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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rift valley Ethiopia

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Academic literature on the topic 'Rift valley Ethiopia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 20 February 2023

Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Rift valley Ethiopia"

1

Mark, R. Jury. "Southern Ethiopia Rift Valley lake fluctuations and climate." Scientific Research and Essays 9, no. 18 (September 30, 2014): 794–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/sre2014.6062.

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Lemenkova, Polina. "Seismicity in the Afar Depression and Great Rift Valley, Ethiopia." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 78, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.78.1.29963.

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Integrated mapping is essential in geological studies to assess risks of earthquake hazards. Cartographic techniques have become a commonplace approach to visualizing data in the continuous geologic and geophysical fields. However, traditional GIS mapping is a manual process with a time-consuming workflow that can lead to mistakes and misinterpretation of data. This study applied two mapping approaches to address this problem: Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) used for automated cartographic workflow employing scripts and QGIS used for traditional geologic mapping. The study area includes Ethiopia, notable for its complex geologic setting. The study aimed to analyse the relationships between the geophysical, geological, topographic and seismic setting of the country by presenting six new thematic maps:1 topography based on the GEBCO/SRTM15+ high-resolution grid;2 geological units with consistent lithology and age from the USGS database;3 geological provinces with major Amhara Plateau and Somali Province using USGS data;4 geoid based on the Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM-2008) grid;5 free-air gravity anomaly model using satellite-based remote sensing data;6 seismicity showing earthquakes and volcanos from 05/03/1990 to 27/11/2020.The comparison of the topography, seismicity, geophysics and surface geology of the Afar Depression and the Great Rift Valley was based partly on extant literature on the geologic setting of Ethiopia which primarily focuses upon discussing tectonic processes that took place in the East African Rift System in the past. The current study contributes to the previous research and increases cartographic data on the geology and geophysics of Ethiopia. The outcomes can be implemented in similar regional projects in Ethiopia for geophysical and geological monitoring.

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Bonechi, N., D. Fiaschi, G. Manfrida, L. Talluri, and C. Zuffi. "Exploitation assessment of geothermal energy from African Great Rift Valley." E3S Web of Conferences 312 (2021): 08008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131208008.

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Countries that are in the Great Rift Valley have one of the lowest average annual electricity consumption per capita in Africa with a value of 164 kWh per inhabitant. Furthermore, the electrification rate is 34% that is more than fifty percentage points below the world average, which is around 86%. One possible solution to improve the electrification rate is to properly exploit the energy resources present in the territory. One of the most significant energy sources of this region is certainly geothermal energy which has a potential of about 15 GWe, mostly concentrated in Ethiopia. Furthermore, it is possible to find the resource in a wide temperature range, not only to produce electricity, which, nonetheless, has a very limited exploitation rate, as only 900 MWe are installed between Kenya and Ethiopia, but also for direct use. In this study, two geothermal power plants for two different geothermal sites, Corbetti and Arus-Bogoria, respectively in Ethiopia and Kenya, have been hypothesized after analyzing the resource potential. For the first, which has been estimated to be of high enthalpy (~300°C), a flash plant configuration was assumed, and the estimated energy production potential was found to be around 50-100 MWe. While for the second, at medium enthalpy (T<200°C), the use of a binary cycle plant was assumed with an obtained production of about 20 MW of electricity. Finally, the possibility of geothermal water exploitation for greenhouse heating, drying of agricultural products, civil sanitary uses, recreational uses (spa), or for industrial purposes has been assessed.

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Gabrekiristos, Endriyas, and Tola Demiyo. "Hot Pepper Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici): Epidemics, Characteristic Features and Management Options." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 10 (September 15, 2020): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n10p347.

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Hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.) is one of the important cash crops to Ethiopian smallholder farmers and an important agricultural commodity which contribute to export earnings. In Ethiopia, this high value crop is constrained by powdery mildew, Phytophthora leaf blight, Fusarium wilt, bacterial leaf spot, bacterial wilt, bacterial soft rot and pepper motile virus. Among this diseases, wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici (FOC) is one of the major pathogen that constrained production and productivity of hot pepper in Ethiopia mainly the Central Rift valley. In Ethiopia, hot pepper fusarium wilt is reported in all production regions in different magnitude. The highest wilt incidence due to fusarium is 90% in some Farmers association of Alaba districts in South Nation Nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia. The economic yield losses due to Fusarium wilt has been estimated at 68 to 71%. Infection and disease development in Fusarium wilt is favored by warm soil temperature, low soil moisture, susceptible host, virulent pathogen and 5.0 to 6.0 pH levels; are some of epidemic factors. Fusarium is reproduced by sexually by teleomorphs and asexually by microconidia, macroconidia and chlamydospore. From the Central rift valley of Ethiopia, 49 FOC isolates were identified based on micro and macroscopic characteristics and the isolate having pink colony color, 3-5 septa forming conidia on potato dextrose agar, perform the most pathogenic ability to Mareko Fana Variety. This pathogen has an over wintering stage called chlamydospore which can exist in the soil for more than ten years without the host. Hot pepper fusarium wilt can be managed by host resistance, biological agent, botanicals and fungicide. In Ethiopia, pepper screening for resistant source, in vitro evaluation of bioagents and fungicides were done. In this review attempt has been made to summarize relevant scientific studies on this economically important crop, hot pepper fusarium wilt and associated factors in Ethiopia as well as its different disease management options, challenges and future prospects.

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Merdekios, Behailu, Myrthe Pareyn, Dagimawie Tadesse, Solomon Getu, Bereket Admassu, Nigatu Girma, Herwig Leirs, Jean-Pierre Van geertruyden, and Johan van Griensven. "Detection of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Foci in South Ethiopia." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 105, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0708.

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Abstract.Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. The disease is endemic in Ochollo, a village in southern Ethiopia, but there are no reports of CL in the wider area, although it is ecologically very similar. We conducted a rapid assessment survey in the South Ethiopian Rift Valley and found 100 parasitologically confirmed CL cases in 38 villages not reported endemic for CL. Approximately half of the cases were children (57%), and most lesions occurred on the face (78%) and were older than 6 months (77%). Only 2% of the people was aware of the mode of transmission, and 9% sought modern treatment at a hospital. These preliminary data indicate that CL is much more widespread than previously reported and that the disease might have a large psychosocial impact. Hence, this study calls for larger surveys across the Ethiopian highlands. Additionally, health education and treatment capacity need to be implemented.

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Mesfin, Demamu, Belay Simane, Abrham Belay, John W. Recha, and Habitamu Taddese. "Woodland Cover Change in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia." Forests 11, no. 9 (August 21, 2020): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11090916.

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Woodlands, which are part of the landscape and an important source of livelihood for smallholders living in the environmentally vulnerable Central Rift Valley (CRV) of Ethiopia, are experiencing rapid changes. Detecting and monitoring these changes is essential for better management of the resources and the benefits they provide to people. The study used a combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the extent and pattern of woodland cover changes from 1973 to 2013. Pixel-based supervised image classification with maximum likelihood classification algorithm was used for land cover classification and change detection analyses. Local peoples’ perceptions were used to explain the patterns of change and their possible reasons. Four major land cover classes were identified, with an overall accuracy of 88.3% and a Kappa statistic of 0.81 for the latest image. The analysis revealed a major land cover reversal, where woodland (92.4%) was the dominant land cover in 1973, while it was agriculture (44.7%) in 2013. A rapid reduction in woodland (54%) and forest (99%) covers took place between 1973 and 2013, with the majority of the conversions being made during the government transition period (1973 to 1986). Agriculture (3878%) and grassland (11,117%) increased tremendously during the 40-year period at the expense of woodlands and forests. Bare land increased moderately (40%). Thus, woodlands are under increasing pressure from other land uses, particularly agriculture, and declining faster. If the current trends of land cover change remain unabated it is likely that woodlands will disappear from the landscape of the area in the near future. Therefore, better forest policy and implementation tools, as well as better woodland management strategies and practices, need to be in place for woodlands to continue providing vital ecosystem goods and services to the local people, as well as to the environment.

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Aklilu, Nigussie, Alemu Dawit, and Bogale Ayalneh. "Sheep market integration in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia." Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics 6, no. 3 (March 31, 2014): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jdae12.156.

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Peccerillo, A., B. Mandefro, G. Solomon, H. Bedru, and K. Tesfaye. "The Precambrian rocks from Southern Ethiopia: petrology, geochemistry and their interaction with the Recent volcanism from the Ethiopian Rift Valley." Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen 173, no. 3 (July 22, 1998): 237–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njma/173/1998/237.

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MICHEZ, DENIS, and ALAIN PAULY. "A new species of the palaearctic genus Dasypoda Latreille 1802 (Hymenoptera: Dasypodaidae) from the Great Rift Valley in Ethiopia." Zootaxa 3181, no. 1 (February 2, 2012): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3181.1.5.

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Dasypoda is a genus of solitary bees previously recorded as endemic in the Palaearctic region from Portugal to Japan. Wedescribe here a new species of Dasypoda (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Melittidae), Dasypoda riftensis sp. nov., collected fromEthiopia, Great Rift Valley, Gallo. This species is the first record of the genus Dasypoda in Sub-Saharan Africa and is of phylogenetic importance. We discuss biogeographical implications of the record in Ethiopia.

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Ketema, Tafess, Dawo Fufa, Sori Teshale, and Ameni Gobena. "Prevalence of caprine tuberculosis in Mid- Rift valley area of Oromia, Ethiopia." African Journal of Microbiology Research 5, no. 12 (June 18, 2011): 1473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajmr10.868.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rift valley Ethiopia"

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Woldemariam, Desalegn Lidetu. "Nematode prevalence, helminth management practices and anthelmintic resistance in small ruminants in the Mid-Rift Valley of Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03022006-144251/.

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Garedew, Efrem. "Land-use and land-cover dynamics and rural livelihood perspectives, in the semi-arid areas of Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia." Umeå : Dept.of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2010. http://epsilon.slu.se/201007.pdf.

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Eshete, Getachew. "Assessment of fuelwood resources in acacia woodlands in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia : towards the development of planning tools for sustainable management /." Umeå : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5638-X.pdf.

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Tesfaye, Chekol Gashaw [Verfasser], Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Wolff, and Hauke [Gutachter] Reuter. "Population and Ecosystem-based Fisheries Assessment of the Rift Valley Lake Koka, Ethiopia / Gashaw Tesfaye Chekol ; Gutachter: Matthias Wolff, Hauke Reuter ; Betreuer: Matthias Wolff." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1113718870/34.

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Mesfin, Melaku. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CYANOBACTERIA OF DESERT AND SEMI-DESERT CRUSTS OF TWO DIFFERENT CONTINENTS: AFRICA (ETHIOPIA) AND NORTH AMERICA (USA)." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1245854204.

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6

Sherefa, Muzein Bedru. "Remote Sensing & GIS for Land Cover/ Land Use Change Detection and Analysis in the Semi-Natural Ecosystems and Agriculture Landscapes of the Central Ethiopian Rift Valley." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1173870635741-98410.

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Technical complexities and the high cost of satellite images have hindered the adoption of remote sensing technology and tools for nature conservation works in Ethiopia as in many developing countries. The terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in Abijjata Shala Lakes National Park (ASLNP) and the Important Bird Areas (IBAs) around the park are considered to be one of the most important home ranges for birds. However, little is known about the effect of land use/land cover (LULC) dynamics, due to lack of technical know how and logistical problems. However, it has been shown in this study that sophisticated image management works are not always relevant. Instead a simple method of utilizing the thermal band has been demonstrated. A new approach of long-term dynamics analysis method has also been suggested. A successful classification of images was achieved after such simple enhancement tests. It has been discovered that, there were more active LULC change processes in the area in the first study period (1973 to 1986) than during the second study period (1986-2000). In the first period nearly half of the landscape underwent land cover change processes with more than 26% of the entire landscape experiencing forest or land degradation. In the second period the extent of the change process was limited to only 1/3 of the total area with a smaller amount of degradation processes than before. During the entire study period, agriculture was responsible for the loss of more than 4/5 of the total terrestrial productive ecosystem. More than 37.6% of the total park area has been experiencing this loss for the past 3 decades. Only 1/5 of this area has a chance to revive, the remaining has undergone a permanent degradation. Lake Abijjata lost half of its size during the past 30 years. In the Zeway-Awassa basin 750 km², 2428km² and 3575km² of terrestrial lands and water bodies are within a distance of 10km, 20km and 30km from IBAs respectively. There are ecologically important areas where two or more IBAs overlap. In areas where more than two to five IBAs overlap, up to 85km² of areas have been recently degraded. High livestock density is one of the reasons for degradation. Using a monthly MODIS data from 2000-2005 and a series of interpolation techniques, the productivity of the area as well as the standing biomass were estimated. Moreover, a new method of spatially accurate livestock density assessment was developed in this study. Only 0.3% of the park area is found to be suitable for productive livestock development but nearly all inhabitants think the area is suitable. Feed availability in ASLNP is scarce even during rainy seasons. Especially the open woodlands are subject to overgrazing. Such shortage forces the inhabitants to cut trees for charcoal making to buy animal feed and non-food consumables. While more than 95% of the inhabitants in the park expanded their agriculture lands, only 13.3% of the farmers managed to produce cereals for market. The application of low cost remote sensing and GIS methods provided ample information that enables to conclude that low productivity and household food insecurity are the main driving forces behind land cover changes that are negatively affecting the natural and semi-natural ecosystems in the central and southern Rift Valley of Ethiopia. The restoration of natural ecosystems or conservation of biodiversity can be achieved only if those driving forces are tackled sustainably.

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Sherefa, Muzein Bedru. "Remote Sensing & GIS for Land Cover/ Land Use Change Detection and Analysis in the Semi-Natural Ecosystems and Agriculture Landscapes of the Central Ethiopian Rift Valley." [S.l. : s.n.], 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1173870635741-98410.

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8

Du, Plessis Gerda. "Actinobacterial diversity of the Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5385.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
The class Actinobacteria consists of a heterogeneous group of filamentous, Gram-positive bacteria that colonise most terrestrial and aquatic environments. The industrial and biotechnological importance of the secondary metabolites produced by members of this class has propelled it into the forefront of metagenomics studies. The Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes are characterized by several physical extremes, making it a polyextremophilic environment and a possible untapped source of novel actinobacterial species. The aims of the current study were to identify and compare the eubacterial diversity between three geographically divided soda lakes within the ERV focusing on the actinobacterial subpopulation. This was done by means of a culture-dependent (classical culturing) and culture-independent (DGGE and ARDRA) approach. The results indicate that the eubacterial 16S rRNA gene libraries were similar in composition with a predominance of α-Proteobacteria and Firmicutes in all three lakes. Conversely, the actinobacterial 16S rRNA gene libraries were significantly different and could be used to distinguish between sites. The actinobacterial OTUs detected belonged to both the Rubrobacterales and Actinomycetales orders with members of the genus Arthrobacter being found in all three lakes. Geochemical properties were significantly different between the lakes, although more than one property attributed to the variance between community compositions. The diversity detected in the culture-based study differed significantly and all isolates belonged to the genus Streptomyces. Two novel strains were characterized by means of phylogenetic (16S rRNA gene sequence), physiological, morphological and biochemical analyses. Both novel isolates were capable of growing under "extreme" conditions- pH 12, 10% NaCl and 45°C. Partial enzyme characterization revealed that both strains produced xylanase enzymes that were active at pH 6.5 and 8.5 with an increase in activity up to 45°C. The results obtained revealed a previously undetected diversity of actinobacteria in the Ethiopian Rift Valley with a potentially novel subpopulation adapted to haloalkaline conditions. The low 16S rRNA sequence similarity of a substantial proportion of the libraries suggests that culture-based isolation may play a vital role in deciphering the community fingerprint.
The National Research Foundation and the Norwegian Research Council

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Konchi, Wakgari Furi. "Hydrogeology of complex volcanic systems in continental rifted zone : integrated geochimical, geophysical and hydrodynamic approach : Middle Awash basin, Main Ethiopian Rift, Ethiopia." Poitiers, 2010. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2010/Konchi-Wakgari-Furi/2010-Konchi-Wakgari-Furi-These.pdf.

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Middle Awash basin, located in the complex volcanic centre of the Ethiopian Rift valley, is one of the drought prone areas marked by considerable water supply problems. Due to lack of surface waters, groundwater remains the sole resource supplying water for domestic and livestock. However, its effective use has been hampered due to the complex aquifer system of this basin. In this study, multidisciplinary method has been applied to characterize the hydrogeological system of this complex volcanic basin. The combined results from datasets show two distinct aquifer systems linked to geology and physiographic location. The Ca-alkaline rocks like basalt, ignimbrite, and trachybasalt form aquifers in the mountain regions whereas the Na-alkalne rocks which include scoria, pumice, tuff, and volcanoclastics are main aquifers in rift floor. Ground waters circulating in the highland areas are slightly mineralized and are Ca-Na-HCO3 type. On the other hand, ground waters in the rift floor are Na-HCO3-Cl types and are highly mineralized as well as contain high load of fluoride much higher than the permitted standard. Rivers hydrograph, hydrochemistry, environmental isotope, and 2D tomography are in good agreement showing fast percolation of rainfall and strong interaction between surface waters and ground waters. Result from numerical groundwater flow modeling further indicates the strong interaction between groundwater and surface waters in the form of losing and gaining
Le bassin central d'Awash, situé dans le centre volcanique complexe de la Vallée du Rift éthiopien, est un des secteurs les plus touchés par la sécheresse et par des problèmes considérables d'approvisionnement en eau. En raison du manque d'eau de surface, l'eau souterraine reste la ressource unique fournissant l'eau potable. Cependant, l'exploitation effective de l'eau souterraine s'est heurtée à la méconnaissance du système hydrogéologique complexe de ce bassin. Dans cette étude, une approche pluridisciplinaire a été mise en oeuvre pour caractériser l'hydrogéologie de ce bassin volcanique complexe. Les résultats couplés de l'ensemble des données montrent deux systèmes aquifères distincts liés à la géologie et à la localisation physiographique. Les roches Ca-alcalines comme le basalte, l'ignimbrite et le trachybasalte forment des aquifères dans les régions de montagne tandis que les roches Na-alcalines qui incluent les scories, la pierre ponce, les tufs et les volcanoclastiques constituent les principaux aquifères au niveau du plancher du rift. Les eaux souterraines circulant dans les secteurs montagneux sont légèrement minéralisées et sont de type Ca-Na-HCO3. Par contre, les eaux souterraines du plancher du rift sont de type Na-HCO3-Cl, sont fortement minéralisées et contiennent une charge en fluorure beaucoup plus élevée que les normes permises. Les résultats de diverses approches (hydrogrammes des fleuves, hydrochimie, isotopes environnementaux et tomographie 2D) sont concordants et montrent une percolation rapide des eaux de pluie et une forte interaction entre les eaux de surface et les eaux souterraines. Les résultats de modélisation numérique confirment la forte interaction eau souterraine - eaux de surface

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Gabaldon, Moreno Andrea. "Förnybar energi-driven membrandestillering för rening av dricksvatten: Main Ethiopian Rift Valley fallstudie." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-244403.

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Fluoride is present in all type of water sources, but levels beyond the current World Health Organization guideline of 1.5 mg/L can be very harmful for people’s health. Due to the volcanic nature of rocks in the Ethiopian Rift Valley, groundwater is contaminated with fluoride, and studies have even recorded levels up to 26 mg/L. These excessive levels are affecting more than 14 million women and children in Ethiopia. Providing population with safe and clean water could help to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 6 (i.e. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all) from the United Nations. Membrane distillation systems have been extensively tested in literature, proving to be effective in removing fluoride, even at higher concentration levels (500 mg/L). Membrane distillation is a heat driven system that works under feed water temperatures below 100 ºC. Renewable energy sources such as geothermal, solar or biomass can be used to provide that heat. This report evaluates techno-economically different technologies using TRNSYS: flat plate solar collectors, evacuated tube solar collectors and biogas from animal dung, as heat source for the membrane distillation unit. The size of the hypothetical installations was optimized to cover the demand of 30 households. Several indicators were calculated to compare the different technologies: specific energy demand, water production, and efficiency of the systems. Investment costs and operation and management costs were considered to calculate total costs and payback period of the different installations. The results show that the best techno-economic option to be installed is a hybrid model that includes a combined heat and power unit powered by biogas and evacuated tube collectors, as can meet the demand with one membrane distillation unit and also supplies electricity and biogas for cooking. However, depending on the specific location, the availability of solar radiation and manure can vary, and consequently the best option will change. In case the existence of livestock is limited, three membrane distillation units coupled with 85 m2 of evacuated tube collectors can cover the demand. If the availability of sun is limited one membrane unit coupled with a standalone biogas unit can be considered. Flat plate collectors are never the best option, as they require the biggest investment cost. Nevertheless, the existence of local manufacturers can decrease the costs.
Fluor finns i alla typer av vattenkällor, men koncentrationer som ligger över nuvarande Världshälsoorganisationens riktlinjer (max 1.5 mg/L) kan vara skadlig för hälsan. Grundvatten vid Ethiopian Rift Valley innehåller höga fluorhalter på grund av geologiska orsaker, och studier har visat nivåer upp till 26 mg/L. Sådana höga halter påverkar över 14 millioner Etiopiska kvinnor och barn negativt. Att tillgodose befolkningen med säkert och rent dricksvatten skulle bidra till uppfyllelsen av FN:s Hållbarhetsmål nr 6 (Säkerställa tillgång till och hållbar vatten- och sanitetsförvaltning för alla). Membrandestillering har testats grundligt och har visat sig att vara en effektiv teknik för fluorseparering även vid höga halter (över 500 mg/L). Membrandestillering ar en värmedriven process som utnyttjar källor under 100 ºC. Värmen kan fås från förnybara energikällor som geotermisk energi, solenergi och biobränsle. Denna rapport presenterar en tekno-ekonomisk utvärdering av olika teknik med TRNSYS: plan solfångare, vakuumrörsolfångare och biogas från boskapsgödsel. Storleken hos de undersökta systemen optimerades för att täcka behovet av 30 hushåll. Flera indikatorer beräknades för att jämföra de olika teknikerna: specifika energibehov, vattenproduktion och systemens verkningsgrader. Investeringskostnaderna och drift- och underhållskostnaderna låg som grund för att bestämma bruttokostnaderna och återbetalningstiderna av de olika systemen. Resultaten visar att den mest fördelaktiga konfigurationen består av en hybrid av biogas och vakuumrörsolfångare. Detta system tillgodoser vattenbehovet och dessutom levererar el och gas för matlagning. Tillgången till solenergi och gödsel spelar en viktig roll när det gäller systemvalet. Om tillgång till gödsel är begränsad kan efterfrågan täcks genom tre membrandestilleringsenheter kopplade till 85 m2 vakuumrörsolfångare. Däremot om solenergin är begränsad kan ett system med en membrandestilleringsenhet kopplade till en biogasanläggning tillgodose vattenbehovet. Plan solfångare är aldrig ett bra alternativ eftersom de kräver höga investeringskostnader. Tillgång till lokal tillverkning kan dock minska sådana kostnader.

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Books on the topic "Rift valley Ethiopia"

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Climate variability and change in the Rift Valley and Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia: Local knowledge, impacts, and adaptation. Berlin: Logos Verlag Berlin, 2013.

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name, No. Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes. Leiden: Backhuys, 2001.

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Nin-Pratt, Alejandro. Benefits and costs of compliance of sanitary regulations in livestock markets: The case of Rift Valley fever in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. Edited by International Livestock Research Institute. Nairobi: International Livestock Research Institute, 2005.

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Tadesse, Kebede. A pocket photographic guide to some of the birds of the Ethiopian middle Rift Valley. Addis Ababa: Washera Publishers, 2007.

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Muzein, Bedru Sherefa. Remote sensing & GIS for land cover/land use change detection and analysis in the semi-natural ecosystems and agriculture landscapes of the Central Ethiopian Rift Valley. Berlin: Rhombos-Verlag, 2010.

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C, Tudorancea, and Taylor W. D, eds. Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes. Leiden: Backhuys, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rift valley Ethiopia"

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Ayele, Gebiaw T., Solomon S. Demessie, Kassa T. Mengistu, Seifu A. Tilahun, and Assefa M. Melesse. "Multitemporal Land Use/Land Cover Change Detection for the Batena Watershed, Rift Valley Lakes Basin, Ethiopia." In Springer Geography, 51–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18787-7_4.

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Jothimani, Muralitharan, Abel Abebe, and Gosaye Berhanu. "Applications of Geospatial Technologies and Frequency Ratio Method in Groundwater Potential Mapping in Iyenda River Catchment, Konso Area, Rift Valley, Ethiopia." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 135–53. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1862-9_9.

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Mekuriaw, Abate. "Towards a Methodological Approach to Document and Analyze Local Knowledge of Climate Change: With Evidence from Rift Valley and Blue Nile Basins, Ethiopia." In Climate Change Management, 689–710. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49520-0_43.

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Williams, Martin. "Ethiopian Highlands and Rift Valley (1971–1978)." In Nile Waters, Saharan Sands, 59–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25445-6_8.

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Perry, Brian, Bernard Bett, Eric Fèvre, Delia Grace, and Thomas Fitz Randolph. "Veterinary epidemiology at ILRAD and ILRI, 1987-2018." In The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute, 208–38. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241853.0208.

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Abstract This chapter describes the activities of the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and its predecessor, the International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (ILRAD) from 1987 to 2018. Topics include scientific impacts; economic impact assessment; developmental impacts; capacity development; partnerships; impacts on human resources capacity in veterinary epidemiology; impacts on national animal health departments and services; impacts on animal health constraints in developing countries; impacts on ILRI's research and strategy; the introduction of veterinary epidemiology and economics at ILRAD; field studies in Kenya; tick-borne disease dynamics in eastern and southern Africa; heartwater studies in Zimbabwe; economic impact assessments of tick-borne diseases; tick and tick-borne disease distribution modelling; modelling the infection dynamics of vector-borne diseases; economic impact of trypanosomiasis; the epidemiology of resistance to trypanocides; the development of a modelling technique for evaluating control options; sustainable trypanosomiasis control in Uganda and in the Ghibe Valley of Ethiopia; spatial modelling of tsetse distributions; preventing and containing trypanocide resistance in the cotton zone of West Africa; rabies research; the economic impacts of rinderpest control; applying economic impact assessment tools to foot and mouth disease (FMD) control, the southern Africa FMD economic impact study; economic impacts of FMD in Peru, Colombia and India; economic impacts of FMD control in endemic settings in low- and middle-income countries; the global FMD research alliance (GFRA); Rift Valley fever; economic impact assessment of control options and calculation of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs); RVF risk maps for eastern Africa; land-use change and RVF infection and disease dynamics; epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites; priorities in animal health research for poverty reduction; the Wellcome Trust Epidemiology Initiatives; the broader economic impact contributions; the responses to highly pathogenic avian influenza; the International Symposium on Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics (ISVEE) experience, the role of epidemiology in ILRAD and ILRI and the impacts of ILRAD and ILRI's epidemiology; capacity development in veterinary epidemiology and impact assessment; impacts on national animal health departments and services; impacts on animal health constraints in developing countries and impacts on ILRI's research and strategy.

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Mohammed, M. U., R. Bonnefille, and Kebede Seifu. "Pigment Analysis of Short Cores from the Central Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes." In Advances in Global Change Research, 471–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48201-0_19.

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Belete, Mulugeta Dadi, David Hebart-Coleman, Ruth E. Mathews, and Cryton Zazu. "Building foundations for source-to-sea management: the case of sediment management in the Lake Hawassa sub-basin of the Ethiopian Rift Valley." In Source-to-Sea Management, 3–21. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003241430-2.

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Potts, Richard, and Daniel Cole. "The Role of GIS in the Interdisciplinary Investigations at Olorgesailie, Kenya, a Pleistocene Archaeological Locality." In Anthropology, Space, and Geographic Information Systems. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195085754.003.0015.

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A geographic information system is an ideal tool for use in interdisciplinary studies because it provides automated means of linking and relating different spatial databases. In this paper we discuss GIS applications to ongoing archaeological and paleoecological studies at Olorgesailie, an early hominid archaeological locality in the rift valley of southern Kenya and one of the most noted Acheulian handaxe sites worldwide (Isaac 1977). The questions being asked in early hominid archaeology require thinking beyond individual artifacts and site excavations to broader spatial scales within welldefined time intervals (or chronostratigraphic units) (Blumenschine and Masao 1991; Potts 1991). The sedimentary exposures at Olorgesailie permit the smallest spatial scale of individual artifacts and fossils to be integrated with regional-scale studies. Since many of the GIS applications are still in initial form, the purpose here is largely to illustrate the conceptual framework by which GIS integrates the analysis of spatial data at varying geographic scales in the Olorgesailie basin. Covering over 4000 km in length, the African Rift System trends southward from the Afar Triangle in the Red Sea region to south of the Zambezi River in Zambia. The numerous continental rift basins that make up the rift system have a complex structural and volcanic history. For most of its length, the African Rift traverses Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania. The rift is divisible into eastern and western portions, which merge into a broad faulted region in northern Tanzania (Baker et al. 1972). Between the eastern and western rifts, occupying portions of Uganda, Tanzania, and northern Kenya, is an uplifted plateau 1000 to 1200 m in elevation. Uplifted, elongated domal structures located in Ethiopia and Kenya form the structural base from which the East African Rift System has developed. The rocks that make up this shield complex are Precambrian gneisses, quartzites, and schists. In addition to intrusions by dikes and plutons, these basement rocks have been altered by partial melting and metamorphism. Significant though episodic uplift of the Kenyan dome and its flanks during the late Cretaceous and middle and late Tertiary contributed to the development of a graben structure (Baker 1986; Baker et al. 1972).

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Habte, Endeshaw, Kidane Tumsa, Berhanu Amsalu Fenta, and Abiy Tilahun. "CHAPTER 4: Engaging farmers in technology evaluation and promotion: Farmer Research Groups on common beans in the Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia." In Farmer Research Groups, 55–79. Practical Action Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780449005.004.

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Kimbel, William H., Yoel Rak, Donald C. Johanson, Ralph L. Holloway, and Michael S. Yuan. "Background." In The Skull of Australopithecus afarensis. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195157062.003.0004.

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Australopithecus afarensis is a fossil hominin species known from at least four East African Rift Valley sites ranging from northern Ethiopia in the north to northern Tanzania in the south and bridging the time period between approximately 3.6 and 3.0 million years ago (Ma). First identified in the late 1970s as the bipedal but craniodentally apelike rootstock from which later Australopithecus and Homo evolved (Johanson et al., 1978; Johanson and White, 1979), A. afarensis constituted the first substantial record of unequivocal human ancestors older than 3.0 million years (Myr). An array of more recently made discoveries have placed A. afarensis in a pivotal position in early hominin phylogeny, bracketed in time between, on the one hand, two temporally successive species, A. anamensis and Ardipithecus ramidus, that jointly extend the hominin record back to 4.4 Ma (M. Leakey et al., 1995, 1998; White et al., 1994, 1995), and, on the other hand, the earliest strong (stratigraphic) evidence for hominin lineage diversification, with the first known records of A. africanus (ca. 2.7 Ma) in southern Africa, and of A. aethiopicus (ca. 2.7 Ma) and A. garhi (2.5 Ma) in eastern Africa (Walker et al., 1986; Asfaw et al., 1999).2 The task of sorting out the relationships among all of these species hinges on the interpretation of A. afarensis itself, from its alpha taxonomy and phylogenetic role to its pattern of evolution over time. A prerequisite to achieving this goal is a more complete knowledge of the A. afarensis fossil record, narrowing gaps in our knowledge of anatomy and variation, as well as of distributions in space and time. On sample size alone, A. afarensis is the best-known hominin species in the eastern African fossil record. The vast majority of fossils in the A. afarensis hypodigm, some 360 specimens, or approximately 90% of the total, have been recovered at the Hadar site, from the 200+ meter sequence of silts, sands, and clays that comprise the Hadar Formation, which is exposed along the drainages of the Awash River in the Afar Depression of northern Ethiopia (Johanson et al., 1982a; Kimbel et al., 1994).

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Conference papers on the topic "Rift valley Ethiopia"

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Jothimani, Muralitharan, Jagadeshan Gunalan, Radhakrishnan Duraisamy, and Abel Abebe. "Study the Relationship Between LULC, LST, NDVI, NDWI and NDBI in Greater Arba Minch Area, Rift Valley, Ethiopia." In 3rd International Conference on Integrated Intelligent Computing Communication & Security (ICIIC 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahis.k.210913.023.

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Watanabe, Hiroshi. "Comprehensive rock-type classification by ASTER data over the Ethiopian Rift Valley." In Remote Sensing, edited by Roland Meynart, Steven P. Neeck, and Haruhisa Shimoda. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.567954.

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Nyachoti, Syprose, Segun Adebayo, and Tewodros Godebo. "ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF STAPLE CEREAL CROPS GROWN IN THE MAIN ETHIOPIAN RIFT VALLEY." In GSA 2020 Connects Online. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020am-359508.

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Tekle, Abadi. "Assessment of climate change impact on water availability of bilate watershed, ethiopian rift valley basin." In IEEE AFRICON 2015. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2015.7332041.

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Mechal, Abraham, Tewodros Rango, and Steffen Birk. "Application of Multi-Hydrochemical Indices for Spatial Groundwater Quality Assessment: Ziway Lake Basin of the Ethiopian Rift Valley." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.1769.

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Haas, Susanne, and Richard Gloaguen. "Land cover classification and change detection as a basis for hydrological runoff modelling in the Main Ethiopian Rift Valley." In 2009 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2009.5416899.

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Nyachoti, Syprose, Segun Adebayo, and Tewodros Godebo. "Metals and Trace Elements Composition of Maize, Wheat, and Teff Grown in Volcanic-Ash Rich Soils of the Main Ethiopian Rift Valley." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.1957.

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