Academic literature on the topic 'Rio Declaration on Environment and Development'
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Journal articles on the topic "Rio Declaration on Environment and Development"
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Kuzior, Aleksandra. "Odpowiedzialność człowieka za przyrodę w perspektywie kryzysu ekologicznego." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 5, no. 1 (December 31, 2007): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2007.5.1.08.
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The article takes up the issues connected to the ecological crisis, causes of which refer to uncontrolled scientifically-technical development, predatory administration of the natural sources of Earth and disrespect of the nature, following from the anthropocentric axiology, the analysis of the Stockholm’s Declaration, the Declaration from Rio and the declaration from Johannesburg, as documents forming the idea of the sustainable development, active that care and respect of nature and preventing degratation of natural environment make a basis of the agricultural and social development and the only rational way to get out of the ecological crisis without radical reduction the quality of human’s life. In discussed declarations they point out the individual, collective and institutional responsibility. It’s set up that the basis of the responsibility figured out like that - for the other human, for present and future generations, for the nature, for the global human’s society, for other communities of alive creatures, for the planet - should be ecophilosophy and systematic sozology. Basing on this two sciences we can make a socio-economical and ecological order indicated in the sustainable development conception.
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Bulkeley, Harriet. "Book Review: Consuming cities: the urban environment in the global economy after the Rio declaration." Progress in Human Geography 25, no. 4 (December 2001): 680–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913250102500426.
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Wilson, Jessica. "Trade, environment and sustainable development: What changed in Doha." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2002): 336–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v5i2.2679.
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Agenda 21, the blueprint for sustainable development, adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, does not have a chapter dedicated to trade. Yet since 1992, trade has become increasingly important to democracy, human rights, women's rights, economic development, employment and the environment. "Trade and environment" has been identified by many governments and civil society organisations as an important policy issue in preparations for the World Summit on Sustainable Development. At the same time, environment has become a highly politicised word in the world inhabited by trade negotiators. The aim of this paper is to examine whether or not the inclusion of WTO environmental negotiations, as outlined in the Doha Ministerial Declaration, advances or retards sustainable development.
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Duvic-Paoli, Leslie-Anne. "The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services or the Framing of Scientific Knowledge within the Law of Sustainable Development." International Community Law Review 19, no. 2-3 (June 14, 2017): 231–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18719732-12341355.
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The article analyses the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (ipbes) through the spectrum of international environmental law. It unpacks the epistemic logics within which ipbes operates and emphasises the normative constructions underlying the mechanism, arguing that ipbes is best understood in light of the rationale and principles of the law of sustainable development. On that basis, the article provides an in-depth discussion of ipbes, and in particular of i) its mandate analysed in light of the principles of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, ii) its scope that combines a temporal and spatial perspective to scientific knowledge and iii) its outreach activities seeking to co-operate with a variety of partners, interpreted as an embodiment of the ‘global partnership’ that the Rio Declaration calls for.
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Vöneky, Silja. "International Standard Setting in Biomedicine – Foundations and New Challenges." Volume 61 · 2018 61, no. 1 (June 20, 2019): 131–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/gyil.61.1.131.
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This article examines current challenges for a normative framework regulating biomedicine, including those arising from the use of big data and machine learning tools, and from the use of the CRISPR/Cas-9 technology, as for instance gene drives. The article focusses on the question of legitimate standard setting and takes into account both “hard” and “soft” law as well as private rule making. This includes international treaties and declarations in the area of human rights law and environmental law, such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, and, more specifically, the UNESCO Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights. The author argues that, as instruments of biotechnology and biomedicine merge, international environmental law has to be interpreted in the light of human rights law. In order to adapt to new challenges, the article calls for a humanisation of international environmental law and, because of the ongoing disruptive technological development, argues that further legitimate standard setting is required. Keywords: Biomedicine, Biotechnology, Gene Drives, Standard Setting, CRISPR/Cas-9, Artificial Intelligence
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Hurova, Anna. "Protection of Space Environment in the Light of Perspective Challenges of “Space Wars”." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 5, no. 2 (August 23, 2018): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.5.2.107-114.
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In article it is analyzed action in the space of the principle of prohibition of the use of force and threats (jus contra bellum). Also it is researched application of Geneva Law to space conflicts (jus in bello) and it correlations with another hard and soft norms of international law in the light of protection of space environment such as Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques, Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment 1972, Rio Declaration on Environment and Development 1992 etc. Beside this it is used practice of International Court of Justice for argumentation of positions and conclusions. Since space objects management is done remotely with help of software, author draw parallels between legal regulation of international conflicts in outer space and cyber space. Furthermore, it is researched specific features of application the principle of proportionality in international space armed conflicts with the aim of protection environment of space and Earth.
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Rajović, Goran, and Jelisavka Bulatović. "Some Geographical Aspects of Sustainable Development with View on Montenegro: A Review." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 42 (October 2014): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.42.98.
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Sustainable Development refers to the creation and maintenance of social and economic development. In order to achieve this it is necessary to provide interaction between environmental, social and economic components of the system, synchronized in time and space. Each of these interactions has its specific dynamics, requires the involvement of certain resources. Greening the of society expands the array of environmental requirements that are in opposition to traditional economic needs of the accumulation of material wealth and production, which does not take account of the environment. Despite the economic crisis, according to the results of the Euro barometer survey conducted in late March and early April 2014, which included 28,000 respondents from different social and demographic groups, and the 28 members of the European Union, showed that 96 % of people said how they care for the environment, personal matters. To ensure the inclusion of sustainability requirements into development policies and their implementation in practice, Montenegro has prepared and implemented by the National Strategy for Sustainable Development, based on the principles of the Declaration of Rio de Janeiro and Agenda 21, as well as the principles contained in the Declaration and the Johannesburg Plan by implementation.
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Fajardo, Teresa. "BACK TO THE FUTURE: THE RIO DECLARATION ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT AND ITS PRINCIPLES IN THEIR 25TH ANNIVERSARY WITH A SPANISH PERSPECTIVE." Spanish Yearbook of International Law 21 (December 31, 2017): 119–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17103/sybil.21.6.
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de La Fayette, Louise. "The Marine Environment Protection Committee: The Conjunction of the Law of the Sea and International Environmental Law." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 16, no. 2 (2001): 155–238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180801x00072.
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AbstractThis article outlines the work of the Marine Environment Protection Committee of the International Maritime Organization in implementing measures to protect the marine environment and to conserve natural resources called for in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and international environmental law, in particular as set forth in Agenda 21 and the Rio Declaration, both products of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development. In so doing, the paper examines IMO's collaboration with other intergovernmental organisations and UN bodies, such as the FAO, UNEP, the Commission on Sustainable Development and the United Nations, as well as with the secretariats of multilateral environmental agreements, such as the Basel Convention and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Although the work of IMO is frequently overlooked because it is an older organisation, the treaties, codes and guidelines developed by the MEPC have made an essential and valuable contribution to the progressive development of international environmental law, as well as to the law of the sea.
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Schoenbaum, Thomas J. "Free International Trade and Protection of the Environment: Irreconcilable Conflict?" American Journal of International Law 86, no. 4 (October 1992): 700–727. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203788.
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States should cooperate to promote a supportive and open international economic system that would lead to economic growth and sustainable development in all countries, to better address the problems of environmental degradation. Trade policy measures for environmental purposes should not constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade. Unilateral actions to deal with environmental challenges outside the jurisdiction of the importing country should be avoided. Environmental measures addressing transboundary or global environmental problems should, as far as possible, be based on an international consensus.Principle 12 Rio Declaration on Environment and DevelopmentThe global multilateral trading system and its centerpiece, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), are facing a new challenge from a quite unexpected quarter. The GATT is under attack by some in the environmental community who charge that international free trade blindly fosters the exploitation of natural resources. The GATT is depicted as a sinister charter that allows “big business” a free hand to plunder the bounty of the natural world. In certain environmentalists’ view, “free trade can destroy the environment.” Thus, a segment of the large and influential environmentalist lobby has joined the growing coalition of interests seeking to scuttle what is left of international free trade.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rio Declaration on Environment and Development"
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Neto, Jose Antonio Baptista. "Sedimentological evidence for human impact on a nearshore sedimentary environment : Jurujuba Sound, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286855.
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Valová, Alena. "Development of Smart Cities in The Region of Latin America." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-203727.
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The aim of the thesis Development of Smart Cities in the region of Latin America applied on the case of Mexico City and Rio de Janeiro stands on their comparison provided according to application of six axes smart city concept. Both cities provide their individual approach in their formulation and implementation of smart city initiative. According to this comparison this paper will prove that even though that there is not yet a uniform smart city definition there are indicators according to which it is possible to form a general a framework to identify smart cities. This framework will be important to prove several things about smart cities. They will be necessary for the future growth of humanity as cities become more and more important. This will happen by allowing for better functioning of cities and better use of existing resources. These cities will start to operate for their citizens in ways that lessen the impact of the environment while allowing cities to grow across multiple sectors while improving quality of life among a city s residents. This implementation of ITC technologies will prove a rising tide that will lift the city s poor by empowering their economic lives by improving quality of life and giving better access to resources. The comparison of the two cities will also prove that Rio de Janeiro through its many smart initiatives is further along in its path to becoming a smart city than Mexico City. The difference between the two will also prove just how important smart cities are to the region s future. Mexico City s projects have not been as holistic as those taken in Brazil s largest city. Rio de Janeiro s implementation of projects like COR have transformed the city allowing it to become one of the smartest cities in the region and the world. The COR has implemented ITC technologies and initiatives that have transformed every sector of the six-axes approach model.
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Silva, J?nior Ivanaldo Soares da. "O princ?pio constitucional do desenvolvimento sustent?vel: an?lise da sua concretiza??o no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13893.
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Previous issue date: 2009-02-16The Article 225 of Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil in its main body, stipulates that everyone is entitled to ecologically balanced environment and the use of common people and essential to the healthy quality of life, should be imposed on public authorities and the community the duty to defend it and preserve it for present and future generations. Following a universal trend, the letter raised the Brazilian environment the category of one of those values ideals of social order, dedicating it, along with a constitution of rules sparse, a chapter, itself, which definitely, institutionalized the right to healthy environment as a fundamental right of the individual. The national public policies and state should be in line with modern theories of Sustainable Development, outlined within the international society, and certainly instruments that should be made effective through the mobilization of civil society as a whole. The implementation of Human Rights, in fact, depends on a strong political action and not just a legal problem. Thus, this work of theoretical-descriptive nature we will address various dimensions of sustainable development, such as environmental education, water, sanitation, health and sustainable development plans, evaluating its current stage in our state
O art. 225 da Constitui??o da Rep?blica Federativa do Brasil de 1988, em seu caput, prev? que todos t?m direito ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado, bem de uso comum do povo e essencial ? sadia qualidade de vida, devendo ser imposto ao poder p?blico e ? coletividade o dever de defend?-lo e preserv?-lo para as presentes e futuras gera??es. Seguindo uma tend?ncia universal, a Carta brasileira erigiu o meio ambiente ? categoria de um daqueles valores ideais da ordem social, dedicando-lhe, a par de uma Constitui??o de regras esparsas, um cap?tulo, pr?prio, que definitivamente, institucionalizou o direito ao ambiente sadio como um direito fundamental do indiv?duo. As pol?ticas p?blicas nacionais e estaduais devem ficar em conson?ncia com as modernas teorias acerca do Desenvolvimento Sustent?vel, delineadas no seio da sociedade internacional, sendo indubitavelmente instrumentos que dever?o ser tornados eficazes mediante a mobiliza??o da sociedade civil como um todo. A concretiza??o dos Direitos Humanos, de fato, depende de uma forte atua??o pol?tica, n?o sendo apenas um problema jur?dico. Desta forma, nesta disserta??o de natureza te?rica-descritiva iremos abordar diversas dimens?es do Desenvolvimento Sustent?vel, como Educa??o Ambiental, recursos h?dricos, saneamento b?sico, sa?de e planos de desenvolvimentos sustent?veis, avaliando o seu atual est?gio no nosso estado
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Pitombeira, Sheila Cavalcante. "Basin as a parameter for territorial planning in the semiarid region of the institutional environment: The basin of Jaguaribe river, CearÃ, Brasil." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14781.
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nÃo hÃThis research highlights the advisability of adopting the Basin as a parameter for territorial planning in the semiarid region, in face of the vicissitudes of climate and regional interest to promote environmental development. It demonstrates the importance of the state since its emergence in modernity and highlights the institutionalization of power since then, contributing to the improvement of the institutional environment throughout its territory. The core idea developed is that the state is endowed with power, being responsible for disciplining of subjects of interest to the community, amongst them water or water resources, it is required to pay attention to regional differences existing Âin its territory, in particular the semiarid, and to promote government actions benefiting everyone equally without distinction. The methodology used was through a literature review of the legal framework devoted to the structure of water and / or water resources and watersheds, comparing that information with historical records around the approach to public policies carried out during periods of drought and with socioeconomic criteria guiding public policy or government policies in these geographic areas. ÂThe informations of the territories citizenship of CearÃ, as to notice the various conceptual dimensions of these geographic areas, watershed territory and citizenship. Finally, the analysis of how the dimensions of the territory of citizenship can (inter) relate to the watershed territorial unit , giving them affinities, similarities and differences aiming to a comparative study of their equivalences in promoting sustainable development, according to indexes from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. From this comparison chart, it is possible to show that the basin should be the unit for implementation of territorial planning in the semiarid.
O trabalho pÃe em evidÃncia a conveniÃncia de adotar a Bacia HidrogrÃfica como parÃmetro de planejamento territorial na regiÃo semiÃrida, ante as vicissitudes climÃticas e o interesse regional de promover o desenvolvimento socioambiental. Demonstra a importÃncia do Estado desde seu surgimento na modernidade e realÃa a institucionalizaÃÃo do Poder a partir de entÃo, contribuindo para o aperfeiÃoamento desse ambiente institucional em todo o seu territÃrio. A ideia central desenvolvida à que sendo o Estado dotado de Poder, competindo-lhe o disciplinamento dos assuntos de interesse da coletividade, dentre eles a Ãgua ou recursos hÃdricos, compete-lhe atentar para as diferenÃas regionais existentes em seu territÃrio, em particular o semiÃrido, promovendo aÃÃes governamentais que beneficiem a todos indistintamente. A metodologia utilizada se deu por meio de levantamento bibliogrÃfico sobre o Estado e o ambiente institucional brasileiro, bem como do arcabouÃo jurÃdico devotado ao regime das Ãguas ou recursos hÃdricos e bacias hidrogrÃficas, confrontando essas informaÃÃes com os registros histÃricos em torno da abordagem das polÃticas pÃblicas realizadas nos perÃodos de estiagens e com os critÃrios socioeconÃmicos orientadores dessas polÃticas ou das polÃticas de governo nesses espaÃos geogrÃficos. Tais registros demonstram que, no CearÃ, cujo territÃrio à abrangido pelo semiÃrido em quase totalidade, onde a Ãgua possui significativo valor econÃmico e social, como se observa com o Rio Jaguaribe, e seu percurso permite verificar algumas dimensÃes conceituais desses espaÃos geogrÃficos, dentre eles a territorialidade, a bacia hidrogrÃfica à ignorada como parÃmetro territorial para seu desenvolvimento socioambiental. De sorte que, sendo o Estado do Cearà localizado no semiÃrido e sazonalmente exposto Ãs estiagens, a bacia hidrogrÃfica deveria ser a unidade territorial preponderante para implementaÃÃo do planejamento territorial, conciliando o desiderato legal de ser a unidade territorial para a polÃtica de recursos hÃdricos e inter-relacionando com outras unidades administrativas
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Merida, Carolina. "O PAGAMENTO POR SERVIÇOS AMBIENTAIS COMO INSTRUMENTO DE EFETIVIDADE DO DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL EM RIO VERDE, GOIÁS." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2014. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2686.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-28This research deals with the issue of economic valuation of ecosystem services based on positive incentive mechanisms as a strategy to stimulate the recovery and preservation of the environment, given the inefficiency of environmental protection currently used, primarily guided by command and control instruments. Taking as starting point the analysis of the interrelationship between the environment and sustainable development, the work also holds the examination of the legal issues underlying the use of payments for environmental services in Brazil. The chosen approach to face the issue concerns the study of the program Producer of Water", established under the Municipality of Rio Verde, Goias State, in order to verify the results obtained with respect to the recovery and preservation of riparian forests in around the headwaters of the Watershed of Abobora Stream, responsible for supplying approximately 70% of the population of that municipality. In summary, the question that this study seeks to answer relates to the effectiveness of payments for ecosystem services as a tool to promote sustainable development and social and environmental justice. The methodology has privileged the bibliographic research, in foreign and domestic literature, also drawing on the application of questionnaires to participants of "Producer of Water" program, Rio Verde, as well as the analysis of official data and documents obtained from the Department of Sustainable Economic Development of the Municipality of Rio Verde, Goias, and authoritative legal theory, focused on Machado (2012), Nusdeo (2012) and Altmann (2009).
A presente pesquisa versa sobre a temática da valoração econômica dos serviços ambientais, baseada em mecanismos positivos de incentivo, como estratégia para estimular a recuperação e a preservação do meio ambiente, ante a ineficácia dos mecanismos de proteção ambiental, atualmente utilizados, pautados preponderantemente em instrumentos de comando e controle. Tendo como ponto de partida a análise da inter-relação entre o meio ambiente e o desenvolvimento sustentável, o trabalho se detém, ainda, no exame dos aspectos jurídicos que fundamentam a utilização do pagamento por serviços ambientais no Brasil. A abordagem escolhida para enfrentamento do tema diz respeito ao estudo do Programa Produtor de Águas , instituído no âmbito do Município de Rio Verde, Estado de Goiás, com o propósito de verificar os resultados obtidos com relação à recuperação e preservação das áreas de matas ciliares no entorno das nascentes da Microbacia do Ribeirão Abóbora, responsável pelo abastecimento de aproximadamente 70% da população do citado município. Em suma, a questão que o presente estudo busca responder refere-se à efetividade do pagamento por serviços ambientais enquanto instrumento para a promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável e da justiça socioambiental. A metodologia utilizada privilegiou a pesquisa bibliográfica, na literatura estrangeira e nacional, valendo-se, ainda, da aplicação de questionários aos participantes do Programa Produtor de Águas , de Rio Verde, bem como, da análise de dados e documentos oficiais obtidos junto à Secretaria de Desenvolvimento Econômico Sustentável do Município de Rio Verde, Goiás, além de teoria jurídica abalizada, centrada em Machado (2012), Nusdeo (2012) e Altmann (2009).
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Silva, Cléber Soares da. "Meio Ambiente sob a ótica da sustentabilidade dos Jogos Olímpicos de 2016 no Rio de Janeiro: aspectos da gestão de resíduos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4110.
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A cidade do Rio de Janeiro foi eleita sede dos Jogos Olímpicos e Paraolímpicos de 2016 e são previstos impactos significativos em investimento e na geração de emprego, atrelados a isto existe a preocupação com as questões ambientais e a sustentabilidade do evento. No dossiê de candidatura do Rio de Janeiro a sede dos Jogos Olímpicos de 2016, existia o compromisso com a gestão dos resíduos sólidos. As grandes linhas de ações foram definidas quando do lançamento da candidatura do Rio de Janeiro a sede do evento, fato este que se concretizou em 02 de outubro de 2009. A gestão dos resíduos para 2016 é ainda carente de informações quantitativas de sua geração, das necessidades de adaptações das instalações para o período de realização do evento, bem como da definição de metas para que a gestão dos resíduos devidamente alinhadas com os preceitos do desenvolvimento sustentável. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar sub o conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável a gestão de resíduos sólidos durante a realização dos Jogos Olímpicos de 2016 na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A metodologia consiste no levantamento histórico dos Jogos Olímpicos com especial detalhamento nas questões ligadas ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável e gestão de resíduos, análise dos Jogos Pan-americanos do Rio de Janeiro, levantamento em campo da preparação dos Jogos Olímpicos de Londres, observações em campo na cidade do Rio de Janeiro e a análise de dados para o cálculo da estimativa de geração de resíduos durante a realização dos Jogos de 2016. As comparações com outros eventos demonstraram semelhanças e diferenças com os Jogos Olímpicos de 2016 e possibilitou a apresentação de proposições para a gestão de resíduos sólidos. A projeção de geração de resíduos durante o evento é significativa e aponta a necessita de atenção para potencializar as ações como coleta seletiva, reciclagem e compostagem. São indicados estudos futuros sobre a gestão dos resíduos, em especial da construção civil durante as obras das futuras instalações, algumas delas já em curso.The city of Rio de Janeiro was elected host of the Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2016 and significant impacts on investment and employment generation, linked to this is the concern with environmental issues and the sustainability of the event. In the application file of Rio de Janeiro to host the 2016 Olympic Games, there was a commitment to solid waste management. The broad lines of actions were set when launching the application for Rio de Janeiro to host the event, a fact which took place in October 2, 2009. The waste management for 2016 is still lacking quantitative information of its generation, premises needs adapting for the period of the event, as well as setting targets for the management of waste properly aligned with the principles of sustainable development . The objective of this study is to evaluate the concept of sustainable development within the waste management during the 2016 Olympic Games in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The methodology is a historic survey of the Olympic Games with special detail on issues related to the concept of sustainable development and waste management, analysis of the Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, field survey of the preparation of the London Olympics, field observations in the city of Rio de Janeiro and data analysis to calculate the estimate of waste generation during the Games in 2016. Comparisons with other events showed similarities and differences with the 2016 Olympic Games and made possible the presentation of proposals for solid waste management. The projection of waste generation during the event is significant and highlights the need for attention to potentiate the actions as selective collection, recycling and composting. Future studies are indicated on the management of waste, particularly during the construction works of future plants, some already in progress.
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Meurer, Micael. "A formação desértica antrópica e o futuro do pampa gaúcho : uma visão da função socioambiental da propriedade e da pessoa e a responsabilidade civil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2010. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/501.
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A desertificação pode ser tida como o processo mais avassalador de aniquilação de espécies vegetais e animais, e o território brasileiro se encontra à mercê desse processo não apenas pela expansão das areias do semiárido nordestino, mas pela expansão desértica que já acomete o Bioma Pampa. O processo de desertificação resulta do prejuízo das funções do solo em decorrência de condições geológicas, climáticas ou da atuação da pessoa. No caso do Bioma Pampa, a desertificação se origina da atuação e inserção da pessoa em um ecossistema já fragilizado por fatores geológicos, o que acaba por resultar em um processo artificial de formação desértica. Depois de iniciado, a atuação da pessoa é essencial para a contenção desse processo de degradação ecossistêmica total, que é autossuficiente. Reconhecendo a transcendência da pessoa e a necessidade de utilização dos bens ambientais em proveito coletivo emergiu no direito o princípio da Função Social da Propriedade, cujas ramificações fizeram nascer, mais especificamente, por reconhecimento à capacidade limitada de renovabilidade dos recursos naturais, o princípio da Função Socioambiental da Propriedade. Não obstante, é a pessoa que deverá empregar e exercer a propriedade socialmente. O proprietário, que é mero detentor da riqueza ambiental, também passa a deter uma Função Socioambiental, que é a de garantir que a propriedade será exercida de forma a satisfazer os interesses coletivos. Independentemente disso, ainda são violados os direitos inerentes ao Ambiente e violados os dispositivos de proteção ambiental, o que obriga o Estado a criar mecanismos de proteção e responsabilização pelo descumprimento pela pessoa das normas que remontam o contrato social, tal qual é o instituto da Responsabilidade Civil, que serve como meio de se atingir a recomposição do Ambiente e a educação ou adestramento da pessoa para práticas menos onerosas em relação ao Ambiente, não se olvidando que os bens ambientais pertencem também às pessoas que estão por vir. O exercício da Função Socioambiental da Propriedade pela pessoa pode indubitavelmente conter a expansão desértica, e é o passo a ser dado para que se atinja a sustentabilidade. Há que se reconhecer, ainda, que o Bioma Pampa, onde a desertificação se propaga, é o centro cultural comum que irá permitir a Integração dos países do MERCOSUL, bem como poderá ele próprio ser beneficiado pelo processo de Integração, considerando-se que poderia ser tutelado por legislação ambiental comum aos países nos quais ele está presente. Sem Integração as normas de proteção do Pampa se limitarão à sua extensão no território brasileiro, o que não impedirá a propagação desértica. As consequências do descontrole da formação desértica antrópica que acomete esse bioma é uma mostra de um comportamento que poderá ensejar o fim da espécie humana como a conhecemos. Todavia, embora seja a pessoa a destruir o Ambiente, quando iniciado o processo de desertificação apenas ela poderá conte-lo, essa é a sua função socioambiental.Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-06-02T16:07:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Micael Meurer.pdf: 1461535 bytes, checksum: e450c67ecbe2a3b9224e1da3cace3c27 (MD5)
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The desertification can be understood like the process more conqueror of annihilation of vegetable and animal sorts. What somewhat is known the fact is that the Brazilian territory is at the mercy of this process you do not just for the expansion of the sands of the northeastern semiarid, but for the expansion of the sands that already attacks the Pampa ecosystem. The process of desertification results from the damage of the functions of the ground as a result of geological, climatic conditions or from the acting of the person. In case of the Pampa ecosystem, the desertification it is given rise of the acting and insertion of the person in an ecosystem already weakened by geological factors, which turns again in an artificial process of desertic formation. Before determined region reaches all the characteristics of a desert, meantime, the ground starts to demonstrate signs of fragility that must be recognized so that the process of desertification is not propagated, moment in which there will have to be checked the forms of economical destination of the properties. After initiate, the acting of the person is essential for the restriction of this process of totally ecosystemic degradation, that supports itself. Recognizing the transcendence of the person and the necessity of use of the environmental property in collective advantage surfaced in the right the idea of the Social Function of the Property, which branching made being born, more specifically, for recognition to the limited capacity of renovation of the natural resources, the idea of the Function Social-Environmental of the Property. Nevertheless, when it is recognized what is the person who will have to employ and practice the property socially, the owner, holder of the environmental wealth, also it starts to detain a Function Social-Environmental, which is her of guaranteeing that the property will be practiced in the form to satisfy the collective interests. Independently of that, the rights inherent in the Environment are still violated like the devices of environmental protection were violated, which obliges the State to create mechanisms of protection and responsabilization for negation for the person of the standards originating from the social contract, like is the Civil Responsibility institute, what serves like a bit of are reached the recomposition of the Environment and the education of the person for less onerous practices regarding the Environment, time that the environmental poperties belong to the whole community, including the people who are coming. When the disastrous effects of a desertic formation were recognized, as well as when the obligations of the person were glimpsed for with the Environment, including those shown through the necessity of social exercise of the property, it is possible to discuss ways of restriction of the desertic formation. The Pampa ecosystem, where the desertification is propagated, is the cultural common centre that will be going to allow the Integration of the countries of the MERCOSUL, that own he will be able to be benefited by the process of Integration, being considered what might be protected by environmental common legislation to the countries that hold it. Nevertheless, without Integration the standards of protection will content themselves with the extension of Pampas in the Brazilian territory, which will not obstruct the desertic propagation. The consequences of get out of control and of the sloppiness regarding the antropic desertic formation what attacks this ecosystem and others for the world will compel again the people to act more for instinct that for sense of collectivism, which will be able to turn in the extinction of the human sort as we know.
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França, Adelmo Magalhães de. "Vale do Ribeira (SP): proposições econômicas, sociais, políticas e ambientais para o crescimento e desenvolvimento sustentável dos municípios da região administrativa de Registro." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2005. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9147.
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Previous issue date: 2005-10-04The main goal of this work was to propose means to the sustentable economic development and growth of the Vale do Ribeira region. At this way, the work in question was based on empiric researches that resulted on the analysis of the main economic, socials, politics and environment problems, experienced by the municipal districts located at Vale do Ribeira, more specifically, the ones that belong to Registro Administrative Region. It has chosen the defense of the growth and the sustentable development, keeping the environment preservation as the principal mean for jobs and gains generation, associated to others economic activities with less environment impact and, at the same time, searching the competitive advantages and the positives externalizes of the region, such as the carbon kidnap, considering the difficulties and the environment obstructions to the installation of industries on the region. The work has concluded by the necessity of the formation of a new human capital, capable to create proper economic and politic conditions and enough to modify the economic and social situation on the Vale do Ribeira Region, through the strengthening of the Vale do Ribeira Social and Economic Development Fund - FVR, aiming the attraction of new investments routed to the agribusiness, tourism or environment
O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi propor alternativas para o crescimento e desenvolvimento econômico sustentável do Vale do Ribeira. Neste sentido, o trabalho em questão se valeu de pesquisas empíricas, que resultaram na análise dos principais problemas econômicos, sociais, políticos e de meio ambiente, vividos pelos municípios localizados na região, mais especificamente, os que pertencem à Região Administrativa de Registro. Optou-se pela defesa do crescimento e desenvolvimento sustentável, mantendo a preservação do meio ambiente como alternativa principal para a geração de emprego e de renda, associada a outras atividades econômicas com menor impacto ambiental e, ao mesmo tempo, explorando-se as vantagens competitivas e as externalidades positivas da região, entre elas o seqüestro de carbono, considerando-se as dificuldades e os impedimentos ambientais para a instalação de indústrias na região. O trabalho concluiu pela necessidade da formação de um novo capital humano, capaz de criar condições políticas e econômicas próprias e suficientes para modificar o quadro social e econômico da região, via fortalecimento do Fundo de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social do Vale do Ribeira - FVR, visando à atração de investimentos voltados ao agronegócios, turismo ou meio ambiente
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Faria, Helena Mendonça. "Alto e médio Sapucai: cenários para o planejamento ambiental." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16135/tde-20052010-151553/.
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O estudo das características da Bacia Hidrográfica do Sapucaí em Minas Gerais permitiu compreender que esta região rica em potencial humano e natural deve ser tratada como uma região estratégica, por seu potencial hídrico e paisagístico, por sua riqueza cultural e por sua proximidade às regiões metropolitanas mais significativas do país. Entretanto o modelo de desenvolvimento adotado não tem privilegiado o potencial existente de maneira satisfatória em planos e programas que efetivamente se tornem realidade. Partindo-se de uma discussão ampla da questão ambiental e do papel real e imaginado para o planejamento ambiental, urbano e regional buscou-se um entendimento de quais seriam os caminhos de desenvolvimento mais indicados para a região estudada, entendendo que, neste caso, são pressupostos primordiais a valorização da paisagem, da cultura e do desenvolvimento humano.The application about the characteristics of Sapucai´s Hydrographic Basin, in Minas Gerais permitted to understand that this region, rich in human potential and natural, must be viewed as strategic, for his hydro and landscape potential, for his cultural riches and for his proximity of the most metropolitan regions of the country. However, the development model used didnt favored the existed potential in a satisfactory manner into projects and programs that effectively made them real. Starting from a discussion about the environmental subject and the real and imagined role for the urban, regional and environmental planning we have looked for an agreement of what would be the most indicated ways of development, understanding that, in this case, the valorization of the landscape, the culture and the human development are prime assumed.
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Marinho, Karoline Lins Camara. "O regime constitucional da contribui??o de interven??o do dom?nio econ?mico aplic?vel ao setor de combust?veis." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13888.
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Previous issue date: 2008-05-30The performance of the State in the economic area is only legitimized when to be given in virtue of the protection of the principles established constitutionally. Thus, the economic intervention of the State prioritizes the formation of a joust economic order and in this context, it fulfills to us to define, to the long one of this work, the contours of the intervention of the State in the economic domain in the presence of the Federal Constitution of the Republic of 05 of October of 1988, and, more specifically, in the petroliferous economic sector by means of the interventive contribution instituted after the Constitutional amendment 33/2001, with Law 10.336/2001. With the creation of this institute, in Brazil, emerged innumerable quarrels concerning its constitutional legitimacy, directing uncurling of the research to the study of the state intervention through this contribution and its constitutional limits, in the purpose to demonstrate the parameters for its institution and application. In this way, the interventive contribution in the fuel sector (CIDE-Combust?veis) shows itself as an intervention instrument on the economic domain, acting in way to finance the indirect performance of the State, specially in what concerns to the promotion of the principle of sustainable development principle. Therefore, CIDE-Combust?veis is an able instrument to concretizes the mentioned constitutional principle. Thus, the division of its incomes promotes the consolidation of the principle of the cooperative federalism. In this direction, from premises of the environmental tax law, this intends to demonstrate the utility and constitutionality of this exaction tax, primordially with regard to the realization of the basic right to the balanced environment
A atua??o do Estado na ?rea econ?mica somente se legitima quando se realizar em virtude da prote??o dos princ?pios estabelecidos constitucionalmente. Assim, a interven??o econ?mica do Estado prioriza a forma??o de uma ordem econ?mica justa e, nesse contexto, cumpre-nos definir, ao longo deste trabalho, os contornos da interven??o do Estado no dom?nio econ?mico perante a Constitui??o Federal da Rep?blica de 05 de outubro de 1988, e, mais especificamente, no setor de combust?veis por meio da contribui??o interventiva institu?da ap?s a EC 33/2001, com a Lei 10.336/2001. Com a cria??o deste instituto, no Brasil, vieram ? baila inumer?veis discuss?es acerca de sua legitimidade constitucional, dirigindo-se o desenrolar da pesquisa ao estudo da interven??o estatal por meio desta contribui??o e seus limites constitucionais, no fito de demonstrar os par?metros para sua institui??o e aplica??o. Desta maneira, a CIDE-Combust?veis se mostra como um instrumento de interven??o, atuando de maneira a financiar a atividade do Estado, especialmente no que pertine ? promo??o do princ?pio do desenvolvimento sustent?vel. Nesse mister, a CIDE-Combust?veis se mostra instrumento h?bil a concretiza??o do princ?pio constitucional mencionado. De seu turno, a reparti??o de suas receitas promove a consolida??o do princ?pio do federalismo cooperativo. Nesse sentido, a partir de premissas do direito tribut?rio ambiental, este trabalho procura demonstrar a utilidade e constitucionalidade dessa exa??o tribut?ria, primordialmente no que pertine ? efetiva??o do direito fundamental ao meio ambiente equilibrado
Books on the topic "Rio Declaration on Environment and Development"
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Chee, Yoke Ling. The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development: An assessment. Penang, Malaysia: Third World Network, 2012.
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Akinbolaji, Idowu Olutunmbi. The protection of the environment and sustainable development: Responding to the Rio declaration and agenda 21. London: University of East London, 1998.
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Deklerēs, Michaēl Ēlia. Hō dōdekadeltos tou perivallontos: Enkolpio viōsimou anaptyxeōs. Athēna: Ekdoseis Ant. N. Sakkoula, 1996.
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United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (1992 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Agenda 21 : programme of action for sustainable development ; Rio Declaration on Environment and Development ; Statement of Forest Principles: The final text of agreements negotiated by governments at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), 3-14 June 1992, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. New York, NY: United Nations Dept. of Public Information, 1993.
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Nations, United. Agenda 21, Rio Declaration, Forest Principles. [New York]: United Nations, 1995.
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Programme, United Nations Development. Energy after Rio: Prospects and challenges. New York: United Nations Development Programme, 1996.
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United Nations Environment Programme. Keeping track of our changing environment from Rio to Rio + 20 (1992-2012). Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme, 2011.
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McCoy, Michael. The road from Rio: An NGO action guide to environment and development. Utrecht: International Books, 1993.
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McCoy, Michael. The road from Rio: An NGO action guide to environment and development. Utrecht: International Books, 1993.
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The Earth Summit at Rio: Politics, economics, and the environment. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1997.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Rio Declaration on Environment and Development"
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Mitrotta, Emma. "Rio Declaration on Environment and Development." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 1–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_433-1.
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ten Have, Henk, and Maria do Céu Patrão Neves. "Rio Declaration on Environment and Development." In Dictionary of Global Bioethics, 51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54161-3_24.
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Tokuç, Ayça. "Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (UN)." In Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, 2087–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28036-8_19.
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Goodwin, Geoff. "Cerca del Rio y Lejos del Agua: Water, Autonomy, and Hope in the Ecuadorian Andes." In Environment and Development, 225–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55416-3_8.
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Mongkhonvanit, Pornchai, Chanita Rukspollmuang, and Yhing Sawheny. "IAU: The Power to Foster Higher Education for Sustainable Development." In The Promise of Higher Education, 345–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67245-4_52.
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AbstractModernization theory, which believes that “development equates economic growth” and changes in social, political, and cultural structures are the pathways for societies to become modernized, has been the predominant paradigm for the development of nations for decades. However, the model was met with a lot of criticism, and there was a movement to rethink the real meaning of development and well-being. Alternatives for development were proposed, but the most widely accepted paradigm is “sustainability” or “sustainable development” which was defined by the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) in the 1987 Brundtland Report (also called “Our Common Future”) as “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Under this development paradigm, programs, initiatives, and actions aim not only at the preservation of a particular resource but also at other distinct areas: economic, environmental, and social - known as the three pillars of sustainability. The Brundtland Report has had a worldwide impact. “Agenda 21”, a comprehensive plan of action to build a global partnership for sustainable development to improve human lives and protect the environment, was adopted in the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, followed by many other agendas, including the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDG) (2000–2015) and the present United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development or the 17 SDGs.
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"Rio Declaration on Environment and Development." In Compendium of Sustainable Energy Laws, 102–4. Cambridge University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511664885.013.
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Leipziger, Deborah. "The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development." In THE CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY code book, 245–52. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351281041-20.
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Koy, Thompson. "The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development." In The ‘Earth Summit’ Agreements: A Guide and Assessment, 85–96. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429273964-9.
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"The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development." In A Tale of Three Cities, 1–4. Cambridge University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511521799.003.
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"The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development." In Environmental and Quality Systems Integration. CRC Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420048537.axe.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Rio Declaration on Environment and Development"
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Piccin, Jaclyn. "Sustainable Development Programs in Rio de Janeiro: Assessing Conflicts Between the Environment, Society, and Industry." In The 2nd World Sustainability Forum. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wsf2-00936.
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Huanachin, Alberto, Marbey Mosso, Bruno Guedes, and Abelardo Podcameni. "Simulation and development of a FSO system at an urban environment in Rio de Janeiro." In Optical Science and Technology, the SPIE 49th Annual Meeting, edited by Jennifer C. Ricklin and David G. Voelz. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.561394.
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Krbec, Denisa. "Shaping New Paradigms In The Higher Education Development: Dilemmas For Transitional Countries." In 2002 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2516.
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Higher education in Croatia, as well in the other transitional countries, is undergoing significant changes. Those reforming activities affect not only institutions directly but also their relationship to society at large. Recognizing that higher education plays also a crucial role in the various aspects of transitional transformation, many scientist and expert’s reviews place it in the current political, economic, cultural and social environment in which they operate. In this sense, and despite the specific reform start-point of each country, there is a general consensus on the need for regional cooperation. According the Bologna Declaration, the CEE countries need certain compatibility, which means certain similar structures of the educational system in order to strengthening the educational structure of the CEE region. This paper reviews different aspects of higher education challenges. Among many others, the use of IT in higher education effectively requires good tactics as well as a sensible strategy.
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Bao, Han P., and Sundeep Bodapati. "Development of Sustainable Indicators for Products and Processes." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48273.
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Sustainable development is only a lofty goal as long as there is a lack of standard metrics and benchmark values to measure the performance of sustainable development. Measurement of sustainability has been articulated by researchers in several ways, but most definitions are based on the so-called Triple Bottom Line (TBL) approach i.e., with Economic (Profit), Environment (Planet) and Social welfare (People) objectives. Individual measures were proposed by many researchers for these dimensions of sustainability using various indicators. The focus of this paper is on manufacturing processes and products, as opposed to services and organizational entities, it is meant to test the hypothesis that there is a concise subset to the wide range of indicators so far identified in the literature which could be applied to manufacturing processes and products. We wanted to address three issues: 1- What kinds of indicators can be used; 2- How often have they been used or, in other words, how relevant are they? and 3- Are there other indicators which may have been missing? Our primary approach was to look for real case studies in which the authors clearly intended their products to be officially declared as sustainable. All together we found 106 case studies which fit the purpose of our study in the Environmental Product Declaration (E.P.D., http://www.environdec.com). EPD is an organization which provides relevant, verified and comparable information to meet various customers and market needs. The categories of products in EPD range from food and beverage products to textile, wood, chemical, non-metallic mineral, basic metals, fabricated metal, machinery and equipment, and office machinery and computers. Each case study in EPD was carefully assessed with regards to the three issues indicated above, and the final result was the formation of a new set of indicators which will be more suitable for manufacturing processes and products. This new set of indicators, perhaps better described as a filtered set of indicators, was used in a case study to compare the sustainability of a Cathode Ray Tube (C.R.T.) and a Liquid Crystal Display (L.C.D.) desktop computer. Both of these products have been extensively documented by Sony Corporation and the EPA. They provided substantial quantitative data which enhance the validity of our own study. One other tangible result of our study was the determination of a “Sustainable Threshold“ for various products based on the 106 case studies indicated above. We wanted to submit the proposition that an aggregated score determined as indicated in our work can serve as a reliable measure for sustainability.
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Svel-Cerovecki, Svea. "Environmental Protection Management in INA." In ASME 2002 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2002/ee-29068.
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INA-Industrija nafte d.d., is one of the largest companies in the Republic of Croatia. Its principal activities are oil and gas exploration and exploitation, oil refining and processing, oil and gas transportation and sale of fuels and associated products. Such a type and scope of activities requires a major responsibility and a systematic approach to planning, implementing and monitoring the environmental protection. In 1998 INA management adopted so called “green” documents for the purpose of improving the environmental protection activities: “Decision on establishing an integral environment management system” and “Environmental protection policy declaration”. The system implementation activities are under way and four organizational units of INA have obtained ISO 14001 certificate for the successfully implemented environment management system. This paper provides an insight into INA’s environment impacts as well as information about the performed environmental protection management activities and achievement of sustainable development. The attention is drawn to the way company’s units carry out their activities to comply with the current environmental legislation. The information is also provided on INA’s way to participate in national eco-projects and cooperation with international institutions in order to achieve eco-efficiency. Following the requirements according ISO 14001, as well as by major investments, INA contributes to the environmental improvement on local, regional and global levels.
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Vasile, Anna Maria. "Urban Regeneration and Its Challenges in Romania." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/39.
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Urban regeneration defines the actions to convert old areas into new functional and spatial sustainable forms by attracting new activities, new commerce’s, renovate urban infrastructure, upgrade the urban environment and transform the social structure [9]. The integrated urban regeneration operation involves an intervention at the urban level that intend according to the Toledo Declaration on Urban Development, to optimize, conserve and revalue the entire existing urban capital (social, built environment, heritage, etc.), compared to other forms of intervention in which, in all this urban capital, only the value of the land is prioritized and preserved by traumatic demolition and by replacing the entire urban and - most lamentably - social capital [11]. In order to be able to develop the studied area from all points of view, efforts must be made on all levels on which it has been agreed to implement actions, in order to achieve the proposed results. Thus, in order to be able to develop the area economically, efforts must be made to adapt the commercial facilities for the new population concentrations. The authors defined in the paper, the concept of commercial urbanism which means all the efforts and means put in place by architects, urban planners, economists to adapt trade to new living conditions, new concentrations of population.
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Jovanova, Jovana, Filip Dobrivojevski, and Martina Dimoska. "Design of Bio-Inspired Mobile Robot Using Piezoelectric Transducers As Drives." In ASME 2017 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2017-3819.
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This paper focuses on the design and development of a bio-inspired mobile robot using piezoelectric transducers as drives. The design of the device aimed to imitate the trajectory movement of a crawl-like animal. Design constraints as producing controlled movement with piezoelectric transducer, as well as the combination of multiple piezoelectric patches into one mobile robot are presented in their practical aspects. The robot uses 2 piezoelectric transducers as main drives, but also as main structural components of the device. The patches are connected with a thin light rod, and the kinematic of movement is achieved with 4 tiny wooden legs connected on each of the patches. The project investigates the possibility and effectiveness of the piezoelectric transducers for movement of the bio-inspired mobile robot. From conceptual development, to the mechanical design and control, the mobile robot is used to test different trajectories of movement. Ni RIO Evaluation kit has been incorporated as a real-time and FPGA control platform for the mobile robot while using Labview programing environment. To accomplish complex trajectories of movement the velocity of the robot was measured for straight line and rotation of the robot.
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Turan, Abdulmenaf, and Mahmut Güler. "Sustainable Environmental Policy in Turkey: Climate Change Case." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00603.
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Environmental problems have become the main agenda of all countries in the world since 1970’s. Various reports have been written, international meetings have been held and various contracts, agreements and action plans were accepted according to these decisions. Each of these arrangements has reflected to policies of countries. The most important issue of international meetings is that environmental values and natural resources should be used rationally and without extravagancy, should be protected and sustained considering the policy of using rights and benefits of current and future generations. In this sense, the concept of “sustainable development” which aims at enabling economic growth and is defined as an environmentalist view in included in the report called Our Common Future which is prepared by Bruntland in 1987 and presented to United Nations Commission of Environment and Development. Later on, this principle was accepted as the main principle of meeting in RIO Summit of 1992. Turkey which is one of the developing countries did not remain out of this process and determined environmental policies in accordance with decisions in global level. Turkey participated in both meetings mentioned above; carried out preparation studies according to these principles and adapted these principles to legal regulations and policies about environmental and economic development. In this study, first of all historical development of sustainable development concept in global sense will be explained and then it will be evaluated how this principle influences environmental policies in Turkey in analytical way together with examples of practice.
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Sungur, Zerrin. "Social Impact of Sustainable Ecotourism: Cases from Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00522.
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The concept of sustainability began to dominate tourism debates after the United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development, the Earth Summit in Rio de Janerio in 1992. Ecotourism is the fastest growing sector, with an estimated growth rate of 25 to 30 percent, of one of the largest industries in the world. The motto of Action Program for Sustainable Development was that “Only whatever can be sustained by nature and society in the long term permissible.” The World Conservation Union expanded this definition as follows: “Ecotourism is environmentally responsible travel and visitation to relatively undisturbed natural areas, in order to enjoy and appreciate nature that promotes conservation, has low negative visitor impact, and provides for beneficially active socio-economic involvement of local populations.” There are two major problems with respect to ecotourism: achieving ecologic integrity of the ecotourism resource and, increasing and ensuring consistency of quality of the recreation experience for the ecotourist. Economic, environmental and social impacts involved in ecotourism should be balanced within ethical principles. The first official reference to the concept of ecotourism in Turkey was made in the Eighth Five-Year Development Plan (2001-2005). The aim of this study is to explore social impacts of ecotourism in Turkey. Some projects and surveys related with ecotourism will be considered in order to get better understanding of social impacts of ecotourism on the lives of local people in Turkey.
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Nada, Ayman A., and Abdullateef H. Bashiri. "Integration of Multibody System Dynamics With Sliding Mode Control Using FPGA Technique for Trajectory Tracking Problems." In ASME 2018 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2018-9108.
Full textAbstract:
Trajectory tracking robotic systems require complex control procedures that occupy less space and need less energy. For these reasons, the development of computerized and integrated control systems is crucial. Recently, developing reconfigurable Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) give a prominence of the complete robotic control systems. Furthermore, it has been found in the literature that the model-based control methods are most efficient and cost-effective. This model must interpret how multiple moving parts interact with each other and with their environment. On the other hand, MultiBody Dynamic (MBD) approach is considered to solve these difficulties to attain the models accurately. However, the obtained equations of motion do not match the well-developed forms of control theory. In this paper, the MBD model of a mobile robot is established; and the equations of motion are reshaped into their control canonical form. Additionally, the Sliding Mode Control (SMC) theory is used to design the control law. The constraints’ manifold, which is available in the equations of the MBD system, are imposed systematically as the switching surface. SMC is applied because of its ability to address multiple-input/multiple-output nonlinear systems without resorting any approximations. Eventually, the experimental verification of the proposed algorithm is carried out using DaNI mobile robot in which, a Reconfigurable Input/Output (RIO) board is used to reorient the control design, so that can fit the required trajectory. The control law is implemented using LabVIEW software and NI-sbRIO-9631 with acceptable performance. It is obvious that the integration of MBD/SMC/FPGA can be used successfully to develop embedded systems for the applications of trajectory tracking robotics.