Academic literature on the topic 'Risk interdependencies'

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Journal articles on the topic "Risk interdependencies"

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WIRBA, E. N., J. H. M. TAH, and R. HOWES. "Risk interdependencies and natural language computations." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 3, no. 4 (1996): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb021034.

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Dawson, Richard. "Handling Interdependencies in Climate Change Risk Assessment." Climate 3, no. 4 (2015): 1079–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli3041079.

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Geeta, Ramanathan, and Krishna Prasanna. "Governance and risk interdependencies among family owned firms." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 2 (2016): 390–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i2clp7.

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The paper examines the role and impact of corporate governance mechanisms upon the operating risks of Indian listed firms. The recent global financial crisis was primarily attributed to excess risk–taking. This turmoil in the financial markets had a widespread effect on all industries and raised pertinent questions on the effectiveness of firm level governance practices. Impact of corporate governance practices, vide a constructed board governance index, has been examined on the risk taking behaviour of firms. Utilising a sample of 377 firms with yearly data for 6 years from 2006 to 2012, 2262
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Booth, Rupert. "Risk planning for interdependencies: from theory to practice." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer 165, no. 2 (2012): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/muen.11.00032.

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Karamoozian, Amirhossein, and Desheng Wu. "A hybrid risk prioritization approach in construction projects using failure mode and effective analysis." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 9 (2020): 2661–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-10-2019-0535.

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PurposeConstruction projects involve with various risks during all phases of project lifecycle. Failure mode and effective analysis (FMEA) is a useful tool for identifying and eliminating possible risk of failure modes (FMs) and improving the reliability and safety of systems in a broad range of industries. The traditional FMEA method applies risk priority number method (RPN) to calculate risk of FMs. RPN method cannot consider the direct and indirect interdependencies between the FMs and is not appropriate for complex system with numerous components. The purpose of this study is to propose an
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Tvaronavičius, Vytautas. "Riskiness and Interdependencies of Business Value Variables." Business: Theory and Practice 8, no. (3) (2007): 166–75. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2007.24.

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In business value calculations usualy great attention is given to the so-called discounted cash flows method. Here business risk estimation takes into account only the discount rate. This is a very general assumption, in which theoretically all possible and probable risks should be reflected. In modeling business value dynamics that is not enough, because all business risks have individual and changeable probabilities. Business risks used in business valuation are without adequate estimation of probabilities. Trying to achieve increased business value should be based on reaserches, in which by
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Sood, Meemansa, Ulrike Suenkel, Anna-Katharina von Thaler, et al. "Bayesian network modeling of risk and prodromal markers of Parkinson’s disease." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (2023): e0280609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280609.

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by a long prodromal phase with a multitude of markers indicating an increased PD risk prior to clinical diagnosis based on motor symptoms. Current PD prediction models do not consider interdependencies of single predictors, lack differentiation by subtypes of prodromal PD, and may be limited and potentially biased by confounding factors, unspecific assessment methods and restricted access to comprehensive marker data of prospective cohorts. We used prospective data of 18 established risk and prodromal markers of PD in 1178 healthy, PD-free individuals
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Rammerstorfer, Margarethe. "Risk Acceptance and Regulatory Risk." Competition and Regulation in Network Industries 10, no. 3 (2009): 235–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/178359170901000302.

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The current debate among policy makers, regulatory analysts, and industry concerns the insufficient investment activities within the area of regulated utilities and emphasises the necessity of analyzing the interdependencies between systematic risk and regulatory activities. This article deals with the different extents of systematic risk under different regulatory regimes. First, it is shown that price cap regulation provides higher systematic risk than incentive regulation or no-regulation. In a second step, the extent of risk aversion of regulated companies is analyzed. It turns out that an
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Durgaprasad, J., and T. V. S. R. Appa Rao. "Parameter Interdependencies for Development of KBS for Risk Analysis." Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering 11, no. 4 (1997): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0887-3801(1997)11:4(224).

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Bhimani, Alnoor. "Risk management, corporate governance and management accounting: Emerging interdependencies." Management Accounting Research 20, no. 1 (2009): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2008.11.002.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Risk interdependencies"

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Stan-Maduka, Edna Ijeoma. "Operational risk management : determination of causal relationships and interdependencies of operational risk events." Thesis, University of East London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533016.

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The Basel II capital adequacy framework constitutes a very comprehensive regulatory approach to risk assessment in banks. A special feature of this new accord is that it is not only targeting banks' financial risk exposures in terms of credit risks and market risks, the scope has been widened to also explicitly incorporate banks' exposure to operational risks in the capital adequacy requirement. For banks this novelty means a major change. Unless they choose to use the highly unsophisticated basic indicator approach or the standardized approach proposed in the new Basel accord, it will put sig
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Johansson, Anders C. "Essays in empirical finance : volatility, interdependencies, and risk in emerging markets /." Göteborg : Dept. of Economics, School of Economics and Commercial Law, Göteborg University, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016257928&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Isiugo, Uche C. "Feats and Failures of Corporate Credit Risk, Stock Returns, and the Interdependencies of Sovereign Credit Risk." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2221.

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This dissertation comprises two essays; the first of which investigates sovereign credit risk interdependencies, while the second examines the reaction of corporate credit risk to sovereign credit risk events. The first essay titled, Characterizing Sovereign Credit Risk Interdependencies: Evidence from the Credit Default Swap Market, investigates the relationships that exist among disparate sovereign credit default swaps (CDS) and the implications on sovereign creditworthiness. We exploit emerging market sovereign CDS spreads to examine the reaction of sovereign credit risk to changes in count
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Ozog, Nathan. "Power systems modeling for multiple infrastructure damage and repair simulations." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1406.

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The interdependencies that exist within and between infrastructures can cause unexpected system properties to emerge when their components fail due to large disruptions. As witnessed following emergencies such as Hurricane Katrina, the complexities of these interdependencies make it very difficult to effectively recover infrastructure because of the challenges they create in prioritizing the most critical components for repair. The Joint Infrastructure Interdependencies Research Program was initiated by Public Safety Canada (PSC) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council o
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Garbanovas, Gintautas. "Bank value and risk's portfolio interdependence and management." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101221_114433-10503.

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The main idea of current PhD thesis is the analysis of bank value and risk interdependence, and that bank value is conected with bank activity riskiness on consistent pattern and that this dependency is advisable to measure on probability basis with simulation modeling. In the work are presented systemic view of risk, risk sorts, risk management including cash flow risk management and credit risk management, bank value and valuation methodology, modeling and use in practical tasks.<br>Disertacijoje nagrinėjamos banko vertės ir rizikos sąveikos problemos, ginama tezė, kad banko vertė susijusi s
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Sasota, Jo A. "Understanding when interdependence with other people decreases or increases risk-taking." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1305839223.

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Wiliem, Leonard. "Incorporating interdependence in risk likelihood analysis to enhance diagnostics in condition monitoring." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/28559/1/Leonard_Wiliem_Thesis_V1.pdf.

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This research is aimed at addressing problems in the field of asset management relating to risk analysis and decision making based on data from a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. It is apparent that determining risk likelihood in risk analysis is difficult, especially when historical information is unreliable. This relates to a problem in SCADA data analysis because of nested data. A further problem is in providing beneficial information from a SCADA system to a managerial level information system (e.g. Enterprise Resource Planning/ERP). A Hierarchical Model is develope
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Wiliem, Leonard. "Incorporating interdependence in risk likelihood analysis to enhance diagnostics in condition monitoring." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/28559/.

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This research is aimed at addressing problems in the field of asset management relating to risk analysis and decision making based on data from a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. It is apparent that determining risk likelihood in risk analysis is difficult, especially when historical information is unreliable. This relates to a problem in SCADA data analysis because of nested data. A further problem is in providing beneficial information from a SCADA system to a managerial level information system (e.g. Enterprise Resource Planning/ERP). A Hierarchical Model is develope
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Garbanovas, Gintautas. "Banko vertės ir rizikų portfelio sąveika ir valdymas." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101221_114440-82143.

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Disertacijoje nagrinėjamos banko vertės ir rizikos sąveikos problemos, ginama tezė, kad banko vertė susijusi su banko veiklos rizikų portfeliu dėsningai ir kad šią priklausomybę tikslinga matuoti per tikimybės ir patikimumo prizmes imitavimo būdu. Darbe pateikiamas susistemintas požiūris į riziką, jos rūšis, rizikos valdymą išskiriant pinigų srautų rizikos valdymą bei kredito rizikos valdymą atskirai, bei į banko vertę ir banko vertinimo metodologiją, modeliavimą, jų taikymą praktikoje.<br>The main idea of current PhD thesis is the analysis of bank value and risk interdependence, and that bank
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Osoble, Bashir Nur. "The interdependence between the US and emerging markets' industry sectors : time varying, linear and nonlinear assessments." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/359885/.

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The analysis of the interdependence between international equity markets has been a key issue in international finance as it has important practical implications for asset allocations, risk management, and economic policy. The objective of this thesis is to re-examine the interdependence amongst international equity markets at the industry sector level. In particular, the thesis investigates time varying, long run and short run dynamic relationships between industry sectors of the United States of America and three leading emerging markets/countries: Brazil, Malaysia, and South Africa between
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Books on the topic "Risk interdependencies"

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Hokstad, Per, Ingrid B. Utne, and Jørn Vatn, eds. Risk and Interdependencies in Critical Infrastructures. Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4661-2.

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Hokstad, Per. Risk and Interdependencies in Critical Infrastructures: A Guideline for Analysis. Springer London, 2012.

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Johansson, Anders C. Essays in empirical finance: Volatility, interdependencies, and risk in emerging markets. Göteborg University, 2007.

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Macaulay, Tyson. Critical infrastructure: Understanding its component parts, vulnerabilities, operating risks, and interdependencies. CRC Press, 2008.

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National Infrastructure Advisory Council (U.S.). Framework for dealing with disasters and related interdependencies: Final report and recommendations. National Infrastructure Advisory Council, 2009.

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Attiga, Ali Ahmed. Interdependence on the oil bridge: Risks and opportunities. Petroleum Information Committee of the Arab States, 1988.

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Attiga, Ali Ahmed. Interdependence on the oil bridge: Risks and opportunities. Petroleum Information Committee of the Arab Gulf States, 1988.

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Attiga, Ali Ahmed. Interdependence on the oil bridge: Risks and opportunities. Petroleum Information Committee of the Arab Gulf States, 1988.

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Feeney, Joanne. International market interdependence and learning-by-doing in a risky world. Trade Policy Research Centre, 1993.

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Christopher, Marsh. Unparalleled reforms: China's rise, Russia's fall, and the interdependence of transition. Lexington Books, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Risk interdependencies"

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Mumtaz, Moiz M., Hugh Hansen, and Hana R. Pohl. "3. Mixtures and Their Risk Assessment in Toxicology." In Metal Ions in Toxicology: Effects, Interactions, Interdependencies. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849732116-00061.

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Dorne, Jean-Lou C. M., George E. N. Kass, Luisa R. Bordajandi, et al. "2. Human Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals: Principles and Applications." In Metal Ions in Toxicology: Effects, Interactions, Interdependencies. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849732116-00027.

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Hwang, Wenli, and Houn-Gee Chen. "Assessment of Risk Interdependencies on Information System Development Projects." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95204-8_30.

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Svegrup, L., J. Johansson, and H. Hassel. "Capturing societal interdependencies from a flow perspective—part II: Application." In Risk, Reliability and Safety: Innovating Theory and Practice. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315374987-331.

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Kotzanikolaou, Panayiotis, Marianthi Theoharidou, and Dimitris Gritzalis. "Interdependencies between Critical Infrastructures: Analyzing the Risk of Cascading Effects." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41476-3_9.

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George-Williams, H. "Efficient availability assessment of reconfigurable complex multi-state systems with interdependencies." In Risk, Reliability and Safety: Innovating Theory and Practice. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315374987-379.

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Hong, Tianqi, Francisco de León, and Quanyan Zhu. "Optimal Dispatch of Electrical Transmission Systems Considering Interdependencies with Natural Gas Systems." In Game Theory for Security and Risk Management. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75268-6_9.

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Johansson, J., H. Hassel, and L. Svegrup. "Capturing societal interdependencies from a flow perspective—part I: Method and model." In Risk, Reliability and Safety: Innovating Theory and Practice. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315374987-326.

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Ismail, Ziad, Jean Leneutre, David Bateman, and Lin Chen. "Managing Security Risks Interdependencies Between ICT and Electric Infrastructures: A Game Theoretical Analysis." In Game Theory for Security and Risk Management. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75268-6_10.

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Díaz-Curbelo, A., and A. M. Gento Municio. "Quantitative and Qualitative Models for Managing Risk Interdependencies in Supply Chain." In Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67708-4_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Risk interdependencies"

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Siddqui, Afshan, Cai Ping Wang, Muhammad Imran, Ayan Raza, and Sajjad Ali Mangi. "A Deep Learning-Based Safety Management Framework for Enhancing Fire Resilience and Addressing Fire Hazards in Karachi: An Analysis of Infrastructure Interdependencies Using IN-Core and MXL." In 14th International Civil Engineering Conference. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-jygkm0.

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Fire hazards in densely populated urban areas like Karachi pose significant threats to life, property, and critical infrastructure. This study explores the development of a deep learning-based safety management framework aimed at enhancing fire resilience and addressing fire hazards. The framework integrates predictive modeling techniques, including Random Forest and Stacking Regressors, with IN-Core (Interdependency Core) and MXL (Multi-Zone Layers) models to analyze the interdependencies between critical infrastructure systems and simulate fire spread across different zones. While the predic
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Abbas, Ridha H., Juan F. Hernandez, and Faisal M. Al Abbas. "Holding Water — a Corrosion Management Program in a Vast Seawater Injection System." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-14764.

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Abstract A high-capacity treatment plant filters, disinfects and de-oxygenates seawater to both control corrosion through a massive and aging pipeline network and to meet oil reservoir injection (water flooding) specifications. A Corrosion Management Program (CMP) was developed and implemented to address inter-related corrosion challenges of water quality and pipeline integrity management. The CMP provides decision support by seeking to estimate the cost of corrosion management for water treatment compared to the economics associated with risk and reliability. Using costs vs. benefits measures
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Sharma, Ashok. "Risk related Interdependencies in Information System Projects." In 2009 IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iadcc.2009.4809076.

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Brashear, Jerry Paul, Alan B. Becker, and Steven A. Gabriel. "Interdependencies Among E&P Projects and Portfolio Risk Management." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/56574-ms.

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Brintrup, Alexandra, and Supun Perera. "Quantifying Outsourcing Risk Arising from Product Interdependencies in Supply Networks." In 2019 First International Conference on Graph Computing (GC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gc46384.2019.00019.

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Mican, C., G. Fernandes, and M. Araujo. "Incorporating the Influence of Risk Factor Interdependencies and Shared Risk Factors into Project Portfolio Risk Assessment." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem50564.2021.9673024.

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Hollerer, Siegfried, Thilo Sauter, and Wolfgang Kastner. "Risk Assessments Considering Safety, Security, and Their Interdependencies in OT Environments." In ARES 2022: The 17th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security. ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3538969.3543814.

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Tang, Alex K., Jian Li, and Leonardo Duenas-Osorio. "Lifeline System Interdependencies—Key for Resilience in Practice." In Second International Conference on Vulnerability and Risk Analysis and Management (ICVRAM) and the Sixth International Symposium on Uncertainty, Modeling, and Analysis (ISUMA). American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413609.099.

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Guan, Li, José M. Merigó, Ripon K. Chakrabortty, and Alireza Abbasi. "A Simulation-Optimisation-Based Decision Support System for Optimising Project Risk Treatment Decisions Considering Risk Interdependencies." In 2nd Australian International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management. IEOM Society International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46254/au02.20230065.

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Qazi, Abroon, John Quigley, and Alex Dickson. "Supply Chain Risk Management: Systematic literature review and a conceptual framework for capturing interdependencies between risks." In 2015 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (IEOM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieom.2015.7093701.

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Reports on the topic "Risk interdependencies"

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Loose, Verne W., Thomas Stephen Lowry, Leonard A. Malczynski, et al. Assessing the near-term risk of climate uncertainty : interdependencies among the U.S. states. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/984163.

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Loose, Verne W., Thomas Stephen Lowry, Leonard A. Malczynski, et al. Executive summary for assessing the near-term risk of climate uncertainty : interdependencies among the U.S. states. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1028887.

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Albrecht, Frederike, Jenny Koivisto, and Claudia Teuschbein. Försörjningsberedskap för livsmedel, dricksvatten, energi och transporter och dess motståndskraft mot klimatrelaterade extremer: en kunskapsöversikt. Swedish Defence University, 2025. https://doi.org/10.62061/tzxi9045.

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This literature review maps existing research on the security of supply for the food, drinking water, energy, and transport sectors in the context of climate extremes. The study examines how climate-related extreme weather impacts these supply systems, what scientific models and methods have been developed and applied in previous research, and what challenges remain for future studies. This study is conducted as a scoping review based on an analysis of 140 scientific articles. The results show that supply chains in all examined sectors are vulnerable to disruptions directly or indirectly cause
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Warin, Thierry. Canada–U.S. Trade in a Globalized Economy: Elasticities, Asymmetries, and Policy Imperatives. CIRANO, 2025. https://doi.org/10.54932/slph3996.

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This study examines the intricate trade interdependencies between Canada and the United States, highlighting how aggregate export–import figures can mask deeper economic realities. Approximately three-quarters of Canadian merchandise exports head to the United States each year, contributing to a bilateral merchandise trade surplus for Canada in the range of 100 to 170 billion Canadian dollars. Yet, when energy products are excluded, the United States shows a small surplus with Canada, illustrating how both sides benefit from specialized cross-border value chains. Analyses of selected sectors d
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van den Hurk, Bart, Ilona M. Otto, Christopher P. O. Reyer, et al. What can Covid-19 teach us about preparing for climate risks in Europe? Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc006.

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- The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting many areas of decision-making and policy planning. Lockdowns, economic shocks and public recovery packages are affecting the way we plan for the future, and have shifted societal values and perceptions of risk. Societies across the world have rapidly developed a “new normal”, whilst coping mechanisms and levels of cooperation vastly differ across the globe, significantly affecting impacts and costs. This context should be taken as a new starting point when planning for future crises. - Climate change impacts have the same potential for amplification through
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Bolaños Zamora, Rodrigo. Costa Rica: The Next Stage-Reform without Volatility: A Report. Inter-American Development Bank, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010773.

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This study assesses macroeconomic volatility in Costa Rica, based largely on politically weak governments' inability or unwillingness to effect key reforms. Notable problems include volatility-prone fiscal and monetary policy, structurally weak public finances due to large domestic debts and politically motivated expenditure cycles, underdeveloped financial markets, weak financial links abroad, and risky corporate financing. The paper recommends greater fiscal discipline, financial and policy independence for the Central Bank, improvements in financial system operations, and improving financia
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Clarke, Leon, Leah G. Nichols, Robert Vallario, et al. Chapter 17 : Sectoral Interdependencies, Multiple Stressors, and Complex Systems. Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: The Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II. U.S. Global Change Research Program, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7930/nca4.2018.ch17.

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Slaughter-Acey, Jaime, Kathryn Behrens, Amy M. Claussen, et al. Social and Structural Determinants of Maternal Morbidity and Mortality: An Evidence Map. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer264.

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Objective. The purpose was to review available evidence of risk factors associated with maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States during the prenatal and postpartum periods to inform a National Institutes of Health Pathways to Prevention Workshop: Identifying Risks and Interventions to Optimize Postpartum Health, held November 29–December 1, 2022. Data sources. We searched MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, and the Social Sciences Citation Index through November 2022. Review methods. We searched for observational studies examining exposures related to social and structural determinants of health a
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Soramäki, Kimmo. Financial Cartography. FNA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.69701/ertx8007.

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Geographic maps have been of military and economic importance throughout the ages. Rulers have commissioned maps to control the financial, economic, political, and military aspects of their sovereign entities. Large scale projects like the Ordnance Survey in the UK in the late 18th century, and the Lewis and Clark Expedition a few decades later to map the American West, are early examples of trailblazing efforts to create accurate modern maps of high strategic importance. Digitalization, globalization, and a larger urban and educated workforce necessitate a new understanding of the world, beyo
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Yuan, Jingdong, Jiayi Zhou, and Fei Su. De-risking in the Approaches of the European Union and Japan to Economic Relations with China. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/obgl3368.

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The European Union (EU) and Japan have both adopted de-risking measures in their economic relations with China. Driven by concerns over the security and geoeconomic implications of their dependence on China, the EU and Japan have introduced legislation and regulations to mitigate against risks in supply chains, transfers of sensitive technologies and investments, both inward and outward. However, while consensus exists on the need to adopt de-risking measures, the approaches adopted by the EU and Japan vary due to several factors: the nature and extent of their economic interdependence with Ch
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