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Journal articles on the topic 'Rhizom'
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1
Misik, Robert. "Die Revolution, dieses Rhizom." Indes 5, S1 (2016): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/inde.2016.5.s1.99.
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Streiter, Andreas. "Organisatorische Komplexität in sozialen Bewegungen: Das Beispiel globaler Dschihadismus." Momentum Quarterly - Zeitschrift für sozialen Fortschritt 7, no. 1 (2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15203/momentumquarterly.vol7.no1.p3-16.
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Dieser Artikel illustriert die organisationstheoretisch relevanten Aspekte der von Gilles Deleuze und Félix Guattari entworfenen Rhizom-Metapher anhand des Fallbeispiels globaler Dschihadismus. Dabei werden zwei Ziele verfolgt: Erstens soll das Potenzial der Metapher aufgezeigt werden, zu einem besseren Verständnis dynamischer Organisationsmodalitäten beizutragen, die durch die Linse traditioneller Theorien betrachtet schwer zugänglich sind. Zweitens soll zu einem umfassenderen Verständnis des Phänomens globaler Dschihadismus beigetragen werden. Mithilfe der Rhizom-Metapher wird deutlich, dass der globale Dschihadismus nicht entweder hierarchisch oder netzwerkartig organisiert ist, sondern dass er eine organisatorische Vielheit darstellt, die hierarchische und netzwerkartige Dimensionen in sich ständig verändernden Ausprägungen umfasst.
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Hauser, Robert, and Oliver Parodi. "Das „Banse-Rhizom“ - Aktuelle Einblicke in Technologie und Philosophie." TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis 16, no. 2 (2007): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/tatup.16.2.111.
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Schmitz, Luki S. "Commoning als Rhizom denken – Normative Orientierungspunkte für gutes Leben." GENDER – Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft 13, no. 2-2021 (2021): 64–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/gender.v13i2.05.
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Ausgehend von Krisenwahrnehmungen und Sozialen Bewegungen, die durch politische Forderungen und konkrete Praktiken krisenhaften Strukturen Ideen des guten Lebens gegenüberstellen, wird Commons und Commoning als eine Form der anderen Wirtschafts- und Sozialbeziehungen vorgestellt. Zugleich wird die Pluralität der Commonspraktiken als Herausforderung für die Festlegung normativer Zielrichtungen herausgearbeitet. Durch eine immanente Perspektive, die die normativen Zielsetzungen aus der Debatte selbst herausstellt, kann ein gewinnbringender und erweiternder Umgang gelingen. Mit dem Ansatz des Rhizoms von Deleuze und Guattari wird eine Perspektive vorgestellt, die Commoning als pluralen Prozess des Werdens denkt und daraus Möglichkeiten zur Reflexion und immanente Verhandlung von normativen Zielen herausstellt.
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Koetter, U., Macki Kaloga, and H. Schilcher. "Isolierung und Strukturaufklärung vonp-Hydroxyzimtsäurealkylesterverbindungen aus dem Rhizom vonAgropyron repens, 2. Mitteilung." Planta Medica 60, no. 05 (1994): 488–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-959547.
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Sanders, Olaf. "Harlan, Charming, Freital. Eine medienbildnerische Spekulation über Zusammenhänge von globalem Hillbillytum und lokalem Ethnozentrismus in den US-Fernsehserien True Detective, Justified und Sons of Anarchy (und in Sachsen z. B.)." Neue Fernsehserien und ihr Potenzial für eine kritische Medienpädagogik 26, Neue Fernsehserien (2017): 78–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21240/mpaed/26/2017.01.16.x.
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US-Fernsehserien wie ‹True Detective›, ‹Justified› und ‹Sons of Anarchy› erzeugen Bilder von Hillbillys, die sich weltweit verbreiten und, wenn entsprechende sozalstrukturelle und soziokulturelle Voraussetzungen vorliegen, vielerorts lokale Entwicklungen eines Hillbillytums fördern. So bildet das Hillbillytum ein Rhizom und kodiert beiläufig, die aus der New Left stammenden Intentionen der Cultural Studies so um, dass sie zukünftig besser zur neuen (und auch nicht ganz so neuen) Rechten passen. Neue Gegenstrategien bleiben zu erfinden. Auch dabei können die genannten und andere Fernsehserien helfen.
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Koetter, Uwe, Macki Kaloga, and Heinz Schilcher. "Isolierung And Strukturaufklärung vonp-Hydroxyzimtsäurealkylester-Verbindungen aus dem Rhizom vonAgropyron repens; 1. Mitteilung." Planta Medica 59, no. 03 (1993): 279–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-959672.
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Mai, Jens-Erik. "Wikipedians' Knowledge and Moral Duties." Nordisk Tidsskrift for Informationsvidenskab og Kulturformidling 5, no. 1 (2016): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ntik.v5i1.25879.
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Artiklen analyserer erkendelsesteoretiske og etiske forpligtelser i Wikipedias Neutral Point of View (NPOV) politik. Analyserne afslører revner i NPOV politikkens konceptuelle fundament i forhold til begreber som mening, fakta, viden, sikkerhed, tvivl, og kognitiv autoritet. Ydermere diskuterer artiklen NPOV politikkens etiske position som antagende en absolutistisk kerne og etisk relativisme ved kanterne. Artiklen konkluderer, at Wikipedia burde genkonceptualisere og omskrive NPOV politikken og erkende, at videns lokalitet er væsentligt, at de sprogspil Wikipedianere er en del af er væsentlige, at viden er som en rhizom med inkommensurable punkter, at udfordringerne ved inklusion ligger i kernen og ikke ved kanterne, og eksplicit tage en etisk pluralistisk position i sit foretagende.
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Pothmann, R., R. Bauer, U. Danesch, and H. Göbel. "Migräneprophylaxe mit Petasites (Pestwurz)." Nervenheilkunde 24, no. 03 (2005): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1629954.
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ZusammenfassungSeit vielen Jahrhunderten wird die Pestwurz (Petasites hybridus) traditionell bei Schmerzen, Fieber und krampfartigen Zuständen eingesetzt. Pharmakologisch handelt es sich bei dem Pestwurz-Spezialextrakt um einen Lipoxygenase- und selektiven Zyklooxygenase-2-Hemmer. In der heutigen Medizin dient die Pestwurz hauptsächlich zur Prophylaxe von Migräneanfällen. Die Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit eines Pestwurz-Spezialextrakts aus dem Rhizom wurde in zwei randomisierten, doppelblinden und Plazebo-kontrollierten Studien mit mehr als 300 Patienten belegt. Die Zahl der Migräneanfälle konnte deutlich reduziert werden, bei mehr als zwei Drittel aller Patienten um mindestens 50%. Eine vergleichbare Wirkung wurde auch bei 108 Kindern und Jugendlichen in einer offenen Studie gezeigt. Nebenwirkungen sind selten und von milder Natur; überwiegend wurden Magenstörungen wie Ruktus berichtet.
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Thoonsen, Yvonne. "Schmerztherapie beim Hund mit Curcuma longa L." Zeitschrift für Ganzheitliche Tiermedizin 32, no. 04 (2018): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0668-2167.
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ZusammenfassungCurcumin ist die am besten charakterisierte Komponente aus dem Rhizom von Curcuma longa L., die eine Vielzahl von Wirkungen auf den Säugetierorganismus ausübt. Ihre antioxidativen und entzündungshemmenden Eigenschaften sind von großem Interesse und eröffnen einiges an Potenzial. Insbesondere für ältere multimorbide Hundepatienten stellt Curcumin eine wertvolle, wirkungsvolle, nebenwirkungsarme sowie auch praktisch adjuvante Therapie in Kombination mit anderen Analgetika dar. Zudem unterstützt und schützt sie zusätzlich das wichtigste Entgiftungsorgan des Organismus – die Leber – und könnte auch aufgrund seiner neuroprotektiven Wirkung bei Alzheimer-Demenz eine begleitende bzw. vorbeugende Therapieoption beim Kognitiven Dysfunktionssyndrom des Hundes darstellen. Der palliative Einsatz ggf. hochdosierten Curcumins bei Tumorerkrankungen könnte ebenfalls sinnvoll sein. Ernsthafte Studien zu Curcuma longa L., seinen Zubereitungen, Dosierungen und beim Tier sind gefordert.
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Kim, Jung-Hoon, Eui-Jeong Doh, and Guemsan Lee. "Chemical Differentiation of Genetically Identified Atractylodes japonica, A. macrocephala, and A. chinensis Rhizomes Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Chemometric Analysis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (August 2, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4860371.
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The rhizome of Atractylodes japonica, which is a herbal medicine used for gastrointestinal therapeutics, has been categorized with A. macrocephala rhizome or A. chinensis rhizome based on different therapeutic criteria in Korea, China, and Japan. In the present study, 61 A. japonica, A. macrocephala, and A. chinensis rhizomes were collected from Korea and China and were genetically identified by internal transcribed spacer sequencing analysis. Chromatographic profiles were obtained from high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the methanol and hot-water extracts of Atractylodes rhizomes and chemical differentiation of the rhizomes was carried out using chemometric statistical analyses such as principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis. The results from chromatographic profiles and chemometric analyses demonstrate that A. japonica rhizomes showed apparent chemical differences from A. macrocephala and A. chinensis rhizomes in the methanol extracts. In contrast, no clear distinction was apparent for the hot-water extracts of Atractylodes rhizomes, especially A. chinensis rhizomes. These results indicate that there is a clear chemical difference between A. japonica and A. macrocephala rhizomes; however, the chemical diversity of A. chinensis rhizome shows different chemical relationships with A. japonica or A. macrocephala rhizome, dependent on the chemical features.
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Kara, Nimet, and Gökhan Gürbüzer. "Effect of Harvest Times on Rhizoma Yield, Essential Oil Content and Composition in Iris germanica L. Species." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 5 (2019): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i5.707-713.2163.
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Research was conducted to examining the effects of harvest periods on root yield, essential oil content, resinoid content and essential oil composition of Iris species. Iris germanica field in Kuyucak town of Isparta which plant 3 years were constituted in 2016 year as three replications plots according to randomized block experimental design. Harvest was made in the middle each month from April to September (6 periods). Number of rhizomes weight, fresh rhizome yield, dry rhizome yield, essential oil ratio, resinoid ratio and composition in the Iris germanica were determined. In the study, differences between rhizome yield and examining characteristics of Iris germanica according to harvesting periods were statistically significant. Number of rhizomes varied between 3.27-6.47 per plant, rhizome weight 85.55-186.52 g per plant, fresh rhizome yield 972.8-1651.2 kg da-1, dry rhizome yield 212.33-457.50 kg da-1, essential oil and resinoid ratio of rhizome obtained after harvest 0.057-0.076%, 8.00-10.57% essential oil and resinoid ratio in stored rhizomes 0.10-0.14%, 6.95-10.45%, respectively. Rate of α-iron and ɣ-iron components that determine to qualities in essential oil of Iris rhizomes in after harvest varied between 16.1-27.7% and 23.4-50.8% and 29.4-31.2% and 55.2-59% in the essential oil stored rhizomes of Iris germanica, respectively.
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Harker, K. Neil, and John S. Taylor. "Chlormequat Chloride (CCC) Pretreatments May Enhance Quackgrass (Elytrigia repens) Control with Sethoxydim." Weed Technology 8, no. 3 (1994): 499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00039580.
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Laboratory, greenhouse, and field experiments were conducted at the Lacombe Research Station to determine if CCC, ethephon, or CCC/ethephon had direct activity on quackgrass rhizome buds, and to determine if foliar applications of CCC/ethephon could predispose quackgrass to more effective control with sethoxydim. CCC, ethephon, and CCC/ethephon had growth regulating effects on the axillary buds and the apex of detached quackgrass rhizomes. CCC increased rhizome bud sprouting on rhizomes with the apex excised, but not on rhizomes with an intact apex. Ethephon or CCC/ethephon inhibited bud sprouting on rhizomes with an intact or excised apex. CCC/ethephon, but not CCC or ethephon alone, increased rhizome elongation on rhizomes with intact apices. In the greenhouse, pretreatments of CCC/ethephon increased sethoxydim activity on quackgrass rhizome buds and caused lower shoot emergence from one-bud rhizome segments. Results of field experiments were less consistent than those in the greenhouse. However, sometimes CCC or CCC/ethephon pretreatments resulted in increased quackgrass control in the field with sethoxydim.
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Chaudoir, Leah, and A. E. Einert. "GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF GARDEN IRISES UNDER GREENHOUSE FORCING." HortScience 25, no. 8 (1990): 850f—850. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.8.850f.
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Rhizomes of Iris germanica L. `Pretty Please' were stored either dry at 21°C or potted at 10°C for 0, A, 9, 11, 13, 15, or 17 weeks. After storage, dry rhizomes were potted and placed in a forcing greenhouse. Potted rhizomes were removed from the 10°C cooler and placed in the same greenhouse. Both were forced under longdays(16 hr). A control group with no rhizome storage received natural daylength. Plants flowered without rhizome storage if grown under longdays. Four weeks of rhizome storage (cool or warm) significantly hastened flowering of potted irises over those receiving no rhizome storage, as well as producing the highest percentage of flowering plants. Potted rhizomes chilled for 17 weeks had the shortest forcing period, but only 50% of plants flowered. Plants receiving natural daylength did not flower. Greenhouse forced plants did not produce more than three flowers per scape. Foliage height at flowering decreased significantly after 15 weeks of cool rhizome storage.
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Sheaffer, C. C., R. D. Mathison, and P. Seguin. "Vegetative establishment of Kura clover." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, no. 5 (2008): 921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps08026.
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Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) is a rhizomatous perennial legume that is often challenging to establish from seed. Our objectives were to evaluate the effect of planting date (early April, late April, and mid-May), plant material (rhizomes and rhizomes with buds), and rhizome planting density (11, 44, and 178 plants m-2) on establishment of Kura clover. Establishment of the clover was enhanced by early April planting using rhizomes with buds. Kura clover populations increased with increased rhizome planting densities. Establishment of Kura clover at a rhizome density of 178 rhizome m-2 has the potential to provide yield and stands similar to broadcast seeding. Key words: Kura Clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.), vegetative propagation
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Salachna, Piotr, Agnieszka Zawadzińska, Rafał Piechocki, and Andżelika Wośkowiak. "The growth and flowering of Rhodohypoxis baurii (Baker) Nel cultivars depending on rhizome weight." Folia Horticulturae 27, no. 2 (2015): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fhort-2015-0027.
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Abstract Rhodohypoxis baurii is an ornamental plant recommended for pot and garden cultivation. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between rhizome weight and the growth, flowering and rhizome yield in two cultivars (‘Dusky’ and ‘Ruth’) of R. baurii grown as pot plants. The rhizomes were sorted into three groups by weight: 0.10-0.20 g, 0.21-0.30 g and 0.31-0.40 g. The study revealed that the plants developed from the largest rhizomes were the highest, the widest, produced the most leaves, inflorescences per rhizome, flowers per inflorescence and were the first to flower. The plants developed from rhizomes of 0.21-0.30 g and 0.31-0.40 g did not differ in their flowering rate, flower diameter or the weight of rhizomes at the end of the growing season. Flowers developed in all of the plants grown from rhizomes weighing at least 0.2 g. A comparison of cultivars showed that 'Dusky' plants were higher, wider, had more leaves, inflorescences and flowers per inflorescence, flowered earlier and produced rhizomes of greater weight than 'Ruth' plants, which had a higher greenness index and larger flowers. Both cultivars did not differ in their flowering rate. Rhizome weight gain after the cultivation period depended rather on the cultivar than on the size of the planted rhizomes.
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Rusmin, Devi, M. R. Suhartanto, S. Ilyas, Dyah Manohara, and E. Widajati. "Growth Pattern, Biochemical and Physiological Characteristics to Determine Harvesting Time of Big White Ginger Rhizome Seeds." Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat 29, no. 1 (2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bullittro.v29n1.2018.9-20.
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<p>The use of young seed rhizomes became one of the obstacles in large white ginger (JPB) cultivation. Young ginger rhizomes rapidly shrank and decrease their viability. The experiment was aimed to study growth patterns, biochemical changes, and physiology of ginger plants to produce good quality rhizome seeds. JPB rhizome seeds used were 9 months old, have been stored for 2 weeks after harvest, weighed 30-40 g with 2-3 buds, healthy, and given seed treatment. The rhizomes were planted in growth medium in polybags (60 cm x 60 cm). The study was conducted by direct observation, repeated 4 times, consisting of 50 plants per replication. Observations were made on the plant growth patterns (plant height, stem length, tillers number, leaves number); rhizome development (fresh weight, branch rhizomes number, moisture content, and dry weight during growth); starch and hormonal content (IAA, gibberellin, ABA and cytokinin) of the rhizomes; and viability of rhizome seeds (growth rate, seed height, and dry weight). The results showed that the rhizomes of the 7-month-old ginger after planting (MAP) has entered the ripening phase, the rhizome morphology was optimal, and the starch content was not different from the rhizome seeds at 8 and 9 MAP. In addition, physiologically, the rhizome's growth potential was maximal (100%), growth rate (4.3% etmal<sup>-1</sup>), and seed height (33.8 cm) were better than 8 MAP (80%, 2.9% etmal<sup>-1</sup>, 33.7 cm) and 9 MAP (70%, 2.3% etmal<sup>-1</sup>, 29.4 cm). This study indicated that ginger rhizomes harvested from 7 months old plants can be used for seeds.</p>
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Chiari, Alessandro, and Mark P. Bridgen. "Effect of Meristem Position and Medium on in Vitro Meristem Culture of Alstroemeria." HortScience 32, no. 3 (1997): 461C—461. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.461c.
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Meristems from three different positions were excised from in vitro plants of Alstroemeria genotype A30. Explants were removed from the most-distal vegetative shoot apical meristems, rhizome tip apical meristems, and rhizome tip axillary meristems. Meristems were cultured on four different media to compare the effect of meristem position and medium on the ability to produce Alstroemeria rhizomes from meristems. The meristem culture media were Murashige & Skoog salts plus 8.39 μM pantothenic acid, 1.19 μM thiamine, and 0.55 mm myo-inositol (MSM), MSM plus 8.88 μM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), MSM plus 8.88 μM BA, and 0.72 μM gibberellic acid (GA3), and MSM plus 0.72 μM GA3. Meristems that were removed from the vegetative shoot apices did not develop rhizomes on any medium. Rhizome tip apical meristems developed less than 10% rhizomes when subcultured on media containing BA and GA3. However, rhizome tip axillary meristems developed rhizomes on all media with best results achieved when the medium was supplemented with BA.
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Corr, Brian E., and Richard E. Widmer. "Paclobutrazol, Gibberellic Acid, and Rhizome Size Affect Growth and Flowering of Zantedeschia." HortScience 26, no. 2 (1991): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.2.133.
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Growth and flowering of Zantedeschia elliottiana W. Wats. and Z. rehmannii Engl. were studied. Rhizomes of both species were produced either in a glasshouse or outdoors in California. Plants grown from glasshouse-produced rhizomes flowered within 90 days only when a preplant rhizome soak of 500 ppm GA, was applied. Control plants of both species flowered when grown from field-produced rhizomes, but a GA3 preplant rhizome soak significantly increased the number of flowers (spathe and spadix) produced. Paclobutrazol, applied as a preplant rhizome soak or as a soil drench when shoots were 2 to 3 cm long, significantly limited plant height of Z. rehmannii from either source if not treated with GA,. Paclobutrazol and GA, treatments interacted significantly to affect height and number of flowers of Z. rehmannii grown from field-produced rhizomes. Treatment with GA3 overcame the dwarfing effect of paclobutrazol, while paclobutrazol treatment limited flower production. Z. rehmannii rhizomes >6.5 cm in diameter produced more shoots and leaves than smaller rhizomes, regardless of GA3 treatment. Emergence, number of shoots, and number of leaves from Z. elliottiana were not significantly affected by the rhizome size-GA3 variable combination. Production of normal flowers was increased by GA3 treatment of all sizes of Z. rehmannii rhizomes except the smallest, with the most flowers being produced by plants from the largest rhizomes. Production of deformed flowers was greatest from rhizomes treated with 500 ppm GA3, with no deformed flowers on control plants.
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Kamal, M. Z. U., and M. N. Yousuf. "Effect of Organic Manures on Growth, Rhizome Yield and Quality Attributes of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)." Agriculturists 10, no. 1 (2012): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11060.
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The investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of different organic manures on turmeric with reference to vegetative growth, biomass production, rhizome yield and its attributes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Turmeric showed better response to the application of organic manures. Plant with neem cake application had the taller plant (79.30 cm), maximum number of tillers per plant (5.40), leaf number (5.40), leaf area (44.09) leaf area index (0.429), fresh weight of halum ( 190.05g), fresh weight of root (49.13 g), fresh weight of rhizome per plant (256.21 g) and dry weight of halum (15.21g), dry weight of root (7.32 g), dry weight of rhizome per plant (40.35 g), total dry matter yield (6.85 t ha-1) than those received other types of manures. Moreover, yield attributes such as number of mother rhizomes per plant-1 (1.75), more number of primary rhizomes per plant-1 (5.19), secondary rhizomes per plant-1 (18.03) and tertiary rhizomes per plant (7.69) were also highly accelerated by neem cake application. Similarly, the same treatment expressed the best in terms of size of mother rhizome (7.69 cm), primary rhizome (21.86 cm) and secondary rhizomes (7.05 cm).All these parameters in cumulative contributed to produce the highest estimated fresh rhizomes yield & cured rhizomes yield (29.48 t ha-1, 5.59 t ha-1 respectively). The highest curing percentage (20.28) was observed in T3 treatment having mustard cake@ 2.0 t/ha. Thus, organic manure like neem cake was best fitted natural fertilizer for turmeric cultivation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11060The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 16-22
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Jongpluempiti, Jarinee, and Kiatfa Tangchaichit. "Feasibility Assessment of Using Cassava Rhizomes for Firing Pottery in Dan Kwian, Thailand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (December 2011): 1158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.1158.
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Cassava is one of the most important crops in Nakhon Ratchasima province which grows the most cassava in the Northeast of Thailand. Therefore, a large amount of cassava rhizome is left in the field after harvest. The objectives of this research were to study the feasibility of cassava rhizomes use for Dan Kwian pottery firing in the same province. The analysis consisted of physical properties, heating value and comparing firing the pottery by wood fuel and cassava rhizome. The results were that the cassava rhizomes, with moisture content of about 34.73%, had properties inferior to the woods. When the rhizomes are burned to give thermal energy to pottery products, the temperature profile of the rhizomes is similar to the profile of wood fuels. As a result, the typical quantity of rhizome required, burning time and cost are 3,627 kg, 40 hours and 1,814 baht, respectively, while the values for wood are about 2,600 kg, 34 hours and 2,600 baht, respectively. The cost of the rhizome is less than the wood by around 786 baht. Therefore, using cassava rhizome to replace wood fuel is feasible but it is necessary to control the moisture content to an appropriate level.
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Haynes, Janine G., John M. Smagula, and Paul E. Cappiello. "Rooting and Establishment of Bunchberry Stem Cuttings as Affected by Propagation Date, K-IBA, Rooting Duration, and by Division or Cuttage." HortScience 38, no. 1 (2003): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.38.1.92.
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Stem cuttings were harvested in April from four clones of containerized bunchberry(Cornus canadensis L.) forced in the greenhouse and in June from the same four clones growing in the field. April cuttings that had produced rhizomes by transplant time produced the greatest mean number and weight of shoots during the first growing season compared to April cuttings without rhizomes, June cuttings with rhizomes, or June cuttings without rhizomes. In a second study, cuttings and single-stem divisions were taken in July; divisions produced a greater mean number of shoots than did stem cuttings when compared at the end of Oct. A third study evaluated the effect of K-IBA application to lateral buds on subsequent rhizome production, and the effect of cutting node number (two vs. three nodes) on root or rhizome development. Treating lateral buds with K-IBA was not inhibitory to rhizome formation and elongation. Compared to two-node cuttings, three-node cuttings produced greater mean rootball size, rhizome number, and rhizome length; nearly twice as many of the three-node cuttings formed rhizomes as did two-node cuttings. A fourth study showed that cuttings rooted for 5 or 6 weeks in a mist enclosure generally exhibited greater shoot and rhizome production by the end of the first growing season than cuttings rooted for 8 or 9 weeks. This was despite the finding that cuttings rooted for longer durations (8 or 9 weeks) possessed larger rootballs and greater rhizome numbers at transplant time compared to cuttings rooted for shorter durations (5 to 6 weeks). Chemical name used: indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA).
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Dzeletovic, Zeljko, Gordana Andrejic, Aleksandar Simic, and Hakan Geren. "Influence of rhizome mass on the crop establishment and dry matter yield of Miscanthus×giganteus over ten seasons." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 64, no. 1 (2019): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1901021d.
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The aim of the present investigation was to assess the influence of rhizome mass on the success of plantation establishment and biomass yield of the bioenergy crop M. ? giganteus during 10 years of cultivation. The experiment included three treatments with different rhizome masses: 10-20 g (very low); 25- 35 g (low), and 40-60 g (medium mass). Planting density was 2 rhizomes m-2. The plants were harvested by mowing of the whole above-ground biomass each year in February. Out of the total number of planted rhizomes, the lowest emergence was noticed in very low mass rhizomes. In the first season, the greatest number of stems and crop height were encountered under the treatment with the highest rhizome mass. In the second season, crop heights were almost equal in all treatments. During the first two seasons, the highest biomass yields were recorded under the treatments with the highest rhizome masses. Although the analyzed parameters were highest with the rhizomes of 40-60g during the crop establishing stage, starting from the third season of cultivation, high yields of above-ground biomass may be obtained also with lower mass rhizomes. Having the highest biomass yield (25.85?7.36 Mg DM ha-1), the crop established with rhizomes of 25-35 g clearly stood out.
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Huffman, David W., John C. Zasada, and John C. Tappeiner II. "Growth and morphology of rhizome cuttings and seedlings of salal (Gaultheria shallon): effects of four light intensities." Canadian Journal of Botany 72, no. 11 (1994): 1702–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-209.
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Rhizome cuttings and seed of salal (Gaultheria shallon) were cultured in nursery beds at four light intensities (20, 50, and 70%, and full sunlight) created by various thicknesses of shade cloth. After each of two growing seasons, growth and morphological characteristics were compared among light intensities and between life stages. Under all light intensities, rhizome cuttings produced aerial stems and new rhizomes within 1 year and produced fruit within 2 years. Seedlings produced numerous aerial stems but few rhizomes. In general, 70% light induced the greatest production of aerial stems and rhizomes for both cuttings and seedlings. In 70% light, cuttings averaged more than three times the number of rhizomes and rhizome biomass and nearly twice the aerial stem biomass of cuttings in 20% light. Morphology of aerial stems, rhizomes, leaves, and seedling canopies was also affected by light quantity. Aerial stems produced by cuttings were shortest (9.9 cm) in full light and rhizome lengths were longer (27.6 cm) in 50% light than in 20% or full light. Specific leaf area of both cuttings and seedlings was highest (99.9 cm2/g and 146 cm2/g, respectively) under the most shaded treatment. The implications of these results with respect to the ecology of salal under field conditions are discussed. Key words: Gaultheria shallon, seedlings, rhizome cuttings, shade treatment, morphology, vegetative growth.
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Juneau, Kevyn J., and Catherine S. Tarasoff. "The Seasonality of Survival and Subsequent Growth of Common Reed (Phragmites australis) Rhizome Fragments." Invasive Plant Science and Management 6, no. 1 (2013): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-12-00051.1.
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AbstractCommon reed [Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.] is an invasive plant that reproduces poorly by seed but regenerates vigorously by rhizomes. Because Phragmites australis propagates well through rhizome growth, invasion often occurs from transported rhizome tissue. We investigated both rhizome-fragment biomass and seasonal effects on survival and growth of ramets. Rhizomes were collected along roadside ditches during the fall of 2009 and 2010 and during the summer of 2010 and 2011. Fall and summer were chosen because the plants were either dormant or actively growing, respectively. Rhizomes were cut into fragments then grown in a greenhouse for 60 d in vermiculite with no added nutrients. Rhizomes collected in the fall had a survival rate of 71.1%, whereas only 15.6% of those collected in the summer survived. Within season, rhizomes with low initial biomass had lower survival rates and growth than did large rhizomes. There was no seasonal difference in the total biomass produced by the surviving plants; however, allocation of biomass did differ. Summer-collected rhizomes showed a higher belowground to aboveground biomass ratio than did those collected in the fall. Understanding the viability of Phragmites australis rhizome fragments provides land managers a greater awareness of the high-establishment risks of Phragmites australis. This information should be included in an integrated weed management program, and actions should be taken to reduce the spread of this weed during roadside maintenance. Although the risk of survival is lower during the summer, soil contaminated with Phragmites australis should not be transported or must be sifted with a screen to ensure all rhizome fragments are removed.
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Klingeman, William E., Darren K. Robinson, and Gary L. McDaniel. "Regeneration of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) from Rhizome Sections in Sand, Pine Bark, and Soil Substrates." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 22, no. 3 (2004): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-22.3.139.
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Abstract Regenerative potential of mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) rhizome sections has not been quantified when rhizomes are transplanted into substrates encountered in landscapes and nursery fields, container nurseries, or propagation beds. Mugwort regeneration in pine bark, sand, and soil substrates was analyzed by rhizome color, length, and the presence or absence of a leaf scale. Color of rhizomes, which darken with time, did not account for differences in growth among treatments. Contrary to previous research, 85, 78, and 69% of 2 cm-long rhizome sections produced both roots and shoots when grown in pine bark, sand, and soil substrates, respectively, during 45-day trials. Slightly less than 31% of rhizome fragments 0.5 cm long without a leaf scale produced both roots and shoots in soil. Though fewer rhizomes survived in soil, root and shoot fresh weights were greater than in pine bark and sand. When rhizome sections included a leaf scale, survival, fresh weights of roots and shoots, shoot height, leaf number and root lengths were greater, regardless of substrate type. Root initials emerged both adjacent to leaf scales and in the internode between leaf scales. Shoot emergence preceded root emergence from rhizome sections.
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Klingeman*, William E., Darren K. Robinson, and Gary L. McDaniel. "Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) Rhizome Regeneration in Pine Bark, Soil and Sand Substrates." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 746A—746. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.746a.
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Mugwort, or false chrysanthemum (Artemisia vulgaris L) is a well-adapted invasive plant that presents increasing management challenges to agricultural producers, Green Industry professionals and homeowners across portions of the eastern U.S. The ability of mugwort to regenerate from cut rhizome sections has not been adequately quantified for substrates that are typical of landscapes and nursery fields, container nurseries, and propagation beds. Cut rhizome sections were analyzed by rhizome color, length, and the presence or absence of a leaf scale. Media substrates included pine bark, sand, and soil. Rhizomes darken with time and color did not account for differences in growth among treatments. When grown in pine bark, sand, and soil substrates during 45-d trials, 85%, 78%, and 69% of 2 cm-long rhizome sections produced both roots and shoots. These results contrast with previous research. When rhizome fragments 0.5 cm long did not include a leaf scale, slightly fewer than 31% produced both roots and shoots in soil. Fewer rhizomes survived in soil, but root and shoot fresh masses of soil-grown rhizomes were greater than rhizomes that were regenerated in pine bark and sand. When rhizome sections had a leaf scale, survival, fresh masses of roots and shoots, shoot height, leaf number and root lengths were greater, regardless of substrate type. Root initials emerged in the internode between leaf scales and also adjacent to leaf scales. Shoot emergence preceded root emergence from rhizome sections. Growers, landscape managers and homeowners should scout regularly and initiate aggressive controls when mugwort populations are found.
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Moen, Jon, Pär K. Ingvarsson, and David WH Walton. "Estimates of structural complexity in clonal plant morphology: comparisons of grazed and ungrazed Acaena magellanica rhizomes." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 6 (1999): 869–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-047.
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The aim of this study is to examine the information given by various indices of rhizome morphology that describe grazed and ungrazed rhizome systems of Acaena magellanica (Rosaceae). Internode lengths, branching probabilities, and branching angles were estimated from grazed and ungrazed rhizomes in the field. These parameter values were then used in computer simulations of rhizome growth, and the structural complexity of the simulated rhizomes were described using size, topology, and fractal dimensions. Grazed rhizomes had shorter internodes, higher probabilities of branching, and more open branching angles than ungrazed rhizomes. This resulted in a more directional growth (herring-bone pattern) in the simulated ungrazed rhizomes, whereas the grazed rhizomes had a more space-filling growth pattern. Most indices, even though they are based on different mathematical and theoretical backgrounds, were highly correlated and thus equally good at describing the structural complexity exhibited by the rhizomes. However, indices have different relationships to theories about function, and we suggest that any study of structural complexity of branching systems should use several different indices of shape depending on the questions asked.Key words: Acaena magellanica, fractal dimension, grazing, growth simulation, topology.
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Debnath*, Samir. "Growth and Development of Lingonberry Cultivars as Affected by In Vitro and Ex Vitro Culture Methods and Source Propagule." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 891A—891. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.891a.
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The morphological development of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) plants propagated either by conventional softwood cuttings or by in vitro shoot proliferation from nodal explants or by shoot regeneration from excised leaves of micropropagated shoots, was studied in cultivars `Regal', `Splendor', and `Erntedank'. Significant differences were observed between the treatments. In vitro-derived plants produced more shoots branches and rhizomes in contrast to conventional cuttings which rarely produced rhizomes. Plants propagated from cuttings had a lower number but vigorous shoots and thicker rhizomes than in vitro-derived plants. Source propagule had significant effect on multiplication rate. Another experiment evaluated the effect of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) application to softwood cuttings on subsequent rooting, shoot development, and rhizome production. Treating cuttings with IBA did not significantly improve rhizome formation and elongation. In vitro culture on nutrient medium apparently induces the juvenile branching characteristics that favored rhizome production. The advantage of rhizome production of in vitro-derived plants over stem cuttings varied among genotypes.
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Hoque, MA, BK Bala, MA Hossain, and M. Borhan Uddin. "Drying Kinetics Of Ginger Rhizome (Zingiber officinale)." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 38, no. 2 (2013): 301–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15892.
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This paper presents the drying kinetics of ginger rhizome under blanched and nonblanched conditions using hybrid solar dryer and mechanical tray dryer at three temperature levels. The drying rate increases with the increase in drying air temperature and blanching also increases the drying rate. The drying rate depends on shape and size of the ginger rhizomes. The highest drying rate was found for sliced samples of ginger rhizome followed by splitted and whole root samples. Five thin layer drying models were fitted to the experimental data of blanched and sliced ginger rhizomes. The Page equation was found to be the best to predict the moisture content of sliced ginger rhizome in thin layer. The agreement between the predicted and experimental results was excellent. Colour of ginger rhizomes was slightly changed after drying. Lightness of ginger rhizomes decreased with an increase in drying temperature for all samples except sliced and blanched samples. For drying of ginger rhizome, it should be sliced and blanched and dried below 70°C for better quality dried products. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 301-319, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15892
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Wulur, Mizhael A. P., Khrsitin I. F. Kondoy, and Jety K. Rangan. "Morphometric Studies of Seagrass Halophila ovalis (R.Brown) Hooker in Kahona, Lembeh Sub-district of Bitung City and in the Tasik Ria, Tombariri Sub-district , Minahasa District." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 7, no. 1 (2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.7.1.2019.21440.
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Seagrass is a marine plant that has roots with a rhizom system, the structure of the stem and leaves can be clearly distinguished. Halophila ovalis belongs to the Hydrocharitaceae family and common characteristics of this family include two branched leaves, oval leaf shape, small stalks and rhizomes that are easily broken and smooth, single-haired roots. This research was carried out in the coastal waters of Kahona Beach, South Lembeh Sub-district, Bitung City, and in Tasik Ria Beach, Tombariri Sub-district, Minahasa Regency. To date, there is no information regarding the comparison of morphometric of seagrass Halophila ovalis in both locations. The research objective was to compare the morphometric size of Halophila ovalis based on both research locations (Kahona Beach and Tasik Ria Beach). Data collection was conducted using survey method. As many as 30 plants in each study location were collected, washed with sea water and put into plastic samples which would then be measured using a digital caliper.In the results obtained, statistically, the Halophila ovalis species on Kahona Beach and Tasik Ria Beach are the same. There is no significant difference with regard to the size of the growth. This is due to the condition of the existing environmental parameters. Environmental parameter conditions in these two locations are still within the safe limits of seagrasses to grow optimally. From the measurement results, it can be seen that the size of seagrass growth in Tasik Ria Beach is smaller than that on Kahona Beach. This is due to the activities of people who come touring that accidentally damage seagrasses and damaged coral reef ecosystems are unable to withstand the strong currents and trash carried. Whereas in Kahona Beach, this is a marine protected area that is still rare for tourists to visit even though it has become an ecotourism area so that the conditions are still good and maintained, not only the seagrass ecosystem but also mangrove ecosystems and coral reefs.Keywords: Morfometrics, Halophila ovalis, Kahona Beach, Tasik Ria Beach ABSTRAK Lamun adalah tumbuhan air yang memiliki akar dengan sistem perakaran rhizoma, struktur batang dan daun yang dapat dibedakan dengan jelas. Halophila ovalis termasuk dalam famili Hydrocharitaceae. Ciri-ciri umum dari famili ini antara lain daun bercabang dua, bentuk daun oval, memiliki tangkai yang kecil dan rhizome yang mudah patah serta akar tunggal yang berambut halus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di perairan Pantai Kahona Kecamatan Lembeh Selatan Kota Bitung dan di perairan Pantai Tasik Ria Kecamatan Tombariri Kabupaten Minahasa. Sampai saat ini, belum ada informasi mengenai perbandingan morfometrik lamun Halophila ovalis di kedua lokasi yang tersedia. Adapun yang menjadi tujuan penelitian yaitu membandingkan ukuran morfometrik Halophila ovalis berdasarkan lokasi penelititan (Pantai Kahona dan Pantai Tasik Ria). Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei jelajah, sebanyak 30 pada setiap lokasi penelitian, dicuci dengan air laut dan dimasukan kedalam plastik sampel yang kemudian akan diukur dengan menggunakan caliper digital. Pada hasil yang diperoleh, secara statistik spesies Halophila ovalis di Pantai Kahona dan di Pantai Tasik Ria adalah sama. Tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata berkaitan dengan ukuran pertumbuhan tersebut. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kondisi parameter lingkungan yang ada. Kondisi parameter lingkungan pada kedua lokasi ini masih dalam batas yang aman bagi lamun untuk bertumbuh kembang secara optimal. Dari hasil pengukuran terlihat bahwa ukuran pertumbuhan lamun yang ada di Pantai Tasik Ria lebih kecil dari pada yang ada di Pantai Kahona. Hal ini disebabkan aktivitas masyarakat yang datang berwisata yang tidak sengaja merusak lamun serta ekosistem terumbu karang yang sudah rusak tidak mampu menahan kuatnya arus dan sampah yang terbawa. Sedangkan di Pantai Kahona ini merupakan daerah perlindungan laut yang masih jarang wisatawan walaupun sudah menjadi daerah ekowisata sehingga kondisi di Pantai Kahona masih baik dan terjaga, bukan hanya ekosistem lamunnya tapi juga ekosistem mangrove dan terumbu karang.Kata Kunci : Morfometrik, Halophila ovalis, Pantai Kahona, Pantai Tasik Ria
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Indrani, Krisna Hany, Duman Care Khrisne, and I. Made Arsa Suyadnya. "Android Based Application for Rhizome Medicinal Plant Recognition Using SqueezeNet." Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Informatics 4, no. 1 (2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jeei.2020.v04.i01.p02.
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Rhizome is modification of stem that grows below the surface of the soil and produce new bud and roots from its segments. Besides being used as spices, rhizome also used by people as ingredients of traditional medicine to treat various diseases. This proves that rhizome has many benefits. However, the ability to recognize types of rhizome can only be done by certain people because rhizome has variety of types, aromas, and different colors. This study was designed to build an Android based application to recognize the types of rhizome, so that people can recognize types of rhizome without having special knowledge. The application was built using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) methods with SqueezeNet architecture model. This study used 9 class of rhizome with Zingiberaceae Family, namely Bangle, Jahe, Kunyit Kuning, Kencur, Lengkuas, Temu Kunci, Temu Ireng, Temu Mangga, and Temulawak. Testing is carried out to know the performance of application such as accuracy level of application in recognize types of rhizome. Based on the results of testing with 54 rhizomes sample images, the application is capable of recognizing rhizomes types by obtaining a top-1 accuracy value of 41% and top-5 accuracy value of 81%.
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Mallik, A. U. "Ecology of a forest weed of Newfoundland: vegetative regeneration strategy of Kalmia angustifolia." Canadian Journal of Botany 71, no. 1 (1993): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b93-018.
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The vegetative regeneration characteristics of Kalmia angustifolia were studied by examining the near ground and below-ground structures of the plant. Three methods of vegetative regeneration were observed in Kalmia: layering, stem-base sprouting, and rhizomatous growth, which make the plant more resilient than other ericaceous plants of similar stature following disturbance. Layering occurred only in tall old Kalmia of undisturbed habitats. Stem-base sprouting and rhizomatous growth were found to be the most common and most effective modes of vegetative regeneration. These methods were common in both disturbed and undisturbed habitats. Three types of rhizome systems, namely primary, secondary, and tertiary rhizomes, were identified and described for the first time in Kalmia. Secondary rhizomes were found to be the most effective organ for vegetative spread of the plant. Some secondary rhizomes may grow more than 1 m in one growing season. A 5-year-old Kalmia may produce, on average, 36 secondary rhizomes with a total length of 750 cm. Secondary rhizomes of Kalmia first grow horizontally, then come aboveground growing vertically and exhibiting apical dominance. Large numbers of dormant vegetative buds (three at each node) and adventitious roots are produced at the rhizome nodes. Transverse sections of current-year rhizome showed many trichomes. The cells of the pith are thick-walled and are characterized by large lysigenous cavities. The anatomy of axillary buds and leaf primordia of the aboveground stems of Kalmia were similar to buds and bud scales of the rhizome. Key words: Kalmia, disturbance, fire, regeneration strategy, rhizome, trichomes.
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Adi, Eko Binnaryo Mei, and Enung Sri Mulyaningsih. "The Effects of Fertilizer Treatment, Rhizome Seed Size, and Day of Harvest In Java Turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.)." AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian 3, no. 2 (2019): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/agrosainstek.v3i2.49.
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Java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is cultivated as a secondary crop, resulting in variable rhizome quality which can be increased by suitable cultivation methods. This study investigated the effect of different cultivation methods on the rhizome yield of Java turmeric. Different fertilizer treatments(none, organic, inorganic, and semi-organic fertilizer), three groups of rhizome seed size (small (50–80 g), medium (100–150 g), and large (200–250 g)) and three groups of harvesting age (eight, ten, and twelve months after planting) were evaluated in a split plot design experiment. Results show that large rhizome seed size together with organic fertilizer treatment increased secondary rhizome production, yielding the highest number, weight and diameter. As high levels of starch in the primary rhizome are crucial for growth of the plant, the use of large rhizomes for propagation is indicated in Java turmeric cultivation. The highest weight and number of primary rhizomes were yielded when plants were harvested twelve months after planting.
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Landhäusser, S. M., K. J. Stadt, V. J. Lieffers, and D. H. McNabb. "Rhizome growth of Calamagrostis canadensis in response to soil nutrients and bulk density." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 76, no. 3 (1996): 545–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps96-099.
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In a series of experiments, we investigated rhizome spread and the growth of C. canadensis, as governed by changes in soil bulk density and nutrient availability. The ability of rhizomes originating from vigorous Calamagrostis canadensis plants to penetrate mineral soil with different bulk densities and their response to various nutrient conditions were assessed in a split container experiment. Decreasing biomass and length of rhizomes with increasing soil bulk density showed that clonal expansion of C. canadensis onto areas of exposed mineral soil from adjacent swards was limited mainly by soil bulk density. No nutrient effect on rhizome growth was detectable; the rhizomes were probably well supplied with nutrients by translocation from the mother plant. Results of a second split container experiment indicated that rhizome growth was better in organic than in mineral soils. In a third experiment, entire C. canadensis plants were grown in mineral soil at different levels of soil bulk density and nutrient condition. Here, rhizome biomass and expansion were limited mainly by nutrient availability; however, once the nutritional needs of the plants were met, increasing bulk density reduced the amount of rhizome spread. These results could be useful in reforestation, e.g. selecting those methods of site preparation which reduce the growth and competitive ability of C. canadensis relative to tree seedlings. Key words: Compaction, rhizome, litter, mineral soil, yield, Calamagrostis canadensis
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Kuzovenkova, Yulia. "The norm and deviation boundaries in the subcultural aspect." Socium i vlast 4 (2020): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1996-0522-2020-4-47-55.
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Introduction. The article examines the role of youth culture (in particular, counterculture and subculture) in reformatting the modern sociocultural space. As long ago asin the 1970s. the researchers pointed out that young people, showing their active position, change the realities of the socio-cultural space in which their parents lived. The research is based on the materials of the graffiti and street art subculture, as an informal artistic practice. The graffiti subculture emerged among African American teenagers in the 1970s in New York City. The first label that this subculture has been endowed with by society and city authorities is vandalism. However, in the late 1970s early 1980s graffiti is involved in the sphere of the art world institutions activities (private galleries) and becomes in demand among collectors. Street art emerges under its influence. The aim of the study is to reveal due to what characteristics of the socio-cultural space the transition from deviation (vandal practice) to the asserting norm became possible. Methods. The methodological basis of the research is the theory of generations by K. Mannheim and his concept of «fresh contact», which indicates the rethinking of the previously assimilated sociocultural experience by the subjects of culture. Another methodological basis is the concept of rhizome, introduced into scientific circulation by the philosophers J. Deleuze and F. Guattari. Scientific novelty of the research. It is shown how the rhizomatic principle of organizing culture is realized during the transition of youth practice from the space of deviant, in accordance with social norms, actions into the institutionalized space of the art world. Results. Using the example of the metamorphosis that the youth subculture of graffiti underwent in the late 20th — early 21st centuries, the author shows how the boundaries between norm and deviation are shifting in modern society. Conclusions. The rhizom principle, clearly manifested in the organization of the space of postmodern culture, allows graffiti and street art to make the above transition. The fall of the great narrative in the art world leads to the loosening of hierarchies and creates an opportunity for the integration of once marginal phenomena into the space of official art. K. Mannheim’s concept of «fresh contact» is effective in the study of postmodern culture.
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Bessho-Uehara, Kanako, Jovano Erris Nugroho, Hirono Kondo, Rosalyn B. Angeles-Shim, and Motoyuki Ashikari. "Sucrose affects the developmental transition of rhizomes in Oryza longistaminata." Journal of Plant Research 131, no. 4 (2018): 693–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10265-018-1033-x.
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Abstract Oryza longistaminata, the African wild rice, can propagate vegetatively through rhizomes. Rhizomes elongate horizontally underground as sink organs, however, they undergo a developmental transition that shifts their growth to the surface of the ground to become aerial stems. This particular stage is essential for the establishment of new ramets. While several determinants such as abiotic stimuli and plant hormones have been reported as key factors effecting developmental transition in aerial stem, the cause of this phenomenon in rhizome remains elusive. This study shows that depletion of nutrients, particularly sucrose, is the key stimulus that induces the developmental transition in rhizomes, as indicated by the gradient of sugars from the base to the tip of the rhizome. Sugar treatments revealed that sucrose specifically represses the developmental transition from rhizome to aerial stem by inhibiting the expression of sugar metabolism and hormone synthesis genes at the bending point. Sucrose depletion affected several factors contributing to the developmental transition of rhizome including signal transduction, transcriptional regulation and plant hormone balance.
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Debnath, Samir C. "Influence of propagation method a nd indole-3-butyric acid on growth and development of in vitro- and ex vitro-derived lingonberry plants." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, no. 1 (2006): 235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p04-142.
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The effects of two propagation methods and four indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations were studied in two cultivars of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.). Cultivars Regal and Erntedank, propagated by conventional softwood cuttings (SC) and adventitious shoot regeneration from excised leaves of micropropagated shoots (LC), were evaluated for growth and morphology. Significant two- and three-way interactions for shoot and rhizome characteristics were observed among the treatments. The LC plants produced shorter and less-vigorous shoots but had more stems, branches, leaves and rhizomes in contrast to conventional cuttings, which rarely produced rhizomes. IBA had an effect on shoot and rhizome morphology, but not on the frequency of rhizome formation. In vitro culture on zeatin-containing nutrient medium apparently induces the juvenile branching characteristics that favored enhanced rhizome production. The advantage of shoot and rhizome production of adventitiously produced LC plants over SC plants varied between the genotypes. Erntedank plants had better shoot growth and rhizome development across propagation methods than did Regal plants. Key words: Vaccinium vitis-idaea, propagation, regeneration, cuttings, indole-3-butyric acid
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Peng, Qin, Yihui Yuan, and Meiying Gao. "Bacillus pumilus, a Novel Ginger Rhizome Rot Pathogen in China." Plant Disease 97, no. 10 (2013): 1308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-12-1178-re.
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Ginger rhizome rot is a major factor limiting the yield and marketability of ginger in Shandong Province, China. In order to identify the pathogen causing ginger rhizome rot, evaluate its pathogenicity, and explore its pathogenesis, diseased ginger rhizomes and surrounding soils were collected. A gram-positive, spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated GR8, was frequently isolated from the ginger rhizome samples. The bacterium was identified as Bacillus pumilus based on physio-biochemical and molecular biology characteristics. Pathogenicity studies with GR8 showed that it could cause disease of the tested rhizomes slices and the entire rhizome when wounded but no disease occurred when the rhizome was not wounded. Preliminary pathogenicity studies demonstrated that cell-free cultures of GR8 could not cause any disease symptoms, whereas the bacterial suspensions caused severe symptoms. The pathology studies revealed that infection of GR8 could cause starch grains to shrink from normal size, and destroy the parenchyma cells by invading and propagating in them. This is the first report of B. pumilus causing ginger rhizome rot.
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Pate, JS, KA Meney, and KW Dixon. "Contrasting Growth and Morphological Characteristics of Fire-Sensitive (Obligate Seeder) and Fire-Resistant (Resprouter) Species of Restionaceae (S Hemisphere Restiads) From South-Western Western-Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 39, no. 6 (1991): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9910505.
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Populations of south-western Australian members of the Restionaceae were examined in a wide range of wetland, seasonally inundated and dryland habitats over 4 years and the behaviour of 82 of the species authenticated according to whether they survived (resprouter strategy) or were killed (obligate seeder strategy) by fire. Material of the same seeder and resprouter species collected during summer or early autumn from habitats not burnt for at least 5 years was then used for morphometric measurements, observations on rhizome morphology, determinations of culm: rhizome dry weight (DW) ratios and assays of starch and sugars in rhizomes. Rhizome diameters of all 37 resprouters exceeded 2.3 mm while 28 of the 45 seeder species had narrow rhizomes in the range 0.2-2.1 mm. Culm : rhizome DW ratios of seeders (mean 12.3 ± s.e. 1.2) were much higher than those of resprouters (mean 2.9 ± s.e. 0.4). Mean ± position of perennating buds of seeders was mostly at or close to soil surface (-0.6 ± 0.2 cm), while that of resprouters was more deeply buried ( 2.8 ± s.e. 0.5 cm), Seven categories of rhizome morphology were recognised. Three of these (essentially tufted habit, rhizome growth ascending or erect) were much more typical of seeders (n = 37) than resprouters (n = 5). The other four categories included rhizomes of basically horizontal growth and a loosely tufted or widely spreading habit, and were collectively associated more with resprouters (n = 32) than seeders (n = 8). Starch was present at detectable levels in rhizomes of 23 species of resprouters (mean concentration ± s.e. DW for these positive species was 7.13 ± 1.62%) and only 3 seeders (0.16 ± 0.11%). Levels of total soluble sugars (mean ± s.e. DW) (predominantly sucrose, fructose and glucose) were 3.39 ± 0.59% in resprouters compared with 1.06 ± 0.19% in seeders. Data are discussed in relation to previous studies on seeder and resprouter representatives from other plant families.
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Ma, Xiqing, Jingjin Yu, Lili Zhuang, Yi Shi, William Meyer, and Bingru Huang. "Differential regulatory pathways associated with drought-inhibition and post-drought recuperation of rhizome development in perennial grass." Annals of Botany 126, no. 3 (2020): 481–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa099.
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Abstract Background and Aims Rhizomes are key organs for the establishment of perennial grass stands and adaptation to environmental stress. However, mechanisms regulating rhizome initiation and elongation under drought stress and during post-drought recovery remain unclear. The objective of this study is to investigate molecular factors and metabolic processes involved in drought effects and post-drought recovery in rhizome growth in perennial grass species by comparative transcriptomic and proteomic profiling. Methods Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) (B-type rhizome genotype, ‘BR’) plants were exposed to drought stress and re-watering in growth chambers. The number and length of rhizomes were measured following drought stress and re-watering. Hormone and sugar contents were analysed, and transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were performed to identify metabolic factors, genes and proteins associated with rhizome development. Key Results Rhizome initiation and elongation were inhibited by drought stress, and were associated with increases in the contents of abscisic acid (ABA) and soluble sugars, but declines in the contents of indoleacetic acid (IAA), zeatin riboside (ZR) and gibberellin (GA4). Genes involved in multiple metabolic processes and stress defence systems related to rhizome initiation exhibited different responses to drought stress, including ABA signalling, energy metabolism and stress protection. Drought-inhibition of rhizome elongation could be mainly associated with the alteration of GA4 and antioxidants contents, energy metabolism and stress response proteins. Upon re-watering, new rhizomes were regenerated from rhizome nodes previously exposed to drought stress, which was accompanied by the decline in ABA content and increases in IAA, ZR and GA4, as well as genes and proteins for auxin, lipids, lignin and nitrogen metabolism. Conclusions Drought-inhibition of rhizome initiation and elongation in tall fescue was mainly associated with adjustments in hormone metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and stress-defence systems. Rhizome regeneration in response to re-watering involved reactivation of hormone and lipid metabolism, secondary cell-wall development, and nitrogen remobilization and cycling.
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SMD, ROSITA, MONO RAHARDJO, and SUDIARTO SUDIARTO. "PENGARUH PERLAKUAN SETEK RIMPANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKTIVITAS GARUT (Maranta arundinacea L.)." Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 8, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v8n1.2002.1-6.
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Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) is usually propagated through young tillers or rhizome cuttings. A glass house and field tials were carried out at the Cimanggu Expeimental Insulation of the Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops (RISMC), to assess 0k efect of rhizome patition and number of nodes of each parts on the viability of rhizomes, growth, productivity and starch content of arrowroot A clone of arrowroot (No. 17) collected from RISMC was used. One, two, three or four nodes of rhizomes cut at the base, middle or tip were used. A preliminary study was conducted in glass house from August to September 1999, where 40 samples of rhizomes were tested for their viability. Further study was conducted in the field from October 1999 to April 2000, to assess the growth, productivity and starch content of the rhizome from each treatment. The ield experiment was designed as a randomized block, arranged factorially in three replicates. The first factor was rhizome part (base, middle or tip) snd the second one was number of nodes (one, two, three or four nodes). Results showed that the highest percentage of plant growth, and seedling vigor of one month old were obtained from Uic four nodes tip rhizome cutting. At 6.5 month after planting the highest significant yield of resh rhizome was obtained from both base and middle parts rhizome cutting (324.04 and 326.46 g/hill), while the tip curling only produced 240.0 g/hill. The highest starch yield was obtained from the treatments of both the base and middle parts rhizome cutting i.e. 52.51 and 61.25 g/hill, while the tip cutting produced 47.19 g/hill. There was no interaction efect between the irst and the second factors on fresh rhizome yield. Highest signiicant fresh rhizome yield can also be obtained by using more than one node (320.96 - 337.69 g/hill), while a node cuting gave 198.65 g/hill only. Using base and middle rhizome cutting with 3 nodes gave the effective and eficient result, since it gave higher yield of the resh rhizome starch (70.38 and 72.41 g/hill).
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MELATI, MELATI, SATRIYAS ILYAS, ENDAH RETNO PALUPI, and ANAS D. SUSILA. "KARAKTER FISIK DAN FISIOLOGIS JENIS RIMPANG SERTA KO RELASINYA DENGAN VIABILITAS BENIH JAHE PUTIH BESAR (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)." Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 21, no. 2 (2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v21n2.2015.89-98.
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<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Salah satu kendala dalam produksi jahe putih besar (Zingiber treatments tested were five types of rhizomes, control (2-3 vegetative officinale Rosc.) adalah tingginya kebutuhan benih yaitu sekitar 2 juta ton buds), mother rhizome, primary rhizome, secondary rhizomes, and tertiary per ha. Efisiensi penggunaan benih tanaman telah dilakukan melalui penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menentukan karakter awal rimpang yang berhubungan/berkorelasi dengan viabilitas benih rimpang dan peluang perbanyakan jahe dengan menggunakan satu jenis rimpang. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di rumah kaca dan laboratorium benih Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor pada bulan Mei 2014 sampai Agustus 2014. Benih tanaman berasal dari jahe putih besar yang dipanen pada umur 9 bulan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji yaitu lima jenis rimpang yaitu kontrol (2-3 propagul), rimpang induk, rimpang primer, rimpang sekunder, dan rimpang tersier. Pengamatan karakteristik awal rimpang/mutu fisik (bobot, diamater, panjang dan kekerasan) dilakukan terhadap masing-masing jenis rimpang. Mutu kimia meliputi kadar pati, kadar serat, kadar air, kandungan hormon GA3 dan hormon IAA serta laju respirasi. Peubah yang diamati untuk menduga viabilitas benih yaitu daya tumbuh yang diukur 1 BST (bulan setelah tanam). Viabilitas potensial benih yaitu tinggi tunas, jumlah tunas, jumlah daun, bobot kering tunas, bobot basah rimpang, bobot kering rimpang, panjang akar bobot kering akar diamati pada 1,5 BST. Data awal (karakter fisik dan fisiologis rimpang) dikorelasikan dengan viabilitas benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar pati berkorelasi positif dengan viabilitas benih (daya tumbuh). Viabilitas benih berkorelasi negatif dengan karakter fisik rimpang (bobot, kekerasan, dan diameter). Rimpang induk mempunyai kadar pati dan kekerasan yang tinggi. Kontrol yang selama ini digunakan sebagai kriteria benih mempunyai daya tumbuh rendah. Efisiensi penggunaan rimpang dapat dilakukan menggunakan satu jenis rimpang (satu propagul). Rimpang induk, primer, sekunder dan tersier yang terdiri atas satu propagul dengan bobot rimpang antara 20 dan 40 g dapat digunakan sebagai sumber benih.</p><p>Kata kunci: Zingiber officinale Rosc, efisiensi benih, jenis rimpang, korelasi, viabilitas benih</p><p> </p><p>Correlation Among Physical, Physiological Characters of Rhizome Type and Viability of Large White Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>One of the problems in the large white ginger production of (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is high requirement for seed rhizome (± 2 ton per ha). Efficiency of propagation material has been carried out through research that aims to determine the initial character of rhizome related to seed viability of ginger rhizome and opportunity’s of propagation using one type of rhizome. This experiment was conducted in the greenhouse and laboratory of Seed Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Crops, Bogor from May 2014 to August 2014. The plant material derived from a large white ginger is harvested 9 months after planting. The design used was a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments tested were five types of rhizomes, secondary rhizomes, and tertiary rhizomes. Observations baseline characteristics of rhizomes /physical characters (weight, diameter, length and hardness) carried out on each type of rhizome. Physiological characters (starch content, fiber content, water content, GA3, IAA and respiration rate). Viability (growth ability) was observed at 1 MAP (month after planting). Potential viability (sprout height, number of shoots, number of leaves, dry weight of shoots, rhizomes wet weight, dry weight of rhizomes, root length root dry weight) were observed at 1.5 MAP. The physical, physiological characters and viability observations were subjected to correlation. The results showed that starch content positive significant correlation with viability (growth ability). Viability was negative significant correlation with physical character of rhizome (weight, hardness, and diameter). Mother rhizome has high starch content and high hardness. Efficiency of seeds can be done by using single rhizome (one propagule) as propagation material, with rhizome weight ± 20 - 40g.</p><p>Keywords: Zingiber officinale Rosc, seed efisiensi, rhizome type, correlation, viability</p>
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Paek, Kee Yoeup, and Toyoki Kozai. "Micropropagation of Temperate Cymbidium via Rhizome Culture." HortTechnology 8, no. 3 (1998): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.8.3.283.
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We report the results of serial studies aimed at clarifying several factors affecting organogenesis in rhizome culture of temperate Cymbidium species and their hybrids. The growth patterns and regeneration ability of rhizomes derived from asymbiotic seed or shoot tip culture vary according to media composition, kinds and concentrations of plant growth regulators, culture conditions, and species and varieties. N6-benzyladenine was the best cytokinin for inducing shoot formation, for switching rhizome tissues into protocorm-like bodies, and for directly forming multiple shoots from branched rhizomes. Activated charcoal appeared to be necessary for producing healthy plantlets and for stimulating shoot growth at levels of 0.1% to 0.3% but concomitantly decreased rhizome growth. Sucrose at 5% was the most effective concentration for shoot induction from rhizomes. The above results support the conclusion that organogenic pathways between tropical, subtropical, and temperate Cymbidium species may be controlled by the genetic backgrounds of the species or cultivars.
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Liu, Fen, Luning Li, Xinchen Tian, Dengtian Zhang, Wenxue Sun, and Shulong Jiang. "Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Steroid Saponins Isolated from Rhizoma Paridis." Journal of Chemistry 2021 (September 16, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1442906.
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Rhizoma Paridis, the rhizome of liliaceous plants Paris polyphylla, is one of the most commonly used herbal drugs in China. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies have shown that steroid saponins were the major effective ingredients of Rhizoma Paridis to exert antitumor, anti-inflammatory, hemostasis, and antifibrosis functions. In this review, we discussed the chemical structures of steroid saponins and their related biological activity and mechanisms in cellular and animal models, aiming to provide a reference for future comprehensive exploitation and development of saponins.
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Ivany, Jerry A. "Effect of Rhizome Depth in Soil on Emergence and Growth of Field Mint (Mentha arvensis)." Weed Technology 11, no. 1 (1997): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x0004149x.
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Field mint is widespread on Prince Edward Island and has become a problem in the production of cereal grains, potatoes, and other crops. Studies were conducted to determine if deep burial of the rhizome could be used as a control method. Rhizome pieces measuring 2.5, 5.0, or 10.0 cm in length were hand-buried in soil at depths of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, or 20.0 cm in the spring. As planting depth increased, shoot emergence was delayed and fewer shoots emerged throughout the season. The smallest rhizome of 2.5 cm produced the fewest shoots during the season, but larger rhizomes (5.0 or 10.0 cm long) produced greater amounts of shoot and rhizome dry weights than smaller rhizomes. Deep burial of field mint to 20.0 cm by inversion plowing could be used as a means of field mint control, especially in early planted competitive crops that close canopy quickly.
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Wilcut, John W., Roland R. Dute, Bryan Truelove, and Donald E. Davis. "Factors Limiting the Distribution of Cogongrass,Imperata cylindrica, and Torpedograss,Panicum repens." Weed Science 36, no. 5 (1988): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500075433.
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Greenhouse, growth chamber, and laboratory studies were conducted to determine anatomical and morphological characteristics and cultural practices limiting the distribution of cogongrass, torpedograss, and johnsongrass in the United States. Cogongrass did not produce axillary buds along most of the rhizome nor regenerate when apical six-node-long rhizome segments were buried deeper than 8 cm. Both torpedograss and johnsongrass produced axillary buds along the entire lengths of their rhizomes. Torpedograss shoot emergence decreased at burial depths between 8 and 16 cm. Shoot emergence from johnsongrass rhizomes was not affected by burial as deep as 16 cm. Rhizomes of all three species were tolerant of desiccation. Cogongrass grew better in soil at pH 4.7 than in soil at pH 6.7, whereas torpedograss and johnsongrass grew equally well in either pH. It is postulated that cogongrass spread is limited by lack of axillary bud formation on most of the rhizome and the inability of rhizomes to send up new shoots if buried deeper than 8 cm. These factors could account for the intolerance of cogongrass to cultivation. Torpedograss appears to spread only vegetatively due to the lack of viable seed production.
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Massie, Raya. "Hypercreature Rhizome: A Performative Work." Cultural Studies Review 10, no. 1 (2013): 61–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/csr.v10i1.3521.
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This writing is an experiment, created primarily out of a synergy of rhizome, flesh, concept and hypercreature, although there are also infinite others resonating through the work. This writing is not, however, a ‘rhizomic’ or ‘fleshy’ work: it is neither faithful, nor does it seek to represent; it is not a rhizomic performance, but rather the writing is performative of hypercreature, rhizome and flesh. It is not a duplicity, but a multiplicity: this writing is an evolution or perhaps a ‘creative involution’ of these concepts.
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Sukati, Suriyan, and Warachate Khobjai. "Total Phenolic Content and DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Young Turmeric Grown in Southern Thailand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 886 (January 2019): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.886.61.
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Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), a member of Zingiberacaeae, is used for Thai traditional medicine, flavoring, preservative, and coloring agent. In Southern Thailand, turmeric is a famous ingredient for food recipes. Not only is the ripened rhizome used for cuisine, but also the young rhizomes. Previous studies have indicated that a variety of turmeric products from the ripened rhizome are valuable source of antioxidant compounds. However, there are ambiguous data regarding the level of antioxidant activity of the young rhizome. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the young rhizomes by comparing to the ripened rhizome. TPC and antioxidant activity of aqueous and 80% methanolic extracts from the young turmeric grown in Southern Thailand were estimated using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and DPPH free radical scavenging activity (DPPH-RSA) assay, respectively. Results showed that the concentration of TPC determined in methanolic extract (19.80±0.25 mg GAE/ g extract) from the young rhizome was significantly higher than the corresponding aqueous extract (18.38±0.41 mg GAE/ g extract). The aqueous and methanolic extracts exhibited significant inhibition in DPPH-RSA with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 5.88±0.70 mg/mL and 3.00±0.31 mg/mL, respectively. However, in comparison with the ripened rhizome, TPC and DPPH-RSA of the young rhizome were lower. These results indicate that the young rhizome grown in Southern Thailand could be a source of antioxidant compounds, but the ripened rhizome provides better antioxidant properties than the young rhizome.
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Harker, K. Neil, and Jack Dekker. "Effects of Phenology on Translocation Patterns of Several Herbicides in Quackgrass,Agropyron repens." Weed Science 36, no. 4 (1988): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500075214.
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A growth room study was conducted to evaluate the effect that timing of application has on the distribution of several herbicides in quackgrass. Uniformly labeled14C-sucrose and the radiolabeled herbicides glyphosate, sethoxydim, the butyl ester of fluazifop, and the methyl ester of haloxyfop were applied to quackgrass (ranging from the three- to eight-leaf stage) propagated from six-bud rhizome segments. Five days after treatment the plants were harvested, lyophilized, and later sectioned, mapped, and oxidized in preparation for14C quantification. In most cases, slightly more14C was translocated to the shoots than to the rhizomes.14C translocation to the rhizomes was similar at all growth stages. The14C accumulating in the rhizomes exhibited a nonuniform distribution pattern with more14C in the distal areas of new rhizomes than in the other areas of the rhizome system. Plants treated with haloxyfop had a more uniform distribution of14C along their rhizomes than did those treated with fluazifop or sethoxydim.