Journal articles: 'Rigid foam'

1

Nagamori, Fumitaka. "Rigid Polypropylene Foam “Zetlon”." Seikei-Kakou 25, no. 8 (July 20, 2013): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.25.392.

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Kim, K. U., B. C. Kim, S. M. Hong, and S. K. Park. "Foam Processing with Rigid Polyvinylchloride." International Polymer Processing 4, no. 4 (December 1989): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/217.890225.

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Widya, Tomy, and Christopher W. Macosko. "Nanoclay‐Modified Rigid Polyurethane Foam." Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B 44, no. 6 (November 2005): 897–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222340500364809.

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Yang, Chao, Zhe-Hui Zhuang, and Zhen-Guo Yang. "Pulverized polyurethane foam particles reinforced rigid polyurethane foam and phenolic foam." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 131, no. 1 (August 26, 2013): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.39734.

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Li, Yang, and Arthur J. Ragauskas. "Kraft Lignin-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam." Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology 32, no. 3 (July 2012): 210–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02773813.2011.652795.

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Kirpluks, Mikelis, Ugis Cabulis, Viesturs Zeltins, Laura Stiebra, and Andris Avots. "Rigid Polyurethane Foam Thermal Insulation Protected with Mineral Intumescent Mat." Autex Research Journal 14, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aut-2014-0026.

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Abstract One of the biggest disadvantages of rigid polyurethane (PU) foams is its low thermal resistance, high flammability and high smoke production. Greatest advantage of this thermal insulation material is its low thermal conductivity (λ), which at 18-28 mW/(m•K) is superior to other materials. To lower the flammability of PU foams, different flame retardants (FR) are used. Usually, industrially viable are halogenated liquid FRs but recent trends in EU regulations show that they are not desirable any more. Main concern is toxicity of smoke and health hazard form volatiles in PU foam materials. Development of intumescent passive fire protection for foam materials would answer problems with flammability without using halogenated FRs. It is possible to add expandable graphite (EG) into PU foam structure but this increases the thermal conductivity greatly. Thus, the main advantage of PU foam is lost. To decrease the flammability of PU foams, three different contents 3%; 9% and 15% of EG were added to PU foam formulation. Sample with 15% of EG increased λ of PU foam from 24.0 to 30.0 mW/(m•K). This paper describes the study where PU foam developed from renewable resources is protected with thermally expandable intumescent mat from Technical Fibre Products Ltd. (TFP) as an alternative to EG added into PU material. TFP produces range of mineral fibre mats with EG that produce passive fire barrier. Two type mats were used to develop sandwich-type PU foams. Also, synergy effect of non-halogenated FR, dimethyl propyl phosphate and EG was studied. Flammability of developed materials was assessed using Cone Calorimeter equipment. Density, thermal conductivity, compression strength and modulus of elasticity were tested for developed PU foams. PU foam morphology was assessed from scanning electron microscopy images.

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Gu, Xiaohua, Hongxiang Luo, Ke Xv, Wenxiang Qiu, and Peng Chen. "Preparation and Characterization of GF Modified Waste Rigid Polyurethane Foam." Materiale Plastice 57, no. 4 (January 6, 2021): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.20.4.5426.

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The preparation of polyether polyols from waste rigid polyurethane foam has been achieved by chemical degradation of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol as the degradation agent. Then, the modified rigid polyurethane foam was prepared by polyether polyols and glass fiber. To detect the characteristic of rigid polyurethane foam, the density, water absorption, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, infrared spectrum, morphology structure had been tested. Finally, the best degradation formula was explored, and the modified rigid polyurethane foam had been prepared from the recycled polyol.

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Al-Moameri, Harith, Rima Ghoreishi, Yusheng Zhao, and Galen J. Suppes. "Impact of the maximum foam reaction temperature on reducing foam shrinkage." RSC Advances 5, no. 22 (2015): 17171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra12540a.

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9

EL – Soaly, I. S. A. "USING RICE STRAW TO REINFORCE RIGID FOAM." Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering 26, no. 4 (October 1, 2009): 1952–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/mjae.2009.107580.

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10

Hobbs, Michael L., Kenneth L. Erickson, and Tze Y. Chu. "Modeling decomposition of unconfined rigid polyurethane foam." Polymer Degradation and Stability 69, no. 1 (June 2000): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-3910(00)00040-9.

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11

Arai, S., Y. Tsutsumi, and D. W. Lowe. "Amine Catalyst for Refrigerator Rigid Foam Application." Journal of Cellular Plastics 22, no. 4 (July 1986): 314–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x8602200404.

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12

Moore, D. R., W. A. Kaplan, and R. L. Tabor. "Low Permeability Polyols for Rigid Foam Applications." Journal of Cellular Plastics 29, no. 5 (September 1993): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x9302900566.

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13

Grimminger, J., and K. Muha. "Silicone Surfactants for Pentane Blown Rigid Foam." Journal of Cellular Plastics 29, no. 5 (September 1993): 474–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x9302900589.

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Grimminger, J., and K. Muha. "Silicone Surfactants for Pentane Blown Rigid Foam." Journal of Cellular Plastics 31, no. 1 (January 1995): 48–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x9503100104.

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15

Moore, D. R., W. A. Kaplan, and R. L. Tabor. "Low Permeability Polyols for Rigid Foam Applications." Journal of Cellular Plastics 31, no. 5 (September 1995): 445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x9503100504.

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16

Carter, Roy, Jin Wang, Patrick C. Lee, and Chul B. Park. "Continuous Foam Extrusion of Rigid-rod Polyphenylenes." Journal of Cellular Plastics 41, no. 1 (January 2005): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x05049871.

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17

Neilsen, M. K., R. D. Krieg, and H. L. Schreyer. "A constitutive theory for rigid polyurethane foam." Polymer Engineering and Science 35, no. 5 (March 1995): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760350503.

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18

Dey, S. K., C. Jacob, and M. Xanthos. "Inert-gas extrusion of rigid PVC foam." Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 2, no. 1 (March 1996): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.10093.

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19

Biedermann, Anja, Caroline Kudoke, Anne Merten, Edel Minogue, Udo Rotermund, Holger Seifert, Hans-Peter Ebert, Ulrich Heinemann, and Jochen Fricke. "Heat-transfer mechanisms in polyurethane rigid foam." High Temperatures-High Pressures 33, no. 6 (2001): 699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/htwu71.

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20

LESZCZYNSKA, MILENA, JOANNA RYSZKOWSKA, and LEONARD SZCZEPKOWSKI. "Rigid polyurethane foam composites with nut shells." Polimery 65, no. 10 (October 2020): 728–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2020.10.8.

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21

Alavi Nikje, Mir Mohammad, Mohammad Amin Farahmand Nejad, Keyvan Shabani, and Moslem Haghshenas. "Preparation of magnetic polyurethane rigid foam nanocomposites." Colloid and Polymer Science 291, no. 4 (October 3, 2012): 903–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-012-2808-6.

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22

Liu, Jia Sheng. "Analysis of the Development and Application of Rigid Polyurethane Foam Material." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 4319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.4319.

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Due to its excellent performance, the rigid polyurethane has been widely used in the building construction nowdays. This paper introduces what is rigid polyurethane foam and its main chemical constituents of the composition and principle, describes the main properties of rigid polyurethane foams and its present application status and development prospects, to provide reference for further development and research of the rigid polyurethane foam in the days to come.

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23

Ridha, M., V. P. W. Shim, and L. M. Yang. "An Elongated Tetrakaidecahedral Cell Model for Fracture in Rigid Polyurethane Foam." Key Engineering Materials 306-308 (March 2006): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.306-308.43.

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A fracture criterion for rigid polyurethane foam is developed based on idealization of constituent cells by elongated tetrakaidecahedra. The ability of the proposed geometrical model to mimic the fracture characteristics of actual rigid polyurethane foam is examined and a fracture criterion derived analytically. In tandem, the fracture properties of an actual rigid polyurethane foam are obtained from mechanical tests. The fracture criterion based on the model exhibits correspondence with the behavior of actual foam. Consequently, this model constitutes a suitable basis for further investigation into the mechanical properties of actual polymeric foams.

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24

Vashisht, Urvashi, and Jyotsna Kaushal. "Synthesis and Kinetic Studies of Rigid Polyurethane Foam Based on Modiied Castor Oil." Chitkara Chemistry Review 1, no. 2 (September 2, 2013): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/ccr.2013.12012.

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25

Günther, Martin, Alessandra Lorenzetti, and Bernhard Schartel. "Fire Phenomena of Rigid Polyurethane Foams." Polymers 10, no. 10 (October 19, 2018): 1166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10101166.

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Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) typically exhibit low thermal inertia, resulting in short ignition times and rapid flame spread. In this study, the fire phenomena of RPUFs were investigated using a multi-methodological approach to gain detailed insight into the fire behaviour of pentane- and water-blown polyurethane (PUR) as well as pentane-blown polyisocyanurate polyurethane (PIR) foams with densities ranging from 30 to 100 kg/m3. Thermophysical properties were studied using thermogravimetry (TG); flammability and fire behaviour were investigated by means of the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and a cone calorimeter. Temperature development in burning cone calorimeter specimens was monitored with thermocouples inside the foam samples and visual investigation of quenched specimens’ cross sections gave insight into the morphological changes during burning. A comprehensive investigation is presented, illuminating the processes taking place during foam combustion. Cone calorimeter tests revealed that in-depth absorption of radiation is a significant factor in estimating the time to ignition. Cross sections examined with an electron scanning microscope (SEM) revealed a pyrolysis front with an intact foam structure underneath, and temperature measurement inside burning specimens indicated that, as foam density increased, their burning behaviour shifted towards that of solid materials. The superior fire performance of PIR foams was found to be based on the cellular structure, which is retained in the residue to some extent.

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Uram, Katarzyna, Maria Kurańska, Jacek Andrzejewski, and Aleksander Prociak. "Rigid Polyurethane Foams Modified with Biochar." Materials 14, no. 19 (September 27, 2021): 5616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195616.

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This paper presents results of research on the preparation of biochar-modified rigid polyurethane foams that could be successfully used as thermal insulation materials. The biochar was introduced into polyurethane systems in an amount of up to 20 wt.%. As a result, foam cells became elongated in the direction of foam growth and their cross-sectional areas decreased. The filler-containing systems exhibited a reduction in their apparent densities of up to 20% compared to the unfilled system while maintaining a thermal conductivity of 25 mW/m·K. Biochar in rigid polyurethane foams improved their dimensional and thermal stability.

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27

Kaur, Raminder, and Mukesh Kumar. "Function of silicon oil in the castor oil based rigid polyurethane foams." Journal of Polymer Engineering 33, no. 9 (December 1, 2013): 875–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2013-0083.

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Abstract Rigid polyurethane foams are one of the most important cellular plastics. Castor oil was modified with glycerol to form the polyol and reacted with methyl diisocyanate and different proportions of silicon oil to achieve rigid polyurethane foam. Prepared foam was tested for its density and mechanical properties. It was found that compressive and flexural strength was improved with silicon oil content. The morphology of the resulted foams was also studied using scanning electron microscope, and it was observed that the cell size was reduced with silicon oil content, indicating a more dense and packed structure. With further increase in the silicon oil content, foam properties showed a slight decrease in value.

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28

Tan, Qin Liang, Yong Mei Wei, Min Nan Wang, and Yuan Liu. "Study on the Effect of 1,2-PDO and DEA on Reaction Efficiency of Alcoholysis Processes for Rigid Polyurethane Foam." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.91.

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The reaction efficiency of rigid PU foam alcoholysis in different conditions is studied in this research. The 1,2-propanediol and DEA are respectively used as alcoholysis agent and catalyst in the experiment. The influence of 1,2- propanediol/rigid and DEA/rigid PU foam weight ratios on the decomposed product is examined, and the respective alcoholysis efficiencies are also investigated. According to the experiment, two weight ratios (i.e. 2:1 for 1,2-PDO/rigid PU foam, and 0.1:1 for DEA/rigid PU foam) can be identified to make the reaction more efficient with less 1,2-PDO and DEA inputs.

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29

Ji, Dong, Zheng Fang, Zhi Dong Wan, Hai Chao Chen, Wei He, Xiao Lin Li, and Kai Guo. "Rigid Polyurethane Foam Based on Modified Soybean Oil." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 1681–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.1681.

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Two bio-based polyols (Polyol-r and Polyol-t) were synthesized from commercially available epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO). Polyol-r was obtained from ring opening of ESBO in the presence of fluoboric acid, while Polyol-t from a transesterification of Polyol-r with glycerol through a litharge catalyst. A rigid polyurethane foam was prepared by mixed polyols (Polyol-t and commercial 635 polyether polyol) with 4,4'-methylene-bis (phenyl isocyanate). The hydroxyl value of Polyol-t was higher than that of Polyol-r, which was also backed up by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Scanning electron microscope examination revealed that the foam has closed cells. The test of performances of the foam shows that it possesses an excellent dimension stability and compressive strength.

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30

Skowronski, M. J., and M. E. Londrigan. "Organic Surfactants for Rigid Urethane and Isocyanurate Foam." Journal of Cellular Plastics 22, no. 3 (May 1986): 235–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x8602200305.

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31

Fujino, H., K. Matsubara, N. Tokoro, and T. Nozawa. "Improvement of Demold Time for Rigid Polyurethane Foam." Journal of Cellular Plastics 25, no. 6 (November 1989): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x8902500601.

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32

Fujino, H., K. Matsubara, N. Tokoro, and T. Nozawa. "Improvement of Demold Time for Rigid Polyurethane Foam." Journal of Cellular Plastics 25, no. 6 (November 1989): 529–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x8902500607.

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33

Alian, Ali M., and Nidal H. Abu-Zahra. "Mechanical Properties of Rigid Foam PVC-Clay Nanocomposites." Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering 48, no. 10 (September 9, 2009): 1014–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03602550903092526.

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34

SHIMIZU, Katsuhiko. "Design of Polyol for Rigid Polyurethane Foam （spray）." Journal of The Adhesion Society of Japan 55, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.11618/adhesion.55.199.

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35

Murayama, Satoshi, Kenji Fukuda, Tadashi Kimura, and Toshiaki Sasahara. "Water-blown Polyurethane Rigid Foam Modified with Maleate." Journal of Cellular Plastics 41, no. 4 (July 2005): 373–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x05055117.

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36

Singh, Harpal. "Rigid Polyurethane Foam: A Versatile Energy Efficient Material." Key Engineering Materials 678 (February 2016): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.678.88.

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Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is typically prepared by the reaction of an isocyanate, such as methyl diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) with a polyol blend. During the polymerization reaction, a blowing agent expands the reacting mixture. The finished product is a solid, cellular polymer with a high thermal resistance. RPUF is an outstanding material for different applications. It has many desirable properties such as low thermal conductivity, low density, low water absorption, low moisture permeability, excellent dimensional stability, high strength to weight ratio. So, it is the best insulating material for industrial buildings, cold storages, telecom and defense shelters due to low thermal conductivity, low density, low moisture permeability and high porosity. It works to reduce heating and cooling loss, improving the efficiency of the building envelope. Thus, RPUF insulation in building envelopes brings additional benefits in energy savings, resulting in lower energy bills and protecting the environment by cutting CO2 emissions.

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37

Veronese, Vinícius B., Rodrigo K. Menger, Maria Madalena de C. Forte, and Cesar L. Petzhold. "Rigid polyurethane foam based on modified vegetable oil." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 120, no. 1 (October 19, 2010): 530–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.33185.

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38

Rabinovitch, Elvira B., James D. Isner, James A. Sidor, and Daniel J. Wiedl. "Effect of extrusion conditions on rigid PVC foam." Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 3, no. 3 (September 1997): 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.10193.

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39

Lilley, K., and A. Mani. "Roof-Crush Strength Improvement Using Rigid Polyurethane Foam." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 7, no. 4 (August 1, 1998): 511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1361/105994998770347666.

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40

Enderus, N. F., and S. M. Tahir. "Green waste cooking oil-based rigid polyurethane foam." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 271 (November 2017): 012062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/271/1/012062.

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41

Pozorski, Zbigniew. "Numerical modelling of the rigid polyurethane foam microstructure." MATEC Web of Conferences 157 (2018): 06008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815706008.

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The paper presents a numerical model of 2-D microstructure of rigid polyurethane foam. The selection of geometric and material parameters is presented. For a particular structure, its behavior has been studied for typical cases of external loads (or forced displacements). The characteristic phenomena have been identified and described. A parametric analysis was performed due to the dimension of the cross-section of the struts which form the cell edges. An analysis of the impact of support and loading conditions on the behavior of the cell structure was performed.

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42

Booth, R. J., and M. P. Drouin. "R-Value Aging of Rigid Foam Insulation Products." Journal of Thermal Insulation 13, no. 2 (October 1989): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109719638901300205.

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43

Linul, Emanoil, Cristina Vălean, and Petrică-Andrei Linul. "Compressive Behavior of Aluminum Microfibers Reinforced Semi-Rigid Polyurethane Foams." Polymers 10, no. 12 (November 23, 2018): 1298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10121298.

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Unreinforced and reinforced semi-rigid polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared and their compressive behavior was investigated. Aluminum microfibers (AMs) were added to the formulations to investigate their effect on mechanical properties and crush performances of closed-cell semi-rigid PU foams. Physical and mechanical properties of foams, including foam density, quasi-elastic gradient, compressive strength, densification strain, and energy absorption capability, were determined. The quasi-static compression tests were carried out at room temperature on cubic samples with a loading speed of 10 mm/min. Experimental results showed that the elastic properties and compressive strengths of reinforced semi-rigid PU foams were increased by addition of AMs into the foams. This increase in properties (61.81%-compressive strength and 71.29%-energy absorption) was obtained by adding up to 1.5% (of the foam liquid mass) aluminum microfibers. Above this upper limit of 1.5% AMs (e.g., 2% AMs), the compressive behavior changes and the energy absorption increases only by 12.68%; while the strength properties decreases by about 14.58% compared to unreinforced semi-rigid PU foam. The energy absorption performances of AMs reinforced semi-rigid PU foams were also found to be dependent on the percentage of microfiber in the same manner as the elastic and strength properties.

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Thirumal, M., Dipak Khastgir, Nikhil K. Singha, B. S. Manjunath, and Y. P. Naik. "Effect of foam density on the properties of water blown rigid polyurethane foam." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 108, no. 3 (2008): 1810–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.27712.

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Kumar, Mukesh, and Raminder Kaur. "Glass fiber reinforced rigid polyurethane foam: synthesis and characterization." e-Polymers 17, no. 6 (October 26, 2017): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2017-0072.

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AbstractThe present study emphasizes the reinforcement of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) by the addition of glass fibers (GFs) for diverse engineering applications. In contrast to the conventional RPUF, the foam developed in this case is castor oil based. The developed reinforced foam was tested for its mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile, flexural and compressive strength and for its morphology. Mechanical properties of the resulted reinforced RPUF were found to be improved with addition of the GF content. The foam density was also observed to be increased with the insertion of GF. The SEM results clearly indicated the decreased cell size in the reinforced RPUF.

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46

Liu, Lizhu, Weiliang Li, Weiwei Cui, Xiaorui Zhang, and Weng Ling. "Performance study of flame-retardant semi-rigid polyurethane foam with modified expandable graphite." Pigment & Resin Technology 45, no. 6 (November 7, 2016): 450–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-12-2015-0130.

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Purpose In this paper, boric acid was loaded on the surface of expandable graphite (EG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and silane coupling agent (KH550) served as a bridge. The purpose of this study was to improve the flame retardant properties of semi-rigid polyurethane, meanwhile, the mechanical properties of the foam got ameliorated. Design/methodology/approach PVA was dissolved in hot water. EG was added to this solution. After stirring for 0.5 h at 85°C in ultrasonic agitation, the system was put at room temperature to cool. The silane coupling agent KH550 was added dropwise into the solution system, stirring to fully hydrolyze. Boric acid was added into the system, placing it in an oven at 90°C to dry after filtration. Changing of flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of semi-rigid polyurethane adding modified EG were characterized. Findings The flame retardant performance of the foam with EG has been improved, whereas the tensile strength decreased with an increase in the content of EG. After adding modified EG, compared to semi-rigid polyurethane with EG, flame retardant performance and tensile strength of the foam improved. Research limitations/implications In the study reported here, the surface of EG was modified by boric acid. The modified EG was added into semi-rigid polyurethane foam. The flame retardant performance and tensile strength of the foam after adding modified EG were discussed. Results of this research could benefit in-depth study of the influence of adding modified EG to semi-rigid polyurethane. The study could promote the application of flame-retardant polyurethane foam. Originality/value The flame retardant performance and tensile strength of the semi-rigid polyurethane were improved by adding modified EG. The effects of modified EG on the flame retardant performance and tensile strength of semi-rigid polyurethane were discussed in detail.

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47

Shi, Ai Hua, Guang Cheng Zhang, Heng Tai Pan, Zhong Lei Ma, and Chen Hui Zhao. "Preparation and Properties of Rigid Cross-Linked PVC Foam." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 1056–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.1056.

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High performance rigid cross-linked PVC foam has been prepared by molding process and boiling foam process with the main materials including polyvinyl chloride paste resin (PVC), liquefied methylene bis-phenyl diisocyanate (MDI-L) and methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA). The chemical structure, cellular structure and thermal properties were respectively characterized by fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermomechanical analyzer (TMA) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Results showed that the foam had a uniform cellular structure, and cell size was about 760μm. The glass transition temperature (Tg) was 81°C and 5% weight loss temperature (T5d) was 252°C.

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48

Tiuc, Ancuta Elena, Ovidiu Nemes, HoraŢiu VermeŞan, Daniela Roxana Tamas Gavrea, and Ovidiu Vasile. "New Sound Absorbing Materials Obtained from Waste Rigid Polyurethane Foam." Materiale Plastice 56, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 1021–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.19.4.5301.

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Polyurethane foam wastes is one of the environmental problems for which are not still the efficient solutions of valorization. This paper presents the possibility of recovering polyurethane foam waste by obtaining some new materials with sound absorption properties. The polyurethane foam wastes were ground and mixed, in proportion of 0, 3, 5, 7 and 12 wt%, with bicomponent polyurethane foam as a binder, resulting 5 new materials. The sound-absorbing properties of the new materials have been determined and it can be observed that the sound-absorbing properties of rigid polyurethane foam with closed pores can be improved by adding polyurethane foam waste to its structure. In addition, the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the new materials were studied.

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49

He, Ming, Yi Jun Shi, Zhen Yang Luo, and Xiao Li Gu. "Preparation and Characterization of Novel Rigid Polyurethane Foams by Epoxidized Soybean Oil." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 1581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.1581.

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A novel rigid polyurethane foam was prepared by using epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) instead of 50% of petrochemical polyol-835 in the B-side of foam formulation. Although there are no significant variations in density and compressive strength of ESBO-based rigid foam compared with petrochemical-based rigid foam, better thermal stability and higher melting point (of polyether section) were attained and proved by TGA, DTG and DSC analysis. Presumably, the improved characterizations could be originated from the long carbon chain of ESBO and especially the oxazolidone structure as indicated in FTIR spectrum.

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Park, Ki-Beom, Hee-Tae Kim, Nam-Yong Her, and Jae-Myung Lee. "Variation of Mechanical Characteristics of Polyurethane Foam: Effect of Test Method." Materials 12, no. 17 (August 22, 2019): 2672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12172672.

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Polyurethane foam (PUF), a representative insulation material, not only prevents heat conduction but can also support a load. Particular interest in rigid PUF proliferated over the past several years in fields where extreme environments are applied. A closed-cell structure which forms the interior of rigid PUF serves to maximize the utilization of these polymeric foams. Rigid PUF is more sensitive to external conditions such as temperature or restraint than other structural materials such as steel. Depending on the market trends in which utilization of a cryogenic environment is expanding, the tendency of material behavior resulting from the binding effect also needs to be investigated. However, most conventional compression test method standards applicable to rigid PUF do not adequately reflect the restraints. Therefore, this study proposes a method for evaluating the mechanical performance of materials in a more reliable manner than that of conventional tests. Experimental observation and analysis validated this compression evaluation method in which constraints are considered. Consequently, the compressive strength of rigid PUF compared to the results of the conventional test showed a difference of up to 0.47 MPa (approximately 23%) at cryogenic temperatures. This result suggests that there are important factors to consider when assessing performance from a material perspective in an environment where rigid PUF insulation is utilized. It is believed that the test methods newly proposed in this study will provide an experimental framework that can be applied to the evaluation criteria of material properties and reflected in structural design.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Rigid foam'

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