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Hay, Jonathan. "Shitao's late work (1697-1707) a thematic map /." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium access full-text, 1989. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9010658.
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Millett, Matthew E. 1971. "The Egocentric Map Perspective in Thematic Choropleth Maps." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10832.
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xii, 80 p. : ill., maps (some col.) A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.Choropleth maps are a popular way of depicting spatial data. The map communication model, which theorizes that geographic information is transmitted from the cartographer to the map user via a map, suggests that cartographers are responsible for clearly conveying spatial data in a way all map users can understand. Map users, however, come from different places and may harbor certain regional biases. This thesis investigates whether map users tend to focus on data patterns within their home regions during the visual-search and decision-making processes when reading classed choropleth maps, thereby exhibiting an egocentric map behavior. Seventy-one subjects took a computer-based test asking them to identify various phenomena on a series of choropleth maps of the lower 48 states. The results show a weak positive effect of egocentric map behavior; subjects who lived in a particular state longer were slightly more likely to choose states nearby their home region.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Amy Lobben, Chair; Dr. Dan Gavin
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Xie, Ming. "Rethinking Map Literacy and an Analysis of Quantitative Map Literacy." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7989.
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Maps are increasingly being used in traditional and virtual media, and civic discourse on political, social, and environmental issues, among others, is more and more becoming influenced by them. The often-used expression of a “picture tells a 1000 words” has never been so apt in our progressively more visual world. Despite this increased role and importance of maps, map literacy, as a field of research, remains rather underdeveloped. This is especially so for thematic maps, the very type of map that is finding increasing currency in discourse. As part of this under-developed nature of map literacy, the quantitative skills used in map reading and interpretation have not been systematically investigated, and previous commentary on the subject has been limited to listings of relatively low-level skills. As modern technologies, such as GIS, enable the more sophisticated production of maps, their interpretation can come to depend on more advanced quantitative literacy. The quantitative literacy required for map interpretation can also be expected to vary significantly with the type of map, and while map literacy studies generally recognize the broad distinction of reference and thematic maps, they do not provide a more nuanced framework for investigating how quantitative literacy may vary both within these broad categories and for maps which overlap these categories.
This dissertation represents a first attempt to address these issues, and at least provide conceptual frameworks for their investigation. For the first conceptual framework, the dissertation introduces a three-set Venn model to discuss the content and relationships of three “literacies”: map literacy, quantitative literacy, and background information. As part of this, the field of Quantitative Map Literacy (QMP) is introduced and defined as the knowledge (concepts, skills and facts) required to accurately read, use, interpret, and understand the quantitative information embedded in geographic backgrounds. It is conceptualized as the intersection of the Map Literacy and Quantitative Literacy “sets”. The dissertation also introduces the conceptual framework of a compositional triangle based on the ratio of reference to thematic map purpose and the level of generalization/distortion within maps. This framework allows for any type of map to be located within the triangle and then related to the type and level of quantitative literacy they demand. Finally, based on these two frameworks, the dissertation uses the pedagogical tool of “word problems” to explore the variability of map reading skills and knowledge, and does this for specific map examples.
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Zimmermann, Valmir Elemar. "Desenvolvimento de tecnologia alternativa para tratamento de efluentes visando a reutilização da água de postos de lavagem de veículos." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2008. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1872.
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Previous issue date: 2008-02-15The increasing concern with the environment and specially with the use of the water resources resulted in the increasing valorization of the drinking water as well of consumption. Innumerable are the activities that use this resource, one of them, the Car Wash Station (CWS), object of this research. In Brazil, about 32,700 CWS approximately consume 3.7 millions of cubical meters of water per month that transform it in wastewater. In this context, this work had, as general objective, the development of alternative technology for wastewater treatment aiming the recovery of the water from car wash station. For so much, the methodology had as base seven main aspects: 1) diagnosis of the current situation around the activity of CWS; 2) characterization of the crude wastewater generated by CWS; 3) mathematical modeling to identify the critical factors of project; 4) development of the prototype; 5) researches of patents to verify the innovation; 6) elaboration of the process for patent request and 7) specifications of the criteria for development of installation and operation manuals of the wastewater treatment system. In the case of Toledo/PR city, from the 47,155 registered self-driven vehicles (of the whichonly 27% pass for CWS), with a medium consumption of 2682,5 m3 water per month, it was verified a generation of 2.921,14 m3 wastewater per month with highly variable characteristic, having only 97% of the CWS some treatment system. The inefficiency of the conventional systems was verified and the analysis resulted in the proposition/development of two technologies (patent request number MU8701195-6 23/07/2007 and number MU8701196-4 23/07/2007) having, among their characteristics, the low cost,installation/operation/maintenance easiness, need of little space, efficiency and versatile in application form. In this way, this work should intended to contribute with the minimization of the environmental problem around the activity of CWS
A crescente preocupação com o meio ambiente e, em especial com o uso dos recursos hídricos resultou na valorização crescente da água potável como bem de consumo. Inúmeras são as atividades que utilizam este recurso, uma delas, os Postos de Lavagem de Veículos (PLV s), objeto da pesquisa. No Brasil, cerca de 32.700 postos de lavagem transformam aproximadamente 3,7 milhões de metros cúbicos de água/mês em efluente. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo geral o desenvolvimento de tecnologia alternativa para tratamento de efluentes visando a reutilização da água de postos de lavagem de veículos. Para tanto, a metodologia teve como base sete aspectos principais: 1) Diagnóstico da situação atual em torno da atividade dos PLV s; 2) Caracterização do efluente bruto gerado pelos PLV s; 3) Modelagem matemática para identificar os fatores críticos de projeto; 4) Desenvolvimento do protótipo; 5) Pesquisa em banco de patentes para verificar a inovação; 6) Elaboração do processo para pedido de patente e 7) Especificações dos critérios para desenvolvimento de manuais de instalação e operação do sistema de tratamento de efluentes de PLV s. Para o caso da cidade de Toledo-PR constatou-se a existência de 47.155 veículos automotores cadastrados (dos quais apenas 27% passam pelos PLVs), com um consumo médio de 2682,5 m3 de água/mês, geração de 2.921,14 m3 de efluente/mês com característica altamente variável, tendo apenas 97% dos postos algum sistema de tratamento. Constatou-se a ineficiência dos sistemas convencionais cuja análise resultou na proposição/desenvolvimento de duas tecnologias (pedido de patente N° MU8701195-6 de 23.07.2007 e Nº MU8701196-4 de 23.07.2007) tendo entre suas características o baixo custo, facilidade de instalação/operação/manutenção, necessidade de pouco espaço físico, eficiente e versátil na sua forma de aplicação. Desta forma, este trabalho deve contribuir com a minimização da problemática ambiental em torno da atividade dos PLV s.
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Yang, Jun Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "TMDS thematic map design advisory system; for geographical information systems and electronic mapping systems." Ottawa, 1993.
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Freed, Andrew Percy. "The Effects of Multiple Thematic Layers on Web Map Use by Middle School Students." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/306.
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Access to the to the Internet and to a variety of interactive mapping tools has increased interest among middle school teachers to use interactive maps in conjunction with learning activities. There is very little research in the area of interactive mapping in educational situations, specifically with regards to layer maps that combine multiple thematic layers on a single map. This study evaluates the relationship between the number of layers present on a web-based map and middle-school students' accuracy and timeliness using the map to answer geographic questions. Additionally, this study examines the specific effect of a hill shade on student response time and accuracy when answering questions do not require any terrain information. Tests were conducted in five Portland, Oregon area middle school classrooms using Blackboard CE8 to present maps and collect responses. The results of this research indicate no significant relationship between the number of layers present on a web map and middle school students' accuracy or response times while using the map to answer questions. The presence of a hillshade layers does not significantly impact the students' response times or accuracy while answering questions while using the map either.
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Stevenson, Paula J. "A theoretical basis and methodology for the quantitative evaluation of thematic map series from SAR/INSAR Data /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486474078048843.
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Omumbo, Judith A. "Developing a risk map of malaria transmission for East Africa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6a7d9cda-21bf-45c2-a687-3ee060afae87.
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Background: The distribution of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa is determined largely by climatic influences on the development and survival of P. falciparum and its Anopheline vectors. This inter-relationship has been exploited in developing a limited number of predictive maps of malaria's distribution but these climate maps have limitations. Climate alone does not fully describe the complex dynamics of transmission and, in particular, human influences such as urbanization and the use of widespread anti-malarial interventions. The improved accuracy and validation of solely climatedriven maps relies on the availability of robust malariometric training data. To date, such data have been scarce. This study redresses several deficiencies of existing malaria maps for Africa through the collation of an extensive database of empirical P. falciparum prevalence data, the investigation of the relationship between prevalence and a widely-used climate-driven map, an assessment of the influence of urbanization on prevalence and finally, through the use of empirical training data to develop an improved malaria map for Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Methods: An extensive published and grey-literature search was conducted between 1996 and 2004 and identified 2003 P. falciparum prevalence surveys conducted among childhood populations across East Africa between 1927 and 2003. Stringent criteria were applied to select the best sample data; only randomly sampled community-based surveys, surveys with samples >=50 children, surveys conducted between 1980-2004 and children aged 0-14 years, and surveys which were spatially and temporally unique. The selected data were used to investigate the association between P. falciparum prevalence and a fuzzy logic climatic suitability (PCS) map of malaria transmission, the effect of urbanization on prevalence and to train Fourier-processed multi-temporal climate surrogate data derived from meteorological satellites in order to predict prevalence for un-sampled areas. Using discriminant analysis, the top ten climatic predictor variables that distinguished best between 4 categories of malaria prevalence (0-<5, 5-<25%, 25-<75% and >=75%) were selected and these used to develop a predictive transmission map.
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Damicis, Adrienne. "A Spatial Risk Map of Malaria in Four African Countries." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555615180322027.
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Thorsteinsson, Russell. "WATER CONTAMINATION RISK DURING URBAN FLOODS : Using GIS to map and analyze risk at a local scale." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-18183.
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Water contamination during urban flood events can have a negative impact on human health and the environment. Prior flood studies lack investigation into how GIS can map and analyze this at a large scale (cadastral) level. This thesis focused on how GIS can help map and analyze water contamination risk in urban areas using LiDAR elevation data, at a large-scale (cadastral) level, and symbology and flood classification intervals specifically selected for contamination risk. This was done by first completing a literature review about past research and studies of similar scope. Based on the findings, a method to map and analyze water contamination risk during sea-based flood scenarios was tested in the Näringen district of Gävle, Sweden. This study area was investigated and flood contamination risk maps were produced for two different flood scenarios which illustrated which properties are vulnerable to flooding and at what depth, what their contamination risk is, and if they are hydrologically connected to the ocean. The findings from this investigation are that this method of examining water contamination risk could be useful to planning officials who are in charge of policies relating to land-use. These findings could help guide landuse or hazardous material storage regulations or restrictions. To further research in this topic, it is recommended that similar studies are performed that use a more detailed land-use map which has information on what type and quantity of possible contaminants are stored on individual properties. Furthermore, flood modeling should be employed in place of the flood mapping which was conducted in this thesis.
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Gaspers, Stephanie Lynn. ""Questions About Stuff You Don't Normally See on a Map:" A Study of Sixth-Graders' Abilities to Understand Quantitative Thematic Maps." PDXScholar, 2007. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2425.
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Middle school students work with many types of maps in school, however most maps they use are qualitative thematic maps that only show differences in kind as compared to quantitative thematic maps that show differences in amounts. This thesis investigates sixth-grade students' abilities to analyze three types of thematic maps: dot maps, choropleth maps, and graduated circle maps. Two hundred and two Oregon sixth-graders were tested on their abilities to interpret map symbology, make inferences from the data, categorize values into regions, and ask geographic questions concerning data distributions. The results indicate that students can understand these three quantitative thematic maps for these purposes. These results also raise the question, "Why aren't there more quantitative thematic maps presented to students in middle school curriculum?"
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Mysorekar, Sagar Ravindra. "A GEOSPATIAL FIRE RISK ANALYSIS OF ATHENS, OHIO." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1142460034.
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Matoušková, Lenka. "Využití povodňových map v rámci pojištění majetku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197804.
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This thesis deals with flood maps and their use in the context of property insurance. There are flood maps presented in comparison with similar projects of the European Union, the flood hazard maps and flood risk maps. There is also assessed the impact of flood maps on Flood Prevention Strategy in the Czech Republic. This thesis analyzes the offers insurance companies in the property insurance according to 4 risk flood zones. Finally, it evaluates the importance of flood maps not only from the perspective of insurance companies, but also from the perspective of others (people, companies etc.).
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Kako, Iara Sakitani. "Geografia e cartografia do turismo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-01102008-154015/.
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A cartografia do turismo faz parte do conjunto de representações gráficas que compõem a cartografia temática. O presente estudo, inserido no contexto da cartografia temática, tem como objetivo elaborar uma proposta cartográfica para o turismo. Para a elaboração de tal proposta, foi resgatada a evolução do saber tanto da geografia quanto da cartografia. Tal tarefa possibilitou uma compreensão do papel da cartografia nas representações turísticas. Em um segundo momento, dez mapas turísticos foram analisados, demonstrando-se as várias formas de representação do turismo em mapas, e a acessibilidade desses mapas mundialmente conhecidos. A última etapa da investigação apresenta um estudo de caso do município de São Bento do Sapucaí SP; há uma caracterização do município explorando os aspectos sociais e naturais relacionados ao turismo. O estudo de caso associado aos fundamentos teóricos-metodológicos apresentados no 1° capítulo da dissertação possibilitou a elaboração de um mapa das unidades de potencial turístico para o município de São Bento do Sapucaí. Tal mapa expressa o raciocínio de síntese elucubrado ao longo do processo investigativo.The cartography of the tourism is part of the set of graphic representations that compose the thematic cartography. The present study, inserted in the context of the thematic cartography, it has as objective to elaborate a proposal for tourism cartography. For the elaboration of such proposal, the evolution of knowing in such a way of the geography how much of the cartography was rescued. Such task made possible an understanding of the cartography role in the tourist representations. At as a moment, ten tourist maps had been analyzed, demonstrating the some forms of representation of the tourism in maps, and the accessibility of these world-wide known maps. The last stage of the inquiry presents a study of case of the São Bento do Sapucaí - SP city; it has a characterization of the city exploring related the social and natural aspects to the tourism. The study of case associated with beddings theoretical-methodological presented in first chapter of the dissertation made possible the elaboration of a touristic potential units map for the São Bento do Sapucaí city. Such express map the reasoning of synthesis thought throughout the investigative process.
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Werner, Albin. "Why do Women's Hockey Players Choose to Dropout from Ice Hockey? A Thematic Analysis." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45295.
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The purpose of the study was to thematically map and describe what motives and factors previous ice hockey women experienced as contributing to their dropout from ice hockey. The study involved 15 interviewees; women aged 17–42 (M = 23.3 SD = 6,8) where all participants previously played ice hockey but have now chosen to quit. In the study, interviews were conducted with all participants and the participants had been active in ice hockey between 3 and 24 years (Average = 13.3). The result was analyzed via a thematic analysis. The results show that the participants experience several different intrapersonal, interpersonal, and structural constraints as contributing reasons for terminated sports participation (i.e., negative emotions, low competence, coach's behavior, teammates' behaviors, and financial constraints). To reduce the number of dropouts from sports, federations, clubs, and districts are recommended, among other things, to work to increase coaches' knowledge of psychological and psychosocial aspects to create better and more pleasant environments in women's hockey. This together with strengthening the participants' three basic needs (competence, autonomy & relatedness). Future research in the field is recommended to focus on a broader societal perspective and how it is related to dropouts from sports.Syftet med studien var att tematiskt kartlägga och beskriva vilka motiv och faktorer tidigare ishockeykvinnor upplevde bidragande till deras avhopp från ishockey. Studien involverade 15 intervjuade; kvinnor i åldrarna 17–42 år (M = 23,3 SD = 6,8) där samtliga deltagare tidigare spelat ishockey men nu har valt att sluta. I studien genomfördes intervjuer med samtliga deltagare och deltagarna hade varit aktiva i ishockey mellan 3 och 24 år (genomsnitt = 13,3). Resultatet analyserades via en tematisk analys. Resultaten visar att deltagarna upplever flera olika intrapersonella, interpersonella och strukturella begränsningar som bidragande orsaker till avslutat idrottsdeltagande (ex. negativa känslor, låg kompetens, tränares beteende,lagkamraters beteende och ekonomiska begränsningar). För att minska antalet bortfall från idrott rekommenderas förbund, klubbar och distrikt bland annat att arbeta för att öka tränarnas kunskap om psykologiska och psykosociala aspekter för att skapa bättre och trevligare miljöer inom damhockey. Detta tillsammans med att stärka deltagarna tre grundläggande behov (kompetens, autonomi och tillhörighet). Framtida forskning inom området rekommenderas att fokusera på ett bredare samhällsperspektiv och hur det är relaterat till bortfall från idrott.
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Kayrouz, Benjamin Michael. "PRECISION AGRICULTURE: REALIZING INCREASED PROFIT AND REDUCED RISK THROUGH COST MAP AND LIGHTBAR ADOPTION." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/875.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Kentucky, 2008.Title from document title page (viewed on November 3, 2008). Document formatted into pages; contains: ix, 58 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-57).
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Porter, James Jonathan. "The extreme flood outline map : co-producing flood risk mapping and spatial planning in England." Thesis, University of London, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629429.
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Megiato, Érica Insaurriaga. "Análise da fragilidade ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do Arroio Pelotas, RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/30379.
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Este trabalho consiste na análise da fragilidade ambiental da Bacia Hidrográfica do Arroio Pelotas (BHAP), RS, partindo de uma metodologia que integra o estudo dos aspectos físicos e sócio econômicos da área de estudo. A BHAP possui uma área de aproximadamente 910 km², abrangendo parte do território dos municípios de Pelotas, Canguçu, Arroio do Padre e Morro Redondo. O resultado final do trabalho consiste na carta de fragilidade ambiental da bacia hidrográfica em estudo, o qual foi possível a partir dos estudos e mapeamentos básicos da geologia, geomorfologia, solos e uso do solo. A unidade de estudo localiza-se sobre duas importantes unidades morfoesculturais do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, na porção norte da bacia hidrográfica situa-se o Planalto Uruguaio Sul-rio-grandense, que apresenta em sua morfoestrutura rochas ígneas plutônicas, metamórficas e sedimentares, datadas do período Précambriano. Na porção sul, em direção a sua foz, no Canal São Gonçalo, situase a unidade denominada Planície Costeira que possui como morfoestrutura a Bacia Sedimentar de Pelotas, do período Cenozóico. As altitudes na área de estudo variam do nível do mar, na Planície Costeira a aproximadamente 500 metros no Planalto Uruguaio Sul-rio-grandense. Com relação às declividades, a área de estudo apresenta 52% da área total com declividades de 0 a 6%, declividades Muito Fracas, sendo que toda a porção da Planície Costeira se inclui nesta classe. A soma das declividades Médias, Fortes e Muito Fortes, constituem 27% do total da Bacia Hidrográfica do Arroio Pelotas, estas classes são encontradas no Planalto Uruguaio Sul-rio-grandense. Quanto aos tipos de solos, predominam na BHAP os Argissolos Bruno-acinzentados e os Argissolos Vermelho-amarelo na porção norte e os Planossolos na porção sul. O principal tipo de uso do solo identificado na área de estudo é a agricultura (uso misto), representando 55% da área. A carta de fragilidade possibilitou a análise da fragilidade dos ambientes, com relação aos processos erosivos e processos de inundações. Na BHAP foram identificadas áreas com fragilidade Muito Fraca (3%), Fraca (26%), Média (52%), Forte (16%) e Muito Forte (3%).The present study examines the environmental fragility of the Hydrographic Basin of the Arroio Pelotas (HBAP), RS, with the use of a methodology that integrates the study of its physical and socioeconomic aspects. The HBAP has an area of approximately 910 km², covering part of the territory of the municipalities of Pelotas, Canguçu, Arroio do Padre and Morro Redondo. The final result is the letter of environmental fragility of the watershed under study, which was based on the thematic studies and mapping of geology, geomorphology, soils and land use. The study unit is located on two important morphosculptural provinces of the state of Rio Grande do Sul; in the northern portion of the watershed lies the Uruguayan Plateau South-rio-grandese, which presents plutonic igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, dating from Precambrian period, in its morphostructure. In the southern portion, toward the mouth of Pelotas stream, is located the unit called the Rio Grande do Sul Coastal Plain, which has the Sedimentary Basin of Pelotas, from the Cenozoic period, for its morphostructure. The altitudes in the study area vary from sea level in the Coastal Plain to about 500 meters in the Uruguayan Plateau Southrio- grandese. Concerning the slopes, they rate as very low at 52% of the total area of the HBAP, and low at 21% of the area, including the entire Coastal Plain and some areas on the Plateau. The sum of average, strong and very strong slopes constitute 27% of the whole watershed of the Pelotas stream; these classes are located entirely in the Uruguayan Plateau South-rio-grandense. As for the types of soils, bruno-gray and red-yellow Argisols predominate in the northern basin, while Planosols predominate in the southern portion. The main land use found in the study area is agriculture (mixed use), representing 55% of the study area. The letter of fragility allowed the analysis of the fragility of the environments, relating to erosion and flood risk. In the HBAP were identified areas with Very Low (3%), Low (26%), Average (52%), Strong (16%) and Very Strong (3%) environmental fragility.
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Chládeková, Paulína. "Zaměření rodinného domu v Brně Žabovřeskách." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-414308.
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This diploma thesis is about measuring of family house, creating drawings and visualization of results. The family house is located in the Brno-Žabovřesky The house was surveyed by the classical geodetic method using a survey net built using GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System). The results of field measurements were processed in the Groma program, graphic outputs (footprints of individual floors, sections and 3D model) in the MicroStation application. The documentation can be used mainly for the planned reconstruction of the family house and other related purposes.
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Marques, Diogo Filipe Pereira. "Risk assessment conceptual model of occurrence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in unprocessed beef and bovine milk." Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1234.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaCrohn’s Disease aetiology is currently unknown and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) has been proposed as its etiologic agent. Despite the absence of a causal relationship between MAP and Crohn’s Disease, MAP has been frequently isolated in humans. Milk and beef consumption is considered a possible MAP source. Thus the risk of MAP occurrence on these products should be assessed. The main objective of this work was to assess the probability of MAP occurrence in unprocessed beef and bovine milk. In order to assemble the available data, an exhaustive literature search was made on the dissemination of MAP infection and MAP isolation by bacteriologic tissue culture. The main knowledge gaps found were the lack of detailed information on: i) MAP dissemination mechanism and the importance of faecal contamination; ii) relation between MAP dissemination and other indicators (clinical signs, gross lesions, immune response); iii) MAP prevalence on beef and milk by stage of infection. Due to the lack of this information, the risk assessment and the characterization of the risk mitigation measures could not be performed. The risk model pathways, its assumptions, data required and knowledge gaps are described in this work. Further research is needed to make available the mentioned knowledge gaps and to develop and to improve diagnostic tests for direct MAP detection on beef and bovine milk.
RESUMO - Modelo conceptual da avaliação do risco de ocorrência do Mycobacterium avium subspécie paratuberculosis em carne e leite de bovino não processados - A etiologia da Doença de Crohn é actualmente desconhecida e o Mycobacterium avium subspécie paratuberculosis (MAP) tem sido proposto como um dos possíveis agentes etiológicos. Apesar de não ter sido ainda estabelecida uma relação causal entre a Doença de Crohn e o MAP, este tem sido frequentemente isolado em humanos. O consumo de leite e carne é considerado um possível veículo do MAP, justificando-se por isso a avaliação do risco de ocorrência do MAP nos produtos mencionados. Este trabalho teve como objectivo avaliar a probabilidade de ocorrência do MAP em carne e leite de bovino, não sujeitos a processamento tecnológico. De forma a consultar e avaliar informação existente, foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica exaustiva sobre a disseminação da infecção por MAP e sobre o isolamento do MAP por cultura bacteriológica de tecidos. A principal lacuna identificada foi a ausência de informação detalhada sobre: i) o mecanismo de disseminação do MAP e a importância da contaminação fecal; ii) a relação entre a disseminação do MAP e outros indicadores (sinais clínicos, lesões macroscópicas, resposta imunitária); iii) a prevalência do MAP na carne e no leite nos diferentes estadios de infecção. A ausência desta informação não permite a avaliação do risco e a consequente definição de medidas específicas com vista à sua mitigação. Neste trabalho são descritas as árvores de eventos, pressupostos, informação necessária e as lacunas no conhecimento. Estudos futuros são necessários para disponibilizar a informação inexistente e para desenvolver e aperfeiçoar testes de diagnóstico para detecção directa do MAP na carne e no leite de bovino.
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Casagrande, Alessandro. "Índice agroambiental para avaliar o uso de agrotóxicos (IAA) no Estado do Paraná." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2018. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/3101.
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O Brasil está entre os três maiores consumidores de agrotóxicos no mundo. Atualmente, não há no país nenhum índice agroambiental de uso de agrotóxicos capaz de refletir os seus impactos nos sistemas naturais. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral desenvolver uma metodologia para a criação de um índice destinado ao monitoramento do impacto do uso de agrotóxicos sobre o território paranaense. O estudo também considerou como objetivos específicos: i) propor o desenvolvimento do índice agroambiental para monitoramento do uso de agrotóxicos em bacias hidrográficas; ii) investigar a relação de indicadores que subsidiem o monitoramento de uso de agrotóxicos; iii) geoespacializar os dados na bacia em estudo por meio de mapas temáticos. A pesquisa propôs a criação de um índice baseado em três indicadores agroambientais: a) Indicador 1 - média da quantidade de quilos/litros de agrotóxicos por hectare por ano de área agricultável expresso no receituário agronômico dos produtos formulados receitados; b) Indicador 2 - potencial de periculosidade ambiental dos agrotóxicos e c) Indicador 3 - pluviosidade média anual de cada município para representar um maior ou menor grau de potencial de run-off. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas etapas: a etapa de cálculos e de produção cartográfica (mapas temáticos). Na etapa de cálculos, foi desenvolvida uma metodologia para tabular um grande conjunto de dados do Sistema de Monitoramento do Comércio e Uso de Agrotóxicos do Estado do Paraná - Siagro no intuito de subsidiar os indicadores. Na etapa cartográfica foram produzidos os mapas temáticos coropléticos no sentido de facilitar a visualização da informação geoespacializada. O estudo demonstrou ser possível utilizar o índice para elencar municípios prioritários para a gestão do risco agroambiental dentro de bacias hidrográficas, traduzindo uma grande quantidade de dados no recorte temporal estabelecido. Desta forma, possibilitou diminuir as aproximações na modelagem dos indicadores de uso de agrotóxicos utilizados atualmente no país. Concluiu-se que o índice pode ser utilizado para subsidiar a gestão do risco do uso de agrotóxicos não apenas para o uso em bacias hidrográficas, mas as outras áreas de estudo que tenham interesse nos impactos do uso de agrotóxicos.Brazil is among the three largest consumers of pesticides in the world. There is currently no agri-environment index for pesticides use in the country capable of reflecting its impacts on natural systems.The general objective of this research was to develop a methodology for the monitoring impact of pesticides use in agriculture on the Paraná State environment. The study also considers the specific objectives: i) to propose the the agro-environmental index for monitoring the use of pesticides in river basins; ii) to investigate the list of indicators that subsidize the monitoring of the use of pesticides; iii) to geospatial data in the basin under study through thematic maps. The research proposed the creation of an index based on three agri- environmental indicators: a) indicator 1 - average amount of kilos/liters of pesticides per hectare of arable area expressed in the agronomic prescription of formulated products; b) indicator 2 - potential environmental hazard of pesticides and c) indicator 3 - annual average rainfall of each municipality to represent a greater or lesser degree of run-off potential. The research was carried out in two stages: the calculations part and cartographic production (thematic maps). In the calculation part, a methodology was developed to tabulate a large dataset derived from Monitoring System of the Trade and Use of Pesticides in the State of Paraná - Siagro, to subsidize the indicators. In the cartographic part, the thematic maps were produced to facilitate the visualization of geospatial information. The study demonstrated that it is possible to use the index to list priority municipalities for agro-environmental risk management within a river basin, translating a large amount of data into the established biennium. In this way, the main contribution of this work is the proposal of error reduction method in the modeling of pesticides indicators of use currently in the country. It was concluded that the index can be used to subsidize the risk management of the use of pesticides not only for use in river basins, but other areas of study that have concern about the impacts of the use of pesticides.
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Logg, Cristina Alene. "Crowdsourcing corporate water data : a validity test of a pilot survey instrument to map public water management related risk worldwide." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118242.
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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 128-130).
As water crises continue to occur globally, it would be invaluable to have easy-to-access, comparable and localized data on public water management worldwide; unfortunately such information is not available from a single public source (Koelbel et al. 2018). Information on water risk that does exist does not cover public water management at a granularity that would be useful to industrial facilities and local utilities. Even at a national or state-level, datasets on water risk are woefully incomplete. Given these gaps, the World Resources Institute (WRI) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan Sustainability Initiative (MIT-SSI) are seeking to crowdsource multinational companies' information on public water management and water risk to see whether a reliable, globally comparable, and centralized geodatabase can be developed by pooling information that private actors use to map and identify local water risk and public water management efforts essential to their decision-making. WRI and MIT-SSI began an initial pilot study in 2017 with a survey of six multinational companies and 41 of their industrial processing and manufacturing facilities in 14 countries. These corporations were selected because they operate facilities globally, pursue extensive internal environmental sustainability work, and regularly collect data on water use and discharge at the site level. The initial pilot survey instrument covered (i) the availability of quantified, public information on water availability, demand, and quality; (2) the state of the relevant infrastructure including reliability of water supply and availability of wastewater treatment services; (3) existing water access regulations and consistency of regulatory enforcement; and (4) crisis response. I was asked to analyze these survey responses along with the results of follow-up interviews conducted in coordination with site visits to a selection of the survey respondents from California and India. I set out to determine whether the risk indicators used by the WRI/MIT-SSI partnership accurately portray on-the-ground public water management circumstances at the facility level for companies operating in both low and high-risk areas. I also tried to determine whether the water risk indicators developed by WRI/MIT-SSI are comparable, credible, and relevant across a range of manufacturing and industrial processing sites. In order to assess the validity of the initial survey instrument and the data it generated, I completed 27 interviews of 32 academics, public water managers, corporate facility managers, and individuals associated with non-profit organizations engaged in water and sanitation. I also visited two facilities in Southern California and Maharashtra, India while following up with six facility and environmental managers who completed the initial surveys in these regions. I found the pilot study responses generally reflected local public water risk management conditions and were trusted and found credible by all stakeholder groups interviewed. Furthermore, officials and stakeholders engaged in public water management, advocacy, and oversight thought the data generated by the survey instrument would be useful in a variety of ways as long as enough data points are provided and anonymity of corporate respondents is maintained. Unless responses can remain anonymous, there were fears that particular sites might be subject to litigation or regulatory retaliation. Facility managers said that they were able to answer all the survey questions based on what they already knew from their facilities' daily operations and from information regularly collected for internal environmental reporting and efficiency efforts. In my view, the responses appeared reasonably accurate and they were generated in a timely manner. Furthermore, collecting this information from corporate actors is not only feasible but is preferred in some contexts. My recommendations for improving the survey instrument emphasize the need to expand the scope of the survey while remaining cognizant of the need to keep the instrument brief. This includes collecting data on the availability of recycled and reclaimed water and addressing the existence of regulations that require the use and treatment of wastewater on-site. Furthermore, concerns about whether the survey respondent is qualified to answer the questions regularly arose; therefore, an additional recommendation is to provide a question to validate whether the respondent works onsite or has operating knowledge of water management in the region. WRI and the Pacific Institute, who will be superseding MIT-SSI in the project as it moves forward, should collaborate with additional institutional and corporate partners to ensure that more data points are collected globally as this will enhance the global credibility of survey findings.
by Cristina Alene Logg.
M.C.P.
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Yildiz, Acelya Ecem. "Development Of A Knowledge-based Risk Mapping Tool For International Construction Projects." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615342/index.pdf.
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Due to its high-risk nature, international construction projects are more vulnerable to adverse changes in project environment and company objectives. To achieve successful project outcomes, early provision of risks has a vital place in managing construction projects. Within the literature, several risk assessment methodologies have been offered to simulate probable consequences of risks. The majority of the proposed methodologies are limited in reflection of real project conditions as they require probabilistic measures or rely on solely intuition and experience of decision makers. In this study, it is argued that an additional assistance is needed for decision-makers when they are assessing magnitudes of risks under different project and country conditions. The purpose of this study is to develop a knowledge-based risk mapping tool for international construction projects using an ontology that relates risk and vulnerability to cost overrun and a novel risk-vulnerability assessment methodology. The tool incorporates a &lsquolessons learned database&rsquo
that utilizes learning from previous projects in order to assist decision-makers when quantifying the risk-related variables. The database is expected to aid decision-makers by retrieving and making use of the knowledge of previous projects that have been captured, codified, and stored within the database previously. In addition, to guide decision-makers by giving better understanding of the risk variables, attributes of the risk-related variables are identified that lists probable triggering events for the occurrence of the relevant variables. The tool has also been tested on a real construction project as well as its usability has been ensured by conducting some usability tests.
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Marzilli, Michael Dean, and Michael Howard Minier. "The use of manipulatives and thematic units to aid with learning, to create interest, and to increase involvement for at-risk students in consumer math." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1473.
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Larsson, Christensen Emma. "Translating sentence openers : An analysis of the potential risk of syntactic interference in a translation from English to Swedish." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-53556.
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In this paper the changes that occur in the translation of initial sentence elements regarding clause element function as well as thematic structure are analyzed. The first part of the aim is to investigate how these functions and structures change in translation. The second part of the aim is to analyze the potential risk of syntactic interference from using thematic or word order solutions that are too close to the SL or too uncommon in the TL. To answer this the source text and translated text were divided by individual sentences and categorized by word order, thematic structure and differences between ST and TT. The results were compared to previous research by mainly Altenberg (1998) and Hasselgård (1998), with additional use of primarily Bohnacker (2010), Munday (2012) and Tirkkonen-Condit (2014) for further definitions of syntactical interference. The quantitative results suggested that there may be syntactical interference. This can be found mainly in the lack of ASV→SV word order structures, possibly due to a fear of deviating too far from the ST structure, and by an abundant use of formal subject (det), due to overcompensating by using TL specific structures that are perceived as common. However, it is not easy to find examples of translationese in syntax from only a cursory glance and the in-depth qualitative analysis was necessary for this conclusion.
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Sunagawa, Walkiria Kazue. "Análise das relações entre as representações gráficas da cartografia temática e o design gráfico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8135/tde-04072011-144310/.
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Em seu estágio atual a cartografia se encontra dividida em dois ramos: a cartografia sistemática com representações padronizadas e linguagem técnica e a cartografia temática - com variados tipos de representações gráficas que, apesar de não serem padronizados, possuem princípios que as norteiam. Os mapas, por seu conteúdo intrinsecamente visual, estiveram muitas vezes relacionados à arte. A harmonia entre linhas, cores, textos e alegorias, muitas vezes fez surgir indagações sobre a participação da arte nos mapas. A cartografia mostra que o equilíbrio visual está além da apreciação do belo e, na verdade, está associado à comunicação e à funcionalidade. Os aspectos artísticos presentes nos mapas não estão relacionados mais à arte, mas ao design gráfico.Currently the cartography is divided into two branches: a systematic cartography - with standardized representations and technical language - and thematic cartography - with varying types of representation which, although not standardized, have principles that guide them. Maps, for its content intrinsically visual, were often related to art. The harmony of lines, colors, text and allegories, often has raised questions about the participation of art in the maps. The cartography shows that the balance is beyond the visual appreciation of beauty and, indeed, is associated with communication and functionality. The artistic aspects present in most maps are not related to art, but the graphic design.
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Valenti, Eduardo da Silva. "Modelo cartográfico digital temático para simulação e previsão de inundações no município de Porto Alegre - RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/28477.
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Desastres naturais sempre fizeram parte da vida dos seres humanos, porém nos últimos anos devido ao crescimento dos grandes centros urbanos, da dificuldade de aplicação e cumprimento de políticas de preservação ambiental e de alterações climáticas crescentes, as catástrofes naturais estão se tornando comuns, e no caso particular deste estudo os danos causados por cheias têm afetado as populações próximas aos leitos hídricos, causando prejuízos materiais, mortes, desaparecimentos, flagelados e desalojados. Para se conhecer melhor o comportamento destes eventos extremos e aumentar a segurança evitando com isto a perda de vidas e minimizando o prejuízo econômico que advém destes desastres, se faz necessário um estudo das possíveis áreas afetadas identificando os locais de risco e quantificando a criticidade de um evento de grande magnitude. Com base em estudos de eventos anteriores, como os registros de grandes enchentes, e utilizando técnicas modernas de posicionamento por GPS (Global Positioning System), processamento digital de imagens geradas por satélites e representação temática do nivelamento geométrico destas cheias, pode-se reproduzir em modelos estes eventos e quantificá-los com uma boa precisão de seus efeitos nos dias atuais. A simulação destes eventos extremos em um modelo de base confiável que, disponibilizado à defesa civil, traz um conhecimento prévio dos possíveis efeitos de uma ocorrência deste tipo, onde poderão ser planejadas rotas de fugas e ações mitigadoras, minimizando perdas de vidas e grandes prejuízos econômicos. Os mesmos modelos servem também de ferramenta de análise de impacto e planejamentos para melhoria do plano diretor de desenvolvimento social, econômico, ambiental e pesquisas na área acadêmica. Os modelos apresentados contemplam apenas uma pequena parte das possibilidades que um trabalho como este viabiliza na área da pesquisa. Os mapas temáticos com as curvas de nível, médias das enchentes registradas, área destinada à preservação ambiental da orla do rio e o mapa das regiões onde o evento extremo de 41 atingiu, ficam disponibilizados para livre utilização.Natural disasters have always been part of the human lives, but in recent years due to growth of large urban centers, the difficulty of implementation and compliance of environmental preservation policies and increasing climate change, natural disasters are becoming common, and in the particular case of this study the damage caused by floods have affected populations beds near the water resources, causing material damage, deaths, disappearances, flagellates and homeless. To better understand the behavior of these extreme events and increase safety avoiding the lives loss and minimizing the economic losses that arise from these disasters, it is necessary to study the possible affected areas identifying the risk sites and quantifying the criticality of an event of great magnitude. Based on studies of past events, as the records of large floods, and using modern techniques of GPS positioning, digital image processing generated by satellites and thematic representation of capping geometry of these floods, we can play in these models events and quantify them with a good accuracy of its effects today. The simulation of these extreme events in a confident base model that available to bring the civil defense prior knowledge of the possible effects of an event this kind, which may be planned escape routes and mitigating actions minimizing loss of life and large economic losses. The same models also serve as analysis impact tool and planning for improvement of the master plan for social development, economic, environmental and research in the academic area. The models presented cover only a small part of the possibility that a work like this enables on research area. Thematic maps with contour lines, medium flood recorded, for environmental conservation area bordering the river and the map of the regions where the extreme event of 41 hit, are available for free use.
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Petersson, Lantz Robert, and Andreas Alvarsson. "Creating access control maps and defining a security policy for a healthcare communication system." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121131.
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This report handles the creation of an access control map and the dening of asecurity policy for a healthcare communication system. An access control mapis a graphical way to describe the access controls of the subjects and objects ina system. We use a three step method to produce a graphical overview of theparts in the system, the interactions between them and the permissions of thesubjects. Regarding the security policy we create a read up and read down policylike the so called Ring policy, but adapt a write sideways approach. We alsoapply a mandatory access control which has a centralized authority that denesthe permissions of the subjects. Attribute restrictions is also included to thesecurity levels, to set an under limit for reading permissions.
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Ročková, Kateřina. "Role a působnost interního auditu v nadnárodních společnostech." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75375.
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This Diploma Thesis is about Internal Audit in Multinational Corporations in Energy Industry. The goal of this Diploma Thesis is to introduce Internal Audit in chosen Multinational Corporations. In each company is introduced emplacement of Internal Audit, process of Internal Audit and planning process of Internal Audit. Diploma Thesis also explores corrective actions, follow-up audits and fraud prevention program.
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Baladová, Vendula. "Zaměření fary a přilehlých hospodářských stavení v Čučicích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390201.
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The diploma thesis deals with measurement of the interior of a parish building and its close surroundings in Čučice. Necessary steps for creating the thematic map and the building documentation are described in this thesis. First the preparatory work was made, which means that ground reconnaissance was made and required equipment and tools were chosen. In the next part the measurements, which include the construction of an auxiliary measuring network, the measurement of the detailed and control points, are described. After the measurement work, the office work followed, the coordinates and the heights of the auxiliary and detailed points were specified. The accuracy of the map according to ČSN 01 3410 was tested. Finally a thematic map in scale 1: 500 and the building drawings in scale 1:50: 1st floor plan, 2nd floor plan, longitudinal and cross-section were created.
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Rahman, Naseef. "International Students’ Perception of Risk and Safety when Travelling : Case Study on students of Dalarna University, Borlange, Sweden." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Turismvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28877.
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International students are becoming a more and more attractive group for tourism agencies, and for those responsible for regional development, some study is warranted to explore how one may effectively recognize their preferences, wants, needs, and constraints to draw their attention towards the destination or to experience tourism firm’s offerings specially in this research about their perception about risk, safety and security during their travelling. Perception of risk, safety and security of a tourist destination may create a broader platform of preferences, and associated constraints. Perceived risk is defined as a consumer’s perception of the overall negativity of a course of action based upon an assessment of the possible negative outcomes and the likelihood that those outcomes will occur. Tourism, exclusively international tourism, is highly delicate to safety and security issues. It is one of the enterprise most exposed to changes in the world stage that may produce alteration in tourist behavior. A clearer perceptive of the traveler’s decision-making process and the role of intervening variables are compulsory, notably respecting travel inhibitors, such as risk perception, to assist develop enhanced destination development or recovery strategies. Constructing conditions for tourists to feel safe before and during the trip may be demanding to the success of a destination competing internationally. The current study attempts to fill a gap by exploring risk perceptions of individual international students who engaged in tourism and try to explore the concerned safety measure among them. The findings revealed that the most common risk perception and endeavors were transportation, fraudulent behavior of locals towards tourists, losing valuables, health issues and sexual harassment. However, the international students with experience with travelling themselves gave the safety and security precautions needed to minimize these risks. The safety and security features involve avoiding informal sectors, taking care of personal belongings, being always cautious about the situation happening around, educating themselves about the destination they are visiting, proper health care and proper authority to report any mishaps. After this research it could be understood that international student tourist is concerned about their safety and they would improve the situation of risk they perceive if given the chance to.
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Kuusisto, S. (Sanna). "Effects of heavy alcohol intake on lipoproteins, adiponectin and cardiovascular risk." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526206264.
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Abstract The effect of alcohol intake on the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is controversial, especially with respect to heavy alcohol intake. The pathobiology behind atherosclerosis is a complex and multiparametric phenomenon, therefore a self-organizing map (SOM), an unsupervised learning based artificial neural network technique, was applied in the present work. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of heavy alcohol intake on the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, including several lipoproteins and adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived cytokine that may ameliorate atherosclerosis. Firstly, the effect of heavy alcohol intake on the capacity of HDL and its subclasses (HDL2 and HDL3) to mediate cholesterol efflux from macrophages was studied. Secondly, data of ultracentrifugally isolated lipoproteins were fed into SOM analysis to investigate whether this method can find diverse lipoprotein phenotypes from the heterogeneous lipoprotein data. Thirdly, the aforementioned method was applied to multivariate data of alcohol drinkers to study whether distinct metabolic profiles are associated to heavy alcohol consumption. The results revealed that HDL2, not HDL3, of heavy alcohol drinkers had an enhanced capacity to remove cholesterol from macrophages when compared with control persons. SOM analysis enhanced the ultracentrifugally based lipoprotein data and depicted several novel lipoprotein phenotypes. In addition, lipoprotein-based SOM analysis found two distinct metabolic profiles in heavy alcohol drinkers: an anti-atherogenic and a metabolic syndrome-like profile with opposite metabolic features, such as characteristics of lipoproteins, plasma concentration of adiponectin and prevalence of metabolic syndrome. These profiles also tended to differ in their CV risk. In conclusion, the enhanced cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL2 in heavy drinkers is an anti-atherogenic change linked to alcohol drinking. However, clinically it may be important to be aware that although heavy alcohol drinkers have a low LDL-C level, they differ in their other lipoprotein measures, forming distinct phenotypes with potentially different CV risks. Finally, SOM analysis of ultracentrifugally based lipoprotein data generates in silico classification of lipoprotein particles and thereby offers a new tool for lipoprotein researchTiivistelmä Alkoholinkäytön vaikutus ateroskleroottisen sydän- ja verisuonitaudin patofysiologiaan on kiistanalainen, etenkin runsaan alkoholinkäytön kohdalla. Koska patobiologia ateroskleroosin taustalla on monimutkainen ilmiö, tässä työssä sovellettiin menetelmänä itseorganisoituvaa karttaa, joka on ohjaamattomaan oppimiseen perustuva neuroverkkomalli. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää runsaan alkoholinkäytön vaikutusta ateroskleroosin patofysiologisiin merkkiaineisiin, mukaan lukien useita lipoproteiineja sekä adiponektiini, rasvasoluperäinen sytokiini, joka voi lievittää ateroskleroosia. Ensimmäisessä osatyössä tutkittiin runsaan alkoholinkäytön vaikutusta HDL:n ja sen alafraktioiden (HDL2 ja HDL3) kykyyn poistaa kolesterolia makrofageista. Toisessa osatyössä ultrasentrifuugaukseen perustuva lipoproteiiniaineisto syötettiin itseorganisoituvaan karttaan. Työssä selvitettiin löytäisikö menetelmä erilaisia lipoproteiinifenotyyppejä heterogeenisestä aineistosta. Kolmannessa osatyössä em. menetelmää sovellettiin monimuuttuja-aineistoon, joka koostui runsaasti alkoholia käyttävistä ja verrokeista. Tutkittiin, liittyykö runsaaseen alkoholinkäyttöön erilaisia metabolisia profiileja. Tulokset osoittivat, että suurkuluttajien HDL2-hiukkasen kolesterolinpoistokyky makrofageista oli suurempi kuin verrokeilla. Itseorganisoituvaan karttaan perustuva lipoproteiinien luokittelumenetelmä löysi useita uusia lipoproteiinifenotyyppejä. Lisäksi, em. menetelmä löysi suurkuluttajilta kaksi erilaista metabolista profiilia: anti-aterogeeninen ja metabolisen syndrooman kaltainen. Näillä oli vastakkaiset metaboliset piirteet, kuten lipoproteiinien ominaisuudet, adiponektiinin pitoisuus plasmassa ja metabolisen syndrooman esiintyvyys. Profiileihin liittyi mahdollisesti myös erilainen sydän- ja verisuonitautiriski. Tutkimus osoittaa, että alkoholin suurkuluttajilla havaittu parempi HDL2:n kyky poistaa kolesterolia soluista on anti-aterogeeninen muutos, joka liittyy alkoholin käyttöön. Kliinisesti voi olla merkittävää, että vaikka alkoholin suurkuluttajilla oli pieni LDL-C pitoisuus, he jakaantuivat muiden lipoproteiiniperäisten muuttujien perusteella kahteen eri fenotyyppiryhmään, joihin liittyi erilainen sydäntautiriski. Lisäksi itseorganisoituva kartta loi ultrasentrifugoinnilla eristetyille lipoproteiineille in silico -luokittelun, joten se tarjoaa uuden työkalun lipoproteiinitutkimukseen
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Can, Özberk Bahattin. "Mapping the Flow of Theft Endangered Goods in EU." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20082.
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Every country in world has opportunities for different type of productions and this leads compensation. According to this, International Trade has become very important in all countries worldwide for ages; it helps the developing of the country and contributes more convenient area for the citizens. It is because nations have to live with trading. In this manner, many agreements are signed to get efficient merchandising because international trade contains many risks like intervention, political, non-acceptance, credit, war and also uncontrollable events. European Union can be considered as an agreement since its fundamental principal is free movement of people and goods.Increasing of movement of these goods around the European Union is seen as “easy pickings” by crime groups and nowadays society is facing with this criminal behavior. That motivation causes many problems for supply chain and logistics. Transportation systems are being tried to adjust as more secured while opportunity to thefts attacks to goods are rising.The complexity of this problem is tried to be solved by good reporting of incidents, pointing out the hot spots or the hot products which are related to EU. It is obvious that there is lack of good reporting or coordinating.According to this thesis a lot of work can be done in order to get brief look for the theft endangered goods which are on road and dangerous zones for theft attacks at EU. This thesis will map out specific countries, cities and positions that are particularly exposed to theft attacks. (For example, Schiphol Airport is chosen as the hottest spot and its hottest products are electronic and music devices while many reports and statistical works are being observed.)
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Fasesin, Kingsley, Ingrid Luffman, Eileen Ernenwein, and Arpita Nandi. "Improving Sinkhole Mapping Using LiDAR Data and Assessing Road Infrastructure at Risk in Johnson City, TN." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/30.
Full textAbstract:
Improving Sinkhole Mapping Using LiDAR Data and Assessing Road Infrastructure at Risk in Johnson City, TN.
Kingsley Fasesin1, Dr. Ingrid Luffman 1, Dr. Eileen Ernenwein 1 and Dr. Arpita Nandi1
1 Department of Geosciences, College of Arts and Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN;
Abstract
Predicting infrastructure damage and economic impact of sinkholes along roadways requires mapping of sinkhole distribution and development of a model to predict future occurrences with high accuracy. The study is carried out to define the distribution of sinkholes in Johnson City, TN and risks they pose to roads in the city. The study made use of a 2.5 ft Digital Elevation Model (DEM) derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data acquired from Tennessee Geospatial clearing house (TNGIS) and an inventory of known sinkholes identified from topographic maps. Depressions were identified using the LiDAR-derived DEM by subtracting a filled-depressions DEM from the original study area DEM. Using a spatial join, mapped sinkholes were matched to depression polygons identified from the LiDAR-derived DEM. For all matched sinkhole-polygon pairs, three indices were calculated: circularity index, area ratio of minimum bounding rectangle, and proximity to train tracks and roads. The dataset was partitioned into training (70%) and validation (30%) subsets, and using the training dataset, thresholds for each index were selected using typical values for known sinkholes. These rules were calibrated using the 30% validation subset, and applied as filters to the remaining unmatched depression polygons to identify likely sinkholes. A portion of these suspected sinkholes were field checked. The future direction of this research is to generate a sinkhole formation model for the study area by examining the relationship between the mapped sinkhole distribution, and previously identified sinkhole formation risk factors. These factors include: proximity to fault lines, groundwater and streams; depth to bedrock; and soil and land cover type. Spatial Logistic Regression analysis will be used for model development, and results will be used to generate a sinkhole susceptibility map which will be overlain on the road network to identify the portions of interstate and state highways at risk of sinkhole destruction.
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LIBRACE, GIOVANNI. "La gestione dei rischi d'impresa nelle operazioni di finanza straordinaria." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/268.
Full textAbstract:
La presente tesi di dottorato affronta il tema della gestione dei rischi che ha assunto sempre maggiore importanza nella vita dell'impresa. E'importante per tutti gli stakeholder, dai dipendenti agli azionisti, comprendere quale sia il trade - off tra rischio e rendimento potenziale poiché la mancata identificazione dei rischi e la loro non corretta gestione può compromettere la capacità dell'impresa di raggiungere i propri obiettivi.
Dopo aver introdotto il concetto di rischio, la tesi si sofferma sul modello dell'Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) e sui benefici associati al suo utilizzo. In particolare l'attenzione viene posta sull'importanza, all'atto di un'operazione di natura straordinaria, quale un'acquisizione o la quotazione su mercati regolamentati, della valutazione dei rischi e delle risposte che l'organizzazione pone in essere. Viene illustrato il processo di due diligence e, in particolare, la due diligence assicurativa e di risk management viene indicata quale valido strumento per comprendere quali siano i rischi a cui un'impresa è esposta e come essa li gestisca. In conclusione, vengono descritte alcune soluzioni (i.e. assicurazione delle representation & warranty, assicurazione della responsabilità da prospetto informativo, assicurazioni ambientali) utilizzabili dall'impresa, durante una transazione, per mitigare il proprio profilo di rischio trasferendo particolari rischi a mercati assicurativi specializzati.This thesis outlines the importance that risk management is getting in the life of organizations. Stakeholders, ranging from employees to investors, must understand how to quantify the tradeoffs of risk against the potential return, because the failure to identify and manage the essential nature of risk can have consequences on the possibility for an organization to achieve its objectives. After introducing the concept of risk, it is analyzed the Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) approach and the benefits for companies that decide to adopt it. In particular there is a focus on its importance in some circumstances in the life of an organization and it is shown how evaluation of risk profile and responses can be critical in mergers and acquisitions, public offer of securities and other corporate finance decisions. Due diligence process and, in particular, risk management and insurance due diligence is described as an effective instrument to understand to what risks a company is exposed to and how it manages them. In conclusion, some transaction solutions (i.e. representations & warranties insurance, public offering of securities insurance, environmental solutions) - that can be used to mitigate the company risk profile, transferring some risks to specialized insurance markets - are illustrated.
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Deprá, Gilberto Toniolo. "TAXOCENOSE DAS AVES DA MICROBACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DAS NASCENTES DO RIO IBICUÍ MIRIM /RS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9520.
Full textAbstract:
This work was carried out in the micro basin of the headwaters of the Ibicuí Mirim river, until the Saturnino de Brito dam, and aimed to establish relationships between avifauna with different habitats in the area, using as tool the System of Geographic Information (SIG), with the purpose of evaluating the similarity of bird species in an environment with the same phytogeographic characteristics,
its abundance and wealth. In this way thematic maps of land use were created and analysis performed on the physiognomy of micro basin giving support to make it possible to characterize it as the kind of environments, showing therefore that the area of 8695.20 hectares, is divided into four different habitats : area of fields (20.61% of the area), swamp area (3.72% of the area), forest area (18.25% of the area), and area of agriculture (57.42% of the area), characterizing an intense human action on the environment. The linear transects of them showed similar physiognomic characteristics in birds and found results after the total effort of 672 hours of collections, recording 4828 individuals belonging to 163
species (51 families). Of these, ten are migratory species and one is errant (Egretta caerulea), for the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The most representative order was Passeriformes with 19 families and 80 species. Among the families that represented a greater number of species was the Tyrannidae with nineteen species followed the families Emberizidae, with 12 species and Icteridae, with 8 species, all of the order Passeriformes. The largest number of individuals occurred in the following species: Zenaida auriculata, Patagioenas picazuro, Zonotrichia capensis and Vanellus chilensis. Ahead of the problems caused to the species of birds, the production model employed in the of microbasin, which provides a reduction in diversity and loss of natural potentialities, more deepened studies on issues related to the use and occupancy of land and conflict areas, like the monitoring of social, economic and environmental impacts of agricultural forestry and grazing activities should be made in order to assist the planning and organization of activities on farms, indicating the areas that should be preserved and not used for production purposes, making the operation the land economically viable, socially
fair and environmentally correct.Este trabalho foi realizado na microbacia hidrográfica das nascentes do rio Ibicuí Mirim, até a barragem Saturnino de Brito, e objetivou estabelecer relações entre a avifauna com os diferentes habitats presentes na área, usando como ferramenta o Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG), com a finalidade de avaliar a similaridade das espécies de aves em ambiente com mesmas características fitogeográficas, sua abundância e riqueza. Dessa maneira criaram-se mapas temáticos de uso da terra e a analise realizada sobre a fisionomia da microbacia deu sustentação para que fosse possível caracterizá-la conforme os tipo de ambientes, mostrando portanto, que a área de 8.695,20 hectares, está dividida em quatro diferentes habitats : área de Campo (20,61% da área), área Palustre(3,72% da área), área de Mata (18,25% da área), e área de agricultura (57,42% da área), caracterizando uma intensa ação antrópica sobre o meio.Os transectos lineares de mesmas características fisionômicas mostraram-se similares quanto a avifauna encontrada e como resultados do esforço total de 672 horas de coletas, foram registrados 4.828 indivíduos pertencentes a 163 espécies (51 famílias). Desse total, dez são migratórias e uma espécie é vagante (Egretta caerulea), para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sendo que a ordem mais representativa foi a Passeriformes com 19 famílias e 80 espécies. Dentre as famílias a que ocorreu um maior número de espécies foi a Tyrannidae com dezenove espécies seguida das famílias Emberizidae, com12 espécies e Icteridae, com 8 espécies, todos da ordem Passeriformes. Os maiores números de indivíduos ocorreram nas seguintes espécies: Zenaida auriculata, Patagioenas picazuro, Zonotrichia capensis e o Vanellus chilensis. Diante dos problemas causados às espécies de aves, pelas modelo produtivo empregado na região da microbacia, as quais proporcionam a redução da diversidade e perda de potencialidades naturais, estudos mais aprofundados sobre os temas relacionados ao uso e ocupação da terra e áreas de conflitos, bem como o monitoramento dos impactos sociais, econômicos e ambientais das atividades agrosilvipastoris, deverão ser realizados, a fim de auxiliarem no planejamento e na organização das atividades nas propriedades rurais, indicando as áreas que devem ser preservadas e não utilizadas para fins produtivos , tornando a exploração da terra economicamente viável, socialmente justa e ambientalmente correta.
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Schumacher, Ulrich. "Historic Maps promote recent Flood Risk Research – the Case of the Upper Elbe River." International Cartographic Association, 2005. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A3298.
Full textAbstract:
At the Leibniz Institute of Ecological and Regional Development (IOER) in Dresden scientists work to investigate landscape dynamics and their cumulative environmental effects. Historic flood maps are important sources of information when evaluating past floods and making comparison with more recent ones. There exist two maps documenting historic Elbe floods in Saxony in 1845 and 1890, and their contents have been analysed and compared with recent flood data of 2002. This paper will discuss both the specific characteristics of such unique historic maps and the problems of their incorporation into the GIS workflow, including the derivation of land use from the maps and its verification. Geodata overlay of various flood events allows statements to be made about the development of flood risk in spatially differentiated areas. This valuable geodata has been placed on the internet for access by the public, planners and researchers.:1. Introduction
2. Historic Flood Events
3. Maps of Historic Flood Events
4. Digital Processing of Historic Maps
5. Results and Conclusions of GIS Analysis
6. Interactive Map Presentation
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Chaloupka, Roman. "Vyhotovení mapových podkladů areálu Metra v Blansku - severní část." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400159.
Full textAbstract:
The diploma thesis deals with the creation of map bases in the northern part of the Metra areal in Blansko in the form of a thematic map in a scale 1:250. Descriptive information for each element has been added to the map. The thesis describes in detail the process of creating a measuring network, detailed survey, calculations, testing accuracy and creation of a thematic map including descriptive information.
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Schumacher, Ulrich. "Historic Maps promote recent Flood Risk Research – the Case of the Upper Elbe River." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-115614.
Full textAbstract:
At the Leibniz Institute of Ecological and Regional Development (IOER) in Dresden scientists work to investigate landscape dynamics and their cumulative environmental effects. Historic flood maps are important sources of information when evaluating past floods and making comparison with more recent ones. There exist two maps documenting historic Elbe floods in Saxony in 1845 and 1890, and their contents have been analysed and compared with recent flood data of 2002. This paper will discuss both the specific characteristics of such unique historic maps and the problems of their incorporation into the GIS workflow, including the derivation of land use from the maps and its verification. Geodata overlay of various flood events allows statements to be made about the development of flood risk in spatially differentiated areas. This valuable geodata has been placed on the internet for access by the public, planners and researchers.
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Mafra, Ana Carolina Cintra Nunes 1982. "Modelagem multinomial para a distribuição espacial do risco epidemiológico." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311750.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Ricardo Carlos CordeiroTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T15:08:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mafra_AnaCarolinaCintraNunes_D.pdf: 19877794 bytes, checksum: a74a4b2bf9bccffacddd691b458d1fd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: A busca em compreender determinados fenômenos epidemiológicos muitas vezes envolve uma ferramenta denominada análise espacial do risco. O estudo do espaço em que ocorrem determinados desfechos permite ao pesquisador considerar informações não coletadas através de questionários ou prontuários médicos. Também insere questões sobre o que faz com que determinada área dentro da região de estudo se associe com maior risco ou proteção para o desfecho estudado. Existem muitos métodos para obter análises espaciais do risco, como os modelos aditivos generalizados, que permitem incluir nestas análises outras informações de interesse dos indivíduos estudados. Porém, atualmente, os estudos epidemiológicos que consideram a distribuição espacial do risco são analisados apenas com desfechos dicotômicos como, por exemplo, quando se classifica o indivíduo em doente ou não-doente. Esta é uma limitação que este trabalho visa superar ao apresentar um processo analítico da distribuição espacial do risco quando se tem uma variável resposta multinomial. Além de apresentar esta nova ferramenta, este trabalho analisou dois desfechos epidemiológicos: o primeiro é proveniente de um estudo caso-controle sobre acidentes de trabalhado na cidade de Piracicaba em que a resposta foi: casos graves, casos leves ou controles; outra ilustração provém de um estudo transversal sobre criadouros de mosquitos no Distrito Sul de Campinas, onde se encontrou muitos criadouros, poucos criadouros ou nenhum criadouro. Primeiramente, faz-se necessária uma discussão sobre a adequação de cada modelo multinomial a alguns estudos epidemiológicos. Também se discute a escolha de um entre diversos modelos multinomiais e apresenta-se a maneira de interpretar os resultados da análise. Para tornar este método acessível a outros pesquisadores, são apresentadas funções computacionais para o processo analítico
Abstract: The search for understanding some epidemiological phenomena often involves an tool called spatial analysis of risk. The study of space in which certain outcomes occur allows the researcher to consider information that can not be collected through questionnaires or medical records. It also puts questions about what makes a certain area within the study region was associated with greater risk or protection for the outcome studied. Many techniques are used for this kind of study as the generalized additive models that fit the spatial analysis of the risk with others informations of interest. But now, epidemiological studies that consider the spatial distribution of risk are analyzed only with dichotomous outcomes, such as when it classifies the individual in case or control. This is a limitation that this study aims to overcome when presenting an analytical process of the spatial distribution of risk when you have a multinomial response variable. In addition to presenting this new tool, this study analyzed two outcomes: first, from a case-control study of precarious workers in the city of Piracicaba in which the response was: severe cases, mild cases or controls. Another illustration comes from a cross-sectional study on mosquito breeding sites in the Southern District of Campinas, where we met many breeding sites, few or no breeding sites. First, it is necessary a discussion on the appropriateness of each multinomial model to some epidemiological studies. It also discusses the choice of one among several multinomial models and shows the way to interpret the results of the analysis. We present the computational functions for the analytical process to make this method accessible to other researchers
Doutorado
Epidemiologia
Doutor em Saude Coletiva
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Schulz, Thomas. "Der Statistische Atlas." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-154264.
Full textAbstract:
Seit über 150 Jahren erscheinen in den statistischen Institutionen thematische Atlanten – bis heute über 2500 Werke. Als «Reiseführer» durch Gesellschaften erzählen sie spannende und vielfältige Geschichten über den Staat, die Menschen und deren Zusammenleben. Gerade im Kontext der Informationsgesellschaft nehmen solche Atlaswerke wieder sprunghaft zu und sprechen dabei ein außerordentlich breites Nutzerspektrum aus allen Berufskreisen an.
Ziel der vorliegenden Dissertation war es, durch theoretische und empirische Methoden das Wesen, die geschichtliche Entwicklung und die prägenden Merkmale des «Statistischen Atlas» eingehend zu untersuchen und damit Forschungslücken in der Thematischen Kartographie, der Atlaskartographie und der Statistik zu schließen. Mit Hilfe einer neu entwickelten Definition sowie einer aktuellen Atlasklassifikation können statistische Atlanten eindeutig bestimmt und von verwandten Atlastypen – etwa dem National-, dem Regional- oder dem Planungsatlas – im Hinblick auf die korrekte Einordnung in Bibliographien und Atlassammlungen abgegrenzt werden.
Weiterhin sind die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse für die Herausgeber neuer Atlaswerke und Atlasplattformen von großem Nutzen. Sie können in der Praxis als redaktionelle Grundlagen im Sinne eines Leitfadens zur erfolgreichen Produktion neuer, nutzergerechter Atlanten eingesetzt werden. Im beigefügten Atlasverzeichnis sind zudem 735 statistische Atlanten mit bibliographischen Angaben dargestellt.
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Hřib, Dalibor. "Vizualizace rizik v managementu projektů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236490.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this master's thesis is to present risk management and methods used in risk management. The thesis is based on the ATOM methodology, which was developed for practical risk management. The thesis is focused on methods of the visualization that should present risks at IT projects with an intuitive and understandable form. It also concerns with different options of the visualization and their use at risk management. The visualization could be like a table, a graph, or another form. The thesis also contains requirements specification for risk visualization application created due to found information. The design and implementation of the project management risk visualization application is based on requirements specification. The benefits of the thesis and possible extensions are proposed at the end.
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Liu, Chunde. "Creation of hot summer years and evaluation of overheating risk at a high spatial resolution under a changing climate." Thesis, University of Bath, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.725405.
Full textAbstract:
It is believed that the extremely hot European summer in 2003, where tens of thousands died in buildings, will become the norm by the 2040s, and hence there is the urgent need to accurately assess the risk that buildings pose. Thermal simulations based on warmer than typical years will be key to this. Unfortunately, the existing warmer than typical years, such as probabilistic Design Summer Years (pDSYs) are not robust measures due to their simple selection method, and can even be cooler than typical years. This study developed two new summer reference years: one (pHSY-1) is suitable for assessing the occurrence and severity of overheating while the other (pHSY-2) is appropriate for evaluating the thermal stress. Both have been proven to be more robust than the pDSYs. In addition, this study investigated the spatial variation in overheating driven by variability in building characteristics and the local environment. This variation had been ignored by previous studies, as most of them either created thermal models using building archetypes with little or no concern about the influence of local shading, or assumed little variation in climate across a landscape. For the first time, approximately a thousand more accurate thermal models were created for a UK city based on the remote measurement including building characteristics and their local shading. By producing overheating and mortality maps this study found that spatial variation in the risk of overheating was considerably higher due to the variability of vernacular forms, contexts and climates than previously thought, and that the heat-related mortality will be tripled by the 2050s if no building and human thermal adaptations are taken. Such maps would be useful to Governments when making cost-effective adaptation strategies against a warming climate.
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Kangöz, Sara-Gül, and Irma Hellman. "Litet fokus på risker med covid-19 : Studenters upplevelse av lokal riskkommunikation." Thesis, Jönköping University, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-51825.
Full textAbstract:
Studiens ämne handlar om förståelsen av risk under en hälsokris utifrån lokal riskkommunikation. Covid-19-pandemin utgör en stor hälsorisk för människor över hela världen. Tidigare forskning visar att riskkommunikation behöver nå och påverka människor så att de kan skydda sig själva mot de pågående riskerna. Därför är det viktigt att studera hur människor uppfattat riskerna med covid-19 från deras lokala kommunikatörer. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur studenter på eftergymnasial nivå i Jönköpings kommun förstod riskerna med covid-19 och avsåg att agera utifrån sin riskförståelse, utifrån Jönköpings kommuns riskkommunikation under våren 2020. Den specifika perioden som studeras är mellan 15 mars och 19 juni 2020. För att uppnå studiens syfte har fyra fokusgruppsintervjuer med studenter på eftergymnasial nivå i Jönköpings kommun genomförts och analyserats med en teoribaserad tematisk metod. Det teoretiska ramverket som använts för den tematiska analysen består av Uses and Gratifications Theory, Protection Motivation Theory och Theory of Planned Behavior. Resultaten av studien visar att studenterna uppfattade riskerna med covid-19 som allvarliga, men att de inte haft avsikten att fullt ut ändra sina beteenden för att undvika riskerna. Deras riskförståelse berodde däremot inte på kommunikation från Jönköpings kommun, eftersom få av studenterna hade tagit del av deras kommunikation under våren 2020. Istället hade de använt källor som Folkhälsomyndigheten och nyhetssidor. Dessutom upplevde studenterna kommunikationen från kommunen som oseriös och bristfällig gällande viktig information. Resultaten visar att studenterna upplevde Jönköpings kommuns kommunikation om beteendeförändringar för att undvika risker som vag och svår att förstå, vilket inte bidrog till deras avsikt att ändra beteendeThe subject matter of this study is risk perception during a health crisis based on local risk communication. The covid-19-pandemic is a mayor health crisis for citizens all over the world. Prior science has shown that risk communication needs to reach and affect citizens so they can protect themselves from the ongoing risks. Therefore, it is important to study how citizens have perceived the risks of covid-19 from their local communicators. The purpose of this study is to examine how students on a post-gymnasium level in Jönköping municipality understood the risks of covid-19 and intended to act upon their perception of the risks based on the risk communication from Jönköping municipality, during the spring of 2020. The specific period examined is between the 15th of March and the 19th of June 2020. In order to achieve the aim, four focus group interviews with students on a post-gymnasium level in Jönköping have been conducted and analyzed through theoretically based thematic analysis. The theoretical framework used for the analysis of the focus group interviews consists of the Uses and Gratifications Theory, Protection Motivation Theory and Theory of Planned Behavior. The results of the study show that the students perceived the risks of covid-19 as severe, but that they did not intend to fully change their behavior in order to avoid the risks. However, their risk perception was not based on the communication from Jönköping municipality since very few of them had seen their communication during the spring of 2020. Instead, they used sources like the national health authority and news channels. Additionally, the students found the communication from the municipality to be too lighthearted and lacking in vital information. The results show that the students found the municipality’s’ communication about behavioral change as vague and difficult to understand, which didn’t have an impact on their intention to behavioral change.
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Shoji, Shino. "Fatores de riscos ocupacionais e agravos à saúde dos trabalhadores de enfermagem de uma unidade ambulatorial especializada." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9060.
Full textAbstract:
O objeto deste estudo trata do impacto do ambiente de trabalho no processo de saúde-doença dos trabalhadores de enfermagem de uma unidade ambulatorial especializada da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os objetivos foram: identificar os riscos ocupacionais no ambiente laboral dos trabalhadores de enfermagem da unidade em estudo; descrever a percepção do trabalhador de enfermagem sobre os impactos dos riscos ocupacionais em sua saúde; analisar o ambiente laboral destes trabalhadores com vistas à identificação de fatores de riscos que interferem negativamente na saúde; propor medidas de prevenção para minimização de impactos negativos na saúde dos mesmos, com destaque para a elaboração do Mapa de Riscos. Como suporte teórico, foram abordados conceitos e pressupostos relacionados às doenças do trabalho e sua relação com riscos ocupacionais, contextualizando-os com a configuração do mundo do trabalho em saúde, sua organização e processo laboral, assim como as vivências de prazer e sofrimento que podem alterar a saúde dos trabalhadores. Pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, de natureza qualitativa. Os sujeitos foram 40 trabalhadores de enfermagem, incluindo enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem. Os instrumentos de coleta foram a entrevista semiestruturada e a observação não participante, aplicados entre março/abril e junho/setembro de 2011, respectivamente. E cruzando as informações coletadas a partir dos dois instrumentos, buscou-se captar dados que possibilitasse a elaboração do Mapa de Risco dos setores com mais problemas em termos de deixar vulnerável a saúde dos trabalhadores, sendo elaborado Mapa de Risco da UCAMB e da CME. Enfatiza-se que houve assinatura prévia do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido e que a pesquisa foi aprovada pelo comitê de ética do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto sob número de protocolo 2528. O método de análise escolhido foi do tipo: análise temática de conteúdo, o qual possibilitou o surgimento de três categorias: riscos ocupacionais visíveis e invisíveis para o trabalhador de enfermagem; o processo de adoecimento do trabalhador no e pelo trabalho; melhorias das condições de trabalho: contribuições para proteção da saúde dos trabalhadores. Os resultados evidenciaram que o risco mais freqüentemente revelado foi de acidente, principalmente por materiais perfurocortantes, seguidos de exposição aos riscos biológicos. Porém, houve sujeitos que não perceberam a presença dos riscos ou reduziam a gravidade dos mesmos para o processo saúde-doença. As repercussões dos riscos ocupacionais no corpo dos trabalhadores foram identificadas como: estresse, varizes e distúrbios osteomusculares. Algumas sugestões elaboradas pelos sujeitos para a melhoria das condições de trabalho foram: realização de reformas estruturais, modernização dos equipamentos, incremento quantitativo dos recursos humanos, melhoria na organização do trabalho, implementação de um Núcleo da Saúde do Trabalhador. Considera-se que os objetivos deste estudo foram atingidos, no entanto, existe a clareza de que há muito a ser pesquisado sobre riscos ocupacionais e suas repercussões nos trabalhadores, assim como as intervenções necessárias para a prevenção e promoção da saúde do trabalhador. Sugerem-se novas pesquisas, como também repensar nas estratégias de ensino de formação dos trabalhadores de enfermagem, e também se faz relevante a participação da categoria em movimentos sociais para a construção de políticas públicas nesta área.The investigation object of this study approaches the impact of workplace at nursing worker's health at a specialized ambulatory unit in Rio de Janeiro city. The objectives were: to identify occupational hazard at the workplace of nursing workers in such study site; to describe nurses perception about impacts of occupational hazards in their health; to analyze their workplace in order to identify risk factors which negatively interfere in health; to propose prevention measures in order to minimize negative impacts in their health, highlighting the elaboration of a Risk Map. As theoretical support concepts and conjectures were approached related to labor disease and its relation to the occupational hazards, contextualizing them with the configuration at the universe of health work, its organization and the labour process, as well as experiences of pleasure and suffering that can alter workers health conditions. The study was supported by Taylors current labor concepts, seeking to understand transformations that occurred at the work process, as well as experiences such as suffering-pleasure generated at work. It is a descriptive-exploratory research type, qualitative nature, developed at PPC, after approval from Ethics Committee. The subjects were 40 nursing professionals, including nurses, technicians and aid nurses. Sample tools were semi-structured interviews and non participant observation, applied between march/april and june/september, 2011 respectively. And crossing information sampled from two tools, in order to obtain data it turned possible the elaboration of the Risk Map from the part of sectors concentrating more problems in terms of letting vulnerable workers' health, and it has elaborated UCAMB and CME Risk Map. It's important to highlight that there was previous signature from the Informed Consent and this research has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Pedro Ernesto Hospital under protocol number 2528. The analysis method chosen was thematic content analysis, which has given rise to three categories: occupational hazards which are visible and invisible to the nursing worker; the process of disease in the worker because of work; improvement in working conditions: contributions in order to protect worker's health. Results have evidenced that the most frequently revealed risk was of accident, mainly by sharps injury material, followed by exposure to biological risks. However, there were subjects who didn't realize the presence of such risks because of misled view of ambulatory environment, by lack of critical view of work process and by bluntness of its critical and analysis ability due to excess of work. The repercussion of occupational hazards at the workers bodies were identified as stress, osteomuscular varicose veins disorders. Workers have pointed out some suggestions in terms of working conditions improvement, namely: accomplishment of new structure reformation, equipment update, quantitative human resources improvement, working organization improvement, implementation of Worker's Health Center. We consider that the objectives of this study were properly achieved, however, its clear that there is much more to be investigated concerning to occupational hazards and its repercussion on workers, as well as necessary intervention to prevent and promote workers health. It's also necessary a continuous investment on the development of scientific activities must be highlighted, once its important to have positive paradigmatic changes in nursery research. New researches can be suggested, as well as rethinking nursing formation teaching strategies, and it is also relevant to obtain participation from the part of the category into social actions towards the construction of public policies in this field.
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Malm, Lars, and Manne Sterner. "Att hitta fram till tillit : En studie av kartapplikationen i iPhone och användares tillit till denna." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kommunikation, medier och it, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-15324.
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Trust is a concept used throughout our daily lives. We give trust to friends, colleagues and strangers. We also give trust to the technical artifacts we use in our everyday lives. We must also rely on the services we use to work the way we expect them to. There is plenty of research on trust in e-commerce and online banking on website based platforms. What is missing is research on how we give trust to mobile map applications (and mobile applications in general), and how this trust, or lack of trust, affect our use of map applications in everyday life. We will also use a model of trust to see if we can get a deeper understanding of this trust.
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Castillejo, Luis Gladys Lissett, and Salinas Lizbeth Fiorella Espinoza. "Simulación de tsunami para la generación de mapas de inundación y daño en el distrito de Ancón." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2015. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/1267.
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El Perú es un país que se encuentra localizado en cinturón de fuego, zona donde ocurren el 90% de las actividades sísmicas del mundo, ocasionando pérdida de vidas humanas y pérdidas materiales, por lo que es necesario tomar las precauciones para salvaguardar el bienestar de la población que vive en estas zonas.
En Perú existen dos placas que se encuentran en la subsuelo del océano pacifico, la placa de nazca (oceánica) que ocupa una gran parte del océano pacifico y cuyo borde colisiona con la placa sudamericana (continental) originando un proceso de convergencia de la placa de Nazca por debajo de la Placa Sudamericana originando sismos pueden dar origen a tsunamis.
Este trabajo de investigación contempla la simulación de tsunamis de diferentes magnitudes históricas: 8.2 Mw (Lima –Callao 1940) y 8.5 Mw (Japon-2011) con las que se obtuvieron dos escenarios de tsunami de estudio para el distrito de Ancón.
Cuyo epicentro de sismo fue tomado en 11°32'7.65"S, 77°46'17.31"O a 70 km de la costa del Distrito de Ancón, del cual partimos los siguientes resultados: Tiempo de llegada de la primera ola para los dos escenarios, cálculo de la altura máxima de la ola empleando las formulas empíricas de Yamaguchi y Silgado. Obteniendo como resultado la probabilidad del daño con las curvas de fragilidad de Dichato y American Samoa esto en relación al tipo de material predominante de la zona de estudio.
Todos los resultados que se obtuvo con la plataforma S.I.G fueron representados en mapas y diagramas estadísticos.
De los cuales podemos decir que en el distrito de Ancón para los dos escenarios se obtuvieron resultados para poder planificar y mitigar los efectos que trae consigo un tsunami haciendo conocer el probable comportamiento del tsunami mostrando en los mapas cuales son las áreas que serán afectadas con los cuales se podrá tomar planes de contingencia.
Peru is a country that is located in the Ring of Fire, an area where 90% of the world's seismic activity occur, causing life's human and property losses, making it necessary to take precautions to safeguard the welfare of the people living in these areas. In Peru there are two plaques found in the subsoil of the Pacific Ocean, the Nazca plate (oceanic) that occupies a large part of the Pacific Ocean and whose edge collides with the South American plate (continental) causing a process of convergence of the Nazca plate under the South American plate, causing earthquakes that may give rise to tsunamis.
This research involves the simulation of tsunamis from different historical magnitudes: 8.2 Mw (Lima -Callao 1940) and 8.5 MW (Japan, 2011). We obtained two study tsunami scenarios for the district of Ancon.
The epicenter of the Earthquake was taken in 11°32'7.65"S, 77°46'17.31"W at 70 km from the coast district of Ancon, of these we assume the following results: Time of arrival of the first sea wave for the two scenarios, calculation of the max height of the sea wave using empirical formulas of Yamaguchi and Silgado. Obtaining as a result the likelihood of damage with the fragility's curves of Dichato and American Samoa in relation to this type of predominant material of the study area.
All the results obtained with the GIS platform , were represented in maps and statistical charts.
In the two scenarios of the district of Ancon were obtained results to plan and mitigate the effects that brings a tsunami, making known the likely behavior of the tsunami, this work shows the maps the areas that will be affected and these could have contingency plans.
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Galliard, Helen. "What are parents' experiences of caring for their children with epilepsy? : a qualitative systematic review and thematic synthesis ; and, Mothers' experiences of being told about the risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) for their child : an interpretative phenomenological analysis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31424.
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Background: Parents of children with epilepsy have been shown to have higher rates of depression, anxiety and stress in comparison to parents of children without epilepsy due to the impact of caring for a child with a chronic condition. A systematic review of existing literature aimed to identify qualitative research that examined parents' experiences of caring for their children with epilepsy. Methods: The systematic review explored the experiences that parents have in caring for their child with epilepsy. A search of electronic databases for qualitative literature was completed. The quality of all eligible articles papers was assessed, and findings from studies were synthesised. Results: Twelve studies met inclusion criteria for the review; findings suggest that parents need time to process their child's diagnosis of epilepsy; they cope with this in differing ways and are motivated to learn how to adapt and cope with parenting their child with epilepsy. Conclusions: Parents of children with epilepsy may experience symptoms of stress, this may motivate them to learn how best to care for their child. Empirical Paper Abstract Background: Parents' experiences of being told about sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) may be particularly challenging to cope with. As little is known about how mothers understand and make sense of SUDEP, a qualitative research project aimed to explore mothers' experiences. It was hoped this would be helpful for clinicians to understand in order to assist them in providing information to parents in a way that minimises distress. Methods: The empirical article explored mother's experiences of being told about SUDEP and the subsequent impact of this for 11 mothers of children with epilepsy. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis methodology was utilised, with themes derived from interpretation of interview transcripts, in order to describe the experiences of the participants. Results: Within the empirical study, five themes emerged. The way in which mothers found out about SUDEP seemed to have a link to their perception of risk and how they subsequently managed feelings of uncertainty and the psychological impact of knowing about SUDEP. Mothers' recommendations to clinicians included when, how and what to tell other parents, and were based on their own helpful and unhelpful experiences of being informed about SUDEP. Conclusions: In being told about SUDEP, mothers may struggle to make sense of it and this can be associated with an increase in anxiety. However, clinicians can reduce potential distress by carefully timing when and how they tell parents, and by making sure information is clear and relevant for the child in question.
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Fujihara, Alberto Kazutoshi. "Predição de erosão e capacidade de uso do solo numa microbacia do oeste paulista com suporte de geoprocessamento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11142/tde-12112002-141046/.
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O mapeamento do risco de erosão é uma ferramenta essencial para o planejamento de uso da terra. Este trabalho testa quatro modelos de predição do risco de erosão e capacidade de uso da terra: Risco de Erosão Natural, Risco de Erosão Simulado, Expectativa de Erosão e Capacidade de Uso da Terra. Esses modelos permitem diagnosticar as áreas potenciais e restritas ao uso agrícola em uma microbacia hidrográfica localizada na região do oeste paulista, utilizando recursos de geoprocessamento. O trabalho envolveu as seguintes etapas: i) caracterização da microbacia através de um banco de dados de atributos físicos construído com o auxílio de três sistemas de informações geográfica (SIG): Idrisi, Ilwis e ArcView; ii) elaboração dos mapas de risco de erosão gerados através dos três modelos derivados da Equação Universal de Perdas de Solo (EUPS) e da Capacidade de Uso da Terra; iii) validação do modelo de risco de erosão através da análise comparativa das erosões com os fatores erosivos e o grau de risco indicado pelo modelo. Foram definidos 33 setores para identificar e classificar as áreas mais críticas da microbacia. O risco de erosão foi analisado por 3 índices: de erosão natural (e), de erosão simulado (es) e expectativa de erosão (ee). Foi constatado que o índice de expectativa de erosão não é sensível a valores altos de potencial natural de erosão (PNE). Na microbacia há predomínio das classes de risco de erosão natural moderado a alto em 65,7% da área (3.649,2ha). Para condições simuladas de pastagem degradada, a área da microbacia que apresenta perda de solo em níveis toleráveis corresponde a 65,4% da área (3.634,6ha) para fator topográfico (LS) obtido pelo método das rampas e 83,1% (4.623,2ha) para o método automatizado. A estimativa de perda de solo média anual por setor variou de 7 a 40 toneladas por hectare para as condições simuladas e considerando-se os valores de LS do método automatizado. O uso com pastagem e reflorestamento é indicado como o mais adequado para 90,1% (5.022,7ha) da microbacia, segundo a classificação de Capacidade de Uso da Terra e 0,3% (16,0ha) da área total é recomendada para fins de preservação da vida silvestre. O modelo de risco de erosão simulado, utilizando valores de LS automatizado, foi o que apresentou a melhor correlação visual com os processos erosivos levantados na microbacia com equipamento GPS. As terras ocupadas com pastagem encontram-se em intenso estado de degradação devido a interação entre as condições naturais favoráveis e ao manejo inadequado. A ocorrência de erosões lineares (sulcos, ravinas e voçorocas) estão relacionadas ao caminhamento do gado e dimensionamento incorreto dos terraços, que intensificaram os efeitos erosivos da concentração do escoamento superficial. Os setores 28 e 12 foram os que apresentaram o nível mais crítico de risco de erosão. Os recursos de geoprocessamento, especificamente o SIG, foram importantes ferramentas de diagnóstico para o planejamento ambiental, simulando e analisando diversos cenários com agilidade.The mapping of the erosion risk is an essential tool for the planning of land use. This work tests four models to predict erosion risk and land use capacity: Natural Erosion Risk, Simulated Risk of Erosion, Erosion Expectation and Land Use Capability. These models allowed the mapping of potential and restricted areas for agricultural use in a watershed located in the west side of the State of São Paulo, using geoprocessing resources. The work involved the following phases: i) characterization of the watershed based on a database of physical attributes constructed with the aid of three geographic information systems (GIS): Idrisi, Ilwis and ArcView; II) elaboration of the maps of erosion risk based on three models derived from the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and the Capability of Land Use; III) validation of the model of erosion risk through the comparative analysis of the erosions with the erosion factors and the level indicated in the erosion risk model. Thirty three sectors were defined to identify and to classify the most critical areas in the watershed. The erosion risk was analyzed by 3 indexes: natural erosion risk (e), simulated erosion risk (es) and erosion expectation (ee). It was observed that the index of erosion expectation does not respond to high values of natural potential of erosion (PNE). In the watershed prevailed moderate to high categories of natural erosion risk in 65,7% of the area (3.649,2ha). For simulated conditions of degraded pasture, the area of the watershed that presents soil loss tolerance in tolerable levels corresponds 65,4% of the area (3.634,6ha) for topographical factor (LS) calculated by the manual method and 83,1% (4.623,2ha) for the automatic method (USLE-2D). The estimate of annual soil loss average for each sector varied from 7 to 40 tons per hectare on the simulated conditions and considering the LS-values of automatic method. Pasture and reforestation is the most indicated use suitable in 90.1% (5.022,7ha) of the watershed, according to the Capacity of Use of Land indicator, and 0,3% (16,0ha) of the total area are assigned to the preservation of the wildlife. The simulated erosion risk model, using automatized LS-values, presented the best visual correlation with the erosion processes surveyed on the field with GPS. The lands used with pasture present high degree of degradation due to the interaction of favorable natural conditions and inadequate management. The occurrence of linear erosions (rill and gully) is related to the cattle tracking and incorrect dimensioning of the terraces, that had intensified the erosive effect of the concentrated flow. Sectors 28 and 12 were the ones with the most critical level of erosion risk. The geoprocessing resources, specifically GIS proved to be an important tool to generate enviromentally adequate plans simulating and analyzing diferent scenarious with agility.
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Panozzo, Kimberly A. "A Validation of Nass Crop Data Layer in the Maumee River Watershed." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1470417001.
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