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Journal articles on the topic 'Rip currents'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Dalrymple, Robert A., Jamie H. MacMahan, Ad J. H. M. Reniers, and Varjola Nelko. "Rip Currents." Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 43, no. 1 (2011): 551–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-122109-160733.

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2

Choi, Junwoo, Sung-Bum Yoon, Jimin Ko, and Tae-Soon Kang. "PERFORMANCES OF THE RIP CURRENT WARNING SYSTEM AT THE HAEUNDAE COAST OF SOUTH KOREA." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.currents.20.

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Haeundae is one of the most beautiful beaches in Korea, and is also notorious for frequent and strong rip currents. Every recent year in this beach, hundreds of swimmers rescued from rip currents have been reported. The large-scale Haeundae rip current is known to be a kind of transient rip currents which is hardly predicted. The successive ends of wave-crest pattern (i.e., honeycomb wave-crest pattern(Dalrymple et al., 2011)), which generate rip current, are mainly formed by two-directional wave trains due to the refraction of incident swells over submerged shoals and ridges of the Haeundae c

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3

Winter, Gundula, Ap Van Dongeren, Matthieu De Schipper, and Jaap Van Thiel de Vries. "A FIELD AND NUMERICAL STUDY INTO RIP CURRENTS IN WIND-SEA DOMINATED ENVIRONMENTS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.36.

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Rip currents are wave-induced and off-shore directed flows which occur frequently in the surf zone and can pose a serious threat to swimmers. While the behaviour of rip currents has been studied in swell-dominated environments, less is known about their characteristics in wind-sea dominated environments. This study aims to improve the knowledge on rip currents in these environments such as the Dutch coast. In a field campaign at Egmond aan Zee (The Netherlands), Lagrangian velocities in the surf zone were measured with drifter floats. An extensive dataset of rip current measurements was collec

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Zhu, Daoheng, Zhiqiang Li, Pengpeng Hu, Bingfu Wang, Qianxin Su, and Gaocong Li. "Preliminary Investigation and Analysis of Beachgoers’ Awareness of Rip Currents in South China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 5 (2023): 4471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054471.

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Among many coastal hazards, rip currents have gradually become one of the most noticeable hazards. Studies have demonstrated that most drowning accidents at beaches around the world are related to rip currents. In this study, online and field questionnaires were combined for the first time to reveal beachgoers’ awareness of rip currents in China from four aspects: demographic characteristics, swimming ability, information about visiting beaches, and knowledge about rip currents. One educational strategy was introduced to the field survey. The results suggest that (i) the proportion of online a

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5

Pitman, Sebastian J., Katie Thompson, Deirdre E. Hart, et al. "Beachgoers' ability to identify rip currents at a beach in situ." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 1 (2021): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-115-2021.

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Abstract. Rip currents (“rips”) are the leading cause of drowning on surf beaches worldwide. A major contributing factor is that many beachgoers are unable to identify rip currents. Previous research has attempted to quantify beachgoers' rip identification ability using photographs of rip currents without identifying whether this usefully translates into an ability to identify a rip current in situ at the beach. This study is the first to compare beachgoers ability to identify rip currents in photographs and in situ at a beach in New Zealand (Muriwai Beach) where a channel rip current was pres

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6

Choi, Junwoo, Min Roh, and Hyung-sik Hwang. "LABORATORY MODEL TEST OF TRANSIENT RIP CURRENTS DUE TO PSEUDO HONEYCOMB PATTERN WAVES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.currents.19.

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The Haeundae coast of South Korea is famous for its beautiful beach, but the rip current, from which the beach-guards rescue more than 100 people every summer at the beach, is now a notorious phenomenon. The large-scale Haeundae rip current is known to be a transient rip current caused by multi-directional wave trains rather than the topography-induced rip current, for example, due to a gap of sandbar. In other words, the rip current seems develop along the cross-shore nodal line area in the honeycomb wave-crest pattern (Dalrymple et al., 2011) which are generated in a shallow water when two w

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7

Ngo Nam Thinh and Nguyen Thi Bay. "Development of a Two-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model to Simulate Rip Currents in the Bai Dai-Cam Ranh Coast, Vietnam." Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 7, no. 4 (2025): 203–16. https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v7i4.8574.

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Rip currents are a significant threat to swimmers worldwide, responsible for numerous drowning incidents each year. In Vietnam, Bai Dai Beach in Cam Ranh Bay, Khanh Hoa Province, has experienced an increase in drowning events due to rip currents in recent years. To address this issue, a comprehensive study was conducted based on developing a depth-averaged 2D hydrodynamic model to simulate rip currents in the Bai Dai-Cam Ranh coast. The HYDIST-2D numerical model was applied to simulate the rip current evolution in space and time for the study area. The results showed that the HYDIST-2D numeric

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8

Marshall, David P., Bendix Vogel, and Xiaoming Zhai. "Rossby rip currents." Geophysical Research Letters 40, no. 16 (2013): 4333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/grl.50842.

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9

Ji, Xinran, Chuanle Xu, Zhiyuan Ren, Sheng Yan, Daoru Wang, and Zongbing Yu. "Study on the Formation Characteristics and Disaster Mitigation Mechanisms of Rip Currents on Arc-Shaped Beach." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 12 (2023): 2381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11122381.

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Rip currents are fast offshore currents generated during the breaking process of waves propagating nearshore, posing a potential life safety threat to coastal bathers. This study utilizes a Boussinesq phase-resolving model to investigate the formation mechanism of rip currents at Dadonghai Beach, based on its actual topography, and explores the characteristics of rip current formation under various wave conditions, with an emphasis on analyzing vortices, the mean water level and the spatial distribution of average velocity. The results indicate that rip current formation is significantly influ

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10

Ishikawa, Toshinori, Ryo Shimada, and Tsutomu Komine. "RIP CURRENT DETECTION IN AN OPEN AREA AND ALONG JETTY USING AI." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 37 (September 1, 2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v37.papers.7.

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The occurrence of drowning accidents on beaches is mainly caused by rip currents. In this study, we created a single AI model that can detect two types of rip currents with different characteristics: a flash rip current that occurs intermittently in open areas, and a fixed rip current that occurs along jetty. As a result of creating the AI model under various conditions, it was possible to detect the rip currents at each location with high accuracy at the stage of making the AI model. At the final point of the model’s evolution, the accuracy, the precision and the recall rates of the rip curre

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11

Drozdzewski, D., W. Shaw, D. Dominey-Howes, et al. "Surveying rip current survivors: preliminary insights into the experiences of being caught in rip currents." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 12, no. 4 (2012): 1201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-1201-2012.

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Abstract. This paper begins a process of addressing a significant gap in knowledge about people's responses to being caught in rip currents. While rip currents are the primary hazard facing recreational ocean swimmers in Australia, debate exists about the best advice to give swimmers caught in rip currents. Such surf rescue advice – on what to do and how to respond when caught in a rip – relies on empirical evidence. However, at present, knowledge about swimmers reactions and responses to rip currents is limited. This gap is a considerable barrier to providing effective advice to beach goers a

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12

Mackellar, Katherine, Robert Brander, and Wendy Shaw. "YouTube Videos and the Rip Current Hazard: Swimming in a Sea of (Mis)information." International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education 9, no. 3 (2015): 348–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijare2015-0030.

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Rip currents are strong, narrow, offshore flows found on many global beaches and contribute to hundreds of drownings and tens of thousands of rescues each year. Yet despite long-standing educational efforts, public understanding of rip currents is poor. YouTube represents a new visual-based social media platform with the potential to educate a large and global audience about the rip current hazard. This study analyzed the content of 256 rip current–related YouTube videos with over 5 million total views as of March 2, 2015 finding that the accuracy of informa- tion disseminated about rip curren

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13

Ruju, Andrea, Pablo Higuera, Javier L. Lara, Inigo J. Losada, and Giovanni Coco. "RIP CURRENTS ON A BARRED BEACH." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.38.

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This work presents the numerical study of rip current circulation on a barred beach. The numerical simulations have been carried out with the IH-FOAM model which is based on the three dimensional Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The new boundary conditions implemented in IH-FOAM have been used, including three dimensional wave generation as well as active wave absorption at the boundary. Applying the specific wave generation boundary conditions, the model is validated to simulate rip circulation on a barred beach. Moreover, this study addresses the identification of the forcing mecha

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Wang, Yan, Zhili Zou, Zhongbo Liu, and Meixia Song. "Vertical Distribution of Rip Currents Generated by Intersecting Waves in a Sandbar–Groin Systems." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 6 (2024): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060911.

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To analyze the impacts of groins, sandbars, and channels on the three-dimensional features of rip currents, we conducted experimental investigations on the vertical distribution of rip currents under intersecting waves along barred beaches with channels. This study employed ADV flow velocity measurements at two distinct locations: within channel and on a sandbar. The results indicate that in nodal sections within channel and on a sandbar, the rip head region manifests surface flow characteristics, characterized by high velocities near water surface. In a rip neck location, the vertical distrib

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15

HALLER, MERRICK C., and R. A. DALRYMPLE. "Rip current instabilities." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 433 (April 25, 2001): 161–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112000003414.

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A laboratory experiment involving rip currents generated on a barred beach with periodic rip channels indicates that rip currents contain energetic low-frequency oscillations in the presence of steady wave forcing. An analytic model for the time-averaged flow in a rip current is presented and its linear stability characteristics are investigated to evaluate whether the rip current oscillations can be explained by a jet instability mechanism. The instability model considers spatially growing disturbances in an offshore directed, shallow water jet. The effects of variable cross-shore bathymetry,

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16

Barlas, Baris, and Serdar Beji. "RIP CURRENT FATALITIES ON THE BLACK SEA BEACHES OF ISTANBUL AND EFFECTS OF WINDS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 35 (June 23, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.waves.15.

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This study investigates fatalities due to rip currents on the Black Sea coast of Istanbul. Results include the incidence rate of fatalities from rip currents, their causes, temporal and spatial distributions. The data shows that, nearly 70% of all drowning fatalities are associated with rip currents, and that on the average 33 people reportedly die from rip currents each year in Istanbul Black Sea coast. Thus, considering the wind speeds versus rip current fatalities, about one third of the fatalities occur when the wind speed is between 1.5-2.0 m/s. For the wind speeds 1.0-1.5 m/s the rip cur

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17

Jalali Farahani, Rozita, Robert A. Dalrymple, Alexis Hérault, and Giuseppe Bilotta. "SPH MODELING OF MEAN VELOCITY CIRCULATION IN A RIP CURRENT SYSTEM." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.37.

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A Lagrangian numerical model called Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics is used to analyze rip current system generated by a single bar and a rip channel. The pattern of the wave-induced circulation cell over the bar, the oppositely-rotating circulation cell on-shore and a strong seaward-directed current in the rip channel is modeled numerically. The mean horizontal variations of rip current system as well as three-dimensional circulations are studied. The results in three-dimensional space reveal the wave-current interaction and flow patterns in different parts of rip channel, bar, and the trough

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18

Ishikawa, Toshinori, Ryo Shimada, and Tsutomu Komine. "ANALYSIS OF RIP CURRENT GENERATION USING AI-BASED DETECTION DATA." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 38 (May 29, 2025): 35. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v38.papers.35.

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The occurrence of drowning accidents on beaches is mainly caused by rip currents. In this study, we created the AI model that can detect flash rip currents that occur intermittently in open areas. As a result of creating the AI model under various conditions, it was possible to detect the rip currents at each location with high accuracy at the stage of making the AI model. At the final point of the model’s evolution, the accuracy, the precision and the recall rates of the rip current detection were 88 percent, 17 percent and 100 percent, respectively. As a result of investigating the relations

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19

Shimada, Ryo, Toshinori Ishikawa, and Tsutomu Komine. "PROPOSAL OF IMAGE PROCESSING FOR RIP CURRENT VERIFICATION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 38 (May 29, 2025): 66. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v38.papers.66.

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In Japan, rip currents are a major cause of drowning accidents, as many beachgoers fail to recognize them. Previous research has shown that visualizing rip currents can help users avoid them. While AI-based systems have been developed to detect rip currents from fixed-point camera images, these systems involve high initial costs for AI model creation and equipment. This study explores a cost-effective approach to visualizing rip currents using image processing and evaluates whether beachgoers can identify them effectively. The method involves calculating the difference between consecutive imag

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20

Cong, Nguyen Chi, Le Dinh Mau, Nguyen Van Tuan, et al. "Rip current simulation on some beaches in coastal Quang Nam province." Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ biển 19, no. 3B (2019): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/19/3b/14519.

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This paper presents modelling results of rip currents on the main beaches along coastal Quang Nam province including Ha My, Binh Minh, Tam Thanh and Rang beaches during two typical wind seasons: Northeast monsoon (Northeast wind direction, wind levels: 4, 5, 6) and Southwest monsoon (Southeast wind direction, wind levels: 4, 5) using Mike 21 model. Calculation results show that during the Northeast monsoon, the rip current formed in all beaches. In the scenario of level 4 of wind speed, average rip speed was about 40–50 cm/s. In particular, at Tam Thanh beach area, the rip was a typical one wi

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21

Schlatter, Thomas. "Weather Queries: Rip Currents." Weatherwise 43, no. 3 (1990): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00431672.1990.9927134.

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22

Hamsan, Muhammad Amirul Syafiq, and Muhammad Zahir Ramli. "Rip current occurrence probability at selected recreational beaches along Pahang coastline." Ecofeminism and Climate Change 1, no. 1 (2020): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/efcc-03-2020-0005.

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Purpose Pahang beaches draw more than thousand visitors throughout the year. From the year 2006 to 2018, more than 30 drowning and near-drowning cases were recorded mainly from rip currents. Rip currents are defined as unexpected currents that carried beachgoers away to seaward direction more than approximately 50 m from shore. The prediction of rip current development is very important for the protection of human life. This study aims to conduct preliminary survey and field works to identify rip current hazards. Design/methodology/approach The output would be an early warning preventative mit

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Liu, Yuli, Changming Dong, Xiang Li, and Fan Yang. "Assessing Rip Current Occurrences at Featureless Beaches Using Boussinesq Modeling." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 6 (2025): 1139. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13061139.

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Rip currents at featureless beaches (i.e., beaches lacking sandbars or channels) are often hydrodynamically controlled, exhibiting intermittent and unpredictable behaviors that pose significant risks to recreational beach users. This study assessed occurrences of rip currents under a range of idealized morphology configurations and hydrodynamic wave forcing parameters using a wave-resolving Boussinesq-type model. Numerical experiments revealed that rip currents with durations on the time scale of 10 min are generated in the forms of vortex pairs, intensified eddies, mega-rips, and eddies shedd

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Rampal, Neelesh, Tom Shand, Adam Wooler, and Christo Rautenbach. "Interpretable Deep Learning Applied to Rip Current Detection and Localization." Remote Sensing 14, no. 23 (2022): 6048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14236048.

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A rip current is a strong, localized current of water which moves along and away from the shore. Recent studies have suggested that drownings due to rip currents are still a major threat to beach safety. Identification of rip currents is important for lifeguards when making decisions on where to designate patrolled areas. The public also require information while deciding where to swim when lifeguards are not on patrol. In the present study we present an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm that both identifies whether a rip current exists in images/video, and also localizes where that rip c

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Shimada, Ryo, Toshinori Ishikawa, and Tsutomu Komine. "STUDY OF METHODS FOR DETECTING OCCURANCE OF RIP CURRENT USING IMAGE ANALYSIS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 37 (September 1, 2023): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v37.papers.13.

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There are from 2,000 to 3,000 rescues every summer at bathing beaches in Japan, and the main cause of drowning accidents is rip currents. To analyze the rip current, a method for visualizing rip currents with average images can be used. However, in case of the investigation over a long period, such as several months, it is necessary to confirm the occurrence of rip currents through thousands of averaged images by human eyes. In this study, we suggested a new method for detecting the occurrence of rip currents automatically by analyzing the pixel values of averaged images. Images for the analys

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Deguchi, Ichiro, Mamoru Arita, and Takumi Yoshii. "FLUCTUATION OF RIP CURRENT MEASURED IN SHALLOW WATER REGION WITH SMALL TIDAL RANGE." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (2011): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.currents.44.

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Disappearance and formation processes of rip channel are discussed based on the field measurements of wave height, current velocity, bottom topography and flow pattern of near-shore current. Sudden increase in wave height together with the change in the wave direction took place during a half day caused these phenomena and rip current rose and fell according to the transition of the bottom topography. Furthermore, flow pattern of rip current was not steady but transformed itself with low frequency fluctuations of the period of few minutes. It is found that such low frequency fluctuations are c

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Wang, Hsu-Min, Dong-Jiing Doong, and Jian-Wu Lai. "Rip Current Identification in Optical Images Using Wavelet Transform." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 4 (2025): 707. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13040707.

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Rip currents are fast-moving, narrow channels of water that flow seaward from the shoreline, typically forming within the surf zone and extending beyond the wave-breaking region. These currents pose significant hazards to swimmers, contributing to numerous drowning incidents, especially with the increasing popularity of ocean recreation. Despite their prevalence, rip currents remain difficult to detect visually, and no universally reliable method exists for their identification by beachgoers. To address this challenge, this study presents a novel approach for detecting rip currents in optical

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Wahyudi, Vierda Khairene Tiffany, Yeyes Mulyadi, et al. "Morpho-dynamic Induced Rip Currents in Klayar Beach, Pacitan, East Java, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1298, no. 1 (2024): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1298/1/012035.

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Abstract Klayar Beach (KB), Pacitan, East Java, Indonesia is a rugged coast with a narrow sand beach, a relatively small embayment with rocky headlands, and a very exotic view as a coastal tourism destination. Despite its attractiveness, KB poses a hazard due to rip currents. From 2009 to 2022, KB visited more than 3 million people, and more than 30 people were reported dead due to drowning in rip currents. This paper presents the result of fieldwork to investigate morpho-dynamic driven rip current hazard of the study area. This study carried out bathymetric and topographic mapping and sedimen

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Rampal, Neelesh, Christo Rautenbach, and Tom Shand. "INTERPRETABLE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR RIP CURRENT DETECTION AND LOCALIZATION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 37 (September 1, 2023): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v37.management.112.

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A rip current is a strong, localized current of water which moves along and away from the shore. Identification of rip currents is important for both surf lifesavers/lifeguards when making decisions on where to designate safe swimming areas and for the general public when deciding on where to swim when lifeguards are on patrol. Our motivation is to enable better real-time detection of rip-currents to assist and improve decision-making and reduce the potential for loss of life. Our approach is to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm that both identifies whether a rip-current exists

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Brander, R., D. Dominey-Howes, C. Champion, O. Del Vecchio, and B. Brighton. "Brief Communication: A new perspective on the Australian rip current hazard." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 6 (2013): 1687–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-1687-2013.

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Abstract. Rip currents are strong, narrow offshore flows of water which occur on many of the world's beaches and represent a serious hazard to bathers. In Australia, rip currents account for an average of 21 confirmed human fatalities per year. Based on an analysis of the longest existing data records, rip currents account for more human fatalities in Australia on average each year than bushfires, floods, and cyclones combined. This finding raises important questions regarding the levels of attention placed on the low intensity, but high frequency rip current hazard in relation to high profile

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Choi, Junwoo. "A Numerical Study of Rip Current Generation Modulated with Tidal Elevations at the Daecheon Beach." Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers 34, no. 6 (2022): 247–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.9765/kscoe.2022.34.6.247.

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In order to investigate the generations of rip currents modulated with the tidal elevations at a mega-tidal beach at the West Sea coast, numerical simulations of rip currents over the topography of the Daecheon beach were performed by using a Boussinesq-type wave and current model, FUNWAVE. The mega-tidal coast includes rocky outcrops (i.e., reefs) lying over or under the water surface according to the tidal elevations in the offshore and nearshore bathymetry. The offshore topographically-controlled rip currents were well reproduced due to the alongshore non-uniformities transformed by the tid

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Rui Qi, Rui Qi, Dao-Heng Zhu Rui Qi, and Xue Qin Dao-Heng Zhu. "Research on Rip Currents Detection Method Based on Improved YOLOv5s." 電腦學刊 34, no. 2 (2023): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/199115992023043402009.

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<p>Rip currents are common natural disaster and widely distributed on beaches around the world, which can quickly bring swimmers into deep water and cause safety accidents. Rip currents are generally sudden and insidious, making it difficult for inexperienced beach managers and tourists to identify them, and presenting a high risk to swimmers. Deep learning is a popular technology in the field of computer vision, but its applications in rip currents recognition are rare, and it is difficult to realize real-time detection of rip currents. In response to the above problems, we propose an i

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Mucerino, Luigi, Luca Carpi, Chiara F. Schiaffino, Enzo Pranzini, Eleonora Sessa, and Marco Ferrari. "Rip current hazard assessment on a sandy beach in Liguria, NW Mediterranean." Natural Hazards 105, no. 1 (2020): 137–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-04299-9.

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AbstractRip currents are one of the most significant environmental hazards for beachgoers and are of interest to coastal scientists. Several studies have been conducted to understand rip current dynamics, and several approaches for rip hazard assessment have been proposed. In general, the purpose is to provide knowledge and tools to support authorities and lifeguards in rip current risk prevention. This study proposes the application of an expeditious methodology to evaluate rip current hazard and risk, based on probability theory. The tested area was located along the Alassio beach, a renowne

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Yuan, Ye, Huaiwei Yang, Fujiang Yu, Yi Gao, Benxia Li, and Chuang Xing. "A wave-resolving modeling study of rip current variability, rip hazard, and swimmer escape strategies on an embayed beach." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 23, no. 11 (2023): 3487–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3487-2023.

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Abstract. Drownings due to rip currents are a major threat to beach safety. In this study a high-resolution Boussinesq model with a modified wave-resolving Lagrangian tracking module has been applied to a 2 km long embayed beach, Dadonghai of Sanya, Hainan Island, with the purpose of studying rip current variability, real-time rip hazard identification, and the optimal swimmer escape strategies. The beach stage evolves periodically at the study site and plays an important role in the long-term modulation of the occurrence and strength of rip currents according to the modeling. A series of test

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Withers, Archie, and Sergio Maldonado. "On the swimming strategies to escape a rip current: a mathematical approach." Natural Hazards 108, no. 2 (2021): 1449–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04740-7.

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AbstractRip currents represent significant hazards to swimmers all around the world. The danger arises when a misinformed swimmer uses an inadequate strategy to escape the rip, such as fighting the current directly. This can lead to fatigue, panic, and in some cases drowning. There exists a range of strategies put forward by experts (both lifeguards and scientists) to escape rip currents. However, these recommendations are based on a limited number of scientific studies and there is still much discrepancy surrounding the best strategy to escape a rip. Thus, here we present a simple, physics-ba

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Islam, Md Ariful, and Mosa Tania Alim Shampa. "Rip Current: A Potential Hazard Zones Detection in Saint Martin’s Island using Machine Learning Approach." ELCVIA Electronic Letters on Computer Vision and Image Analysis 21, no. 2 (2023): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/elcvia.1604.

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Beach hazards would be any occurrences potentially endanger individuals aswell as their activity. Rip current, or reverse current of the sea, is a typeof wave that pushes against the shore and moves in the opposite direction,that is, towards the deep sea. The management of access to the beach sometimes accidentally push unwary beachgoers forward into rip-prone regions,increasing the probability of a drowning on that beach. The research suggestsan approach for something like the automatic detection of rip currents withwaves crashing based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and machinelearni

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Brighton, B., S. Sherker, R. Brander, M. Thompson, and A. Bradstreet. "Rip current related drowning deaths and rescues in Australia 2004–2011." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 4 (2013): 1069–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-1069-2013.

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Abstract. Rip currents are a common hazard to beachgoers found on many beaches around the world, but it has proven difficult to accurately quantify the actual number of rip current related drowning deaths in many regions and countries. Consequently, reported estimates of rip current drowning can fluctuate considerably and are often based on anecdotal evidence. This study aims to quantify the incidence of rip current related drowning deaths and rescues in Australia from 2004 to 2011. A retrospective search was undertaken for fatal and non-fatal rip-related drowning incidents from Australia's Na

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Widartono, Barandi Sapta, Muchsin Nur Wachid, Deha Agus Umarhadi, Anggini Nur Azizah, and Restu Dwi Cahyo. "Kite Aerial Photography (KAP) for rip current identification in Parangtritis Beach." E3S Web of Conferences 76 (2019): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20197603005.

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Rip current is being the major cause of the deadly accidents in Parangtritis Beach. This occasion can be prevented by mapping and monitoring the spatial pattern of rip currents at the location which rip currents are located. Rip current location can be identified by remote sensing data or aerial observations, such as Kite Aerial Photography (KAP). This platform is low cost and can be performed in coastal area due to the massive winds there. KAP has been widely used as the platform for mapping, and some of them are implemented in coastal area. This study aims to find out the ability of Kite aer

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Kenyon, Kern E. "Rip Currents Have Least Friction." Natural Science 12, no. 05 (2020): 292–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ns.2020.125025.

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Vagle, Svein, David M. Farmer, and Grant B. Deane. "Bubble transport in rip currents." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 106, no. C6 (2001): 11677–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000jc000276.

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Takewaka, Satoshi, and Taishi Yamakawa. "RIP CURRENT OBSERVATION WITH X-BAND RADAR." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (2011): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.currents.43.

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X-band radar measurements were conducted at the research pier HORS, of the Port and Airport Research Institute, located in Hasaki, Japan. Ensembles of original radar images over 17 minutes were processed to time-averaged radar images every hour, which were analyzed to estimate the intertidal morphology and occurrence of rip currents. Several streaks extending in the cross shore direction appear in the averaged images which resemble to a neck and head of a rip current captured often in aerial photos or video imageries. The natures of these characteristic patterns in the time-averaged image are

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Moulton, Melissa, Gregory Dusek, Steve Elgar, and Britt Raubenheimer. "Comparison of Rip Current Hazard Likelihood Forecasts with Observed Rip Current Speeds." Weather and Forecasting 32, no. 4 (2017): 1659–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-17-0076.1.

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Abstract Although rip currents are a major hazard for beachgoers, the relationship between the danger to swimmers and the physical properties of rip current circulation is not well understood. Here, the relationship between statistical model estimates of hazardous rip current likelihood and in situ velocity observations is assessed. The statistical model is part of a forecasting system that is being made operational by the National Weather Service to predict rip current hazard likelihood as a function of wave conditions and water level. The temporal variability of rip current speeds (offshore-

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Ghorbani, Ali. "The modelling of rip channel in creation of rip currents." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 5, no. 4 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2012/v5i4.16.

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Xu, Jie, Sheng Yan, Zhili Zou, Chengshu Chang, Kezhao Fang, and Yan Wang. "Flow Characteristics of the Rip Current System near a Shore-Normal Structure with Regular Waves." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 7 (2023): 1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11071297.

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Rip currents are the strong narrow seaward current produced by waves breaking on the coast. Of the many types of rip currents, the present study investigates, experimentally and numerically, the rip current system produced by the wave reflection on a finite-length shore-normal structure (corresponding to groin, jetty and headland in a real-word environment) with strong wave reflection strength. The incident wave condition of an obliquely propagating monochromatic surface gravity wave is considered for the bottom topographies of planar and barred beaches without or with a rip channel. The corre

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Suarez, Leandro, Rodrigo Cienfuegos, Eric Barthélemy, Hervé Michallet, and Cristian Escauriaza. "LAGRANGIAN DRIFTER MODELLING OF AN EXPERIMENTAL RIP CURRENT." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.35.

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A non-uniform alongshore wave forcing on an experimental uneven mobile bathymetry create mean circulation on a rip channel. A 2D numerical hydrodynamic model that integrates the non-linear shallow-water equations in a shock-capturing finite-volume framework is used to validate the nearshore circulation, and drifters displacement.

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Stokes, Christopher, Timothy Poate, Gerd Masselink, Tim Scott, and Steve Instance. "New insights into combined surfzone, embayment, and estuarine bathing hazards." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 11 (2024): 4049–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-4049-2024.

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Abstract. Rip currents are the single largest cause of beach safety incidents globally, but where an estuary mouth intersects a beach, additional flows are created that can exceed the speed of a typical rip current, significantly increasing the hazard level for bathers. However, there is a paucity of observations of surfzone currents at estuary mouth beaches, and our understanding and ability to predict how the bathing hazard varies under different wave and tide conditions are therefore limited. Using field observations and process-based XBeach modelling at an embayed, estuary mouth beach, we

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Arun Kumar, S. V. V., and K. V. S. R. Prasad. "Rip current-related fatalities in India: a new predictive risk scale for forecasting rip currents." Natural Hazards 70, no. 1 (2013): 313–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-013-0812-x.

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Fletemeyer, John, and Stephen Leatherman. "Rip Currents and Beach Safety Education." Journal of Coastal Research 261 (January 2010): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/09a-0005.1.

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Yu, Jie, and Siyu Chen. "Hydrodynamic Instability Mechanism for Rip Currents." Studies in Applied Mathematics 135, no. 2 (2015): 196–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sapm.12074.

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GRUSZCZYNSKI, MICHAL, STANISLAW RUDOWSKI, JULIA SEMIL, JAN SLOMINSKI, and JERZY ZROBEK. "Rip currents as a geological tool." Sedimentology 40, no. 2 (1993): 217–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1993.tb01762.x.

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