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Martin, Kirsten Hope. "The Transition Zone: Impact of Riverbanks on Emergent Dragonfly Nymphs. Implications for Riverbank Restoration and Management." [Yellow Springs, Ohio] : Antioch University, 2010. http://etd.ohiolink.edu/view.cgi?acc_num=antioch1268590285.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Antioch University New England, 2010.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 22, 2010). "A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Environmental Studies at Antioch University New England (2010)."--from the title page. Advisor: James Jordan, Ph.D. Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-104).
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Mesones, Aurich Laura. "Modeling microorganism transport in riverbank filtration systems." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18661.
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Groundwater flow and microorganism (Cryptosporidium parvum, Escherichia coli and MS2) transport was simulated for a Riverbank Filtration (RBF) System in the Rio Grande de Manati region of Puerto Rico. MODFLOW 2000, a 3D saturated flow model, was used to simulate groundwater flow from the river to the wells in the riverbank. RT3D, a multi-species reactive model, was used to simulate microorganism transport. Both models required several parameters: (i) hydro-geological parameters were taken from previous research done in the study area, (ii) transport parameters (attachment coefficient and linear partitioning coefficient) were estimated based on sticking efficiency values reported in the literature. Colloid Filtration Theory was used for the estimation of the transport parameters. From the estimated parameters it was determined that microorganisms would show greater mass transfer from the aqueous to the solid phase at lower porosities. A 3-D grid was built to represent the study area. Groundwater flow output from MODFLOW 2000 showed a discrepancy of only 0.08% between inflow and outflow. MODFLOW 2000 generated inflow and outflow values matched values obtained in an earlier study at the same site, using MODFLOW 96. This indicated that the model's mass balance calculations were very good. RT3D used the flow results, obtained with MODFLOW 2000, to build the transport model. The river water microorganism load was set to a constant level of 100 microorganisms/L. On the basis of a 1000-days' simulation for C. parvum and E. coli, it was shown that the RBF system could provide safer water to the Rio Grande de Manati region. However, the virus analogue MS2 would reach the well after 900 days. Simulations also demonstrated that C. parvum's removal would be more effective, compared to that of E. coli or MS2. Four different scenarios — varying aquifer porosity, pumping rates, number of wells, and intermittent pumping — were simulated to evaluate theiL'écoulement d'eaux souterraines et le transport de microorganismes (Cryptosporidium parvum, Escherichia coli and MS2) furent simulés pour un système de filtration de berge (FDB) situé dans la région de Manati de Rio Grande, au Porto Rico. Le modèle tridimensionnel d'écoulement en milieu saturé MODFLOW servit à simuler le ruissellement souterrain allant de la rivière vers des puits creusés dans la berge. RT3D, un modèle réactif plurispécifique servit à simuler le transport de microorganismes. Ensemble, les deux modèles exigèrent plusieurs paramètres: (i) les paramètres hydrogéologiques provinrent d'une étude précédente au même site, (ii) les paramètres de transport (coefficients d'attachement et de partitionnement linéaire) furent basés sur des valeurs d'efficacité d'adhésion rapportées dans la littérature. La théorie de filtration des colloïdes servit a l'évaluation des paramètres de transport. À partir de ces paramètres on peut prévoir qu'à des porosités moins élevées les microorganismes montreront un transfert de masse plus élevée entre la phase aqueuse et solide. Une grille tridimensionnelle fut établie pour représenter le secteur d'étude. Avec MODFLOW 2000, une différence de 0.08% exista entre l'apport et la sortie d'eaux de ruissellement souterraines. Les apports et sorties d'eau prédites par MODFLOW 2000 concordèrent très bien avec ceux obtenus lors d'une étude préalable au même site, indiquant l'exactitude des calculs de bilan massique du modèle. RT3D fonda son modèle de transport sur les valeurs de ruissellement souterrain calculé par MODFLOW. La charge microbienne de l'eau riveraine fut établie à un niveau constant de 100 microorganismes/L d'eau. Une simulation de 1000 jours pour C. parvum and E. coli, montra qu'un système FDB pouvait fournir une eau plus saine à région de Rio Grande de Manati. Cependant, l'analogue de virus, MS2, se rendrait au puits après 900 jours. Les simulations démo
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Ahmed, Abd Elhameed Mohamed Aly El-Dien. "Modelling the Hydraulic Erosion and Failure Processes of Cohesive Riverbanks." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215518.
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Bao, Son Trinh. "Role of riverbank filtration in the attenuation of herbicides." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2010. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/10592/.
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This thesis for the first time reports the fate and behaviour of herbicides mecoprop (MCPP) and isoproturon (IPU) in the hyporheic zone of a river bank. Two laboratory studies based on fixed-bed circulation and 14Crespirometry were developed to investigate the attenuation of the two herbicides in riverbank filtration (RBF), a means of pre-treatment of drinking water obtained from bank-side boreholes. The first laboratory study investigated the sorption and biodegradation of MCPP and IPU (100 μg L-1) in a river water (RW)-riverbed sediment (RS) system with materials obtained from a site on the River Thames at Gatehampton, England. Using a fixed-bed circulation method, approximately 18-20 % of the herbicides were removed by sorption, with the remainder removed by a high rate of biodegradation during 14 circulating days. The RS-borne microorganisms played a primary role in the biodegradation process of these herbicides, while the RW-borne microorganisms contributed very little. In addition, after a period of incubation (by 18 circulation days with IPU) the RS-borne microorganisms were able to immediately mineralise 14C-IPU (29.4 % 14CO2) while the RW-borne microorganisms were not competent to do so (1.6 % 14CO2). The second laboratory study investigated catabolic insights into IPU degradation in river water (RW), groundwater (GW) and riverbed sediment (RS). Very low maximum levels of mineralisation of IPU were observed in RW (0.4 % 14CO2) and GW (1.2 % 14CO2) while very high maximum level of mineralisation of IPU was obtained in RS (14.5 % 14CO2). Furthermore, the catabolic competence with respect to IPU was enhanced with increasing the IPU-dosed concentrations (ranging 1 – 100 μg L-1) in RS microcosm. By plotting the maximum mineralisation levels versus the residual IPU concentration (after various periods of incubation), a logarithm linear relation between the maximum mineralisation levels and IPU concentrations was obtained. This relationship suggested that higher mineralisation levels are achieved for higher IPU concentrations. Nonetheless, the catabolic activity not only was not significantly enhanced (p > 0.05) after a period of incubation (0 – 10 days) but also was greatly decreased (p < 0.05) after 30 incubation days. Based upon the experimental results, to remove the herbicides from 1 L of RW contaminated with MCPP and IPU (up to 100 μg L-1), a required volume of RS (bulk density of 1.25 ± 0.02 g cm-1 and porosity of 50.6 %) was determined to be 0.027 m3. Extent in a RBF context, it is suggested that a bank-side borehole with a capacity of 16 x 106 L day-1 and 25 % river-fed water could be protected from the river-borne herbicide pollution (up to 100 μg L-1) if the borehole is located at a minimum distance (path length) of 400 m from the river with the thickness of a RS layer to be 6 m. Collectively, the herbicides MCPP and IPU were completely degraded in a hyporheic zone of a river bank. Microorganisms originated from RS played a pivotal role in the degradation. This demonstrated that RBF is potentially a highly efficient pre-treatment method which can totally remove herbicide pollution in river. Hence, bank-side boreholes which are mainly or partly fed by induced RW may be benefit from this natural attenuation process.
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Delphia, Nicholas J. "RIVERBANK FILTRATION AS A WATER TREATMENT PROCESS: POLICY AND HYDROLOGY." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1177554944.
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Kramer, Nicholas Michael. "Writing from the riverbank Juan José Saer and the nouveau roman /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1779835511&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Kimiaghalam, Navid. "Investigating the effect of applied shear stress on cohesive riverbank erosion." Elsevier, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31519.
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Morphological changes along several channels have raised concerns in the Province of Manitoba. This thesis presents a comprehensive study of fluvial morphological processes in open channels. Due to the recent concerns in the Province of Manitoba, the study mainly focused on the Red River in the city of Winnipeg, and two diversion channels in northern Manitoba. Morphodynamic conditions of these channels have become more complicated due to the cohesive nature of the channels bed and bank material and significant effects of subaerial processes. Several field measurement techniques, experimental setups, and numerical models were used to gain a better understanding of these complicated processes within the study reaches. Field measurements include soil sampling, water sampling, hydrometric surveys using an ADCP; the experimental setup includes several standard soil properties tests as well as an erosion measurement test; numerical modelling includes hydrodynamic and thermal modelling to quantify applied shear stress and seasonal freeze-thaw processes. Moreover, the effect of deposition processes on the final geomorphology of the study areas is discussed.October 2016
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Johnston, Gloria P. "CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES OF RIVERBANK SEDIMENTS CONTAMINATED WITH POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1397761347.
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Grove, James Robin. "Downstream change in the processes of riverbank erosion along the River Swale, UK." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2001. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4429/.
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This study was designed to test the hypothesis that riverbank erosion processes altered with increasing distance from a river source. The River Swale, northern England, was monitored at nine sites throughout its 109-km length, from December 1995 – March 1998. Erosion pins, bank-edge surveying, and Photo-Electronic Erosion Pins (PEEPs) were used to determine rates and timings of erosion. The rates were compared against a range of environmental variables based on temperature, river stage, and precipitation at 14-day intervals for erosion pins and 15-minute intervals for PEEPs. This allowed processes of erosion to be inferred. Catchment erosion rates were modelled using quadratic equations, simulating a mid-basin peak of 3.58 m a\(^{-1}\). Rates of erosion were low upstream, 0.07 m a\(^{-1}\), and also downstream, 0.12 m a\(^{-1}\). Subaerial processes, especially frost action, dominated upstream. Fluvial entrainment was most influential mid-catchment. Mass failures were most efficient downstream, but were more frequent mid-catchment. Piping, sapping and cantilever failures did not follow the same trends and were modelled separately. The length of the erosion season increased downstream as the number of active processes increased.
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Van, Den Heever Arende Daniel De Waal. "An investigation of the use of groynes as a means of riverbank erosion protection." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79973.
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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Groynes are hydraulic structures typically constructed from gabions to extend from the outer bank of a river channel into the main flow. The principal uses for groynes are as river training structures, and to protect the riverbank from erosion. This is done by deflecting the current away from the riverbanks, dissipating energy and creating lower flow velocity zones, reducing the effects of erosion. Groynes have been used extensively in the Western Cape since the early 1990s as a means to protect agricultural lands. There is, however an absence of published manuals for the design of groynes around bends as a means of riverbank protection. This study was done to better understand the flow, scour and sediment deposition patterns associated with implementing a series of groynes around a bend. A physical model of a typical sinusoidal South African river was constructed in the Hydraulics Laboratory at the University of Stellenbosch. The model consisted of two succesive 90˚ bends to best simulate erosion patterns. Different layout designs for a series of groynes were tested to determine the optimal design for the given situation in terms of the projection lengths of the groynes, the spacing between the groynes as a factor of the projection length, and the orientation of the groynes with regard to the oncoming flow. An integrated software package, that was developed at the National Centre for Computational Hydroscience and Engineering, at the University of Mississippi, named CCHE2D was used to simulate the physical model numerically. The model was calibrated by adjusting the Manning‟s n value of the sediment, and the normal tailwater depth was calculated and used for the physical and numerical models. The flow rate used during the physical model experiments was also used for the numerical model. The model was validated by comparing scour depths obtained from the physical model to the resulting depth in the hydrodynamic model. From the results obtained from the physical and numerical models, it was found that groynes with a perpendicular orientation to the direction of the oncoming flow were optimal. Groynes with an upstream orientation resulted in excessive scour around the nose of the groynes, while recirculating flow patterns occurred at a velocity which caused bank failure. Groynes with a downstream orientation created very little recirculation of flow, resulting in less scour protection for the outer bank than found for groynes with perpendicular orientation. Finally, the optimal design was identified as a perpendicular groyne orientation with a projection length L and a spacing of 3.5 xL. For the given design, eddy currents covered the entire area between consecutive groynes, causing low flow zones near the outer banks, promoting sediment deposition and decreasing the potential for scour. Recommendations for further studies include the investigation of the effects of different bend radii, the sediment size, as well as various channel widths, flow rates and river slopes. The use of a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model would also be advantageous in order to better understand the flow and scour mechanics associated with different designs.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Groynes is hidrouliese strukture, tipies gebou uit skanskorwe in Suid Afrika, wat vanaf die buiteoewer van 'n rivier strek na die hoofkanaal. Groynes word hoofsaaklik aangewend as rigmure in riviere en om rivieroewers te beskerm teen erosie. Erosiebeskerming word geskep deur vloei weg te deflekteer van die rivieroewer en energie te dissipeer. Sodoende vorm areas met lae vloeisnelhede naby die oewer wat die potensiaal vir erosie verminder. Groynes is sedert die vroeë 1990s in die Wes-Kaap gebruik as 'n manier om landbougrond teen erosie te beskerm. Daar is egter 'n tekort aan gepubliseerde ontwerpriglyne vir die gebruik van groynes vir erosiebeskeriming in riviere. Hierdie studie is gedoen om die vloei-, uitskuringsen sediment neersettingspatrone, geassossiëer met die implementering van groynes, te ondersoek. 'n Fisiese model van 'n tipiese kronkelende Suid-Afrikaanse rivier is gebou in die Hidrouliese Laboratorium by die Universiteit van Stellenbosch. Die model bestaan uit twee opeenvolgende 90˚ draaie om die erosie-patrone te simuleer. Verskillende uitlegte vir 'n reeks groynes is getoets om die optimale ontwerp vas te stel in terme die projeksielengte van die groynes, die spasiëring tussen opeenvolgende groynes as 'n faktor van die projeksielengte en die oriëntasie van die groynes ten opsigte van die aankomende vloeirigting. 'n Geïntegreerde sagteware pakket wat ontwikkel is by die “National Centre for Computational Hydroscience and Engineering”, by die Universiteit van Mississippi, genaamd CCHE2D is gebruik om die fisiese eksperimente numeries te simuleer. Die model is gekalibreer deur die Manning n waarde van die sediment aan te pas, die stroomaf waterdiepte wat bereken is, en die vloeitempo wat waargeneem is tydens die fisiese eksperimente. Die model is bekragtig deur uitskuurdieptes van die fisiese- en hidrodinamiese modelle te vergelyk. Vanuit die resultate wat verkry is in die fisiese- en numeriese modelle, is daar gevind dat groynes met 'n loodregte oriëntasie met betrekking tot die aankomende vloei optimaal is. Daar is gevind dat groynes met 'n stroomop oriëntasie oormatige uitskuring rondom die neus van die groynes ondervind, terwyl hersirkulasie van vloei teen 'n hoë snelheid plaasvind, wat erosie van die oewer tot gevolg het. Groynes met 'n oriëntasie na die stroomaf kant het baie min hersirkulasie van vloei tot gevolg gehad, wat tot minder erosiebeskerming van die buitebank gelei het. Die optimale ontwerp is geïdentifiseer as groynes met loodregte oriëntasie, 'n projeksielengte van 0.675 m en 'n spasiëring van 3.5 keer die projeksielengte. Vir die gegewe ontwerp is werwelstrome gevind wat die hele area tussen opeenvolgende groynes dek, wat area van lae vloei sones veroorsaak naby die oewer, wat sediment deponering bevorder en die potensiaal vir uitskuring verminder. Aanbeveling vir verdere studies sluit die studie van die effekte van verskillende draai radiusse en die sediment-grootte in, sowel as verskillende kanaalbreedtes, vloeie en rivierhellings. Die gebruik van 'n drie-dimensionele hidrodinamiese model sal ook voordelig wees om die betrokke vloei- en uitskuringspatrone rakende verskillende ontwerpe beter te verstaan.
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Dumbrell, Melissa J. "Riverbank characteristics and stability along the upper estuarine reaches of the Moose River, northern Ontario." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ56668.pdf.
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van, Dyk Gerrit. "Translation as Katabasis and Nekyia in Seamus Heaney's "The Riverbank Field"." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3473.
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Translation has been at the heart of Seamus Heaney's career. In his poem, "The Riverbank Field," from his latest collection, Human Chain, Heaney engages in metatranslation, "Ask me to translate what Loeb gives as / 'In a retired vale...a sequestered grove' / And I'll confound the Lethe in Moyola." Curiously, with a broad spectrum of classical works at his disposal, the poet chooses a particular moment in Virgil's Aeneid as an image for translation. What is it about this conversation between Aeneas and his dead father, Anchises, at the banks of the Lethe which makes it uniquely fitting for Heaney to explore translation? In order to fully understand Heaney's decision to translate this scene from Aeneid 6, it must be clear how Heaney perceives the classical tropes of katabasis (descent into the underworld) and nekyia (communion with the dead). Due to the particularly violent and destructive history of the 20th century from the World Wars to the Holocaust, contemporary poets tend to portray katabasis and nekyia in their works as tragic (See Falconer's Hell in Contemporary Literature). Heaney subverts this view of a tragic descent and communion with the dead in his poetry, instead opting for a journey through Hell which is more optimistic and efficacious. Heaney's rejection of the contemporary tragic katabasis and nekyia allows these classical tropes to become a metaphor for translation. I argue Heaney demonstrates how he views translation and the role of the translator through this metatranslational instance in "The Riverbank Field." For Heaney, not only can a poet descend to the underworld where spirits of the literary dead wait for translation into a new medium, but the translator actually can succeed in bringing an ancient author to a modern readership.
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Sandhu, Cornelius Sukhinder Singh. "A Concept for the Investigation of Riverbank Filtration Sites for Potable Water Supply in India." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-208460.
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Die Uferfiltration (UF) ist eine potentielle Alternative zur konventionellen Oberflächenwasseraufbereitung in Indien, da Trübstoffe, pathogene Mikroorganismen und organische Wasserinhaltsstoffe effektiv entfernt werden. In dieser Arbeit wurde erstmals ein umfangreicher Überblick zu bestehenden UF-Anlagen in Indien erarbeitet. Für die Standorterkundung und -bewertung wurde ein Konzept erarbeitet, das an drei Standorten entlang des Ganges getestet und weiterentwickelt wurde. Das Konzept umfasst vier Stufen: Standortvorerkundung, Bestimmung von Grundwasserleiterparametern, Erfassung von hydraulischen und Beschaffenheits-parametern sowie numerische Grundwasser-strömungsmodellierung. Entlang des oberen Flusslaufes des Ganges (Haridwar und Srinagar) wurden günstige geohydraulische Verhältnisse identifiziert (kf = 10E-4 bis 10E-3 m/s, Grundwasser leitermächtigkeit 11 bis 20 m). Entlang des unteren Flusslaufes (Patna) gibt es in Abhängigkeit von der Mächtigkeit der Sedimentablagerungen im Ganges nur bei erhöhter Schleppkraft im Monsun eine gute hydraulische Verbindung zwischen dem Fluss und dem Grundwasserleiter. In Haridwar wurde der Uferfiltratanteil im Rohwasser mittels Isotopenanalysen (δ18O) und Leitfähigkeitsmessungen im Fluss- und Rohwasser ermittelt. Der Uferfiltratanteil in den auf einer Insel und südlich davon gelegenen Brunnen liegt bei bis zu 90%. An den untersuchten Standorten wird durch die UF eine effektive Entfernung von E. coli um 3,5 bis 4,4 Log10 und der Trübung bis >2 Log10 Einheiten erreicht. Eine Entfernung von 3 Log10 Einheiten wurde bereits bei einer Fließzeit des Uferfiltrats von zwei Tagen beobachtet. Die erhöhte Anzahl an Coliformen in einigen Brunnen am Standort Haridwar resultiert aus Verunreinigungen des landseitigen Grundwassers. Bei Hochwässern und Starkregenereignissen muss eine Kontamination durch den direkten Eintrag von Wasser durch undichte Brunnenabdeckungen, Risse in den Schächten bzw. unsachgemäßen Brunnenbau berücksichtigt werden. Die Anwendung des angepassten Untersuchungskonzepts an 15 weiteren UF-Standorten in Indien hat gezeigt, dass die niedrigen DOC-Konzentrationen im Flusswasser (0,9 bis 3,0 mg/L) und im Brunnenwasser (0,4 bis 2,3 mg/L) günstig für die Anwendung der UF sind. Bei erhöhten DOC-Konzentrationen (Vormonsun) im Flusswasser konnte in Delhi und Mathura im Monsun eine 50%ige Verminderung erreicht werden. Bei der Erkundung neuer UF-Standorte in bergigen Gebieten sind die Grundwasserleitermächtigkeit mit geophysikalischen Erkundungsverfahren, die Strömungsverhältnisse in den alluvialen Ablagerungen sowie lokale Hochwasserrisiken zu untersuchenRiverbank filtration or bank filtration (RBF / BF) is a potential alternative to the direct abstraction and conventional treatment of surface water by virtue of the effective removal of pathogens, turbidity, suspended particles and organic substances. A comprehensive overview of existing RBF systems in India has been compiled for the first time. To systematically select and investigate new and existing potential RBF sites in India, a methodological concept was developed and tested at three sites along the Ganga River. The four stages of the concept are: initial site-assessment, basic site-survey, monitoring of water quality and quantity parameters and determination of aquifer parameters and numerical groundwater flow modelling. Suitable geohydraulic conditions for RBF (hydraulic conductivity: 10E-4 to 10E-3 m/s, aquifer thickness: 11 to 20 m) exist along the upper course of the Ganga (Haridwar and Srinagar). Due to the presence of fine sediment layers beneath the river bed along the Ganga’s lower course (Patna), river-aquifer interaction occurs during increased shear stress on the riverbed in monsoon. The portion of bank filtrate abstracted by the wells in Haridwar was determined from isotope analyses (Oxygen 18) and electrical conductivity measurements of river and well water and is up to 90% for wells located on an island and between the river and a canal. The results were confirmed by groundwater flow modelling. A high removal of E. coli (3.5 to 4.4 Log10 units) and turbidity (>2 Log10 units) was observed at the investigated sites. An E. coli removal of 3 Log10 units was observed for short travel times of 2 days. Higher coliform counts in some wells occur due to contamination from landside groundwater. During floods and intense rainfall events, contamination of RBF wells from direct entry of flood water, seepage of surface runoff into the well through leaky covers, fissures in the well-heads / caissons and in-appropriately sealed well-bases has to be considered. The application of the adapted investigation concept to 15 other sites in India showed that the low DOC concentrations in river water (0.9 to 3.0 mg/L) and well-water (0.4 to 2.3 mg/L) are favourable for the application of RBF. A 50% decrease of the high (pre-monsoon) DOC concentration was observed during monsoon in Delhi and Mathura. For the exploration of new RBF sites in hilly / mountainous areas, investigations of the aquifer thickness using geophysical methods, subsurface flow conditions in the alluvial deposits and the risk from floods should be conducted
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Liu, Da. "Assessing the role of riverbank vegetation on stream hydrodynamics with implications for the transport of solids." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8980/.
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The objective of this thesis is to investigate the impact of riverbank vegetation densities, which can vary greatly in natural river systems, on the flow hydrodynamics across the whole channel. A series of flume experiments are conducted with various riverbank vegetation densities and configurations. Flow velocities across the whole channel are recorded by either acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV) or acoustic Doppler velocimetry profiler (ADVP). Firstly, the performances of ADV and ADVP are assessed, before the impact of probe configurations on experimental results is evaluated for ADVP. The accuracy of the probe is discussed, and the best probe configurations for the given flow are suggested. The flow velocity progressively reduces at the vegetated riverbank and slightly increases at the main channel with increasing riverbank vegetation density. Turbulence intensity at the middle of the main channel and the riverbank toe increases with increasing vegetation density. However, at the riverbank region, turbulence intensity decreases due to the dramatic reduction of flow velocity. Geomorphic process feedback is given in the form of a case study, and practical recommendations for river restoration are provided. Bulk velocity, which is relevant to flow conveyance, is evaluated at each portion (main channel and riverbank) of the channel. In general, bulk velocity slightly increases at the main channel but dramatically decreases at the riverbank with increasing vegetation densities. The result of Nikuradse’s equivalent roughness also shows an increasing trend with increasing vegetation density. Bed shear stress is estimated using several methods, including the log Law of the Wall, turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds stresses. The results obtained using all three methods show that bed shear stress considerably increases at the main channel and sharply decreases at the riverbank region for the shear stress with dense riverbank vegetation compared to the no vegetation case. Impulse is introduced as a new criterion to assess sediment transport both at the free stream portion and at the vegetated region in turbulent flow. With a range of reasonably assumed critical velocities and critical impulses, the frequency of impulse closely follows the same trend observed for shear stresses across the channel width.
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Nemecek, Matthew G. "Determination of Variations in Streambed Conductance along Paint Creek through Riverbank Filtration – An Indirect Modeling Approach." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1308700581.
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Idris, Omonigho. "Temporal variability of riverbed conductance at the Bolton Well Field along the Great Miami River, Southwest Ohio: Characterization of riverbed sediments during low-flow conditions." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1146764820.
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Menton, Sara. "Authenticity and the Copy: Analyzing Western Connoisseurship of Chinese Painting through the Works of Zhang Daqian." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/17918.
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This thesis examines conflicting attitudes regarding artistic authenticity and differing approaches to connoisseurship vis-à-vis the field of Chinese art and its reception in Europe and North America. Although this thesis examines both Chinese and Western approaches to the copy and highlights different cultural methods, this is not a Chinese versus the West argument. This thesis displays how concepts are combined in the Western art field to reach differing conclusions about a painting's authenticity. Specifically, this thesis analyzes the art of Chinese painter Zhang Daqian (1899-1983) and the debate surrounding Along the Riverbank, a painting in the Metropolitan Museum of Art's collection attributed to 10th century Chinese painter Dong Yuan (c. 934-c. 962). Many believe this painting is one of Zhang's forgeries. The controversies surrounding Zhang's art and forgeries reveal diverging conceptions of art education and methods of determining authenticity and the complexities of evaluating Chinese art in non-Chinese academic contexts.
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Tutkaluk, Jeffrey M. "The effect of seasonal variations in the Red River and upper carbonate aquifer on riverbank stability in Winnipeg." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0015/MQ53130.pdf.
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Knappett, Peter. "Evaluating the Effects of Grain Size and Divalent Cation Concentration on the Attenuation of Viruses and Microspheres through Crushed Silica Sand." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/906.
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Over the last decade in North America, an increasing number of microbiological drinking water regulations have been used to manage groundwater resources that are potentially influenced by surface water. Regulations such as the Ontario Ministry of Environment Regulation 505, which requires at least a 60 day groundwater travel time between surface waters and drinking water wells, have been created with limited understanding of subsurface pathogen transport processes. Groundwater Under Direct Influence studies (GUDI or GWUDI in USA) are conducted to assess the need to treat well water at an extraction point. Currently, there is a lack of knowledge regarding factors that affect the transport of pathogens through porous media at the surface water-groundwater interface. Such information is required to supply sufficient quantities of drinking water in a cost effective and safe manner. Factors that affect pathogen transport through porous media include: properties of the pathogen (i. e. surface charge, size, and morphology), properties of the granular media (i. e. mineralogy, size, texture, angularity) and properties of the water (i. e. pH, ionic strength and content, and natural organic matter). This study examines the effects of ionic strength, grain size and influent virus concentrations on pathogen transport in porous media. Fourteen column tests were conducted using the bacteriophage MS2 and 1. 5 µm microspheres; two commonly used non-pathogenic surrogates representative of human viruses and bacteria, respectively. Two size distributions of crushed silica sand, with median grain diameters of 0. 7 and 0. 34 mm, and two ionic strengths of 8 and 95 mmol/L were used. A 22 partial factorial design was used with a minimum of two replicates of each combination of the parameters.
The results show that complete breakthrough of both viruses and microspheres occurred in medium sand at low ionic strength. It was found that increasing ionic strength by Ca2+ addition precluded breakthrough of MS2 in both the medium and fine sands. This represents a greater than 8 log reduction in peak effluent concentration and essentially complete attenuation.
In fine sand, with low ionic strength water, a 5 log reduction in peak MS2 concentrations was observed. In the same sand at high ionic strength, no MS2 broke through the column, corresponding to a greater than 8 log removal. Since complete attenuation occurred in both grain sizes at high ionic strength, the effect of higher ionic strength in the fine sand was indistinguishable from the effect observed from raising the ionic strength in the medium sand.
In contrast to the viruses, microsphere transport was essentially unaffected by increasing ionic strength under the conditions investigated. A 1 log reduction in peak concentration was observed in the high ionic strength water in the medium sand. In spite of this, grain size had a profound effect on the attenuation of microspheres. There was no evidence of microsphere breakthrough in any of the fine sand columns at the low or high ionic strengths, yielding a greater than 5 log reduction in microsphere concentration associated with grain size alone. The effect of varying virus concentration was also investigated. It was found that varying the concentration of viruses between 105 and 107 pfu/ml had no discernable effect on their observed transport characteristics; normalised peak breakthrough concentration, percent attenuation and retardation relative to a bromide tracer.
Based on the results from this Thesis, in a riverbank filtration environment, there is reason to expect that, at comparable water qualities and in similar porous media, multiple logarithmic reductions of viruses and bacteria would occur over the much longer (than column length) flowpaths associated with RBF. There is also reason to expect this attenuation capability to vary based on riverbank grain size and water chemistry.
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Lorenzen, Gunnar [Verfasser]. "Riverbank filtration in Delhi, India : insights from hydrogeological field investigations and perspectives for a water-stressed megacity / Gunnar Lorenzen." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1026358612/34.
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Sentebova, Valeriia. "Brněnské nábřeží - rehabilitace brněnských řek a jejich blízkého okolí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-355001.
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The main objective of this diploma thesis is to create a project of revitalization of the Svitava riverbank. he project is based on a classic block area that follows the surrounding streets. The proposed solution of the project, built on the Svitava river in Zábrdovice, presents new open space that will revive the entire area along the river. This urban design comes with a proposal that defines the embankment as an attractive space that should be perceived as a connecting point.
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Wollny, Julia-Teresa [Verfasser]. "Effects of river regulation measures on floristic diversity and possibilities for its promotion in riverbank habitats along German Federal Waterways / Julia-Teresa Wollny." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1216142904/34.
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Davidsson, Matilda. "Grieving the Ungrievable: Searching for Home through Nonhuman Becoming in Hiromi Itō’s Wild Grass on the Riverbank and Elizabeth-Jane Burnett’s The Grassling." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104195.
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This thesis aims to examine non-human agency in Elizabeth Jane Burnett’s The Grassling and Hiromi Itō’s Wild Grass on the Riverbank. Using a theoretical framework based on material ecocriticism, queer ecology and affect theory, the thesis explores how Burnett’s and Itō’s poetic narratives reconfigure the relationship between human and nonhuman in non-anthropocentric ways with the help of the irreal. The thesis discusses how the texts reimagine desire, moving from a Freudian view in which desire is repressed, to an understanding of desire as becoming as expressed by Deleuze. In the stories, humans metamorphose into plants, showing the interconnectedness of all matter and the importance of care exceeding species. These strands of the narratives contest anthropocentrism, and by extension also the heteropatriarchy to which it is related. Grief over traumatic experiences like family loss and migration in the stories are shown to be related to the loss of a planetary home as a result of climate change.
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Cavaille, Paul. "Biodiversité spécifique et fonctionnelle des berges de cours d'eau : caractérisation des ouvrages de protection de berges suivant un gradient de "naturalité"." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENV051.
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Les berges de cours d'eau constituent des zones d'interface (ou écotones) entre milieux terrestres et aquatiques, elles présentent une très grande richesse biologique, tant pour la flore que pour la faune. Les berges jouent également un rôle majeur de corridor biologique pour les vertébrés et les invertébrés. L'anthropisation croissante de ces milieux conduit fréquemment à leur stabilisation avec des techniques de protection de berges. Ces techniques de protection sont nombreuses et variées. Certains ouvrages sont purement minéraux et uniquement constitués de béton ou d'enrochement, d'autres par contre sont entièrement constitués de matériaux vivants et biodégradables (boutures, géotextiles, pieux…). Enfin, certains ouvrages sont dits «mixtes» et associent matériaux minéraux (enrochements, grillages…) et vivants. Le type de matériaux et leurs conditions de mise en oeuvre vont influer sur les capacités d'accueil de la biodiversité de ces différents ouvrages.L'objectif de ce travail est de quantifier et d'analyser la biodiversité taxonomique et fonctionnelle de ces berges aménagées, dans la perspective de contribuer à l'amélioration du fonctionnement écologique de ces milieux et des services écosystémiques associés.Dans ce travail nous avons évalué les diversités taxonomiques et fonctionnelles des plantes vasculaires terrestres, des coléoptères aériens et des macroinvertébrés benthiques présents en pied de berge de plusieurs types d'aménagement de berge. Ces résultats ont fait l'objet d'une analyse comparative avec ceux des berges de référence subnaturelles à saulaies basses.Nous avons ainsi montré que les techniques issues du génie végétal engendraient des diversités taxonomiques et fonctionnelles, animales et végétales, significativement plus grandes que celles observées sur les aménagements issus du génie civil. D'autre part, la compétition interspécifique sur les aménagements issus du génie végétal limite le développement et l'invasion des espèces végétales néophytes. Enfin, la structure et le fonctionnement des communautés d'organismes terrestres et aquatiques sont largement dépendants de la technique d'aménagement et des conditions biotiques et abiotiques associéesRiverbanks are interfaces (or ecotones) between terrestrial and aquatic areas, they have a great biodiversity for both flora and fauna. Riverbanks also contribute to the set up of the biological corridor for vertebrates and invertebrates migrations. The increasing human impact on these environments often leads to their stabilization using several bank protection techniques. These techniques are many and varied. Some techniques are purely mineral and only consist of concrete or rock; others consist entirely of organic or even living materials (Geotextiles, cuttings, woody stakes...). Finally, some works are identified as "mixed" and they combine mineral (stones, blocs...) and alive materials. The material constitution and their implementation will affect the biodiversity of each riverbank work.This study aims to quantify and analyze the taxonomic and functional biodiversity of the riverbank works in order to improve our understanding of the ecological functioning of these anthropogenic areas and associated ecosystem services.In this work, we surveyed taxonomic and functional diversities of vascular land plants, flying and ground beetles and benthic macroinvertebrates supported on each riverbank and according to bank management type. These results have been benchmarked with subnatural low willow stand banks taken as control banks.We show that techniques stemmed from bioengineering lead to significantly larger plant and animal, taxonomic and functional diversity, than those surveyed on riverbanks stemmed from civil engineering. On the other hand, interspecific competition on the bioengineering techniques limits the development and invasion of plant species neophytes. Finally, community structures and functioning of terrestrial and aquatic organisms are largely dependent on the riverbank technique and associated biotic and abiotic conditions
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Bartoňová, Lucie. "Veřejné prostory a zeleň v urbanistické struktuře bývalé továrny T. Bati ve Zlíně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216000.
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Revitalization of public spaces of the former Tomáš Baťa's factory in Zlin, which is going to become a part of the city. Introducting the human scale between the industrial buildings by installing urban elements, street furniture and greenery. The design works with the former factory like a new city center.
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Birck, Matthew D. "TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF RIVERBED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY AT AN INDUCED INFILTRATION SITE, SOUTHWEST OHIO." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1154693775.
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Bränd, Emelie, and Ann-Mari Olofsson. "Experiments and simulations of the flow velocity distribution downstream the Xiluodu hydropower station." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-143818.
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Hydropower is a more environmental friendly way of producing electric power than many other alternatives today. Though, the effects of constructing mega dams are much tangible for the local eco systems in addition to changing many people’s lives forever. In order to prevent floods, riverbank erosions or landslides, proper investigations of the environmental impact from dam constructions must be performed. One of the key parameters in such investigations is the flow discharge velocity. This master thesis treats experimental measurements and numerical simulations of the velocity downstream a model of Xiluodu dam. The Xiluodu dam is a mega dam under construction in China and will have a total capacity of 12 600 MW when completed. The model is in scale 1:100 and the experiments have been performed at Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. The velocity profile shows that the velocity in the middle of the river is larger than the velocity at the surface and near the riverbank. The comparison between the measured and the simulated velocities shows a difference of less than 20 percent in almost all points which can be considered as a good result. In those points where the difference is more than 20 percent, this is believed to be due to the position of these points. Some of them were located near a vortex and others very close to the bottom. This is a problem when sparsely measured topography in combination with linear interpolation makes the boundaries of the simulations incorrect. In order to perform better simulations, more densely topography data and better flow boundary conditions should be used. More measuring points of the velocity could also improve the result.
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Skoumal, Jan. "Rozvoj území ostrova Štvanice v Praze." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216010.
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This work, its task coming from an architectural and urban design competition requested by the city of Prague, gives a proposal of a new definition of the island of Štvanice in Prague. It deals with the problems of incorporating into the urban structure, connection to the main transport routes, functional usage of the island by choosing suiting schedules with urban functions. The proposals of objects, new spatial layout of the public spaces of the island, using the Vltava river's potential, its embankment and cultivation are the main themes of this work.
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Andrade, José Hamilton Ribeiro. "Dinâmica de margens em rios semiáridos: aplicações metodológicas no rio Jaguaribe – Ceará – Brasil." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2016. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/543.
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The erosion of a riverbank is a natural phenomenon, being it very dynamic and capable of being accelerated by human activities. The understanding of riverbank erosion is crucial for studies related to fluvial geomorphology, because this phenomenon causes environmental disturbances, thus it can lead to problems of social and economic order. Most of the studies on riverbanks erosion were developed in temperate regions and in small watersheds of rivers. In Brazilian territory, some work was carried out in the Paraná River basin. In semi-arid regions such as the Northeast Brazil, few studies like these were developed. In rivers located in semi-arid regions, the erosive processes are observed with greater magnitude in above average rainy seasons, which favors the occurrence of the level of full riverbanks, contributing to the widening of the canal. This is quite different from rivers located in more humid regions in which the flow and rainfall are more regular, thus the widening of the river is most common. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of riverbank erosion in the Jaguaribe River, in its lower course, precisely in Quixeré town. The Jaguaribe River is one of the main rivers of Ceará, it is a semiarid river and it has its subsidiaries controlled by dams. For that it have been selected over a stretch of 10 km of the river in nine sections which were grouped into three areas types, that is: preserved areas, partially preserved areas and degraded areas. The setbacks of the monitored riverbanks were followed monthly via the pin method. Also, some soil samples were collected to determine the root density at the riverbanks, besides the application of an Infiltration test based on Maia (2014). Satellite images from 1980 and 2014 were worked for checking the uses and land use in the study area, and to analyze the morphological changes of the river. The results showed that the volume eroded in the sections monitored was considered low, degraded areas have higher volumes eroded, comparing the conserved and partially preserved areas. For the study period (June / 2014 to May / 2015) the main factor responsible for riverbank erosion was the precipitation, even this have been below the historical average. Flow rates and the change in river levels have been not decisive for erosion during the study period. Among the uses observed in the fluvial plains, pastures and irrigated agriculture stand out, suppressing the riparian forest that acts in the stability of the riverbanks. The main erosion observed in the stretch under study has been the laminar riverbank erosion, corrosion, collapse by shearing and the collapse by tipping. With this, it was found that the ciliary vegetation contributes strongly on the stability of riverbanks, minimizing erosion. The low erosive rates are related to reduced rainfall occurred in the area and it may have very high volumes in more rainy years and with higher flow rates
A erosão das margens de um rio é um fenômeno natural, sendo o mesmo muito dinâmico e passível de ser acelerado pelas atividades humanas. O entendimento da erosão marginal é fundamental, para os estudos relacionados a geomorfologia fluvial, pois além de proporcionar desequilíbrios ambientais, este processo pode acarretar problemas de ordem social e econômica. A maioria dos estudos sobre erosão de margens foram desenvolvidos em rios de regiões temperadas e em rios de pequenas bacias de drenagem, no território brasileiros alguns trabalhos foram realizados na bacia do rio Paraná, em regiões semiáridas, como é o caso da região do Nordeste brasileiros, poucos trabalhos nesta linha foram desenvolvidos. Em rios situados em regiões semiáridos, os processos erosivos são observados com maior magnitude em épocas de chuvas acima da média, o que favorece a ocorrência do nível de margens plenas, contribuindo, para o alargamento do canal. Isto é completamente diferente dos rios localizados em regiões mais úmidas no qual as vazões e precipitações são mais regulares, desta forma o alargamento do rio é mais frequente. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a dinâmica dos processos de erosão de margens no rio Jaguaribe, no seu baixo curso, precisamente no município de Quixeré. O rio Jaguaribe é um dos principais mananciais do Estado do Ceará, o mesmo é um rio semiárido e apresenta suas vazões controladas por açudes. Para isto foram selecionadas ao longo de um trecho de 10 km do rio nove seções que foram agrupadas em três tipos áreas, ou seja, áreas conservadas, áreas parcialmente conservadas e áreas degradadas. Os recuos das margens monitoradas foram acompanhados mensalmente, através do método dos pinos. Também foram coletadas amostras de solo para determinar a densidade de raiz nas margens, além da aplicação de um teste de Infiltração baseado em Maia (2014). Imagens de satélite de 1980 e 2014 foram trabalhadas para verificações dos usos e ocupações do solo na área de estudo, e analisar as mudanças morfológicas do rio. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o volume erodido nas seções monitoradas foi considerado baixo, as áreas degradadas apresentaram maiores volumes erodidos, comparadas as áreas conservadas e parcialmente conservadas. Para o período avaliado (junho/2014 a maio/2015) a principal condicionante responsável pela erosão marginal foram as precipitações, mesmo estas terem ficado abaixo da média histórica. As vazões e a variação do nível do rio não foram determinantes para erosão no período estudado. Entre os usos observados na planície fluvial, as pastagens e agricultura irrigada se destacam, suprimindo a vegetação ciliar que atua na estabilidade das margens. Os principais processos erosivos observados no trecho em estudo foram a erosão laminar das margens, a corrosão, desmoronamento por cisalhamento e o desmoronamento por basculamento. Com isso, verificou-se que a vegetação ciliar contribui fortemente na estabilidade das margens, minimizando os processos erosivos. As baixas taxas erosivas estão relacionadas as reduzidas precipitações ocorridas na área, podendo apresentar volumes bem elevados em anos mais chuvosos e com vazões mais elevadas
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Gröschke, Maike [Verfasser]. "Transport and Fate of Ammonium at a Riverbank Filtration Site in Delhi (India) : Assessment of the Groundwater Contamination, Treatment Strategies and Recommendations for an Adapted Management / Maike Gröschke." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1102197130/34.
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Jalais, Savitri. "Développement des ghâts à Bénarès : dispositif architectural et espace urbain." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1054.
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L'image de la ville de Bénarès (Kāśī, Varanasi) est liée à son ensemble de ghāṭ – berges en forme de gradins – qui se déploie de façon monumentale sur la rive concave d'un méandre du Gange. L'aménagement de ce front d'eau s'inscrit dans un contexte culturel particulier qui nécessite un rapport de proximité avec l'eau du fleuve. La construction et le développement de ce front d'eau dans le temps et la manière composite dont les éléments architecturaux s'y sont intégrés, interrogent aujourd'hui cette grande unité urbaine qui forme un espace public de plus de 6 km de long. L'objectif de cette thèse est de comprendre les éléments qui ont concouru à la naissance et au développement de ce front. La forme architecturale et urbaine du ghāṭ est considérée comme un dispositif construit modulable adapté à un milieu fluvial, à une topographie et à des pratiques liées à la culture du lieu, qui facilite l'accès à l'eau quel que soit son niveau. M'appuyant sur des images anciennes, sur une série d'enquêtes de terrain et de relevés architecturaux, ainsi que sur des plans de travaux officiels, j'étudie les techniques de construction face aux contraintes de l'eau, j'observe et j'analyse le dialogue de cette forme de berge avec la géographie et le paysage urbain pour en mieux approcher son architecture et j'explique la matérialisation du ghāṭ par les pratiques diverses qui s'y déploient et les parcours symboliques qui y font référence. La relation toute particulière que la ville entretient avec son fleuve par l'architecture des ghāṭ explique son potentiel urbanistique inhérent à son développement dans le temps et le long de la bergeThe image of Benares (Kāśī, Varanasi) is closely associated to the architecture of its riverfront composed of ghats – steps and terraces – that stretch out in a monumental way on the concave bank of a meander formed by the river Ganges. The expansion of this riverfront has to be understood in relation to a cultural tradition that demands a close proximity to the waters of the river. The construction and development of this riverfront in time and the various ways in which each architectural element is integrated with the river bank, calls into question its impressive urban unity that forms a public space extending more than 6 km. The aim of this thesis is to identify the elements that have contributed to the origin and the development of this front. The architectural and urban form of the ghat is considered as a constructed flexible device adapted to a specific river environment, a characteristic topography and to practices linked to the culture of the place, which allows for easy access to the varying levels of the river's water level. Based on pictorial archives, interviews, measure drawings done on site and on official planners' drawings, I examine the techniques of hydraulic constructions best adapted to counter the river's currents, I observe and analyze the relations between the riverbank, the geography and the urban landscape so as to better approach the ghats' architecture and I explain the materialization of the ghat through the diverse practices and the symbolic trajectories that surround it. The particular relation that the city entertains with its river, through the architecture of ghats, explains its urban potential inherent to its development in time and space i.e. along its river bank
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Škapová, Veronika. "VODA + MĚSTO AQUADOMOS příběh řeky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215844.
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The architectural proposal is situated by the river Svratka nearby the city center of Brno. The proposed object turns its back to very busy street and opens to the river. It creates a city riverbank which is open to the public. The volume of the object reminds a wave. The object contains three main functions - exposition, information and research. The Exposition is based on the phenomenon of water. The Informations are placed in proposed auditorium, cafe and small gallery. The research is situated in laboratories and public study rooms.
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Karrasch, Pierre, and Sebastian Hunger. "Determination of bank structures and river width variations using remote sensing data." SPIE, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34860.
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The European Water Framework Directive commits the member states to achieve the good ecological status for all waterbodies. For this purpose on the level of the national states monitoring programs are established with the aim to verify the actual status by means of regular surveys. Already in the past remote sensing data in conjunction with methods of geospatial data analysis revealed the added value in terms of monitoring strategies regarding the European Water Framework Directive. Depending on the type of data they can be used for example for the determination of several parameters of rivers and streams. The present analyses show how it is possible to determine the parameter of width variation of small and medium rivers based on digital orthophotos. Because this parameter strongly depends on the geometric quality of the riverbank line, its determination is given particular attention. It turns out that mainly riparian vegetation has a large impact on the visibility of the riverbank line. In a multi-stage process different methods for the identification of affected areas are developed with the aim to reconstruct the true riverbank line in a second step. Finally these data form the basis for the determination of river width variations.
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Zhou, Yan [Verfasser], Rudolf [Gutachter] Liedl, Olaf [Gutachter] Kolditz, and Holger [Gutachter] Weiß. "Development of a GIS and model-based method for optimizing the selection of locations for drinking water extraction by means of riverbank filtration / Yan Zhou ; Gutachter: Rudolf Liedl, Olaf Kolditz, Holger Weiß." Dresden : Technische Universität Dresden, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1227833202/34.
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Sandhu, Cornelius Sukhinder Singh [Verfasser], Peter-Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Gräber, Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Grischek, Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Werner, and Pradeep [Gutachter] Kumar. "A Concept for the Investigation of Riverbank Filtration Sites for Potable Water Supply in India / Cornelius Sukhinder Singh Sandhu ; Gutachter: Peter-Wolfgang Gräber, Thomas Grischek, Pradeep Kumar ; Peter-Wolfgang Gräber, Thomas Grischek, Peter Werner." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1114067970/34.
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Sandhu, Cornelius Sukhinder Singh [Verfasser], Peter-Wolfgang Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Gräber, Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Grischek, Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Werner, and Pradeep [Gutachter] [Kumar. "A Concept for the Investigation of Riverbank Filtration Sites for Potable Water Supply in India / Cornelius Sukhinder Singh Sandhu ; Gutachter: Peter-Wolfgang Gräber, Thomas Grischek, Pradeep Kumar ; Peter-Wolfgang Gräber, Thomas Grischek, Peter Werner." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1114067970/34.
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Malina, Pavel. "Nová nábřeží - skrytý potenciál Svitavského náhonu v Brně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215571.
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Bc. Pavel Malina, , Architecture and Urbanism, Department of Design V., Faculty of Architecture Brno University of Technology 2009, 42 pages Diploma Thesis, Tutor doc. Ing. arch. Karel Havli, Faculty of Architecture Brno University of Technology The main focus of this thesis is an urban and an architectural design of the postindustrial area alongside the Svitavy raceway in Brno, particularly with chosen area from Křenová street to railway corridor behind Lidl market. This thesis is intended to find hidden potential of the Svitavy race in the urban environment, especially to renew and build new public areas dedicated to pedestrians and cyclists. Proposed solution is also trying to find new functional utilization of the current area along the both race shores. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis describes the urban development of the city, its history and the development of Brno region as well as rivers in its district. It examines and analyses the prerequisites of the area affecting the design. Complete description and specifications of the projected design are to be found here. The drawing part deals with the graphic analysis of the area as well as the concretization of prerequisites influencing the design and solves the complete urban design together with the designated local views of the area.
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Špirková, Silvia. "Nová Jižní čtvrť a její propojení s řekou Svratkou." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400112.
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The assignment of the diploma thesis follows the pre-diploma project of an urbanistic design - New South District and its Connection to Svratka. The subject of the thesis is a design of the apartment building on the riverside of Svratka. The thesis has a form of architectonic study. The architectural design is interconnected with surrounding built-up area and preserves the existing height level. It also respects the definened riverside. The construction has a shape of the letter "U" opening towards the river. The shift of the north "wing" of the building creats widened "inner block". It offers diverse views on the river and accentuates an "incorporation" of the river to inner block. The residential building has six floors and two underground parking floors. It is devided into 7 units with separate entrances. The proposed part of the building is located directly on the riverbank. It includes 16 housing units and one leasable space.
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Côté, Dany. "Price et Riverbend : splendeur et declin d'une ville de compagnie /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1993. http://theses.uqac.ca.
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Moggert, Monika. "VEŘEJNÝ MĚSTSKÝ PROSTOR – ZNOJMO – NÁBŘEŽÍ ŘEKY DYJE." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216183.
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Theme of my work is arguable for the cities which are situated near the river. Riverbanks are really nice public space but a lot of them are not "designed for people". Before I started do this work I was thinking about places which are ignored or overlooked in Znojmo town. Yes, town has a lot of places which are interesting and need "new face". There are brownfiels but problems of these localities was designed many times. And I wanted to find some new way, try restore and improve public space in connecting by the river. I chose locality which connect two important buildings – Znojmo castle and Louka monastery. There is needed to improve connection this locality to town centre.
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Kieffer, Sandy. "Les fleuves urbains, une opportunité ou une rupture en matière d’aménagement du territoire : une analyse comparative entre la Havel et la Spree à Berlin ainsi que la Tamise à Londres." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040133.
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Berlin et Londres sont traversées par des fleuves. La Tamise s’écoule après 346 km dans la Mer du Nord. Berlin est traversée par la Spree et la Havel ; la Spree a une longueur de 400 km et la Havel de 325 km ; ces fleuves sont connectés par l’Elbe à la Mer du Nord. La population s’est sédentarisée sur les bords des fleuves à cause de la présence d’eau potable. À partir du Moyen - Âge, la situation a changé. Les gens ont utilisé le fleuve afin d’éliminer les eaux usées de la ville et des marchandises ont été transportées par la voie fluviale. Autrefois, des industries ont bordé ces fleuves. Aujourd’hui, ils n’occupent plus ces fonctions et les friches industrielles peuvent être réaménagées. Ces fleuves urbains peuvent créer soit une rupture, soit une opportunité en matière d’aménagement du territoire. Chaque métropole a ses propres conceptions d’aménagement. De nombreux projets d’aménagement sur les friches industrielles ont été déjà réalisés comme celui des Docklands à Londres et le projet Museumsinsel à Berlin. La mixité fonctionnelle avec la création de logements, de tertiaire supérieur et d’espaces verts est prédominante dans le projet des Docklands à Londres. Le projet Museumsinsel est orienté vers la culture. Le problème de la gentrification apparaît avec ces projets. Beaucoup d’habitants qui vivent dans ces quartiers ne peuvent plus payer les loyers croissants et doivent quitter leurs logements dans la capitale. Les berges seront -Elles seulement destinées à la classe aisée ou à tout public ? Par conséquent, les projets peuvent créer une rupture territoriale. Mais les projets d’aménagement sont une opportunité quand ils s’intègrent dans le tissu urbain existantBerlin and London are crossed by rivers. The River Thames flows after 346 km in the North Sea. Berlin is crossed by the Spree and the Havel. The Spree has a length of 400 km and the Havel of 325 km; these two rivers are connected by the Elbe to the North Sea. The population was sedentary on the river banks due to the presence of drinking water. From the Middle – Ages, the situation has changed. The people used the river to eliminate wastewater from the city and transport goods by the waterway. In the past, the industries have bordered these rivers. Today, they no longer occupy these functions and the industrial wastelands can be redeveloped. These urban rivers can either create a city break or an opportunity in terms of planning. Each metropolis has its own conceptions. Many urban projects on industrial wastelands have already been realized such as the London Docklands and the Museumsinsel project in Berlin. On the one hand, the functional mix with the creation of housing, trade, services and green areas is predominant in the project of the Docklands in London. On the other hand, the Museumsinsel project is directed towards the culture. The problem of gentrification appears with these projects. Many inhabitants who live in these districts can no longer pay the increasing rents and must leave their homes in the metropolis. Will the riverbanks be only intended for the upper class people or at any public ? Therefore, the projects can create a territorial rupture. But, urban projects can also be an opportunity, when they fit into the existing urban morphology
Berlin und London haben eine Gemeinsamkeit, sie werden alle von Flüssen durchquert. Die Themse fliest nach 346 km in die Nordsee. Berlin wird von der Havel und der Spree durchquert. Die Spree hat eine Länge von 400 km und die Havel erstreckt sich auf 325 km und diese beiden Flüsse münden in die Elbe die wiederrum in die Nordsee fliest. Die Menschen siedelten sich an den Flüssen an, weil sie hier Trinkwasser fanden. Ab dem Mittelalter veränderte sich jedoch die Situation, die Menschen benutzten nun den Fluss zur Entsorgung der Abwässer der Stadt und zur Beförderung der Waren auf dem Flussweg. Industrien siedelten sich früher entlang der Flüsse an. Heute, erfüllen sie diese Aufgabe nicht mehr und das Industriebrachland steht für neue Projekte zur Verfügung. Die Flüsse die durch die Großstädte fließen, können entweder einen Bruch oder eine günstige Gelegenheit für die Stadt sein. Dies ist jedoch abhängig von der Stadtplanung, denn jede Hauptstadt besitzt seine eigene Auffassung zu diesem Thema. Viele Projekte auf Industriebrachen wurden bereits fertiggestellt, wie zum Beispiel das Projekt der Docklands in London und das Projekt der Museumsinsel in Berlin. Die Hauptaspekte des Projektes der Docklands in London bestehen in der Verwirklichung einer funktionellen Mischung aus Wohnungen, Gewerben, Dienstleistungen und Grünflächen. Die Kultur stand jedoch im Mittelpunkt des Projekts der Museumsinsel in Berlin. Diese neuen Bauprojekte können aber ein Gentrifizierungsproblem verursachen. Viele Bewohner dieser Viertel können die steigenden Mieten nicht mehr bezahlen und müssen Ihre Wohnungen in der Hauptstadt verlassen. Die Uferböschungen entlang der Flüsse, sind diese also nur für die obere Gesellschaftsschicht bestimmt oder sind sie für alle Leute ? Folglich, können diese Projekte einen territorialen Riss verursachen. Aber die Projekte können aber auch eine Bereicherung sein, wenn sie sich gut in die bestehende Baustruktur einfügen
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Stone, Wendy. "An external ecological niche for Candida albicans within reducing, oxygen-limited zones of wetlands and riverbanks." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6892.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The ascomycetous yeast, Candida albicans, has been almost exclusively studied in a clinical context, due to the medical risk and costs associated with the yeast. Most environmental research into the external survival of this opportunistic pathogen has been concerned with short-term, severe pollution challenges. However, a study of literature indicates that the habitat characteristics of the oxygenlimited zones in wetlands and riverbanks are comparable to those of the gastrointestinal source of sewage-borne C. albicans. Interestingly, these are the external, environmental regions to which sewage-borne C. albicans is often exposed. In addition, oxygen-limitation is the predominant parameter in stimulating conjugation of C. albicans. Based on these observations, this study aimed to assess polluted river bank and wetland environments in the Western Cape of South Africa as potential habitats to accommodate a niche for C. albicans, particularly comparing the presence of this yeast in oxygen-limited, plant debris-rich zones and aerobic, clear, flowing zones. The second objective was to employ in vitro microcosm studies to investigate the survival and growth of C. albicans in various microhabitats similar to those comprising the oxygen-limited zones of wetlands. These included the rhizosphere of wetland flora, various soil and mud types and decomposing plant debris. The final objective was to establish the presence of sufficient nutrient and energy sources within this environment for the growth of C. albicans. In particular, cellulosic substrates and mono- and disaccharides released by the natural degradation of wetland plant debris were investigated as potential energy sources for this human commensal in the wetland environment. These study objectives combined to demonstrate the potential of such an oxygen-limited, plant debris-rich environment as a niche for C. albicans external to its human host. Both semi-quantitative culturing techniques and quantitative Real-Time PCR demonstrated the improved survival of C. albicans in oxygen-limited, plant debris-rich zones in wetland and river bank environments, in comparison to aerobic, clear subsurface water zones in the same environments. These zones were compared in the Plankenburg and Diep Rivers, situated in the Western Cape of South Africa. Correlations between coliform concentrations and total yeast concentrations were demonstrated in each of the different river zones, with higher pollution levels characteristic of the dry season. Candida albicans numbers in flowing water (zone W), rock-filtered (zone R) and plant-filtered water (zone P) were compared during the progress of the rainy and dry seasons. No C. albicans was observed in clear, flowing water throughout the analysis. Early in the rainy season, both rock-filtered (aerobic, poor in plant debris) and plant-filtered (oxygen-limited, rich in plant debris) water demonstrated C. albicans numbers at approximately equivalent levels of 10²-10³ cells/100 mL. However, as the rainy season progressed and total yeast and coliform numbers in all zones of the rivers dropped to negligible levels, C. albicans could no longer be detected in aerobic, rock-filtered zones; but its numbers remained at constant levels in oxygen-limited, plant-filtered zones. This suggests that oxygen-limited wetland and river bank zones rich in plant matter, analogous to the human gastrointestinal tract, may provide an ideal habitat in which C. albicans could establish a niche external to its host. The survival of this yeast in the various microhabitats that comprise this anaerobic, reducing wetland environment was evaluated with in vitro microcosms. The rhizosphere of wetland plants had no influence on C. albicans growth and survival in comparison to bulk soil away from the plant, and wetland mud microbiota was demonstrated to be inhibitory to its survival. However, decaying plant debris was shown to increase the survival of the yeast in this inhibitory mud environment. Candida albicans was shown to compete well saprophytically in anaerobic plant debris microcosms. In addition, the tendency of C. albicans to associate with plant matter in an aquatic environment was demonstrated by inoculating the yeast in water containing Hydrilla, a submerged macrophyte found in South African aquatic environments. Plate and liquid analyses, as well as an ANKOM NDF analysis, indicated unequivocally that the C. albicans strains evaluated in this work were unable to utilise the complex carbohydrates of the wetland habitat, including cellulose and fibre. However, HPLC, along with GCMS, demonstrated the anaerobic assimilation by C. albicans of monosaccharides released by natural lignocellulose degradation of wetland plant matter. An analysis of total nitrogen by digestion in a nitrogen analyser, as well as evaluation of ammonium, nitrate and nitrite in a KCL extract, also showed that C. albicans assimilates nitrogenous compounds released by the decomposition of wetland plant matter. This decay process occurs constantly in wetland and river bank habitats. It may therefore provide energy and nutrients for C. albicans, particularly in the anaerobic zones where conjugation may possibly occur and a niche may be established, as indicated by the results obtained for the Plankenburg and Diep Rivers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die askomisete gis Candida albicans is feitlik eksklusief in ‘n kliniese konteks bestudeer weens die mediese risiko en koste daaraan verbonde. Die meeste omgewingsnavorsing op die eksterne oorlewing van hierdie opportunistiese patogeen was toegespits op die uitdagings van ernstige korttermyn besoedeling. ‘n Literatuurstudie toon egter dat die habitat-eienskappe van die suurstof-beperkte sones in vleilande en rivieroewers vergelykbaar is met dié van die gastroïntestinale bron van C. albicans wat in riool gevind word. Interessant genoeg is dit juis hierdie eksterne omgewingsgebiede waaraan C. albicans vanuit riool dikwels blootgestel word. Hierby is suurstof-beperking die vernaamste parameter in die stimulering van konjugasie in C. albicans. Op grond van hierdie waarnemings poog dié studie om besoedelde vleilande en rivieroewers in die Wes-Kaap Provinsie van Suid-Afrika te evalueer as potensiële habitatte wat ‘n nis van C. albicans kan akkommodeer, en veral om die teenwoordigheid van hierdie gis in suurstof-beperkte sones ryk aan plantafval te vergelyk met aerobe, helder, vloeiende sones. Die tweede doelwit was om in vitro mikrokosmos studies te gebruik om die oorlewing en groei van C. albicans in verskillende mikrohabitatte soortgelyk aan suurstof-beperkte sones in vleilande te ondersoek. Dit sluit die risosfeer van vleilandflora in, asook verskillende grond- en moddertipes en ontbindende plantafval. Die laaste doelwit was om die teenwoordigheid van genoegsame voedings- en energiebronne in dié omgewing te bepaal vir die groei van C. albicans. In besonder is sellulose substrate, asook die mono- en di-sakkariede, wat deur die natuurlike afbraak van vleiland plantafval vrygestel word, as potensiële energiebronne van hierdie mens-kommensaal in die vleiland-omgewing ondersoek. Hierdie studiedoelwitte het gesamentlik die potensiaal van so ‘n suurstofbeperkte, plantafvalryke omgewing as ‘n nis vir C. albicans buite die menslike gasheer aangetoon. Beide semi-kwantitatiewe kweektegnieke en kwantitatiewe in-tyd PKR het die verbeterde oorlewing van C. albicans in suurstofbeperkte, plantafvalryke sones in vleiland en rivieroeweromgewings gedemonstreer, in teenstelling met aerobe, helder oppervlakwatersones in dieselfde omgewings. Hierdie sones in die Plankenburg- and Dieprivier in die Wes-Kaap Provinsie, Suid-Afrika, is met mekaar vergelyk. Korrelasies tussen coliform konsentrasies en totale giskonsentrasies is in elk van die verskillende sones in dié riviere gedemonstreer, met hoër vlakke van besoedeling kenmerkend aan die droër seisoen. Candida albicans getalle in vloeiende water (sone W), rots-gefiltreerde (sone R) en plant-gefiltreerde water (sone P) is deur die verloop van die reën- en droë seisoene met mekaar vergelyk. Geen C. albicans is deur die loop van die analises in helder, vloeiende water bespeur nie. Vroeg in die reënseisoen het beide rots-gefiltreerde (aerobe, min plantafval) en plant-gefiltreerde (suurstofbeperk, ryk in plantafval) water vergelykbare vlakke van C. albicans getoon, naamlik 10²-10³ selle/100 mL. Soos die reënseisoen egter verloop het en die totale gis- en coliforme getalle in al die sones van die riviere tot weglaatbare vlakke gedaal het, kon C. albicans egter nie meer in die aerobe, rots-gefiltreerde sones bespeur word nie, hoewel die getalle in suurstofbeperkte, plant-gefiltreerde sones konstant gebly het. Dit dui daarop dat suurstof-beperkte vleiland en rivieroewer sones ryk in plantmateriaal, analoog tot die menslike gastroïntestinale kanaal, die idealke habitat mag bied waarin C. albicans ‘n nis mag vind buite sy gasheer. Die oorlewing van hierdie gis in die verskillende mikrohabitatte wat uit hierdie anaerobe, reduserende vleilandomgewing bestaan, is met in vitro mikrokosmosse geëvalueer. Die risosfeer van vleilandplante het in vergelyking met die grond weg van die plant geen effek op die groei en oorlewing van C. albicans gehad nie, en vleiland modder-mikrobiota is gevind om die oorlewing daarvan te inhibeer. Verrottende plantafval het egter die oorlewingsvlakke van giste in hierdie inhiberende modderomgewing verbeter. Candida albicans kan egter saprofities goed kompeteer in anaerobe plantafval mikrokosmosse. Hierby is die geneigdheid van C. albicans om met plantmateriaal in waterige omgewings te assosieer gedemonstreer deur die gis te innokuleer in water wat Hydrilla, ‘n onderwater makrofiet wat in Suid-Afrikaanse akwatiese omgewings aangetref word, bevat. Plaat en vloeibare analises, asook ‘n ANKOM NDF data-analise, het onteenseglik getoon dat die C. albicans stamme wat in dié werk gebruik is, nie in staat was om die komplekse koolhidrate, insluitende sellulose en vesel, van die vleiland habitat te benut nie. HPLC, saam met GC-MS, toon egter C. albicans se anaerobe assimilasie van monosakkariede wat deur natuurlike lignosellulose afbraak van vleiland plantmateriaal vrygestel is. ’n Totale stikstof analise deur vertering in ’n stikstof analiseerder, en ’n evalueering van ammonium, nitraat en nitriet in ‘n KCl ekstrak, het ook getoon dat C. albicans stikstofverbindings assimileer wat deur die afbraak van vleiland plantmatriaal vrygestel word. Hierdie afbraakproses kom deurlopend in vleiland en rivieroewer habitatte voor en verskaf potensieel energie en voedingstowwe aan C. albicans, spesifiek in die anaerobe sones waar konjugasie moontlik kan plaasvind, en ‘n nis gevestig kan word, soos aangedui deur die Plankenburg- and Dieprivier.
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Tallmayer, Dominik. "Sportovně rekreační centrum Vsetín, Ohrada." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443705.
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This paper aims to elaborate an urbanistic study focused on the establishment of a multifunction athletic and recreational area located in Vsetín-Ohrada, carrying the name of the location, Ohrada. The reason to elaborate on this project is the current desolate state of the area, which already does not fulfil its purpose and serves only as lodgings and as a facility for the tennis club. My approach for this project implies identified accidence of buildings with an emphasis on maximal use of daylight, open spaces, green areas, and social interactions. All of these parts connect ideas and needs of future generations and deliver into the area new Genio Loci. For me, the biggest challenge in this complex area is finding the answer to meaningful use of the big amount of soil that is part of the canker tribune. The solution for this challenge might be in the creation of new access paths and footbridge to the buildings which provide several parts of space with different atmosphere and purpose. The main idea was the creation of a leisure public space with an emphasis on the variability of used areas that serve people from all age groups. It creates several main areas that divide the location and deliver various atmospheres for each generation. Additionally, the area as a whole is open and accessible to the public. A sign of long-term functional society is the ability of considerable behaviour toward public areas. Space in front of and between buildings happened to be more important than the building itself. In this case, we can talk about public life that is sustainable in time.
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Marques, Gilliard Pedro. "O conflito pela água na Bacia Hidrográfica do ribeirão Samambaia, Catalão (GO)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7680.
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The Samambaia Stream is located in the municipality of Catalão (GO). In addition to serving the riverbank population in their various activities, since 1974 it began to be used for water capturing and public supply to Catalão town. According to IBGE (2015), in 1970, Catalão population was no more than 30 thousand. However, currently it accounts with 98.737 thousand inhabitants. Faced with this population growth and among other demands for 40 years, a few has been invested and made properly for the environmental improvement of the Hydrographic Basin of Samambaia Stream. The environmental recovery program applied in 2004 denied the riverbank population participation and restricted the seedlings plantation in Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs), without any concern with its the maintenance. In September 2014, the Catalão town's High Public Power faced many difficulties in public water supply. This agency by means of the Municipal Water and Sewer Superintendence (MWSS) entered with a precautionary measure request to the Judiciary, which was granted to implement the sealing of irrigation pumps and the obstruction of all forms of water catchment from riverbank population. The achievement of this measure, among other actions, has unfolded in an expressive conflict between riverbank population and Catalão town’s High Public Power. Thus, this work had as main aim to understand the water resources’ management in Brazil, as well as to understand the conflicts for water and its appropriation and expropriation in the riverbank population's territory of the Hydrographic Basin of Samambaia Stream in Catalão (GO), in 2014. Concerning the methodology, it was prevailed by two research stages: the theoretical and documentary research. Among the literature, stands out the authors: Orlando (2005), Campos and Fracalanza (2010), Scantimburgo (2013) and others. In regard of the documents: The Lei Federal no. 9.433, which establishes the National Policy for Water Resources and the losses' collection of riverbank population's productions due to sealing of their water catchment pumps and dam breakage. Finally, it is considered that a public administration that ensures water quantity and quality to the present and future generations still poses as a great challenge in current Brazil. Besides, about the conflict for water in the Hydrographic Basin of Samambaia Stream, it is undeniable the inability of the Municipal Public Power of Catalão town in dialogue and recognize the importance of riverbank population in water management activities.
O Ribeirão Samambaia, o qual localiza-se no município de Catalão (GO), além de servir as populações ribeirinhas nas suas diversas atividades passou a ser utilizado para captação e abastecimento público da cidade de Catalão, desde 1974. Segundo o IBGE (2015), na década de 1970, a população do município de Catalão não passava de 30 mil. Porém, atualmente, conta com 98.737 mil habitantes. Perante este crescimento populacional e entre outras demandas ao longo de 40 anos, pouco se investiu e se fez adequadamente para a melhoria ambiental da Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Samambaia. O programa de recuperação ambiental, aplicado em 2004, negou o direito da participação das populações ribeirinhas, e restringiu o isolamento e plantio de mudas nas áreas de preservação permanentes (APP’s), sem nenhuma preocupação com a manutenção. Em setembro de 2014, o Poder Público Municipal de Catalão enfrentou muitas dificuldades no abastecimento público de água. Ele, por meio da Superintendência Municipal de Água e Esgoto (SAE), entrou com um pedido de Medida Cautelar ao Judiciário, a qual foi concedida para implementar a lacração de bombas de irrigação e a obstrução de todas as formas de captação de água dos ribeirinhos. A consecução desta medida, entre outras ações, desdobrou em um expressivo conflito entre os ribeirinhos e Poder Público Municipal de Catalão. Assim, este trabalho teve como o objetivo geral compreender a gestão das águas no Brasil, bem como o conflito pela água e a sua apropriação e expropriação no território dos ribeirinhos, da Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Samambaia, no município de Catalão (GO), em 2014. Em relação à metodologia, esta perpassou por duas etapas de investigação: a pesquisa teórica e a documental. Dentre a literatura, destaca-se os autores: Orlando (2005), Campos e Fracalanza (2010), Scantimburgo (2013), dentre outros. Em relação aos documentos: a Lei Federal n. 9.433, a qual institui a Política Nacional dos Recursos Hídricos, e o levantamento de perdas das produções dos ribeirinhos decorrentes dos lacres das bombas e arrombamento das represas. Por fim, considera-se que uma gestão que assegure água em quantidade e qualidade às gerações presentes e futuras, ainda se apresenta como um grande desafio no Brasil atual. Além disso, sobre o conflito pela água na Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Samambaia, é inegável a incapacidade do Poder Público Municipal de Catalão em dialogar e reconhecer a importância dos ribeirinhos como sujeitos primordiais na gestão das águas.
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Schuck, Heather A. "Differentially expressed genes of Sophrolaeliacattleya Ginny Champion "Riverbend" in response to the odontoglossum ringspot virus." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1164841.
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Due to the rapid destruction of native orchid habitats it has become necessary to house many endangered orchid species in greenhouse environments where enhanced spread of viral disease occurs due to the close contact between plants. This research was concerned with the construction of a library of genes whose expression is induced in response to viral challenge. In uncovering the genes that are activated during plant-pathogen interactions, it may be possible to manipulate these pathways to develop virus resistant orchids. Furthermore, this research will contribute additional information for the existing framework of plant-pathogen interactions of all plant species.In order to construct a library of genes expressed in response to viral infection, suppression subtractive hybridization was performed using the PCR-Select cDNA Subtraction Kit (CLONTECH, Palo Alto, CA) on Sophrolaeliacattleya Ginny Champion 'Riverbend' clones. RNA was isolated from plants that had been inoculated with the Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) and from control plants that had not been inoculated with ORSV. Following reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) to obtain cDNA, cDNAs of the tester population (those cDNAs containing differentially expressed messages in response to ORSV) and the driver population (reference cDNAs from uninfected plants) were obtained. The two different cDNA populations are mixed together and hybridized. The sequences common to both populations were subtracted, leaving only the differentially expressed sequences available for PCR amplification.A library containing these genes was constructed, and one clone, chosen at random, was sequenced. Based on homology comparisons to known genes, we have cloned a gene that may contain a nucleotide binding site similar to that of the tobacco N gene, important for plant resistance to pathogens. In the near future, this clone will be used to construct probes for use in northern analysis to determine the timing and localization of the products of this gene. This information will aid in characterizing the function of the orchid N-gene and identifying other members of this signal cascade. In addition, many other clones await sequencing and similar characterization.Department of Biology
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Docker, Benjamin Brougham. "Biotechnical engineering on alluvial riverbanks of southeastern Australia: A quantified model of the earth-reinforcing properties of some native riparian trees." University of Sydney, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1688.
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Doctor of Philosophy(PhD)It is generally accepted that tree roots can reinforce soil and improve the stability of vegetated slopes. Tree root reinforcement is also recognised in riverbanks although the contribution that the roots make to bank stability has rarely been assessed due to the reluctance of geomorphologists to examine riverbank stability by geomechanical methods that allow for the inclusion of quantified biotechnical parameters. This study investigates the interaction between alluvial soil and the roots of four southeastern Australian riparian trees. It quantifies the amount and distribution of root reinforcement present beneath typically vegetated riverbanks of the upper Nepean River, New South Wales, and examines the effect of the reinforcement on the stability of these banks. The ability of a tree to reinforce the soil is limited by the spatial distribution of its root system and the strength that the roots impart to the soil during shear. These two parameters were determined for the following four species of native riparian tree: Casuarina glauca, Eucalyptus amplifolia, Eucalyptus elata, and Acacia floribunda. The four species all exhibit a progressive reduction in the quantity of root material both with increasing depth and with increasing lateral distance from the tree stem. In the vertical direction there are two distinct zones that can be described. The first occurs from between 0 and approximately 15 % of the maximum vertical depth and consists of approximately 80 % of the total root material quantity. In this zone the root system consists of both vertical and lateral roots, the size and density of which varies between species. The second zone occurs below approximately 15 % of the maximum vertical depth and consists primarily of vertical roots. The quantity of root material in this zone decreases exponentially with depth due to the taper of individual roots. The earth reinforcement potential in terms of both geometric extent and the quantity of root material expressed as the Root Area Ratio (RAR) varies significantly from species to species. E. elata exhibited the highest values of RAR in soil zones beneath it while E. amplifolia reinforced a greater volume of soil than any of the other species examined. The increased shear resistance (Sr) of alluvial soil containing roots was measured by direct in-situ shear tests on soil blocks beneath a plantation. For three of the species (C. glauca, E. amplifolia, E. elata) Sr increased with increasing RAR measured at the shear plane, in a similar linear relationship. The shear resistance provided by A. floribunda roots also increased with increasing RAR at the shear plane but at a much greater rate than for the other three species. This is attributable to A. floribunda’s greater root tensile strength and therefore pull-out resistance, as well as its smaller root diameters at comparative RARs which resulted in a greater proportion of roots reaching full tensile strength within the confines of the test. Tree roots fail progressively in this system. Therefore determining the increased shear strength from the sum of the pull-out or tensile strengths of all individual roots and Waldron’s (1977) and Wu et al’s (1979) simple root model, would result in substantial over estimates of the overall strength of the soil-root system. The average difference between Sr calculated in this manner and that measured from direct in-situ shear tests is 10.9 kPa for C. glauca, 19.0 kPa for E. amplifolia, 19.3 kPa for E. elata, and 8.8 kPa for A. floribunda. A riverbank stability analysis incorporating the root reinforcement effect was conducted using a predictive model of the spatial distribution of root reinforcement beneath riparian trees within the study area. The model is based on measurements of juveniles and observations of the rooting habits of mature trees. It indicates that while the presence of vegetation on riverbank profiles has the potential to increase stability by up to 105 %, the relative increase depends heavily on the actual vegetation type, density, and location on the bank profile. Of the species examined in this study the greatest potential for improved riverbank stability is provided by E. amplifolia, followed by E. elata, A. floribunda, and C. glauca. The presence of trees on banks of the Nepean River has the potential to raise the critical factor of safety (FoS) from a value that is very unstable (0.85) to significantly above 1.00 even when the banks are completely saturated and subject to rapid draw-down. It is likely then that the period of intense bank instability observed within this environment between 1947 and 1992 would not have taken place had the riparian vegetation not been cleared prior to the onset of wetter climatic conditions. Typical ‘present-day’ profiles are critically to marginally stable. The introduction of vegetation could improve stability by raising the FoS up to 1.68 however the selection of revegetation species is crucial. With the placement of a large growing Eucalypt at a suitable spacing (around 3-5 m) the choice of smaller understorey trees and shrubs is less important. The effect of riparian vegetation on bank stability has important implications for channel morphological change. This study quantifies the mechanical earth reinforcing effect of some native riparian trees, thus allowing for improved deterministic assessment of historical channel change and an improved basis for future riverine management.
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Docker, Benjamin Brougham. "Biotechnical engineering on alluvial riverbanks of southeastern Australia a quantified model of the earth-reinforcing properties of some native riparian trees /." Connect to full text, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1688.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--School of Geosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, 2004.Degree awarded 2004; thesis submitted 2003. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Geosciences, Faculty of Science. Title from title screen (viewed 13 January 2009). Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Boudeffa, Abderrahmane Mehdi. "Le paysage fluvial, nouveau vecteur de projet dans les villes européennes : le cas de deux villes rhénanes : Strasbourg et Bâle." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG019.
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La mise en place de politiques de « reconquête » des bords d’eau marque aujourd’hui le nouvel engouement de l’Europe Rhénane pour son fleuve. Les villes de Bâle et de Strasbourg redécouvrent le Rhin et ses rivages, dont elles avaient dénié toute qualité urbaine, pour en faire désormais un atout majeur dans leur politique de développement et d’aménagement global. Les nombreux exemples de revalorisation en cours posent la question de l’existence d’un modèle commun d’aménagement des berges et des fronts d’eau. Notre étude s’inscrit dans une perspective comparative à l’échelle Européenne. A partir de cela, nous avons évalué le processus du retour au fleuve par le biais du paysage. Le recours à différents axes d’analyse a eu pour objectif de mesurer le degré d’intégration du fleuve dans la structure des villes étudiées. Le regard sur des projets régionaux récents, relatifs au Rhin, et le recueil de récits d’acteurs, nous a permis d’articuler les différentes représentations du fleuve pour une vision plus concrète. Cette étude nous emmène sur les traces d’une histoire culturelle qui mesure l’importance des facteurs politiques, économiques et sociaux par rapport au cours d’eauThe establishment of policies to “reconquer” the edges of water, marked today the new craze of the Rhenish Europe for its river. Cities as Basel, Strasbourg… etc… are rediscovering the Rhine and its shores which they had denied the whole urban quality, to make it now, a major asset in their development policy and their overall development. The many examples of the current revaluation raise the question of the existence of a common model concerning the development of the shores and the fronts of water. Our study is part of a comparative perspective on a European scale. From this point, we have evaluated the process of return to the river through the landscape. The recourse to various axes of analysis aimed to determine the integration level of the river in the structure of the cities studied. The look, on many recent regional projects, relating to the Rhine and the participants’ collection of stories have enabled us to articulate the different representations of the river in order to get a more complete vision about. This study takes us on the traces of a cultural history which evaluates the importance of political, economic and social factors in relation to the river
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Foussadier, Rémi. "Initiation des successions végétales dans les lits endigués des cours d'eau alpins : influence des paramètres abiotiques sur la régénération des salicacées." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10249.
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La regression des forets des plaines alluviales est un phenomene general touchant presque tous les pays industrialises. Ce n'est que depuis une vingtaine d'annees que l'on prend conscience de la multiplicite des roles joues par ces formations vegetales. On commence en effet a comprendre qu'une partie de cette vegetation est adaptee a des perturbations telles que les crues dont l'importance varie d'une annee sur l'autre en fonction de la pluviometrie et de la repartition des pluies sur les bassins versants. Afin de preciser les mecanismes d'initiation des successions vegetales dans les lits endigues des cours d'eau alpins, la comparaison entre les exigences ecologiques pour la germination et la survie des plantules de cinq salicacees (populus nigra, salix alba, s. Eleagnos, s. Purpurea, s. Triandra) est proposee. Elle est suivie d'une etude du developpement racinaire en fonction des variations des conditions hydrologiques et pedologiques des plaines alluviales. Les exigences precises quant a la composition granulometrique et a la teneur en eau edaphique pour la germination et la survie des plantules permettent de comprendre pourquoi des annees a fort recrutement de plantules peuvent alterner avec des annees a faible recrutement. A moyen terme, la survie des jeunes individus de salicacees depend fortement des conditions hydrologiques et meteorologiques durant l'ete suivant la germination. Le developpement relatif de l'appareil racinaire par rapport a celui de l'appareil aerien peut varier en fonction de la profondeur de la nappe. Les saules blancs, pourpres ou a 3 etamines semblent indifferents a la presence d'une nappe phreatique superficielle alors que le saule drape, le peuplier noir et le frene ont un developpement oriente par la situation de la nappe phreatique par rapport au niveau du sol. Le developpement du systeme racinaire des salicacees met en evidence l'existence d'une gamme de teneur en eau autorisant le fonctionnement de la radicule, delimitee par deux valeurs seuils en deca et au dela desquelles l'allongement est inhibe. La distribution spatiale de la vegetation dans le lit endigue est determinee par la capacite de resistance de chacune des especes a la secheresse et a l'inondation.
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Chan, Ja-Rong, and 張家榮. "An Experimental Study Of Riverbank Erosion." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35100201328235536511.
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碩士國立成功大學
水利及海洋工程學系
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The influences of bank vegetation, flow discharge and sediment load on thechannel geometry were experimentally investigated in the present study.Artificial mini-trees were vegetated on the banks and flood planes ofa straight compound channel. Experimental results showed that bed erosion wasmore prominent than bank erosion for a channel with well- vegetated banks. Fora channel having one bank vegetated but another bank bare (un-vegetated), thebare bank was suffered severe erosion. Experiments of the influences of flowdischarge and sediment load on the channel geometry showed that the increaseof sediment loadcaused the increases of channel slope and channel width butthe decreases of the channel depth. On the other hand, the increase of water-flow discharge resulted in the increases of channel depth and channel widthbut the decreases of channel slope. Experiments on the erosion phenomenon ofa channel with partially vegetated (or protected) were also conducted in thepresent study. For a channel with symmetrically, partially vegetated banks,the channel bed in the region having bank vegetation was suffered prominenterosion while deposition occurred on the other parts of channel bed withoutbank vegetation. A channel with banks un-symmetrically, partially vegetated(or protected), had a tendency to be meandering.