Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ribavirine'
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Hézode, Christophe. "Physiopathologie du traitement de l'hépatite chronique C par les interférons, la ribavirine et les inhibiteurs spécifiques." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0087.
Full textBani-Sadr, Firouzé. "Particularités de l'infection VHC et de la thérapeutique anti-VHC chez les patients co-infectés VIH/VHC." Paris 6, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00809569.
Full textCosson, Fanny. "Synthèse d'analogues carbonés de la Ribavirine pour leurs activités antivirales." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01024035.
Full textCosson, Fanny. "Synthèse d’analogues carbonés de la Ribavirine pour leurs activités antivirales." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CERG0687/document.
Full textRibavirin is a nucleosidic analogue of guanosine composed of a ribose and a triazole ring. This antiviral compound, synthesized in 1970, exhibits an activity against a broad-range of viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus in respiratory distress children, hepatitis B and E viruses as well as some cancers and leukemia. It is especially known for its use in hepatitis C treatment in combination with Interferon. However, the efficiency of this therapy is limited to a few genotypes of the virus and leads to numerous side effects. Therefore, finding new efficient and less toxic analogs is necessary to treat the 170 million individuals that are chronically infected and at risk of developing cirrhosis and liver cancer. Thanks to a methodology of indium mediated alcynylglycosylation followed by a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, C-nucleosides analogs of Ribavirin have been synthesized. Among them, SRO-91, showed a comparable activity to Ribavirin towards hepatitis C virus ARN polymerase. This thesis' objective is to synthesize other C-nucleosides analogs based on SRO-91 model. Modifications have been made on the triazole ring as well as on the ribose. In regards to the ribose transformations, we have been interested into the C2' position, in particular by introducing a quaternisation with different moieties (CH3, CF3, F …) or by deoxygenating this position. This thesis describes the different strategies explored for the synthesis of some of these C-nucleosides whose antiviral activities will be studied later
Ayari, Mohamed. "Développement de Polymères à Empreintes Moléculaires pour la Libération Controlée de la Ribavirine et de l'Adénosine -5'-monosphosphate." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2047/document.
Full textThis thesis report presents the synthesis of new polymeric cargos associated with molecular imprinting technology for the controlled release of nucleoside analogs: ribavirin for the treatment of pulmonary influenza A and adenosine 5'-monophosphate.At first, we focused on the development of different formulations of bulk MIPs in hydrogel form with the aim of setting up controlled release systems for ribavirin under different stimuli. Then, we carried out a "Dummy-template"approach using 2 ', 3', 5'-tri-O-acetyl-ribavirin in order to reduce the polarity of ribavirin so that we could explore different aprotic solvents to better stabilize the pre-polymerization complex. This study was accomplished by the use of new monomers synthesized within the laboratory and by comparing them with a commercial monomer such as methacrylic acid.These different MIPs showed differences in adsorption with respect to ribavirin but also different release profiles and kinetics depending on the release medium or the temperature.Secondly, we transposed the best formulations using 2 ', 3', 5'-tri-O-acetyl-ribavirin as template molecule towards the synthesis of imprinted beads. The spherical MIPs obtained showed desired geometry and diameter to be administeredby the pulmonary route. The incorporation of various co-monomers allowed to modify the architecture of these beads bymaking them thermosensitive or fluorescent.Lastly, this time, we have synthesized imprinted polymers for the controlled release of adenosine-5'-monophosphate. In this part, we studied the release from the spherical shape obtained by inverse Pickering emulsion polymerization
Grancher, Nicolas. "Vectorisation de la ribavirine par les cyclodextrines : caractérisation physico-chimique des complexes et activité in vitro et in vivo sur le virus de la rougeole." Nancy 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN11301.
Full textJeulin, Hélène. "Impact virologique et pharmacologique de la complexation de la ribavirine aux cyclodextrines sur un modèle animal d'encéphalite rougeoleuse." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN10117/document.
Full textThe objective of this work was to study the antiviral activity of ribavirin on measles encephalitis infection when using cyclodextrins as carriers. Ribavirin is a water-soluble synthetic nucleoside with broad spectrum antiviral properties, but it is ineffective against major viral encephalitis because of a failure to cross the blood brain barrier. The use of cyclic oligosaccharides can promote the activity of many drugs and the benefit of the association of ribavirin with alpha- or beta-cyclodextrine has already been demonstrated in vitro. The antiviral activity of the ribavirin/cyclodextrin complexes has been evaluated in vivo using an experimental model based on intracranial injection of the rodent adapted CAM/RB strain of measles virus in CBA/ca mice. Measles encephalitis development was monitored daily by viral load determination in mice brain. Intraperitoneal administration of the complex ribavirin/alpha-cyclodextrin (40 mg/kg of ribavirin) decreased the morbidity and the mortality of measles virus infected mice compared to free ribavirin treatment and the viral load in the brain is reduced at day 6 post-inoculation. At the opposite beta-cyclodextrin did not enhanced ribavirin in vivo antiviral activity. The role of alpha-cyclodextrin thus required to be defined and notably the hypothesis of ribavirin permeation enhancement through the blood brain barrier. Ribavirin specific extraction from brain tissue was developed, based on a solid phase extraction. It was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography at different time points after intraperitoneal injection of single or multiple doses of free ribavirin or of the complex ribavirin/alpha-cyclodextrin. Whatever the tested doses, quantity of ribavirin in the brain is significantly higher when the drug is injected as a complex with alpha-cyclodextrin, in healthy or measles virus-infected mice. So pharmacokinetic of ribavirin in brain tissue explains the advantage of the complex ribavirin/alpha-cyclodextrin over ribavirin in protecting mice from intracerebral infection with measles virus and confirms the interest of cyclodextrin complexes for human central nervous system diseases treatment
Locher, Sandrine. "Traitement de l'hépatite C après greffe hépatique par l'association ribavirine-interféron alpha /." Genève : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.unige.ch/cyberdocuments/theses2003/LocherS/these.pdf.
Full textChen, Yuxing. "Structure et fonction de la nucléoside diphosphate kinase : rôle dans l'activation des analogues de nucléotides à activité antivirale." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112130.
Full textNucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDP kinase) catalyses the reversible phosphorylation of NDP dependent on nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) via a covalent phosphohistidine intermediate according to the ping-pong mechanism. NDP kinase was implied to be related to the AIDS control due to its activation of the nucleoside analogs which are potential inhibitors to reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The 3'-OH of currently used NRTIs are substituted or removed. Unfortunately, this group is very important for the catalysis of NDP kinase according to the structural and kinetic research. To verify the novel NRTI, we solved the structure of NDPK-Dd in complex with ribavirin triphosphate (RTP). It showed RTP fixes to NDP kinase in a similar manner to that of the natural nucleotides. RTP is a nice substrate of NDP kinase, but has no capaçity to inhibit RNA polymerase of phage T7. Another effort was made is to change the substrate specificity of NDP kinase. For this purpose, we solved the structure of a variant NDPK-A (N115S) complexed with α-borano-AZT triphosphate (RB-AZTTP). RB-AZTTP was fixed to NDP kinase as a natural substrate because the carboxamide group of S115 provided a space for the azido group of AZT, indicating the improvement of the activation of AZT derivates by the mutant NDP kinases. Finally, we solved the structure of NDPK-A in complex with ADP and compared this structure against 19 different NDP kinase structures and 27 protein kinase structures, from the viewpoint of fixation mode. The comparison indicated the different conformations of the moiety of phosphates β and γ. In addition, fixation chirality of the metal is opposite for the two types of kinases
Jeulin, Hélène Kedzierewicz Francine. "Impact virologique et pharmacologique de la complexation de la ribavirine aux cyclodextrines sur un modèle animal d'encéphalite rougeoleuse." S. l. : Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2008_0117_JEULIN.pdf.
Full textPelletier, Nicolas. "Synthèse de nucléosides contraints à potentialité antivirale." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4105.
Full textNucleosides are small natural molecules at the base of genetic information. Consequently, these compounds are highly studied and many synthetic analogues with various structures have been synthesized in the last 50 years. Among these, ribavirin (RBV), a guanosine analogue discovered in 1972, has a broad antiviral spectrum, but also significant toxicity. That’s why, it is necessary to obtain new analogues of this nucleoside in order to improve its pharmacological properties The team "Infectious Diseases and Virology" of Janssen-Cilag (Val-de-Rueil, France) is interested in new RBV analogues with a spirocycle and oxetane combination on the sugar part of the molecule. Synthetic routes to obtain the main targeted analogue in four or eight steps did not work. But this compound could be obtained with an overall yield of 19% by a synthesis in 15 steps. Different original synthetic intermediates have been deprotected and have also seen their antiviral profile evaluated
Joubert, Nicolas. "Synthèse et évaluation de nouveaux nucléosides ciblant l'hépatite C dans un système réplicon." Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE2048.
Full textKamar, Nassim. "Physiopathologie de l'infection virale C en transplantation rénale." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30027.
Full textBrochot, Étienne. "La ribavirine dans le traitement de l'hépatite C chronique : mécanismes impliqués dans la mutagénèse et l'hémolyse." Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIED008.
Full textThe current treatment of chronic hepatitis C is based on synergistic association between pegylated interferon and ribavirin and allows a sustained virological response in approximatively 60% of the patients. One of the mechanisms making it possible to explain this synergy is support by the mutagen effect of ribavirin. Our objective was first of all to evaluate this effect on the in vitro cell culture system of HCV (HCVcc: JFH-1). The nucleotidic analysis shows a significant increase in the mutation rate of NS5a at a ribavirin concentration of 50µM. At the peptide level, the selective pressure exerted by ribavirin, is characterized by two clusters obtained showing each one at least a specific change. Moreover the treatment by ribavirin modified the effectiveness of interferon. The inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) was lower for the viruses obtained after one month of ribavirin at a concentration of 50 µM. In the second time we were interested in the major undesirable effect of ribavirin: hemolysis. This side effect is very fluctuating from one patient to another. For this reason, the prediction of hemolysis before treatment is a major stake to optimize the answer to the treatment. By our hemolysis in vitro test developed and the quantification of the plasmatic proteins sulfhydryl, it seems possible to anticipate the fall of hemoglobin under treatment. We identified at the plasmatic level a good predictive marker of fall of the hemoglobin from more or less 3 g/dL during the treatment with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 80%. In conclusion, the mutagen effect of ribavirin already observed in other models (réplicon, poliovirus,…) would increase the sensitivity to IFN of the viral population obtained. It is thus probable that this mutagenesis can partly explain the synergistic action of ribavirin with interferon during the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. The prediction of the hemolysis under treatment could allow an optimization of current and future therapy with ribavirin in the field of chronic hepatitis C
Legrand, Abravanel Florence. "Implications thérapeutiques de la variabilité génétique des génotypes 4 et 5 du virus de l'hépatite C." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/194/.
Full textWe studied the genetic variability of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes 4 and 5 and their sensitivity to interferon-based treatment. Their sensitivity to interferon was studied by controlling the major factors influencing the response. We demonstrated that genotype 4 should be considered as a difficult to treat genotype, whereas genotype 5 responds well to interferon. The variability of genotype 4 strains identified in 166 patients from South-Western France was assessed by sequencing several regions of the genome. Twelve subtypes were identified and 3 strains could not be subtyped. We have demonstrated that genotype 4 spreads within intravenous drug users in France. Lastly, we characterized a naturally occurring recombinant genotype 2/5 hepatitis C virus
Benarroch, Delphine. "L'extrémité 5' de l'ARNm du virus de la Dengue : trois enzymes et une coiffe." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX22062.
Full textSubissi, Lorenzo. "Biochemical insights into SARS-CoV replication." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM5002.
Full textThis work focused on the enzymatic machinery involved in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) RNA replication and transcription. Firstly, I established a robust in vitro polymerase assay with the canonical SARS-CoV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) nsp12. I showed that nsp12, in order to engage processive RNA synthesis, needs two viral proteins, i.e. nsp7 and nsp8. This nsp7/nsp8 complex not only activates nsp12-RdRp, but also acts as a processivity factor. Thus, using this processive polymerase complex, I could investigate SARS-CoV proofreading for which only indirect evidences were reported. Indeed, coronaviruses encode for a 3'-5' exonuclease (nsp14-ExoN), putatively involved in a mechanism that proofreads coronavirus RNA during viral replication. We first showed in vitro that nsp14-ExoN, which is stimulated by nsp10, is able to excise specifically dsRNA as well as all primer/templates bearing a 3' mismatch on the primer. Moreover, we could confirm by sequencing that a RNA 3' mismatch was indeed corrected in vitro by the nsp7/nsp8/nsp12/nsp14 complex. We provide for the first time direct evidence that nsp14-ExoN, in coordination with the polymerase complex, is able to proofread RNA. Interestingly, using this in vitro system we found an element that could possibly explain the inefficacy of ribavirin therapeutic treatment on SARS-patients: ribavirin, which is incorporated by the SARS-CoV polymerase complex, would also be excised by nsp14. In conclusion, this system will drive future development of antivirals, particularly of the nucleoside analogue type, against coronaviruses
Deveze, Jean-Charles. "Sarcoi͏̈dose lors du traitement par interféron-alpha et ribavirine d'une hépatite chronique active virale C : à propos d'un cas." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON11012.
Full textBailly, François. "Optimisation du traitement anti-VHC : place des dosages pharmacologiques et des cinétiques virales à l'ère des antiviraux directs." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10328/document.
Full textThe rapid development of new direct antiviral agents (DAA) against HCV gives hope of more potent and well tolerated treatments. These new compounds will deeply modify therapeutic schedules, virological response prognostic factors and patients’ monitoring. The aim of our work was to define the relevance of ribavirin plasma concentration and viral kinetics monitoring during triple therapy. The study of a prospective cohort including 186 patients under triple therapy showed an SVR12 rate of 60%. Associated predictive factors were IL-28B genotype and previous treatment response. A reversible decrease of glomerular filtration rate was also observed. Ribavirin plasma concentration monitoring reduced hematological risks among patients with renal insufficiency. Early ribavirin plasma exposure showed an underexposure among HIV/HCV patients and ribavirin biodisponibility with severe anemia increased among telaprevir-treated patients. Within the CUPIC cohort, the initial viral load undetectability or decrease up to 50% or 70% at week 2 of triple therapy were predictive of SVR12. Moreover, this week 2 viral load assessment allowed the detection of early viral breakthrough. Ribavirin still plays a major role in current and future therapeutic strategies. Ribavirin monitoring could also be important during future multi-drug therapy that could be associated with drug interactions
Escuret, Vanessa. "Évaluation de nouveaux inhibiteurs du virus de l'hépatite C dans différents modèles expérimentaux." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10101.
Full textLaouénan, Cédric. "Utilisation des modèles dynamiques pour l'évaluation des traitements de l'hépatite C." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.hal.inserm.fr/tel-01077435.
Full textSince 2011, the introduction of triple therapies combining a protease inhibitor (PI), telaprevir or boceprevir, with the pegylated-interferon and the ribavirin (Peg-IFN/RBV) marked a milestone for anti hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy. However, the response to treatment in cirrhotic patients remains unclear and poses serious safety problems. Vira kinetic models, analyzed by nonlinear mixed effect models (NLMEM), are a powerful tool for understanding the response to treatment. We have demonstrated, by means of clinical trial simulation, the power of the Wald tes1 within NLMEM to detect a HCV drug's antiviral effectiveness difference. This approach, even for a small number of samples, provided consistently higher power to the standard approach based on a non parametric Wilcoxon test on the viral load decay. However, we have highlighted an inflation of the type I error with the Wald test when the number of patients is low and have proposed a permutation correction. We applied this approach to estimate the antiviral effectiveness of the triple therapies in cirrhotic patients and non-responders to a prior therapy (ANRS MODCUPIC). We hav( shown that over 99% of the viral replication was blocked by PI, with a significantly superior effectiveness of telaprevir compared to boceprevir and suboptimal effectiveness of Peg-IFN/RBV. Finally, by modeling the kinetics of blood parameters, we demonstrated that the concentrations of Peg-IFN and RBV are associated with, respectively, anemia and thrombocytopenia which are frequently observed in these patients
Bizollon, Thierry. "Contribution à l'étude des facteurs prédictifs de l'évolution et de la prise en charge thérapeutique de la récidive virale C après transplantation hépatique." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO1T126.
Full textFlusin, Olivier. "Stratégies de lutte contre des virus du risque infectieux : perspectives thérapeutiques contre les nairovirus et les orthopoxvirus." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077054.
Full textCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and smallpox virus (VARV) infections, for which there are no licensed antiviral therapeutics, represent a significant threat to the strategic and operational missions of the French armed forces. Here, we reported two strategies used to identity novel antiviral compounds that are specifically effective in inhibiting proteins and molecular complexes involved in genome replication of Hazara nairovirus (HAZV) and vaccinia orthopoxvirus (VACV), respective surrogate models of CCHFV and VARV. In a first study, the activity of small interfering RNA (siRNAs) targeting the HAZV mRNA was evaluated in cell culture. We were able to identify two siRNAs directed against the transcripts encoding the nucleoprotein that reduced the production of infectious HAZV particles by over 90%. The combination of ribavirin with siRNAs induced an additive, or synergistic, effect on HAZV replication inhibition. In a second study, we adapted the yeast two-hybrid technique in order to perform a high throughput screening for the selection of protein-protein interaction modulators within the VACV replication complex. We identified two molecules that specifically inhibit orthopoxvirus (OPV) replication in vitro. Furthermore, we showed that both compounds interfere with the VACV genome synthesis. The initial results of this work indicate the potential of these two strategies to be applied for the development of future treatments against nairovirus and OPV infections
Bani, Sadr Firouzé. "PARTICULARITES DE L'INFECTION VHC ET DE LA THERAPEUTIQUE ANTI-VHC CHEZ LES PATIENTS CO-INFECTES VIH/VHC." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00809569.
Full textOLANDA, Carolina Gurski. "Modelagem molecular de novos compostos derivados da Ribavirina como candidatos a f?rmacos para o controle da dengue." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2016. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2160.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2017-11-08T17:21:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Carolina Gurski Olanda.pdf: 2816027 bytes, checksum: 2bb43929b846b2fad139c3570efabf00 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-30
CAPES
Dengue is an infectious disease caused by an arbovirus which is transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. In Brazil, due to the rainy season in the summer, it is common the occurrence of epidemics. In recent years, the number of cases in the country is growing at an alarming rate, increasing not only the number of records, but also the number of deaths. Until this date, there is no antiviral treatment that is effective, only measures for the sweetening of symptoms. The viral enzyme RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5) plays a role of great importance for viral replication. This project aims to rational planning of C-nucleosides 1,2,3 triazole derivatives of ribavirin (1 - [(2R, 3R, 4S, 5R) -3,4-dihydroxy-5- (hydroxymethyl) dioxolan-2- yl] -1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide), a potent inhibitor of the replication of the flavivirus, proposed inhibitors. To achieve this, was used molecular docking methods and semi-empirical calculations for the study of interactions between the derivatives proposed by our group and the two enzymes. The realization of this study will serve as basis for the synthesis of most promising products, which in the future may lead to the creation of a prototype of an antiviral drug that contributes to the treatment of all forms of dengue, as well as in preventing it.
A dengue ? uma doen?a infecciosa causada por um arbov?rus, que ? transmitido pelo mosquito Aedes aegypti. No Brasil, devido aos per?odos chuvosos no ver?o, ? comum a ocorr?ncia de epidemias. Nos ?ltimos anos, o n?mero de casos da doen?a no pa?s vem crescendo de forma alarmante, aumentando n?o s? a quantidade de registros, mas tamb?m o n?mero de ?bitos. At? o momento, n?o h? tratamento antiviral que seja efetivo, apenas medidas para a ameniza??o dos sintomas. A enzima viral RNA polimerase dependente de RNA (NS5) exerce papel de grande import?ncia para a replica??o viral. Este projeto tem como objetivo o planejamento racional de C-nucleos?deos 1,2,3 triaz?licos derivados da ribavirina (1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihidroxi- 5-(hidroximetil)oxolan-2-il]-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-carboxamida), um potente inibidor da replica??o dos flaviv?rus, inibidores propostos das enzimas NS5. Para se alcan?ar este objetivo, ser?o usados os m?todos de docking molecular e de c?lculos semi-emp?ricos para o estudo das intera??es entre os derivados propostos por nosso grupo e as duas enzimas. A realiza??o desse estudo servir? como base para a s?ntese dos derivados mais promissores, que futuramente poder?o levar ? cria??o de um prot?tipo de um f?rmaco antiviral, que contribua para o tratamento de todas as formas da dengue, assim como na preven??o da mesma.
Moenne-Loccoz, Rémy. "Impact des glycoprotéines d'enveloppe E1 et E2 du virus de l'hépatite C sur la réponse au traitement antiviral interféron-a pégylé/ribavirine chez des patients atteints d'hépatite chronique C." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/MOENNE-LOCCOZ_Remy_2011.pdf.
Full textThe standard of care (SOC) treatment, i. E. Pegylated interferon-alpha/ribavirin, is efficient in only 50% of patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-genotype 1. The high variability of HCV E1/E2 envelope glycoproteins may indirectly contribute to viral resistance to treatment by selection of strains with high infectivity and/or increased ability to escape to immunity. This hypothesis was investigated by in silico and in vitro functional analyses (pseudoparticles HCVpp). Molecular signatures (MS) and covariant amino acid minimal networks, defined on E1/E2, were correlated with treatment response. Three out of the four MS which were defined and functionally assessed showed results concordant with the hypothesis. The nonresponse (NR)-related residues 431A and 642V led to a decrease in antibody (Ab)-mediated HCVpp neutralization using patients sera, a 431A or 642V-dependent increase of HCVpp infectivity at the entry step, and a 431A-dependent increase of interaction with CD81 and SR-BI. The response (R)-related residue 219T decreased HCVpp infectivity. Minimal networks of covariant amino acids separated NR-related from R-related strains and included three out of the four MS previously mentioned. Conclusion: Our results support an indirect contribution of HCV E1/E2 to treatment efficacy. NR-related 431A and 642V favour HCVpp infectivity with concomitant escape from neutralizing Ab while R-related 219T decreases HCVpp infectivity, suggesting that virus-host interactions during viral entry may be involved in the SOC treatment failure
Barragué, Hugo. "Réponses lymphocytaires T dans le contexte des infections par le virus de l'hépatite E." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30047.
Full textIn industrialized countries, acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections are usually self-limiting. Chronic E hepatitis has been described only in immunosuppressed patients such as solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Viral persistence is linked to the immunological status of the patients but the determinants are largely unknown. In this work, we have studyed T lymphocytes of the ?d type during the acute phase of infection. In acutely-infected SOT patients, circulating ƴd T cells have an increased expression of activation marker and alterations of memory markers. Using a collection of blood samples taken at the acute phase from immunocompetent patients, we have shown that ƴd can be activated following contact with HEV infected hepatocyte cell lines. We demonstrate that HEV induces an immunoregulatory phenotype on ƴd T cells by counteracting inflammatory cytokines. Our results suggest that the induction of regulatory ƴd T cells could be beneficial for viral persistence and might be implicated in the pathophysiology of chronic E hepatitis
Melo, Luciana Oliveira de Rezende. "Análise comparativa do efeito de resposta ao tratamento da Hepatite C entre o interferon peguilado e interferon-alfa associados à ribavirina em pacientes do HSE-RJ." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9129.
Full textHepatitis C (HC) is a serious public health problem worldwide. According to estimates by the World Health Organization, about 3% of the world population is infected with hepatits C virus. The objective of treatment of HC is avoid the progression of liver disease by inhibition of viral replication. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of treatment response of hepatitis C between pegylated interferon (PEGINF) + ribavirin (RBV) and interferon-alpha (INF) + ribavirin (RBV) and evaluate the relationship of risk factors, age, gender, genotype, degree of fibrosis, treatment time and comorbidities. We conducted a retrospective study of medical records of patients seen at the clinic of Hepatology, Servants Hospital of the State of Rio de Janeiro (HSE), 2001 to 2009. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analyzes (logistic regression). About 85% of patients treated for 48 weeks, and 15% of those treated for 24 weeks had sustained virologic response (SVR) positive. About 65% of patients receiving PEGINF + RBV and 35% of those who received INF + RBV had positive RVS. In relation to treatment interruption, the association between the degree of liver fibrosis and the probability of remaining treatment was statistically significant . The risk of interruption is six times higher with more advanced fibrosis degree (F4) than compared to the less advanced fibrosis degree (F2). The risk of stopping treatment after the first 24 weeks for patients with genotype 3 was 2.5 times higher than those patients with genotype 1.
Scorsin, Leandro. "INVESTIGAÇÃO CONFORMACIONAL DA ESTRUTURA COM ATIVIDADE ANTI-HCV DA RIBAVIRINA E VIRAMIDINA E DOS NUCLEOSÍDEOS NATURAIS ADENOSINA E GUANOSINA." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2013. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2105.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Ribavirin is a similar compound to Guanosine, and it has wide application in antiviral activity against several DNA and RNA viruses. In human cells, the Ribavirin is phosphorylated forming a metabolite which inhibits an enzyme involved in synthesis of guanosine triphosphate. This enzyme is required for viral RNA replication, directly affecting their growth. In the solid state the Ribavirin crystallizes in two different ways. There NMR studies in the literature that deal with the Ribavirin in solution. Recently, tests were performed to treat hepatitis virus with a new drug, Viramidine. Its structure is similar to that of Ribavirin, but there is a change in group carboxyamide, since the carbonyl group is replaced by a C=NH. The Viramidine showed a less harmful and less widespread in the body when compared to Ribavirin. Based on this information, the general objective of the work was the conformational analysis of drug Ribavirin, as theoretical as experimental, and Viramidine just in theoretical calculation. Subsequent calculations were performed to natural nucleosides Adenosine and Guanosine, because they are structurally similar to both drugs. Using the package of programs GAUSSIAN 03 the analysis was performed of a series of scans in two dihedral angles of each structure. Then it was built four potential energy surfaces with HF/6-311G level of theory. The conformations present at the point of minimum energy were optimized in isolated phase. In calculations with solvation routines was performed the execution of single-point, according to the polarizable continuum model (PCM), with level of theory with B3LYP/cc-pVDZ. To explain the conformational preferences of global minimum of each nucleoside or drug analyzed have been used as tools maps of electrostatic potential and natural bonding orbital calculations. It was observed that for drugs there were a variation of stable conformation between the isolated phase and solvation. Only one conformation was the most stable in isolated phase for both drugs and having the same characteristic between them, the hydroxyl's hydrogen connected to carbon 5 of ribose is close to a nitrogen atom of the triazole ring, justifying an intramolecular interaction of the type hydrogen bond that stabilizes these conformations. In medium of polar solvating conformations with greater dipole moment were the most stable since the medium of polar solvating preferred these conformations. For nucleosides were found different results that don´t following the same relations of drugs. It was isolated from the drug capsules, employing simple filtration followed by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl ether. The organic phase was evaporated with a rotary evaporator thus obtaining the pure Ribavirin. The product was characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy on KBr pellets and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 1H and 13C NMR in D2O and DMSO-d6. The results obtained were compared with the theoretical results, including theoretical frequencies related to experimental wave numbers and coupling constants for two and three bonds found in the resonance spectra and the results of calculation of the theoretical couling constants.
A Ribavirina é um composto análogo a Guanosina e possui larga aplicação em atividades antivirais contra vários DNA ou RNA vírus. Na célula humana, a Ribavirina é fosforilada formando um metabólito que inibe uma enzima envolvida na síntese da Guanosina trifosfato. Essa enzima é necessária para a replicação do RNA viral, afetando diretamente seu crescimento. No estado sólido a Ribavirina cristaliza-se em duas diferentes formas. Existem estudos de RMN na literatura que tratam da Ribavirina em solução. Recentemente, foram efetuados testes para o tratamento do vírus da hepatite com uma nova droga, a Viramidina. Sua estrutura é semelhante a da Ribavirina, porém existe uma mudança no grupo carboxiamida, pois a carbonila é substituída por um grupo C=NH. A Viramidina mostrou um menor efeito colateral no organismo quando comparada a Ribavirina. Com base nestas informações, o objetivo geral do trabalho foi a análise conformacional dos fármacos Ribavirina, de forma teórica e experimental, e Viramidina, apenas de forma teórica. Posteriormente foram efetuados os cálculos dos nucleosídeos naturais Adenosina e Guanosina, visto que estes são semelhantes estruturalmente a ambos os fármacos. Utilizando o conjunto de programas GAUSSIAN 03, realizou-se uma sequência de scans analisando dois ângulos diedros de cada estrutura. Sendo assim foram construídas quatro superfícies de energia potencial com nível de teoria HF/6-311G. As conformações presentes nos pontos de mínimo de energia foram otimizadas em fase isolada. Em cálculos com rotinas de solvatação realizou-se a execução de single-point, segundo o modelo do contínuo polarizável (PCM), com nível de teoria B3LYP/cc-pVDZ. Para explicar as preferências conformacionais dos mínimos globais de cada fármaco ou de cada nucleosídeo analisado, foram utilizados como ferramentas os mapas de potencial eletrostático e os cálculos de orbitais naturais de ligação. Foi observado que para os fármacos existe uma variação entre a conformação estável em fase isolada e em solvatação. Uma conformação apenas foi a mais estável em fase isolada para ambos os fármacos e como mesma característica entre eles, o hidrogênio da hidroxila ligada ao carbono 5 da ribose está próximo de um átomo de nitrogênio do anel triazólico, justificando uma interação intramolecular do tipo ligação de hidrogênio que estabiliza essas conformações. Em solvatação as conformações com maior momento de dipolo foram as mais estáveis, visto que o meio de solvatação polar favorece essas conformações. Para os nucleosídeos foram encontrados resultados diferentes não seguindo as mesmas relações dos fármacos. Experimentalmente, para a Ribavirina foi elaborado uma rota de extração do fármaco. Ela foi isolada das cápsulas do medicamento, empregando filtração simples seguida de extração líquido-líquido com éter etílico. A fase orgânica foi rotaevaporada obtendo assim a Ribavirina pura. O produto foi caracterizado por espectroscopia na região do infravermelho, em pastilha de KBr e Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de 1H e 13C, em D2O e DMSO-d6. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com os resultados teóricos, incluindo as frequências teóricas relacionadas aos números de onda experimentais e as constantes de acoplamento, a duas e três ligações encontradas nos espectros de ressonância e no resultado do cálculo das constantes de acoplamento teóricas.
Nicot, Florence. "Variabilité génétique du virus de l'hépatite C et persistance virale." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU30131.
Full textIdentification of new factors influencing viral response and HCV persistence is needed. Genetic diversity of HCV genotype 2 and 4 strains in Midi-Pyrénées areas was studied and revealed 8 and 12 subtypes, respectively. Intravenous drug use was the major route of infection for HCV subtypes 4a, 4d and 2a. A microarray-based molecular approach was developed for identification of HCV genotype and subtype. The impact of HCV variability and pharmacological parameters on the virological response was evaluated and showed that ribavirin concentrations and HCV subtype influence the virological response to pegylated interferon and ribavirin. Indeed, patients infected with HCV subtype 1b have a better chance of achieving sustained virological response than those infected with 1a. Finally, we have shown absence of HCV persistence in formerly HCV-infected immunocompromised patients suggesting the complete eradication of HCV
Nogueira, José Barreto Cruz. "Farmacovigilância no tratamento com peginterferon e ribavirina em pacientes com hepatite C crônica no serviço de hepatologia do Hospital Universitário de Aracaju-SE." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2011. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3715.
Full textA hepatite C é uma doença infecciosa, com prevalência global de 2,2% e no Brasil de 1,5%. A terapêutica medicamentosa é constituída pelo interferon α, peginterferon α e a ribavirina. É um tratamento agressivo repleto de reações adversas, daí a importância da farmacovigilância como ferramenta adicional no acompanhamento do tratamento e do uso racional dos medicamentos. Assim, Reações adversas ocorridas em pacientes com hepatite C crônica tratados com peginterferon e ribavirina foram identificadas, quantificadas e classificadas através de um estudo retrospectivo e observacional. As reações mais prevalentes observadas nos 46 pacientes do estudo foram: astenia (84,8%), febre (82,6%), perda de peso (80,4%), irritabilidade (73,9%) e dor no corpo (71,7%). A maior parte das reações foi classificada como leve (95,1%), enquanto que como moderada, 4,5% e como graves, 0,4%. As reações adversas acarretaram o remanejamento terapêutico de 9 pacientes (19,6%) nos quais houve, redução da dose para 7 (15,2%), interrupção temporária do tratamento para 5 (10,9%) e interrupção permanente para 3 pacientes (6,5%). Onze interações medicamentosas potenciais foram identificadas em 9 pacientes (19,6 %), nos quais a mais freqüente foi entre o peginterferon α 2a e o captopril (45,4%). Diante do exposto, observa-se que o tratamento para hepatite C crônica é marcado por várias reações adversas, de gravidade variável, que podem interferir na qualidade de vida do paciente ou no cumprimento do tratamento e que isto pode ser agravado pelas potenciais interações medicamentosas. Adicionalmente se avaliou o sistema de farmacovigilância do Ambulatório de Hepatologia do Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Sergipe dos pacientes cadastrados de janeiro de 2007 a julho de 2009.
Vilar, Janaina LeitÃo. "Autoantibodies profile in patients with chronic hepatitis C and the influence of Interferon-alfa plus Ribavirin." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=386.
Full textChronic hepatitis C has been associated with non-organ-specific autoantibodies (NOSA) production. Despite of increasing number of researches about this subject, there is no agreement among the authors of which autoantibodies are produced during combinated therapy of interferon and ribavirin or the clinical relevance of NOSA in patientâs organism. Our aim was to evaluate the profile of NOSA in patients with chronic hepatitis C who attended to Walter CantÃdio Hospital (HUWC) and received combinated antiviral therapy (interferon-ribavirin). A total of 34 patients with hepatitis C were studied. Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), anti-smooth muscle antibody (SMA), anti-liver/kidney microsomal antibody type 1 (LKM-1) and anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) were detected by indirect immunofluorescence. The presence of NOSA was related to clinical and epidemiological variables and to the outcome of antiviral combination therapy with interferon-alfa and ribavirin. Patients were classified as nonresponders, relapsers or long-term responders depending on the outcome of treatment. In our study, before therapy, 23 patients were NOSA positive (SMA was detected in 6 patients, SMA and AMA in 10 and SMA, AMA and ANA in 7). On the 24th week of treatment, 24 patientes were NOSA positive (SMA was detected in 4 patients, SMA and AMA in 10, ANA and SMA in 1, ANA and AMA in 1 and SMA, AMA and ANA in 8). NOSA behavior did not show significant variation during treatment. The overall rate of long-term response was 26,5% (9/34). Long-term response occurred in 17,4% (4/23) of NOSA positive patients and 45,5% (5/11) of NOSA negative patients. Positivity of autoantibodies was not associated with gender, age, viral genotype or aminotransferase levels. In conclusion, ANA was the only NOSA associated with treatment outcome. The absence of NOSA might indicate a significantly higher chance for viral clearance in response to combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C infection.
A hepatite crÃnica pelo vÃrus C tem sido associada à produÃÃo de autoanticorpos nÃo-ÃrgÃo especÃficos (NOSA). Apesar do aumento do nÃmero de pesquisas nessa Ãrea, ainda nÃo existe um consenso entre quais autoanticorpos tÃm seus nÃveis elevados devido ao tratamento combinado de interferon e ribavirina, nem sua influÃncia no desfecho do mesmo ou a relevÃncia clÃnica da presenÃa desses autoanticorpos no organismo do pacientes. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o perfil de NOSA em pacientes com hepatite C crÃnica atendidos no Hospital UniversitÃrio Walter CantÃdio (HUWC) e submetidos à terapia combinada de interferon-alfa e ribavirina. Para isso, um total de 34 pacientes com hepatite C foram estudados. Os anticorpos anti-nuclear (FAN), anti-mÃsculo liso (SMA), anti-microssomal de fÃgado e rim do tipo 1 (LKM-1) e anti-mitocÃndria (AMA) foram detectados atravÃs de imunofluorescÃncia indireta. A presenÃa de NOSA foi relacionada a variÃveis clÃnicas e epidemiolÃgicas e à resposta ao tratamento. Os pacientes foram classificados, em relaÃÃo à resposta ao tratamento, como nÃo respondedores, recidivantes ou respondedores (resposta virolÃgica sustentada). Em nosso estudo, 23 pacientes foram NOSA reagentes (SMA foi detectado em 6 pacientes, SMA e AMA em 10 e SMA, AMA e FAN em 7). Na 24 semana de tratamento, 24 pacientes foram NOSA reagentes (SMA foi detectado em 4 pacientes, SMA e AMA em 10, FAN e SMA em 1, FAN e AMA em 1 e SMA, AMA e FAN em 8). A variaÃÃo dos tÃtulos dos autoanticorpos durante o tratamento nÃo foi significativa. O percentual total de respondedores foi de 26,5% (9/34). A resposta virolÃgica sustentada foi obtida por 17,4% (4/23) dos pacientes NOSA reagentes e 45,5% (5/11) dos pacientes nÃo reagentes para NOSA. A presenÃa de autoanticorpos nÃo foi associada a gÃnero, idade, genÃtipo viral ou nÃveis de transaminases. Conclui-se que o FAN foi o Ãnico NOSA significativamente associado à resposta à terapia. A ausÃncia de NOSA indica uma tendÃncia à resposta virolÃgica sustentada no tratamento da hepatite C crÃnica.
Petrenkienė, Vitalija. "Ligonių, sergančių lėtiniu hepatitu c, ligos raiškos ypatumai, gydymo interferonu a–2b ir ribavirinu efekto įvertinimas ir požymių, lemiančių gydymo rezultatus, nustatymas." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050606_220244-71931.
Full textJoubert, Nicolas. "Synthèse et évaluation de nouveaux nucléosides ciblant l'hépatite C dans un système réplicon." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00250329.
Full textGrando, Aline Vitali. "Efetividade de interferon peguilado e ribavirina no tratamento da hepatite C crônica em pacientes atendidos em um centro universitário no Estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-08092016-093600/.
Full textIntroduction: The association of pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) was considered a first line treatment for chronic hepatitis C during the past decade. Routine clinical practice information and real-life treatment outcomes can guide future therapeutic strategies for this group of patients. Objectives: The main objective of our study was to determine the sustained virological response (SVR) rate under current clinical practice. The secondary objectives were: 1- to investigate the factors that before or during treatment could predict SVR 2- to identify the causes of treatment interruption. Method: This cross-sectional study enrolled hepatitis C patients treated with Peg-IFN and RBV in a tertiary outpatient clinic setting. Data were collected retrospectively on patients treated for hepatitis C. Demographics, treatment outcomes and potential predictors of outcome were recorded. Results: Among the 440 analyzed patients 182 achieved SVR (prevalence: 41.4% [95% CI: 36.7 to 46.1]). On an intention-to-treat basis, SVR rates were 33.5% (104/310), 53.8% (7/13) and 60.5% (69/114) in genotypes 1, 2 and 3 respectively. After multivariate analysis, SVR was independently associated with presence of genotypes 2 or 3 (p < 0.001), no hepatic steatosis (p=0.025) and absence of prior treatment (p = 0.038). Anemia (15.6%) and thrombocytopenia (3.9%) were the most frequent causes of treatment dose reduction. Among the adverse events that led 79 patients into treatment discontinuation, the most frequent were psychiatric complications (15.1%) and anemia (13.9%). Conclusion: In our cohort, the treatment success rate (SVR) was similar to that observed in other in real-life setting studies. The SVR was independently associated with: presence of genotypes 2 or 3, no hepatic steatosis and absence of prior treatment. Psychiatric disorders and anemia were the main causes of premature treatment discontinuation
Camous, Xavier. "Paramètres immunologiques dans les hépatites virales chroniques : évaluation des réponses lymphocitaires spécifiques CD4+ et CD8+ au cours de l'hépatite virale chronique C." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10278.
Full textAbout 200 million people are infected by hepatitis C virus worldwide. As the outcome of the disease may be hepatocellular carcinoma, it is the main cause of liver transplantations in the world. When you are infected by HCV, you are in the acute phase of the disease. It's generally asymptomatic and approximately 30% of infected patients resolve the infection spontaneously. Others will become HCV chronic carriers and may develop fibrosis which may evolute in cirrhosis. At this stage, there is an additional 3% per year risk to develop hepatocellular carcinoma. There is still no preventive vaccine. The standard therapy is a combination of pegylated IFN and ribavirin and is only effective in 50% cases of genotype 1 infected patients. Nowadays, we still don't know clearly how this therapy works during chronic phase. The objectives of this work were to study a various panel of cell populations, in peripheral blood and in the liver, during chronic hepatitis C to evaluate treatment impacts on these. We finely characterized the populations of NK cells, which are known to potentially play an important role during the disease and to undergo heavy viral pressures. We also studied predictive immunological parameters able to indicate to clinicians which patients develop a sustained virologic response and what cell populations product IFN before treatment. We have studied a variety of immunological parameters before, during, under and 6 months after a hepatitis C therapy to try to conclude on immunological impact of combination IFN and ribavirin. Finally, we decided to characterize and localize intrahepatic and peripheral TReg during hepatitis C. To achieve our goals, we used a wide range of technologies. We studied cellular phenotype by 4-colors flow cytometry, measured gene of interest expression by RT-PCR, quantified IFN secretion against HCV proteins by elispot and dosed cytokines secreted against HCV peptides by CBA. We worked in collaboration with the "département d'hépatogastroentérologie du CHU de Grenoble " which supplied blood samples and liver biopsies we needed. We first studied peripheral and intrahepatic NK cells population as well as correlations between their phenotype, frequencies and clinical parameters in chronic hepatitis C patients. We used healthy and hepatitis B controls. We found an increase of the of the cytotoxic/secretive NK cells ratio during hepatitis C. Two particular populations of NK cells were identified. One correlated to viral control, CD3-CD56dimNKG2A+, and the other with hepatic lesions, CD3-CD56brightNKG23A+. Our study on pretreatment predictive immunological parameters found that basal expression of IFN is positively correlated to a sustained virologic response. Moreover, this expression is significatively higher in chronical HCV carriers compared to healthy controls. Then, we investigated the type of cells producing IFN and we found that it was TNK cells. Following this, we monitored T cells response during therapy. We evaluated the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells through CD25 (IL-2R) expression, their IFN secretion against HCV peptides with elispot, ISG expression using RT-PCR and the evolutions of their phenotype, including NK's and TNK's, by flow cytometry. Biological sample were obtained from a clinical trial funded by ANRS in collaboration with the hepato-gastroenterology department at the Grenoble hospital, Gammatri project. This consisted of adding IFN to the classical therapy to improve its response rate. We have had regular blood samples before, during and 6 months after the end of therapy. Our results showed that therapy didn't improve the response of HCV specific T cells neither increased it. In contrast, it rather suppressed T cells response, maybe to let T cells- independent mechanisms work. We also developed an in vitro culture system with HCV proteins which let us measure the direct impact of molecules on the subpopulations of HCV specific T cells. We used it with PBMC from non-treated patients cultured with physiological doses of IFNand ribavirin. The only population responding positively to treatment by secreting IFN was TNK and only during the very first hours in culture. Finally, we studied the regulatory T cell (TReg) to determine their location and roles during the disease. We didn't find any correlation between TReg frequencies and viral load, so it seems that TReg didn't inhibit HCV specific T cells. They are colocalized in CD8 infiltrates and may participate in hepatic preservation by inhibiting cytotoxic cells by direct contact. This protective effect only lasts until fibrosis reach the A2/F3 grade. Beyond, TReg lose their effect and this fact may be a cause of the onset of cirrhosis. To conclude, the influence of virus on the immunity of its host is extremely complex and involves a larger number of factors. In our study, we showed that cells with the better potential in virus control were CD3-CD56dimNKG2A+ NK cells, negatively correlated with viral load, and TNK, responding positively to therapy. It is necessary to study in details for the developments of the immunotherapy in the future. Moreover, it will be interesting to maintain TReg activity beyond A2/F3 grade to prevent the formation of cirrhotic lesions. The measure of IFN expression before the treatment may be a good predicator of sustained viral response and provide better care for patients
Andrieux, Florian. "Rôle de la protéine PB1 dans la fidélité du complexe polymérase des virus influenza." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC216/document.
Full textInfluenza type A viruses (IAVs) belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family. The genome of these enveloped viruses consists of 8 single-stranded RNA segments of negative polarity. Each segment is encapsidated by oligomers of the nucleoprotein (NP) and associated with the viral polymerase complex, a heterotrimer composed of the PB1, PB2 and PA subunits to form the viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs). The PB1 protein is the catalytic subunit of the polymerase complex, harboring the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity. The vRNP represents the minimal functional unit for transcription and replication of the viral genome. Given the low fidelity and lack of proofreading activity of their polymerase, IAVs have a high mutation rate leading to the rapid development of viral populations with high genetic diversity, called quasispecies. Recent studies identified mutants with increased replication fidelity, due to single mutations in the PB1 subunit. As described with other RNA viruses, different mutations could have similar effects on the activity of the viral polymerase. To improve the characterization of the PB1 protein, we searched for other positions that may have a role on polymerase fidelity, nucleotide selectivity or complex processivity. For this purpose, random mutagenesis was used to generate libraries of mutated PB1 from influenza A virus subtypes H3N2 and H1N1pdm09, currently circulating in humans. From these libraries, transient reconstitution of functional vRNPs (minigenome) experiments were performed with ribavirin, a mutagenic nucleoside analog, to evaluate the polymerase activity. Upon selection based on the polymerase activity of successively subdivided libraries, PB1 mutations with increased polymerase activity in the presence of ribavirin relative to wild-type were identified in several regions of PB1. These mutations were specifically re-introduced in PB1 by directed mutagenesis. Their impact on polymerase activity was evaluated by minigenome experiments with and without ribavirin. Mutations with confirmed resistance against ribavirin were then introduced in the context of infectious virus by reverse genetics. Most corresponding mutant viruses could be rescued. Their growth characteristics were analysed in MDCK cells and compared to the corresponding wild-type viruses, in the presence or absence of ribavirin. Two mutants carrying two different mutations, located in distinct regions of the PB1 protein, displayed an improved capacity to resist ribavirin relative to the wild-type virus. Viral populations genetic diversity analysis by next-generation sequencing, using Illumina technology, will confirm whether the observed resistance against ribavirin is linked to an increase of the viral polymerase fidelity. This study provides insights into the PB1 domains involved in the activity and potentially the viral replication fidelity of two influenza A virus subtypes
Huor, Bonnie. "Impact of Ribavirin on Epithlial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT)." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119406.
Full textSelon le rapport annuel 2012 de Statistiques Canadiennes sur le Cancer, le cancer demeure une cause majeure de décès, avec 186 400 nouveaux diagnostics et 75 700 décès. Il y a perturbation de la fonction de la protéine eIF4E dans plusieurs de ces cas, incluant dans le cancer du sein. Notre laboratoire a accumulé un nombre considérable d'évidences préliminaires qui suggèrent qu'eIF4E, et spécialement sa protéine phosphorylée, joue un rôle dans la transition épithélio-mésenchymateuse (EMT) et dans la formation des métastases. De plus, nous avons récemment publié que le Ribavirin cible eIF4E et inhibe la croissance des cellules du cancer du sein. L'objectif principal de ce projet de thèse de maîtrise consistait à déterminer les effets du Ribavirin sur l'EMT. Nos données montrent que le Ribavirin atténue l'induction par le TGF- β1 de l'EMT dans les cellules NMuMG. La morphologie des cellules s'éloigne alors du phénotype mésenchymial, et une réduction de l'expression du marqueur mésenchymial Fibronectin est observé. D'une façon importante, les changements de phénotype normalement associé à l'EMT engendrée par le TGF- β1 sont inhibés par le Ribavirin. Les niveaux de pro-MMP9 sont notamment diminués en présence de Ribavirin, alors que celui-ci diminue aussi la capacité de guérison d'une plaie de 15%, telle que mesurée par la migration cellulaire. Par ailleurs, alors que TGF- β1 augmentent les niveaux d'ARNm de Snail, Ribavirin les diminue. Aussi, le Ribavirin réussi à modifier les caractéristiques mésenchymiales des cellules murines MT2186 et humaines MDA-MB-231 en les ramenant vers un phénotype similaire à celui d'une cellule épithéliale. Aussi, le Ribavirin inhibe de 30% et de 65% l'invasion cellulaire dans les cellules MT2186 et MDA-MB-231, respectivement. Pour ce qui est de l'effet du Ribavirin au niveau moléculaire, nos observations nous portent à croire que celui-ci diminue la formation de métastases en atténuant l'expression de Snail. Snail est un facteur de transcription qui module l'EMT en augmentant l'invasion et la prolifération cellulaire. La surexpression de Snail induit d'ailleurs une diminution de 50% de la prolifération cellulaire dans les cellules MDA-MB-231 et empêche le Ribavirin de diminuer la croissance cellulaire. Nos données préliminaires montrent que le Ribavirin peut inhiber l'invasion cellulaire des cellules MT2186 et MDA-MB-231. Cependant, la surexpression de Snail dans les cellules MDA-MB-231 empêche le Ribavirin d'inhiber l'invasion des ces cellules sur Matrigel. En plus, nous avons démontrés que Snail est régulé par la forme phosphorylée d'eIF4E en employant un modèle cellulaire de MEF présentant une forme non phosphorylée d'eIF4E. Ce modèle est dérivé d'une souris knock-in pour eIF4E (Serine 209 Alanine). En conclusion, l'ensemble des résultats présentés démontrent le besoin d'études supplémentaires pour éclaircir l'activité anti-métastasique du Ribavirin dans le cancer du sein. Notre laboratoire planifie d'ailleurs d'évaluer son efficacité in vivo chez un modèle murin de cancer du sein métastasique.
Gallois-Montbrun, Sarah. "Etude des kinases assurant l'activation cellulaire des inhibiteurs nucléosidiques utilisés dans les traitements antiviraux." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066122.
Full textAmaral, Karine Medeiros. "Efetividade comparativa de alfapeginterferona 2a e 2b associadas à ribavirina no tratamento de pacientes com hepatite C crônica genótipo 1 acompanhados em um serviço especializado do SUS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/30948.
Full textGonçalves, Candice Beatriz Treter. "Comparação das reações adversas do tratamento da hepatite crônica pelo vírus C com alfainterferona ou alfapeginterferona associados à ribavirina." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/18769.
Full textBaptista, Celia Regina. "Efeito terapeutico de virazole sobre os virus causadores do enrolamento da folha, anel do pimentão e tristeza dos citros." [s.n.], 1995. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315197.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Com o objetivo de estudar o efeito quimioterápico de Virazole (1-ß-Dribofuranosil -1,2,4 - triazol-3 - carboxamida) in vitro sobre vírus de plantas, dois modelos de estudo foram realizados. No primeiro utilizou-se calos de videira Vitis vinifera, Seibel 2, infectados com o vírus do enrolamento da folha da videira (VEFV), e calos de fumo Nicotiana tabacum "TNN" e Gomphrena globosa L. infectados com o vírus do anel do pimentão (VAP). No segundo, foi utilizado um modelo aplicado, visando a obtenção de plantas de limoeiro Galego Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swing) livres do vírus da tristeza dos citros "citrus tristeza virus" (CTV). Os objetivos específicos foram: 1) Testar o efeito do Virazole em calos cultivados in vitro, comparando: a) diferentes tipos de vírus (closterovirus e tobravirus) e b) efeito do. Virazole sobre um mesmo vírus em duas espécies de plantas hospedeiras. 2) Avaliar a possibilidade do uso de Virazole para obtenção de plantas cítricas livres do CTV por minienxertia realizada in vitro. Os resultados mostraram que o Virazole inibiu a multiplicação dos 3 vírus em estudo (VEFV, VAP e CTV), pertencentes a dois grupos distintos: closterovirus (VEFV e CTV) e tobravirus (V AP). A utilização de calos infectados com vírus e tratados com Virazole in vitro, mostrou ser um modelo de estudo eficiente para avaliar o efeito desse composto quimioterápico sobre vírus de planta. A indexação serológica; das amostras coletadas a cada subcultura dos calos permitiu acompanhar a evolução do conteúdo de vírus no decorrer de várias subculturas sucessivas. Os resultados mostraram de modo geral, que a quantidade de vírus presente varia muito pouco nas culturas de calos mantidas em ausência de Virazole. As concentrações mais baixas utilizadas não inibiram a multiplicação dos vírus, ao passo que concentrações mais altas do produto provocaram uma diminuição progressiva da concentração de vírus a cada subcultura até que as partículas virais não foram mais detectadas nos testes serológicos. O desenvolvimento da cultura foi afetado por concentrações altas de Virazole, sendo que algumas concentrações foram fitotóxicas, dependendo da planta e do tecido tratado. Em calos de videira infectados com VEFV o significativa a replicação do vírus. A inibição foi proporcional Virazole inibiu de maneira à concentração do produto utilizada. À 50 ppm não foram detectadas partículas virais nos testes serológicos. O Virazole atuou rapidamente em diminuir a concentração do VEFV à um nível baixo em calos em proliferação, porém, um longo período de incubação foi necessário para obter completa supressão dos vírus. Esses resultados são consistentes com a possibilidade de que a atividade antiviral do Virazole se manifesta por sua ação na síntese de novas partículas mais do que uma inativação direta dos vírus existentes. O Virazole foi capaz de inibir a multiplicação do V AP em calos de fumo, mas não em calos de G. globosa. Em fumo a concentração de 200 ppm eliminou os vírus presentes nos calos, enquanto que em calos de G. globosa o Virazole não foi efetivo em nenhuma das concentrações testadas. Possivelmente essas plantas apresentam vias metabólicas alternativas para a replicação do RNA viral ( e não aquela inibida pelo Virazole). A eficiência do Virazole em eliminar o V AP foi também dependente do estágio de desenvolvimento dos tecidos tratados. O Virazole inibiu a multiplicação de vírus quando pedaços de folhas foram utilizados como explantes, porém, ocorreu pouca ou nenhuma inibição quando células de calos não organizados foram tratadas com Virazole. O Virazole inibiu a multiplicação do CTV à concentração de 200 ppm. Essa inibição foi verificada pela ausência de sintomas específicos do vírus da tristeza nas plantas obtidas. As plantas cresceram tão bem quanto as plantas sadias. O Virazole não foi efetivo à 100 ppm. Nessa concentração o vírus provocou paralisação do crescimento das plantas e as folhas apresentaram sintomas de palidez das nervuras, específicos da doença. Esses resultados foram confirmados por ELISA e "Western-blot". Com bases nesses resultados, conclui-se que o Virazole é um quimioterápico eficiente para a obtenção de plantas livres de vírus, dependendo da espécie vegetal, do vírus envolvido e das condições de tratamento
Mestrado
Fisiologia Vegetal
Mestre em Ciências Biológicas
Artico, Simara. "A efetividade do retratamento com alfapeginterferona em pacientes portadores de hepatite viral crônica C genótipo 2 e 3 em um serviço especializado da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/30946.
Full textCook, Arlene Jane. "The role of leukotrienes in diseases causing chronic airway obstruction in children." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244248.
Full textStefano, José Tadeu. "Efeito do interferon-alfa sobre a expressão de genes do sistema IGF em pacientes portadores de hepatite C." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-08102014-142922/.
Full textThe current investigation aimed to study the role of the GH-IGF-IGFBP axis in liver tissue and in T and B lymphocytes in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) before and after therapeutic regimen based on interferon alfa-2a or alfa-2b (3 million U SC 3x/wk) and ribavirin (1000-1200 mg qid). It has been shown that IGF-I plays an important role in the modulation of the immune response, besides its role as a growth factor for the immunologic cells. It also presents a predictive value in the evaluation of the hepatic reserve of these patients. Among 80 patients enrolled for this investigation, 39 began treatment with interferon-? and ribavirin, according to an established protocol. Two patients were excluded during treatment due to severe depressive disorders accompanied by suicidal thoughts and 2 patients died. Of the 35 patients who concluded the treatment, 18 eventually presented virological response. Of these, 15 (43%) maintained sustained virological response (SVR). The levels of AST and ALT enzymes in both pre and post-treatment periods were statistically different for both patients with SVR and those who did not present such response. In the group with SVR, aminotransferases basal levels were statistically lower when compared to the group of patients without SVR. In the group of non-responsive patients, the average of the scores of parenchyma activity was statistically lower in post-treatment period when compared to pre-treatment period. Furthermore, comparing post-treatment periods in both groups with and without SVR, the average of the scores of parenchyma activity was statistically lower in the group without SVR when compared to the group with SVR. Mean plasma concentrations of free IGF-I before treatment in patients who eventually achieved SVR was statistically higher in comparison to the group of non-responsive patients. Mean plasma concentrations of IGFBP3 were statistically higher in the group with RVS when compared to the group of patients without SVR. An increase of IGF-IR mRNA content was observed in hepatic tissue from all patients with CHC in comparison to normal liver. These results were confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis for the IGF-IR. IGF-IR mRNA content in liver tissue samples from patients who achieved SVR after treatment was statistically lower than that observed before treatment There was not statistical difference between IGF-I mRNA content in hepatic tissues from both groups of patients with and without SVR, in pre and post-treatment periods. IGF-I mRNA expression in T lymphocytes from patients with SVR was statistically higher in comparison to the non-responsive group of patients, considering both pre and post-treatment periods altogether. No statistical difference was observed in IGF-IR mRNA expression in both groups of patients with and without SVR, in pre and post-treatment periods. The statistical analysis did not disclose any statistically significant differences in IGF-I or IGF-IR mRNA expressions in B lymphocytes from patients with or without SVR, in pre and post-treatment periods. A decrease in hepatic IGF-IR mRNA content observed in patients who achieved SVR after therapy, suggested an improvement in hepatic damage. The hypothesis that the INF-? affects components of the IGF system contributing to these findings could not be discarded. However, it is unlike that these effects would play relevant role because any differences were observed in the hepatic IGF-IR mRNA expression in non-responsive patients. It remains to be elucidated whether IGF-IR up-regulation would be involved in hepatocyte regeneration or CHC would result from direct activation of IGF-IR gene by HCV and/or as a consequence of chronic aggression to hepatic parenchyma. Plasma concentration of free IGF-I >1.35 ng/ml was considered to be a predictive response to the treatment of hepatitis C with a probability ratio (odds ratio) of 17.33±1.02 (confidence interval: 2.26 -127.34)
Zhang, Ling. "Effect of ribavirin on acute and persistent human coronavirus infection, in vitro." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5362.
Full textLindahl, Karin. "Ribavirin - dose and concentration in treatment of chronic hepatitis C infected patients /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-348-5/.
Full textScuderi, Laura. "Pegylated-interferon and ribavirin therapy of hvc-related type II mixed cryoglobulenemia." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1115.
Full textSanches, Carolina Dias de Campos [UNESP]. "Análise histopatológica e imunoistoquímica de encéfalo de cães com cinomose tratados com ribavirina." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90731.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
A cinomose é uma doença infecto-contagiosa viral, sistêmica e letal causada pelo Morbilivírus que acomete cães de todas as idades e apresenta sinais clínicos respiratórios, gastrintestinais, dermatológicos, oftálmicos e neurológicos, que podem ocorrer sequencialmente ou isoladamente. Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar lesões encefálicas utilizando a histopatologia e avaliar a quantidade de vírus pela imunoistoquímica em cães tratados com Ribavirina na dose de 30mg/Kg por via oral uma vez ao dia por 15 dias e animais não tratados com esse fármaco, e que devido a evolução desfavorável da doença foram eutanasiados. Os animais foram atendidos e tratados durante a rotina do Setor de Enfermidades Infecciosas dos Animais Domésticos- FMVZ- UNESP/ Botucatu, SP. A análise histopatológica constituiu na avaliação de córtex cerebral, cerebelo, tálamo, tronco encefálico, hipocampo e visualização de manguitos perivasculares em meninges. A partir dessas regiões foi possível identificar e classificar lesões como: desmielinização; presença de manguitos perivasculares, edema, necrose neuronal, alterações vasculares (congestão, hemorragia e trombose) e alterações inflamatórias (meningite, meningoencefalite e meningoencefalomielite). Foi observado que a desmielinização se manteve altamente presente nos dois grupos, e que quando comparados estatisticamente não existe diferença significante entre os grupos, assim como na formação de manguitos perivasculares. Houve diminuição considerável do edema em todas as estruturas avaliadas, e a ribavirina® se mostrou eficaz na redução da inflamação encefálica, assim como a necrose neuronal foi menor em quase todas as estruturas avaliadas no grupo tratado, com exceção do tálamo. A análise estatística comparativa da marcação viral entre os grupos se mostrou significante somente para o cerebelo, tálamo e tronco encefálico
Distemper is a viral infectious disease, caused by systemic and lethal morbillivirus that affects dogs of all ages and clinical signs respiratory, gastrointestinal, dermatological, ophthalmic and neurological disorders, which may occur sequentially or separately. This study aimed to compare brain lesions using histopathology and assess the amount of virus by immunohistochemistry in dogs treated with Ribavirin at a dose of 30mg/Kg orally once daily for 15 days and animals not treated with this drug, and that due to the unfavorable development of the disease were euthanized. The animals were treated and handled during routine Division of Infectious Diseases of Domestic Animals-FMVZ-UNESP / Botucatu, SP. Histopathologic analysis was to evaluate the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, thalamus, brainstem, hippocampus and viewing perivascular cuffs in the meninges. From these regions it was possible to identify and classify lesions such as demyelination, the presence of perivascular cuffing, edema, neuronal necrosis, vascular changes (congestion, hemorrhage and thrombosis) and inflammatory changes (meningitis, meningoencephalitis and meningo-encephalomyelitis). It was observed that the demyelination remained strongly present in both groups, and compared statistically no significant difference between groups, as well as the formation of perivascular cuffs. There was a considerable decrease of the edema measured in all structures, and ribavirin ® was effective in reducing brain inflammation, and neuronal necrosis was lower in almost all structures evaluated in the group treated with the exception of the thalamus. The comparative statistical analysis of the viral marking between groups was significant only for the cerebellum, thalamus and brainstem
Sanches, Carolina Dias de Campos. "Análise histopatológica e imunoistoquímica de encéfalo de cães com cinomose tratados com ribavirina /." Botucatu, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90731.
Full textBanca: Marcio Garcia Ribeiro
Banca: Osimar de Carvalho Sanches
Resumo: A cinomose é uma doença infecto-contagiosa viral, sistêmica e letal causada pelo Morbilivírus que acomete cães de todas as idades e apresenta sinais clínicos respiratórios, gastrintestinais, dermatológicos, oftálmicos e neurológicos, que podem ocorrer sequencialmente ou isoladamente. Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar lesões encefálicas utilizando a histopatologia e avaliar a quantidade de vírus pela imunoistoquímica em cães tratados com Ribavirina na dose de 30mg/Kg por via oral uma vez ao dia por 15 dias e animais não tratados com esse fármaco, e que devido a evolução desfavorável da doença foram eutanasiados. Os animais foram atendidos e tratados durante a rotina do Setor de Enfermidades Infecciosas dos Animais Domésticos- FMVZ- UNESP/ Botucatu, SP. A análise histopatológica constituiu na avaliação de córtex cerebral, cerebelo, tálamo, tronco encefálico, hipocampo e visualização de manguitos perivasculares em meninges. A partir dessas regiões foi possível identificar e classificar lesões como: desmielinização; presença de manguitos perivasculares, edema, necrose neuronal, alterações vasculares (congestão, hemorragia e trombose) e alterações inflamatórias (meningite, meningoencefalite e meningoencefalomielite). Foi observado que a desmielinização se manteve altamente presente nos dois grupos, e que quando comparados estatisticamente não existe diferença significante entre os grupos, assim como na formação de manguitos perivasculares. Houve diminuição considerável do edema em todas as estruturas avaliadas, e a ribavirina® se mostrou eficaz na redução da inflamação encefálica, assim como a necrose neuronal foi menor em quase todas as estruturas avaliadas no grupo tratado, com exceção do tálamo. A análise estatística comparativa da marcação viral entre os grupos se mostrou significante somente para o cerebelo, tálamo e tronco encefálico
Abstract: Distemper is a viral infectious disease, caused by systemic and lethal morbillivirus that affects dogs of all ages and clinical signs respiratory, gastrointestinal, dermatological, ophthalmic and neurological disorders, which may occur sequentially or separately. This study aimed to compare brain lesions using histopathology and assess the amount of virus by immunohistochemistry in dogs treated with Ribavirin at a dose of 30mg/Kg orally once daily for 15 days and animals not treated with this drug, and that due to the unfavorable development of the disease were euthanized. The animals were treated and handled during routine Division of Infectious Diseases of Domestic Animals-FMVZ-UNESP / Botucatu, SP. Histopathologic analysis was to evaluate the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, thalamus, brainstem, hippocampus and viewing perivascular cuffs in the meninges. From these regions it was possible to identify and classify lesions such as demyelination, the presence of perivascular cuffing, edema, neuronal necrosis, vascular changes (congestion, hemorrhage and thrombosis) and inflammatory changes (meningitis, meningoencephalitis and meningo-encephalomyelitis). It was observed that the demyelination remained strongly present in both groups, and compared statistically no significant difference between groups, as well as the formation of perivascular cuffs. There was a considerable decrease of the edema measured in all structures, and ribavirin ® was effective in reducing brain inflammation, and neuronal necrosis was lower in almost all structures evaluated in the group treated with the exception of the thalamus. The comparative statistical analysis of the viral marking between groups was significant only for the cerebellum, thalamus and brainstem
Mestre