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Journal articles on the topic 'Risk of financing'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Adawiyah, Wiwiek Rabiatul. "Framing the Risk of Islamic Based Equity Financing: an Inside Look." Al-Ulum 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.30603/au.v15i1.222.

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This article is a review of the literature that aims at bringing into surface the issue of risk management in equity-based financing which is currently less attractive to Islamic banks. There are several forms of Islamic financing offered to potential borrower. Equity financing is less favorable as compared to debt financing due to high risks associated with it. Substantial numbers of strategies have been developed by researchers to mitigate the financing risks nonetheless the attempt is far from succeed. It is evidenced in the literature that both investors and financial intermediaries tend to overlooked profit and loss sharing mode of financing. Meanwhile Equity financing is adored to be the best form of financing to be offered to small business since it is operating under the principle of justice. Profit and loss sharing mechanism relieve both fund providers and borrowers from financial burden. This article shall review potential risks embedded in equity financing and strategies to overcome the problem.
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2

Setiawati, Nur Utari. "Risk Mitigation in Cooperation Through Channeling Financing between Sharia Companies and Sharia Banks." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 7, no. 10 (November 2, 2020): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i10.2079.

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Cooperation through channeling between Sharia (Islamic) company and financial institutions can be done as long as it does not conflict with the principles of sharia. The purpose of this research is to analyze the risk mitigation of financing, especially in the cooperation between Islamic companies and financial institutions regarding the channeling financing. This research is normative study by statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Channeling financing should be done by fulfilling the principles of justice, balance, beneficence and universalism and not contain any gharar, maisir, usury, wrongdoing and haram objects. The contract that frames this collaboration is wakalah bil ujrah. Sharia companies as representatives of financial institutions that distribute sharia financing to customers receives compensation (ujrah) from managing the funds. Channeling financing, does not rule out the risk of mistakes (wanprestasi), therefore, if there is a mistake the one that took the risk is financial institution while Sharia Company does not take the risk. However, it is possible for Sharia Company to take the risks if Sharia Company does not mitigate the risk that should be carried out by the Sharia Company. It is concluded that, it is possible for Sharia Company to take the risks if Sharia Company does not mitigate the risk that should be carried out by Sharia Company in channeling Sharia financing to its customers.
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3

Howell, David, and Mark Henschke. "FINANCING OFFSHORE PROJECTS." APPEA Journal 29, no. 1 (1989): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj88009.

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Project financing is entering a new phase with the forthcoming petroleum developments in difficult areas such as Papua New Guinea.Added to the usual project financing risks, such as oil price, reserves and completion considerations, are new risks associated with the country. These are collectively termed 'political risk', and encompass expropriation, wars and currency controls.Four ways of mitigating political risk are individual banks increasing country limits, developer self- insurance, political risk insurance and the use of export credit finance. None of the above is a single solution, but all can be used in solving the problems associated with political risk.
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4

Mishchenko, Volodymyr, Svitlana Naumenkova, Viktor Ivanov, and Ievgen Tishchenko. "Special aspects of using hybrid financial tools for project risk management in Ukraine." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 15, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(2).2018.23.

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The relevance of the article is due to the need of using non-traditional tools for capital raising and hedging financial risks in Ukrainian conditions that allow investors to protect themselves against possible losses during the entire life cycle of the investment project. The study is based on the National Bank of Ukraine statistical data, data of Ukrainian commercial banks, as well as on the authors’ calculations based on empirical and economic-statistical methods. According to international practices, hybrid financial instruments were classified and the special aspects of their use in Ukraine were studied to manage the risks of project financing. Specific features of using the structured bonds for financing investment projects are determined based on the synthetic securitization scheme. The experience of Ukrainian banks was analyzed and the necessity to use financial instruments such as guarantees and letters of credit in risk management of project financing was substantiated. It has been established that forward contracts, currency swaps and over-the-counter currency options are the most acceptable instruments for hedging foreign exchange risks of project financing. Further studies of the problem should include the need for legislative regulation of using hybrid financial instruments, as well as methodological and regulatory support for the risk management of project financing at all stages of the investment project implementation.
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5

McNamara, Michael J., George W. Head, Michael J. Elliot, and James D. Blinn. "Essentials of Risk Financing." Journal of Risk and Insurance 61, no. 4 (December 1994): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/253648.

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6

Nanda, Ramana, and Matthew Rhodes-Kropf. "Financing Risk and Innovation." Management Science 63, no. 4 (April 2017): 901–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2350.

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7

Ramli, Rosmini, Dian Masyita, and Mokhamad Anwar. "Risk Determinant of Musharakah Financing: A Study in Indonesia." ACRN Journal of Finance and Risk Perspectives 9, no. 1 (2020): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35944/jofrp.2020.9.1.004.

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The purpose of this paper is to find out the influence of internal and external factors on the risk of musharaka financing of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia. Financing risks in previous Islamic banking studies focus more on overall financing risks involving internal and external aspects, both separately and jointly. There have been no studies that examine the internal and external aspects of sharia commercial banks on financing risks, especially in the musharakah contract. This study will complement the literature on the aforementioned issue. This study uses a quantitative method with panel data regression analysis. The data used is quarter financial ratio data from all Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia for the period 2012-2017. The results of the study show that bank internal factors predominantly influence the risk of musharakah financing. Whereas on external factors, only GDP growth has a significant effect.
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8

Sofyan, Syathir. "ANALISIS PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN RISIKO PEMBIAYAAN PADA LEMBAGA PEMBIAYAAN SYARIAH." Bilancia: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum 11, no. 2 (December 4, 2017): 359–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/blc.v11i2.310.

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This research discusses financing risk management in sharia financing institutions. Financing risk is a risky risk and can lead to systemic risk one of which occurred the global financial crisis. Sharia financing institutions are identical with those risks, so that the application of proactive risk management should be done so as not to be affected. The purpose of this research is to know the risk management of financing at PT XYZ, which in this research is qualitative decriptive. Data analysis used is data reduction, data presentation, verification andconclusion. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of risk management of financing at PT XYZ is categorized not good enough. this means that to create financing risk management it is necessary to apply a reliable and consistent risk management system. Seeing the results of the research that during the period 2014 to 2016 has increased the value of NPF, which requires companies to act quickly to mitigate the value of NPF ratio
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9

Muchtar, Masruri. "ANALISIS RISIKO AKAD MURABAHAH DI PERBANKAN SYARIAH." INFO ARTHA 5, no. 1 (July 28, 2021): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31092/jia.v5i1.1246.

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Every financing funded by Islamic banks always contains a risk, including murabahah contracts. The risks faced by Islamic banks are very diverse and multifaceted in line with innovations in the financial and banking products offered. This study is to conduct a critical analysis of the practice of murabahah contracts that have been carried out by almost all Islamic banks in Indonesia. The analysis is carried out with reference to ten categories of risk regulated in the Financial Services Authority (OJK) Regulation number 65/POJK.03/2016. This study uses a qualitative approach in the form of a literature study to describe the problem identified. The results show that financing with a murabahah contract takes various risks, namely: financing risk, market risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, legal risk, reputation risk, strategic risk, compliance risk, return risk, and investment risk. The implication is that Islamic banks shall give attention to all those risks that have been identified by preparing mitigation efforts
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10

Indrasasmita, Taufan, and Imron Mawardi. "RISIKO PEMBIAYAAN MODAL KERJA DI BANK JATIM SYARIAH." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 6, no. 9 (January 17, 2020): 1770. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol6iss20199pp1770-1782.

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The results showed that the risk management process of working capital financing at Bank Jatim Syariah consists of risk identification, risk analysis, risk control and risk evaluation. The main risks in working capital financing are credit risk, reputation risk, and liquidity risk. Bank Jatim Syariah mitigates credit risk by analyzing risk using six methods of Bank Jatim Syariah analysis, which are management analysis, financial analysis, character analysis, facility analysis, business environment condition analysis and collateral analysis or guarantee. After conducting this analysis, Bank Jatim Syariah uses 3R control, which is rescheduling, restructuring and reconditioning.Keywords: Risk, Financing, Bank Jatim Syariah
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11

Silvia Isfiyanti, Rozmita Dewi Yuniarti, and Rumaisah Azizah Al Adawiyah. "Pengaruh Risiko Pembiayaan Akad Murabahah, Musyarakah, dan Mudharabah terhadap Profitabilitas BPRS di Indonesia Tahun 2011-2019." Ekspansi: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan, Perbankan dan Akuntansi 12, no. 1 (August 31, 2020): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35313/ekspansi.v12i1.1926.

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Profitability is the ability of the company to generate profits to determine the company's financial performance. The development of Non Performing Financing at BPRS is in high ratio, besides that the development of Return on Assets fluctuates but tends to decline. This indicates the existence of problems faced by BPRS in maximizing the profit to be obtained. This study aims to determine the effect of Murabahah financing (NPF), Musyarakah financing (NPF), and Mudharabah financing (NPF) risks on BPRS Return on Assets (ROA) in Indonesia in 2011-2019. The research method that used is a quantitative method using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the financing risk (NPF) of the Murabahah, Musyarakah, and Mudharabah effect on ROA. Partially, the risk of Murabahah financing results on it has a significant effect on ROA in a negative direction, while the risk of Musyarakah financing has no significant effect on ROA in a positive direction, besides the risk of Mudharabah financing has a significant and significant effect on ROA in a positive direction. The findings of this study produce implications whether the financing risk on the Murabahah, Musyarakah, and Mudharabah financing increases, the Return on Assets will decrease, and if it lefts unchecked will affect the financial performance of the company and the market share of Islamic banking.
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12

Chowdhury, Mohammad Ashraful Ferdous, Chowdhury Shahed Akbar, and Mohammad Shoyeb. "Nexus between risk sharing vs non-risk sharing financing and economic growth of Bangladesh." Managerial Finance 44, no. 6 (June 11, 2018): 739–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-12-2016-0371.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the linkage between Islamic financing principles and economic growth (EG) by taking into consideration two Islamic Financing Principles: Risk Sharing and non-risk sharing separately. Design/methodology/approach The data for this study are obtained from the annual reports of all Islamic banks from Bangladesh using Bank scope database and annual report for the period 1984-2014. The research uses an Autoregressive Distributive Lags (ARDL) approach. For robustness, this study also employs a continuous wavelet transform approach. Findings The empirical findings reveal that the risk sharing instruments are positively related to the EG of the country. On the other hand, non-risk sharing instruments are negatively related to the EG of the country. Research limitations/implications The dominant use of non-risk sharing-based financing has undermined the greater possibility of Islamic banking to contribute more to the EG of the country. Banks and other financial institutions need to pay greater attention to systemic risk created by risk transfer and apply risk sharing methods of financing more vigorously to achieve greater equity, efficient allocation of resources, stability and growth of the financial system and welfare of the society as a whole. Originality/value This study has advanced the knowledge by examining the issue of Islamic financing principles and EG. This is probably one of the first attempts to find the linkage between Islamic financing principles and EG by taking into consideration two portfolios: risk sharing and non-risk sharing separately and provide significant insights for policy makers, market players and academicians.
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13

Bu, Yumeng. "Research on the Impact of Financing Liquidity on Risk-taking of Commercial Banks." MATEC Web of Conferences 267 (2019): 04012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926704012.

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Insufficient liquidity and maturity mismatches lead to bank risks and financial crises. After Basel III included the net stable funding ratio into regulatory indicators, the relationship between the liquidity indicators represented by the net stable capital ratio and the bank's risk exposure triggered discussions among domestic and foreign scholars. This paper uses the data of China's commercial banks, mainly discussing the mutual influence of internal financing liquidity and external financing liquidity on the risk exposure of banks, and then putting forward some suggestions on how to reduce bank risks through financing liquidity.
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14

SSn, Srinivas Gumparthi. "Risk Assessment Model for Assessing NBFCs’(Asset Financing) Customers." International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance 1, no. 1 (2010): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijtef.2010.v1.22.

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15

Riduwan, Riduwan, and Gita Danupranata. "Risk Analysis of Sharia Bank Financing Contract." Ihtifaz: Journal of Islamic Economics, Finance, and Banking 3, no. 1 (June 23, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/ijiefb.v3i1.1943.

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Non-Performing Financing (NPF) is the inability of customers to meet their obligations in accordance with the contract, which can be categorized into three types namely substandard, doubtful and bad debt (macet). NPF is the main and biggest risk for sharia banks, hence the ability of sharia banks to identify, measure, monitor and control the risks of financing and capital provision is very important. Sharia banks will face greater risks than conventional banks because of the risk of sharia reputation. Besides being influenced by internal and external factors of sharia banks, NPF can also be influenced by the financing contract (akad) used.This study analyzes the level of financing risk based on the contract. The population and sample are all Sharia Rural Banks in Indonesia with 167 secondary data in the form of the publication of financial statements for 2011-2018. Analysis of the data using quantitative descriptive methods with a survey approach. The analyzed data are NPF data based on an eight year financing contract. This study managed to obtain data that the BPRS is more interested in financing with certainty of results, proven that murabahah has the highest outstanding compared to other contract. The results of this study also indicate that the low risk contract is in the murabahah contract, while the contract with the medium risk is in the mudarabah, musyarakah, multijasa, qard and istisna and the contract with the highest risk is salam and ijarah contract.
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16

Habara, Keiji. "Risk Financing Techniques in Terrorism Risk Management." Hokengakuzasshi (JOURNAL of INSURANCE SCIENCE), no. 602 (2008): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5609/jsis.2008.602_149.

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17

Atwood, Joseph A., Myles J. Watts, and Glenn A. Helmers. "Chance‐Constrained Financing as a Response to Financial Risk." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 70, no. 1 (February 1988): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1241978.

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18

Stander, C., Jan Hendrik Mostert, and Frederik J. Mostert. "Risk financing for capital investments to enhance shareholders’ value." Corporate Ownership and Control 7, no. 1 (2009): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv7i1c3p5.

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The purpose of any company should be the maximization of shareholders’ wealth, which implies a higher return on equity and less risk associated with the capital invested. Capital investment opportunities however impact on both the return on equity and the associated company-specific risks. These two factors need to be played of against each other, because higher return on equity usually requires higher associated risks. Given the risks associated with capital investments, equity capital or risk financing instruments can be used to provide the protection needed. Until recently the main focus was on the traditional approach, making use of equity capital instead of risk financing instruments. This research puts the emphasis on the improvement of financial decision-making by companies, through the use of risk financing instruments instead of equity capital, freeing the equity for other strategic investments.
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19

Said, Salmah, A. Syathir Sofyan, and Andi Muhammad Ali Amiruddin. "Mashlaha in Financing Risk Measurement in Sharia Financing Institutions." IQTISHADIA 12, no. 2 (October 23, 2019): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/iqtishadia.v12i2.4992.

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<p><em>The crisis of confidence in the credit rating agency forced Islamic financing institutions to apply risk measurement methods independently and renewed the study of credit risk measurement. Moreover, this research also discusses mashlaha (public interest) in measuring financing risk. This research </em><em>use</em><em>s a mixed method</em><em> approach, </em><em>combining quantitative methods to measure risk by utilizing CreditRisk+</em><em>,</em><em> and qualitative </em><em>methods</em><em> in analyzing mashlaha </em><em>i</em><em>n these measurements. This study revealed that CreditRisk+</em> <em>is able to measure financing risk accurately.</em><em> This study also found that there is mashlaha as part of </em><em>maqashid al-sharia</em><em> in risk measur</em><em>e</em><em>ment</em><em>, namely 1) Tahdzib al-Fard, that mak</em><em>es</em><em> a financial institution capable of independently measuring the risk of its own financing; 2) Iqamah al-Adl, independent measurement will create information justice by comparing measurement results both internally and externally. 3) Mashlaha itself, with internal risk measurement</em><em>,</em><em> will reduce systemic risk. </em><em>The i</em><em>mplications of this study is </em><em>the use of mashlaha in analyzing financing risk provides more stringent prudential in the measurement of financing risk</em><em>.</em></p>
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20

Mutenga, Stanley, and Sotiris K. Staikouras. "Financing MG Rover Through Bankruptcy: Some Risk Financing Lessons." Risk Management 9, no. 2 (March 26, 2007): 59–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.rm.8250015.

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21

Yasinovska, Iryna, and Olena Sheremeta. "Management of investment risks in the system of project financing." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 5-6 (August 2019): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2019.5-6.23.

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Purpose. The aim of the article is to investigate the problem of investment risk management in the project financing system. Methodology of research. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method of scientific knowledge. General scientific and special methods are used in the process of research, namely: abstract and logical, deductive and system analyzes – in the study of the peculiarities of project financing implementation; problems of management of investment risks in the project financing system; substantiation of ways of activation of development of project financing in Ukraine. Findings. A literary review and analysis of modern approaches to defining the concept of “project financing” have been carried out. The problematic aspects of the development of project financing in Ukraine are identified and the most common instruments for neutralizing investment risks in project financing are analyzed. According to official statistics, a significant proportion of business entities are found to be operating at a loss or low level of profitability, which negatively affects their creditworthiness and limits access to bank lending. In such circumstances, an important way out of this situation is to activate the development of project financing. Project financing, taking into account investment risks, can be provided by reliable financially sound banks, which have effective risk management, long-term resources, highly qualified specialists in financial investment analysis and consulting. Originality. The reasons for insufficient distribution of project financing in the banking sector of Ukraine have been identified and the directions of its activation have been proposed. Practical value. The findings of the study, which are expressed in the conclusions and proposals, contribute to solving the problem of improving investment risk management in project financing. Key words: project financing; project risks; investment risk; investment climate; investment risk management.
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22

Ying, Wang, and Pan Wenjie. "Local Government Debt, Financing Platform and Fiscal Risk." International Business Research 12, no. 3 (January 29, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v12n3p40.

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The excessive expansion of local financing platform as a substantive medium for local government borrowing has aggravated local government financial risks, which may induce systemic financial risks. Based on the current debt situation of the central and provincial governments, this paper uses different measurement models to calculate debt balance and default risks of the financing platforms. The results show that nearly one-third of the provinces may have potential financial risks, therefore the central government and local governments should work together and keep four kinds of balances in order to prevent and defuse risks.
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23

Falikhatun, Falikhatun, and Mutiarafah Mutiarafah. "THE IMPACT OF RISK AND REPUTATION ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN ISLAMIC BANKING: EVIDANCE FROM INDONESIA." Amwaluna: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah 5, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 230–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/amwaluna.v5i2.7033.

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This study aims to examine the impact of risk and reputation on financial performance. More specifically, we use financing risk, liquidity risk, reputation with rewards, and growth in profit-sharing based financing as our variable of interests. We also assign bank size as a control variable. Our data is analyzed using Generalized Least Square (GLS) regression. Islamic Commercial Banks listed in Sharia Banking Statistics (Statistik Perbankan Syariah - SPS) published by OJK in 2015−2019 are selected as our sample. We find that (1) financing risk has a negative effect on financial performance; and (2) both reputation with rewards and bank size have a positive effect on financial performance. However, liquidity risk and growth in profit-sharing based financing do not affect financial performance. Several research implications are the importance of risk mitigation, the importance to maintain the reputation of the Islamic bank’s stakeholders, and creating innovative funding and financing products.
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24

Pravasanti, Yuwita Ariessa. "RISIKO KEUANGAN DAN TINGKAT KESEHATAN KEUANGAN BANK DENGAN SIZE, INFLASI, DAN GDP SEBAGAI VARIABEL KONTROL PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA." JURNAL ILMIAH EKONOMI ISLAM 3, no. 01 (March 31, 2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v3i01.97.

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This study aims to analyze the financial risk and health financial level of banks on Islamic banking in Indonesia. This study aims to get empirical evidence about the possibility of relationship and influence of financial risks (liquidity risk (Financing to Deposit Ratio), financing risks (Non Performing Financing) and operational risk (RWA for operational risk) and the financial soundness of banks (Net Operating margin, Return on Assets and Return on Equity) with the size of bank, inflation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as a control variable in islamic banking in Indonesia. This study used panel data analysis and used 9 islamic bank with 5 years in a period, from 2010 to 2014 so the sample used in this study were 45 data. The data were processed using Microsoft Excel and Eviews software version 8.The results showed that simultaneously financial risk not significant effect on NOM, but significant effect on ROA and ROE. Partially NPF variables only significantly influence on NOM, FDR and NPF variable significant effect on ROA, and FDR variable significant effect on ROE. The control variables used in this study had no effect on health financial level.
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Tang, Christopher S., S. Alex Yang, and Jing Wu. "Financing Suppliers under Performance Risk." Foundations and Trends® in Technology, Information and Operations Management 12, no. 2-3 (2019): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0200000091.

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26

Vega, Arturo Olvera. "Risk Allocation in Infrastructure Financing." Journal of Structured Finance 3, no. 2 (July 31, 1997): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jsf.3.2.38.

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27

Golbeck, Steven, and Vadim Linetsky. "Asset financing with credit risk." Journal of Banking & Finance 37, no. 1 (January 2013): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2012.08.010.

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28

Mohd Abd Khar, Siti Hajar Binti, Muhammad Pisol bin Mohd Mat Isa, Maran Marimuthu, and Amin Jan. "The Perception of Micro-Entrepreneurs towards the Adoption of an Islamic Equity-Based Financing: Evidence from Malaysia." Business Management and Strategy 10, no. 2 (October 8, 2019): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bms.v10i2.15586.

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This paper aims to explore the perception of micro-entrepreneurs towards the adoption of equity-based financing models in Malaysia. The investigation has covered the following characteristics of equity-based financing such as fairness, partnership, risk sharing, business size, and MFI. The current micro-financial products in Malaysia are focusing more on debt-based financing, which is holistically increasing the financial risk level of entrepreneurs in the case of defaults. There is a dire need to identify the relevancy and viability of equity-based financing in Malaysia, it will ultimately reduce the financial risks of entrepreneurs in case of default. The Islamic financial concept offers a solution to this problem, Musharakah and Mudarabah are among the other Islamic products that offer equity-based micro-financing to entrepreneurs. However, its practical implementation is still vague. In relation to this, the study adopts a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 700 micro-entrepreneurs from the state of Selangor Malaysia. The results of this study found that micro-entrepreneurs tend to register a positive perception of the characteristics of equity-based financing and risk-sharing score as the highest factor towards the adoption of the proposed equity-based PLS model in Malaysia.
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29

Roziq, Ahmad, and Hari Sukarno. "The Effect of Islamic Financing Schemes on Risk and Financing Performance in Islamic Banks in Indonesia." IQTISHODUNA: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 10, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36835/iqtishoduna.v10i1.729.

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The purpose of this study is to prove the effect of the financing scheme on financing risk and financing performance in Islamic banks in Indonesia. This research applies a form of quantitative research with the type of explanatory research that aims to accept or reject hypotheses. The population in this study are Islamic banks in Indonesia. The data used in the study are secondary data in the form of financial ratios sourced from Islamic bank financial reports for 2015 to 2019. Data analysis techniques use partial least squares which are used to test the inner model and outer model. The results of the study found that the sharia financing scheme that uses the buying and selling system and the profit sharing system has a significant effect on the risk of financing. However, the sharia financing scheme that uses the lease system has no significant effect on financing risk. The results also found that financing risk has a significant effect on the performance of Islamic bank financing in Indonesia. The results showed that the management of Islamic banks must be able to manage buying and selling financing and profit-sharing and profit-sharing financing schemes carefully and minimizing the risk of financing.
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30

Mennawi, Ahmed Nourrein Ahmed. "The The Impact of Liquidity, Credit, and Financial Leverage Risks on Financial Performance of Islamic Banks: A Case of Sudanese Banking Sector." Risk and Financial Management 2, no. 2 (December 26, 2020): p59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/rfm.v2n2p59.

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This study aims to investigate the impact of liquidity, credit, and financial leverage risks on the financial performance of Islam banks in Sudan during the period of 2008 - 2018. Panel dataset of 143 observations from (13) banks has been used in this study. Two models of ROA and NPM have been constructed using robust random effects estimates for testing the study hypotheses. The independent variables consist of liquidity and credit risks plus the financial Leverage ratio. Credit risk that measured by nonperformance of loan (financing) and provision of loan (financing) loss ratios; while the liquidity risk measured by cash to deposits ratio, liquid assets to total assets ratio and total loan (financing) to total deposits ratio. The financial performance of Islamic banks in Sudan measured by the ratios of return on assets and net profit margin. The results reveal that the credit risk and financial leverage have significant and negative impact on the financial performance of Islamic banks in Sudan, whereas the liquidity risk generally found to be insignificant. Despite that, the liquidity risk in term of liquid assets to total assets ratio provides a significant and positive influence on the financial performance of Sudanese banks. Finally, the importance of this study is that it touches the most significant types of risks that Sudanese Islamic banks face during their operational cycles.
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Abdul-Rahman, Aisyah, Noor Latifah Hanim Mohd Said, and Ahmad Azam Sulaiman. "Financing Structure and Liquidity Risk: Lesson from Malaysian Experience." Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice 6, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jcbtp-2017-0016.

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Abstract This study examines the relationship between financing structure and bank liquidity risk. We compare the findings between Islamic and conventional banks for the case of Malaysia. We adopt four measures to represent financing structure; namely 1) real estate financing, 2) financing concentration, 3) stability of short-term financing structure and 4) stability of medium-term financing structure. Two BASEL III liquidity risk measures are tested; namely, liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) and the net stable funding ratio (NSFR) to measure short- and long-term liquidity risk, respectively. Based on panel data regression comprising 27 conventional and 17 Islamic banks from 1994 to 2014, our findings show that real estate financing and stability of short-term financing structure for Islamic banks are positively related to both liquidity risk measures. This implies that an increasing number of real estate financing and a stable short-term financing structure may increase Islamic banks’ short- and long-term liquidity risks. However, although real estate financing does not affect conventional banks’ liquidity risks, a stable short-term financing structure and increasing financing concentration can positively influence bank long-term liquidity risk. Our findings shed light crucial policy implications for regulatory bodies and market players in the context of liquidity risk management framework as well as the need to develop a separate framework between conventional and Islamic banking institutions.
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Artikis, Panagiotis T., and Constantinos T. Artikis. "Combinations of risk control and risk financing operations." International Journal of Decision Sciences, Risk and Management 1, no. 3/4 (2009): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijdsrm.2009.031120.

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33

Wang, Zhixin, and Yue Wang. "Measuring Risks of Confirming Warehouse Financing from the Third Party Logistics Perspective." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 21, 2019): 6573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236573.

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Confirmation warehouse financing is an important model in supply chain finance. This type of financing has special characteristics due to the existence of the reverse repurchase link, and it increases the risk commitment of the core enterprise at a certain level. Previous research on supply chain financial risk mostly settled in ‘all-industry, multi-model’, ignoring the special risks of single mode. To supplement the vacancies in the current research, the special risks of supply chain finance should be identified under a single model. On this basis, a measurement index system for confirmation warehouse financing risk is created. The article uses a Back Propagation (BP) neural network to build a Third Party Logistics (3PL) perspective of the risk measurement model for confirmation warehouse financing. The said network is combined with the 24 sets of actual cases from ZY Logistics. MATLAB is used to train the sample data. Results show that the absolute errors—0.042998, −0.011102, 0.020514 and 0.039448—between the training value and the predicted value are smaller than the preset error value. Among the 24 cases, high-risk businesses reached 41.7%, whereas low-risk businesses only accounted for 29.2%. The ZY enterprise confirms that warehouse financial business risk is high, and this situation should be revised. Research shows that the risk measurement indicator system has good risk prediction ability. This study establishes and verifies the rationality of the risk measurement index system and provides a reliable reference for 3PL risk aversion in supply chain finance.
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34

Agamagomedova, E. V. "Risk Assessment of Public-Private Partnership Projects Using SMART Financing." Economics and Management 26, no. 8 (September 27, 2020): 901–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2020-8-901-911.

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Risk assessment is one of the main tools used in the implementation of public-private partnership (PPP) projects in any economic sector. Risk analysis is necessary for the formation of a resource-efficient system of distribution and risk management, i.e. a SMART system.Aim. The presented study aims to develop and test a risk assessment methodology for PPP projects based on the concept of SMART financing.Tasks. The authors formulate a criteria framework for the formation of PPP projects using the concept of SMART financing, develop a risk assessment methodology, and conduct applied research based on one of economic sectors.Methods. This study is based on the systematization of publications of Russian and foreign economists on the problem of forming public-private partnership projects using risk management tools, statisti cal and economic-mathematical methods for analyzing the economic indicators of the selected sector and the living standards in the regions of the Central Federal District (CFD), and a comprehensive approach to assessing the risks of PPP projects using SMART financing.Results. A criteria framework for the formation of PPP projects using the concept of SMART financing and a methodology for assessing the risks of PPP projects in the housing and utilities sector using the concept of SMART financing are developed.Conclusions. The practical significance of the study consists in the development of a methodology for assessing the risks of PPP projects using the concept of SMART financing, which is based on the principle of point distribution of financial resources based on risk assessment. This will make it possible to prioritize the distribution of financial resources in the implementation of PPP projects.
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35

Manzoor, Davood, Majid Karimirizi, and Ali Mostafavisani. "Financing infrastructure projects based on risk sharing model: Istisna sukuk." Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jeeir.v5i3.8832.

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One of the basic needs of developing countries is the economic infrastructure that is the basis of growth and development in other sectors of the economy. The lack of proper response to financing needs in this sector will result in economic development that faces major challenges anddifficulties. Designing an optimal solution to financing these types of projects is thus, a fundamental need. These projects have two main characteristics that should be considered in the financing method. The first is long-term period to constructing and the second is the high cost of implementation. The use of Islamic financial innovations based on Islamic contracts can meet many of these needs.States in developing countries have so far preferred to raise fund based on debt, ignoring the fact that this kind of financing and choice of method will cause many problems for the economy. Financial crises and economic stability, creating a leverage in the economy, budget deficit, inflation and the distribution of risk among economic agents are the issues that affect the structures and models of financing. IstisnaSukukhas the potential to be used for infrastructure project financing and can be combined with other contracts, including Ijarah and Musharakah, for these types of projects. In this paper, various models are presented and examined to show that by adapting the financial flows of state-owned projects with real economy, especially in the field of infrastructure, the macroeconomic imbalances can be avoided. This is most relevant in the "Istisna-Musharakah-Stock" model.
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36

Zenios, Stavros A., Andrea Consiglio, Marialena Athanasopoulou, Edmund Moshammer, Angel Gavilan, and Aitor Erce. "Risk Management for Sustainable Sovereign Debt Financing." Operations Research 69, no. 3 (May 2021): 755–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.2020.2055.

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The sharp increase of sovereign debt internationally, since the 2008 global financial crisis, decisively contributed to several sovereign debt crises. The current COVID-19 pandemic and the fact that public debt remains high globally, have prompted a renewed interest in debt sustainability analysis (DSA) and in policy discussions concerning the most appropriate variables. We develop a normative DSA model to manage tail risk and optimize debt-financing decisions with sustainability conditions on debt stock and flow, under macroeconomic, financial, and fiscal uncertainty. We show that a risk management view alters a government’s debt-financing policy to manage tail risk better. Many uncertain variables confound the problem, and portfolio optimization using stochastic programming on scenario trees provides a versatile and effective tool to achieve sustainable debt dynamics. The model is an essential building block of the European Stability Mechanism framework to assess debt sustainability of eurozone member states, including the repayment capacity of crisis countries under €295bn assistance programs.
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37

Mostert, F. J. "Internal risk financing with special reference to contingency funds." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2003): 274–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v6i2.3314.

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Enterprises can manage risks in two fundamental ways, namely by physical risk control and by risk financing. The latter comprises external and internal risk financing. As this paper focuses on the latter of these concepts, due attention is paid to the main forms of internal risk financing. Charging losses to current operating profit, arranging loan facilities and implementing equity financing programmes are different forms of internal risk financing. The nature, advantages and various types of captive insurance companies are considered as holding companies can utilise this form of internal risk financing. Special attention is paid to the use of contingency funds as a way of internal risk financing by applying a modelling approach. The conclusions reached should be valuable to business enterprises in particular, but also to non-profit organisations and individuals.
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Jarosiński, Krzysztof, and Benedykt Opałka. "The Risk of Long-Term Financing of Public Investments." European Journal of Marketing and Economics 2, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejme-2019.v2i2-69.

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The risk of financing of public investments is a phenomenon that accompanies development processes in a permanent manner. Investments in the public sector are generally characterized by relatively long implementation cycles and involve significant capital expenditure and the necessity of often parallel running a large number of investment projects. In the processes of this type of investment a specific risk category of financing of this type of investment is quite often taken into account, given that such projects are financed mainly from budgetary resources: the state budget and self-government budgets. Economic practice indicates an importance of the proper selection of the method of the financing of new investments and taking into account new funds from various sources. This situation is often the result of a shortage of budgetary resources from which public investments could be financed. There may be difficulties in financing investments resulting from the emergence of a risk of budgetary deficit and the public debt. This risk may have a negative impact on investment decisions and may adversely affect the future course of ongoing investment projects. The purpose of the paper is to undertake studies on the conditions of financing investments from the point of view of the possibility of budget deficit and public debt and the impact of changes in the financial situation on the overall level of risk of public investment. The text is an invitation to undertake a broader discussion on financing public investments in conditions of limited public financial resources.
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39

Tong, Zeping, and Shuo Yang. "The Research of Agricultural SMEs Credit Risk Assessment Based on the Supply Chain Finance." E3S Web of Conferences 275 (2021): 01061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127501061.

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Agriculture is a basic industry that supports the construction and development of the national economy and plays an important role in promoting rural revitalization. And in the current post-COVID-19 era, agricultural SMEs have difficulty in obtaining the favours of financial institutions in normal lending due to their weak credit guarantee capabilities and high credit management costs. Difficulty in financing has become a bottleneck problem that plagues the development of enterprises and restricts the development of agricultural modernization. How to evaluate and control its credit risk is not only a major way to solve the financing difficulties of agricultural SMEs, but also the basis for the stable development of supply chain financial services. This paper analyzes three typical financing modes of agricultural SMEs from the perspective of supply chain finance, and takes the agricultural SMEs in the New OTC Market as an example to construct a Logistic model, and uses factor analysis to effectively predict the credit risk of supply chain finance. The results show that the operational efficiency factors, growth factors and related core corporate profitability of agricultural SMEs financing enterprises significantly affect their credit risk. After testing, the model is highly accurate in predicting the financing risks of agricultural SMEs.
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40

E.N., Alifanova, and Evlakhova Y.S. "Transforming the Regulation of Russian Financial Institutions: a Response to Modern Challenges of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing." KnE Social Sciences 3, no. 2 (February 15, 2018): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i2.1591.

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The paper reveals the approach to the regulation of Russian financial institutions, which is aimed at identifying their vulnerabilities to risks and building risk profiles for a set of interrelated risks. In the framework of this approach, the authors outline the concept of the relationship between the vulnerabilities of financial institutions and households to the risks of money laundering and terrorist financing, as well as a methodology for identifying the vulnerabilities of systemically important banks to these risks. As a result of the application of this methodology, three types of risk profiles of Russian banks were identified, their visualization was presented, and the corresponding vulnerability zones were specified. The authors formulated proposals for the mega-regulator of the Russian financial market and for systemically important Russian banks based on the regulation of financial institutions aimed at reducing their vulnerability to risks. Keywords: vulnerabilities of financial institutions, money laundering and terrorist financing risks, risk profiles.
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41

Bouwer, L. M., and P. Vellinga. "Some rationales for risk sharing and financing adaptation." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 5 (March 1, 2005): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0116.

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Current climate variability and anticipated climate change challenge our water systems and our financial resources. The sharing of economic losses due to weather related hazards and the sharing of costs that result from protecting lives and property take place in different forms, but are currently insufficient. In this paper we discuss three different rationales for financing disaster losses through public and private arrangements, as well as options for financing adaptation, with a special focus on water management. We propose that financial arrangements for risk sharing and climate change adaptation should be reconsidered, in a more structured approach, to be able to deal with both disaster losses and the costs that arise because of climate change adaptation, e.g. for water management, in both developing and developed countries.
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42

Hamzah, Siti Raihana, Norizarina Ishak, and Ahmad Fadly Nurullah Rasedee. "Risk shifting elimination and risk sharing exposure in equity-based financing – a theoretical exposition." Managerial Finance 44, no. 10 (October 8, 2018): 1210–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-05-2017-0187.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine incentives for risk shifting in debt- and equity-based contracts based on the critiques of the similarities between sukuk and bonds. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a theoretical and mathematical model to investigate whether incentives for risk taking exist in: debt contracts; and equity contracts. Findings Based on this theoretical model, it argues that risk shifting behaviour exists in debt contracts only because debt naturally gives rise to risk shifting behaviour when the transaction takes place. In contrast, equity contracts, by their very nature, involve sharing transactional risk and returns and are thus thought to make risk shifting behaviour undesirable. Nonetheless, previous researchers have found that equity-based financing also might carry risk shifting incentives. Even so, this paper argues that the amount of capital provided and the underlying assets must be considered, especially in the event of default. Through mathematical modelling, this element of equity financing can make risk shifting unattractive, thus making equity financing more distinct than debt financing. Research limitations/implications Global awareness of the dangers of debt should be increased as a means of reducing the amount of debt outstanding globally. Although some regulators suggest that sukuk replaces debt, they must also be aware that imitative sukuk poses the same threat to efforts to avoid debt. In short, efforts to ensure future financial stability cannot address only debts or bonds but must also address those types of sukuk that mirrors bonds in their operation. In the wake of the global financial crisis, amid the frantic search for ways of protecting against future financial shocks, this analysis aims to help create future stability by encouraging market players to avoid debt-based activities and promoting equity-based instruments. Practical implications This paper’s findings are relevant for countries that feature more than one type of financial market (e.g. Islamic and conventional) because risk shifting behaviour can degrade economic and financial stability. Originality/value This paper differs from the previous literature in two important ways, viewing risk shifting behaviour not only in relation to debt or bonds but also when set against debt-based sukuk, which has been subjected to similar criticism. Indeed, to the extent that debts and bonds encourage risk shifting behaviour and threaten the entire financial system, so, too, can imitation sukuk or debt-based sukuk. Second, this paper is unique in exploring the ability of equity features to curb equityholders’ incentive to engage in risk shifting behaviour. Such an examination is necessary for the wake of the global financial crisis, for researchers and economists now agree that risk shifting must be controlled.
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43

Logan, Frank H. "Energy Project Financing: Risk Analysis and Allocation." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 4, no. 2-3 (May 1986): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459878600400214.

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This paper shall address the area of risk analysis, i.e. the allocation of certain risks between the project sponsors/owners, that is the borrowers, and the Bank and the remuneration received and paid for such risks. The approach to this topic is to provide an historical perspective on these areas and to provide a few thoughts on possible future directions.
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Yousif, Zainab Jabbar, and Khawla Shihab Najim. "The Importance of Hedging Financial Engineering Products in Reducing the Risk of Trading Securities." JOURNAL OF UNIVERSITY OF BABYLON for Pure and Applied Sciences 27, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29196/jubpas.v27i2.2226.

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Financial engineering refers to the generation of new instruments or securities to meet the need of investors or refinancing providers for financing instruments, the research aims to highlight the importance of financial products in activating and developing, the stock market as a source of financing for the economy. Where the multiplicity and diversity of financial products traded in the stock market is a cornerstone of its efficiency and development, the diversification of financial products can be used as a hedge against the risk of trading securities. The research was to highlight these risks and how to reduce them, through financial engineering productsmany conclusions and recommendations have been reached.
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WIDARJONO, Agus, M. B. Hendrie ANTO, and Faaza FAKHRUNNAS. "Financing Risk in Indonesian Islamic Rural Banks: Do Financing Products Matter?" Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business 7, no. 9 (September 30, 2020): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no9.305.

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46

Gavieta, Rommel C. "Currency Exchange Risk and Financing Structure." Journal of Structured Finance 6, no. 4 (January 31, 2001): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jsf.2001.320235.

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47

Qiao, Yuhua. "Public risk management: development and financing." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 19, no. 1 (March 2007): 33–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-19-01-2007-b002.

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48

Pohulak-Żołędowska, Elżbieta. "Risk capital’s attitude to financing innovation." Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu, no. 529 (2018): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/pn.2018.529.21.

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49

Diallo, Ousmane, Tettet Fitrijanti, and Nanny Dewi Tanzil. "Analysis of The Influence of Liquidity, Credit and Operational Risk, in Indonesian Islamic Bank’s Financing for The Period 2007-2013." Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business 17, no. 3 (December 18, 2015): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.8402.

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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of credit, liquidity and operational risks in six Indonesian’s islamic banking financing products namely mudharabah, musyarakah, murabahah, istishna, ijarah and qardh, in order to try to discover whether or not Indonesian islamic banking is based on the “risk-sharing” system. This paper relies on a fixed effect model test based on the panel data analysis method, focusing on the period from 2007 to 2013. The research is an exploratory and descriptive study of all the Indonesian islamic banks that were operating in 2013. The results of this study show that the Islamic banking system in Indonesia truly has banking products based on “risk-sharing.” We found out that credit, operational and liquidity risks as a whole, have significant influence on mudarabah, musyarakah, murabahah, istishna, ijarah and qardh based financing. There is a correlation between the credit risk and mudarabah based financing, and no causal relationship between the credit risk and musharaka, murabahah, ijarah, istishna and qardh based financing. There is also correlation between the operational risk and mudarabah and murabahah based financing, and no causal relationship between the operational risk and musharaka, istishna, ijarah and qardh based financing. There is correlation between the liquidity risk and istishna based financing, and no causal relationship between the liquidity risk and musharaka, mudarabah, murabahah, ijarah and qardh based financing. A major implication of this study is the fact that there is no causal relationship between the credit risk and musharakah based financing, which is the mode of financing where the islamic bank shares the risk with its clients, but there is an influence of credit risk toward mudarabah mode financing, a financing mode where the Islamic bank bears all the risk. These findings can lead us to conclude that the Indonesian Islamic banking sector is based on the “risk sharing” system.
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50

Diallo, Ousmane, Tettet Fitrijanti, and Nanny Nanny Tanzil. "Analysis of The Influence of Liquidity, Credit and Operational Risk, in Indonesian Islamic Bank’s Financing for The Period 2007-2013." Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business 17, no. 3 (December 18, 2015): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.8507.

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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of credit, liquidity and operational risks in six Indonesian’s islamic banking financing products namely mudharabah, musyarakah, murabahah, istishna, ijarah and qardh, in order to try to discover whether or not Indonesian islamic banking is based on the “risk-sharing” system. This paper relies on a fixed effect model test based on the panel data analysis method, focusing on the period from 2007 to 2013. The research is an exploratory and descriptive study of all the Indonesian islamic banks that were operating in 2013. The results of this study show that the Islamic banking system in Indonesia truly has banking products based on “risk-sharing.” We found out that credit, operational and liquidity risks as a whole, have significant influence on mudarabah, musyarakah, murabahah, istishna, ijarah and qardh based financing. There is a correlation between the credit risk and mudarabah based financing, and no causal relationship between the credit risk and musharaka, murabahah, ijarah, istishna and qardh based financing. There is also correlation between the operational risk and mudarabah and murabahah based financing, and no causal relationship between the operational risk and musharaka, istishna, ijarah and qardh based financing. There is correlation between the liquidity risk and istishna based financing, and no causal relationship between the liquidity risk and musharaka, mudarabah, murabahah, ijarah and qardh based financing. A major implication of this study is the fact that there is no causal relationship between the credit risk and musharakah based financing, which is the mode of financing where the islamic bank shares the risk with its clients, but there is an influence of credit risk toward mudarabah mode financing, a financing mode where the Islamic bank bears all the risk. These findings can lead us to conclude that the Indonesian Islamic banking sector is based on the “risk sharing” system.
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