In this regard, it is evident that the development of private rhetoric is necessary for various professional spheres. The authors describe the principles of building such rhetoric as a system of professionally significant genres and propose a specific variant of the genre model, focused on a rhetorical understanding of professional communication. This model includes not only the positions which are traditionally included in the model of the speech genre (addressee and addresser, the purpose of speech and etc.) but also the positions which are characteristic only of a rhetorical genre (the value system and composition), and, what is more, these parameters are to form a recognizable “face” of a rhetorical genre.
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Krasnytska, Olha. ""Modern pedagogical rhetoric" in the preparation system of Doctors of Philosophy." Technium Social Sciences Journal 9 (June 12, 2020): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v9i1.934.
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The aim of the article is to cover the content of the author's course "Modern pedagogical rhetoric" in the preparation system of doctors of philosophy - future teachers of higher military education establishments. The preparation system of doctors of philosophy at the third (educational-scientific) higher education level is analysed in the article. The role of rhetoric as a science of public speaking and eloquence in the process of preparation of future teachers, scientists of higher military educational establishments was shown. The content of the author's course "Modern Pedagogical Rhetoric", which has been tested for three years, was revealed. The purpose of the discipline is to develop the rhetorical competence and rhetorical culture of a future teacher of a higher military school, a scientist, and to form his positive image. The program of the course "Modern Pedagogical Rhetoric" contains four main topics: the basics of public speaking of a teacher of a higher military school, the rhetorical culture of a teacher of a higher military school, the proficiency in preparing and conducting public speaking, the art of argumentation and polemics in the activities of a teacher of a higher military school. The first topic covers the concepts of rhetoric, public speaking and eloquence, pedagogical rhetoric, the principles of oratorical art, types and kinds of public speeches, ways of audience management during public speaking, peculiarities of listener’s perception of information, a pedagogical image of the teacher. The second topic focuses on the development of rhetorical culture, in particular, the technique and culture of speech. The third topic reveals the peculiarities of public speaking preparation, the subtleties of interaction with the audience, the construction of public speeches, their structure, the differences between informative and persuasive speeches. The fourth topic is aimed at mastering the art of argumentation and controversy, defines the features of logical and emotional argumentation in public speaking, rules of discussion, disputes, controversy, techniques for answering questions from the audience.
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Lattin, Bohn D. "Erasmus's Irenic Rhetorical System." Advances in the History of Rhetoric 1, no. 1 (January 1998): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15362426.1996.10500504.
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Fahnestock, Jeanne. "Rhetorical stylistics." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 14, no. 3 (August 2005): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947005054478.
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This article explores the nature of the stylistics embodied in the classical and early modern rhetorical tradition and argues that rhetorical stylistics differs in its assumptions and purposes from contemporary literary stylistics. Three areas of difference are discussed. First, rhetoric was a productive not an analytical art, and its criteria for language choices were radically functional and audience-based. Rhetoricians like Quintilian, for example, favored choices for ease of comprehension. Second, rhetorical stylistics, while recognizing genre differences, did not distinguish a separate domain of the literary. The system of rhetorical pedagogy incorporated ‘fictional’ genres and considered texts of every variety as potential ‘donors’ of examples of effective language use. Early modern rhetoricians considered all texts secular by default in comparison to the unique category of language in the Bible. Third, the language arts from antiquity through the early modern period were taught in three overlapping disciplines: grammar, rhetoric, and dialectic. In the last of these arts, the least understood today, stylistic advice played a surprisingly formative role in the construction of arguments. Figures of speech understood in this last context encode specific lines of arguments. A reassessment of the rhetorical tradition on the part of contemporary proponents of stylistics requires an appreciation of these differences.
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Ahmad, Nyarwi. "Presidential Rhetoric in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era: Jokowi’s Aristotelian Rhetorical Leadership Models Before and After Implementation of Semi-Lock Down Policy." Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia 6, no. 1 (June 15, 2021): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25008/jkiski.v6i1.538.
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Presidential rhetoric evolved across the globe. Knowledge regarding the ways the presidents in democratic countries, which followed the presidential government system, such as Indonesia, advanced Aristotelian rhetorical leadership models in the covid-19 pandemic era, has, however, under-developed. Selecting president Joko Widodo (Jokowi) as a study case, this work raises the following question: what types of Aristotelian rhetorical leadership models performed by Jokowi before and after semi-lock down policy (PSBB) and how did he advance such rhetorical leaderships models? Focusing on such questions, this work adopts the president’s rhetorical leadership models, posited by Teten (2007) and Aristotelian rhetoric models, formulated by Gottweis (2007), as a conceptual framework. The materials posted in official Facebook pages of president Joko Widodo were extracted using the classic content and the qualitative and thematic content analyses. The findings are follows. Soon after the covid-19 pandemic outbreak took place in Indonesia, he attempted to develop the following types of rhetorical leadership, which are the identification, the authority and the directive rhetoric and the etho -logo-, and patho-centric Aristotelian rhetoric. Based on Indonesia case, this work offers the following knowledge contribution. It gives us new knowledge of 9 Aristotelian rhetorical leadership models, which are the etho-, logo- and patho-centric identification rhetoric, the etho-, logo- and patho-centric authority rhetoric and the etho-, logo- and patho-centric directive rhetoric models. Not merely the presidents, but also the local governments’ leaders could adopt such rhetoric models when they want to resolve diverse issues resulting from the pandemic.
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Loveridge, Jordan. "Poetics, Probability, and the Progymnasmata in Matthew of Vendôme's Ars versificatoria." Rhetorica 37, no. 3 (2019): 242–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2019.37.3.242.
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Historians of rhetoric continue to debate the relative degree of transmission and implementation of the progymnasmata during the Middle Ages. This essay intervenes in this debate by analyzing Matthew of Vendôme's Ars versificatoria (Art of the Versemaker), showing that the treatise emphasizes the construction of probable assertions within a system of rhetorically-informed poetic composition. While past scholarship has shown Matthew's indebtedness to Ciceronian and Horatian rhetoric and poetics, this essay argues that progymnasmata exercises focused on probability and verisimilitude may have also influenced Matthew, suggesting the continued influence of the exercises within rhetorical and grammatical education during the 12th century.
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Coles, Gregory. "“What Do I Lack as a Woman?”: The Rhetoric of Megawati Sukarnoputri." Rhetorica 36, no. 1 (2018): 58–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2018.36.1.58.
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After serving as Indonesia's first female president from 2001 to 2004, Megawati Sukarnoputri remains one of Indonesia's most influential politicians. However, Indonesian rhetoric in general and Megawati's rhetoric in particular have been largely inaccessible to Western rhetorical scholarship because of barriers in language and culture. This essay extends scholarly access to Megawati's rhetoric by transcribing, translating, and evaluating key portions of her May 27, 2014 address at the Rakernas Partai Nasdem (National Democratic Parties Convention). Contextualized within the Indonesian political-rhetorical situation, Megawati's rhetoric embodies the necessity of paradox for negotiating identity as a powerful woman within a historically androcentric system.
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Aouad, Maroun. "La doctrine rhétorique d'Ibn Riḍwān et la Didascalia in Rhetoricam Aristotelis ex glosa Alpharabii." Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 7, no. 2 (September 1997): 163–245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0957423900002344.
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Striking similarities, often literal, between Ibn Riḍwan's Book on the Application of Logic in the Sciences and Arts and the Didascalia in Rhetoricam Aristotelis ex glosa Alpharabii lead to suppose that the first of these treatises has preserved something of the Arabic source of the second one, the Great Commentary on the Rhetoric by al-Fārābī, and to question on the originality of Ibn Riḍwan's rhetorical doctrine. In this paper, the texts on rhetoric of Ibn Riḍwan's treatise are edited, translated and placed in front of their correspondents of the Didascalia. They are then analysed and classified depending on their proximity and distance to the Didascalia. It appears that Ibn Riḍwān has, as the Didascalia, a system of the means of the persuasion which puts on the same level eight non pathetical means external to the speech, the enthymeme and the example. Nervertheless, one has also to note that Ibn Riḍwan's theory of rhetoric is radically different from Didascalia's: on the one side, a general rhetoric – non limited to specific activity, means, listeners and objects; on the other side, a special rhetoric, with such limitations. On the basis of these similarities and differences, I shall treat, in the next issue of A.S.P., the degree of dependence of Ibn Riḍwān's rhetorical doctrine towards the Didascalia, and the project underlying his work.
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Asgar, Professor Aidan, and Professor Umar Sayed. "Digital Rhetorical Investigation On Filing System And Info Change Of State." American Journal of Engineering And Techonology 01, no. 04 (November 1, 2019): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajet/volume01issue03-02.
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Fincham, Robin, and Tom Forbes. "Counter-rhetoric and sources of enduring conflict in contested organizational fields: A case study of mental health professionals." Journal of Professions and Organization 6, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 342–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpo/joz013.
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Abstract As a means by which actors justify beliefs and practices, rhetoric has a key institutional role. In contested settings, where multiple groups and the logics associated with them interact, research has highlighted rhetorical strategies that exploit rival systems. The account we develop expands on these ideas and suggests they embrace forms of counter-rhetoric, or arguments that delegitimize a rival’s logic and refine and reframe others’ values. We use these categories to explore the case of a local mental health service, an area of health policy known for problematic diagnosis and treatment. Here groups of medical and social-care providers were required to work together in a system of intensive inter-professional relations and clashing logics. Our analysis focuses on this interaction, exploring the language-based nature of logics and sources of conflict between logics that are asserted in counter-rhetorical forms.
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Garrett, Mary M. "“What Need is There of Words?” The Rhetoric of Lű's Annals (Lűshi chunqiu)." Rhetorica 30, no. 4 (2012): 354–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2012.30.4.354.
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This essay introduces Lű's Annals (Lűshi chunqiu), a classical Chinese text with a wealth of material on rhetoric. Not only does the text evaluate numerous examples of persuasion and sophistry, it also lays out a system of rhetorical precepts grounded in a distinctive ontology, that of correlative cosmology. After outlining the cosmology, epistemology, and theory of language of Lű's Annals, I trace how these shape its rhetorical theory and practices. I then consider how the text itself works as a persuasive artifact in the light of its own strictures. The essay closes with some reflections on why this valuable resource for Classical Chinese rhetoric has been neglected.
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Ерзнкян and Bagrat Yerznkyan. "Institutional Economics: Rhetoric and Myths." Administration 4, no. 3 (September 17, 2016): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21292.
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This article analyzes the application of rhetoric in institutional economics interpreted in various – evaluative, disciplinary, instrumental – aspects. When considering the rhetoric with the evaluative position the emphasis is done not on the positive and neutral, but on its negative – for the recipients – treatment. In terms of disciplinary or specific scientific fields, the main attention is paid to the system, as well as evolutionaryinstitutional approach. A detailed analysis of rhetorical instruments that serve as a tool for manipulating the target audience is done. On the example of the study of place and role of cultural code in economic research it is shown by which rhetorical means myths are introduced into scientific circulation.
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Gowland, Angus. "Rhetorical Structure and Function in The Anatomy of Melancholy." Rhetorica 19, no. 1 (2001): 1–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2001.19.1.1.
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In writing The Anatomy of Melancholy Robert Burton was working within the system of classical rhetoric as revived in the Renaissance, specifically the epideictic genus. A juxtaposition of the topics, arguments, and tripartite form employed by Burton with the treatment of epideictic in Aristotle's Rhetoric, as well as with aspects of the Roman and Hellenistic rhetorical traditions, shows how Burton has playfully adapted Renaissance conceptions of epideictic rhetoric forencyclopaedic, satirical, andself-expressive purposes. The function of rhetoric in the Anatomy is both to ‘dissect’ the corpus of knowledge about melancholy and to ‘show forth’ the author's own melancholic condition.
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Monti, Richard C. "Poetry, Rhetoric, and Science: The Case of Plaustra Bootes." Mnemosyne 65, no. 1 (2012): 94–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852511x547794.
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Abstract This article examines the aural qualities of the collocation plaustra Bootes, its application in Latin poetry, and the precepts of rhetorical theory which explain its use. Plaustra Bootes, which occurs frequently, refers to either or both of the circumpolar constellations Ursa Major and Ursa Minor, configured as ‘wagons’, and to Bootes, the ‘Oxman’ who tends them. The case is made that the collocation is a poetic formula characterized by solemnity of diction, and that its application is limited to contexts, usually characterized by highly elaborate rhetoric, which train the attention on matters of natural science and philosophy. The rhetorical theory of the sublime provides the means to explain the pairing of diction and subject matter. It establishes a hierarchy of sublime topics which include philosophy and natural science, and it indicates the appropriate manner to express elevated thought. In this way rhetorical theory raises the question of the place of science in rhetoric and poetry. Implicit in the theory of the sublime is a system of thought in which rhetoric, poetic theory, and science are aligned with each other as representations in different domains of the same reality.
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Samuel-Azran, Tal, Moran Yarchi, and Gadi Wolfsfeld. "Aristotelian rhetoric and Facebook success in Israel’s 2013 election campaign." Online Information Review 39, no. 2 (April 13, 2015): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-11-2014-0279.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the mapping of the social media discourse involving politicians and their followers during election campaigns, the authors examined Israeli politicians’ Aristotelian rhetoric on Facebook and its reception during the 2013 elections campaign. Design/methodology/approach – The authors examined the Aristotelian rhetorical strategies used by Israeli politicians on their Facebook walls during the 2013 elections, and their popularity with social media users. Findings – Ethos was the most prevalent rhetorical strategy used. On the reception front, pathos-based appeals attracted the most likes. Finally, the results point to some discrepancy between politicians’ campaign messages and the rhetoric that actually gains social media users’ attention. Research limitations/implications – The findings indicate that Israel’s multi-party political system encourages emphasis on candidates’ credibility (ethos) in contrast to the prevalence of emotion (pathos) in typical election campaigns in two-party systems like the USA. One possible explanation is the competitive nature of elections in a multi-party system where candidates need to emphasise their character and distinct leadership abilities. Practical implications – Politicians and campaign managers are advised to attend to the potential discrepancy between politicians’ output and social media users’ preferences, and to the effectiveness of logos-based appeals. Originality/value – The study highlights the possible effect of the party system on politicians’ online rhetoric in social media election campaigns.
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Makarova, L. E. "Nikolay Grech’s Rhetorical Teaching as a Tool of Text Analysis." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 1098–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-4-1098-1106.
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Russian rhetoric began with Mikhail Lomonosov’s Brief Guide to Eloquence (1765), which was written in the classical tradition of the Aristotelian-Ciceronian teaching about effective and persuasive speech. By the time philology had become a unified knowledge system in 1820s, Russian rhetoric stopped being a part of the trivium of verbal sciences, which also included grammar and logic, and evolved into a theory of language arts [slovesnost] that included both fiction and nonfiction literature. Its focus shifted from statement building to development and classification of the existing types and genres of literature. The science gave birth to a new discipline, namely the history and theory of literature, Nikolay Grech being one of its founders. Thus, the subject of rhetoric was mostly the principles of understanding of written fiction. Grech’s concept reflected those new trends in the development of rhetoric while focusing on the analysis of the system of Russian literature as a whole. The present research employed the methods of comparative analysis and analytical interpretation of the text. The article introduces N. Grech’s ideas about rhetorical and fictional prose, as well as his classification of prose and poetry. The author showed how the emergence of borderline, semi-rhetorical, and semi-poetic genres, changed the relationship between prose and poetry and, accordingly, between rhetoric and poetics. From a tool for creating an utterance, rhetoric gradually became a tool for analyzing a finished text.
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Makarova, L. E. "Nikolay Grech’s Rhetorical Teaching as a Tool of Text Analysis." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 22, no. 4 (January 5, 2021): 1098–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2020-22-4-1098-1106.
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Russian rhetoric began with Mikhail Lomonosov’s Brief Guide to Eloquence (1765), which was written in the classical tradition of the Aristotelian-Ciceronian teaching about effective and persuasive speech. By the time philology had become a unified knowledge system in 1820s, Russian rhetoric stopped being a part of the trivium of verbal sciences, which also included grammar and logic, and evolved into a theory of language arts [slovesnost] that included both fiction and nonfiction literature. Its focus shifted from statement building to development and classification of the existing types and genres of literature. The science gave birth to a new discipline, namely the history and theory of literature, Nikolay Grech being one of its founders. Thus, the subject of rhetoric was mostly the principles of understanding of written fiction. Grech’s concept reflected those new trends in the development of rhetoric while focusing on the analysis of the system of Russian literature as a whole. The present research employed the methods of comparative analysis and analytical interpretation of the text. The article introduces N. Grech’s ideas about rhetorical and fictional prose, as well as his classification of prose and poetry. The author showed how the emergence of borderline, semi-rhetorical, and semi-poetic genres, changed the relationship between prose and poetry and, accordingly, between rhetoric and poetics. From a tool for creating an utterance, rhetoric gradually became a tool for analyzing a finished text.
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Craveri, Michela. "Retórica y organización del discurso en El ritual de los Bacabes." Estudios de Cultura Maya 57 (January 27, 2021): 179–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.19130/iifl.ecm.57.2021.18657.
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The aim of this paper is to study the rhetorical structure of the Ritual of the Bacabs, a colonial document of great importance in the context of Yucatec Maya literature. After a philological analysis, I will focus especially on the study of textual rhetoric and the marks of orality of this ritual document. I will also study the textual symbolism and networks of paronomasias, used to link diseases, body parts, animals and medicinal plants in the same healing action. The analysis of its rhetorical organization and the textual mechanisms of meaning production allows us to understand the functions of ritual language and the presence of a codified system of discourse. The basis of my theoretical approach is the convergence between rhetoric and semiotic study of discourse.
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Schenkeveld, Dirk M. "The Intended Public of Demetrius's On Style: The Place of the Treatise in the Hellenistic Educational System." Rhetorica 18, no. 1 (2000): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2000.18.1.29.
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Abstract: On Style, written by a certain Demetrius probably in the first century B.C., is an important witness to the rhetorical education of the third/second centuries B.C. It is a matter of long scholarly debate whether Demetrius intended his treatise to be a handbook of rhetoric or a work of literary criticism. Here it is argued that the public Demetrius writes his book for are pupils who have done the preliminary courses in rhetoric and have leamt to write progymnasmata. They now enter the final course on rhetoric and will compose the more difficult exercises, commonly termed declamationes.
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Palonen, Kari. "Rethinking Political Representation from the Perspective of Rhetorical Genres." Theoria 66, no. 158 (March 1, 2019): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/th.2019.6615802.
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This article is a thought experiment. It constructs ideal types of political representation in the sense of Max Weber. Inspired by Quentin Skinner and others, the aim is to give a rhetorical turn to contemporary debates on representation. The core idea is to claim an ‘elective affinity’ (Wahlverwandschaft, as Weber says following Goethe) between forms of representation and rhetorical genres of their justification. The four ideal types of political representation are designated as plebiscitary, diplomatic, advocatory, and parliamentary, corresponding to the epideictic, negotiating, forensic, and deliberative genres of rhetoric as the respective ways to plausibly appeal to the audience. I discuss historical approximations of each type of representation and apply the combination of representation and rhetorical genres to the understanding of the European Union’s unconventional system of ‘separation of powers’. I conclude with supporting parliamentary representation, based on dissensus and debate, with complements from other types.
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Plett, Heinrich F. "Rhetoric and Intertextuality." Rhetorica 17, no. 3 (1999): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.1999.17.3.313.
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Abstract: Intertextuality is not only a literary but also a rhetorical phenomenon. Though largely neglected by modem scholarship, rhetorical intertextuality nevertheless looks back on a long tradition in print and communicative practice. Its manifestations are above all the commonplaces (koinoi topoi, loci communes) which represent not only abstract sedes argumentorum but also concrete formulae taken from pre-texts, literary and non-literary ones, that offer themselves for reemployment in texts of a derivative kind, in “littérature au second degré” (Genette) or, metaphorically speaking, in secondhand literature. The following aspects of the commonplaces deserve closer attention: their place (of publication), their re-cognition, their disposition, their genres, their multi- and intermediality, and their normativity. These facets constitute a complex spectrum of an intertextual rhetoric leading up to an “interrhetoric” which makes possible the recognition and analysis of such rhetorical phenomena as transcend the limits of a single text and of a single (e.g. verbal) sign-system.
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Collinet, Françoise. "L’Amitié à l’épreuve des faux-semblants : lecture rhétorique d’un extrait des Faux-Monnayeurs." Romanica Wratislaviensia 64 (October 27, 2017): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0557-2665.64.7.
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FRIENDSHIP PUT TO THE TEST OF PRETENCES: A RHETORICAL INTERPRETATION OF AN EXCERPT FROM GIDE’S COUNTERFEITERSGide’s Counterfeiters are not only those who circulate false coins; they are also those who cannot help cheating with discourses and friendship. The fragment ‘After the exam / the bac’ III, 5 articulates those different levels in an original way, which can be described in rhetorical terms. As pupils, Bernard and Olivier are supposed to write a spontaneous essay but, at the same time, they must conform to the jury’s expectationslevel1: [pseudo] rational argumentation on values. Therefore, as soon as the youngsters escape from the teacher’s reach, they turn to their schoolfellows unashamedly boasting on their strategies to escape the double bind imposed by the school system level2: strategical meta-argumentation. But the intellectual and moral disagreement almost leads to a quarrel between friends level3: rhetoric as a negotiation on emotions and on the distance between individuals. If the two first levels can be contemplated through Perelman’s system, the third one should rely on a broader definition of rhetoric e.g. Plantin and Meyer.
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Hutto, David. "Ancient Egyptian Rhetoric in the Old and Middle Kingdoms." Rhetorica 20, no. 3 (2002): 213–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2002.20.3.213.
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The rhetorical ideas inherited from the Greeks have established the notion that skilled use of language is always indicated by eloquent expression, and that silence is either an aberration or a lack of skill. As we penetrate the silence that has surrounded one of the great civilizations of the earth, however, and look at Egyptian rhetoric, we find alternative views on what makes a skilled speaker. While the Egyptians esteemed eloquent speaking, a skill that in fact had a very high value in their society, Egyptian rules of rhetoric also clearly specify that knowing when not to speak is essential, and very respected, rhetorical knowledge. The Egyptian approach to rhetoric is thus a balance between eloquence and wise silence. Egyptian rules of speech also strongly emphasize adherence to social behaviors that support a conservative status quo. For the Egyptians, much more than for the Greeks, skilled speech should support, not question, society. The few studies of Egyptian rhetoric which have previously been done discuss some of the moral components of that rhetoric and the importance of silence. The current study looks at Egyptian attitudes toward language as both a magical and a practical element of life, and in addition this study places the rules of Egyptian rhetoric solidly within the Egyptian social system.
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Jiang, Jiaxing, and Jingyuan Zhang. "Rethinking emotion in discursive psychology: A systemic functional perspective." Culture & Psychology 26, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 211–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354067x19839168.
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Emotion, as a classic topic in psychological studies, has been intensively investigated by scholars across disciplines. In discursive psychology, emotion discourse refers to the rich variety and situated uses of emotion words and metaphors. Many studies of emotion in discursive psychology focus on the rhetorical contrasts of emotion. Conceptual analysis is another significant part of emotion discourse, and one that requires further investigation. To reveal how people describe and evoke emotions in discourse, this article starts with a reinterpretation of emotion in discursive psychology, followed by setting up an emotion system from a systemic functional perspective to illustrate how conceptual analysis may be conducted and rhetorical contrasts explored. During the process of establishing the emotion system, the paper elaborates upon the emotion concept and rhetorical contrasts on the basis of four illustrative examples taken from authentic extracts (including news and testimonies). The paper discusses the purpose behind the construction of the emotion system in terms of (1) the constituents in conceptual analysis and rhetorical contrasts of discursive psychology from a functional perspective, (2) the collaboration between conceptual analysis and rhetorical contrasts, (3) the traits of the emotion system as a method of discursive psychology analysis.
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Skansgaard, Michael. "The Virtuosity of Langston Hughes: Persona, Rhetoric, and Iconography in The Weary Blues." Modern Language Quarterly 81, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 65–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00267929-7933089.
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Abstract Previous historical studies of The Weary Blues have focused on the racial symbolism of Langston Hughes’s technique, which (as the consensus goes) authenticates the voice of the persona through its deliberate simplicity. This orthodox view is wrongheaded from the outset. The essay uses a new system of rhetorically driven scansion to identify elaborate rhetorical symmetries and polyrhythms that shape the cognition of Hughes’s persona and the recognition of his readers in ways that prose language cannot. Hughes employs rhetoric and iconography as alternative modes of historical narration. This recuperation of his persona intervenes in an ongoing dispute in the field of historical poetics about the value of formalism and cognitivism. The essay aims to show that the concept of thinking in verse is valuable where it has been least applied: in reclaiming the value of traditionally marginalized literatures such as those of the African American vernacular tradition.
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Yarbrough, Stephen R. "Misdirected Sentiment: Conflicting Rhetorical Strategies in Uncle Tom's Cabin." Rhetorica 12, no. 2 (1994): 191–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.1994.12.2.191.
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Abstract: Harriet Beecher Stowe, in Uncle Tom's Cabin, used two different and conflicting rhetorical stiategies in her novel's appeals to end slavery. To elicit sympathy for the slaves, she used persuasion, a process relying upon the perception of a sameness of substance among persons. To induce fear of damnation in Northerners who condoned or passively accepted Southern slavery, she used conversion rhetoric, a process relying upon the conviction that personal identity and value are derived entirely from the moral and social “system” that produces the individual. Because the novel projects Northern and Southern whites as belonging to the same system, and since its persuasive processes, by eliciting sympathy for slaves, bring them into the system, their suffering proves the system's corruption, whlie the Southerners' lack of sympathy proves their difference of substance—their lack of humanity. Since the logic of conversion requires condemning the corrupt self, the novel ultimately prepared Northern readers to condemn Southern whites, even though such condemnation went against Stowe's intentions.
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Köllmann, Sabine. "Mistrust and mastery." Rhetorica 32, no. 3 (2014): 267–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2014.32.3.267.
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Rejecting rhetoric as a prescriptive system which obstructs creativity is an attitude found in writers from all epochs of literature. This essay looks at three writers from different periods, writing in different languages, whose hostile statements about rhetoric stand in stark contrast to their extensive and original use of its devices as an effective tool of literary creation. Goethe, Victor Hugo, and Mario Vargas Llosa each find innovative ways of integrating the ancient techniques and their described functions into their writing. This article identifies the rhetorical devices that play a crucial role in shaping each author's characteristic tone, and capture the spirit of their epoch.
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Anisimova, Tatyana, Natalia Prigarina, and Svetlana Chubay. "The System of Rhetorical Argumentation in Discourse of Social Advertising." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije 18, no. 2 (July 20, 2019): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2019.2.14.
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Bordelon, Suzanne. "EmbodiedEthosand Rhetorical Accretion: Genevieve Stebbins and theDelsarte System of Expression." Rhetoric Society Quarterly 46, no. 2 (March 14, 2016): 105–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02773945.2016.1141347.
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Lytvyn, Oksana, and Nadiya Holubinka. "Rhetorical figures in a publicistic style." Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals, no. 10(28) (January 2020): 242–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2020-10(28)-17.
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The article deals with the actual practical aspects of the usage of rhetorical figures in publicistic style. The object of our research is rhetorical figures in publications of the magazine «Ukraiinskyi Tyzhden’», whilst its subject is functions of these unites in publicistic text. A particular attention has been paid to that a purpose of this style is to shape public opinion. Journalistic texts mould a special sphere for language functioning. There all language processes manifest themselves as a system, and language is employed as a means of impact, which has systematic and specific textual characteristics. The use of some rhetorical figures shows how syntactic constructions express the structure of the author’s thinking, increase the persuasiveness and power of influenceon readership. The material for the research is publications of the magazine «Ukraiinskyi Tyzhden’». This article aims to show how syntactic constructions express the structure of the author’s thinking, increase the persuasiveness and the power of influence on its readers. It has been determined that in the publicistic style the figures of accumulation, dialogue, rhythmization are actively used. They help to emphasize the information, to pay attention to the important elements of the material submitted by the author. Authors of nonfiction texts often combine several rhetorical figures into a single syntactic construction to provide the reader with a clearer picture. It has been elucidated that a rhetorical question is the strongest rhetorical figure in publicism, specifically, in the case study of the magazine «Ukraiinskyi Tyzhden’». We argue that such usage broadens limits of means of publicistic style, facilitates an effective communication of problems of contemporary society. Additionally, it enriches knowledge of readers, system of values and thoughts, as well as shapes public opinion. Keywords: rhetorical figures, publicistic style, journalistic text, syntactic construction, media.
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Knewitz, Simone. "Creating an ownership society? Social security reform and the temporalities of libertarian rhetoric." Finance and Society 4, no. 1 (May 31, 2018): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/finsoc.v4i1.2740.
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Former US president George W. Bush’s idea of the United States as an ‘ownership society’ can be considered as the rhetorical apex of a conservative, libertarian push for a more market- driven restructuring of American social institutions. Reformers in the Bush administration particularly targeted Social Security, a popular American institution and signature achievement of the New Deal era, aiming to replace a system of solidarity with one of individual responsibility and partial privatization. Returning to the time of the early 2000s, this article analyzes the rhetoric of the ownership society as a libertarian utopian social vision – a future, more perfect community the United States should aspire to grow into. It argues that the political discourse on Social Security propagated by the Bush administration relied on rhetorical strategies characterized by an engagement of temporalities. On the one hand, ownership discourse invoked the nation’s past achievements and traditional values secured during the American Revolution and guaranteed in the nation’s founding documents. On the other hand, the administration framed the alleged urgency of the reforms by making projections about the future and using these to raise questions about the present system of Social Security provision. In this way, earlier debates over Social Security reform provide a valuable perspective on the contemporary nexus of finance and temporality.
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Gentz, Joachim. "Rhetoric as the Art of Listening: Concepts of Persuasion in the First Eleven Chapters of the Guiguzi." Asiatische Studien - Études Asiatiques 68, no. 4 (December 19, 2014): 1001–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asia-2014-0053.
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Abstract The first eleven chapters of the book Guiguzi 鬼谷子 are ascribed to Master Guigu, the alleged teacher of the two famous rhetoricians Su Qin 蘇秦 and Zhang Yi 張儀. These chapters provide a methodological approach to the art of persuasion which is fundamentally different from European rhetoric. Whereas European rhetoric, originating in Greek rhetoric, is mainly concerned with the persuasion of big audiences in public forums and institutions such as assemblies (the agora as birthplace of democracy) and courtrooms, the persuasive strategies in the Guiguzi mainly focus on the involvement with an individual counterpart. In the Guiguzi listening to and assessing the particular type of opponent and then taking advantage of his individual preferences is most decisive for the success of persuasion. The Guiguzi does not teach how to formulate a perfect piece of rhetorical art which accords to all rules of a commonly shared system of persuasive logic as it is known from European rhetorical traditions. From this different approach also follows a different set of systematic problems in the art of persuasion. The typology of formal figures of speech, so important in European rhetoric, is not as important as the exact typology of human characters which have to be correctly identified to be correlated to the types of speech which have the greatest persuasive effect on them. Each of the eleven chapters discusses a particular method of persuasion in an analysis of different aspects of the communicative process in which persuasion takes place. Together they appear as a handbook on the dynamic process of persuasion, a persuasion that evolves in a dialogic encounter not in a monologic performance as in European rhetoric.
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Knappe, Gabriele. "The Rhetorical Aspect of Grammar Teaching in Anglo-Saxon England." Rhetorica 17, no. 1 (1999): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.1999.17.1.1.
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Abstract: In the Christian society and culture of England before the Norman Conquest literary education viras centred on grammar. The extant texts reflect an educational system which by no means neglected rhetorical education——but the classical ars bene dicendi was apparently basically unknown. Anglo-Saxon England thus provides a test case for the continuation and elaboration of alternatives for classical rhetorical teaching. It is argued that, besides the influence of pedagogical considerations and Germanic poetical devices, the background of Anglo-Saxon rhetorical strategies is to be sought in an extended grammatical curriculum. Instruction in the praeexercitaminamay have been included in this curriculum. The figures and tropes contained in the grammars for the purpose of text interpretation were certainly studied, cind they were also employed in the production of literature. Of utmost importance was the creative use of rhetorical techniques which were deduced from model texts by way of grammatical enarratio.
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Lee, Byoungju and Kim, Gichul. "Motion Graphic of Motion Codification for Image of Rhetorical Expression System." Journal of Digital Design 10, no. 1 (January 2010): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17280/jdd.2010.10.1.014.
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Saeedi, M. H., and J. A. A. Sillince. "Incorporating rhetorical and plausible reasoning in a system for simulating argumentation." Knowledge-Based Systems 12, no. 3 (June 1999): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0950-7051(99)00010-6.
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Feldmeier, Peter. "Lexical Choice and Rhetorical Expression." American Journal of Islam and Society 35, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v35i3.847.
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Many religions understand themselves as fundamentally aligned to a givenculture or people. Hinduism is intrinsically connected to the Indian cultureand caste system. Daoism and Confucianism are highly integrated into theChinese spirit and the cultural mentality of the Orient. Shinto’s cosmology,myths, and rites concern themselves solely with the Japanese. Even in theWest, Judaism locates itself with the people of Israel. Jews welcome converts,but Judaism has never seen itself as a proselytizing religion. Islamis convinced that Muhammad’s message is both universal and constitutesthe highest revelation. Thus, it is a proselytizing religion. But Muslims historicallyand today believe that non-Muslims can be saved in the contextof their own religious traditions, particularly if these are monotheistic.Christianity perhaps stands alone as a religion that has historically believedthat membership in the church is necessary for salvation. Add to this thatRoman Catholicism had believed that Catholic membership was necessary.As the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) declared, “There is only one universalchurch of the faithful, outside which none can be saved.” More recently,most Christians, including Catholics, think that God’s saving grace is availableoutside its ecclesial boarders, but this is a modern idea.What then to think of the religious other? In the seventeenth century,a Catholic had few conceptual choices. One was to consider religious othersand their sacred texts as valuable preparation for the gospel, and thusadmire what could be admired in them. They had something of what St.Justin Martyr called the Logos spermatikos, seeds of the Word. This includedthe principle of inculturation whereby European culture was not to beconflated with Christianity. This principle became policy, at least in theory, ...
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Suvonova, Madina Abdiravubovna. "Peculiarities of Forming Rhetorical Questions by Adverbs in Chinese Language." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 8, no. 7 (August 8, 2021): 710. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i7.2955.
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The process of expression of rhetorical interrogative sentences in the current Chinese language and its root essence reflect the discrepancy of the two types of completion. Not only foreign students studying the Chinese language, but also the Chinese people themselves do not pay full attention to these concepts – a big mistake in the entire language system leads to the fact that they are overlooked. As for the sphere of influence of rhetorical interrogations in society, the methods that people often use in their speech when using such sentences, today serve to increase speech sensitivity. In this article, we consider it appropriate to examine the extent to which rhetorical interrogative pronouns are used.
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Cooper Harriss, M. "On the Eirobiblical." Biblical Interpretation 21, no. 4-5 (2013): 469–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685152-2145p0002.
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The Bible (as it tends to do) supported both the justification of and resistance to American slavery as it was practiced in the antebellum era. Slaveholders and abolitionists alike “re-wrote” the Bible, attempting to bolster the legitimacy of their respective sides. Most scholarly treatments of these biblical interpretations discuss the myriad ways that agents (ranging from the nominally literate to the literary) deploy generally stable readings and reinscriptions of biblical passages as they apply to their contemporary circumstances. Enslaved Americans, however, tended to encounter the Bible orally/aurally as illiterate people, hearing it performed at second- or third-hand and assimilating its language and stories at considerable distance from the canonical “text.” Furthermore, most examples we possess of this language reside in contested documents narrated by the enslaved to problematic scribes. This essay explores how the enslaved wielded the inherent imprecision of their biblical language to articulate coherent, if ironic, biblical worldviews. Assessing the rhetorical and even semiotic distinctions between these two modes of biblical interpretation, I develop a category (“eirobiblical rhetoric”) that facilitates critical engagement with the instabilities that result from such rhetoric as it engages particularly with the political and social exigencies of a religiously ordered (and “justified”) system of chattel slavery. A series of close readings in the 1831 document The Confessions of Nat Turner, an exemplary text of eirobiblical rhetoric, allow for the critical application of this new rhetorical category in a way that offers an unprecedented and liberating interpretation of a troublesome and disputed text.
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Bielikova, O., S. Dytiuk, and O. Tesalovskaya. "Rhetorical culture as an integral component of pedagogical masterpiece." New Collegium 4, no. 102 (December 25, 2020): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/nc.2020.4.118.
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The article deals with structural compounds of lecturer's rhetorical culture, its role in forming of professionaly oriented person. Lecturer's cultural and language literacy forms a style of pedagogical communication, a culture of his speaking behavior, and that exerts influence on learning process, on forming students' skills, on their personalities.
The theoretical bases of diagnostics and determination of the results of the formation of professional competencies of language training lecturer`s for foreign citizens as the actual pedagogical problem in universities of technical profile were investigated and substantiated. In the conditions of socio-economic changes in Ukraine, the improvement of higher professional education system, in the process of introducing new requirements and standards of education, there are significant transformations in the system "lecturer-to-student". Changes in the first place concern perception of lecturer, the system of role expectations regarding the leading qualities of the lecturer changes.
Strengthening the attention to the issues of diagnosing the level of proficiency of language training lecturers of professional competences, as a modern trend requires not only scientifically based tools for continuous measurement, analysis and improvement of evaluation of educational results of students' professional training, but also a new look at the system of pedagogical diagnostics. System diagnostics based on a competent approach should become a key and crosscutting component of monitoring the quality of vocational training of language training specialists in universities of technical profile.
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Spoel, Philippa, and Colleen Derkatch. "Constituting community through food charters: A rhetorical-genre analysis." Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 3, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 46–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v3i1.144.
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Communities across Canada are increasingly developing food charters, with at least 22 regional charters published in Ontario alone. As a rhetorical genre, food charters are persuasive actions that articulate not only the kind of food system to which a community aspires, but also the kind of community that it aspires to be. We argue that Ontario’s food charters play an important role in constituting a sense of community identity and values through the rhetorical action of the genre itself. We analyze how this is accomplished through two rhetorical features, the naming of community and the listing of community priorities, showing how these features simultaneously obscure and reveal ideological tensions and logical incongruities within each community’s vision for its food system. Our analysis illustrates how the genre of the food charter both responds to and shapes the diverse, possibly conflicting values that inform food policy and food security initiatives in Ontario, and it offers insight into how the genre itself may inadvertently constrain the action it is intended to perform.
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Woodbury, Anthony C. "The functions of rhetorical structure: A study of Central Alaskan Yupik Eskimo discourse." Language in Society 14, no. 2 (June 1985): 153–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500011118.
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AbstractDiscourse structure in Central Alaskan Yupik Eskimo (CAY) narrative and conversation is examined, and a general notion of rhetorical structure is proposed, growing out of recent work in the poetics of Native American oral literature. Rhetorical structure in a given language would consist of prosodically and intonationally signaled phonological phrasing along with whatever other significant formal features consistently pattern or interact with it (minimally surface syntactic constituency, typically also the system of sentence adverbs and conjunctions, further intonational features, and patterns of parallelism and repetition). Findings for CAY as well as other works in the literature indicate at least four important communicative functions for rhetorical structure in addition to its role in verbal art: organization of information, expression of affective meaning, indexing of genre, and regulation of dialogic interaction. (Discourse, syntax–phonology–discourse interaction, ethnopoetics; Native America, Alaska, Yupik Eskimo)
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Watts, James W. "'Ōlāh: the rhetoric of burnt offerings." Vetus Testamentum 56, no. 1 (2006): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853306775465135.
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AbstractThe 'ōlāh off ering receives pride of place in most lists of sacrifi ces in the Hebrew Bible, including the ritual rules of Leviticus. Its prominence in these texts suggests that the writers expected its mention to have an eff ect on their audience. This rhetorical eff ect must be evaluated and understood before the references to the 'ōlāh can be used to reconstruct ancient religious practices reliably. A comparative analysis of the rhetoric about the 'ōlāh suggests that its priority burnished the image of priests as devoted selfl essly to divine worship and drew attention away from their economic interests in the sacrifi cial system mandated in the Torah. The eff ect of this rhetoric in later Jewish and Christian traditions was to separate the ideal of "sacrifice" from any necessary connection to actual animal off erings.
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Vassena, Raffaella. "The Jewish Question in the Genre System of Dostoevskii's Diary of a Writer and the Problem of the Authorial Image." Slavic Review 65, no. 1 (2006): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4148522.
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The second edition of theDiary of a Writer(1876-1877) marked a crucial point in Fedor Dostoevskii's literary career: in spite of critics' attacks, many “ordinary” readers were overwhelmed by the author's charisma and began writing to Dostoevskii from different parts of Russia, expressing their views on the moral, social, and political issues dealt with in theDiary. Such success was also guaranteed by the original rhetorical and genre system of theDiary of a Writer, which, wisely modulated and addressed, aimed to involve readers and persuade them to share the author's beliefs. Raffaella Vassena explores the case of the article “The Jewish Question” in the issue of March 1877, where Dostoevskii's rhetoric actually failed to bring about what he had intended. By concentrating on new archival materials, Vassena investigates the reasons for this failure and submits a new perspective on the controversial question of Dostoevskii's attitude toward Jews.
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Nahotko, Marek. "Application of Interdisciplinary Theory of Genres in LIS." Zagadnienia Informacji Naukowej - Studia Informacyjne 58, no. 1A(115A) (November 20, 2020): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.36702/zin.723.
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Purpose/Thesis: The article presents the possibilities of using the interdisciplinary theory of genres, developed in the study of linguistics, literary studies, rhetoric, sociology, philosophy, psychology and other disciplines, in library and information science (LIS). The article argues the application of genre theory to LIS offers a new and interesting interdisciplinary perspective.Approach/Methods: A critical analysis of the literature on the subject introduces the basic premises of the interdisciplinary theory of text/information genres in its historical development in the world and in Poland. A similar method was used to present the most important directions genre theory opens to LIS.Results and conclusions: Before genre theory was first applied to LIS, it was developed in disciplines such as linguistics, literature, rhetoric, communication and media, discourse analysis, sociology, pedagogy and others and in many countries on all continents (mainly in the USA, Australia, Brazil and Scandinavian countries). The theory’s success is a result of its interdisciplinary development, beginning from linguistic and classical rhetorical genres approach and problems of categorizing texts to “de facto genres” and their function in everyday communication activities (social/rhetoric approach). Applied to LIS, it frames information objects as social constructs whose meaning is constructed in social discourse, driven by genre knowledge. The library and other information systems should be treated as a social communication activity in the recurrent situation of organizing and retrieving information. It means that the work of a librarian (or other information organizers) involves rhetorical activity of creating information objects, as does the work of other information creators, e.g. authors of scholarly publications. The functioning of information system, i.e. production and organization of textual information should be investigated using methods applied in other disciplines, especially humanities and social sciences, as it allows for a broader research perspective.Originality/Value: The article describes the possibilities of applying genre theory in LIS research, which still do not receive the attention they merit. A wider knowledge of the genre theory would make possible collaborative research involving scholars of other disciplines such as linguistics and sociology.
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Arora, Jhanvi, and Santosh Kumar Bharti. "Rhetorical Analysis and Classification of Poem Text." International Journal of Semiotics and Visual Rhetoric 5, no. 1 (January 2021): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsvr.2021010105.
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Poetry is one of the richest forms of literature, which in itself includes all components of language a human learns; by components here, the context is towards the rhetorical devices. The rhetorical devices constitute the witty use of words used in the reference to things. The work intends to identify the forms of creative references used by the poets to contrast their style of writing and categorize the text on the basis of the same. On the basis of each such prominent device such as rhymes or alliteration, one can derive the boundary or similarity percentage amongst the poems, which can be further extended to compare the writing style of the poets. The method of analysis holds a good value to study different poets of the modern and renaissance era and could be helpful in contrasting their way of putting things into words. Keywords NLP Analysis of Poem, Poem Analysis, Poem Classification, Poem Comparison, Poem Qualifiers, Poet Classification, Poetry Analysis, Poetry Recommendation System
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AZMI, AQIL M., and NOUF A. ALSHENAIFI. "Lemaza: An Arabic why-question answering system." Natural Language Engineering 23, no. 6 (August 24, 2017): 877–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324917000304.
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AbstractQuestion answering systems retrieve information from documents in response to queries. Most of the questions arewho-andwhat-type questions that deal with named entities. A less common and more challenging question to deal with is thewhy-question. In this paper, we introduceLemaza(Arabic forwhy), a system for automatically answeringwhy-questions for Arabic texts. The system is composed of four main components that make use of the Rhetorical Structure Theory. To evaluateLemaza, we prepared a set ofwhy-question–answer pairs whose answer can be found in a corpus that we compiled out of Open Source Arabic Corpora.Lemazaperformed best when the stop-words were not removed. The performance measure was 72.7%, 79.2% and 78.7% for recall, precision andc@1, respectively.
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Savova, M. R. "Key Ideas of Methodological Heritage of T. A. Ladyzhenskaya." Russian language at school 81, no. 2 (March 20, 2020): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30515/0131-6141-2020-81-2-38-41.
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In this paper, the methodical system of T. A. Ladyzhenskaya is characterised with the purpose of identifying her most significant and productive ideas. This goal is achieved by analyzing and generalizing the main works of T. A. Ladyzhenskaya, as well as publications describing her contribution to the methodology of speech development. The key methodological concepts include the following: rhetoric is an integrative field and a culture-forming subject that needs to be taught to everyone; in the teaching of speech, an essential role is played by moral and rhetorical ideas and the special atmosphere of verbal communication; speech training requires the creation of texts of various genres and involves instrumental knowledge, including the information about a variety of communication tools; speech education should be comprehensive, starting from kindergarten, covering all school subjects and to mastering various professional speech genres at university and postgraduate education. These ideas reflect the methodological system of T. A. Ladyzhenskaya and determine the ever-growing relevance and demand of the concept of «Rhetoric of communication» in the twenty-first century.
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Schoeck, Richard Joseph. "Intertextualidade e o cânone retórico." Rónai – Revista de Estudos Clássicos e Tradutórios 5, no. 1 (July 10, 2017): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34019/2318-3446.2017.v5.23208.
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Este artigo parte de uma história etimológica dos termos "retórica" e "cânone" para abordar a interdependência de métodos e meios entre a arte literária (produção e crítica) e o tradicional sistema retórico que esteve na base da educação europeia desde a Antiguidade. A intertextualidade é reconhecida como uma "constante literária universal", e são apontados os modos pelos quais o ensino formal teve um papel central na validação do cânone literário na Idade Média e no Renascimento. Ao final, apontam-se caminhos para avaliar, decodificar e relativizar a tradição retórica no contexto da crítica moderna, ressaltando que o processo de desconstrução não deve implicar o desmantelamento das estruturas, mas uma consciente manifestação de cada uma delas.Palavras-chave: arte literária; crítica; intertextualidade; cânone; retórica.Abstract: Starting form an etymological history of the terms "rhetoric" and "canon", the article addresses the interdependence of methods and means between literary art (production and criticism) and the traditional rhetorical system that has been at the basis of European education since Antiquity. Intertextuality is recognized as a "universal literary constant," pointing out the ways in which formal (particularly British) teaching in the Middle Ages and in the Renaissance played a central role in validating the literary canon. In the end, ways to evaluate, decode and relativize the rhetorical tradition in the context of modern criticism are pointed out, emphasizing that the process of deconstruction should not imply the dismantling of structures, but a conscious manifestation of each one of them.Keywords: literary art; criticism; intertextuality; canon; rhetoric.
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RSHAID, ALSHAMMARI HASAN, and SHEHDA R. S. ABUISAAC. "Interpretation and Translation of Figures of Speech in the Holy Qur’an: Implications and Theory." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 8 (August 30, 2021): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.8.7.
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This study attempts to examine how rhetorical speech acts interface at the lexicosemantic and pragma-emotive levels in the Qur’an. It examines how these acts are interpreted and translated into English despite the fact that one speech act may convey two or more figures of speech i.e., irony, exaggeration, understatement, satire, etc. The selected data samples are methodologically classified and interpreted according to Allusional Pretence Theory by Nakamura, and Nida’s Theory of Equivalence. The data samples are qualitatively analysed. The findings show first that there is a vast body of multiple functions and dissociative thoughts resulting from rhetorical speech acts interface in the Qur’anic discourse. The findings show that translating interrelated rhetorical speech acts is a formidable challenging task due to fundamental differences in the syntactic, semantic, phonological and pragmatic aspects differentiating the Arabic linguistic system from its English counterpart. Componential Analysis Approach is found essential in solving the semantic ambiguities of the source language lexical items into the target language text.
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Subalalitha C.N. and Ranjani Parthasarathi. "Query Focused Summary Generation System using Unique Discourse Structure." International Journal of Information Retrieval Research 7, no. 1 (January 2017): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijirr.2017010104.
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In this paper, the authors propose a query focussed summary generation system which is constructed on top of a unique language-independent discourse structure. The discourse structure is comprised of three text representation techniques, namely, Universal Networking Language (UNL), Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST) and san?gatis. The discourse structure is indexed based on a concept called sutra. Both sutra and san?gatis have been used in ancient Indian literatures. The proposed approach is tested using Forum for Information Retrieval (FIRE) corpus and a performance comparison has been done with the one of the state-of-art approaches.