Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rhinoceros

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Academic literature on the topic 'Rhinoceros'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Rhinoceros"

1

Pohlin, Friederike, Peter Buss, Emma H. Hooijberg, and Leith C. R. Meyer. "Midazolam Alters Acid-Base Status Less than Azaperone during the Capture and Transport of Southern White Rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum simum)." Animals 10, no. 8 (July 31, 2020): 1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10081323.

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Acidemia represents a major life-threatening factor during rhinoceros capture. The acid-base status during rhinoceros transport is unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe changes in acid-base status during rhinoceros capture and transport and compare these changes between rhinoceroses sedated with azaperone or midazolam. Twenty-three wild white rhinoceros bulls were road-transported 280 km for reasons unrelated to this study. Rhinoceroses were captured with etorphine-azaperone (Group A) or etorphine-midazolam (Group M). During transport, azaperone (Group A) or midazolam (Group M) was re-administered every 2 h and venous blood collected. Changes in blood pH and associated variables were compared over time and between groups using a general linear mixed model. Rhinoceroses of both groups experienced a respiratory and metabolic acidosis during capture (pH 7.109 ± 0.099 and 7.196 ± 0.111 for Group A and Group M, respectively) that was quickly compensated for by the start of transport (pH 7.441 ± 0.035 and 7.430 ± 0.057) and remained stable throughout the journey. Rhinoceroses from Group M showed a smaller decrease in pH and associated variables at capture than rhinoceroses from Group A (p = 0.012). The use of midazolam instead of azaperone could therefore improve the success of rhinoceros capture and thus, contribute to the outcome of important conservation translocations.
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Wright, Oliver Thomas, Georgina Cundill, and Duan Biggs. "Stakeholder perceptions of legal trade in rhinoceros horn and implications for private reserve management in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Oryx 52, no. 1 (December 12, 2016): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605316000764.

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AbstractThe proposed legalization of international trade in rhinoceros horn is a hotly debated topic. South Africa is home to a large proportion of Africa's blackDiceros bicornisand white rhinocerosesCeratotherium simumpopulations. Private owners are custodians of c. 25% of the country's rhinoceroses, and the introduction of legal trade in horn harvested from live rhinoceroses may therefore have significant implications for the private conservation industry. This study explores perceptions of legal trade in rhinoceros horn, and its potential implications for reserve management, among rhinoceros owners and conservation practitioners from private game reserves in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Twenty-five semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants from 17 private game reserves (c. 37% of the total number of reserves with rhinoceroses). Whereas rhinoceros owners were mostly in favour of trade, opinion among non-owners was more nuanced. Owners expressed more interest in trading in live rhinoceroses, and stockpiled horn from natural mortalities, than in sustainably harvesting rhinoceros horn for trade. Informants therefore predicted that they would not change their practices significantly if the trade were legalized. However, most informants had little confidence that CITES would lift the trade ban. The perspectives of private reserve owners and managers should be taken into account in South African and international policy discussions relating to the legal trade in rhinoceros horn.
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Mihok, S., S. K. Moloo, J. O. Oden'y, R. A. Brett, J. G. Rakwar, E. Munyoki, J. Kiilu, and C. A. Kyorku. "Attractiveness of black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) to tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) (Diptera: Glossinidae) and other biting flies." Bulletin of Entomological Research 86, no. 1 (February 1996): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300052172.

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AbstractDuring translocations of black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis Linnaeus) in Kenya, we studied the relationships between the rhinoceros and biting flies. In trapping experiments, rhinoceros waste products (urine or dung) were substituted for known attractants such as cow urine, l-octen-3-ol or acetone. Catches of Glossina pallidipes Austen, Glossina longipennis Corti, Stomoxys spp., and Haematopota spp. were not affected by these substitutions. NG2G and Vavoua traps sited near captive animals caught similar numbers and kinds of flies as traps set without animals. Any minor attractive properties of rhinoceros odours were probably due to the presence of known attractants such as 4-cresol and 3-n-propylphenol, which were confirmed to be present through gas chromatography—mass spectroscopy. In feeding trials with laboratory-reared tsetse, Glossina brevipalpis Newstead and Glossina morsitans centralis Machado fed well on immobilized animals, whereas G. longipennis fed reluctantly. Catches of G. brevipalpis were doubled in one trapping experiment when rhinoceros urine was used as odour bait. Philoliche spp., Haematopota spp. and other Tabanidae fed on captive rhinoceroses. Many species of Stomoxyinae were associated with rhinoceroses. Of these, the most frequent association was with Rhinomusca dutoiti Zumpt, a species found previously only in South Africa. Rhinomusca dutoiti was found in two highland rhinoceros sanctuaries, Nairobi National Park and Solio Ranch Game Reserve.
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Grigson, Caroline. "New information on Indian rhinoceroses (Rhinoceros unicornis) in Britain in the mid-eighteenth century." Archives of Natural History 42, no. 1 (April 2015): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2015.0280.

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Three Indian rhinoceroses (Rhinoceros unicornis) were present in Britain in the mid-eighteenth century. The first, a female, arrived in 1737, the second, a male, arrived in 1739, the third, a female known as Douwe Mout's rhinoceros or Clara, was shown in London, probably in 1756. Recent research in British newspapers provides new information about all three animals, and produces evidence to show that the rhinoceros exhibited in London in 1751–1752 was not Clara, but the female which had arrived in 1737.
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Subedi, Naresh, Shant Raj Jnawali, Maheshwar Dhakal, Narendra M. B. Pradhan, Babu Ram Lamichhane, Sabita Malla, Rajan Amin, and Yadvendradev V. Jhala. "Population status, structure and distribution of the greater one-horned rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis in Nepal." Oryx 47, no. 3 (July 2013): 352–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605313000562.

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AbstractWe assessed the abundance and distribution of the greater one-horned or Indian rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis in all its potential habitats in Nepal, using block counts. In April 2011 5,497 km were searched in 3,548 elephant-hours over 23 days. The validity of the block count was assessed by comparing it with counts obtained from long-term monitoring using photographic identification of individual rhinoceroses (ID-based), and estimates obtained by closed population sighting–mark–resighting in the 214 km2 of Chitwan National Park. A total of 534 rhinoceroses were found during the census, with 503 in Chitwan National Park (density 1 km−2), 24 in Bardia National Park (0.28 km−2) and seven in Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve (0.1 km−2). In Chitwan 66% were adults, 12% subadults and 22% calves, with a female : male ratio of 1.24. The population estimate from sighting–mark–resighting was 72 (95% CI 71–78). The model with different detection probabilities for males and females had better support than the null model. In the Sauraha area of Chitwan estimates of the population obtained by block count (77) and ID-based monitoring (72) were within the 95% confidence interval of the estimate from sighting–mark–resighting. We recommend a country-wide block count for rhinoceroses every 3 years and annual ID-based monitoring in a sighting–mark–resighting framework within selected subpopulations. The sighting–mark–resighting technique provides the statistical rigour required for population estimates of the rhinoceros in Nepal and elsewhere.
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Thapa, Kanchan, Santosh Nepal, Gokarna Thapa, Shiv Raj Bhatta, and Eric Wikramanayake. "Past, present and future conservation of the greater one-horned rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis in Nepal." Oryx 47, no. 3 (July 2013): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605311001670.

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AbstractUntil the early 1980s the only surviving population of the greater one-horned rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis in Nepal was in Chitwan National Park. Between 1986 and 2003 87 rhinoceroses from Chitwan were translocated into Bardia National Park and Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve in the western terai region to establish founder populations and reduce the threat of local extinction from natural catastrophic events, disease and/or poaching. The founder populations increased in number through births but a rise in poaching during the period of civil strife in Nepal during 1996–2006 resulted in a dramatic decline in the populations, including in Chitwan. In 2001 the Terai Arc Landscape programme was initiated to connect 11 protected areas in Nepal and north-west India and facilitate dispersal of megafauna and manage them as metapopulations. Corridors that were restored under the programme and that connect Bardia and Suklaphanta with protected areas in India are now used by the greater one-horned rhinoceros. The successes and failures of the last 2 decades indicate that new paradigms for protecting rhinoceroses within and outside protected areas are needed, especially with reference to managing this species at a landscape scale.
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Shepherd, Chris R., Thomas N. E. Gray, and Vincent Nijman. "Rhinoceros horns in trade on the Myanmar–China border." Oryx 52, no. 2 (March 28, 2017): 393–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003060531600168x.

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AbstractThe illegal trade in rhinoceros horn, driven largely by the demand from East and South-east Asia, is a major impediment to the conservation of rhinoceroses globally. We surveyed the town of Mong La, in eastern Myanmar on the border with China, for the presence of rhinoceros horn. No rhinoceros horn was observed in 2006 or 2009, and other African wildlife was rare or absent. During visits in 2014 and 2015 we observed two horns, presumed to be of the white rhinoceros Ceratotherium simum, and one horn tip, small discs from the horn core, horn powder and horn bangles. Shops selling rhinoceros horn all specialized in high-end and high-value wildlife, mostly for decorative purposes, including whole elephant tusks, carved elephant ivory, carved hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius canines, and tiger Panthera tigris skins. Organized criminal syndicates are involved in the wildlife trade between Myanmar and Africa, possibly via China. Mong La's geographical position on the border with China, limited control by the central Myanmar Government, and the presence of the Chinese entertainment industry provide ideal conditions for a global wildlife trade hub catering for the Chinese market. Solutions require more intense collaboration between the Myanmar and Chinese authorities to curb the trade in African rhinoceros horn in this part of Asia.
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Jewell, Zoe C., Sky Alibhai, Peter R. Law, Kenneth Uiseb, and Stephen Lee. "Monitoring rhinoceroses in Namibia’s private custodianship properties." PeerJ 8 (August 14, 2020): e9670. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9670.

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Routinely censusing rhinoceros’ populations is central to their conservation and protection from illegal killing. In Namibia, both white (Ceratotherium simum) and black (Diceros bicornis) rhinoceros occur on private land, in the latter case under a custodianship program of the Namibian Ministry of Environment and Tourism (MET). Black rhinoceros custodian landowners are responsible for the protection of the rhinoceroses on their land and are required to report regularly to the MET. Monitoring imposes a financial burden on custodians yet many of the techniques used involve expensive monitoring techniques that include the need for aerial support and/or animal instrumentation. During May and June 2018, WildTrack undertook a pilot study to census black and white rhinoceros on three private custodianship properties in Namibia. We tested three footprint identification methods for obtaining estimates of rhinoceros populations in an effort to provide less costly alternative monitoring options to rhinoceros custodians. The first was a full monitoring protocol with two components: (a) tracking each individual animal and matching them to their footprints, (b) identifying those individuals from the heel lines on the prints. The second method used simple visual heel line identification ex-situ, and the third method used just an objective footprint identification technique. These methods offer different options of fieldwork labour and cost and were designed to offer monitoring options to custodians that provided information about rhinoceros movement and location, with minimal disturbance to the rhinoceros, and best matched their human and economic resources. In this study, we describe the three methods and report the results of the pilot study to compare and evaluate their utility for rhinoceros monitoring. The first method successfully matched each trail photographed to a known rhinoceros at each site. When the other two methods disagreed with the first, they did so by failing to match single trails to a known rhinoceros, thereby creating fictitious identities consisting of a single trail. This failure occurred twice in one application, but otherwise at most once. We expect this failure can be eliminated through more stringent criteria for collecting photographs of footprints. We also briefly compare the use of footprint monitoring with other commonly used monitoring techniques. On this basis, landowners hosting rhinoceros can evaluate which method best suits their needs and resources.
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Muntifering, Jeff R., Wayne L. Linklater, Susan G. Clark, Simson !Uri-≠Khob, John K. Kasaona, Kenneth /Uiseb, Pierre Du Preez, et al. "Harnessing values to save the rhinoceros: insights from Namibia." Oryx 51, no. 1 (September 28, 2015): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605315000769.

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AbstractThe rate at which the poaching of rhinoceroses has escalated since 2010 poses a threat to the long-term persistence of extant rhinoceros populations. The policy response has primarily called for increased investment in military-style enforcement strategies largely based upon simple economic models of rational crime. However, effective solutions will probably require a context-specific, stakeholder-driven mix of top-down and bottom-up mechanisms grounded in theory that represents human behaviour more realistically. Using a problem-oriented approach we illustrate in theory and practice how community-based strategies that explicitly incorporate local values and institutions are a foundation for combating rhinoceros poaching effectively in specific contexts. A case study from Namibia demonstrates how coupling a locally devised rhinoceros monitoring regime with joint-venture tourism partnerships as a legitimate land use can reconcile individual values represented within a diverse stakeholder group and manifests as both formal and informal community enforcement. We suggest a social learning approach as a means by which international, national and regional governance can recognize and promote solutions that may help empower local communities to implement rhinoceros management strategies that align individual values with the long-term health of rhinoceros populations.
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Fayrer-Hosken, R. A., M. Kruger, M. Vandenplas, S. Giguere, and P. Buss. "115 CHARACTERIZING NEUTROPHIL PROFILES IN HORSES FOR RHINOCEROS CAPTURE." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 28, no. 2 (2016): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv28n2ab115.

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Conservation of several African species is becoming essential, and efforts to move threatened animals are causing physiological and reproductive problems. To save these species, a more comprehensive knowledge of their biology and response to stressors is required. Capture stress of rhinoceroses has been quantified (Kruger et al. 2011 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 23, 181–182) by evaluating leucocyte coping capacity (LCC). LCC is the measurement of the fluorescence of circulating active neutrophils, then expressed as optical density (OD)/1000 neutrophils. The LCC then provides a standardized value between species as we used identical conditions and reagents. To quantify the role of LCC in rhinoceros conservation, it is essential to characterize normal LCC profiles of healthy unstressed rhinoceroses. Horse neutrophils are very similar to rhinoceros neutrophils in their biological activity. The objective of the study was to characterize normal LCC profiles in stallions, geldings, nonpregnant mares, pregnant mares, as well as fillies and colts of various ages as a benchmark for adult and juvenile rhinoceroses. The LCC profiles are shown in Figures 1 to 3. For the colts (days, weeks, and months old) there was little difference in their LCC profile over time. For the fillies (days, weeks, and months old) the LCC response for fillies only days old was significantly (P < 0.05) greater when compared to fillies that were weeks and months old. For the adult horses, the stallions had the lowest overall LCC and were very similar to nonpregnant mares. The LCC of pregnant mares was of significantly (P < 0.5) greater magnitude than that of stallions and nonpregnant mares. The LCC response of gelding was significantly (P < 0.5) greater than that of stallions and nonpregnant mares, but significantly (P < 0.5) lower than that of pregnant mares. The stallion and pregnant mare responses mirrored the quantitative responses of breeding rhinoceros bulls and pregnant rhinoceros cows. From the data (Figure 4) we suggest that breeding males (stallions, elephants, and rhinoceros bulls) have the lowest LCC activity curves, as their breeding activities result in higher daily stresses. We hypothesized that the stressed bulls have their neutrophil activity down regulated by circulating corticosteroids. The converse is true for pregnant females (mares and cows), as they may have more vigorous neutrophils and therefore the highest LCC curves. These basic studies support and validate the role of rapid LCC in stress evaluation of wild caught rhinoceroses and horses could be applicable for captured elephant.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rhinoceros"

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Kemock, Kathleen Clare. "The Rhinoceros in 2006 a dramaturgical analysis of Eugene Ionesco's Rhinoceros /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1177080180.

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Kemock, Kathleen Clare. "The Rhinoceros in 2006: A Dramaturgical Analysis of Eugene Ionesco’s Rhinoceros." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1177080180.

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Thapa, Vivek. "Analysis of the One-Horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros Unicornis) Habitat in the Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4926/.

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This study analyzes the remaining suitable habitat of the one-horned rhinoceros, Rhinoceros unicornis, in Royal Chitwan National Park of Nepal. An April 2003 Landsat image was classified into eight land cover types: wetland, sand, water, mixed forest, sal forest, agriculture, settlement, and grassland. This image was converted into habitat suitability maps using cover, food, and water. The rhinoceros prefers grassland habitat with oxbow lakes and closed canopy during the monsoon season. Nominal values of five parameters were used to create a map of habitat suitability index. The map was categorized into four habitat classes: highly unsuitable, unsuitable, moderately suitable habitat, and suitable. Landscape metrics, patch metrics and class metrics associated with habitat were determined through the use of FRAGSTATS.
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Haberlin, Chelsea. "Rhinoceros in the round : a directorial analysis." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44399.

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This thesis explores the directorial challenges of staging Eugene Ionesco's Rhinoceros in the round. It examines the theme of individuals seeking refuge from personal pain and disappointment in collective ideologies through unique contemporary staging and audience immersion. Rhinoceros was presented as part of UBC Theatre's 2012/2013 season running January 24 to February 9,2013.
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Lamsal, Saraswati. "The park-people conflict in the Chitwan National Park with reference to the Asiatic one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis)." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19955.

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The lack of access to forest resources for the rural community residing in the buffer zones of national parks has created conflict between the national parks, the people residing in these areas and wildlife. People residing in the buffer zone of national parks incur losses due to the wildlife, which can impact both crops and human lives. This study focused on the attitudes, acceptance and knowledge level of people living near the park to explore the conflict between them and one of the endangered animals, the ‘Rhinoceros unicornis’. A questionnaire survey was randomly administered to 200 households in 16 Buffer Zone Village Development Committees and two municipalities of the Chitwan National Park. The survey represented two categories of households, those that were >2 Km and those that were <2 Km from the park boundaries. Socio-economic status variables such as tribe, education, occupation, household annual income, landownership and dependencies on the National Park forest and Buffer zone forest were used to interpret the results. The analysis of results showed a prevalence of negative attitudes that stemmed from (1) the distance: people living closer to the national park boundary reported rhino damaged the most crops near the national park; (2) a lack of compensation for crop losses; (3) indigenous people (e.g., Tharus) living closer to the National Park who traditionally have higher dependencies on the forest resources and (4) households with low income relying heavily on the forest resources of the National Park. However, the increase in the rhino population in the latest census showed an increased level of awareness among the park people living near the park. These findings were corroborated in this study because people emphasised the conservation of the rhino, which showed a positive attitude towards rhino. Ultimately, the impact of the rhino on human settlements and livelihoods and vice versa is an on-going conflict that needs to be resolved to preserve the existence of the rhino in Nepal’s protected areas. The role of the government, the National Park authority, and different International and National government organisations are necessary to enhance the livelihoods of people surrounding the national park and to govern wildlife conservation.
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O'Ryan, Colleen. "The biochemical analysis of southern African rhinoceros populations." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27118.

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The drastic decline in the numbers of the five extant species of rhinoceroses world-wide, mainly as a result of poaching, have placed these species in imminent danger of extinction. This emphasizes the need to understand the relationships among the different species of rhinoceros. The advances in molecular biology have allowed the application of DNA-based genetic techniques to address a number of aspects of rhinoceros biology which have both academic interest and practical value to conservation management. There are four aspects to this study: Firstly, restriction endonuclease maps of mitochondrial DNA were constructed to estimate the time of divergence of Diceros bicornis (black rhinoceros) and Ceratotherium simum (white rhinoceros) from their common ancestor. Secondly, a population genetic study of the relationships among four subspecies of D. bicornis. Thirdly, the application of DNA fingerprinting to examine the intra- and inter-population relatedness in D. bicornis populations. Fourthly, a practical application of PCR to identify the origin of an unknown sample of DNA.
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Norman, Matthew Maynard. "Movement in the round : scenography for Eugène Ionesco’s Rhinoceros." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44255.

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Eugène Ionesco’s Rhinoceros was presented as part of UBC Theatre’s 2012/2013 season, running January 24 to February 9, 2013. It was directed by Chelsea Haberlin with costumes by Christina Dao and sound design by Wonkyoon Han. This report documents the set and lighting, designed by Matthew Norman, discussing the advantages and challenges of performing the play in the round rather than in a proscenium as specified in the stage directions.
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Cain, Bradley. "Conservation genetics of enclosed black rhinoceros populations in Kenya." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2012. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/315691/.

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Population size is a major determinant of extinction risk with small populations experiencing an inherently higher risk of extinction due to genetic threats and stochastic fluctuations in survival, fecundity and environmental conditions. For many species, natural populations are experiencing a dramatic decline in numbers and distribution as a direct result of human activities. The severity of the threats facing some species necessitates the movement of remaining individuals into protected areas or captive breeding programs where resources can be concentrated to promote recovery. Moreover, increasing levels of population fragmentation has led to metapopulation management being regarded as an integral part of many conservation strategies, particularly for large vertebrates. The translocation of individuals between populations across an inhospitable matrix is often needed to offset the detrimental effects of small population size and to maintain natural evolutionary processes. Whilst the benefits of active conservation management involving the mixing of individuals from hitherto isolated populations has been demonstrated in a number of cases, the impact on historic population structure and the potential for outbreeding depression is often poorly understood. Moreover an increasing body of theoretical and empirical work is demonstrating that mate selective choices are mediated not only by additive effects but by non-additive effects, most specifically the amount of genetic similarity between individuals. Recent studies on natural populations have demonstrated that there is a fitness cost associated with choosing maximally dissimilar mates and that even for intrapopulation breeding, individuals exercise a preference for mates of intermediate similarity. Populations subject to active conservation management are typically small admixed populations where individuals are presented with a limited number of potential mates, representing a greater spectrum of genetic divergence than would typically be present in non-managed populations. With many in situ and ex situ conservation programs reporting poor population growth rates linked to low or declining reproduction understanding the genetic influences on mate choice in these populations is potentially of great importance. This thesis examines (1) the effects of active conservation management on levels of genetic diversity and (2) historic population structure in the eastern black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli). It also examines the relative influences of additive and non-additive effects on female mate choice in this actively managed conservation priority species. The eastern black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli) has been subject to one viii of the severest human induced declines of any mammalian species. The subspecies formally ranged across East Africa from northern Tanzania to Somalia, with its largest populations in Kenya. A significant increase in poaching of rhinoceros for their horn during the 1970s and 1980s eliminated D. b. michaeli from Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Uganda and Rwanda. Extensive populations in Tanzania were reduced to just two small populations and the subspecies was reduced from an estimated Kenyan population of 20,000 in 1970 to just 380 by 1987. In the face of the imminent extinction of the Kenyan population, the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) implemented a policy of moving all animals outside protected areas into fenced sanctuaries where resources could be concentrated to counter the poaching threat. The sanctuary system proved successful and as of 2006 Kenya had approximately 540 black rhinoceros protected within 14 separate populations. With the sanctuary system largely successful in countering the continued threat of poaching, emphasis has shifted to metapopulation management to ensure the viability of the small isolated populations within the sanctuary system. To assist in the effective metapopulation management of these isolated populations, data is presented here both on the current levels of genetic diversity and the range of historic genetic diversity captured within five enclosed sanctuary populations. A total of 166 individually identified black rhinoceros were genotyped for 9 microsatellite loci and a 507 bp segment of the mtDNA control region, with the majority of the genotyping conducted on DNA extracted from faeces. To assist in the identification of faecal samples from mixed sex pairings a simple, accurate, single-stage 5′-exonuclease assay for gender determination in the black rhinoceros from low-copy template DNA is presented. Genetic analysis and the examination of translocation records shows that the five sanctuaries are comprised of historic populations from three geographic regions within the country and that significant admixture has occurred between these historically divergent populations. These historically divergent populations are shown by molecular dating to have originated from the south of the country following an expansion which is putatively linked to the contraction of the Pleistocene forests approximately 300 KYA. Examination of mutation bias in the species reveals low levels of mutagenesis in concordance with other studies and evidence of ectopic gene conversion between eutherian sex chromosomes. The current metapopulation retains significant levels of genetic diversity for both nucleic (A = 5.0, HE = 0.689) and organellar (π = 0.007) genomes, with levels of diversity in individual populations related to ix the amount of admixture of former populations. Parentage analysis was undertaken for 107 individuals from three sanctuary populations representing approximately 16 years of successful reproductive activity in these populations. It is demonstrated that in the black rhinoceros male genetic diversity is a significant predictor of reproductive success and that females balance male genetic quality with intermediate levels of genetic similarity in admixed populations. This is the first time these effects have been investigated in a conservation priority species subject to active management and it is anticipated these results will have a profound impact on future management strategies for the species. In particular the overall results of this thesis provide a framework whereby the management of the Kenyan black rhinoceros metapopulation can be guided by the way rhinoceros are shown to manage their own reproductive success.
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De, Lange Stephanie Siobhan. "Tremors in white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) during chemical immobilisation." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53294.

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White rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) are susceptible to developing muscle tremors during chemical immobilisation induced by potent opioid receptor agonists. Whether these tremors result directly from the actions of the opioids or from other physiological changes associated with immobilisation is unknown. A pilot study on 8 boma-managed chemically immobilised rhinoceros was conducted using different supportive interventions for the animal?s cardiorespiratory systems to test whether these interventions had an effect on tremors during chemical immobilisation. The pilot study revealed that butorphanol, a partial opioid agonist/antagonist, combined with nasotracheal oxygen insufflation, compared to the control, was the only intervention that decreased the observed tremor intensity and adequately stabilized the rhinoceros cardiorespiratory system in the immobilised rhinoceros. With this knowledge and using the same drug protocol (etorphine and azaperone and hyaluronidase) and supportive interventions (butorphanol and nasotracheal oxygen insufflation), a field study was conducted to quantify tremors, both objectively and subjectively, and record various physiological responses of 14 rhinoceros during a 25 minute chemical immobilisation period. Butorphanol was injected intravenously 6 minutes after the rhinoceros became laterally recumbent. Tracheal oxygen insufflation was also administered from this time. Occurrence (intensity) of tremors was assessed every minute throughout the 25 minute immobilisation period, both subjectively by human observation, and objectively by accelerometer data loggers placed on the front leg. Arterial blood pH, oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, electrolytes and plasma catecholamine concentrations were measured at 5 minute time points. The tremor intensity was highest (5 minutes 28 counts/min) just after the animals became recumbent, but decreased (3 counts/min) after butorphanol and nasotracheal oxygen insufflation was administered. Tremor intensity was correlated with the mean pH, arterial partial pressure of oxygen, serum potassium and median plasma adrenaline concentration. High tremor intensity occurred when plasma adrenaline concentrations were elevated and when hypoxaemia and acidaemia were at their worst. Hypoxaemia and acidaemia, both physiological stressors, were correlated with the increased plasma adrenaline concentrations. These correlations indicate that changes in blood oxygenation and pH could be the driving force behind the changes in the tremor intensity. Butorphanol and nasotracheal oxygen insufflation corrected the hypoxia and acidaemia and reduced tremor intensity. Therefore, tremor intensity could possibly indicate the severity of the pathophysiological effects of the capture drugs on a rhinoceros cardiorespiratory system.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
tm2016
Paraclinical Sciences
MSc
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Saliba, Johannes, and Merve Özkanat. "Parametriserad projektering av plattrambroar : Koppling mellan Rhinoceros och Grasshopper." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289210.

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Det här projektet syftade till att studera och införa ett skript för parametriserad modellering av en bro i programmen Rhinoceros och Grasshopper. Skriptet skapades genom visuella programmeringskomponenter och brokonstruktionen som modellerades i detta projekt var en plattrambro. Parametrisk design är ett verktyg som skapar modeller med hjälp av olika förutsättningar kallade parametrar. Dessa parametrar kan ändras direkt i programmen som även ändrar modellen. Detta underlättar redigeringsprocessen av modeller i projekt samt gör det möjligt för flera variationer av samma konstruktionstyp att hanteras i ett och samma skript. I detta projekt användes även Tekla Structures vilket är ett kraftfullt BIM-verktyg som klarar av att modellera och räkna på hus- och anläggningskonstruktioner. Rhinoceros-Grasshopper kopplas till Tekla med programmets eget plug-in, kallad Tekla live-link. Ett flertal intervjuer har genomförts med experter inom området för input om hur programmen används idag, inom de olika byggföretagen, samt hur långt modellering med parametrar har kommit. Resultatet av detta examensarbete visar att parametriserad modellering främst är användbart vid redigeringar av modeller. Den modellerade konstruktionen programmeras på ett sätt där alla dess ingående delar hänger ihop. Då kan redigeringar på specifika delar göras utan att behöva ändra/modellera de resterande delarna på nytt. Detta gör att mindre arbete behöver läggas på redigeringar. Vid projekt med mindre konstruktioner eller enkla geometrier är program som Tekla ett snabbare och smidigare verktyg än Rhinoceros då programmering av skript kan ta mycket tid. Arbetet som har genomförts i detta examensarbete visar dock att det kan vara lämpligt att använda parametriserad modellering vid projekt med större eller mer komplicerade konstruktioner.
The purpose of this thesis was to study and implement a script for a parametric modelling of a bridge in Rhinoceros 3D Grasshopper. The script was done with visualized programming components and the structure was a slab frame bridge. Parametric design is a tool that create models with the use of different prerequisites called parameters. These parameters can be changed directly in the script which in turn changes the model. This makes the editing process of the model easier and allows for greater variations of the same structure to be handled within the same script. In this project, Tekla Structures was used which is a powerful BIM tool that can be used for design and analyses of various structures. Rhinoceros Grasshopper was connected to Tekla Structures with their own plugin, called Tekla live link. Several interviews have been conducted with experts and experienced people in the subject for input on how the programs are used today in the building branch as well as how far parametric design has come. The results of this thesis shows that parametric design is useful mostly when it comes to redactions of an already existing model. The designed structures are programmed in such a way that all their different components are connected. This allows for edits and redactions to be made on one specific component without having to change or redesign the rest. This saves time during the designing part of a project. Although, when it comes to smaller scaled projects or structures with simple geometries,using programs such as Tekla Structures is still faster and easier as opposed to using Rhinoceros Grasshopper. This is because programming and creating a script can take a lot of time and is very complicated at times. However, the result of this thesis shows that it could be wise to use parametric programming when it comes to larger projects and/or more complicated structures.
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Books on the topic "Rhinoceros"

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Green, Jen. Rhinoceros. Danbury, Conn: Grolier, 2009.

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Rhinoceros. Philadelphia, USA: American Poetry Review, 2004.

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Ionesco, Eugène. Rhinoceros. London: Faber and Faber, 2007.

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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service., ed. Rhinoceros. [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, 1995.

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Martin, Louise. Rhinoceros. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Enterprises, 1988.

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Leeper, Christopher J., 1966- ill., ed. Ema the rhinoceros. Norwalk, Conn: Soundprints, 2003.

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Cheng, Ron. Inside Rhinoceros. Albany, N.Y: OnWord Press, 2002.

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Oliver, Rupert. Woolly rhinoceros. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Enterprises, 1986.

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Hull, Mary. The rhinoceros. San Diego, Calif: Lucent Books, 1998.

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Williams, Rose. Rena Rhinoceros. Mundelein, Ill: Bolchazy-Carducci, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rhinoceros"

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Blakeslee, Terry, and Jefsery R. Zuba. "Rhinoceros." In Hand-Rearing Wild and Domestic Mammals, 236–43. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470385005.ch30.

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Chen, Kuang Yu, Zhenhao Song, Yuan Liu, and Matthew Anderson. "Chased Rhinoceros." In Reading of Shāng Inscriptions, 317–19. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6214-3_77.

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Warhol, Andy, and Kurt Benirschke. "Sumatra’s Rhinoceros." In Vanishing Animals, 58–63. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6333-0_10.

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"Rhinoceros." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Informatics, 1701. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6754-9_14597.

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"Rhinoceros." In Words for War, edited by Oksana Maksymchuk and Max Rosochinsky, 171–72. Boston, USA: Academic Studies Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781618116673-105.

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"rhinoceros." In Shakespeare and Animals. The Arden Shakespeare, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350002548.article-208.

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"RHINOCEROS." In Words for War, translated by Amelia Glaser and Yuliya Ilchuk, 171–72. Academic Studies Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1zjg8p9.106.

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"Rhinoceros." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology, 1160. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58292-0_180280.

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"Rhinoceros." In The Bard, 291–336. Princeton University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1jk0jn7.11.

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"RHINOCEROS." In What We Live For, What We Die For, 23–24. Yale University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvfc52vx.13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rhinoceros"

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Tian, Zhonghuan, Simon Fong, Rui Tang, Suash Deb, and Raymond Wong. "Rhinoceros Search Algorithm." In 2016 3rd International Conference on Soft Computing & Machine Intelligence (ISCMI). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscmi.2016.16.

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Reil, Jonathan Bradley. "Invasion pathways and population genetics of the coconut rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros)." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.113082.

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Cheng, Zhiqiang. "Coconut rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) and its management effort on Oahu in Hawaii." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.112234.

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Watanabe, Shizu. "Development of a multiplex PCR assay for the identification of coconut rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinocerosL.)." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.113423.

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Oishi, Darcy E. "An eradication program for rhinoceros beetle in Hawaiʻi." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.95535.

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Moslim, Ramle. "Control of rhinoceros beetle in endemic outbreak areas." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.95544.

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Moore, Aubrey. "The rhinoceros beetle invasion of Guam: An unprecedented disaster." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94967.

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Indriyanti, Dyah, Jeni Lutfiana, Priyantini Widiyaningrum, and Ning Setiati. "The Use of Aggregation Pheromone for Monitoring Oryctes rhinoceros Population." In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Science, Education and Technology, ISET 2019, 29th June 2019, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.29-6-2019.2290443.

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Marshall, Sean. "Detection of an invasive biotype ofOryctes rhinoceros(L.) in the Pacific." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.95540.

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Wang, Qiuhui, Aihui Yang, and Chengyuan Ren. "A Method of 2D Digital Mankind Model Reconstruction Based on Rhinoceros." In 2011 International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering (CASE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccase.2011.5997635.

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Reports on the topic "Rhinoceros"

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Wynand J. Goosen, Wynand J. Goosen. Combating tuberculosis in African rhinoceros. Experiment, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/11547.

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Chuck Murry, Chuck Murry. Sequencing the Black Rhinoceros Genome. Experiment, May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/5332.

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Furman, Burford, Laxmi Ramasubramanian, Shannon McDonald, Ron Swenson, Jack Fogelquist, Yu Chiao, Alex Pape, and Mario Cruz. Solar-Powered Automated Transportation: Feasibility and Visualization. Mineta Transportation Institute, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1948.

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A solar-powered automated transportation network (ATN) connecting the North and South campuses of San José State University with three passenger stations was designed, visualized, and analyzed in terms of its energy usage, carbon offset, and cost. The study’s methodology included the use of tools and software such as ArcGIS, SketchUp, Infraworks, Sketchup, Rhinoceros, and Autodesk 3DS Max. ATN vehicle energy usage was estimated using data from the university’s Park & Ride shuttle bus operation and by modeling with SUMOPy, the advanced simulation suite for the micro-traffic simulator SUMO. The energy study showed that an extensive solar photovoltaic (PV) canopy over the guideway and stations is sufficient for the network to run 24/7 in better-than-zero net-metered conditions—even if ridership were to increase 15% above that predicted from SJSU Park & Ride shuttle data. The resulting energy system has a PV-rated output of 6.2 MW, a battery system capacity of 9.8 MWh, and an estimated cost of $11.4 million USD. The solar ATN also produces 98% lower CO2 and PM2.5 emissions compared to the Park & Ride shuttle bus. A team of experts including urban planners, architects, and engineers designed and visualized the conceptual prototype, including a comprehensive video explaining the need for solar ATN and what a typical rider would experience while utilizing the system. This research demonstrates both benefits and challenges for solar-powered ATN, as well as its functionality within the urban built environment to serve diverse San José neighborhoods.
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