Relevant bibliographies by topics / RNA-induced silencing complexes

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'RNA-induced silencing complexes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 29 September 2021
Last updated: 18 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "RNA-induced silencing complexes"

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Pantaleo, Vitantonio, György Szittya, and József Burgyán. "Molecular Bases of Viral RNA Targeting by Viral Small Interfering RNA-Programmed RISC." Journal of Virology 81, no. 8 (2007): 3797–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02383-06.

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ABSTRACT RNA silencing is conserved in a broad range of eukaryotes and operates in the development and maintenance of genome integrity in many organisms. Plants have adapted this system for antiviral defense, and plant viruses have in turn developed mechanisms to suppress RNA silencing. RNA silencing-related RNA inactivation is likely based on target RNA cleavage or translational arrest. Although it is widely assumed that virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) promotes the endonucleolytic cleavage of the viral RNA genome, this popular assumption has never been tested experimentally. Here we analy
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Joseph, Baby, Ajisha S.U, and Jeevitha M.V. "SiRNA Mediated Gene Silencing: A Mini Review." Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology 1, no. 3 (2012): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/aijst.1.3.140.

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Abstract - RNA interference (RNAi) technology has become a novel tool for silencing gene expression in cells or organisms. RNA interference is the process that double-stranded RNA induces the homology-dependent degradation of cognate mRNA mediated by 21-23 nucleotide short interfering RNA (siRNA). RNA interference is a powerful mechanism of gene silencing that underlies many aspects of eukaryotic biology. On the molecular level, RNAi is mediated by a family of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes called RNA-Induced Silencing Complexes (RISCs), which can be programmed to target virtually any nucle
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Csorba, Tibor, Aurelie Bovi, Tamás Dalmay, and József Burgyán. "The p122 Subunit of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Replicase Is a Potent Silencing Suppressor and Compromises both Small Interfering RNA- and MicroRNA-Mediated Pathways." Journal of Virology 81, no. 21 (2007): 11768–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01230-07.

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ABSTRACT One of the functions of RNA silencing in plants is to defend against molecular parasites, such as viruses, retrotransposons, and transgenes. Plant viruses are inducers, as well as targets, of RNA silencing-based antiviral defense. Replication intermediates or folded viral RNAs activate RNA silencing, generating small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which are the key players in the antiviral response. Viruses are able to counteract RNA silencing by expressing silencing-suppressor proteins. It has been shown that many of the identified silencing-suppressor proteins bind long double-stranded
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Lange, Heike, and Dominique Gagliardi. "Catalytic activities, molecular connections, and biological functions of plant RNA exosome complexes." Plant Cell 34, no. 3 (2021): 967–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koab310.

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Abstract RNA exosome complexes provide the main 3′–5′-exoribonuclease activities in eukaryotic cells and contribute to the maturation and degradation of virtually all types of RNA. RNA exosomes consist of a conserved core complex that associates with exoribonucleases and with multimeric cofactors that recruit the enzyme to its RNA targets. Despite an overall high level of structural and functional conservation, the enzymatic activities and compositions of exosome complexes and their cofactor modules differ among eukaryotes. This review highlights unique features of plant exosome complexes, suc
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Hong, Hao, Chunli Wang, Ying Huang, et al. "Antiviral RISC mainly targets viral mRNA but not genomic RNA of tospovirus." PLOS Pathogens 17, no. 7 (2021): e1009757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009757.

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Antiviral RNA silencing/interference (RNAi) of negative-strand (-) RNA plant viruses (NSVs) has been studied less than for single-stranded, positive-sense (+)RNA plant viruses. From the latter, genomic and subgenomic mRNA molecules are targeted by RNAi. However, genomic RNA strands from plant NSVs are generally wrapped tightly within viral nucleocapsid (N) protein to form ribonucleoproteins (RNPs), the core unit for viral replication, transcription and movement. In this study, the targeting of the NSV tospoviral genomic RNA and mRNA molecules by antiviral RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISC)
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Suzuki, Junya, and Sadaki Yokota. "PRKRA Localizes to Nuage Structures and the Ectoplasmic Specialization and Tubulobulbar Complexes in Rat and Mouse Testis." Journal of Histology 2014 (February 25, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/634290.

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The cytoplasmic RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) contains dsRNA binding proteins, including PRKRA, TRBP, and Dicer. RISC localizes to P-bodies. The nuage of the spermatogenic cells has function similar to the P-bodies. We study whether PRKRA localizes to nuage of spermatogenic cells of rat and mouse. PRKRA localized to four types of nuage structures, including aggregates of 60–90 nm particles, irregularly-shaped perinuclear granules, and intermitochondrial cement of pachytene spermatocytes, and chromatoid bodies of round spermatids. In addition, PRKRA is associated with dense material surr
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Tang, Fuchou, Petra Hajkova, Dónal O’Carroll, et al. "MicroRNAs are tightly associated with RNA-induced gene silencing complexes in vivo." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 372, no. 1 (2008): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.04.137.

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Valli, Adrian, Gabriela Dujovny, and Juan Antonio García. "Protease Activity, Self Interaction, and Small Interfering RNA Binding of the Silencing Suppressor P1b from Cucumber Vein Yellowing Ipomovirus." Journal of Virology 82, no. 2 (2007): 974–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01664-07.

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ABSTRACT The RNA silencing pathway mediated by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) plays an important antiviral role in eukaryotes. To counteract this defense barrier, a large number of plant viruses express proteins with RNA silencing suppression activity. Recently, it was reported that the ipomovirus Cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV), which lacks the typical silencing suppressor of members of the family Potyviridae, i.e., HCPro, has a duplicated P1 coding sequence and that the downstream P1 copy, named P1b, has silencing suppression activity. In this study, we provide experimental evidence th
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Piao, Xianghua, Xue Zhang, Ligang Wu, and Joel G. Belasco. "CCR4-NOT Deadenylates mRNA Associated with RNA-Induced Silencing Complexes in Human Cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 30, no. 6 (2010): 1486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01481-09.

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ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) repress gene expression posttranscriptionally by inhibiting translation and by expediting deadenylation so as to trigger rapid mRNA decay. Their regulatory influence is mediated by the protein components of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which deliver miRNAs and siRNAs to their mRNA targets. Here, we present evidence that CCR4-NOT is the deadenylase that removes poly(A) from messages destabilized by miRNAs in human cells. Overproducing a mutationally inactivated form of either of the catalytic subunits of this deadenylase (CCR4 or CAF1/POP2) significantly
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Grentzinger, Thomas, Stefan Oberlin, Gregory Schott, et al. "A universal method for the rapid isolation of all known classes of functional silencing small RNAs." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 14 (2020): e79-e79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa472.

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Abstract Diverse classes of silencing small (s)RNAs operate via ARGONAUTE-family proteins within RNA-induced-silencing-complexes (RISCs). Here, we have streamlined various embodiments of a Q-sepharose-based RISC-purification method that relies on conserved biochemical properties of all ARGONAUTEs. We show, in multiple benchmarking assays, that the resulting 15-min benchtop extraction procedure allows simultaneous purification of all known classes of RISC-associated sRNAs without prior knowledge of the samples-intrinsic ARGONAUTE repertoires. Optimized under a user-friendly format, the method –
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "RNA-induced silencing complexes"

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Chu, Chia-Ying. "Molecular Mechanism of RNA-Mediated Gene Silencing in Human Cells: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2008. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/388.

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Small non-coding RNAs regulate gene expression at posttranscriptional level in eukaryotic cells. Two classes of such small (~21-25 nt) RNAs that have been extensively studied in gene silencing are short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). RNA interference (RNAi) is process whereby double-stranded RNA induces the sequence-specific degradation of homologous mRNA. The RNAi machinery can also be programmed in human cells by introducing 21-nt siRNA duplexes that are assembled into RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISC). In this dissertation, systematic analysis of siRNAs with deletion
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Horwich, Michael D. "Small RNA Sorting in Drosophila Produces Chemically Distinct Functional RNA-Protein Complexes: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2008. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/384.

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Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and piRNAs (piRNA) are conserved classes of small single-stranded ~21-30 nucleotide (nt) RNA guides that repress eukaryotic gene expression using distinct RNA Induced Silencing Complexes (RISCs). At its core, RISC is composed of a single-stranded small RNA guide bound to a member of the Argonaute protein family, which together bind and repress complementary target RNA. miRNAs target protein coding mRNAs—a function essential for normal development and broadly involved in pathways of human disease; small interfering RNAs (siRNA) defend against
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Howard-Till, Rachel A. "Small RNA pathways and the roles of tudor nucleases in gene silencing and DNA deletion in Tetrahymena thermopila /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5064.

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Broderick, Jennifer A. "Cooperativity in Mammalian RNA Silencing: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/548.

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Argonaute proteins are the core component of an RNA silencing complex. The human genome encodes four Argonaute paralogs –Ago1, Ago2, Ago3 and Ago4– proteins that are guided to target mRNAs by microRNAs. More than 500 miRNAs are conserved between mammals, and each microRNA can repress hundreds of genes, regulating almost every cellular process. We still do not fully understand the molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate gene expression. Although we understand many aspects of microRNA biogenesis and formation of the RNA-induced silencing complex, much less is known about the subsequent ste
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Sigova, Alla A. "RNA Silencing Pathways in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Drosophila melanogaster: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2006. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/225.

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RNA silencing is an evolutionary conserved sequence-specific mechanism of regulation of gene expression. RNA interference (RNAi), a type of RNA silencing in animals, is based on recognition and endonucleolytic cleavage of target mRNA complimentary in sequence to 21-nucleotide (nt) small RNA guides, called small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Another class of 21-nt small RNAs, called micro RNAs (miRNAs), is endogenously encoded in eukaryotic genomes. Both production of siRNAs from long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and biogenesis of miRNAs from hairpin structures are governed by the ribonuclease III
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Xu, Yunhe. "Molecular and diagnostic aspects of the protein p41 of HHV-6 and silencing of the CD46 receptor by RNA interference /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-553-0.

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Matranga, Christian B. "Understanding Assembly of AGO2 RISC: the RNAi enzyme: a Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2007. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/347.

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In 1990, Richard Jorgensen’s lab initiated a study to test if they could create a more vivid color petunia (Napoli et al. 1990). Their plan was to transform plants with the chalcone synthase transgene––the predicted rate limiting factor in the production of purple pigmentation. Much to their surprise, the transgenic plants, as well as their progeny, displayed a great reduction in pigmentation. This loss of endogenous function was termed “cosuppression” and it was thought that sequence-specific repression resulted from over-expression of the homologous transgene sequence. In 1998, Andrew Fire a
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Du, Tingting. "Dissecting Small RNA Loading Pathway in Drosophila melanogaster: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2008. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/356.

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In the preceding chapters, I have discussed my doctoral research on studying the siRNA loading pathway in Drosophila using both biochemical and genetic approaches. We established a gel shift system to identify the intermediate complexes formed during siRNA loading. We detected at least three complexes, named complex B, RISC loading complex (RLC) and RISC. Using kinetic modeling, we determined that the siRNA enters complex B and RLC early during assembly when it remains double-stranded, and then matures in RISC to generate Argonaute bearing only the single-stranded guide. We further characteriz
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Nhlabatsi, Neliswa. "Comparing the silencing efficacy of dicer-independent and dependent shRNAs." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/17510.

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A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. Johannesburg, 2014.<br>RNA interference (RNAi) is a highly conserved gene regulatory mechanism triggered by the presence of double-stranded RNAs and results in post-transcriptional and transcriptional gene silencing. RNAi has been demonstrated to have therapeutic potential to treat chronic viral infections including HIV-1. Due to the side effects of and eventual drug resistance to highly active antiretroviral therapy, a nove
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Sibony, Michal. "Autophagy Regulates Expression of Argonaute 2, a Critical Regulator of the MicroRNA Silencing Pathway." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/42408.

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Genome-wide association studies have implicated autophagy in Crohn’s Disease (CD) pathogenesis. The functional relevance of autophagy in CD remains unknown. I hypothesized that autophagy is involved in microRNA silencing, another process implicated in CD pathogenesis. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that are loaded onto RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and promote degradation and/or repress translation of target mRNAs. RISC formation and turnover occurs on endosomal membranes. Since autophagosomes and endosomes are closely related and RISC components are downstream effectors of microRN
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Books on the topic "RNA-induced silencing complexes"

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T, Lyland Roger, and Browning Irving B, eds. RNA interference research progress. Nova Science Publishers, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "RNA-induced silencing complexes"

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Iki, Taichiro, Masayuki Ishikawa, and Manabu Yoshikawa. "In Vitro Formation of Plant RNA-Induced Silencing Complexes Using an Extract of Evacuolated Tobacco Protoplasts." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7165-7_3.

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Jones, Huw D. "Gene silencing or gene editing: the pros and cons." In RNAi for plant improvement and protection. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248890.0006.

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Abstract Research into plant genetics often requires the suppression or complete knockout of gene expression to scientifically validate gene function. In addition, the phenotypes obtained from gene suppression can occasionally have commercial value for plant breeders. Until recently, the methodological choices to achieve these goals fell into two broad types: either some form of RNA-based gene silencing; or the screening of large numbers of natural or induced random genomic mutations. The more recent invention of gene editing as a tool for targeted mutation potentially gives researchers and plant breeders another route to block gene function. RNAi is widely used in animal and plant research and functions to silence gene expression by degrading the target gene transcript. Although RNAi offers unique advantages over genomic mutations, it often leads to the formation of a genetically modified organism (GMO), which for commercial activities has major regulatory and acceptance issues in some regions of the world. Traditional methods of generating genomic mutations are more laborious and uncertain to achieve the desired goals but possess a distinct advantage of not being governed by GMO regulations. Gene editing (GE) technologies have some of the advantages of both RNAi and classical mutation breeding in that they can be designed to give simple knockouts or to modulate gene expression more subtly. GE also has a more complex regulatory position, with some countries treating it as another conventional breeding method whilst the EU defines GE as a technique of genetic modification and applies the normal GMO authorization procedures. This chapter explores the pros and cons of RNAi alongside other methods of modulating gene function.
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Jones, Huw D. "Gene silencing or gene editing: the pros and cons." In RNAi for plant improvement and protection. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248890.0047.

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Abstract Research into plant genetics often requires the suppression or complete knockout of gene expression to scientifically validate gene function. In addition, the phenotypes obtained from gene suppression can occasionally have commercial value for plant breeders. Until recently, the methodological choices to achieve these goals fell into two broad types: either some form of RNA-based gene silencing; or the screening of large numbers of natural or induced random genomic mutations. The more recent invention of gene editing as a tool for targeted mutation potentially gives researchers and plant breeders another route to block gene function. RNAi is widely used in animal and plant research and functions to silence gene expression by degrading the target gene transcript. Although RNAi offers unique advantages over genomic mutations, it often leads to the formation of a genetically modified organism (GMO), which for commercial activities has major regulatory and acceptance issues in some regions of the world. Traditional methods of generating genomic mutations are more laborious and uncertain to achieve the desired goals but possess a distinct advantage of not being governed by GMO regulations. Gene editing (GE) technologies have some of the advantages of both RNAi and classical mutation breeding in that they can be designed to give simple knockouts or to modulate gene expression more subtly. GE also has a more complex regulatory position, with some countries treating it as another conventional breeding method whilst the EU defines GE as a technique of genetic modification and applies the normal GMO authorization procedures. This chapter explores the pros and cons of RNAi alongside other methods of modulating gene function.
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Saxena, Shipra, Sneha Yogindran, Manmohan Arya, Yogita Sharma, and Chandra Pal Singh. "RNAi-Mediated Control of Lepidopteran Pests of Important Crop Plants." In Moths and Caterpillars. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96429.

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Insects as pests destroy annually an estimated 18–20% of the crop production worldwide. Caterpillars, the larval stage of moths, are the major pests of agricultural products owing to their voracious feeding habits. In the past few decades, the potent methods of insect control, such as insecticides and Bt toxins, have been constrained as a result of health hazards, environmental issues, and development of resistance, after their prolonged application. Thus, there is need to find alternative options to improve plant protection strategies. Recently, RNA interference (RNAi), the post-transcriptional gene-silencing mechanism, has emerged as one of such a novel, sustainable, and environment friendly approaches for insect management and crop protection. RNAi technology relies on selection of a vital insect pest target gene and its expression as a double stranded RNA or stem-loop RNA molecule, which is recognized by the host RNAi machinery and processed into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or microRNAs (miRNAs). The siRNA/miRNA along with the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) binds to the complimentary mRNA and induce gene silencing at post-transcriptional level. With effective target-gene selection and transgenic plants expressing these precursor RNA molecules, insect pests of various crops have been efficiently managed. In this chapter, we discuss the basic mechanism of RNAi and its application in controlling lepidopteran pests of important crop plants.
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Primrose, Sandy B. "A Virus That Promotes Its Own Transfer: Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus." In Microbiology of Infectious Disease. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192863843.003.0024.

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Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is a persistent plant virus; that is, one that replicates in both its insect vector (thrips) and plants. The viral NSs protein interferes with the plant’s RNA-induced silencing complex that is the first line of defence against virus infection. The NSs protein also interferes with the plant’s jasmonate-signalling pathway and suppresses the formation of insect-repellent terpenes. This makes infected plants more attractive to thrips than uninfected plants. Infected plants also have a higher free amino acid content which favours thrips reproduction. TSWV adapts to new plant hosts by the selection of mutants in its NSs and NSm proteins, mutation being facilitated by the error-prone nature of RNA replication.
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Zayani, Riham, Amira Ben Hassine, Amal Rabti, Amal Raouaf, and Noureddine Raouafi. "Electrochemical and Optical Detection of MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Cancer Diagnosis." In Current Cancer Biomarkers. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815079364123010016.

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According to the miRBase (v 22.1), released on October 2018, there are more than 1900 identified human microRNA mature sequences. MicroRNAs (aka miRNAs or miRs) are a class of short non-coding RNA sequences, which have been detected within the cells or in body fluids. They act as gene expression regulators and intervene in numerous physiologic and development processes. They post-transcriptionally/translationally regulate expression of some proteins by forming miRNA-induced silencing complex (mRISC) by binding to 3’-UTR regions of the target messenger RNA to inhibit the protein synthesis. It has been noted that up- and down-regulation of miRs are associated with the pathogenesis of several types of human cancers since their target proteins are tumor-suppressive or oncogenic ones. This chapter will present a general summary of miRNA biogenesis, their link to cancer, and biological methods for their detection. Thanks to their ease of use and high sensitivity, electrochemical and optical techniques were used to detect miRNAs with or without the assistance of amplification methods. We will review the state-of-the-art electrochemical and optical methods for their detection, emphasizing the progress achieved in the last five years (2015-2020). Finally, we will present the main advantages, challenges, and future prospects for future research on detecting miRNAs for clinical diagnosis or prognosis in cancers.
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Conference papers on the topic "RNA-induced silencing complexes"

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Santhekadur, Prasanna K., Byoung Kwon Yoo, Rachel Gredler, et al. "Abstract 4706: Overexpression of the components of RNA-induced silencing complex: Contribution to hepatocellular carcinoma." In Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-4706.

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Reports on the topic "RNA-induced silencing complexes"

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Wang, X. F., and M. Schuldiner. Systems biology approaches to dissect virus-host interactions to develop crops with broad-spectrum virus resistance. United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2020.8134163.bard.

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More than 60% of plant viruses are positive-strand RNA viruses that cause billion-dollar losses annually and pose a major threat to stable agricultural production, including cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) that infects numerous vegetables and ornamental trees. A highly conserved feature among these viruses is that they form viral replication complexes (VRCs) to multiply their genomes by hijacking host proteins and remodeling host intracellular membranes. As a conserved and indispensable process, VRC assembly also represents an excellent target for the development of antiviral strategies that can b
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Tucker, Mark L., Shimon Meir, Amnon Lers, Sonia Philosoph-Hadas, and Cai-Zhong Jiang. Elucidation of signaling pathways that regulate ethylene-induced leaf and flower abscission of agriculturally important plants. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597929.bard.

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The Problem: Abscission is a highly regulated process, occurring as a natural terminal stage of development, in which various organs are separated from the parent plant. In most plant species, the process is initiated by a decrease in active auxin in the abscission zone (AZ) and an increase in ethylene, and may be accelerated by postharvest or environmental stresses. Another potential key regulator in abscission is IDA (Inflorescence Deficient in Abscission), which was identified as an essential peptide signal for floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis. However, information is still lacking re
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