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Journal articles on the topic 'Rice field rat'
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Fujilestari, Arief Yana, and Swastiko Priyambodo. "The Effect of Mealworm as an Additional Bait to the Consumption of Malaysian Field Rat (Rattus tiomanicus) and Rice Field Rat (Rattus argentiventer)." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science IX, no. X (2024): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.51584/ijrias.2024.910009.
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Rats is one of the important pest to human life, both in the agriculture and plantation, include rice field rat in rice and malaysian field rat in oilpalm. Various tactics and strategies have been conducted to control population of rat, one of them used poisonous bait (rodenticide). The attractiveness of poisonous bait is very important because rats do not like taste of the active ingredients of rodenticide. The aims of this research was to investigate the influence of mealworm (larvae of Tenebrio molitor) to the consumption of bait and poisonous bait. Therefore, it can increase the effective control to malaysian and rice field rat. There are four trial step in this research with choice test method. First trial, malaysian rat consumed more broken rice, while rice rat consumed more unhulled rice. Secondly, malaysian rat consumed more mealworm and broken rice, otherwise rice rat consumed more unhulled rice. Thirdly, the consumption of malaysian rat to mealworm showed significantlty difference with brodifacoum, while rice rat showed no difference. Fourthly, the consumption of malaysian rat to mealworm showed no significantly difference with bromadiolone, while rice rat showed difference. To increase the consumption of malaysian and rice field rats on rodenticides containing brodifacoum and bromadiolone, mealworm can be added as a flavoring to the rodenticide. By adding mealworm to rodenticide with a mixture of poisonous bait specifically for rats and placed in a special place for rats, it will increase rat’s consumption to the point of killing them, while not inviting non-target animals to consume it and save to the environment.
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Gunada, Reza Rama, Swastiko Priyambodo, and Dadan Hindayana. "Analysis of Rice Field Rat (Rattus argentiventer) Attacks After Owl (Tyto alba) Application in Karawang Regency, West Java." Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) 14, no. 2 (2025): 341. https://doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v14i2.341-351.
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Environmentally friendly control using biological methods for rice field rats is currently being carried out, one of which is using the natural enemy of rice field rats, namely the owl predator which can control rice field rat pests without damaging rice and land or causing pollution. This research aims to evaluate the value of losses experienced by farmers caused by rice field rat pests in Karawang Regency, analyze farmers' perceptions and behavior towards controlling rice field rat pests using owls, implementation of rice field rat pest control in Karawang Regency, and policy priorities that can be implemented and taken to optimize the sustainable use of owls in the context of controlling rice field rat pests in Karawang Regency. The method used is a survey and field observation which includes observing the number of active rat nests, calculating the percentage of attacks, calculating the number of owls after introduction, calculating crop production, and farmers' perceptions of controlling field rats using owls, as well as data analysis. Results showed that the use of owls is effective in controlling rice field rat pests, this is shown by the correlation between the high number of owls and the reduced level of rat attacks in rice field areas. Keywords: Ricefield rat, Owl, Policy, Predator, Rice.
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Guruh, Satria Wibowo, and Priyambodo Swastiko. "Feed Preference Tests of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Rodenticide to Tree Rat, House Rat, and Rice Field Rat." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURE RESEARCH 03, no. 01 (2024): 27–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10499703.
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ABSTRACT Rats are wild animals that coexistence with humans. The losses caused by these rats are damage to house building, agriculture, and plantation. Knowledge of the feed as bait and lure is very important in rat control, particulary with rodenticides and traps. The aim of this research was to find out feed preference to three species of rats and effect of feed availabili-ty toward rodenticide consumption. Tree rat (<em>R</em><em>attus</em><em> tiomanicus</em>), house rat (<em>R</em><em>.</em> <em>tanezumi</em>), and rice field rat (<em>R. argentiventer</em>) were tested with four stages i.e. (a) type of carbohydrate sources, (b) type of protein sources, (c) combination of carbohydrate and protein, and (d) carbohydrate, protein, and rodenticide. The method used was choice test. Carbohydrate tested were corn, rice, unhulled rice (grain), and oat. Protein were cricket, frog, fish, and mouse. Rodenticide (brodifacoum 0.005%) was tested to the rat. Each feed and rodenticide are weighed before and after testing to analyze the preference of rats. The data analyzed using <em>SAS program for windows</em> version 9.0, a further test with Duncan multiple range test with α = 5% and 1%. Unhulled rice (grain) and cricket were the kind of feed that most preferred or highest palatable by test animals. The existence of feed causes the lower consumption of brodifacoum rodenticide by three species of rats.
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Patel, R. K., A. K. Awasthi, and O. P. Dubey. "Rat Damage in Ricefields Under Dry Field Conditions in Madhya Pradesh (MP), India." International Rice Research Newsletter 17, no. 4 (1992): 21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7218945.
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This article 'Rat Damage in Ricefields Under Dry Field Conditions in Madhya Pradesh (MP), India' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Sudarmaji, Sudarmaji, Arlyna Budi Pustika, Kiki Yolanda, Evy Pujiastuti, Tri Martini, and Alexander Stuart. "The Occupancy of Barn Owl in the Artificial Nest Box to Control Rice Field Rat in Yogyakarta Indonesia." PLANTA TROPIKA: Jurnal Agrosains (Journal of Agro Science) 9, no. 2 (2021): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/pt.v9i2.10893.
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One component of integrated rat management in rice fields is barn owl as biological control. The study was conducted to evaluate the occupancy rate of barn owl nest boxes, the local rat population, and rat damage to rice crops. It was conducted in three locations in Yogyakarta by observing 10 nest boxes per site. Assessment of their occupancy was monitored by barn owl presence in nest box (egg, chick, and adult) and natural nests in villages nearby. In comparison with control village, the local rat population was observed by the active burrow count method and linear trap barrier systems. Rat damage intensity is estimated by sampling 150 tillers using a stratified sampling approach. The result indicated that 1-4 nest boxes were occupied per location. The owls also nested within buildings nearby. Active burrows ranged from 4 to 25 burrows per 150 m. The rat damage area ranged from 33.33% - 48.57% with 6.33% - 14.86% damage intensity was significantly lower than the control site. Artificial nest box installation for owls in rice fields were only occupied for breeding. The use of barn owls for biological control of rice field rats should be combined with other methods in an integrated approach.
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Jacob, Jens, Sudarmaji, Grant R. Singleton, Rahmini, Nur A. Herawati, and Peter R. Brown. "Ecologically based management of rodents in lowland irrigated rice fields in Indonesia." Wildlife Research 37, no. 5 (2010): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr10030.
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Context. Overabundant rodents cause considerable crop damage and, in developing countries of South-east Asia, rodents can be an obstacle to attempts at alleviating poverty. Management is often based on the use of chemicals that can harm non-target species. Therefore, an effective and environmentally benign management approach such as ecologically based rodent management (EBRM) is desirable. Aims. We compared the effectiveness of EBRM to that of conventional management on populations of rice-field rats (Rattus argentiventer). Methods. The study was conducted as a large-scale replicated field trial in lowland irrigated rice fields in West Java, Indonesia. EBRM actions included habitat manipulations, removal of rats with trap barrier systems, coordinated rat-control campaigns and synchrony of cropping on the village level. We measured abundance, population structure, and breeding of rice-field rats as well as rice production and crop damage caused by rats. Key results.Although there was no overall effect of the EBRM treatment on rat abundance, we found decreasing rat abundance in rice-field habitats at the late cropping stage in treated villages and a decrease in body size of rats. In addition, we found fewer reproducing females when EBRM was applied than with the application of conventional methods, whereas male reproductive condition did not decrease. Overall, there was a reduction in mean crop damage when EBRM was applied (4.4 ± 0.4% in treatments v. 2.5 ± 0.4% in experimental controls), which translated into 6% higher rice production. Conclusions. The results demonstrated that EBRM is an appropriate approach to manage overabundant rodents in irrigated lowland rice-based agro-ecosystems and possibly in other agro-ecosystems. This will provide substantial benefits for smallholder farming communities in developing countries and most likely benefits for ecosystem health. Implications. The EBRM approach should be used routinely in irrigated lowland rice crops that are at risk of damage by rice-field rats.
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Saputra, Bubun Afif Hidayat Aziz, Dewi Sartiami, Suryo Wiyono, Ali Nurmansyah, and Swastiko Priyambodo. "Daily Captured Pattern of Rice Field Rat Using Trap Barrier System Application in Fallow Land." Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 27, no. 1 (2023): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpti.77117.
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Rice (Oryza sativa) is an important staple crop for more than half of the world's population to fulfill required nutrients. The most important pest in rice crops is the field rat (Rattus argentiventer), which causes damage and significant yield losses during almost every growing season. One method of rat control is the Trap Barrier System (TBS) which consists of fences, mass/multiple live traps, and trap crops and was able to continuously catch rats during the growing season. The objectives of this study were to count rat captured in TBS during one planting season in fallow lands, identify attack source, and calculate rat damage intensity. The study was conducted on one hectare of rice field and number of rat caught were observed daily. Results showed that 4,580 rats were caught, consisting of 57% males and 43% females, with 94% adults and 6% juveniles. Average rat damage intensity was 15% and the highest number of rats caught were in trap 8, 9, and 10 which were located on the north side and had many suitable shelters for rats.
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Solikhin, Solikhin, and Purnomo Purnomo. "PREFERENSI TIKUS SAWAH (RATTUS-RATTUS ARGENTIVENTER) DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP POLA KERUSAKAN PADI VARIETAS DODOKAN DAN CIANJUR." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 8, no. 1 (2011): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.1823-30.
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Paddyfield Rat (Rattus-rattus argentiventer) Preference and Its Impact on The Damage Pattern of Dodokan and Cianjur Rice Cultivar. A field experiment was conducted during the dry season of 2006 in Central Lampung to evaluate the preference of paddyfield rat (Rattus-rattus argentiventer) to Dodokan and Cianjur rice cultivars in the rice field and its impact on the damage pattern caused by the rat’s attack. The experiment of six treatments and 3 replications were arranged in a randomized completely block design. Each treatment consisted of two rice cultivars i.e. Cisadane and Dodokan. Dodokan cultivar was planted in centre of each experimental unit, surrounded by Cianjur, forming six different patterns (formations) as treatment. All experimental units then were exposed to natural paddyfield rat population. Weekly observations on both cultivars were made to record the damage caused by the rat from 30 to 84 day after transplanting. Aerial view of all treatments were also taken at 84 days after transplanting (a week prior to harvest). The result showed that the paddyfield rat significantly prefered Dodokan rice cultivar to Cianjur. Eventually, the preference of the rat influenced the damage pattern of Dodokan rice cultivar, showed by some unique aerial views of the plot.
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Brotodjojo, RR Rukmowati, Ikhsan Lazuardi, and Antik Suprihanti. "Population Distribution of Rats (Rattus argentiventer) and the Damage Intensity on Rice and Other Crops in Pleret, Yogyakarta, Indonesia." JPT JURNAL PROTEKSI TANAMAN (JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION) 7, no. 2 (2023): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jpt.7.2.115-126.2023.
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Rice field rats is one of the main pests of rice in Indonesia and other Asian countries that can cause a crop failure. The availability food sources might affect the rat foraging in the field. The research aimed to determine the distribution of rat population and their nests in the field with different crop and to examine the level of crop damage caused by rats. The research was conducted from January to April 2023 in Pleret district, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The 1000 m2 TBS (Trap Barrier System) was installed in the middle of the 225 ha observation area to trap rats. Crop damage inside TBS was observed using a diagonal sampling method. Crop damage outside TBS was observed using the line transect method in the 4 cardinal directions with a distance of 250m, 500m, and 750m from TBS. Rat nest’s locations were mapped using GPS. The results showed that the number of rats trapped was low in the early and late stage of rice growth and peaked when the rice aged 12 weeks after planting (WAP). Rice crop damage inside TBS occurred when rice entered 12 WAP. There was no damage on rice crops around the TBS. Rats also attacked corn and sugarcane which caused heavy damage to these crops. There were 157 active holes found in 225ha observation area and they mostly were found in rice field bunds, irrigation embankments, and vacant land. This study implied that understanding the distribution of rat’s population and their nest will support the rat control.
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Haddina, Ummu, Swastiko Priyambodo, and Dadan Hindayana. "Rat Population Increase And Damage To Rice Plantations With Different Irrigation Systems In Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi Province." Asian Journal of Social and Humanities 2, no. 2 (2023): 1768–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v2i2.181.
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One of the rice producing regions in Indonesia is South Sulawesi. Wajo Regency is the second highest rice producing area in South Sulawesi, after Bone Regency. Based on the irrigation system, rice cultivation in Wajo Regency consists of technical irrigation, rainfed rice fields, and rice cultivation or dry land. Agriculture with various irrigation systems has an impact on pest population levels and the intensity of attacks. The decline in rice productivity is caused by many factors, one of which is the attack of rice rat pests that occur in several areas in Wajo Regency. There are several techniques and strategies for field rat management, ranging from sanitation, technical culture or plant cultivation, mechanical, biological, and chemical physical. All techniques and strategies of rice rat management must be applied integrated, continuously, and together in one stretch. This study aims to measure the potential presence of rice rats in several irrigation systems in Wajo Regency (irrigation, rainfed rice fields, and dryland rice), analyze the management of rice rats carried out by farmers, and the factors that affect it. The method used is observing rice planting patterns based on irrigation systems, estimating the population level of rice rats with single live traps and the level of attack on several rice planting irrigation systems. Likewise, rice rat population management in several rice planting irrigation systems, data analysis, and economic analysis. The result of this study is that the highest estimate of rats is in dryland rice plantations. The intensity of rat attacks was highest in dry land Pr>F 0.045 the area of attack was highest in rainfed land Pr>F was 0.0171, for intensity and area of attack in generative phase 1. The success of cultivation in dry land was 16.3% in generative phase 1 which was 16.48%. The presence of rats correlates both the intensity of the attack and the area of each addition of rats will increase the intensity of the attack by 0.155% and the area of attack by 0.308%.
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Antolin, M. M., R. C. Joshi, L. S. Sebastian, L. V. Marquez, U. G. Duque, and C. J. Domingo. "Endo- and ectoparasites of the Philippine rice field rat, Rattus tanezumi Temminck, on PhilRice farms." International Rice Research Notes 31, no. 1 (2006): 26–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7005731.
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This article 'Endo- and ectoparasites of the Philippine rice field rat, Rattus tanezumi Temminck, on PhilRice farms' appeared in the International Rice Research Notes series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and rice-based systems. The series is a mechanism to help scientists keep each other informed of current rice research findings. The concise scientific notes are meant to encourage rice scientists to communicate with one another to obtain details on the research reported.
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Phung, Nguyen Thi My, Peter R. Brown, and Luke K. P. Leung. "Changes in population abundance, reproduction and habitat use of the rice-field rat, Rattus argentiventer, in relation to rice-crop growth stage in a lowland rice agroecosystem in Vietnam." Wildlife Research 39, no. 3 (2012): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11153.
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Context Rice-field rodent pests cause substantial economic losses in Asia. In Vietnam, the rice-field rat (Rattus argentiventer) causes 5–10% annual pre-harvest loss in rice yield. A sound ecological knowledge of this species would be useful for developing strategies for managing this pest. Aims We tested the hypotheses that there would be changes in the population abundance, breeding performance and habitat use of R. argentiventer in response to rice-crop growth stage. Methods Capture–mark–recapture and kill trapping and spool-and-line tracking were used to assess population abundance, breeding and habitat use in different rice-bank habitats, at 3–5-week intervals, through a 2-month flooding period and a rice cropping season. The study was conducted between October 2008 and April 2009 in An Giang Province in The Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Key results The population abundance of R. argentiventer was significantly related to rice-crop growth stage and rice-bank habitat. More rats were captured after harvest (P < 0.001) and more were captured in the large and medium-sized banks (P < 0.05). The breeding performance of adult females responded to rice-crop growth stage (P = 0.006). When rice cover was sparse, adult females were located in the burrows during the day, whereas when the cover became abundant, adult females remained in the fields during both the day and at night time. After harvest, rats returned to utilise burrows along rice-field banks. Conclusions and implications (1) Rat control activities should be conducted prior to the seedling stage of the rice crop, before the onset of breeding and when vegetative cover is sparse, allowing the animals to be targeted in their burrows; and (2) vegetation on the rice-field banks should be cut to <10 cm to limit the availability of suitable nesting habitat in large and medium-sized banks.
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Widanti, Nurdina, Aditya Alamsyah, Actor Albus, et al. "Design Smart Farming in Rice Field for Monitoring Soil Fertility and Pest Rate Using Internet of Things." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 10, no. 8 (2024): 5782–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i8.8288.
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Rice fields in Indonesia have a strategic role in providing food for the Indonesian population. The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) noted that domestic rice consumption also continues to increase, 98.35% of households in Indonesia consume rice. There are many influencing factors for production rice such as pest, climate change. The aim to optimize rice production by monitoring soil moisture and soil pH and adding protection features to detect rat pests. This tool was built using an Internet of Things-based system integration method, where the system output can be monitored on the blynk and email applications for the reading history of rat pests if they are caught on camera. The results obtained from the system are Soil moisture sensor readings have a system accuracy of 99% with an error value of 0.01. And the pH sensor reading has an accuracy of 99% with an error of 0.015. The most optimal PIR sensor reading is 1 meter and this data is sent simultaneously with the camera sensor via email. Monitoring data on rice agricultural land by adding rat pest protection features, as well as historical data can be captured wellcan provide a strong basis for the development of more effective and sustainable.
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Wahyuni, Hafnes, Julia Syahriani Hasibuan, and R. B. Moh Ibrahim. "Farmer Community Empowerment Through Training on Making Simple Rice Husk Briquettes to Control Rice Rat Pest." ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 7, no. 2 (2022): 598–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/abdimastalenta.v7i2.7692.
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Rats are one of the main pests of rice plants. The problem of rat pests is often a factor that can reduce agricultural production, especially rice plant. Kota Datar village, Hamparan Perak District, is one of the areas where rice is grown a lot. One alternative that can anticipate the problem of environmentally friendly field mice is to encourage farmers to make briquettes from rice husks. This service was carried out in August-October in the Kota Datar village, Hamparan Perak District, Deli Serdang Regency. The results obtained are to find a solution for controlling rice rat pests that are environmentally friendly by utilizing rice husk leftover from rice milling, namely making simple briquettes
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Xu, Z., D. M. Stoddart, H. Ding, and J. Zhang. "Self-Anointing Behavior in the Rice-Field Rat, Rattus rattoides." Journal of Mammalogy 76, no. 4 (1995): 1238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1382617.
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Aprilia, Lupita, Yonny Koesmaryono, and Swastiko Priyambodo. "Potential Attack of Rice Field Rat (Rattus argentiventer) on Rice Crops Based on Climate Factors in Karawang Regency, West Java, Indonesia." JPT Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman (Journal of Plant Protection) 8, no. 2 (2024): 63–77. https://doi.org/10.25077/jpt.8.2.63-77.2024.
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The production of rice is closely related to the presence of pests, one of which is the rice field rat (Rattus argentiventer). The development of pests that attack plants is influenced by the dynamics of climate factors, both directly and indirectly. The climate in Karawang Regency is highly suitable for the growth of R. argentiventer. In the rice - rice - intercrop cropping pattern, climate factors have strong influence on the infestation of rice field rats during the intercrop season. Meanwhile, climate factors have low influence during the rice monocrop season. Based on CLIMEX output, the altitude difference in Karawang Regency does not have a significant effect on the environment suitability for the growth and development of rice field rats, allowing them to live in any rice field in Karawang Regency. Based on climate scenarios, the suitability of the climate in Karawang Regency for the potential growth and development of rice field rats is projected to decrease in the 2070s. Increasing temperatures and decreasing rainfall cause the rice field rats to experience dry stress.
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Wibowo, Lestari, I. Gede Swibawa, and Tejo Muryanto. "PENGGUNAAN PERANGKAP UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAMA TIKUS SAWAH (RATTUS RATTUS ARGENTIVENTER)." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 3, no. 1 (2003): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.1317-20.
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The use of traps to control lowland rats. The lowland rat (Rattus rattus argentiventer ) is one of the importance pests of rice in Indonesia. The rat may cause serious damage on rice and other crops. This study was aimed to determine the affectivity of rat trappings. Traps were set in Pekalongan Central Lampung, from October to December 2002. The treatments were arranged in a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design. The first factor was the type of traps (bamboo trap and wired “bubu” trap) while the second factor was the location of traps (rice field, swamp, tertiary irrigation canal, and rice plot borders). The catches show that there were no interaction between the trap type and trap location. In addition, more rats were caught in bamboo than those in wired “bubu” trap. The highest number of rat catches was from the swamp area.
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Xuan, Thuy, Tiuen Yen, and Tuyet Caugh. "Understanding Farmer and Government Measure in Rat Pests Control in Rice Fields." Journal La Lifesci 2, no. 2 (2021): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journallalifesci.v2i2.373.
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This paper discusses the control of rat pets through highlighting its population growth, ecosystem, types and possible mechanism to use. During extended periods of fallow, rice field rats tend to congregate in escape places (refuge regions) such as bushes, yards, or rice warehouses. Rice plants suffered damage equivalent to five times their feeding requirements when rats were present. Rats damage plants from the tiller stage to the maximal tiller stages by devouring the growth point and the soft base of the stem while leaving the other portions of the plant unharmed. Without intensive control efforts (since the start of MT1), the rat population density on MT2 is confirmed to be higher and poses a serious threat to the success of MT2 harvesting. In one rice growing season, there is one population peak so in the rice-paddy-fallow cropping pattern there are two (2) population peaks.
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Sarra, Soungalo, and Dick Peters. "Rice yellow mottle virus Is Transmitted by Cows, Donkeys, and Grass Rats in Irrigated Rice Crops." Plant Disease 87, no. 7 (2003): 804–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.7.804.
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Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV), endemic in Africa, is believed to be spread by chrysomelid beetles, although the infections in a field often cannot be explained by the prevailing number of beetles. We show that the grass rat Arvicanthis niloticus, domestic cows (Bos spp.), and donkeys (Asinus spp.) are potent and efficient transmitters of RYMV. Spread of RYMV by rats was demonstrated in cage experiments wherein individual rats transmitted the virus from healthy to infected rice plants and confirmed in a field experiment. Experiments with cows and donkeys showed that they could transmit the virus in plots with healthy and infected plants and to plots with healthy plants. A high percentage of seedlings became infected when a cow grazed in a seedbed after being fed with infected rice plants. Transmission also was observed when cows were allowed to graze on the stubble of infected fields. The disease incidence increased at least fourfold over time to approximately 36% of the plants infected in the experimental plots of two stubble fields. The results obtained in these stubble fields suggest that cattle-mediated spread will enhance the size of the virus load in the contraseason and the infection potential to infect the next crop.
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Mill, Alan E. "Putting the Farmer First in Rice Rat Control." Outlook on Agriculture 22, no. 2 (1993): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709302200209.
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Field rodents are serious pests of growing rice throughout South-east Asia. Traditional control measures by smallholders involve excessive use of rodenticides and are largely unsuccessful. During the past decade, government agencies and international organizations have developed Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programmes, to minimize farmers’ reliance on rodenticides. Their integrated rice rat control scheme combines habitat manipulation, correct use of rodenticides and a practical, farmer-operated surveillance process. The scheme has worked well in different rice agroecosystems throughout Indonesia and is ready for adoption on a wider scale.
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Stuart, Alexander M., Colin V. Prescott, and Grant R. Singleton. "Natal nest locations of the Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi) in lowland rice–coconut cropping systems: a coconut penthouse or rice bunds with water frontage?" Wildlife Research 39, no. 6 (2012): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11197.
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Context Rattus tanezumi is a serious crop pest within the island of Luzon, Philippines. In intensive flood-irrigated rice field ecosystems of Luzon, female R. tanezumi are known to primarily nest within the tillers of ripening rice fields and along the banks of irrigation canals. The nesting habits of R. tanezumi in complex rice–coconut cropping systems are unknown. Aims To identify the natal nest locations of R. tanezumi females in rice–coconut systems of the Sierra Madre Biodiversity Corridor (SMBC), Luzon, during the main breeding season to develop a management strategy that specifically targets their nesting habitat. Methods When rice was at the booting to ripening stage, cage-traps were placed in rice fields adjacent to coconut habitat. Thirty breeding adult R. tanezumi females were fitted with radio-collars and successfully tracked to their nest sites. Key results Most R. tanezumi nests (66.7%) were located in coconut groves, five nests (16.7%) were located in rice fields and five nests (16.7%) were located on the rice field edge. All nests were located above ground level and seven nests were located in coconut tree crowns. The median distance of nest sites to the nearest rice field was 22.5 m. Most nest site locations had good cover of ground vegetation and understorey vegetation, but low canopy cover. Only one nest location had an understorey vegetation height of less than 20 cm. Conclusions In the coastal lowland rice–coconut cropping systems of the SMBC, female R. tanezumi showed a preference for nesting in adjacent coconut groves. This is contrary to previous studies in intensive flood-irrigated rice ecosystems of Luzon, where the species nests mainly in the banks of irrigation canals. It is important to understand rodent breeding ecology in a specific ecosystem before implementing appropriate management strategies. Implications In lowland rice–coconut cropping systems, coconut groves adjacent to rice fields should be targeted for the management of R. tanezumi nest sites during the main breeding season as part of an integrated ecologically based approach to rodent pest management.
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Rao, Ch V. Narasimha, and B. Anusha. "Field evaluation of new cake formulations of flocoumafen and difenacoum against lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis (Gray) in rice." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 18, CIABASSD-2022 (2022): 79–83. https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/18.ciabassd-2022/79-83.
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Technology of poison baiting by using rodenticides is the most popular and preferred choice of rodent control in field crops as well as orchard crops. The lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis (Gray) is the most important rodent species infesting rice and other field crops. In order to contain the rat population, second generation anticoagulants, flocoumafen and difenacoum in the form of Cake formulations were evaluated against B. bengalensis in rice crop. Both the rodenticides including bromadiolone has recorded significant percent reduction of lesser bandicoot rat @0.005% concentration after every pulse. Overall efficacy after analyzing pooled data of two pulses in the season, Flocoumafen 0.005% Mini bait block @ 8 g bait blocks /burrow achieved 79.49 per cent CS on LBC/ha basis and 83.51 per cent CS on tiller basis followed by 70.19 per cent on LBC/ha basis and 68.45 per cent on tiller basis in case of Difenacoum 0.005% Mini bait block @ 8g /burrow which is significantly superior over Bromadiolone. Flocoumafen rodenticide found highly effective and significantly superior in containing the live burrow counts and tiller damage caused by B. bengalensis in rice.
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Nurrohman, Reza Kusuma, Ardiansyah Ardiansyah, and Bayu Dwi Apri Nugroho. "Lotka Volterra Model Simulation for Rice-field Rat and Tyto Alba Owls in Sumpiuh District, Banyumas Regency, Central Java." agriTECH 39, no. 4 (2019): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agritech.46456.
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Rice-field rat (Rattus argentiventer) is a rodent that has a high level of productivity. These animals attack rice plants from the vegetative to the generative phase. This research aimed to analyze and to predict the accuracy of the use of owls with mathematical equations model in Kebokura and Lebeng villages, Sumpiuh district. Lotka - Volterra and Competitive Lotka-Volterra models were used to predict the population dynamics of Owl (predator) and rice-field rats (prey), then Runge - Kutta numerical method was applied to analyze the population dynamics of predator and prey at a certain time. The results of the analyses using the Lotka – Volterra, Competitive Lotka - Volterra equations and simulation data, each graph data showed that the rats’ population was able to be maximally suppressed. Based on the analysis result, started with 24 owls and 1,689 rats, the rats’ population could be suppressed to 104 using Lotka – Volterra, and to 176 using the Competitive Lotka – Volterra model. Then in the first and second simulation, started with 50 and 100 owls and 1,689 rats, analysis using Lotka – Volterra and Competitive Lotka – Volterra showed that the rat population could be suppressed to as much as 126, 188 and 145, 189, respectively. Based on the analysis, it could be concluded that use of Serak Jawa owl strategy was able to reduce and stabilize the rat populations. Furthermore, the higher population of owls can prevent the population explosion of rats and can suppress the rat population to a lower number.
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Rao, Ch V. Narasimha, and B. Anusha. "Efficacy of new formulations of flocoumafen and difenacoum against lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis (Gray) in Rabi rice." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES 16, no. 2 (2021): 165–69. https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijps/16.2/165-169.
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Employing poison baiting by using rodenticides is the most preferred choice of rodent control in field crops as well as orchard crops. The lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis (Gray) is the most important rodent species infesting rice and other field crops. In order to contain the rat population, second generation anticoagulants, flocoumafen and difenacoum in the form of cake formulations were evaluated against B. bengalensis in rabi rice crop in Andhra Pradesh. Both the rodenticides including bromadiolone has recorded significant percent reduction of lesser bandicoot rat @ 0.005% concentration after every pulse. Overall efficacy after analyzing pooled data of two pulses in rabi season, flocoumafen 0.005% Mini bait block @ 8 g bait blocks /burrow achieved 82.23 per cent CS on LBC/ha basis and 78.77 per cent CS on tiller basis followed by 74.08 per cent on LBC/ha basis and 69.36 per cent on tiller basis in case of Difenacoum 0.005% Mini bait block @ 8g /burrow which is significantly superior over Bromadiolone. Flocoumafen rodenticide found highly effective and significantly superior in containing the live burrow counts and tiller damage caused by B. bengalensis in rice.
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Sawitri Djelantik, A. A. A. Wulandira, I. Made Sudarma, and I. Gede Bagus Dera Setiawan. "Alih Fungsi Lahan Sawah dan Dampaknya di Kecamatan Kediri Kabupaten Tabanan." JURNAL MANAJEMEN AGRIBISNIS (Journal Of Agribusiness Management) 10, no. 2 (2022): 904. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jma.2022.v10.i02.p14.
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Land had important value in development in developing countries. Agriculture, housing, industry, tourism, services required land to carry out their development. The area of land that tended to remain followed by the increasing demand for land needs caused the transfer of agricultural land functions, especially rice fields. The purpose of this studies were to find out the causal factors, impacts caused and control strategies for the transfer of rice field functions in Kediri District of Tabanan Regency. The data used is qualitative and quantitative data sourced from primary and secondary data through questionnaires and interviews using ISM analysis. The results showed that the rice field tax, scarcity of production advice, selling prices and land leases, production costs and labor scarcity, family participation, health, number of dependents, land regeneration, pests, diseases, tourism growth and housing needs were factors causing the transfer of land functions. Environmental impacts on the transfer of land functions included irrigation water pollution, rat pests, reduced groundwater absorption, biodiversity and green open space. Short-term strategy of controlling land transfer functions by tightening the rules of selling and renting rice fields. Medium-term strategy by motivating young people to jump into agriculture and long-term strategy by checking the health and distribution of saprodi at saprodi sales stores.Land had important value in development in developing countries. Agriculture, housing, industry, tourism, services required land to carry out their development. The area of land that tended to remain followed by the increasing demand for land needs caused the transfer of agricultural land functions, especially rice fields. The purpose of this studies were to find out the causal factors, impacts caused and control strategies for the transfer of rice field functions in Kediri District of Tabanan Regency. The data used is qualitative and quantitative data sourced from primary and secondary data through questionnaires and interviews using ISM analysis. The results showed that the rice field tax, scarcity of production advice, selling prices and land leases, production costs and labor scarcity, family participation, health, number of dependents, land regeneration, pests, diseases, tourism growth and housing needs were factors causing the transfer of land functions. Environmental impacts on the transfer of land functions included irrigation water pollution, rat pests, reduced groundwater absorption, biodiversity and green open space. Short-term strategy of controlling land transfer functions by tightening the rules of selling and renting rice fields. Medium-term strategy by motivating young people to jump into agriculture and long-term strategy by checking the health and distribution of saprodi at saprodi sales stores.
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Namala, Srinivas Rao. "ZoonosisImpact of Rodent Outbreaks in Rice Paddies on Incidence of Rodent-borne Zoonosis in Human Populations." Journal of Communicable Diseases 54, no. 02 (2022): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202268.
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A study conducted in an area encircled by rice paddies on a rodent abundance, population, and flea vector index during normal and rodent outbreak periods revealed that the rodent populations of rice paddies were colonised in rice fields and are not migrated much to the residential areas even during the outbreak years. The predominance of Rattus rattus (94.2%) was recorded among the rodent species in residential premises, whereas in rice paddies, it was lesser bandicoot Bandicota bengalensis (98.9%). Among the structures in a residential area, bakeries were the most infested with pest rodents followed by grocery and vegetable stores. The recorded rat flea index of below 1 from the animals trapped in residential premises and no progression in fever and other ill health conditions among the residents even during field rodent outbreak years show no risk of zoonotic diseases like plague. Rodenticide poison offered through liquids has recorded high intake and control success over the market available ready-to-use bait cakes.
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Edrizal, Edrizal, Eka Desnita, and L. Surya Geminastiti. "Pengaruh Cangkang Keong Sawah (Pila ampullacea) Terhadap Pembentukan Tulang Baru (Remodeling Tulang)." Health & Medical Journal 2, no. 2 (2020): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33854/heme.v2i2.456.
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Rice fields conch is believed by people as an alternative medicine that capable to treat many kind of diseases, such as diabetes, jaundice, liver, ulcer, cholesterol, and preventing osteoporosis, more in-depth scientific studies regarding the efficacy of rice field conch for human health are still not widely done. All of this statement are still empirical data from the experiences of rice field conch users, so it needs further research. The purpose of this research was to determine whether the content of the rice field conch shell (Pila ampullacea) can affect the bone remodeling process. Types of research that has been used was laboratory experiment with control group post test only design. The population of this research used white type of rat Galur Wistar (Rattus norvegicus L.), with the minimum number of samples needed are 4 rats from each group. So total of the samples are 20 white rats Galur Wistar (Rattusnorvegicus L.). Research conducted at the Pharmacology Laboratory of Andalas University, Anatomical pathology Laboratory Siti rahmah islamic hospital and Anatomical Pathology Laboratory Andalas University using Oneway ANOVA test. The results of the research obtained that the average number of osteoblasts in the control group (-) with the lowest average number of osteoblasts was 14.3 per five fields of view. The highest increase in average occurred in the administration of Pila ampullacea 100 mg, which is 36.6 per five fields of view. The average number of osteoclasts in the control group (-) was also seen to be the lowest at 1.55 per five fields of view and the increase of osteoclasts average was highest in the administration of 100 mg of ampullacea, which was 3.25 per five fields of view and it was shown that the supply of rice field conch shell powder (Pila ampullacea) could affect bone remodeling processes with p <0.05
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Singleton, Grant R., Sudarmaji, and Sadeli Suriapermana. "An experimental field study to evaluate a trap-barrier system and fumigation for controlling the rice field rat, Rattus argentiventer, in rice crops in West Java." Crop Protection 17, no. 1 (1998): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-2194(98)80013-6.
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Magna, Anuraga Putra Duarsa, Wayan Suarna I, Gede Mahardika I, and Nyoman Wardi I. "Tyto alba Cultivation in Balinese Cultural Perspective." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURE RESEARCH 03, no. 02 (2024): 95–102. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10649599.
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ABSTRACT Rat infestation (<em>Rattus argentiventer</em>) in Subak Pagi and Subak Bengkel, Tabanan regency, Bali has resulted in rice crop failure in both areas. Rice production decreased drastically to only about 10 - 20% of normal conditions. The utilization of <em>Tyto alba</em> as a biological control of rat pests, turns out to be able to play a very effective role in controlling pest attacks. In nature, <em>Tyto alba</em> population continues to decline due to hunting and agricultural land clearing. This research aims to study the cultivation of <em>Tyto alba</em>, especially from a cross-generational cultural perspective. Generations are grouped by year of birth with a range of 20 years, from 1960 - now, into generations X, Y and Z, respectively. The research used descriptive qualitative method, through depth interview approach and forced field analysis. The results showed that there are four supporting factors for the cultivation of <em>Tyto alba</em> as a rat pest control, namely first <em>Tyto alba</em> is very effective in controlling rat pests. Another supporting factor is that <em>Tyto alba</em> has actually been known for a long time by the people in the two subak and has a belief value system in the life of the subak community, as well as environmentally friendly and able to maintain the food chain. There are four inhibiting factors in <em>Tyto alba</em> conservation efforts, namely, the lack of committed breeding officers, availability and management of food, land for preservation and development and very limited financial support. Analysis forced field concludes that, cross-generational public perception in the acceptance of <em>Tyto alba</em> as a biological control of rat pests is very positive. However, preservation efforts with a breeding system cannot be done in both subak at this time. Efforts to preserve and develop <em>Tyto alba</em> are carried out by releasing it in nature with conservation protection through village regulations.
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My Phung, Nguyen Thi, Peter R. Brown, and Luke K. P. Leung. "The diet of the female ricefield rat, Rattus argentiventer, influences their breeding performance in a mixed rice cropping ecosystem in An Giang province, the Mekong Delta, Vietnam." Wildlife Research 38, no. 7 (2011): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr10180.
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Context The ricefield rat, Rattus argentiventer, is the main rodent pest of rice in Vietnam, causing annual pre-harvest rice losses of around 10%. Although its diet is reported to consist of mainly rice, other components might also be important, and it is not known whether its breeding performance is affected by the quality and/or quantity of food. Furthermore, if its breeding is synchronised with the growth of rice crops, the rats will be able to make full use of the food supply to produce offspring. This knowledge is necessary for developing improved strategies for managing this pest. Aims This study aimed to determine whether the breeding performance of female R. argentiventer is responding to food quality (increased percentage of rice in stomach) and/or quantity (increased weight of stomach content) or whether its breeding is synchronised with the growth of rice crops. Methods The stomach contents and breeding condition of 296 adult female rats were sampled by snap trapping once a month from October 2008 to December 2009 over three consecutive irrigated lowland rice crops fields to cover a range of rice growth stages in An Giang province, Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Key results Overall, rice formed 70.5% ± 2.0 s.e. in the diet, followed by green material (25.9% ± 1.9 s.e.), insects (3.1% ± 0.6 s.e.) and mung bean (0.5% ± 0.3 s.e.). The probability of breeding increased with increasing mean percentage of rice in the diet: Pr(Breed) = 1/(1 + exp(0.6395–0.0090 × Rice)). However, this relationship was not consistent because breeding performance was high at the heading stage when the percentage of rice in the stomach was low and because breeding intensity was low at sowing when the percentage of rice in stomach was high. The rice growth stage is a better predictor for the breeding performance than the percentage of rice in the diet. Conclusions Breeding was driven by a functional response of rats to the abundant supply of food quality (rice grain), modified by some unknown mechanisms that modifies this response of rats so that rats can anticipate food supply. Understanding the nature of this mechanism may provide insights into population processes that can be exploited in controlling rats in rice crops. Implications Farmers could slow the reproductive rate of female R. argentiventer by reducing the food quantity through minimising the amount of spilt grain left in the field and through more synchronous cropping.
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Singleton, Grant R., Sudarmaji, and Peter R. Brown. "Comparison of different sizes of physical barriers for controlling the impact of the rice field rat, Rattus argentiventer, in rice crops in Indonesia." Crop Protection 22, no. 1 (2003): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-2194(02)00060-1.
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Wu, Qixia, Yue Qiao, Qianshun Zhou, Jinping Chen, and Guangshuai Wang. "Controlled-Release Blended Fertilizer Combined with Urea Reduces Nitrogen Losses by Runoff and Improves Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Wet Direct-Seeded Rice in Central China." Sustainability 15, no. 16 (2023): 12336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151612336.
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Controlled-release fertilizer is one of the best fertilizer management strategies for improving the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of transplanted seedling rice. Wet direct-seeded rice has gradually replaced transplanted seedling rice since it saves labor. In addition, it is conducive to mechanization promotion. However, the effects of controlled-release fertilizers on wet direct-seeded rice remain largely unknown. A two-year field experiment aimed to compare the effects of controlled-release blended fertilizer at two rates (basal N to tiller N ratio = 7:3 (CRBF+U), CRBF alone), urea at two rates (basal–tiller ratio of 4:6 (U40), 6:4 (U60)) and a control (no N fertilizer) on the ammonia volatilization (AV) loss, nitrogen runoff loss, accumulation, transport, utilization and yield of rice. The nitrogen runoff loss in wet direct-seeded rice paddy fields was concentrated from sowing to the three-leaf and one-leaflet stage, and the loss rat was lowest after CRBF+U (11.41–12.94%). AV loss rate was lowest after CRBF (3.41%), followed by CRBF+U (3.55–3.89%). CRBF+U increased nitrogen accumulation by extending the duration of rapid nitrogen growth and accelerating maximum nitrogen growth. CRBF+U also increased the nitrogen transport rate of stems, sheaths and leaves from full heading to maturity, and intensified the increase in nitrogen in panicles, increasing the harvest index, agronomy utilization rate and apparent utilization rate of nitrogen. Finally, the grain number per panicle, seed-setting rate and actual yield of rice were significantly improved. In conclusion, CRBF+U can reduce nitrogen runoff loss and AV loss and can improve the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of wet direct-seeded rice.
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Yabe, T., and G. A. Rivera. "C02 Behavior of Philippine rice-field rat, Rattus rattus mindanensis, in a tree plantation in Luzon, Philippines." Medical Entomology and Zoology 54, supplement (2003): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.54.43_3.
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Dr, . Veldi pavani. "Leptospirosis." Science World a monthly e magazine 3, no. 7 (2023): 1766–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8196428.
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<strong>Synonyms:</strong> Weils disease, rice field fever, canicola fever. This is a disease of dogs and large domesticated animals caused by several species of Leptospira, it is a zoonotic disease. <strong>Incidence:</strong> It is seen in cattle, pig, sheep, dog and man. The rat is a reservoir of the organism from dogs and man may be infected. The condition caused by <em>L. icterohemorrhagiae</em> in man is known as weils disease.
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Bari, Ichsan Nurul, Nur’aini Herawati, and Syifa Nabilah Subakti Putri. "Effects of Oleander Leaves (Nerium oleander) against Metabolism, Activity Pattern, and the Leaves Potency as Rice-Field Rat Repellent (Rattus argentiventer)." Biology and Life Sciences Forum 4, no. 1 (2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecps2020-08868.
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Nerium oleander historically has been known worldwide as a poisonous plant that can be used to control pests. However, studies on the effects of oleander leaves against Rattus argentiventer as a major agricultural rodent pest are limited. This research aimed to probe the potency of oleander leaves extracted in methanol as a rice-field rat repellent. The experiments involved a choice test (T-maze arena) and a no-choice test (metabolic cage) that were analyzed by the T-test using three replications for 6 days. The results showed that the rats on the T-maze avoided consuming food and water near the oleander treatment. The same results occurred in the metabolic cage, which was indicated by a decrease in the average of food and feces, and also by an increase in the average of water and urine. Additionally, the treatment also caused a disruption in daily activity patterns, which was significantly indicated by an increase of 22.84% in average time for resting activities and a decrease in time for locomotion and nesting activities (by 9.71% and 13.13%, respectively). Overall, oleander leaves have the potential to provide a repellent effect against rice-field rats, especially in the choice test.
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Tobing, Maryani Cyccu, Ameilia Zuliyanti Siregar, Lisnawita Lisnawita, and Meirani Meirani. "PENGGUNAAN PROTOZOA SARCOCYSTIS SINGAPORENSIS (APICOMPLEXA: SARCOCYSTIDAE) UNTUK PENGENDALIAN TIKUS SAWAH RATTUS ARGENTIVENTER." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 9, no. 1 (2009): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.1939-45.
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The use of protozoan Sarcocystis singaporensis (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) for control rice field rat Rattus argentiventer. Rats are still a number-one-pest in field rice of various areas in Indonesia. Biological control using microparasite Sarcocystis singaporensis (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) is a highly host-specific protozoan for controlling the rats. The objective of this research was to study the use of protozoa parasite S. singaporensis against rodent pest Rattus argentiventer. The design of experiment was Factorial Randomized Complete Design with ten treatments and four replications. The first factor was sporocyt doses of S. singaporensis (control; 1 x 105; 2 x 105; 3 x 105; 4 x 105), while the second factor was rats sexual category (male and female). The results showed that dose of sporocysts S. singaporensis was significantly different but rats’ sexual category has no effect on the treatments. The highest mortalities was on dose 4 x 105 (100%) at 12.08 days, food consumption decreased two to four days before rats died, weight of rats decreased because of the infection of S. singaporensis.
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Mischenko, A. L., and O. V. Sukhanova. "Rice Fields in the Southern Russia: the Phenomenon of Wintering of Greater Spotted Eagle." Raptors Conservation, no. 2 (2023): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.19074/1814-8654-2023-2-35-39.
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Prior to our research, only single cases of wintering of the Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila [Clanga] changa, GSE) in the south of Russia were proved. Wintering of the GSE on the Prikubanskaya plain was first proved for an adult female from the Estonian breeding population, who spent three winters (2018/19, 2019/20, and partially 2020/21) in the same area of the Krasnodar Territory, near the city of Abinsk (Väli et al., 2021; Mischenko et al., 2022). The second case of wintering on the Prikubanskaya plain of a GSE tagged by a transmitter in the north of the Moscow region (the young bird named Oduvanchik) was noted in 2020/2021, also thanks to GPS/GSM telemetry (Mischenko et al., 2021). In 2020 Oduvanchik, after pronounced migration in the south direction, from 21/09 to 23/11 stayed in the area of the city Slavyansk-on-Kuban (Krasnodar Territory). Then he migrated to the western part of the Republic of Adygea, where he stayed for the winter. He spent the winters of 2021/22 and 2022/23 in the same area. On 17–22/11/2021 and 22–25/02/2022, in order to visually detect other GSEs not tagged with transmitters, we conducted a survey of the area of the Prikubanskaya Plain located between the Varnavinsky water reservoir in the west, Krasnodar water reservoir in the east, the city of Slavyansk-on-Kuban in the north, and the city of Abinsk in the south. During the November survey, three birds were visually recorded. During the February survey of this area, in addition to the bird, which, judging by the comparison of the coordinates reported by the transmitter and the observation spot, was most likely Oduvanchik, we visually registered 10 GSEs, 5 of them were recorded simultaneously (Mischenko et al., 2022). Thus, it can be argued that a previously unknown area of stable wintering of GSEs was formed on the territory of the Prikubanskaya plain, which was localized with the help of GSM/GPS telemetry and subsequent targeted field studies. Habitats which were constantly visited by Oduvanchik and Estonian eagle and where all the other birds were visually marked are mainly represented by systems of rice fields with a network of channels. The development of the Kuban floodplain (which began in the mid-1970s) and the creation of a rice-planting system led to a radical change in the entire landscape of the Kuban and, as a consequence, to a change in the conditions of existence of Brown Rat (Rattus norvegicus). A uniform alternation of earthen ramparts, convenient for burrowing and movement of brown rats, rice fields, as well as channels on which even in winter these rodents find food – all this contributes to the year-round habitation of the brown rat outside human buildings and the high density of its settlements in rice fields (Rylnikov, Karaseva, 1985). The number of rats in rice fields is many times higher than in natural habitats. Thus, on the banks of the Kuban limans, the number of rats per 100 linear meters was only 0.1–0.2 individuals, whereas on the shafts of rice fields it was 50–100 times higher: up to 10 or more individuals (Karaseva et al., 1986). At the beginning of September, a full preharvest discharge of water is carried out from rice fields. In November – April, the spatial distribution of Brown Rat populations in rice fields acquires a pronounced mosaic character, showing a tendency to crowding, in accordance with the distribution of places convenient for overwintering. During this period, these rodents are concentrated on certain areas of rice fields (with an area 200–300 hectares), where the feeding conditions are most favorable – usually these are places where there is a lot of under-threshed straw left in the fields (Rylnikov, Karaseva, 1985). Rats feel good on rice paddies even in relatively harsh winters, with a decrease in temperature to –5° and the formation of a stable snow cover up to 10 cm. Usually at this time rats openly move on the surface of snow (Karaseva et al., 1986). In winter, Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), Rook (Corvus frugilegus), and Wood Pigeon (Columba palumbus) feed on rice fields (Mischenko et al., 2021; Lokhman, unpublished). However, flocks of these birds are present here irregularly. We assume that the high number, concentration, and constant availability of brown rats throughout the autumn-winter period are one of the main reasons for the formation of a stable wintering area of GSEs in the rice systems of the Prikubanskaya plain. One of the main tasks of further research is to identify limiting factors and potential threats to eagles wintering in this territory.
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Munawar, Nadeem, Iftikhar Hussain, and Tariq Mahmood. "EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT FOOD BAITS BY USING TRAPS FOR THE CONTROL OF LESSER BANDICOOT RAT (BANDICOTA BENGALENSIS) IN FIELD CROPS OF POTHWAR PLATEAU, PAKISTAN." World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 4, no. 2 (2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33865/wjb.004.02.0216.
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The lesser bandicoot rat (Bandicota bengalensis) is a widely distributed and serious agricultural pest in Pakistan. It has wide adaptation with rice-wheat-sugarcane cropping systems of Punjab, Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces and wheat-groundnut cropping system of the Pothwar area, thus inflicting heavy losses to these crops. Comparative efficacies of four food baits (onion, guava, potato and peanut butter smeared bread/Chapatti) were tested in multiple feeding tests for snap/kill trapping of this rodent species in the Pothwar Plateau between October 2013 to July 2014 at the sowing, tillering, flowering and maturity stages of wheat, groundnut and millet crops. The results revealed that guava was the most preferred bait for the rat species as compared to the other three. Among relative efficacies of all four tested baits: guava scoring the highest trapping success (16.94 ± 1.42 percent), followed by peanut butter, potato and onion (10.52 ± 1.30, 7.82 ± 1.21 and 4.5 ± 1.10 percent) respectively. Crop stage/season-wise highest trapping success was achieved at maturity stages of the crop. Moreover, the maturity stage of wheat crop coincided with spring breeding season and maturity stages of millet and groundnut matched with monsoon/autumn breeding peak of the lesser bandicoot rat in the Pothwar area. Preferred order among four baits tested was guava > peanut butter > potato > onion.
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Nofie Prasetiyo, Kiki Ahmad Baihaqi, Santi Arum Puspita Lestari, and Yana Cahyana. "CLASSIFICATION OF RICE PLANTS AFFECTED BY RATS USING THE SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE (SVM) ALGORITHM." Jurnal Teknik Informatika (Jutif) 5, no. 2 (2024): 637–43. https://doi.org/10.52436/1.jutif.2024.5.2.1949.
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In the era of Indonesia's agrarian economy which is supported by the agricultural sector, rice plants play an important role in meeting food needs. However, pest attacks, especially field mice, can cause significant losses in rice production. To overcome this, this research proposes the use of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm with the Particle Swarm Optimization method in predicting rat pest attacks on rice plants. This research involves the process of collecting data from drone photos to identify affected agricultural land. The preprocessing stage involves changing colors from RGB to GRAY and zoom augmentation. Feature extraction is carried out using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP). Testing was carried out involving the SVM/SVC model and performance evaluation was carried out using accuracy, precision and recall metrics. The preprocessing test results showed an increase in performance with training accuracy of 68.33%. However, the actual prediction on the original image results in a low accuracy of around 25%. However, image testing after involving the entire process, including preprocessing and model prediction, shows a higher level of accuracy, reaching around 90%.
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Kuncorojati, Dwi, M. Yamin, and Yunita Yunita. "LEVEL OF FAILURE RISK BASED ON LAND TYPOLOGY OF PARTICIPANTS OF RICE FARM INSURANCE PROGRAMS IN SOUTH SUMATERA." JSEP (Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics) 14, no. 1 (2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jsep.v14i1.20265.
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Risk level in South Sumatra differs based on the land typology in which Buay Madang Timur District in East OKU Regency with typical irrigation rice field typology has different risk level compared to Banyuasin Regency with its tidal land typology. This research was aimed to find out risk failure in two land typologies nad losses due to its risk. The calculation of Z score was used to calculate risk level using cross data section in year 2019. Data were collected from each district with 120 AUTP farmer participants consisted of 60 samples of tidal land typology and 60 technical irrigation. Which 60 samples consisted of 52 unclaimed farmers and 8 claimed farmers. Based Z score calculation of crop failure risk, it was resulted that technical irrigation land typology in OKU Regency had 44% risk level due to rat and planthopper attack, compared to 49% tidal land typology in Banyuasin Regency that caused rat attack. Risk impact due to crop failure was then calculated using the Value at Risk (Var) method. Results showed that crop failure losses in East OKU Regency were equal to Rp. 11.304.361,- for each planting season while in Banyuasin Regency it was Rp. 12.445.273,-. Thus, the impact of crop failure risk in tidal land typology was greater than technical irrigation.
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Xue, Yunhong, Wenai Liu, Lianghao Pan, et al. "The Culprit behind the Mass Death of Mangroves: Egrets or Rats (Rattus losea)?" Forests 15, no. 6 (2024): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15061048.
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Mangroves play a crucial role in maintaining coastal ecological balance. This study focused on the impact of branch-breaking behavior on the mortality of Rhizophora stylosa in the Guangxi Shankou Mangrove Reserve. However, we found mangrove mortality in areas devoid of egret habitation, prompting a reevaluation of our research hypothesis. Further investigation suggested that nesting behavior was the primary cause of mangrove mortality. A comparison of the data from areas with egrets (Egretta garzetta, Ardea intermedia) and lesser rice-field rats (Rattus losea) activity indicated significant mechanical damage caused by rats to mangroves as the main cause of mortality. Additionally, we found that the biological characteristics of R. stylosa, particularly its stunted growth and recovery abilities after branch breaking, were key factors affecting its survival. These findings imply that rat-induced mortality may not occur in other less susceptible mangrove species. The results contradict assumptions regarding the impact of egret behavior and highlight the importance of the biological characteristics of R. stylosa. This offers fresh insights into mangrove conservation and management, emphasizing the need for ongoing observation and hypotheses verification. Future studies should explore the influence of lesser rice-field rats’ activity and the intrinsic characteristics of R. stylosa on the ecosystem’s long-term stability.
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Dueser, Raymond D., John H. Porter, and Nancy D. Moncrief. "The continuing search for a better mouse trap: Two tests of a practical, low-cost camera trap for detecting and observing small mammals." PLOS ONE 20, no. 1 (2025): e0309252. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309252.
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The advent of digital wildlife cameras has led to a dramatic increase in the use of camera traps for mammalian biodiversity surveys, ecological studies and occupancy analyses. For cryptic mammals such as mice and shrews, whose small sizes pose many challenges for unconstrained digital photography, use of camera traps remains relatively infrequent. Here we use a practical, low-cost small mammal camera platform (the “MouseCam”) that is easy and inexpensive to fabricate and deploy and requires little maintenance beyond camera service. We tested the MouseCam in two applications: a study of small mammal species composition on two transects across a barrier island and a study of small mammal occupancy along a subtle elevation gradient in a mainland forest. The MouseCam was reasonably efficient, with over 78% of all images containing a recognizable small mammal (mouse, vole, rat or shrew). We obtained an accurate estimate of species composition on the island transects, as indicated by comparison with both concurrent and long-term trapping records for the same transects. MouseCams required a smaller expenditure of personnel and transportation resources than would be required for live trapping. They also detected subtle elevation-related differences in species occupancy in the mainland forest for the marsh rice rat, with the species occurring at lower elevations in the forest. This is consistent with the typical occurrence of the marsh rice rat in marshes and wetlands. We also tested devices (barriers, runways) designed to reduce disturbance by mesopredators (e.g., raccoons). Adding an internal barrier to the MouseCam did not reduce use by white-footed mice, whereas adding an external runway did. We believe specialized small mammal camera-based sensors may have wide applicability in field studies of small mammal distribution, abundance and biology.
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Sarathchandra, S. R., K. P. S. D. Hennayake, M. P. H. K. Jayaweera, L. Nugaliyadde, K. S. Hemachandra, and A. D. N. T. Kumara. "Assessment of Grain Preference Among Selected Rice Varieties by Field Rat, Bandicota bengalensis and House Rat, <em>Rattus rattus</em> in Sri Lanka." Tropical Agricultural Research 33, no. 3 (2022): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/tar.v33i3.8572.
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Yusri. "Pengendalian Hama Tikus Sawah (Rattus argentiventer) dengan FOKUS (Fogging Tikus) Menggunakan Fumigan dari Ekstrak Cabai di Kecamatan Ponrang Selatan Kabupaten Luwu." Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan 11, no. 3 (2023): 459–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v11i3.3084.
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Tikus sawah merupakan salah satu hama utama pertanaman padi yang dapat menyebabkan penurunan produksi hingga kegagalan panen. Berbagai teknik pengendalian dapat dilakukan guna untuk mengamankan produksi tanaman padi, salah satunya dengan metode fumigasi atau fogging. FOKUS (Fogging Tikus) merupakan alat yang dirancang untuk mengendalikan hama tikus dengan metode fumigasi atau pengasapan yang dilakukan pada sarang tikus. FOKUS dibuat dari peralatan bekas dan sederhana namun efektif untuk digunakan sebagai alat fumigasi. Alat FOKUS ini menggunakan bahan pengendali (fumigan) dari ekstrak cabai yang dapat menyebabkan rasa perih pada mata dan mengganggu sistem pernapasan tikus. Percobaan dilakukan di lahan sawah yang ada di Kecamatan Ponrang Selatan Kabupaten Luwu pada bulan Mei – Juni 2023. Dalam pengujiannya ada tiga varian jumlah semburan asap yang dilakukan, yaitu satu, tiga, dan lima semburan asap dengan waktu tunggu selama tiga menit dan selang waktu semburan asap selama 10 detik. Masing – masing jumlah semburan asap dilakukan percobaan selama tiga kali. Berdasarkan hasil percobaan yang dilakukan di lapangan memperlihatkan bahwa FOKUS berfungsi dengan sangat baik. Jumlah semburan 1 kali tidak efektif membuat tikus keluar dari sarang. Sementara itu, 3 kali semburan asap mampu membuat tikus keluar dari sarang namun masih aktif dan kondisi sehat. Sedangkan pada jumlah semburan asap 5 kali ditemukan tikus keluar dari lubang aktif dengan kondisi lemas. Tikus yang keluar dan terperangkap pada jaring kemudian dimatikan.
 Rats are one of the main pests of rice crops which can cause a decrease in production and even crop failure. Various control techniques can be used to secure rice production, one of which is the fogging method. FOKUS (Rat Fogging) is a tool designed to control rat pests using the fumigation method carried out in rat nests. This FOCUS tool uses a control agent (repellent) from chili extract. The experiment was carried out in rice fields in South Ponrang District Luwu Regency in May – June 2023. In the test, there were three variants of the number of smoke bursts carried out, namely one, three and five smoke bursts with a waiting time of three minutes with a smoke burst interval of 10 seconds. Each number of smoke bursts was tested three times. Based on the results of experiments carried out in the field, it shows that FOKUS functions very well. One burst is not effective in getting rats out of the nest. Meanwhile, 3 bursts of smoke were able to make the rats come out of the nest but were still active and in good health. Meanwhile, with 5 smoke bursts, rats were found coming out of the active holes in a weak condition. Rats that come out and are trapped in the net are then killed.
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Nur Hafif, Ramadan Saputra, Ego Lion Sakty, and Faisol Humaidi4. "Formula Organik Cair Berbahan Tikus Sawah Di Desa Kandangan Kecamatan Cerme Gresik." Asthadarma : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 4, no. 1 (2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55173/asthadarmajurnalpengabdiankepadamasyarakat.v4i1.5.
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The purpose of this service is to change the function of rat pests into organic fertilizer products. In this service, the method used is descriptive qualitative. The technique of determining the informants was done by purposive sampling, data collection techniques were observation, in-depth interviews, and documents. The analysis of the data used is qualitative, it can obtain regularity and systematic, the three of which are interrelated, namely: data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions. The results of the processing of organic fertilizers do not use sophisticated equipment but only use manual equipment made with special assemblies with ordinary tools, the first process carried out is arresting, then killing, weighing, soaking, draining and using them at the time of processing. rice field irrigation.
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Jacob, Jens, Grant R. Singleton, and Lyn A. Hinds. "Fertility control of rodent pests." Wildlife Research 35, no. 6 (2008): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr07129.
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Ricefield rats (Rattus argentiventer) in south-east Asian rice fields and house mice (Mus domesticus) in Australian grain fields are major pest species. They cause damage before and after harvest and carry zoonotic diseases. For both species, management techniques have been pursued using the approach of immunocontraceptive vaccination. We review results from a series of enclosure and field studies conducted with these species to assess the effects of fertility control in small rodents. In the experiments, fertility control was simulated by tubal ligation, ovariectomy or progesterone treatment. A once-off sterilisation of 50–75% of enclosed founder females considerably reduced reproductive output of ricefield rat populations until the end of the reproductive period. In house mice, similar success was achieved when a sterility level of 67% of female founders and offspring was maintained. Repeated antifertility treatments are required because of the much longer breeding period of house mice versus ricefield rats. Comparing the results of enclosure trials with the outcome of simulation models suggests that partial compensation of treatment effects can occur through enhanced reproduction of the remaining fertile females and improved survival of juveniles. However, such compensatory effects as well as behavioural consequences of sterility in field populations are not likely to prevent the management effect at the population level. The challenge for effective fertility control of small rodents in the field is the wide-scale delivery of an antifertility treatment to founders at the beginning of the breeding season and to fertile immigrants that are recruited into the population, which otherwise contribute to the reproductive output at the population level. Future research efforts should focus on species-specific techniques and on agents that can be effectively delivered via bait.
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Hernández, Mᵃ Carmen, Denise M. Jara-Stapfer, Ana Muñoz, Cristian Bonacic, Isabel Barja, and André V. Rubio. "Behavioral Responses of Wild Rodents to Owl Calls in an Austral Temperate Forest." Animals 11, no. 2 (2021): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020428.
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Ecologically based rodent management strategies are arising as a sustainable approach to rodent control, allowing us to preserve biodiversity while safeguarding human economic activities. Despite predator signals being known to generally repel rodents, few field-based studies have compared the behavioral effects of several predators on different prey species, especially in Neotropical ecosystems. Here, we used camera traps to study the behavior of rodent species native to the Chilean temperate forest (Abrothrix spp., long-tailed pygmy rice rat Oligoryzomys longicaudatus) and an introduced rodent (black rat Rattus rattus). Using playbacks of raptor calls, we experimentally exposed rodents to three predation risk treatments: austral pygmy owl calls (Glaucidium nana), rufous-legged owl calls (Strix rufipes) and a control treatment (absence of owl calls). We evaluated the effects of the treatments on the time allocated to three behaviors: feeding time, locomotor activity and vigilance. Moonlight and vegetation cover were also considered in the analyses, as they can modify perceived predation risk. Results showed that predator calls and environmental factors modified prey behavior depending not only on the predator species, but also on the rodent species. Consequently, owl playbacks could be regarded as a promising rodent control tool, knowing that future studies would be critical to deeply understand differences between species in order to select the most effective predator cues.
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Ahmed, Md. S., M. Y. Mian, M. E. Haque, and J. E. Brooks. "Bandicoot Rat Damage in Deep Water Rice Fields." International Rice Research Newsletter 11, no. 1 (1986): 25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7100068.
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This article 'Bandicoot Rat Damage in Deep Water Rice Fields' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Isnaini, Enik, Ahmad Royani, and M. Yuda Manggala Putera. "Legal Liability for Use of Electric Mouse Traps Causing Death." Jurnal Independent 12, no. 2 (2024): 200–209. https://doi.org/10.30736/ji.v12i2.329.
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ABSTRACT In criminal law, offenses are divided into two, namely culpa (negligence) and dolus (intentional) offenses. The number of cases of death resulting from the installation of electrified rat traps that have occurred recently is due to the farmers' lack of awareness of the risks that can occur. This is a criminal act of negligence, in which the perpetrator causes the loss of life of another person. The provisions regarding the criminal offense of negligence that causes death are regulated in Article 359 of the Criminal Code. The installation of electric current that results in the loss of life of another person can be classified as a criminal act of negligence, where due to negligence the perpetrator electrified his rice field fence with high-voltage electric current resulting in the death of a person. Based on this background, the author proposes the formulation of the problem, namely the first is how the regulation of criminal acts of negligence according to the Criminal Code ?. And the second is how the legal sanctions against the perpetrators of the use of electrified rat traps that cause the victim to die ?. This research method uses normative juridical research type, with statutory approach (statue approach) and concept approach (concep) of law. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the Pengalturaln tindalk pidalnal keallpalaln according to the Criminal Code is dialtur dallalm palsall 359 Dimalnal dalpalt dipidalnalnyal oralng yalalebalbkaln maltinyal oralng lalin kalrenal kesallalhalnyal altalu keallpalalnyal. The legal sanction against the perpetrators of the use of electric rat traps is set forth in Article 50 paragraph (1) of Law No. 30 of 2009 Concerning Electricity is punishable by a maximum imprisonment of 10 (ten) years and a maximum fine of Rp.500,000,000.00 (five hundred million rupials). The falsification of electric current which results in the downtime of traffic in the dalpalt is classified as one of the acts of pidalnal negligence. The punishment for the use of electric rat traps that caused the death of a jugal victim has been regulated in several articles of Article 359 of the Criminal Code with a penalty of imprisonment of at least one year and a penalty of imprisonment of at least one year. Thus it is hoped that the importance of awareness of the applicable legal regulations in order to create a safe and peaceful environment which is the goal of the law itself.
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Saroja, R., M. Suriachandraselvan, J. Venkatakrishnan, K. Nilakantapillai, and T. B. Ranganathan. "Field Evaluation of Rice Culture Resistance to Leaffolder (LF) and Sheath Rot (ShR)." International Rice Research Newsletter 12, no. 2 (1987): 18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7122361.
Full textAbstract:
This article 'Field Evaluation of Rice Culture Resistance to Leaffolder (LF) and Sheath Rot (ShR)' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.