Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'RMN à l'état solide [Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire]'
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Camus, Lydie. "Caractérisation par résonance magnétique nucléaire à l'état solide de silices hybrides." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066415.
Full textHu, Bingwen. "Manipulations des interactions dipole-dipole en RMN de l'état solide." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10062/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the recoupling and decoupling of dipolar homonuclear and heteronuclear interactions in solid-state NMR.First, two kinds of techniques for establishing the through-space correlations between quadrupolar nuclei and spin 1/2 nuclei are presented. One is MPCP (Multiple-pulse Cross-Polarization) recoupling sequence and the other one is D-HMQC (Dipolar assisted- Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence) sequence. We evaluate different kinds of dipolar recoupling techniques such as SFAM, SR41², that are used in our D-HMQC. Second, we propose a new 1H homonuclear dipolar decoupling technique labeled SAM (Smooth Amplitude Modulation). This method that is a symmetry-based sequences, works mainly at fast or ultra-fast Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) rates (vR > 25 kHz) and is complementary to previous methods, such as DUMBO, FSLG/PMLG. Third, a novel symmetry-based homonuclear recoupling method (SPIP) that excites double-quantum (DQ) coherences between spin-1/2 nuclei, such as 1H, is presented. Compared to previous 1H DQ-recoupling techniques, this pulse sequence requires moderate rf field, even at ultra-fast MAS speed. Furthermore, it displays higher robustness to both chemical shift anisotropy and spreads in resonance frequencies.Fourth, a new processing scheme, called covariance, is employed in solid state NMR to produce homo-nuclear correlation (HOMCOR) 2D spectra. It can accommodate signal truncation much better than the usual 2D-FT data treatment, without any previous knowledge of the positions and line-widths of the resonances. Besides, covariance methods can be applied to HETCOR NMR data to generate two HOMCOR indirect-covariance spectra
Quoineaud, Anne-Agathe. "Caractérisation et quantification de l'aluminium dans les zéolithes désaluminées par RMN haute-résolution à l'état solide." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN2049.
Full textTruflandier, Lionel. "Détermination de paramètres RMN par la théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité : application aux éléments 3d en RMN de l'état solide." Nante, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT2083.
Full textBesides Zeeman levels perturbation, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) applied to solid state allows the observation of numerous coupling interactions that are not accessible in liquid state. Despite sequential developments for high resolution measurements, interpretation of resonance spectra remains delicate. .
Chandrappa, Ravi Kumar. "Caractérisation de formulations pharmaceutiques par RMN de l'état solide : polymorphisme et déformulation." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS0058.
Full textThis thesis reports on the use of solid-state NMR in the quality control of pharmaceutical formulations. Polymorphism structural studies were done on two active principle components of pharmaceutical drugs, Xaliproden and Irbesartan. A process of deformulation is proposed and validated, aiming at controlling drug quality and detecting counterfeits. The effects of processing on the stability of the drugs and the individual ingredients are followed and described by use of high-resolution NMR techniques. Finally, the quantitative aspects of the NMR measurements by 13C CPMAS techniques are investigated. Common techniques are evaluated for 13C enriched or naturally abundant samples, and another method is proposed in view of these applications
Weingarth, Markus. "Découplage et recouplage en RMN haute résolution à l'état solide en présence d'une rotation à l'angle magique très rapide et dans les champs statiques élevés : aspects méthodologiques et applications." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066549.
Full textEl, Alaoui El Abdallaoui Habib. "Étude de la structure et de la dynamique de molécules phosphorylées et de leurs complexes métalliques par mesures du temps de relaxation spin-réseau des noyaux #3#1p, #1#3c et #1#7o en solution et RMN à l'état solide." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10184.
Full textPorcino, Marianna. "La spectroscopie de résonance magnétique nucléaire à l'état solide : un outil pour la caractérisation des systèmes poreux de délivrance de médicaments." Thesis, Orléans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ORLE3054.
Full textDrug delivery systems (DDSs) are formulations used to improve the performance of drugs with low efficacy and safety. Nanosized porous Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are considered as promising drug carriers, as large amount of drug can be incorporated in their pores and their surface can be coated with specific ligand, increasing their stability and efficacy. Analysis of the structure of a DDS is an essential step to guide the synthesis efforts towards particles with improved properties. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is uniquely suited to study these supramolecular assemblies as it provides information at the atomic scale about drug location, drug-carrier interaction, and carrier structure and about the process of degradation, which allows the delivery of the drug. In this thesis, we have explored the potential of ssNMR spectroscopy associated to, when required, isotope labeling for the in-depth characterization of selected MOF-based DDSs. A particular focus was put on the use of heteronuclei (19F, 27Al, 31P, 13C, 17O) that are present in the drug and/or the carrier, and which, at the cost of severe sensitivity drop, provide much more information than 1H nucleus
Ziarelli, Fabio. "Applications et développements des méthodes de résonance magnetique nucléaire haute résolution à l'état solide pour les matériaux organiques et inorganiques." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX11004.
Full textCoelho, Cristina. "Matériaux silicophosphate et RMN en phase solide : apport des expériences dipolaires (D) et scalaires (J)." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066129.
Full textYaakoub, Mfeddel. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'oxo-carboxylates de titane (IV) par diffraction des RX et RMN en solution ou à l'état solide." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/YAAKOUB_Mfeddel_2008.pdf.
Full textThis PhD thesis is devoted to a structural study of some titanium(IV) oxocarboxylate species synthesized by reacting titanium(IV) alkoxides with various carboxylic acids. The manuscript is made of three parts describing results obtained with saturated, unsaturated and halogenated carboxylic acids respectively. A new nomenclature is proposed allowing to classify with logic and rigor all the structures described both in literature and in this thesis. All the reported new compounds (a grand total of 27) were characterized through single-crystal X-ray diffraction and structurally described. Another major improvement was to perform in each case a detailed NMR study involving a wide range of techniques : solution NMR (1H and 13C), solid-sate NMR with cross-polarization and magic angle spinning (13C CP-MAS) as well 2D spectroscopies such as 1H DOSY and 1H-1H COSY. It was thus possible to check the stability or instability of the structures observed in the solid state after dissolution of crytalline species in CDCl3
Wang, Qiang. "Recouplage dipolaire en RMN des solides en rotation à l'angle magique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10159/document.
Full textSolid state NMR as a powerful analysis tool is extensively used in many fields such as catalysis science, polymer materials, and biological molecules. This thesis work mainly describes the development of new NMR methods to recover dipolar coupling of rotating solids and their applications for spectral assignment and structural investigation by solid state NMR. First, a new broadband homo-nuclear Double Quantum (DQ) dipolar recoupling sequence which can be used at high field and ultra-fast magic-angle spinning was introduced. To improve the spectral resolution, 1H homonuclear decoupling technique were applied during the acquisition time, t2 and indirect evolution time, t1. Then, a comparison between different symmetry sequences with and without composite pulses which also can be used at ultra fast spinning for DQ coherence excitation was discussed. Moreover, these homonuclear DQ dipolar recoupling sequences were the employed for the unambiguous assignment of 19F spectra of inorganic fluorides at high field (18.8 T) and ultra-fast magic-angle spinning (65 kHZ). To expand DQ dipolar recoupling methods on half-integer quadrupolar nuclei, a low radiofrequency (RF) pulse sequence with block cycling to selectively excite homo-nuclear DQ coherence of central transition (CT) was proposed. Last, a scheme for rapid analysis of natural abundance amino acid by high-resolution 14N filtered high resolution 1H-13C correlation was designed in the NMR of rotating solid
Schahl, Adrien. "Interactions polysaccharides-lipides : étude théorique et expérimentale combinant calculs de dynamique moléculaire, calculs quantiques de spectres RMN 13C et RMN 13C à l'état solide." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30178.
Full textPolysaccharide-lipid interactions now form a vast domain of study, of particular interest to the pharmaceutical and food industries. We already know that amylose, an essentially linear polysaccharide composed of [alpha 1→4]-linked glucose moieties, can form helices around small hydrophobic molecules and lipidic chains. These helical structures are called V polymorphs and their study may allow the development of new ways to deliver bioactive compounds, or of new vaccine adjuvants. This type of interaction might also be found in other biological systems, such as in the capsule of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Indeed, this external layer covering the bacillus is composed mostly of a large branched polysaccharide analogous to amylose, called alpha-glucan, but it also contains numerous lipids, such as phtiocerol dimycocerosates or trehalose dimycolates, known to be virulence factors of the mycobacterium. Demonstration of the existence of such interactions and their study may lead to a better understanding of the capsule and its biological functions. This manuscript describes a study combining theoretical and experimental methods to characterize the interactions amongst amylose complexes formed in the presence of classical and mycobacterial lipids and in systems composed of branched polysaccharides. The first part of this work describes two purely theoretical studies on amylose complexed with palmitic acid and on amylose double helices called B polymorphs. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and calculations of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) parameters at the Density Functional Theory (DFT) level, we were able to define the minimum number of glucose residues needed to former a stable V polymorph around a palmitic acid molecule. We could also show that the number of residues has a direct impact on the calculation of NMR parameters and that it is crucial to consider the dynamic behavior of these polymers to obtain results that fit well to experimental data. Regarding the B polymorph, we showed that it is essential/necessary to consider the periodic conditions of the system to be able to characterize two different residue positions, as has been observed experimentally. To the best of our knowledge, no V polymorph has been characterized in the presence of lipids composed of several lipidic chains. The second part of this manuscript describes several such complexes, formed in the presence of classical and mycobacterial lipids composed of 1, 2 or 4 lipidic chains, and their analysis by solid-state NMR. We elaborated a model describing the different equilibria implicated in the complexation process and could demonstrate that the primary structure of the lipids was one of the key factors. [...]
Saito, Kazuko. "Analyse quantitative par RMN de l'état solide C-13 par polarisation croisée et en rotation à l'angle magique "CPMAS" de formulations galéniques en vue de l'identification de contrefaçons." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS0003.
Full textThis thesis undertakes a reinvestigation of the solid state NMR CPMAS measurement for pharmaceutical materials, in order to assess their quality: original drugs, generics of counterfeits. The pulse sequence RAMP-CPMAS was revisited in order to evaluate its performances for quantification. Combining RAMP-CPMAS with a forced return to equilibrium with a “flip-back” pulse allows obtaining a measurement in a reasonable and constant time, suppressing one of the limitations for the implementation of solid state NMR in the industry. All the parameters of the magetization transfert du ring CPMAS can therefore be under experimental control, including those described to be intrinsically sample dependent, , TCH et T1, by using a good choice of experimental parameters. Therefore, CPMAS measurement can be made quantitative. Base upon these results, recommandations for quantitative measurements are suggested for different types of situations
Kunjir, Shrikant. "Study of new porous materials by NMR." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC211/document.
Full textThe zeolites are ‘molecular sieves’ known for their numerous applications in adsorption, ion exchange, and catalysis. In this thesis, we focused on the study of some questions related to zeolite synthesis and post-synthesis, which are not yet resolved by other techniques. NMR was the primary tool in this work, as it gives access to local structural information on nanocrystals even when diffraction techniques found their limits. NMR can also be used to study porosity using probe molecules adsorption, and in particular, xenon is known as a good molecule for this purpose. Indeed, the isotope 129Xe can be hyperpolarized to increase the detection sensitivity, and interestingly it presents a wide chemical shift range depending on its confinement and thus the porosity of studied material. Two studies are reported in this manuscript: (i) In the first study, the initial steps during the crystallization of nano-faujasite (FAU) type materials were investigated using classical NMR (mainly by 29Si and 23Na MAS NMR) and advanced NMR (129Xe HP NMR). It was shown that crystallization starts at much earlier synthesis stages than those observed by other classical techniques (XRD, SEM, N2 adsorption…). The first SBU seems to be the hexagonal prisms, prior to the sodalite cages, which rapidly form confined environment and then supercages. Moreover, it has been proved by 129Xe HP NMR and 2D EXSY that nano-faujasite zeolite presents opened sodalite cages and a more flexible structure than in micro-faujasite zeolite. (ii) The second study is an investigation on the recrystallization phenomena occurring during hierarchization process of zeolite and which could explain the homogenous distribution of the mesopore sizes. As a remarkable result, it has been shown in this work that during the hierarchization of beta zeolite with TPAOH, the recrystallization lead to the formation of tiny MFI particles, formed at the surface of the mesopores (1H MAS NMR, 129Xe HP NMR and 2D EXSY)
Nagendrachar, Garaga Mounesha. "Structure locale autour d'hétéroatomes dans des matériaux alumino- et borosilicates pour la catalyse." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919192.
Full textDekhil, Myriam. "RMN cristallographique : mesure de distances internucléaires sur des échantillons de poudre par RMN du solide." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4734.
Full textMeasurment of dipolar coupling provides 3D structural information of powder samples. However, in practice, the high density of spins in organic compounds prevents the measurements of long-range dipolar couplings in solid-state NMR by the so-called dipolar truncation effect. The study of rare spins on natural abundance allows to overcome this problem. In fact, with a natural abundance of 1.1 %, the probability for three 13C to be coupled is negligible. We developed a methodology based either on the dipolar recoupling NMR pulse sequence POST-C7 or on the dramatic increase in sensitivity provided by dynamic nuclear polarization. We demonstrated that its methodology provides a measure of 13C-13C dipolar couplings in natural abundance powder samples and that the so-obtained distance information is sensitive to both molecular conformation and crystal packing of powder samples. Moreover, we show that the recoupling pulse sequence R20_9_2 is more robust to strong chemical shift anisotropy and also to strong 1H-13C heteronuclear dipolar couplings than POST-C7. The second challenge involves 13C signal assignment for natural abundance. In fact, there are only a few examples of 13C-13C correlation spectra obtained for natural abundance samples. Here, we show that 13C-13C correlation spectra sequence based on the reintroduction of 13C−13C dipolar couplings can be obtained with standard MAS probe and within few days using R20_9_2 pulse sequence. Contrary to pulse sequences based on 13C-13C J coupling, our pulse sequence requires shorter DQ excitation time and hence, is more suitable for samples having short T2 relaxation times such as amorphous solids
Matthes, de Schwalmstadt Jochen. "Utilisation de la spectroscopie RMN à l'état gazeux, liquide et solide pour l'étude de la mobilité du dihydrogène et de l'interaction hydrogène métal dans des complexes des métaux de transition." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30044.
Full textZagdoun, Alexandre. "Dynamic Nuclear Polarisation Surface Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01065554.
Full textPitard, Domitille. "Étude de l'organisation à l'état solide et de la dynamique des chaines polymères dans les nanocomposites polyéthylène/POSS." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00461664.
Full textWang, Shishan. "Production, assembly and solid-state NMR analysis of various hepatitis B virus capsids." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1146.
Full textHepatitis B is a widely spread liver disease which causes a heavy burden for human health, with 257 millions of people affected by chronic infection and about 780,000 deaths per year. Yet, infected patients can not be completely cured by current treatments using notably nucleos(t)ide analogues and interferons. In order to achieve the goal of the World Health Assembly (WHA), who wishes to eliminate hepatitis B by 2030, new therapies need to be developed. Given its critical role for the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) life cycle, the core protein (Cp) is today one of the antiviral targets with the highest potential. Our research focuses on the characterization of HBV capsids in different conformational states using biochemistry and solid-state NMR, aiming at revealing their precise conformation under different conditions, including the interaction of capsids with antivirals, and the correlation between capsid conformation and viral maturation. For sample preparation, both a bacterial expression system and a wheat germ cell-free protein synthesis system have been established in the laboratory to produce HBV capsids, and protocols to disassemble and reassemble capsids with different nucleic acids have been implemented. Both capsids preformed in E. coli and capsids reassembled in vitro were addressed to NMR studies. Different capsids forms include the truncated versions Cp140 and Cp149, the full length protein Cp183, the phosphorylated P-Cp183 and mutant forms. First, we have prepared samples for the sequential assignment of the protein using solid-state NMR. The use of carbon-13 detection asks for several tens of milligrams of sample, which were produced using labeled isotopes and bacterial expression in minimal media. Sequential assignments were performed using the truncated capsid Cp149, which showed highly similar spectra to Cp183. This sample was also used to identify conformational differences between the four different monomers in the capsid, which are due to the T=4 icosahedral symmetry. Then, the main body of the thesis is the investigation and comparison of a variety of different capsid forms, including Cp183, P-Cp183, Cp149, Cp140, another truncated form resulting in mainly T=3 icosahedral assemblies, and Cp140 C61A and Cp183 F97L mutants. We investigated all samples in both the E. coli-produced and reassembled forms, which needs for the full-length protein the presence of nucleic acids, of which we tested several, including the viral pregenomic RNA. We investigated different symmetries, as well as oxidation states of the capsid, and compared the differences via chemical shift perturbations observed in NMR spectra. We reported in a site-specific manner the major conformational changes observed between the different preparations. Proton-detected solid-state NMR at 100 kHz has recently emerged as a tool for analyzing proteins with the need of less sample amount. We have applied this strategy to the analysis of the Cp149 capsids, in order to obtain sequential assignments of the amide proton resonances. For this, deuteration of the protein in bacteria was used as well, needing adaptation of sample preparation protocols. Proton detection can be successfully combined with cell-free protein synthesis, which gives low yields compared to bacterial expression. This approach is of potential interest to analyze capsid assembly modulation induced by the presence of drugs. While we have started in the framework of this thesis to analyze the capsid in presence of different capsid assembly modulators by carbon-13 detected NMR on E. coli and reassembled capsids (preliminary results not reported here), proton detection opens the way to an analysis of the impact of capsid modulation directly on the exit of the core proteins from the ribosome, on assembly. We showed that cell-free expression combined with proton-detection solid-state NMR can be used to analyze capsid chemical shifts, and thus in future work the conformational modulations
Boukadir, Saïd. "Caractérisation par résonance magnétique nucléaire des noyaux quadrupolaires à l'état solide." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10100.
Full textDe, Paëpe Gaël. "Découplage hétéronucléaire en RMN solide." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENSL0280.
Full textCharmont, Patrick. "Contributions à l'amélioration de la résolution en résonance magnétique nucléaire à l'état solide." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENSL0187.
Full textDuweltz, David. "Etudes de l'organisation en masse du polypropylène isotactique par RMN du solide." Paris 12, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA120013.
Full textThe iPP M a great industrial polymer whose properties are related to his semi-crystallin character. The iPP tends to crystaffise under lamellar form, the crystallites being separated by amorphous regions. The degree of crystallinity, as well as the structural forms, largely depend on the crystallisation conditions. The macroscopic properties of the crystalline homopolymers are greatly related to the amorphous and crystalline spatial distribution and to the respective mobilities. The aim of this work is to study these features with the use of the 1H and 13C NMR techniques. The nature of the crystalline form has been studied by solid-state 13C NMR. The values of the relaxation times, T1 (1H) and T1p(1H), in the crystalline regions reflect the size and the perfection of the crystallites. Thus, we have monitored the transformation of the smectic phase of a quenched sample to the alpha-form. The 1H NMR made it possible to obtain quantitative information on the different phases. We have evidenced, by 1H NMR, three distinct regions in the iPP: a crystalline phase, a free amorphous phase and a constraint amorphous phase. A good correlation has been obtained between the percentage of the different regions, measured by NMR, and the rate of the crystalline regions measured by X-ray scattering. The mobility of the free amorphous phase depends on the annealing temperature. An annealing at high temperature indeed allows to relax the constraints of this phase. The influence of the regio-defects on the bulk organisation of the iPP has been studied by means of iPP synthesized by metallocene catalysis exhibiting tail-to-tail linking defects and iPP/Ethylene copolymers. The presence of defects induces a noticeable decrease of the crystalline degree. The localisation of the defects in the iPP has been realised by 13C NMR. The major part of the defects is in the amorphous phase. However, we have highlighted that a little fraction of these defects are included in the crystallites
Warnet, Xavier. "Études des membranes biologiques par RMN du solide in cellulo." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC177.
Full textNuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has revealed efficient for in situ (and in vivo) structural studies of biological macro-molecules. The first studies focused on small soluble molecules, and quickly, the interest shifted toward the study of soluble proteins. For few years now, magie-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR has appeared as a technique of choice to obtain structural information about membrane proteins in their native environment (biological membranes). It is now well established that the two major components of biological membranes, that is to say: lipids and membrane proteins, are intimately connected, and the study of their mutual influences constitute a crucial step in die comprehension of biological membranes as a whole. In order to bring some dues regarding this question we have chosen a particular system: the strain C43(70E3) and its network of proliferating membranes, formed after the over-expression of the b subunit of the ATP synthase F1F0 of E. Coli. The analysis of the organisation of this network, and the involvement of the b subunit (via MAS NMR 13C/15N) and lipids (via mass spectrometry and MAS NMR 31P) allowed us to obtain some information regarding the importance of these two components in the establishment and stabilisation of this membrane network. Moreover, during this project, the combination of 2H NMR and MAS appeared as a technique particularly suited for die study of biological membranes of whole cells (alive) under various growth conditions. Also, the methods used and developed during this project could prove beneficial in the study of various biological membranes, from a proteic and lipidic stand point
Lancelot, Nathalie. "Etude par RMN HRMAS de molécules greffées sur support solide : Etude par RMN VASS de protéines dans des milieux orientés." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR13127.
Full textThis work is divided into two parts. The first part is dedicated to the secondary structural study of peptides grafted to a resin by High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HRMAS) NMR. We have shown by HRMAS NMR that poly-Aib (-aminoisobutyric acid) peptides and C-tetrasubstituted homo-peptides [L-(Me)Leu]n (n = 1-5) adopt a regular 310-helical structure even when covalently bound to a polymeric matrix. Such systems are very useful in molecular recognition studies or as catalysts in asymmetric synthesis. The second part is dedicated to the study of oriented media by Variable Angle Sample Spinning (VASS) NMR. NMR spectra of ubiquitin in the presence of bicelles at a concentration of 25% w/v have been recorded under sample spinning conditions for different angles of rotation. For an axis of rotation equal to the magic angle ( = 54,7°), the 1H/15N HSQC recorded without any 1H decoupling in the indirect dimension corresponds to the classical spectrum obtained on a protein in an isotropic solution and allows the measurement of pure isotropic scalar J-couplings 1JNH. For an angle of rotation inferior to the magic angle ( < 54,7°), the bicelles orient with their normal perpendicular to the spinning axis, whereas for an angle of rotation superior to the magic angle ( > 54,7°) the bicelles orient with their normal along the spinning axis. This bicelle alignment creates anisotropic conditions that give rise to the observation of residual dipolar couplings in ubiquitin. The magnitude of these dipolar couplings depends directly on the angle that the rotor makes with the main magnetic field. By changing this angle in a controlled manner, residual dipolar couplings can be either scaled up or down thus offering the possibility to study simultaneously a wide range of dipolar couplings in the same sample
Stein, Paul Christiaan. "Contribution à l'étude des conducteurs organiques par la RMN." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112182.
Full textThis thesis presents a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) investigation of the organic conductors (TMTSF)₂Clo₄ and (TMTSF)₂PF₆. NMR results on the proton and carbon atoms are correlated to the physical and structural properties of these conductors. At ambient temperature the effective dimensionality has been studied by proton NMR. The salts exhibit a cross-over from a two-dimensional regime to a one-dimensional regime as a function of the timescale of the measurements, which is fixed by the magnetic field. High resolution ¹³C CP-MAS NMR experiments have allowed resolution of all individual carbon sites. The different sites exhibit strong, anisotropic deviations from Korringa's law. At law temperatures the metal-insulator (spin density wave) transition in TMTSF) PF has been studied by proton NMR as a function of orientation and temperature at various magnetic fields in the neighborhood of the spin-flop field. The spin-lattice relaxation rate exhibits a divergence at the transition temperature, which is well described by a three-dimensional coupling to critical fluctuations. In order to estimate the influence of molecular motion on the proton relaxation time, a study of methylgroup rotation has been performed by proton NMR between 20 K and 300 K
Tembou, Nzudie Denis. "Etude de l'interphase des latex core-shell par la RMN du solide à haute résolution." Mulhouse, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MULH0234.
Full textHerbert-Pucheta, José-Henrique. "Aspects structuraux, dynamiques et méthodologiques de la résonance magnétique nucléaire à l'état solide de biomolécules." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066584.
Full textAn important number of molecular systems of biological interest like proteins cannot be studied by x-ray diffraction or liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance methods because of lack of single crystals or intrinsic insolubility. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy offers the potential to provide precious information about the secondary structure of proteins, protein-protein interactions, folding and internal dynamics. Extensive solid-state NMR studies have been done on microcrystalline proteins, amyloid fibrils, membrane proteins or micelle-protein suspensions. Yet methodological developments in sample preparation of microcrystalline proteins, as well as further development in high-resolution solid-state NMR techniques are necessary. This thesis focuses on a number of structural, motional and methodological aspects encountered in the studies of biomolecules by solid-state NMR. An insight into the structural and motional features of C-terminal domain of the Human Centrin 2 (C-ter HsCen2) complex in a microcrystalline state is presented in the first part of the dissertation. In the second part, it is shown how one- and two-dimensional solid-state NMR experiments can help to disentangle spectral features in systems containing a mixture of different crystallographic forms with crystallographically inequivalent molecules in the unit cell of L-arginine hydrochloride. Polymorphism of L-glycine samples obtained by laser-induced crystallization methods is also studied. The final chapter presents an approach for removing the intrinsic asymmetry of 2D solid-state homonuclear correlation spectra of uniformly labelled biomolecules by equilibrating the magnetization in the initial stage of exchange experiments. It is also shown that the requirements needed for symmetrising the 2D exchange spectra are similar to the requirements needed to record quasi-quantitative cross-polarization magic-angle spinning spectra
Fruchart, Jean-Sébastien. "Nouvelles méthodologies de synthèse en phase solide et apport de la RMN à l'angle magique pour la caractérisation d'intermédiaires sensibles." Lille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL2P012.
Full textParis, Michael. "Etude de l'ordre local dans les biopolymères par RMN du solide : applications aux traitements physico-chimiques de l'amidon." Le Mans, 2000. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2000/2000LEMA1017.pdf.
Full textThe 13C high resolution solid state NMR spectra of well defined starchy substrates - native and recrystallized starches - were recorded. For both A and B crystalline polymorphs, the decomposition of these spectra showed the existence of three phases in natives starches (amorphous, intermediate and crystalline) and only two in recrystallized starches (intermediate and crystalline). The plasticizing/structuring role of water was evidenced for each phase. Moreover, the comparison of the crystalline phase amount determined by NMR and X-ray diffraction showed the simultaneous water molecules effects at both local and microscopic scales. The non-crystalline phase rnultiplicity led us to the first experimental study of amorphous state characterization in starches. Decomposition of the13C high resolution solid state NMR spectra of amorphous samples prepared from various starchy substrates with different techniques showed the heterogeneous reproducible character of these amorphous samples. Indeed, only 4 main types of well identified and stable of (1-4) linkages exist in these substrates. Moreover, two of them are dependent on the sample history (technique of preparation and branching points). In addition to the spectral decomposition characterization, a dynamical approach was undertaken. For the amorphous starchy substrates, the magnetization curves versus crosspolarization contact time were plotted for each individual component evidenced by the spectral decomposition. In agreement with 2D NMR WISE experiments, the fitting of these curves need a two proton reservoirs model of cross-polarization. The determination and the interpretation of the characteristic parameters of this model yielded informations about water molecules distribution inside the samples. Moreover, this dynamical approach confirmed some of our previous results obtained by spectral decomposition. Finally, the 13C chemical shift anisotropy versus glycosidic angles (D,Y) was predicted from ab initio calculations (Gaussian 98). This anisotropy was also determined by 2D NMR chemical shift recoupling experiments. The comparison of both allowed to estimate the glycosidic angles values associated to the different types of the c(1-4) linkages. The first results of this method were discussed
Colsenet, Roxane. "Étude par RMN de la diffusion moléculaire : influence de la structure des protéines laitières à l'état liquide et gélifié." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2111.
Full textLacoste, Jean-François. "Élaboration de fibres de poly(éthylène téréphtalate) à propriétés thermomécaniques améliorées par modification chimique à l'état fondu et à l'état solide." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10045.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to enhance the thermomechanical properties of PET fibers trialkoxysilane end-group crosslinking (hydrolysis-condensation) after the functionalization the alcohol and acid PET end-groups with bifunctional reagents. OH groupes were reacted with anhydride or isocyanate and COOH groups with epoxide. Reaction kinetics were studied by NMR on end-group model compounds. During melt modification many degradation and side reactions were observed and crosslinking occurred after hydrolysis-condensation. Thus we preferred to study the solid-state functionalization by diffusion of reagents at temperatures below 256°C. After solid-state modification, crosslinking finally occured giving maximum gel contents of 70°C. Mechanical properties of partially crosslinked samples were maintained up to 320°C
Gerbaud, Guillaume. "Etude des facteurs qui influencent la qualité du découplage hétéronucléaire en résonance magnétique nucléaire de l'état solide." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX11012.
Full textMartineau-Corcos, Charlotte. "Caractérisation structurale de fluorures inorganiques par RMN du solide haute résolution multidimensionnelle et multi-noyaux." Le Mans, 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2008/2008LEMA1023.pdf.
Full textThis thesis presents the structural investigation of inorganic fluorides by combining high resolution multinuclear and multidimensional solid state NMR, neutron or X-ray diffraction and ab initio calculation of electric field gradients. Such an approach allowed the determination of the crystalline structures of Pb5Ga3F19 and β-Pb2ZnF6. The structural models were supported by 1D MAS NMR experiments (19F, 207Pb and 71Ga or 67Zn) as well as 2D correlation MAS NMR experiments based on homonuclear 19F-19F dipolar couplings and, for the first time, on heteronuclear 19F-207Pb scalar and dipolar couplings. Fluorine ion mobility has been evidenced and characterized in these compounds by MAS variable temperature 19F 1D NMR and 2D exchange NMR experiments. Impedance spectroscopy measurements have been carried out revealing interesting anionic conductivity properties in β-Pb2ZnF6. A particular interest has been devoted to the measurements of 19F-207Pb J-couplings, which are not resolved on the MAS NMR spectra of the crystalline and glassy lead fluorides under study. This has lead to the development of the "multiple-quantum filtered J-resolved" experiment, efficient in this dilute spin system. The wide range of 19F-207Pb coupling constant values reflects the diversity of the lead and fluorine ion environments in these materials. Finally, numerous 19F, 23Na and 27Al NMR lines of crystalline compounds from the ternary system NaF-CaF2-AlF3 have been assigned by determining and modelling the NMR parameters. Moreover, we have shown, on other fluoroaluminates, the advantages and limits of 2D correlation NMR experiments
Sahour, Mohamed Elhaddi. "Application de la résonance magnétique nucléaire à l'étude des mouvements moléculaires à l'état solide : cas du 1-cyanoadamantane." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10021.
Full textCuny, Jérôme. "RMN du solide et modélisation : outils convergents pour le développement de nouveaux matériaux." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S067.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of molybdenum (Mo) cluster compounds using an approach that combines solid-state ⁹⁵MoNMR and quantum calculations. The solid-state NMR spectroscopy and the measurement tools that were used are presented in the first part. The theoretical aspects related to the quantum calculation of NMR parameters in periodic systems are described. The validation of the computational methods used in the case of model Mo compounds: ternary molybdates and the Mo hexacarbonyl. The study of Mo cluster compounds is then presented. We present the validation of the computational methods and the experimental approaches used in the case of the ⁹⁵Mo nucleus for six model compounds. The study of compounds that present structural indetermination is then presented. The last part is devoted to the study of oxide compounds : a family of compounds that contain the cluster Mo₃O₁₃, NaMo₄O₆ and the compounds AR₉Mo₁₆ O₃₅ (A = Li, Mg, Zn and R = rare-earth) that present the cluster Mo16
Poumeyrol, Thomas. "Résonance magnétique nucléaire du soufre-33 : application à la caractérisation des élastomères vulcanisés." Thesis, Orléans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ORLE2075/document.
Full textSulfur vulcanization is a widely used crosslinking process of elastomers in the rubber industry, but the involved chemical mechanisms and the structure of the crosslinked materials are still poorly understood. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which allows selectively probing the sulfur chemical environments, can provide new information about the local structure of the crosslinked material. However, due to its intrinsic properties, the observation of the NMR active isotope of sulfur (33S) is challenging in solid materials and requires the use of a specific methodology. In this work, we show that the use of very high magnetic fields and convenient NMR methods allows studying the chemical environment of sulfur in solid materials. First principle computations of the NMR parameters have been performed and compared to experimental results. This comparison shows that the computations lead to a reliable prediction of the NMR parameters and can be used to assign the observed NMR signals to a chemical structure. The NMR parameters characteristic of sulfur atoms involved in crosslinks have been computed from structural models. For such sulfur local environments, extremely large quadrupolar coupling constants (CQ > 40 MHz) and thus ultra broad resonances are expected. The NMR detection limit of sulfur environments giving rise to such very broad lines has been investigated through the 33S NMR study of elemental sulfur. In the case of vulcanized rubbers, the results of this work suggest that the NMR observation of the distinct sulfur chemical environments present in the crosslinked networks requires the use of both ultra high magnetic field and very low temperature
Kolokolov, Daniil. "Dynamique d'espèces adsorbées dans des matériaux poreux étudiée par ²H NMR et spectroscopie neutronique." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833374.
Full textGardiennet-Doucet, Carole. "Exploitation de l'anisotropie de déplacement chimique pour l'étude de la géométrie moléculaire et des contacts intermoléculaires par résonance magnétique nucléaire à l'état solide." Nancy 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN10010.
Full textThis work presents various methodologies to probe the molecular geometry and the nature of intermolecular contacts in organic and inorganic solids. The first part gives a brief description of basic principles of solid-state NMR that are used through these studies. In the second part, the variation of chemical shielding tensor principal values of carboxy carbon-13 and phosphate phosphorus-31 upon deprotonation is correlated with ionisation state, conformation and nature of the intermolecular interactions. The third part deals with the characterisation of the strong hydrogen bond involving the silanols of sodium hydrous polysilicates, using complementary methods such as 1H-29Si cross-polarisation dynamics and dipolar modulation of the 29Si chemical shift anisotropy at slow spinning frequency
Pizzala, Hélène. "Etude structurale et dynamique par résonnance magnétique nucléaire de salicylidèneamines substituées à l'état solide : transfert de proton et polymorphisme." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX11032.
Full textKern, Thomas. "Approches innovantes en RMN biomoléculaire : cinétiques moléculaires par RMN rapide et paroi bactérienne par RMN du solide." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825098.
Full textMarchetti, Alessandro. "Développements méthodologiques pour la cristallisation et l'analyse structurale de protéines par Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire en phase solide." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENSL0729.
Full textDespite the rapid diffusion of solid-state NMR (ssNMR) in the area of biomolecules, its application is far away of being systemic, and many problems remain however tobe solved before it is applied to the study of challenging solid protein assemblies. In order to extend the capabilities of ssNMR to larger substrates, the objectives of this thesis are twofold: a) to establish a new, large and more complex model system, and b) to develop new, sophisticated NMR experiments in order to improve the sensitivity and the resolution of the currently existing schemes for resonance assignment. The N-terminal domain of the Polymerase subunit III of E. coli was chosen as a target system. Sample preparation conditions are obtained, notably in combination with automated screening processes, and almost complete resonance assignment is performed based on high-power rf irradiations and slow magic-angle spinning (MAS. We show that the use use of MAS at so-called ultra-fast spinning rates (60 kHz makes possible the use of "totally low power" experiments. This yields an extraordinary increase in resolution and sensitivity, enabling the acquisition of selective cross polarization (CP) transfers, through-bond correlations and 1H-detected correlations. Narrow 1H NMR line widths and robust backbone assignment can be obtained for fully protonated medium-size protein samples in the solid state under ultra-fast magic-angle spinning, without any need for dilution against a deuterated background. The final part of this thesis concerns the study of thermotropic liquid crystals (LX) phases of a de Vries smectogen, the (S)-hexyl-lactate derivative abbreviated as 9HL, selectively deuterated
Nonostante la rapida diffusione della RMN allo stato solido (ssNMR) nell’ambito delle biomolecule, molti problemi rimangono da risolvere prima che quest’ultima possa essere applicata ad applicazioni più complesse. Allo scopo di estendere le sue potenzialità, gli obiettivi di questa tesi sono duplici. a) stabilire un nuovo sistema modello, più complesso delle semplici proteine globulari e b) sviluppare nuovi e piu sofisticati esperimenti NMR al fine di migliorare la sensibilità e la risoluzione dei metodi attualmente esistenti per l'assegnazione delle risonanze. Il dominio N-terminale dell’unita ε della DNA Polimerasi III di E.Coli è stato scelto come sistema bersaglio. Le condizioni di preparazione del campione sono ottenute grazie a processi di screening ad alta capacita, e l’assegnazione quasi complete delle risonanze è effettuata tramite l’applicazione di esperimenti routinari basati su irradiazioni RF a alta potenza e rotazioni all’angolo magico a bassa frequenza. Mostriamo che l’utilizzo di rotazioni all’angolo magico “ultra-MAS” (60 kHz) rende possibile l’uso di esperimenti “a basse potenze” mostrando uno straordinario aumento di risoluzione e sensibilità, e permettendo l’acquisizione di trasferimenti di polarizzazione selettivi, di correlazioni scalari attraverso i legami chimici e di correlazioni acquisite al protone. Larghezze di linea sottili al protone sono ottenute per campioni di proteine interamente protonate allo stato solido senza che sia necessaria diluizione in ambiente deuterato. L’ultima parte della tesi riguarda lo studio di fasi liquido-cristalline termotropiche di uno smettogeno de Vries, il derivato dello (S)-esil-lattato, abbreviato come 9HL, selettivamente deuterato
El, Mammeri Nadia. "Etude d'assemblages protéiques biologiques supramoléculaires par RMN du solide." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0217.
Full textI have worked on elucidating and studying biological nanomachines using mainly solid-state NMR (SSNMR): (i) The protein SesB found in Nectria haematococca whose assembly into amyloid fibrils is thought to be involved in programmed-cell death signalling mechanisms. Using magic-angle spinning SSNMR, a novel structural amyloid fold model for Nectria haematococca amyloid fibrils was established. (ii) Proteins called TasA, TapA, and CalY found in Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus whose assembly into amyloid fibrils is involved in biofilm formation and integrity. Bacillus subtilis and its mutants have been studied using whole-cell SSNMR to understand the impact of biofilm matrix components deletion in the overall cell wall, and matrix composition. The protein TasA found in Bacillus subtilis has been observed to perturb liposomes as membrane models. (iii) HET-s, the well documented fungal functional amyloid, used here as a model system in a scheme to use the combined advantages of DNP, fast MAS, and spin dilution in the context of structural biology studies. A relevant use of DNP in combination with fast MAS and specific labelling has been proven to be a potential robust strategy for structural characterization of supramolecular assemblies. (iv) Unusual, ribbon-like protein polymers called R-bodies (Type 51 refractile bodies) found in many bacterial species, such as Caedibacter and Pseudomonas. A complete resonance assignment of R- bodies was achieved using very fast MAS SSNMR. A structural model of the monomers was established and accounts for their interesting pH-dependent switch, as well as the ability to deliver biomolecules
Gaillard, Marina. "Etude par spectroscopies IR et RMN du solide de l'interaction de H2S avec des zéolithes Y échangées : Influence de H2S sur les propriétés acides." Caen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CAEN2005.
Full textRougier, Léa. "Dynamique et orientation de peptides transmembranaires : étude couplant calculs quantiques et RMN du solide." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1104/.
Full textThis thesis shows a brand new approach, coupling quantum calculations of NMR properties and solid-state NMR experiments. The aim is to establish a methodology that can determine the orientation and dynamics of model peptides in model membrane, more particularly the WALP 23 peptide in DMPC membrane. First, a complete study was carried out on the quantum calculations of chemical shift anisotropies (CSA) tensors, in order to determine the important elements that have to be taken into account in this kind of calculation. Then, these calculations were coupled to solid-state NMR measurements, allowing to determine the orientation and dynamics parameters of the peptide, using an approach, that consists in considering several NMR constraints. Subsequently, a study coupling quantum calculation of CSA tensors and structures extracted from molecular dynamics, was carried to take into account of the internal dynamic effects of the peptide
Udupi, Seetharamacharya Sudheendra. "Solid-state NMR studies of membrane associated polypeptides : Applications to channel-forming peptides." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/UDUPI_SEETHARAMACHARYA_Sudheendra_2005.pdf.
Full textTrébosc, Julien Mathieu. "Méthodes d'analyse structurale par RMN haute résolution des noyaux quadripolaires et mesures des couplages à travers les liaisons et l'espace." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-317-318.pdf.
Full textCalin, Nathalie. "Etude thermique de quelques sels d'hétéropolymolybdates : mise en évidence d'interactions anion-anion et anion-cation à l'état solide." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-119.pdf.
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