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Klare, Michael T. "Beyond Harvey and Irma Militarizing Homeland Security in the Climate-Change Era." Revista de Estudos e Pesquisas Avançadas do Terceiro Setor 2, no. 2 (2019): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.31501/repats.v2i2.10400.
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Deployed to the Houston area to assist in Hurricane Harvey relief efforts, U.S. military forces hadn’t even completed their assignments when they were hurriedly dispatched to Florida, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands to face Irma, the fiercest hurricane ever recorded in the Atlantic Ocean. Florida Governor Rick Scott, who had sent members of the state National Guard to devastated Houston, anxiously recalled them while putting in place emergency measures for his own state. A small flotilla of naval vessels, originally sent to waters off Texas, was similarly redirected to the Caribbean, while specialized combat units drawn from as far afield as Colorado, Illinois, and Rhode Island were rushed to Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Meanwhile, members of the California National Guard were being mobilized to fight wildfires raging across that state (as across much of the West) during its hottest summer on record.
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Silbert, Kate. "Needle, Pen, and the Social Geography of Taste in Early National Providence." New England Quarterly 92, no. 2 (2019): 179–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq_a_00733.
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This essay examines needlework samplers from Mary Balch's school and diaries produced by elite young women in Providence, Rhode Island in the late eighteenth century. Drawing on scholarship on material culture, social geography, and gender, it traces the physical mobility that characterized daily life, reading and writing practices, and social boundaries in the early republic.
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Duska, MaryKate, Jared M. Rhoads, Elizabeth C. Saunders, and Tracy Onega. "State naloxone co-prescribing laws show mixed effects on overdose mortality rates." Drug Science, Policy and Law 8 (January 2022): 205032452211125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503245221112575.
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Objective To examine the relative changes in opioid overdose mortality rates between states that have and have not adopted naloxone co-prescribing laws. Methods We performed a synthetic control analysis. National Vital Statistics data for the years 2012–2018 were analysed, and five states with naloxone co-prescribing laws were examined: Arizona, Florida, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Virginia. Opioid overdose-related deaths were identified through cause-of-death ICD-10 codes. Results Our pooled analysis for all opioid-related deaths showed no significant changes in opioid-related mortality rates in treated states, post naloxone co-prescribing law adoption (−0.05; 95% CI: −0.43, 0.33). Rates of other and unspecified narcotic-related mortality rates in Rhode Island were found to have decreased post-law adoption (−0.13; 95% CI: −0.25, −0.00). Conclusions These findings suggest that naloxone co-prescribing laws were not associated with changes to overall opioid overdose mortality rates, post-law adoption, during the study period. However, Rhode Island did see a decrease in other and unspecified narcotic-related mortality rates post-law adoption. This is perhaps due to the comprehensive nature of the state's law. As overall rates of naloxone co-prescribing remain low, interventions to enhance naloxone prescribing and distribution may be necessary for co-prescribing laws to impact opioid-related mortality rates.
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Zane, Sherry. "“I did It for The Uplift of Humanity and The Navy”: Same-Sex Acts and The Origins of The National Security State, 1919–1921." New England Quarterly 91, no. 2 (2018): 279–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq_a_00670.
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This essay explores U.S. national security interests on the World War I home-front from 1917-1921 in Newport, Rhode Island when Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin D. Roosevelt's covert operatives attempted to restrict same-sex acts through methods of entrapment. It argues that World War I provided government officials new opportunities to expand security concerns as it policed and punished gender and sexual non-conformity well before the Cold War.
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Dyer, Michael G. "Hazard and Risk in the New England Fishing Fleet." Marine Technology and SNAME News 37, no. 01 (2000): 30–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2000.37.1.30.
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The United States Coast Guard and the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center studied the 102 serious fishing vessel accidents (1993–1997) in Coast Guard District 1 (New England and Long Island, New York), U.S. national fleet accident data, and international fishing vessel safety programs for the purpose of establishing risk factors and formulating options for future action by the Coast Guard to enhance fleet safety. The 102 regional accidents involved total vessel losses and/or death(s), excluding strictly occupational cases. Each accident was studied in detail to determine causality among human and organizational, fishery and operational, and preventive safety factors. Causality in each case was assigned among the factors, summing to 1.0 and weighted according to the outcome of the accident, i.e., numbers of deaths and injuries. The results quantify (1) the aggregate "significance" of the causal factors; (2) the average weighted outcome of accidents by type (e.g., capsize, collision); and (3) the sensitivity of (1) and (2) to varied relative weightings of vessel losses and deaths.
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Cress, Rosemary D., Susan A. Sabatino, Xiao-Cheng Wu, et al. "Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients with Stage III Colon Cancer: Results from a CDC-NPCR patterns of care study." Clinical medicine. Oncology 3 (January 2009): CMO.S2316. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmo.s2316.
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Objective To evaluate adjuvant chemotherapy use for Stage III colon cancer. Methods This analysis included 973 patients with surgically treated stage III colon cancer. Socioeconomic information from the 2000 census was linked to patients’ residential census tracts. Vital status through 12/31/02 was obtained from medical records and linkage to state vital statistics files and the National Death Index. Results Adjuvant chemotherapy was received by 67%. Treatment varied by state of residence, with Colorado, Rhode Island and New York residents more likely to receive chemotherapy than Louisiana residents. Older age, increasing comorbidities, divorced/widowed marital status, and residence in lower education areas or non-working class neighborhoods were associated with lower chemotherapy use. Survival varied by state but after adjustment for sex, sociodemographic and health factors, was significantly higher only for California and Rhode Island. Older age and lower educational attainment were associated with lower survival. Chemotherapy was protective for all comorbidity groups. Conclusion Although adjuvant chemotherapy for Stage III colon cancer improves survival, some patients did not receive standard of care, demonstrating the need for cancer treatment surveillance. Interstate differences likely resulted from differences in local practice patterns, acceptance of treatment, and access.
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Pennell, Michael. "More than Food Porn: Twitter, Transparency, and Food Systems." Gastronomica 16, no. 4 (2016): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2016.16.4.33.
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This article explores the ways in which social media, specifically Twitter, can provide transparency to local and national food systems. Those interested in and invested in food systems should focus more attention on the mundane, but easily dismissed, photos and tweets that populate Twitter, Instagram, and other social media feeds, especially those from chefs, mobile food vendors, and fishermen and women. As evidence, the article includes excerpts from interviews with and observations of chefs, food cart operators, and fishermen and women operating in the state of Rhode Island.
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Waldrop, Anne R., Jennifer L. Moss, Benmei Liu, and Li Zhu. "Ranking States on Coverage of Cancer-Preventing Vaccines Among Adolescents: The Influence of Imprecision." Public Health Reports 132, no. 6 (2017): 627–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354917727274.
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Objectives: Identifying the best and worst states for coverage of cancer-preventing vaccines (hepatitis B [HepB] and human papillomavirus [HPV]) may guide public health officials in developing programs, such as promotion campaigns. However, acknowledging the imprecision of coverage and ranks is important for avoiding overinterpretation. The objective of this study was to examine states’ vaccination coverage and ranks, as well as the imprecision of these estimates, to inform public health decision making. Methods: We used data on coverage of HepB and HPV vaccines among adolescents aged 13-17 from the 2011-2015 National Immunization Survey-Teen (n = 103 729 from 50 US states and Washington, DC). We calculated coverage, 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and ranks for vaccination coverage in each state, and we generated simultaneous 95% CIs for ranks using a Monte Carlo method with 100 000 simulations. Results: Across years, HepB vaccination coverage was 92.2% (95% CI, 91.8%-92.5%; states’ range, 84.3% in West Virginia to 97.0% in Connecticut). HPV vaccination coverage was 57.4% (95% CI, 56.6%-58.2%; range, 41.8% in Kansas to 78.0% in Rhode Island) for girls and 31.0% (95% CI, 30.3%-31.8%; range, 19.0% in Utah to 59.3% in Rhode Island) for boys. States with the highest and lowest ranks generally had narrow 95% CIs; for example, Rhode Island was ranked first (95% CI, 1-1) and Kansas was ranked 51st (95% CI, 49-51) for girls’ HPV vaccination. However, states with intermediate ranks had wider and more imprecise 95% CIs; for example, New York was 26th for girls’ HPV vaccination coverage, but its 95% CI included ranks 18-35. Conclusions: States’ ranks of coverage of cancer-preventing vaccines were imprecise, especially for states in the middle of the range; thus, performance rankings presented without measures of imprecision could be overinterpreted. However, ranks can highlight high-performing and low-performing states to target for further research and vaccination promotion programming.
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Verkade, Stephen D., and Robert H. Miller. "ADMINISTRATION AS A SABBATICAL EXPERIENCE FOR FACULTY." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 672b—672. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.672b.
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There is a need for Universities to encourage the continuing development of administrative skills among faculty in order to meet the challenges of the future. National and university initiatives have been developed to recognize this need. This sabbatic leave was developed to provide a significant, active, and meaningful administrative experience in the Office of the Dean at the University of Rhode Island. This paper presents information on the structure, activities and involvement; and benefits to the participating faculty member, administrator, and institutions. The case study presented was both worthwhile and enriching for the participants, and strengthening for the sponsoring institutions.
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Humphrey, Thomas F. "Transportation Skills Needed by Private-Sector and Public-Sector Organizations." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1924, no. 1 (2005): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192400106.
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The University of Rhode Island requested an assessment of the potential demand for developing new academic programs in the areas of transportation and logistics. Although the research focused on Rhode Island public- and private-sector organizations, it was concluded that the results have broader applications for the academic community. The research was accomplished by interviewing a total of 24 key executives in four large private companies and five large public-sector organizations. The questions focused on “skills required to do your job.” The interviews resulted in the following conclusions: ( a) a distinct difference must be made between education needs, training needs, and outreach needs; ( b) concerning public agency needs, responses tracked closely to the several national studies that have taken place over the past several years; ( c) private-sector organizations view logistics and supply chain management as critical to their bottom line; ( d) there appears to be a common interest among interviewees for universities to establish more outreach programs; ( e) private-sector companies all expressed possible interest in targeted logistics and supply chain management programs (certificate programs or individual courses could be of interest, either as traditional classroom or Internet-based); ( f) definite interest existed among public agencies to establish courses and distance-learning–based certificate programs in “transportation policy and management” (the author's label); and ( g) there were a surprising number of common needs.
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Caron, Simone M. "“Endeavoring to Carry On Their Work”: The National Debate Over Midwives and Its Impact in Rhode Island, 1890–1940." Nursing History Review 25, no. 1 (2017): 26–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1062-8061.25.1.26.
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AbstractThis article analyzes the national discourse over “the problem” of midwifery in medical literature and examines the impact of this dialogue on Rhode Island from 1890 to 1940. Doctors did not speak as a monolithic bloc on this “problem”: some blamed midwives while others impugned poorly trained physicians. This debate led to curricula reform and to state laws to regulate midwifery. The attempt to eliminate midwives in the 1910s failed because of a shortage of trained obstetricians, and because of cultural barriers between immigrant and mainstream communities. A decrease in immigration, an increase in trained obstetricians, the growing notion of midwives as relics of an outdated past, and the emergence of insurance plans to cover “modern” hospital births led to a decline in midwifery.
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Moore, Amy, Maya Vadiveloo, Karen McCurdy, and Alison Tovar. "Availability and Pricing of Infant Snack Foods in Low-Income Communities Across Rhode Island." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa051_019.
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Abstract Objectives Marketing for infant snack foods has increased in the past 20 years, yet little is known about the availability and pricing of these foods. This study assessed the availability and pricing of infant snack foods in grocery stores in low-income communities across Rhode Island. Methods A random sample of grocery stores (N = 20) was selected from low-income census tracts. Twelve items were developed for this study to assess the availability and pricing of infant foods (e.g., infant formula, purees) and infant snack foods (e.g., puffs, melts). The Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores (NEMS-S) was used to assess the nutrition environment including the availability, pricing, and quality of healthful foods compared to less healthful foods. Total NEMS-S scores range from -9 to 54 with higher scores indicating more healthful foods. Data were collected by trained research assistants during a 2-week period to limit confounding due to restocking and seasonality. This analysis included descriptive statistics to summarize the infant snack foods and the total nutrition environment. Results All 20 grocery stores in this sample sold infant foods and 18 stores sold infant snack foods. Availability of infant snack foods varied by store with puffs having the highest availability (n = 18) followed by melts (n = 15), teething cookies (n = 10), and baby yogurt (n = 7). Baby yogurt had the highest average price per serving ($0.72) followed by melts ($0.62), teething cookies ($0.50), and puffs ($0.49). Mean total NEMS-S score for all grocery stores was 27.5 (SD = 4.7). Conclusions Infant snack foods are available in grocery stores in low-income communities. Recent increases in marketing and availability of infant snack foods make it important to explore factors that influence caregivers to offer these snacks. Future studies should explore these factors and develop evidence-based recommendations for developmentally appropriate, healthful snacking during infancy. Funding Sources This work was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, [Hatch/Tovar/1,001,894].
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Goedel, William C., Brandon D. L. Marshall, Elizabeth A. Samuels, et al. "Randomised clinical trial of an emergency department-based peer recovery support intervention to increase treatment uptake and reduce recurrent overdose among individuals at high risk for opioid overdose: study protocol for the navigator trial." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (2019): e032052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032052.
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IntroductionEffective approaches to increase engagement in treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) and reduce the risk of recurrent overdose and death following emergency department (ED) presentation for opioid overdose remain unknown. As such, we aim to compare the effectiveness of behavioural interventions delivered in the ED by certified peer recovery support specialists relative to those delivered by licensed clinical social workers (LCSWs) in promoting OUD treatment uptake and reducing recurrent ED visits for opioid overdose.Methods and analysisAdult ED patients who are at high risk for opioid overdose (ie, are being treated for an opioid overdose or identified by the treating physician as having OUD) (n=650) will be recruited from two EDs in a single healthcare system in Providence, Rhode Island into a two-arm randomised trial with 18 months of follow-up postrandomisation. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) in the ED to receive a behavioural intervention from a certified peer recovery support specialist or a behavioural intervention from an LCSW. The primary outcomes are engagement in formal OUD treatment within 30 days of the initial ED visit and recurrent ED visits for opioid overdose within 18 months of the initial ED visit, as measured through statewide administrative records.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by the Rhode Island Hospital institutional review board (Approval Number: 212418). Data will be presented at national and international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT03684681.
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Caron, Simone M. "“Endeavoring to Carry On Their Work”: The National Debate Over Midwives and Its Impact in Rhode Island, 1890–1940." Nursing History Review 25, no. 1 (2017): 26–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1062-8061.25.26.
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Pålsson, Jonas, Lawrence Hildebrand, and Olof Lindén. "Limitations of the Swedish coordination capacity for large oil spills." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (2017): 2017040. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.000040.
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The inadequacy of the Swedish national emergency management system has been highlighted during several large-scale national emergencies, including forest fires (Västmanland 2014) and storms (Gudrun 2005, Dagmar 2011, and Ivar 2013). The Swedish oil spill preparedness is part of the national emergency response system and was tested under real conditions during the 2003 Fu Shan Hai and 2011 Golden Trader oil spills. Fu Shan Hai spilled 1,200 tonnes of oil on the shorelines of southern Sweden and Golden Trader spilled 500 tonnes on the island of Tjörn. Lessons learned from these incidents and national exercises highlight problems with understanding and cooperation between the organisations responsible during the emergency phase. Complications in the decision-making process lead to confusing, conflicting, or delayed orders, impeding the effectiveness of the response. These difficulties were evident at local, regional, and national levels during the oil spill response. The Swedish oil spill preparedness system does not have a hierarchical structure. Network analysis and surveys of all coastal municipalities, County Administrative Boards and interviews with national oil spill experts were used to examine the characteristics of the oil spill network. This study shows that 80% of the involved organisations have explicit mandates for oil spill preparedness. An established management network exists, covering 83% of the maximum theoretical connections for contingency planning and 88% for response. The Swedish Coast Guard, Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management, Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, and Oil Spill Advisory Service are central organisations. The roles of the Swedish Coast Guard are clear to the respondents, but the roles of the Swedish Transport Agency, Environmental Protection Agency, and Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management are less clear. For planning, the municipalities, County Administrative Boards, Swedish Coast Guard, Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, and Oil Spill Equipment Depots are considered the most valuable. For response, the municipalities, Swedish Coast Guard, Oil Spill Equipment Depots, County Administrative Boards, Oil Spill Advisory Service, and Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency are considered the most valuable. The few connections between the counties and sometimes between neighbouring municipalities in the network, suggests a need to establish an Incident Management System for national cross-organisational emergencies, such as large oil spills. Most importantly, more cross-organisational exercises are needed to build capacity and the necessary inter-organisational relationships. The authors recommend the formation of an Incident Management System in Sweden in order to improve the management of large oil spills.
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Zhang, X. C., D. Chiou, J. Werner, D. Chheng, J. Baird, and M. J. Mello. "434EMF Health Care Experience Assessment of the Rhode Island Cambodian Community: A Sub-Study Comparison With Local and National Demographics." Annals of Emergency Medicine 70, no. 4 (2017): S169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.07.313.
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Fasbinder, Jennifer, Emily Monson, Darrel Montero, Jaime Sanders, and Annie C. Williams. "Same-Gender Marriage: Implications for Social Work Practitioners." Advances in Social Work 14, no. 2 (2013): 416–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/8805.
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Notably, in 2013, Maryland, Rhode Island, Delaware, and Minnesota became the 10th, 11th, 12th, and 13th states, respectively, to legalize same-gender marriage. Without legal recognition or social support from the larger society, the majority of same-gender partnerships in the U.S. are denied privileges and rights that are considered basic for heterosexual marriages. This manuscript draws from a national cross section of published survey data from 1996 to 2013 reporting Americans’ attitudes regarding same-gender marriage and civil unions. Social work practitioners have broad opportunity to apply their skills to the critical needs facing same-gender partners. After an overview of the legal status of same-gender marriages and their accompanying social and policy issues, recommendations are provided that include identification of specific needs for premarital counseling of same-gender partners and ensuring sensitivity to the myriad challenges they face.
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Gusti Yanti, Prima, Nini Ibrahim, and Fauzi Rahman. "NATIONALISM STUDY OF PRIMARY STUDENTS IN THE FRONTIER AREA OFSEBATIK ISLAND–NORTH KALIMANTAN." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 8, no. 1 (2020): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.8129.
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Purpose of the study: This research aimed to determine the nationalism level of primary education students in the frontier area.
 Methodology: This research method was quantitative. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaires with nationalism contents. The questionnaire consisted of points that had 12 questions and used a Likert scale.
 Main Findings: The results of this research implied that border students do not really understand the history of the nation's struggle. In fact, that history can increase patriotism. Border region students must always increase their nationalism because they are the next generation who will guard the land of the frontier area and maintain the honor of the nation.
 Applications of this study: This research was done in the Sebatik Tengah area which was directly adjacent to Malaysia.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: The findings showed the lowest of nationalism level of elementary students is to understand the history of the nation's struggle (16%), the spirit of showing national identity (65%), and the spirit of patriotism brings together children on the border area (74%).
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Yender, Ruth, Katharina Stanzel, and Anthony Lloyd. "IMPACTS AND RESPONSE CHALLENGES OF THE TANKER SOLAR 1OIL SPILL, GUIMARAS, PHILIPPINES: OBSERVATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL ADVISORS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (2008): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-77.
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ABSTRACT The tanker SOLAR 1 sank in the Guimaras Strait in the central Philippines on August 11, 2006, spilling a significant part of her 2,100 tonne cargo of IFO 217. The Philippine Coast Guard led the challenging response to this spill, which impacted sensitive tropical habitats, disrupted fisheries, and affected coastal communities. The spill oiled shorelines along the southern coasts of Guimaras Island and several smaller islands in the Guimaras Strait. This area is rich in mangroves, coral reefs, and seagrass beds, which makes it very important for fisheries and aquaculture. Extensive areas of mangroves were oiled, including stands in the Taklong Island National Marine Reserve. Oil also stranded along sand, pebble, and cobble beaches, often seeping into the substrate or becoming buried. The remoteness and rugged terrain of the affected area made shoreside access for cleanup difficult and oversight of cleanup operations complicated. Political demands and press attention frequently made it more difficult for response managers to direct response operations. Shoreline cleanup, organized under the auspices of the national oil company Petron, was conducted manually by hired local residents. The removal of heavy contamination was completed in most areas within three weeks but more detailed cleaning and clearing recovered oily waste continued for approximately three months. As recommended by mangrove experts, little cleanup was conducted in oiled mangroves. Monitoring a year after the spill indicates that impacted mangroves are recovering naturally and suffered only minor mortality. Perceptions that seafood might be contaminated affected fisheries far beyond the areas actually contaminated by oil. Misunderstanding of the health risks associated with the spilled oil led to prolonged evacuation of a number of villages and hardship for coastal subsistence communities. Several international oil spill experts provided guidance to Philippine responders. A U.S. advisory team, including representatives of the U.S. Coast Guard Pacific Strike Team and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration'S Emergency Response Division, spent three weeks on-scene in the spill area, working with Philippine responders and natural resource managers. Representatives of the International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation provided technical guidance and advice on-scene for several months. Based on the observations of external advisors, this paper summarizes the impacts and challenges responders confronted in cleaning up the SOLAR 1 oil spill.
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Csulak, Frank, Douglas Helton, Carol-Ann Manen, Norman Meade, and Marguerite Matera. "NORTH CAPE OIL SPILL NRDA PROCESS UNDER OPA 1990." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1997, no. 1 (1997): 851–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-851.
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ABSTRACT On January 19, 1996, the tank borge North Cape and the tug Scandia grounded on Moonstone Beach in southern Rhode Island, spilling 828,000 gallons of no. 2 heating oil into Block Island Sound. Just 2 weeks prior to the grounding, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) had published the final natural resource damage assessment (NRDA) rule for the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA). The North Cape oil spill became the first opportunity to implement the new NRDA rules. One of the key provisions of the NRDA rule is the requirement that trustees must invite the responsible parties (RP) to participate in a cooperative assessment of damages. If the trustees and the RP can agree to perform the initial phases of an assessment cooperatively, the chances of achieving a fair settlement and avoiding protracted litigation are expected to be enhanced. The cooperative approach should also reduce overall transaction costs, facilitate settlement, and result in a more rapid implementation of restoration projects. This paper presents an overview of the cooperative natural resource damage assessment process being undertaken by the trustees and the RPs following the North Cape oil spill and highlights some of the lessons learned in conducting a cooperative assessment.
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Taylor, Catherine, Christine Gadbois, Sandra L. Fournier, Phillip G. Clark, and Faith Helm. "COMMON PURPOSE: NETWORKING INITIATIVES TO FOSTER DEMENTIA-CAPABLE CARE FOR LIFELONG DISABILITIES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2755.
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Abstract As individuals with I/DD live longer, Alzheimer’s disease is on the rise, particularly in individuals with Down syndrome. Practitioners have recognized that the I/DD system does not possess the expertise to provide appropriate care for this population as it ages. A series of federally funded initiatives in Rhode Island – supported by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), the Administration for Community Living (ACL), and the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) -- have begun to equip health care and direct care professionals to meet the needs of individuals with I/DD and AD. Using a “connector” model, the GWEP at RIGEC has woven together these efforts, aligned program goals from disparate funders, built connections between the Aging Network and the disability system, and worked with the National Task Group on Intellectual Disabilities and Dementia Practices (NTG) to create sustainable resources for the health care and direct care workforces.
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Olson, Adam, Shivaram Rajgopal, and Ge Bai. "Comparison of resident COVID-19 mortality between unionized and nonunionized private nursing homes." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (2022): e0276301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276301.
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Using bargaining agreement data from the Federal Mediation Conciliation Services, we found that the median national resident COVID-19 mortality percentage (as of April 24, 2022) of unionized nursing homes and that of nonunionized ones were not statically different (10.2% vs. 10.7%; P = 0.32). The median nursing home resident COVID-19 mortality percentage varied from 0% in Hawaii to above 16% in Rhode Island (16.6%). Unionized nursing homes had a statistically significant lower median mortality percentage than nonunionized nursing homes (P < 0.1) in Missouri, and had a higher median mortality percentage than nonunionized nursing homes (P < 0.05) in Alabama and Tennessee. Higher average resident age, lower percentage of Medicare residents, small size, for-profit ownership, and chain organization affiliation were associated with higher resident COVID-19 mortality percentage. Overall, no evidence was found that nursing home resident COVID-19 mortality percentage differed between unionized nursing homes and nonunionized nursing homes in the U.S.
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Leedahl, Skye, Kristin Fratoni Souza, and Alexandra Morelli. "BEYOND THE CLASSROOM: A STUDENT INTERNSHIP MODEL THAT BUILDS AGE FRIENDLINESS AND CAREER READINESS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.449.
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Abstract For seven years, the University of Rhode Island (URI) Engaging Generations Cyber-Seniors Program has utilized university student mentors through an internship format and integration within service learning courses. In 2019, community interest in the program significantly increased as did student interest in gerontology internships. This led us to develop a robust internship program focused on building age and digital inclusivity across campus and the state of RI. The program integrates a three-pronged approach where students complete field hours within the URI Cyber-Seniors program, focus on enhancing the Career Readiness Competencies employers seek in graduates today as determined by the National Association of Colleges & Employers, and complete the components necessary to earn the Geriatric Education Center Interprofessional Teamwork in Geriatrics and Gerontology Certificate. This process has enabled 350 students from different majors, including Pharmacy and Human Development & Family Science, to complete internship experiences ranging from 30 to 210 hours.
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McCreery, Scott L. "Innovative International Protection Efforts in Washington and British Columbia Waters." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, no. 1 (1999): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-395.
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ABSTRACT In recognition of the value of the marine resources throughout Puget Sound, the Strait of Juan de Fuca and its approaches along the Washington coast and the outer coast of British Columbia, several recent international collaborations have been undertaken which provide important information regarding vessel tracking through these sensitive areas. The first endeavor, undertaken by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary (OCNMS), involves the utilization of a desktop Geographic Information System (GIS) to analyze and display vessel track data collected by the Canadian Coast Guard from their radar-based Cooperative Vessel Traffic Management System (CVTMS) located at Tofino on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. The OCNMS system has allowed Sanctuary managers to verify compliance by mariners with guidance regarding the Area To Be Avoided (ATBA) within and proximal to the OCNMS. A second undertaking, enacted by an international coalition of marine shipping industry interests, involves the near real-time tracking of tugboat assets within the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Puget Sound, and the Strait of Georgia. The International Tug of Opportunity System (ITOS) involves the use of a Differential Geographic Positioning System (DGPS) and radio modem-based Automated Information System (AIS) whereby the positions of participating tugboats are tracked in near real-time, displayed on an Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS), and integrated with a database containing critical information about tugboat capabilities. ITOS watchstanders can identify the nearest available participating resources to any vessel requiring assistance and provide the U.S. or Canadian Coast Guard or the vessel master with time-critical emergency contact information.
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Codiga, Daniel L. "A Marine Autonomous Surface Craft for Long-Duration, Spatially Explicit, Multidisciplinary Water Column Sampling in Coastal and Estuarine Systems." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 32, no. 3 (2015): 627–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-14-00171.1.
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AbstractThe Surveying Coastal Ocean Autonomous Profiler (SCOAP) is a large catamaran marine autonomous surface craft (MASC) for unattended weeks-long, spatially explicit, multidisciplinary oceanographic water column profile sampling in coastal/estuarine waterbodies. Material transport rates/pathways, crucial to understanding these ecosystems, are typically poorly known. SCOAP addresses demanding spatiotemporal sampling needs and operational challenges (strong currents, open coastal sea states, complex bathymetry, heavy vessel traffic). Its large size (11-m length, 5-m beam) provides seaworthiness/stability. The average speed of 2.5 m s−1 meets the representative goal to traverse an 18-km transect, sampling 10 min at each of 10 stations 2 km apart, nominally 4 times daily. Efficient hulls and a diesel–electric energy system can provide the needed endurance. The U.S. Coast Guard guidelines are followed: lighting, code flags, the Automatic Identification System (AIS), and collision avoidance regulations (COLREGs)-based collision avoidance (CA) by onboard autonomy software. Large energy reserves obviate low-power optimization of sensors, enabling truly multidisciplinary sampling, and provide on-demand propulsion for effective CA. Vessel stability facilitates high-quality current profile observations and will aid engineering/operation of the planned winched profiling system, performance of an anticipated radar system to detect/track non-AIS vessels, and potential research-quality meteorological sensor operation. A Narragansett Bay test deployment, attended by an escort vessel, met design goals; an unattended open coastal deployment is planned for Rhode Island Sound. Scientific and operational strengths of large catamaran MASCs suggest they could be an important cost-effective complement to other sampling platforms (e.g., improved spatiotemporal coverage and resolution, extending farther inshore, with a broader range of sensors, compared to underwater gliders) in coastal/estuarine waters.
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Orunmuyi, M., I. A. Adeyinka, and O. O. Oni. "Genetic parameter estimates (full sib and half sib analysis) of fertility and hatchability in two strains of Rhode Island chickens." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 38, no. 1 (2021): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v38i1.706.
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A study was conducted to estimate the genetic parameters of fertility and hatchability in two strains of Rhode Island Red (RIR) Chickens denoted as Strain A and Strain B respectively using the full-sib (sire +dam variance) and maternal half-sib (dam variance) components. The birds were obtained from the selected populations of RIR Chickens kept at the poultry breeding programme of National Animal Production Research Institute, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria. Settable eggs were collected from mating 28 cocks to 252 hens in a ratio of 1cock:9 hens from each strain. Eggs were pedigreed according to sire and dam. Results showed that values obtained for number of egg set (EGGSET), number of fertile eggs (NFERT), number of hatched chicks (NHATCH), percentage of chicks hatched from total eggs set (PHATCH) and percentage of chicks hatched from fertile eggs (PHATCHBL) were all higher in strain A than strain B. Heritability estimates obtained from the full-sib and maternal half-sib analysis ranged from medium to high for the two strains (0.24-0.96). The maternal half sib estimates were higher (0.40-0.96) than the estimates obtained from full sibs (0.24- 0.48). Genetic and phenotypic correlations obtained for both strains were positive and similar regardless of method of estimation. Genetic correlations between EGGSET and PFERT were low in strain A using both full-sib and maternal half-sib analyses (0.09-0.14). Phenotypic correlations between EGGSET and PFERT, PHATCH and PHATCHBL were also low in both strains and regardless of method of analyses. Moderate to high heritability estimates suggest that genetic improvement can be obtained by selection of these reproductive traits. The full-sib analysis for estimating heritability will be preferred since it is assumed that only additive genetic variance contributes to the covariance between family members.
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Scowcroft, Gail A., Dwight F. Coleman, Jeff Hayward, and Cia Romano. "Exploring Inner Space: Engaging the Public With Ocean Scientists." Marine Technology Society Journal 49, no. 4 (2015): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.49.4.7.
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AbstractA prototype telepresence communications system was designed, piloted, and tested for use in informal science education institutions to provide public, student, and educator interactions with scientists aboard ships and in the University of Rhode Island Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) Inner Space Center (ISC). In addition to providing opportunities for the engagement of scientists with diverse audiences, a goal of this initiative was to promote an appreciation and understanding of the ocean, while exposing aquarium visitors to advanced telepresence communication technologies. The project partnership was comprised of a leading ocean science research and education institution (the GSO); two national ocean science education networks—the National Centers for Ocean Sciences Education Excellence Network and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Office of Exploration and Research Education Alliance; and two partner aquariums—Mystic Aquarium and South Carolina Aquarium. The main outcomes of the project were as follows: (1) a partnership of ocean science research and informal science education professionals that linked ocean scientists and informal science institution staff and visitors; (2) a state-of-the-art hardware and software system for partner aquariums capable of delivering live and prerecorded ocean exploration experiences to visitors; (3) professional development for informal science educators focused on educating the public and improving ocean literacy; (4) a useful and effective digital media interface and software for communicating and interacting with the ocean science content; and (5) an understanding of how live and prerecorded ocean exploration experiences affect aquarium visitor ocean literacy.
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Bender, Morris A., Timothy Marchok, Robert E. Tuleya, Isaac Ginis, Vijay Tallapragada, and Stephen J. Lord. "Hurricane Model Development at GFDL: A Collaborative Success Story from a Historical Perspective." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 100, no. 9 (2019): 1725–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-18-0197.1.
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AbstractThe hurricane project at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) was established in 1970. By the mid-1970s pioneering research had led to the development of a new hurricane model. As the reputation of the model grew, GFDL was approached in 1986 by the director of the National Meteorological Center about establishing a collaboration between the two federal organizations to transition the model into an operational modeling system. After a multiyear effort by GFDL scientists to develop a system that could support rigorous requirements of operations, and multiyear testing had demonstrated its superior performance compared to existing guidance products, operational implementation was made in 1995. Through collaboration between GFDL and the U.S. Navy, the model was also made operational at Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center in 1996. GFDL scientists continued to support and improve the model during the next two decades by collaborating with other scientists at GFDL, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Environmental Modeling Center (EMC),1 the National Hurricane Center, the U.S. Navy, the University of Rhode Island (URI), Old Dominion University, and the NOAA Hurricane Research Division. Scientists at GFDL, URI, and EMC collaborated to transfer key components of the GFDL model to the NWS new Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting Model (HWRF) that became operational in 2007. The purpose of the article is to highlight the critical role of these collaborations. It is hoped that the experiences of the authors will serve as an example of how such collaboration can benefit the nation with improved weather guidance products.
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Orth, John V. "D. Kurt Graham . To Bring Law Home: The Federal Judiciary in Early National Rhode Island . DeKalb : Northern Illinois University Press . 2010 . Pp. xi, 186. $32.00." American Historical Review 115, no. 5 (2010): 1473–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.115.5.1473.
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Gais, Thomas L., and Michael K. Gusmano. "Putting The Pieces Together Again: American States and the End of the ACA's Shared Responsibility Payment." Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 45, no. 3 (2020): 439–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-8161048.
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Abstract The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) eliminated the ACA's “shared responsibility payment,” which penalized those who failed to comply with the requirement to purchase health insurance. In this article the authors explain efforts in several states to respond to this change by adopting individual health insurance mandates at the state level. Although there are good reasons to think that states may be reluctant to consider establishing their own mandates, New Jersey, the District of Columbia, and Vermont quickly joined Massachusetts in establishing such measures in 2018. In 2019 California and Rhode Island enacted state-level mandates. Four other states—Maryland, Connecticut, Hawaii, and Washington—formally considered mandates but have not enacted them. The authors compare the policy debates among these states and one other state, New York, which has not seen a legislative proposal for a mandate despite its strong support for the ACA. Their analysis explores the dynamics within the US federal system when a key component of a complex and politically salient national initiative is eliminated and states are left with many policy, political, and administrative questions of what to do next.
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Dusek, Gregory, Christopher DiVeglio, Louis Licate, et al. "A Meteotsunami Climatology along the U.S. East Coast." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 100, no. 7 (2019): 1329–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-18-0206.1.
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AbstractMeteotsunamis are atmospherically forced ocean waves with characteristics similar to seismic tsunamis. Several recent hazardous meteotsunamis resulted in damage and injuries along U.S. coastlines, such that the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is investigating ways to detect and forecast meteotsunamis to provide advance warning. Better understanding meteotsunami occurrence along U.S. coastlines is a necessary step to pursue these objectives. Here a meteotsunami climatology of the U.S. East Coast is presented. The climatology relies on a wavelet analysis of 6-min water-level observations from 125 NOAA tide gauges from 1996 to 2017. A total of 548 meteotsunamis, or about per year, were identified and assessed using this approach along the U.S. East Coast. There were a total of 30 instances when gauges observed waves of more than 0.6 m, which is assumed to be a potentially impactful event, and several cases with wave heights more than 1 m. Tide gauges along the open coast observed the most frequent events, including more than five events per year at Atlantic City, New Jersey; Duck, North Carolina; and Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. The largest waves were observed by gauges in estuaries that amplified the meteotsunami signal, such as those in Providence, Rhode Island, and Port Canaveral, Florida. Seasonal trends indicate that meteotsunamis occur most frequently in the winter and summer months, especially July. This work supports future meteotsunami detection and warning capabilities at NOAA, including the development of an impact catalog to aid National Weather Service forecasters.
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Mantripragada, Kalyan C., Adam J. Olszewski, Andrew Schumacher, et al. "Clinical Trial Accrual Targeting Genomic Alterations After Next-Generation Sequencing at a Non-National Cancer Institute–Designated Cancer Program." Journal of Oncology Practice 12, no. 4 (2016): e396-e404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.2015.008433.
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Purpose: Successful clinical trial accrual targeting uncommon genomic alterations will require broad national participation from both National Cancer Institute (NCI)–designated comprehensive cancer centers and community cancer programs. This report describes the initial experience with clinical trial accrual after next-generation sequencing (NGS) from three affiliated non–NCI-designated cancer programs. Materials and Methods: Clinical trial participation was reviewed after enrollment of the first 200 patients undergoing comprehensive genomic profiling by NGS as part of an institutional intuitional review board–approved protocol at three affiliated hospitals in Rhode Island and was compared with published experience from NCI-designated cancer centers. Results: Patient characteristics included a median age of 64 years, a median of two lines of prior therapy, and a predominance of GI carcinomas (58%). One hundred sixty-four of 200 patients (82%) had adequate tumor for NGS, 95% had genomic alterations identified, and 100% had variants of unknown significance. Fifteen of 164 patients (9.2%) enrolled in genotype-directed clinical trials, and three patients (1.8%) received commercially available targeted agents off clinical trials. The reasons for nonreceipt of NGS-directed therapy were no locally available matching trial (48.6%), ineligibility (33.6%) because of comorbidities or interim clinical deterioration, physician's choice of a different therapy (6.8%), or stable disease (11%). Conclusion: This experience demonstrates that a program enrolling patients in specific targeted agent clinical trials after NGS can be implemented successfully outside of the NCI-designated cancer program network, with comparable accrual rates. This is important because targetable genes have rare mutation rates and clinical trial accrual after NGS is low.
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Cieślik, E., I. Cieślik, J. M. Molina-Ruiz, I. Walkowska, and W. Migdal. "The content of fat and fatty acids composition in chicken liver." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 4 (2011): 1855–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1104855c.
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Liver is recognized as a valuable source of nutrients in human nutrition but there are a few reports of the lipid profile of chicken liver. The aim of work was to determine fat content as well as fatty acids composition of raw chicken liver. The study was carried out on three chicken breeds (New Hampshire, Plymouth Rock, Rhode Island) obtained from National Research Institute of Animal Production in Balice. Total fat was determined by Soxhlet method and the fatty acids profile was performed with gas chromatography method on a Varian 3400. Fat content of chicken liver ranged from 2.65 to 10.07 g/100g depended on the breed. The predominant saturated acid (SFA) in all samples was palmitate (C16:0), followed by stearate (C18:0). Oleate (C18:1) was the major monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) in all samples, followed by palmitooleate (16:1). n-3 fatty acids in chicken liver were comparatively lower than SFA and MUFA. The predominant polyunsaturated acid (PUFA) was linoleate (C18:2). Arachidonate (C20:4) was the second most important n-6 fatty acid. Fatty acid content also varied between breeds of chicken. It has been demonstrated that conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) is found in chicken liver.
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Ducady, Geralyn, Mariani Lefas-Tetenes, Sarah Sharpe, and Miriam A. W. Rothenberg. "Archaeology and the Common Core." Advances in Archaeological Practice 4, no. 4 (2016): 517–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/2326-3768.4.4.517.
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AbstractMuseum educators and graduate students at Brown University’s Haffenreffer Museum of Anthropology and the Joukowsky Institute for Archaeology and the Ancient World, along with the RISD Museum at the Rhode Island School of Design, are entering their eighth year of partnering with sixth-grade social studies teachers in Providence Public Schools in a five-session classroom and museumbased archaeology program called Think Like an Archaeologist. This experiential program uses the study of archaeological methods to address state and national social studies standards and bridges social studies content with the literacy standards of Common Core State Standards (CCSS) that aim at moving students toward twenty-first-century skill building. Students not only understand the science behind the content in their textbooks but also learn how to use museum objects and archaeological artifacts as primary resources. Students also learn to “read” artifacts, express their ideas in spoken and written language as historians, and use academic vocabulary as required by CCSS while thinking like archaeologists. Through teacher feedback and student evaluations, we know this program to be a successful example of the benefits of teaching archaeological skills in middle school curricula—so much so that it has now been re-created at additional schools in other regions.
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Falkovich, Aleksandr, Isaac Ginis, and Stephen Lord. "Ocean Data Assimilation and Initialization Procedure for the Coupled GFDL/URI Hurricane Prediction System." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 22, no. 12 (2005): 1918–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech1810.1.
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Abstract A new ocean data assimilation and initialization procedure is presented. It was developed to obtain more realistic initial ocean conditions, including the position and structure of the Gulf Stream (GS) and Loop Current (LC), in the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory/University of Rhode Island (GFDL/URI) coupled hurricane prediction system used operationally at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. This procedure is based on a feature-modeling approach that allows a realistic simulation of the cross-frontal temperature, salinity, and velocity of oceanic fronts. While previous feature models used analytical formulas to represent frontal structures, the new procedure uses the innovative method of cross-frontal “sharpening” of the background temperature and salinity fields. The sharpening is guided by observed cross sections obtained in specialized field experiments in the GS. The ocean currents are spun up by integrating the ocean model for 2 days, which was sufficient for the velocity fields to adjust to the strong gradients of temperature and salinity in the main thermocline in the GS and LC. A new feature-modeling approach was also developed for the initialization of a multicurrent system in the Caribbean Sea, which provides the LC source. The initialization procedure is demonstrated for coupled model forecasts of Hurricane Isidore (2002).
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Murday, Maylo, and Erich R. Gundlach. "OIL SPILL CONTINGENCY PLANNING IN MAURITIUS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1989, no. 1 (1989): 193–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1989-1-193.
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ABSTRACT The Government of Mauritius, the International Maritime Organization, and the United Nations Environment Programme sponsored a joint project in 1987 and 1988 to establish an oil spill contingency plan for the island of Mauritius. Two main objectives were achieved: the formulation of a National Oil Spill Contingency Plan (NOSCP) for consideration by the government and the creation of a Coastal Sensitivity Atlas detailing the sensitive resources of Mauritius and the strategies to protect them. The project was in support of the Convention for the Protection, Management and Development of the Marine and Coastal Environment of the Eastern African Region and its protocol on emergency cooperation. The organizational structure of the proposed NOSCP evolved during workshops with Mauritius authorities and was expressly developed to utilize the capabilities of existing emergency response units such as the National Coast Guard, the port authority, and the fire services. The NOSCP document also recommends supporting legislation and ratification of relevant regional and international conventions, and proposes techniques for oil spill response and the disposal of oily wastes. The Coastal Sensitivity Atlas is a separate document containing 19 maps on a scale of 1:30,000, which cover the coastline of Mauritius and neighboring islets. The atlas is color-coded to indicate the priority areas for containment and cleanup. Living and socioeconomic resources are indicated by symbols and suitable response actions are specified.
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Potter, Kristen, Bridgette Brown, and Cornell Rosiu. "M/V JOHN B. CADDELL." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (2014): 299005. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2014-1-299005.1.
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Hurricane Sandy hit the East Coast of the United States on October 29th, 2012, caused over $63 billion in damage, destroyed thousands of homes, left over 8 million people without electrical service, and killed at least 131 people in eight states. Amongst the damage was the unique case of the grounded Tank Vessel, JOHN B. CADDELL on New York's Staten Island. The CADDELL posed a distinctive challenge to pollution mitigation and eventual vessel removal efforts, being stateless/ownerless, and commanded high profile media/public attention. Responders used a variety of creative methods to ensure the surrounding environment was not further affected by the grounded vessel, including the authorized use of solidifying agents. This poster describes the procedures used to determine vessel disposition and explores the innovative use of solidifiers in this particular case. Determining final disposition of the vessel involved an extensive process of multi-agency cooperation and coordination. Leveraging the existing authorities of the New York's Sheriff's Department to dispose of abandoned vessels, the Coast Guard was able to work with local, state and federal partners to implement a removal plan. Additionally, National Strike Force and Coast Guard Sector New York personnel utilized the cutting edge technology of solidifying polymer agents to effectively reduce the amount of contaminants onboard the vessel. As per the Area Contingency Plan, the Regional Response Team-Region 2 (RRT-2) was activated, and was used to brief Federal and State member agencies on the planned protective use of a solidifier by the Federal On-Scene Coordinator during cleanup efforts. RRT-2 was provided a current situational brief, objectives, and a proposed application plan. RRT-2 concurred with the utilization plan, and contributed some additional recommendations, which enhanced cleanup operations conducted under the ESF-10 Mission Assignment from New York State.
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Xiao, Suguang, Muhannad T. Suleiman, Clay J. Naito, and Sudhakar Neti. "Use of Geothermal Deep Foundations for Bridge Deicing." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2363, no. 1 (2013): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2363-07.
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Winter deicing practices reduce the longevity of bridge infrastructure and make it difficult to achieve the national goal of a bridge service life of 100 years or more, which was set by SHRP 2. The vast majority of these bridges are supported on deep foundations. The goal of this study was to evaluate the concept of employing geothermal deep foundations (energy piles) to heat the bridge slab and thereby minimize or eliminate the use of deicing salt. This concept had the advantage of using required foundation elements to function also as heat exchangers with the surrounding soil, which approximated a constant temperature below a depth of 1 to 3 m (depending on the region). This paper describes a two-dimensional (2-D) finite element model used to assess the power demands to heat a typical bridge slab. Initially, the 2-D model of a conventional bridge (not incorporating the geothermal system) was validated by using a case study for a bridge in Rhode Island for which the temperature of the bridge slab was monitored for about 1 year. Once validated, the model was extended to include the effects of geothermal deep foundations for weather conditions in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as an example. Analyses were conducted to simulate the performance of the geothermal system with and without preheating of the bridge slab before the snow or ice formation event.
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Poghosyan, Hermine, Erika L. Moen, Daniel Kim, Justin Manjourides, and Mary E. Cooley. "Social and Structural Determinants of Smoking Status and Quit Attempts Among Adults Living in 12 US States, 2015." American Journal of Health Promotion 33, no. 4 (2018): 498–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117118792827.
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Purpose: This study examined the relationships among intermediary determinants, structural determinants, and adult smoking status and quit attempts. Design: Secondary data analysis of cross-sectional data. Setting: Data come from the 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), Social Context module. A national, representative sample from 12 US states (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Rhode Island, Tennessee, and Utah). Participants: A total of 64 053 noninstitutionalized US adults aged ≥18 years. Measures: Smoking status and quit attempts were outcome variables. Individual-level structural determinants (age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, and employment status) and intermediary determinants (housing insecurity, food insecurity, health insurance, binge drinking, and general health mental health) from BRFSS. Analysis: Weighted multivariate, multinomial logistic regression. Results: Current smoking was greater among men, respondents aged between 35 to 64 and 55 to 64, adults who reported food insecurity, housing insecurity, frequent mental distress, binge drinking, and who were unemployed. Current smokers had higher odds of making quit attempts in the past 12 months if they were non-Hispanic Black, graduated college, and reported food and housing insecurity. Conclusion: Multifaceted smoking cessation interventions that address food and housing needs also incorporate screening for potential comorbidities such as mental distress and/or hazardous alcohol use and may be needed to enhance smoking cessation rates among racially diverse adults.
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Scott, Carven, Sam Albanese, and John Whitney. "PROVIDING TOTAL NOAA SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT TO THE USCG FOR REMOTE OIL SPILL LOCATIONS – THE M/V SELENDANG AYUINCIDENT IN ALASKA." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (2008): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-109.
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ABSTRACT The NOAA Emergency Response Division (ERD aka Hazmat) provides a complete set of scientific assistance and support to the U.S. Coast Guard in response to an offshore oil spill. Historically NOAA National Weather Service (NWS) has provided the operational weather support component for ERD in the form of forecasts and observations. The dearth of conventional weather data in remote locations provide unique challenges for providing weather support for Hazmat events in locations such as the Aleutian Island Chain of Alaska. Weather support for Hazmat events in Alaska are further complicated during the storm season from October through March due to the frequency and intensity of storms in Alaska combined with the vast distances to reach the scene. Such was the case when the M/V Selendang Ayu grounded on Unalaska Island in the Aleutian Islands, 800 miles southwest of Anchorage, within the AOR of NWS Weather Forecast Office Anchorage. Unalaska Island has a handful of permanent observational platforms, all in the vicinity of Dutch Harbor. However, the M/V Selendang Ayu was foundering on the west side of the island, in a different meteorological and oceanographic regime. WFO Anchorage developed a plan that included siting a land-based weather station near the wreck, a specialized processing of Synthetic Aperture Radar Satellite (SARSat) passes, and a Selendang Ayu event web portal populated with tailored products for the event within 24 hours. Given the significance of the event within a highly vulnerable ecosystem, one of the first actions that the ERD Alaska Scientific Support Coordinator initiated was to exercise an agreement with the NWS to bring their Incident Meteorologist on scene as part of the NOAA Scientific Support Team. The NWS response was immediate and effective. Within a week the first Incident Meteorologist (IM) was on scene providing regional and localized weather reviews and forecasts for the IC Post as well as weather briefings on request for helo pilots and boat skippers. On scene IM support continued for the next two months. Weather support through the spring and summer was provided via phone and web by the Anchorage Forecast Office.
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Basri, Hasan, and Suluh Mardika Alam. "DERADICALIZATION OF RELIGION IN SUMENEP DISTRICT." JURNAL SETIA PANCASILA 2, no. 2 (2022): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36379/jsp.v2i2.210.
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Deradicalization is the main strategy of the Indonesian government in countering terrorism in Indonesia. This effort is embedded in the main task of the National Counterterrorism Agency (BNPT). Throughout 2017, there were 172 suspects in terrorism cases. This number is higher than in the previous two years, namely 163 in 2016 and 73 in 2015. Sumenep is one of the districts on the eastern tip of the island of Madura where the majority of its citizens are Muslims. members of Jamaah Islamiyah (JI) (Kompas daily 11 November 2021. The arrest of the alleged terrorists certainly captured a lot of public attention, including the largest religious organizations in Sumenep district, namely NU and Muhammadiyah. The purpose of this study was to find out how the progress of 2 religious organizations was This research uses qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, with primary and secondary data sources and uses data collection procedures of observation, interviews and documentation.
 The results obtained from the research are that the Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah social organization movements with their ideological basis and da'wah methods have a significant role in tackling radicalism movements, so that society in general can be protected from these movements, as well as structural and cultural forces that intensively guard social life.
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Cieślik, E., I. Walkowska, J. M. Molina-Ruiz, I. Cieślik, and W. Migdal. "Comparison of content of selected minerals and cadmium in chicken and goose liver." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 4 (2011): 1857–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1104857c.
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The aim of the study was to compare the content of selected metals in raw chicken and goose liver. The study was carried out on three chicken breeds (New Hampshire, Plymouth Rock, Rhode Island) obtained from National Research Institute of Animal Production in Balice and Zatory Landrace goose breed obtained from Department of Poultry, Fur Animal Breeding and Animal Hygiene-Experimental Station in Rzaska. The analysis of Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and Cd were performed in 24 samples by atomic absorption spectrometry (using Varian AA240Z and AA240FS spectrometer) after microwave digestion (MARS Xpress, CEM). The concentrations of investigated minerals in chicken liver samples were found to be in the range of 63.09-146.47 mg/kg for iron, 3.46-5.34 mg/kg for copper, 2.99-4.99 mg/kg for manganese, 40.19 and 59.42 mg/kg for zinc and 0.03- 0.06 mg/kg for cadmium. The minerals content of goose liver was found to be much higher as compared to chicken liver. Minerals content in goose liver samples were to be in the range of 52.93-659.84 mg/kg for iron, 39.32-64.45 mg/kg for copper, 3.43-5.32 mg/kg for manganese, 50.87-67.20 mg/kg for zinc and 1.10-4.12 mg/kg for cadmium. The concentration of cadmium found in chicken liver in most instances is lower than the limits established by European Union legislation, in contrast to goose liver, where the concentration of cadmium highly exceeds the limits.
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Sherman, Kenneth. "Sustaining the world's large marine ecosystems." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 9 (2015): 2521–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv136.
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Abstract In this essay, I review nearly six decades of a career in marine science and fisheries considering scientific contributions, successes, failures, and changes in my field of practice. My body of work has been in plankton research to support fisheries assessments, and in ecosystems programme development and implementation. I describe my early studies on Pacific plankton oceanography in relation to fisheries assessment, and subsequent studies of plankton oceanography and fisheries in relation to coastal ocean fisheries and management. Early in my career, realizing that applications of my published results and those of other fisheries ecologists were generally not included in fish stock assessments, I participated in a national planning group that introduced a system for marine resources monitoring, assessment, and prediction (MARMAP) that included primary productivity, ichthyoplankton, zooplankton, and oceanographic assessments as important components for large-scale fisheries ecology assessment. I joined with European colleagues in ICES to advance fisheries ecology studies in fish stock assessments in the 1970s and 1980s. In 1983, I conceived with Professor Lewis Alexander of the University of Rhode Island a system for assessing and managing marine resources within the spatial domain of ecologically delineated large marine ecosystems (LMEs). On behalf of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and in partnership with developing countries, international financial organizations, UN agencies, and NGOs, I am currently contributing scientific and technical advice to a global network of assessment and management projects in 22 LMEs with 110 developing countries and $3.1 billion in financial support. The participating countries are applying a modular framework of natural science and social science indicators for assessing the changing states of LMEs. I conclude the essay with a retrospective viewpoint on my career and changes over half a century of practicing the application of marine science in relation to sustaining the goods and services of the ocean Commons.
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Hall, Charles R., Chuanxue Hong, Fred E. Gouker, and Margery Daughtrey. "Analyzing the Structural Shifts in U.S. Boxwood Production Due to Boxwood Blight." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 39, no. 3 (2021): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-39.3.91.
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Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine the changes in the sales of boxwood (Buxus spp.) that have occurred in boxwood production states. We theorize that some of the shifts in production areas over the period from 2009 to 2019 have been impacted by the introduction of boxwood blight into the United States. Boxwood blight (Calonectria pseudonaviculata) was first observed in the U.S. in 2011 by plant pathologists in 8 states: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Virginia. The disease has now been seen in 30 states plus the District of Columbia. The data used for this analysis is from the Census of Horticultural Specialties (CHS), a survey administered by the United States Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA-NASS) every five years. The findings from this analysis of the Census of Horticultural Specialties data from 2009 to 2019 indicate that there were already shifts occurring in boxwood markets prior to the introduction of boxwood blight. However, boxwood blight has exacerbated the supply chain challenges for green industry participants by limiting production in certain areas of the country, increasing the costs of producing boxwood compared to other evergreen shrubs, and perhaps dampening the demand from what might have been without the existence of the blight. Index words: economics, horticulture, nursery, landscaping, ornamental, woody plants, sales. Species used in this study: Boxwood (Buxus spp.), Boxwood Blight [Calonectria pseudonaviculata (Crous, J.Z. Groenew. & C.F. Hill) L. Lombard, M. J. Wingf. & Crous].
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GILMAN, S. E., I. KAWACHI, G. M. FITZMAURICE, and S. L. BUKA. "Socio-economic status, family disruption and residential stability in childhood: relation to onset, recurrence and remission of major depression." Psychological Medicine 33, no. 8 (2003): 1341–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291703008377.
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Background. Childhood adversity significantly increases the risk of depression, but it is unclear whether this risk is most pronounced for depression occurring early in life. In the present study, we examine whether three aspects of childhood adversity – low socio-economic status (SES), family disruption, and residential instability – are related to increased risk of depression during specific stages of the life course. We also examine whether these aspects of childhood adversity are related to the severity of depression.Method. A sample of 1089 of the 4140 births enrolled in the Providence, Rhode Island cohort of the National Collaborative Perinatal Project was interviewed between the ages of 18 and 39. Measures of parental SES, childhood family disruption and residential instability were obtained upon mother's enrolment and at age 7. Age at onset of major depressive episode, lifetime number of depressive episodes, and age at last episode were ascertained via structured diagnostic interviews. Survival analysis was used to identify risk factors for depression onset and remission and Poisson regression was used to model the recurrence rate of depressive episodes.Results. Low parental SES, family disruption and a high level of residential instability, defined as three or more family moves, were related to elevated lifetime risks of depression; the effects of family disruption and residential instability were most pronounced on depression onset by age 14. Childhood adversity was also related to increased risk of recurrence and reduced likelihood of remission.Conclusions. Childhood social disadvantage significantly influences risk of depression onset both in childhood and in adulthood. Early childhood adversity is also related to poor prognosis.
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Perez-Ramos, Jose G., Hector T. Zayas, Nancy R. Cardona Cordero, et al. "2231 Research partnership, community commitment, and the people-to-people for Puerto Rico (#p2p4PUR) Movement: Researchers and citizens in solidarity." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 2, S1 (2018): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2018.262.
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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Island communities face greater environmental risks creating challenges in their populations. A community and participatory qualitative research method aiming to understand community perspectives regarding the ecology and environmental risks of the island of Culebra was performed to develop a community-centered Information and Communications Technology (ICT) intervention (an app). The island of Culebra, a municipality from the archipelago of Puerto Rico is located 17 miles from the eastern coast of Puerto Rico’s main island. This ICT—termed mZAP (Zonas, Acción & Protección)—is part of a Translational Biomedical doctoral degree dissertation housed at the University of Rochester’s Clinical Translational Science Institute (CTSI) Informatics Core funded by an NIH Clinical Translational Science Award (CTSA). In September 2017, the island of Culebra faced 2 major category hurricanes 2 weeks apart. Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria devastated homes, schools, health clinics, and local businesses, disrupting an already-fragile ecological balance on the island. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: These 2 storms catastrophically affected the archipelago of Puerto Rico. Culebra’s geographically isolated location, along with the inefficient response from authorities, exacerbated the stressors caused by these natural disasters, increasing the gap of social determinants of health, including the lack of potable water. Leveraging a community engagement partnership established before the hurricanes by the mZAP participatory research, which naturally halted once the hurricanes hit a new humanitarian objective formed to deliver aid. Along with another NIH funded RCMI Translational Research Network, or RTRN institution (University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus) students and faculty, The Puerto Rico Testsite for Exploring Contamination Threats Program (PROTECT) an NIEHS Funded Grant, and the National Guard, a “people to people” approach was established to ascertain needs and an opportunity to meet those needs. A people-to-people approach brings humanitarian needs, identified directly by the community to the people who need it most; without intermediaries and bureaucratic delays that typically occur during catastrophes. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The consumption of potable water in plastic bottles and subsequent accumulation of plastic material has proven to be collateral damage of a vulnerable water distribution system creating another environmental hazard on the island of Culebra. Therefore, this humanitarian partnership, worked to delivered community and family sized water filters, providing a safe environmental alternative to drinkable water for the island. The success of this approach, People to People for Puerto Rico (#p2p4PUR), demonstrated the power of genuine community engagement—arising from a previous clinical research partnership—and true established commitment with members of the community. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Research partnerships can (and should, when needed) lead to humanitarian partnerships that extend beyond research objectives. Research may subsequently be adapted based on new realities associated with natural disasters and the altered nature of existing partnerships, allowing for a rapid response to communities need. Further, #p2p4PUR was not only able to channel a partnership humanitarian response but also created an opportunity to reflect on how the commitment between members of society and academia (researchers) can create beneficial bilateral relationships, always putting the community needs first. The resulting shared experience elevates community interest and engagement with researchers, and helps researchers see communities as true partners, rather than—simply—research subjects.
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Arvidson, Rhonda, and Stan Jones. "Ice Detection and Avoidance." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2003, no. 1 (2003): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-453.
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ABSTRACT An extensive risk assessment of oil transportation in Prince William Sound, Alaska was finalized in 1996 that identified drifting icebergs, from Columbia Glacier, as one of the most significant oil spill risks remaining to be addressed. The Prince William Sound Regional Citizens’ Advisory Council (PWS RCAC) was a major participant in this risk analysis. As part of the groundwork for the ice detection project, PWS RCAC has also sponsered extensive studies of Columbia Glacier calving and drift patterns, iceberg size and distribution. A collaborative project, called the ice detection project, was developed by a multi stakeholder working group and provides an opportunity for an immediate and long-term solution using existing technology. One objective of the project is to verify the efficiency, effectiveness and reliability of existing radar technologies to provide mariners and the United States Coast Guard with real time information regarding ice conditions. A secondary objective is to promote the research and development through field testing of new and emerging technologies to determine the possible enhancement of conventional radar. In addition to PWS RCAC, stakeholders responsible for spearheading this project are: Alyeska Pipeline Service Company, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, Oil Spill Recovery Institute, United States Coast Guard, Prince William Sound Community College and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Each of the seven participants brings expertise and backing from the stakeholder they represent. The site chosen for the ice detection radar project is Reef Island (illustration 1), located adjacent to Bligh Reef, Prince William Sound. This location is ideal because of its proximity to Columbia Glacier, the source of the icebergs, as well as providing an unobstructed view of the shipping lanes. A fifty foot tower was installed at the site during the fall of 2001 and a conventional radar system is currently being configured for installation. The expectation is that the system will be up and running by July of 2002, giving real time information on ice in the tanker lanes to mariners in Prince William Sound. A second field test of an UHF radar prototype is planned for the summer of 2002. Field testing and ground truthing of the radar system is scheduled for the next five years.
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Ramirez, Andrea, Maya Vadiveloo, Mary Greaney, et al. "Dietary Contributors to Food Group Intake in Preschool Children Attending Family Childcare Homes." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_119.
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Abstract Objectives To identify and describe the food sources that contribute to food group intake in preschool children attending family childcare homes (FCCH) in Rhode Island and to examine differences by provider ethnicity. Methods Baseline data (n = 120 FCCH and n = 370 children) from Healthy Start, an ongoing cluster-randomized trial, were used. Information about foods and beverages consumed by the children was collected using the Dietary Observation in Child Care. The Nutrition Data System for Research food group classification was used to define food groups, sources and servings. The contribution of food sources to major food groups was calculated using ratio of means. Differences in mean ratios between Latino and non-Latino providers were tested with ANOVA and ANCOVA (P &lt; 0.05) and Bonferroni adjustments were made for multiple comparisons. Results The analysis included 120 FCCH providers, all female, 68% were Latino, mean age of 48.9 ± 9.0 years; and 370 preschool children, 57% were Latino, mean age of 3.4 ± 0.9 years. Across FCCH, juice contributed the highest proportion to the fruits consumed (0.85 ± 0.24), and most vegetables consumed were non-starchy (0.61 ± 0.34). Nearly, three-fourths of dairy was low-fat (0.71 ± 0.30) and most milk/yogurt was unsweetened (0.85 ± 0.20). Three fourths of the grain servings consumed were refined (0.75 ± 0.22). The majority of the fats were vegetable oils (0.89 ± 0.20), and syrup/honey/jelly contributed more than half (0.50 ± 0.41) to the total sweets consumed. Children in non-Latino vs Latino FCCH consumed a significantly higher proportion of nuts and seeds (0.21 ± 0.34 vs 0.05 ± 0.13) and animal fats (0.37 ± 0.36 vs 0.11 ± 0.20). Similarly, children attending non-Latino FCCH ate a significantly higher proportion of non-starchy vegetables (0.82 ± 0.24 vs 0.52 ± 0.34), but a significantly lower proportion of legumes (0.05 ± 0.19 vs 0.33 ± 0.31) compared to Latino FCCH. Conclusions FCCH providers should be encouraged to include more whole fruits and whole grains. Differences between the foods consumed in FCCH according to the ethnicity of the provider, highlights the importance of considering cultural differences when developing tailored interventions to improve children's dietary intake at these settings. Funding Sources National Institutes of Health- National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health.
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Lautenschlaeger, T., V. Dedousi-Huebner, and A. Chakravarti. "Alcohol consumption: The single most important behavioral risk factor in breast cancer?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 27_suppl (2011): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.27_suppl.176.
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176 Background: Breast cancer research has identified certain risk factors over the years, which influence a woman's chance of getting the disease. While factors such as personal history of breast abnormalities, age and the occurrence of breast cancer among first-degree relatives have been identified as estimation factors for breast cancer risk, other factors are less conclusive. Increasingly, obesity is being analyzed as a significant risk factor for many cancers and, after tobacco use, may be one of the most modifiable behavioral cancer risk factors. Interestingly when comparing the incidence rate of breast cancer to the obesity rate nationwide many states show a disparity in the two. It may be that other behavioral risk factors are of greater importance. Methods: The US States Mississippi and West Virginia display the highest rates of obesity (over 29.4% of their population display a BMI over 30.0) and the lowest rates in breast cancer incidence nationwide (under 113.9 and 113.5 people per 100.00. residents are diagnosed with cancer each year respectively). We set out to look at various behavioral risk factors to possibly detect an underlying pattern for breast cancer. Using selected metropolitan/micropolitan area risk trend data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System from the CDC, we compared median percentages of the following risk factors: health status, exercise, diabetes, flu vaccination, current smoking, binge drinking and obesity. Results: Both states displayed higher percentages in all risk factors compared to the national average except for one in which they were below the national average: binge drinking. Rhode Island and Connecticut, the two states with the highest incidence rates in breast cancer, in turn displayed slightly higher rates of binge drinking compared to the national average. Conclusions: It appears that binge drinking might weigh more than other behavioral factors in terms of risk associated to breast cancer. Future research will need to analyze the interplay and patterns of the various risk factors as well as evaluate the association of mammographic density and alcohol drinking to further investigate the role of alcohol and binge drinking in the development of breast cancer.
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Moss, Jennifer L., Benmei Liu, and Li Zhu. "Adolescent Behavioral Cancer Prevention in the United States: Creating a Composite Variable and Ranking States’ Performance." Health Education & Behavior 46, no. 5 (2019): 865–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198119839111.
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Preventive behaviors established during adolescence can reduce cancer throughout the life span. Understanding the combinations of multiple behaviors, and how these behaviors vary across states, is important for identifying where additional interventions are needed. Using data on 2011-2015 vaccination, energy balance, and substance use from national surveys, we created state-level composite scores for adolescent cancer prevention. Hierarchical Bayesian linear mixed models were used to predict estimates for states with no data on select behaviors. We used a Monte Carlo procedure with 100,000 simulations to generate states’ ranks and 95% confidence intervals. Across states, hepatitis B vaccination was 84.3% to 97.1%, and human papillomavirus vaccination was 41.8% to 78.0% for girls and 19.0% to 59.3% for boys. For energy balance, 20.2% to 34.6% of adolescents met guidelines for physical activity, 4.1% to 15.8% for fruit and vegetable consumption, and 66.4% to 82.0% for healthy weight. For substance use, 82.5% to 93.5% reported abstaining from binge alcohol use, 84.3% to 95.4% from cigarette smoking, and 62.9% to 92.8% from marijuana use. (1) Rhode Island, (2) Colorado, (4) Hawaii and New Hampshire (tied), and (5) Vermont performed the best for adolescent cancer prevention, and (47) Missouri, (48) Arkansas, Mississippi, and South Carolina (tied), and (51) Kentucky performed the worst. However, 95% CIs around ranks often overlapped, indicating lack of statistical differences. Adolescent cancer prevention behaviors clustered into a composite index. States varied on their performance on this index, especially for states at the high and low extremes, but most states did not differ statistically. These findings can inform decision makers about where and how to intervene to improve cancer prevention among adolescents.