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Journal articles on the topic 'Ring-fused aromatic compound'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Skelton, Brian W., and Allan H. White. "7-Methoxyanthra[1,9-de]-1,3,2-dioxathiine-8,11-dione 2,2-dioxide." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 59, no. 11 (2003): o609—o610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270103020420.

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2

Racha, Hanumandlu, Balakishan Vadla, Kavitha Peddolla, and Sailu Betala. "Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Novel Hetero Ring Fused Pyridine Amide Derivatives." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 11 (2019): 2485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.22150.

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A series of novel hetero ring fused pyridine amide derivatives were prepared starting from ethyl furo[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (3) on reaction with ammonia to afford furo[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide (4), compound 4 on reaction with trifluoroacetic acid to give compound 5, which on reaction with bromoethyl acetate followed by hydrazine hydrate to give compound 7. Compound 7 when reacted with different substituted aromatic aldehydes to give Schiff base compounds (8a-l). Similarly, compound 6a when reacted with diverse substituted aliphatic amines to give amide derivatives (9a-h). All the sy

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3

Ishikawa, Yoshinobu. "Crystal structure of 3-acetyl-4H-chromen-4-one." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 7 (2015): o527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015012098.

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In the title compound, C11H8O3, the fused-ring system is almost planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.020 Å), with the largest deviation from the least-squares plane [0.0462 (17) Å] being for a pyran C atom. The dihedral angle between the plane of the fused-ring system and acetyl plane is 5.149 (16)°. In the crystal, the fused rings are linked by aromatic π–π stacking interactions [centroid–centroid distance between the benzene and pyran rings = 3.643 (6) Å] and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, generating a three-dimensional network.

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4

Wang, Xiao-Bing, and Ling-Yi Kong. "2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-7-methyl-4H-chromen-4-one." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 11 (2007): o4340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536807050155.

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The title compound, C16H11ClO2, is a synthetic flavonoid. The fused-ring system is almost planar, with a mean deviation from the least-squares plane of 0.0204 (2) Å. The dihedral angle between the chromene group and the chlorophenyl ring is 50.9 (6)°, due to unfavourable steric interactions with the Cl atom. Aromatic π–π stacking interactions between the fused benzene (π-rich) and pyran (π-deficient) rings are observed, with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.578 Å.

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5

Hammam, Abou Elfatooh G., Nagla A. Abd El-hafeza, Wanda H. Midurab, and Marian Mikołajczyk. "Chemistry of Seven-Membered Heterocycles, VI. Synthesis of Novel Bicyclic Heterocyclic Compounds as Potential Anticancer and Anti-HIV Agents." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 55, no. 5 (2000): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2000-0511.

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Several new pyridines, pyridones and pyrans fused to benzothiepine or benzoheptene ring were synthesized as potential anticancer and anti-HIV agents. The fused-ring pyridines 6. 7 and 17-19 were obtained via the reaction of the seven-membered ring ketones 1, 2 and 3 with an arylidene-malononitrile and by treatment of the ylidenemalononitriles 14, 15 and 16 with aromatic aldehydes, respectively. The corresponding pyridones 11, 12 and 13 were prepared from the ketones 1, 2 and 3 and arylmethylenecyanoacetamide. The synthesis of the fused-ring pyranes 8 and 9 involved the condensation of the keto

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6

Bakhouch, Mohamed, Ghali Al Houari, Mohamed El Yazidi, Mohamed Saadi, and Lahcen El Ammari. "Ethyl 2-amino-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-4H-1-benzothieno[3,2-b]pyran-3-carboxylate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 70, no. 5 (2014): o587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536814008538.

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The molecule of the title compound, C20H16N2O5S, is built up by one fused five-membered and two fused six-membered rings linked to ethoxycarbonyl and 3-nitrophenyl groups. The benzothienopyran ring system is nearly planar (r.m.s deviation = 0.0392 Å) and forms a dihedral angle of 86.90 (6)° with the aromatic ring of the nitrobenzene group. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds and by π–π interactions between the phenyl ring and the six-membered heterocyle [intercentroid distance = 3.5819 (8) Å], forming a three-dimensional network.

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7

Faizi, Md Serajul Haque, Akram Ali, and Vadim A. Potaskalov. "Crystal structure of 9,9′-{(1E,1′E)-[1,4-phenylenebis(azanylylidene)]bis(methanylylidene)}bis(2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-8-ol)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 72, no. 10 (2016): 1366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205698901601344x.

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The whole molecule of the title compound, C32H34N2O2, is generated by inversion symmetry; the central benzene ring being situated about the crystallographic inversion center. The aromatic ring of the julolidine moiety is inclined to the central benzene ring by 33.70 (12)°. There are two intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bonds in the molecule, generatingS(6) ring motifs. The conformation about the C=N bonds isE. The fused non-aromatic rings of the julolidine moiety adopt half-chair conformations. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are linked by pairs of C—H...π interactions, forming a ladder-like

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8

Parikh, D., and P. J. Phillips. "Compound formation in binary mixtures of polyethylene with fused-ring aromatic molecules." Polymer 30, no. 4 (1989): 705–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(89)90159-6.

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9

Liu, Dong-Ming, Xiu-Ying Li, Xiang-Cheng Wang, Chun-Xiang Li, and Chun-Bo Liu. "2-Phenyl-1H-1,3,7,8-tetraazacyclopenta[l]phenanthrene." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 65, no. 6 (2009): o1308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536809017498.

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There are two molecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C19H12N4, with dihedral angles of 2.41 (10) and 10.53 (12)° between the fused ring system and the pendant phenyl ring. In the crystal, molecules are linked into chains by N—H...N hydrogen bonds and aromatic π–π stacking interactions [shortest centroid–centroid distance = 3.6176 (16) Å] complete the structure.

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10

Yennawar, Hemant P., Harnoor Singh, and Lee J. Silverberg. "2,3-Diphenyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyrido[3,2-e][1,3]thiazin-4-one." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 70, no. 6 (2014): o638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536814009714.

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In the racemic title compound, C19H14N2OS, the two phenyl substituents on the 1,3-thiazine ring are almost perpendicular to the pyridine ring which is fused to the thiazine ring [inter-ring dihedral angles = 87.90 (8) and 85.54 (7)°]. The dihedral angle between the two phenyl rings is 75.11 (7)°. The six-membered thiazine ring has an envelope conformation with theortho-related C atom forming the flap. The crystals exhibit face-to-edge aromatic-ring interactions with the nearest C—H...C distance equal to 3.676 (3) Å.

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11

Kumar, Balbir, Manmeet Kour, Satya Paul, Rajni Kant, and Vivek K. Gupta. "Crystal structure of ethyl 4-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-4H-pyrimido[2,1-b][1,3]benzothiazole-3-carboxylate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 9 (2015): o669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015014905.

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In the title compound, C20H17ClN2O2S, the dihedral angle between the planes of the benzothiazole fused ring system (r.m.s. deviation = 0.024 Å) and the chlorobenzene ring is 89.62 (12)°. The ester C—O—C—C side chain has anantiorientation [torsion angle = −155.2 (3)°]. In the crystal, weak aromatic π–π stacking interactions are observed between the phenyl and pyrimidine rings [centroid–centroid seperation = 3.666 (2) Å].

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12

Savithri, M. P., M. Suresh, R. Raghunathan, G. Vimala, and A. SubbiahPandi. "Crystal structure of methyl 3-(3-fluorophenyl)-1-methyl-1,3a,4,9b-tetrahydro-3H-thiochromeno[4,3-c]isoxazole-3a-carboxylate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 8 (2015): o600—o601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015013651.

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In the title compound, C19H18FNO3S, the five-membered oxazolidine ring adopts an envelope conformation with the methine C atom of the fused bond as the flap. Its mean plane is oriented at a dihedral angle of 50.38 (1)° with respect to the fluorophenyl ring. The six-membered thiopyran ring has a half-chair conformation and its mean plane is almost coplanar with the fused benzene ring, making a dihedral angle of 4.94 (10)°. The two aromatic rings are inclined to one another by 85.96 (11)°, and the mean planes of the oxazolidine and thiopyran rings are inclined to one another by 57.64 (12)°. In t

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13

Faizi, Md Serajul Haque, Musheer Ahmad, Anatoly A. Kapshuk, and Irina A. Golenya. "Crystal structure of (E)-9-({[4-(diethylamino)phenyl]imino}methyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-8-ol." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 73, no. 1 (2017): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989016019733.

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The title compound, C23H29N3O, was synthesized from the condensation reaction of 8-hydroxyjulolidine-9-carbaldehyde andN,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine. The hydroxy group forms a intramolecular hydrogen bond to the imine N atom and generates anS(6) ring motif. The conformation about the C=N bond isE, and the aromatic ring of the julolidine moiety is inclined to the benzene ring by 3.74 (14)°. One of the fused non-aromatic rings of the julolidine moiety adopts an envelope conformation and the other has a screw-boat conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H...π interactions involvi

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14

Kaur, Manpreet, Jerry P. Jasinski, Hemmige S. Yathirajan, Channappa N. Kavitha, and Christopher Glidewell. "The crystal structures of three clozapinium salts: different molecular configurations, and supramolecular assembly in one, two and three dimensions." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 4 (2015): 406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205698901500554x.

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The structures of three salts derived from clozapine, 8-chloro-11-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine, are reported, namely, clozapinium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate dimethyl sulfoxide monosolvate, C18H20ClN4+·C7H3N2O6−·C2H6OS, (I), where the dimethyl sulfoxide component is disordered over two sets of atomic sites having occupancies 0.627 (2) and 0.373 (2); clozapinium hydrogen maleate 0.21-hydrate, C18H20ClN4+·C4H3O4−·0.21H2O, (II), and clozapinium 2-hydroxybenzoate, C18H20ClN4+·C7H5O3−, (III). In all three salts, the protonation site is the methylated N atom of the piperazine ring,

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15

Swamy, R. Ranga, Ramakrishna Gowda, K. V. Arjuna Gowda, and Mahantesha Basanagouda. "Crystal structure of 7,8-benzocoumarin-4-acetic acid." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 8 (2015): o617—o618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015014103.

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The fused-ring system in the title compound [systematic name: 2-(2-oxo-2H-benzo[h]chromen-4-yl)acetic acid], C15H10O4, is almost planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.031 Å) and the Car—C—C=O (ar = aromatic) torsion angle for the side chain is −134.4 (3)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by O—H...O hydrogen bonds, generating [100]C(8) chains, where the acceptor atom is the exocyclic O atom of the fused-ring system. The packing is consolidated by a very weak C—H...O hydrogen bond to the same acceptor atom. Together, these interactions lead to undulating (001) layers in the crystal.

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16

Taylor, Robert E., Paul R. Raithby, and Simon J. Teat. "1-Bromopyrene." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 62, no. 4 (2006): o1604—o1605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160053680601052x.

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1-Bromopyrene, C16H9Br, is a planar, fused aromatic organic compound. The molecule is approximately planar with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0243 Å for the ring C atoms and 0.0261 Å for all non-H atoms. A herringbone packing motif based on π-π interactions is observed, with a perpendicular distance between adjacent stacked molecules of 3.519 Å.

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17

Insuasty, Henry, Braulio Insuasty, Edison Castro, Justo Cobo та Christopher Glidewell. "2-Ethylsulfanyl-7-(furan-2-yl)-4-(thiophen-2-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine: π-stacked chains of hydrogen-bondedR22(10) dimers". Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 70, № 9 (2014): 908–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229614018877.

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In the title compound, C15H12N4OS2, the bond distances in the fused heterocyclic system show evidence for aromatic-type delocalization in the pyrazole ring with some bond fixation in the triazine ring. The thiophenyl substituent is slightly disordered over two sets of atomic sites having occupancies of 0.934 (4) and 0.066 (4). The non-H atoms in the entire molecule are nearly coplanar, with the planes of the furanyl substituent and the major orientation of the thiophenyl substituent making dihedral angles of 5.72 (17) and 1.8 (3)°, respectively, with that of the fused ring system. Molecules ar

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18

Yennawar, Hemant P., Lee J. Silverberg, Michael J. Minehan, and John Tierney. "2-(3-Nitrophenyl)-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-1,3-benzothiazin-4-one." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 69, no. 11 (2013): o1679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536813028389.

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The title compound, C20H14N2O3S, has three aromatic rings,viz.(i) a phenyl ring, (ii) a 3-nitrophenyl and (iii) a 1,3-benzothiazine fused-ring system. The dihedral angle between (i) and (ii) is 85.31 (15)°, between (ii) and (iii) is 81.33 (15)° and between (i) and (iii) is 75.73 (15)°. The six-membered 1,3-thiazine ring has an envelope conformation with the C atom in the 2-position forming the flap. In the crystal, molecules are linked by weak C—H...O interactions, forming a three-dimensional network.

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19

Watanabe, Motonori, and Tatsumi Ishihara. "Crystal structure of (E)-2-cyano-3-(12-methyl-12H-benzo[b]phenothiazin-11-yl)acrylic acid." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 70, no. 9 (2014): o1026—o1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536814018388.

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In the title compound, C21H14N2O2S, a donor–acceptor type of benzo[b]phenothiazine (bpz) derivative, the thiazine ring adopts a boat conformation and the bond-angle sum at the N atom is 360.0°. The dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the naphthelene ring system fused to the thiazine ring is 32.76 (5)°. In the crystal, carboxylic-acid inversion dimers linked by pairs of O—H...O hydrogen bonds generateR22(8) loops. Aromatic π–π stacking [shortest centroid–centroid separaton = 3.5242 (13)Å] consolidates the structure and very weak C—H...O and C—H...N interactions also occur.

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20

Ponnusamy, R., V. Sabari, G. Sivakumar, M. Bakthadoss, and S. Aravindhan. "(6bS*,14R*,14aR*)-Methyl 14-(4-methylphenyl)-7-oxo-6b,6c,7,12b,14,14a-hexahydro-1H-pyrano[3,2-c:5,4-c′]dichromene-14a-carboxylate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 69, no. 2 (2013): o267—o268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536813001244.

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In the title compound, C28H22O6, the chromeno ring system is almost planar, with a dihedral angle between the mean planes of the pyran and benzene rings of 1.87 (8)°. The pyran ring bearing the methylphenyl substituent has a half-chair conformation while the other pyran ring has an envelope conformation with the tetrasubstituted C atom as the flap. The benzene ring of the chromeno ring system is inclined to the benzene ring fused to the latter pyran ring by 74.66 (9)°. These aromatic rings are inclined to the 4-methylphenyl ring by 52.67 (9) and 66.63 (10)°, respectively. In the crystal, molec

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21

Ishikawa, Yoshinobu. "Crystal structure of 3-(hydroxymethyl)chromone." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 7 (2015): o495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015011627.

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In the title compound, C10H8O3(systematic name 3-hydroxymethyl-4H-chromen-4-one), the fused-ring system is slightly puckered [dihedral angle between the rings = 3.84 (11)°]. The hydroxy O atom deviates from the heterocyclic ring by 1.422 (1) Å. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of O—H...O hydrogen bonds generateR22(12) loops. The dimers are linked by aromatic π–π stacking [shortest centroid–centroid distance = 3.580 (3) Å], and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, generating a three-dimensional network.

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22

Kaliraj, S., and Muthu K. Kathiravan. "Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Novel Benzimidazole Fused Condensed Thienopyrimdines Derivatives." Current Bioactive Compounds 16, no. 2 (2020): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407214666180808124802.

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Background: Cancer is a major health problem acting as a global killer and one of the leading causes of death. Most cancer chemotherapeutic drugs currently in clinical use are to kill malignant tumour cells by inhibiting some of the mechanisms implied in cellular division. Thienopyrimidines occupy a special position among the fused pyrimidines, along with other pyrimidines containing an annelated five membered hetero aromatic ring; forms a significant class of drugs which exhibit an array of various biological activities. One of the important current anticancer agent gefitinib acts as tyrosine

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23

Büyükgüngör, Orhan, and Mustafa Odabaşoğlu. "Bis(4-ethylanilinium) 4,5-dichlorophthalate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 11 (2007): o4376—o4377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536807050490.

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The crystal structure of the title compound, 2C8H12N+·C8H3Cl2O4 2−, is stabilized by nine N—H...O and four C—H...O hydrogen bonds, and also by C—H...π interactions. Intramolecular C—H...O hydrogen bonds form C(6) chains along the c axis. This chain and the other hydrogen bonds generate edge-fused [R 1 2(6)R 1 2(4)R 4 3(10)R 1 2(4)R 3 2(9)] motifs in a three-dimensional network. The dihedral angles between the carboxylate anion and the cation aromatic ring planes are 75.90 (2) and 68.15 (2)°, and the dihedral angles between the carboxylate groups and the anion aromatic ring plane are 13.72 (3)

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24

Laamari, Yassine, Moulay Youssef Ait Itto, Abdelkhalek Riahi, Sylviane Chevreux, Aziz Auhmani, and El Mostafa Ketatni. "Crystal structure of (4bS,8aR)-1-isopropyl-4b,8,8-trimethyl-7-oxo-4b,7,8,8a,9,10-hexahydrophenanthren-2-yl acetate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 74, no. 5 (2018): 728–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989018005510.

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The title compound, C22H28O3, was prepared by a direct acetylation reaction of naturally occurring totarolenone. The molecule contains three fused rings, which exhibit different conformations. The central ring has a half-chair conformation, while the non-aromatic oxo-substituted ring has a screw-boat conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions, forming sheets parallel to the bc plane. The carbonyl O atoms and the C atom at the 6-position of the cyclohexene ring are each disordered over two sets of sites with major occupancy components o

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25

Faizi, Md Serajul Haque, Necmi Dege, and Maria L. Malysheva. "Crystal structure and DFT study of 8-hydroxy-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydropyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-9-carbaldehyde." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 73, no. 5 (2017): 791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989017005886.

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In the title compound, C13H15NO2, the fused non-aromatic rings of the julolidine moiety adopt envelope conformations. The hydroxy group forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond to the aldehyde O atom, generating anS(6) ring motif. Weak intermolecular C—H...O hydrogen bonds help to stabilize the crystal structure. Density functional theory (DFT) optimized structures at the B3LYP/6–311 G(d,p) level are compared with the experimentally determined molecular structure in the solid state.

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26

Cortés, Edwar, Rodrigo Abonía, Justo Cobo, and Christopher Glidewell. "Octyl 1-(5-tert-butyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylate: complex sheets built from N—H...N, C—H...N and C—H...O hydrogen bonds." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 70, no. 6 (2014): 617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229614011760.

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In the title compound, C29H35ClN4O2, the bond lengths provide evidence for aromatic delocalization in the pyrazole ring but bond fixation in the fused imidazole ring, and the octyl chain is folded, rather than adopting an all-transchain-extended conformation. A combination of N—H...N, C—H...N and C—H...O hydrogen bonds links the molecules into sheets, in which the hydrogen bonds occupy the central layer with thetert-butyl and octyl groups arranged on either side, such that the closest contacts between adjacent sheets involve only the octyl groups. Comparisons are made with the supramolecular a

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27

Mohamed, Shaaban K., Awad I. Said, Joel T. Mague, Talaat I. El-Emary, Mehmet Akkurt, and Sahar M. I. Elgarhy. "Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (3S,3aR,6aS)-3-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-3,3a,4,5,6,6a-hexahydro-2H-pyrrolo[3,4-d][1,2]oxazole-4,6-dione." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 77, no. 4 (2021): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989021002358.

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In the title compound, C33H26N4O4, the two fused five-membered rings and their N-bound aromatic substituents form a pincer-like motif. The relative conformations about the three chiral carbon atoms are established. In the crystal, a combination of C—H...O and C—H...N hydrogen bonds and C—H...π(ring) interactions leads to the formation of layers parallel to the bc plane. A Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the most significant contributions to the crystal packing are from H...H (44.3%), C...H/H...C (29.8%) and O...H/H...O (15.0%) contacts.

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28

Xu, Hai Yun, Qi Feng Liu, Wen Xian Zhao, and Cui Lan Feng. "Study on pH Fluorescent Probe Based on Exocyclic Ring-Fused Boron Dipyrromethene Fluorophore." Advanced Materials Research 487 (March 2012): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.487.81.

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Compound d was prepared by the improved three-step synthetic route using cyclohexene as starting material. After treatment of d with excess LiAlH4 at high temperature, the obtained e was reacted with various kinds of aromatic aldehydes including 4-N, N-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-methoxybenzaldehyde, benzaldehyde and 4-formyl-benzo-15-crown-5, respectively, in the presence of CF3COOH and oxidated with DDQ, followed by treatment with NEt3 and BF3.Et2O to provide five kinds of BODIPY derivatives fused with exocyclic rings. Their absorption and fluorescence properties were

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29

Quiroga, Jairo, Jaime Gálvez, Justo Cobo, and Christopher Glidewell. "Methyl (3aRS,3cRS,6cSR,7RS,8RS,8aSR)-2,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-7,9-bis(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,3,4,6-tetraoxododecahydro-1H-dipyrrolo[3,4-a:3′,4′-f]pyrrolizine-3b-carboxylate dimethylformamide disolvate: a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded framework." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 68, no. 11 (2012): o439—o442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270112039856.

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The racemic title dipyrrolopyrrolizine compound crystallizes from dimethylformamide as a disolvate, C55H39Cl2N7O6·2C3H7NO. None of the four fused heterocyclic rings is planar; one adopts an envelope conformation, two others adopt half-chair conformations and the fourth adopts a conformation intermediate between an envelope and a half-chair. The arrangement of the ring fusions is such as to preclude the possibility of internal mirror symmetry. The three independent molecular components are weakly linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, and the dipyrrolopyrrolizine molecules are linked by a combinatio

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30

Jacob, Jomon P., M. Sithambaresan, Christy Kunjachan, and M. R. Prathapachandra Kurup. "Crystal structure of 8-[7,8-bis(4-chlorobenzoyl)-7H-cyclopenta[a]acenaphthylen-9-yl]naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 1 (2015): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989014026334.

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The title compound, C40H22Cl2O4, was formed by a Michael–Aldol domino reaction sequence, which coupled acenaphthenequinone with 4-chloroacetophenone in the presence of KOH in methanol. The dihedral angles between the central cyclopenta[a]acenaphthylene fused-ring system (r.m.s. deviation = 0.066 Å) and the 4-chlorobenzoyl rings are 62.25 (10) and 70.19 (10)°. The dihedral angle between the central ring system and the naphthoic acid grouping is 62.46 (7)°. This twisting of the pendant rings facilitates the formation of an intramolecular aromatic π–π stacking interaction between the 4-chlorobenz

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31

Esmaeili, Akbar, Zahra Mousavi, Maryam Shokrollahi, and Ali Shafaghat. "Antioxidant Activity and Isolation of Luteoline fromCentaurea behenL. Grown in Iran." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/620305.

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Flavonoids are secondary metabolites providing Ultraviolet-visible (UV) spectroscopy protection and color in almost all terrestrial plants and fruits. They have a fused ring system consisting of an aromatic ring and a benzopyran ring with a phenyl substituent. As their biological activities have an impact on human health, they serve as target molecules in the development of new drugs. The objective of this research was to study the antioxidant activity and chemical analysis of the luteoline fromCentaurea behenL. (Compositae family). The aerial parts of powdered and driedC. behenwere extracted

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Synthesis of Some Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from 2-Mercapto Benzoxazole." Baghdad Science Journal 10, no. 3 (2013): 766–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.10.3.766-778.

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New series of 2-mecapto benzoxazole derivatives (1-20) incorporated into fused to different nitrogen and suphur containing heterocyclic were prepared from 2-meracpto benzoxazole, when treated with hydrazine hydrate to afford 2-hydrazino benzoxazol (1). Compound (1) converted to a variety of pyridazinone andphthalazinone derivatives (2-4) by reaction with different carboxylic anhydride. Also, reaction of (1) with phenyl isothiocyanate and ethyl chloro acetate afforded 3-phenyl-1,3-thiazolidin-2,4-dione-2-(benzoxazole-2-yl-hydrazone) (6). Azomethines (7-10) were prepared through reaction of (1)

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33

Kadu, Nilesh S., and Atul V. Ingle. "Three-Dimensional Pharmacophore Modeling of Betulonic Acid Derivatives as a Strong Inhibitor of Human Coronavirus-229E Replication." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 6, no. 2 (2021): 356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20210462.

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These-days, pharmacophore approaches have become one of the foremost tools in drug discovery after the past century’s development. Numerous ligand-based and structure-based strategies are developed for improved pharmacophore modeling with success and extensively applied in virtual screening, de novo design and lead improvement. Till now, there is little information on 3D-pharmacophore studies of 1,2,3-triazolo-fused betulonic acid derivatives as a strong inhibitor for human coronavirus-229E replication. Here, we tend to report the appliance of pharmacophore modeling for betulonic acid derivati

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34

Cong, Hengjiang. "Crystal structure and bonding analysis of the first dinuclear calcium(II)–proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) `butterfly molecule': a combined microcrystal synchrotron and DFT study." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 72, no. 4 (2016): 326–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229616004216.

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Proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) are prodrugs used widely to treat acid-related diseases since the late 1980s. After an extensive research effort it has become clear that the fundamental interactions between metal atoms and PPIs are of paramount importance for both drug release and long-term therapeutic safety. Unfortunately, until now, very little information has been available on this topic. In this paper, we report the crystal structure analysis of a novel calcium–PPI compound incorporating bridging and terminal deprotonated (R)-rabeprazole tricyclic ligands (L), namely bis[μ-(R)-2-({[4-(3-meth

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35

Gorantla, Sivahari Prasad, Detlef Bentrop, Nikolas Bubnoff, Anna Lena Illert, Robert Zeiser, and Justus Duyster. "Chemical Mutagenesis Screen Identifies Novel Drug Resistant JAK2 Variants in V617FJAK2 Mediated MPN and Predict HSP90 Inhibitors As Possible Agents to Overcome Drug Resistance." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 3687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3687.3687.

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Abstract JAK2 V617F can be identified in the majority of polycythemia vera cases and in 50% of essential thrombocythemia and idiopathic myelofibrosis patients. JAK2 inhibitors including ruxolitinib, fedratinib and lestaurtinib display clinical activity in trials for PV, ET and IMF, and ruxolitinib has recently been approved for the treatment of primary and secondary myelofibrosis. In other malignancies it has been demonstrated that acquired resistance to kinase inhibitors emerge due to secondary resistance mutations in the targeted kinase. To identify JAK2 point mutations mediating ruxolitinib

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El-Sawy, Eslam Reda, Ahmed Bakr Abdelwahab та Gilbert Kirsch. "Synthetic Routes to Coumarin(Benzopyrone)-Fused Five-Membered Aromatic Heterocycles Built on the α-Pyrone Moiety. Part II: Five-Membered Aromatic Rings with Multi Heteroatoms". Molecules 26, № 11 (2021): 3409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113409.

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Coumarins are natural heterocycles that widely contribute to the design of various biologically active compounds. Fusing different aromatic heterocycles with coumarin at its 3,4-position is one of the interesting approaches to generating novel molecules with various biological activities. During our continuing interest in assembling information about fused five-membered aromatic heterocycles, and after having presented mono-hetero-atomic five-membered aromatic heterocycles in Part I. The current review Part II is intended to present an overview of the different synthetic routes to coumarin (be

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De, Asish, and Tarun Kanti Pradhan. "Synthesis of Polynuclear Aromatic Compounds Incorporating a Fused Thiophene Ring." HETEROCYCLES 65, no. 6 (2005): 1491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/rev-04-595.

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Zhang, Yuhao, Feng Peng, Ruifeng He, Lei Ying, Wei Yang, and Yong Cao. "Synthesis and properties of five ring fused aromatic compounds based on S,S-dioxide benzothiophene." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 4 (2018): 2750–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj04306f.

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V., Muralidharan, Asha Deepti C., and Raja S. "A REVIEW ON ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL OF SUBSTITUTED PYRAZOLINE DERIVATIVES SYNTHESISED FROM CHALCONES." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 2 (2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i2.23772.

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The pyrazoline ring is a ubiquitous structural feature of many natural and synthetic compounds with potent anti-inflammatory activity. The creation of novel pyrazoline derivatives and examination of their chemical and biological behaviour have gained additional focus in the current decade. Pyrazolines and its fused heterocyclic derivatives tested with anti-inflammatory activity constitute a significant class of compounds for novel drug evolution. Pyrazoline nucleus when linked with different substituents like alkyl, aromatic, heterocyclic rings and many other groups at different positions on t

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40

Zhao, Dong-Lin, Xiao-Long Yuan, Yong-Mei Du, Zhong-Feng Zhang, and Peng Zhang. "Benzophenone Derivatives from an Algal-Endophytic Isolate of Penicillium chrysogenum and Their Cytotoxicity." Molecules 23, no. 12 (2018): 3378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123378.

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Chromatographic separation of a marine algal-derived endophytic fungus Penicillium chrysogenum AD-1540, which was isolated from the inner tissue of the marine red alga Grateloupia turuturu, yielded two new benzophenone derivatives, chryxanthones A and B (compounds 1 and 2, respectively). Their structures were undoubtedly determined by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data (1D/2D NMR and HRESIMS). The relative and absolute configurations were assigned by analysis of the coupling constants and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations of their electronic circular dichr

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41

Sośnicki, Jacek G., and Tomasz J. Idzik. "Pyridones – Powerful Precursors for the Synthesis of Alkaloids, Their Derivatives, and Alkaloid-Inspired Compounds." Synthesis 51, no. 18 (2019): 3369–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611844.

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2-Pyridone is characterized by a very wide range of reactivity of a different nature, ranging from electrophilic aromatic substitution, CH–metal-mediated reactions, and NH/OH functionalization of both possible lactam/lactim tautomers, through cycloaddition, to nucleophilic addition and transformation of the tautomeric C=O/C–OH moiety. The high availability of 2-pyridones and the possibility of their far-reaching functionalization additionally increased their values. Therefore, they are very useful building blocks for the synthesis of structurally diverse piperidine and pyridine compounds, incl

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42

Mótyán, Gergő, Barnabás Molnár, János Wölfling, and Éva Frank. "Microwave-Assisted Stereoselective Heterocyclization to Novel Ring d-fused Arylpyrazolines in the Estrone Series." Molecules 24, no. 3 (2019): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030569.

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Microwave-assisted syntheses of novel ring d-condensed 2-pyrazolines in the estrone series were efficiently carried out from steroidal ,-enones and hydrazine derivatives. The ring-closure reaction of 16-benzylidene estrone 3-methyl ether with hydrazine in acetic acid resulted in a 2:1 diastereomeric mixture of two 16,17-cis fused pyrazolines, which is contrary to the former literature data for both stereoselectivity and product structure. However, the cyclization reactions of a mestranol-derived unsaturated ketone with different arylhydrazines in acidic ethanol furnished the heterocyclic produ

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43

Charushin, V. N., and O. N. Chupakhin. "SNH methodology and new approaches to condensed heterocyclic systems." Pure and Applied Chemistry 76, no. 9 (2004): 1621–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200476091621.

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The review surveys the reactions of electron-deficient azaaromatic compounds with mono- and bifunctional nucleophilies in which a nucleophilic attack at the unsubstituted CH carbon of an aromatic ring is one of the key steps. Use of the SNH methodology for the synthesis of fused heterocyclic systems by means of nucleophilic addition –addition AN–AN, addition –substitution of hydrogen AN–SNH, tandem substitution of hydrogen SNH–SNH, and other strategies will be discussed. Intramolecular SNH reactions will also be considered as effective synthetic tools to obtain condensed heterocyclic systems.

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44

Milišiūnaitė, Vaida, Rūta Paulavičiūtė, Eglė Arbačiauskienė, Vytas Martynaitis, Wolfgang Holzer, and Algirdas Šačkus. "Synthesis of 2H-furo[2,3-c]pyrazole ring systems through silver(I) ion-mediated ring-closure reaction." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 15 (March 14, 2019): 679–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.15.62.

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Fused pyrazole ring systems are common structural motifs of numerous pharmaceutically important compounds. Nevertheless, access to derivatives of the aromatic 2H-furo[2,3-c]pyrazole ring system is still quite limited, and their chemistry and functional properties remain largely underexplored. The current study investigates routes to construct this system from easily accessible starting materials using metal-catalyzed reactions. A simple and efficient procedure to access the 2H-furo[2,3-c]pyrazole ring system was developed by employing the silver(I) ion-mediated ring-closure reaction of 4-alkyn

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45

Yang, Ning, Xiaolan Qiao, Renren Fang, Jingwei Tao, Jian Hao, and Hongxiang Li. "Syntheses and Properties of Five-Ring Fused Azo- and Thio-Aromatic Compounds Containing Imide Substituent." Acta Chimica Sinica 74, no. 4 (2016): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.6023/a15120782.

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46

Chae, Munseok S., Amey Nimkar, Netanel Shpigel, Yosef Gofer, and Doron Aurbach. "High Performance Aqueous and Nonaqueous Ca-Ion Cathodes Based on Fused-Ring Aromatic Carbonyl Compounds." ACS Energy Letters 6, no. 8 (2021): 2659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.1c01010.

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47

Garden, Simon J., Silvia P. Fontes, James L. Wardell, Janet M. S. Skakle, John N. Low та Christopher Glidewell. "Interplay of hydrogen bonds, iodo...nitro interactions and aromatic π...π stacking interactions in iodo-nitroanilines". Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 58, № 4 (2002): 701–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768102007978.

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Molecules of 2-iodo-5-nitroaniline (I) are linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds into centrosymmetric dimers and by asymmetric three-centre iodo...nitro interactions into chains, so forming chains of fused centrosymmetric rings: these chains are linked by aromatic π...π stacking interactions to form a three-dimensional structure. In the isomeric 4-iodo-2-nitroaniline (II), each of the two independent molecules forms hydrogen-bonded chains that are linked by two-centre iodo...nitro interactions into sheets of two types, each containing only a single type of molecule: π...π stacking interactions are

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48

Ou, Zhongping, Wenbo E, Jianguo Shao, et al. "Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties of building blocks for molecular arrays: reactions of quinoxalino[2,3-b]porphyrins containing metal(II) ions." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 09, no. 02 (2005): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424605000216.

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Quinoxalino[2,3-b]porphyrins are laterally-extended porphyrins with aromatic ring systems fused to the β,β'-positions of a pyrrolic ring of the macrocycle. They are building blocks for coplanar laterally-extended oligoporphyrins with applications in molecular electronics. The electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry of four such quinoxalinoporphyrins containing metal(II) ions and one free-base quinoxalinoporphyrin dissolved in nonaqueous media have been investigated and the data are compared to that seen for the same derivatives of the parent macrocycle lacking the fused quinoxaline ring.

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49

Nagalakshmi, R. A., J. Suresh, S. Maharani, R. Ranjith Kumar, and P. L. Nilantha Lakshman. "Crystal structures of 2-benzylamino-4-(4-bromophenyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridine-3-carbonitrile and 2-benzylamino-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]pyridine-3-carbonitrile." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 1 (2015): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989014025936.

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In the title compounds, C24H22BrN3, (I), and C24H22ClN3, (II), the 2-aminopyridine ring is fused with a cycloheptane ring, which adopts a half-chair conformation. The planes of the phenyl and benzene rings are inclined to that of the central pyridine ring [r.m.s. deviations = 0.0083 (1) and 0.0093 (1) Å for (I) and (II), respectively] by 62.47 (17) and 72.51 (14)°, respectively, in (I), and by 71.44 (9) and 54.90 (8)°, respectively, in (II). The planes of the aromatic rings are inclined to one another by 53.82 (17)° in (I) and by 58.04 (9)° in (II). In the crystals of both (I) and (II), pairs

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50

Hess, David, and Peter Mayer. "The crystal structures of benzylammonium phenylacetate and its hydrate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 75, no. 2 (2019): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989019000288.

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The title compounds benzylammonium phenylacetate, C7H10N+·C8H7O2 − (1), and its monohydrate, C7H10N+·C8H7O2 −·H2O (2), can be obtained by evaporating methanolic solutions containing equimolar amounts of benzylamine and phenylacetic acid in the absence and presence of water, respectively. N—H...O hydrogen bonds in the crystal structure of 1 lead to the formation of hydrophilic channels running along the b-axis direction. The hydrogen-bonding system is best described by fused R 3 4(10) ring patterns, often observed in ammonium carboxylate salts. In 2, the presence of the crystal water leads to t

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