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Journal articles on the topic 'Road design and construction'
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1
Jaroslav, Hauser, Ševelová Lenka, Matula Radek, and Zedník Petr. "Optimization of low volume road pavement design and construction." Journal of Forest Science 64, No. 2 (February 28, 2018): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/109/2017-jfs.
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Low volume roads in the Czech Republic are roads with lower traffic volume that primarily include forest and field roads, and they are an integral part of the Czech transport network. When building road pavements, we can use processes for surveying, designing, building and inspecting road constructions included in national and international, particularly European, standards. In addition, the roads are evaluated in terms of their environmental impacts, in order to maintain the quality of the environment. However, during the construction of road pavements decisions based on financial, time and other reasons are made. The decisions have impacts on the operation of roads and lead to other measures and additional costs of repairs and reconstructions. The article summarizes the authors’ research results from constructions of low volume road pavements and contains evaluations of laboratory and in situ material tests (soils, layers) of installed road pavements as well as evaluations of modelled laboratory and long-term monitored in situ structures.
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Kuang, Degang. "Analysis on Reconstruction Design of Old Urban Roads." Urban Transportation & Construction 6, no. 3 (November 19, 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/utc.v6i3.91.
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<p>With the continuous development of cities, the urban roads built in the early days can no longer meet the needs of modern urban transportation. Therefore, in the current urban development and construction process, the reconstruction of old roads is the key construction content. At the same time, the transformation of old urban roads is also an inevitable requirement to improve the urban road system and improve the level of urban communication infrastructure construction and transportation service capacity. The reconstruction of old roads meets the requirements of the overall planning and construction of modern cities, and plays a vital role in promoting the development and progress of urban economy and improving the quality of life of urban residents. In the process of urban old road reconstruction, because the original urban road environment is very complex and involves many factors, the rational design of the construction scheme of the old road reconstruction project is the key factor affecting the effect of the old road reconstruction. This paper makes an in-depth exploration and analysis of the old road reconstruction design of urban roads, and puts forward scientific and reasonable suggestions in combination with the actual situation, so as to provide reliable theoretical support for improving the old road reconstruction level and promoting the urbanization development process in China.</p>
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Corbett, Matt, and Juan Gaviria. "Integration of Comprehensive Environmental and Social Measures into Low-Volume Road Design for the Hills of Nepal." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819a-18.
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Road construction through Nepal’s hilly and mountainous terrain has historically had a significant impact on the local environment and land-owners, primarily because of the steep and often unstable terrain traversed, monsoonal climate, necessity for low-cost roads, and no landowner compensation for compulsorily acquired land. The design phase of the Road Maintenance and Development Project sought to incorporate comprehensive environmental and social measures into the design of low-cost roads in the western hills of Nepal to achieve more stable and lower-impact roads. The project involved the design of 196 km of new roads and 253 km of upgrading to existing roads by integrating engineering, environmental, social, and economic factors throughout the design process. The project began with the screening of candidate project roads on the basis of economic, environmental, and social factors by using a weighted scoring system to select those roads that would be most advantageous in relation to passenger and goods transport and associated economic development, while minimizing adverse environmental and social impacts. Proposed new road alignments were refined primarily through a walkover survey by a multidisciplinary team, ensuring that environmental and social issues were incorporated into this key stage of road design, when significant impacts can be avoided. Detailed road design incorporated comprehensive environmental management and social planning through integrated planning. Project outcomes include road designs that would increase road stability and have fewer construction impacts and the first comprehensive land and property compensation program for road construction in Nepal.
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Kamenchukov, Aleksey Viktorovich. "Quality road surfacing: two stages of control over design concept." Урбанистика, no. 4 (April 2020): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2310-8673.2020.4.34295.
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This article examines the questions of improving the quality of design concepts on construction and reconstruction of roads. The primary subject of this research is the road surface, the quality of which directly affects the convenience and safety of traffic. The author also assesses the effectiveness of the system “subgrade – road surface” in the conditions of cyclical dynamic load from vehicles and temporal variability of the characteristics of soil ground-geological environment. An overview is conducted on the relevant requirements to engineering of road surface and efficiency assessment of design concepts. The author considers the national and foreign experience of road construction, including modern software solutions. The two key aspects of selection and efficiency assessment of design solutions are formulated. The article describes the concept, algorithm and results of implementation of comprehensive methodology for assessing efficiency of engineering and construction of road surfaces. Detailed analysis is conducted on the stages of mathematical modeling and effectiveness of the system “subgrade – road surface”. An undisputable scientific novelty of this research consists in application of the modern mathematical apparatus, methods and techniques of linear programming, together with the leading company on the development of software for design and construction of roads. The necessity and practical importance of the elaborated concept on efficiency assessment of design concepts is confirmed by implementation into the practice of road construction. The conclusion is made that the application of integrated index of the effectiveness of construction of road surfaces, coupled with software packages for assessing the stress-deformed condition of soil ground-geological systems, allow eliminated the design errors and ensure maximal reliability and safety of roads under construction of reconstruction.
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Batrakova, A., Y. Dorozhko, E. Zakharova, and O. Kliuka. "ANALYSIS AND GENERALIZATION OF REGULATORY SUPPORT FOR GEODESIC SUPPORT OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION OBJECTS." Municipal economy of cities 4, no. 164 (October 1, 2021): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-4-164-99-103.
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The transfer of the project to the site requires the performance of measurements and constructions with high accuracy. Changes in the technology of geodetic works related to the computerization of geodesy, the introduction into geodetic practice of electronic geodetic instruments and automated processing programs, require the introduction into production of both traditional methods of geodetic measurements and new technologies and methods of geodetic works. Despite the fact that geodetic works are an integral part of construction, in the regulations on surveys, design and construction of roads and man-made structures quite limited regulation of the content of work on the transfer of projects to the field, division work, executive surveys, geodetic quality control, accuracy requirements, etc. Given the current state of regulatory and legal support for geodetic support of road construction sites, it is advisable to develop a national standard for the implementation of geodetic surveying and geodetic control in the construction of road construction sites. This standard will supplement the main provisions of regulations on the construction of roads and transport facilities. With the growing volume of design, construction and overhaul of roads, it is necessary to standardize all stages of design and construction work, including those related to geodetic production. The development of technologies and methods of geodetic works related to the computerization of geodesy requires the introduction into production of both traditional methods of geodetic measurements and new technologies and methods of geodetic works. Based on the analysis and generalization of regulatory support for geodetic support of design and construction of roads and artificial structures, the need to develop a national standard for geodetic surveying and geodetic control in the construction of road construction as a supplement to the basic provisions of regulations on road construction and transport facilities.
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Tereshchenko, Tatiana, and Serhii Illiash. "EXPERIENCE ON DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF ROAD PAVEMENTS USING THE CLAUSES OF EUROPEAN STANDARDS ON HYDRAULICALLY BOUND MATERIALS." Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny, no. 3 (259) ’ 2019 (October 17, 2019): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33868/0365-8392-2019-3-259-42-50.
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Hydraulically bound mixtures (HBM) are most effectively applied in the base layers of flexible road pavements to enhance their load bearing capacity and also in the base layers of rigid road pavements in the case of weak soils of the sub-grade. The evaluation of Ukrainian standards which are identical to European standards relating HBM leads to the point of subsequent implementation of new requirements trough design and construction of motor roads in Ukraine. The by European standards stated requirements and classification of HBM provide a modelling regime closer to the performance of bound pavement layer and give the wider range of HBM designations with different strength properties. Thus, this article reviews such aspects of design and construction of road pavements with HBM layers which are distinguished from the conception approved now in Ukraine. The reviewed clauses on design and construction concern road pavements which, in accordance with the European practice, are classified as flexible pavements or semi-rigid pavements and are comprised of flexible (bitumen-bound) upper layers laid on a HBM base. The reviewed types of road pavement constructions are most eligible to emphasize the possibilities of implementation of new standard requirements in the Ukrainian road building industry. As it was concluded, the European standards state classification of HBM by compressive strength RC and classification by tensile strength in combination with elastic modulus Rt, E. These methods of classification are equivalent with no correlation intended between them and have been successfully used during design and construction of road pavement constructions comprised of bitumen-bound layers laid on a HBM base. When designing the motor roads with the above mentioned pavement construction to be loaded with high traffic, HBM of strength classes RС from С8/10 to С9/12 shall be contributed where classes of strength are determined by the type of a hydraulic binder and can be accorded to the categories by ”Rt, E” values not less than T3 (from T3 to T5). Keywords: hydraulically bound mixtures, classification by values of mechanical properties, compressive strength, base layers from hydraulically bound mixtures.
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Ryabova, O. V., A. V. Skrypnikov, V. G. Kozlov, and P. V. Tikhomirov. "STUDYING A GEOGRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENT FOR ROAD DESIGN." Russian Journal of Building Construction and Architecture, no. 1(49) (February 24, 2021): 66–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2021.49.1.006.
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Statement of the problem. The state of theoretical studies in the field of engineering and landscape zoning is detailed. Results. The analysis made it possible to outline the goals, objectives and the general methodology of research and modeling of organization and planning processes for the construction of departmental roads considering micro-landscapes, varying degrees of complexity of road construction, value of natural resources, species qualities of a road area as well as to optimize the design process of departmental highways.Conclusions. The suggested comprehensive assessment of the natural and technogenic conditions for the construction of departmental highways is gaining economic, technical and environmental significance and can be employed as the basis for landscape design of departmental highways.
8
Van Zyl, G. D., M. G. Henderson, and H. G. Fourie. "Optimizing Low-Volume Road Network Performance Through Improved Management, Design, and Construction." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819b-38.
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The Provincial Administration of the Western Cape in South Africa is responsible for 18,900 km of proclaimed roads, of which 10,500 km are unsurfaced. A formal gravel road management system has been in operation since 1989 that assists in prioritizing projects for regraveling and upgrading gravel roads to surfaced standards. Because of fund limitations for upgrading gravel roads to surfaced roads, there is a need to optimize performance of the gravel road network and maximize use of knowledge and latest research results for southern Africa. Staff shortages and loss of in-house expertise made external assistance necessary to improve service to road users. Processes formalized, implemented, and planned for this purpose included ( a) upgrading the gravel road management system to quantify benefits, prioritize activities, and select maintenance and improvement measures; ( b) appointing consulting engineers in each district to help manage borrow pits, materials design, training, construction supervision and quality control, maintenance planning and control, and performance monitoring; ( c) communication about project priorities, construction programs, work methods, construction team performance, and activity costs; and ( d) development of an operational web-enabled system to manage all activities related to unsurfaced roads. Within 1 year, a remarkable difference in gravel road performance was observed without a significant reduction in productivity. Total transportation costs were lowered with only a marginal increase in agency costs. Continuous communication among system operators, design engineers, project managers, and construction teams is considered one of the most important aspects in optimizing performance of the Western Cape low-volume road network. This study highlights the most important changes in management, systems, design, and construction and the practical innovations responsible for the successes achieved as a potentially valuable aid to those involved with providing and maintaining low-volume roads.
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Wang, Liji. "Application Strategy of Dynamic Management Mode in Municipal Road Survey and Design Management." Journal of Architectural Research and Development 6, no. 4 (July 13, 2022): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jard.v6i4.4134.
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With the continuous improvement of urbanization level, the construction of municipal roads has received more attention. The rational application of dynamic management mode to the survey and design management of municipal roads is conducive to improve the survey and design management level of municipal roads and further realizing the optimization of the construction effect of municipal roads. In this paper, the various factors which are affecting the management of municipal road survey and design as well the principles of municipal road design were discussed. Further, the recommendation of the application strategy of dynamic management mode in municipal road survey and design management was proposed in this paper.
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Shevchenko, Sergey, Sergey Ukolov, Dmitry Simonov, Vladimir Trepalin, and Liliya Yustikova. "Design of modular removable road pavement slabs for the agro-industrial complex." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 11025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017511025.
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The article deals with the justification for the design of a modular removable road pavement plate (slab) intended for high-speed construction of road sections and access roads to various objects of agricultural infrastructure under difficult off-road conditions. The proposed designs can be widely used in the rehabilitation of motor roads in the agricultural areas of eliminating the consequences of natural calamities, accidents and disasters in transport communications, at agricultural industry facilities, as well as for the deployment of road service enterprises.
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Boboc, Andrei, Ancuţa Rotaru, Vasile Boboc, and Gupinath Bhandari. "An Approach to Identify the Impact of Human Intervention on Major Defects in Road Design, Construction and Maintenance." Advanced Engineering Forum 21 (March 2017): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.21.327.
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The need to build and run roads offering structural integrity led to great advances in the fields of material sciences and fracture mechanics, but construction defects occur to either the new roads or the old ones. There are generally four categories of construction defects referring to roads: construction deficiencies, design deficiencies, material deficiencies, and subsurface deficiencies, but it is not uncommon for a design deficiency to link on to construction deficiencies in the structure.The paper aims to emphasise that people think different about hazard and safety especially when they build roads. Differently put, roads rely more heavily on their makers and users to limit both the occurrence and impact of human error in construction and maintenance on the one hand and to rectify and rehabilitate on the other hand to improve the safety performance of road transport systems and keep accidents from occurring.The paper aims to provide information about the defects occurred in the road construction and maintenance affecting human safety bringing forward practical examples. Moreover, it examines the materials widely implemented in the road construction from the viewpoint of their technological restraints and possible deficiencies. It also analyses some of the methods used on fields about how they might positively influence the road reliability and the human security implicitly.
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Hanafiyah, Ali Akbar, and Utamy Sukmayu Saputri. "ROAD IMPROVEMENT DESIGN ANALYSIS ON PANGLESERAN – CIBATU ROAD SECTION." astonjadro 10, no. 2 (October 17, 2021): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/astonjadro.v10i2.5001.
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<p>Highways are an important means for people to reach their destination. The main function of the road is as a service provider of traffic movement, making it easier for people to reach their destination, distributing goods quickly safely, comfortably, and economically. The road is not always in good condition, even a lot of damage to the pavement before the age of the road plan is reached. There are many cases of early damage to roads in Sukabumi Regency that are found during road improvement / construction activities. Road Section: Pangleseran – Cibatu is one of them that will be carried out Road Improvement / Construction in 2022. Because this road section already exists, it will only be implemented overlay / additional layer only. In search of additional pavement thickness used component analysis method SKBI 2.3.26.1987. Based on the results of the analysis for the road section: Pangleseran - Cbatu obtained thick pavement additional layers for the age of the plan 5 years with a thickness of 10 cm, while for the age of the plan 10 years is with a thickness of 14 cm. Type of pavement for road section: Pangleseran - Cibatu is cement concrete. As for the causative factors of road damage is due to the level of heavy vehicles ≥ 8 tons increased, and drainage systems are clogged due to sediment and closed disposal by the surrounding community.</p>
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Bullen, Frank. "Design and Construction of Low-Cost, Low-Volume Roads in Australia." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819b-22.
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Inexpensive roads constructed by using local knowledge of material behavior have been shown to be capable of meeting rural traffic requirements without the need for importation of hard and expensive quarried crushed rock or gravel. In Australia, low-cost, low-volume roads are typically rural roads constructed in a broad range of operating environments, varying from arid to tropical. The areas that contain the longest length of rural roads, however, are arid or semiarid and are often subjected to periods with low levels of precipitation and high levels of evaporation, frequently followed by periods of intense rainfall. Locally available materials for road making may not meet the usual standard road authority requirements for high-quality aggregate and are thus termed “marginal,” “nonstandard,” or even “inferior.” Because these materials are a resource that cannot be ignored, locally derived specifications are formulated for specific materials to allow more efficient expansion and maintenance of road networks in remote rural areas. Many of the subgrades within arid and semiarid areas are sensitive to water ingress and are termed “cracking” or “expansive” clays. The combination of hostile environment, poor subgrade, and marginal construction aggregates means that the engineer must take an entrepreneurial approach when developing the rural road infrastructure. Some of the methods used to develop and maintain a highway infrastructure for remote rural areas in Australia are outlined, with the Western Queensland region used for illustrative purposes.
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MARININ, Yevgeniy I., and Tatyana V. DORMIDONTOVA. "ABOUT CALCULATION OF TRANSITION CURVES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF ROADS." Urban construction and architecture 4, no. 4 (December 15, 2014): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2014.04.12.
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Method of calculating of transition curve required for design of roads turns, procedure of its construction insitu and its impact on ecological safety and reliability are presented. Questions of transition curves construction are considered. Analysis of calculation of trackway broadening is presented. Problems of clothoid application when tracing for organization of smooth slopes and increase of traffi c safety level are pulled down. Improvement of operational characteristics of design, construction and operation of roads develops production and economic level of road-construction enterprises, improves quality, reduces cost and improves ecological indexes of road-building materials, raises the eff ectiveness and ensures road traffi c safety.
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Guan, Bin Jun, and Shuang Jun Xing. "Design and Implementation of Combined Temporary Road and Permanent Road Construction." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 1167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.1167.
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Through designing of combined temporary road and permanent road construction, analyzing the main existed problems and providing the relevant measure, the case of implementation of a new large workshop district is introduced. It is favorable to rationally use of the existing resources, save construction investment and construction time.
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Mařík, Libor, and Matěj Bůžek. "Design of Concrete Pavement in the Považský Chlmec Tunnel." Solid State Phenomena 272 (February 2018): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.272.305.
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Construction of the Považský Chlmec Tunnel on the D3 Highway in the stretch Žilina (Strážov) – Žilina (Brodno) is being finished and the last structure before installation of the technological equipment has been a concrete pavement and construction works related to design and construction of the pavement. The paper describes not only the issue of road structural layers according to the regulation TP098 Design of Cement Concrete Pavements on Roads, but especially on a specific example of a tunnel already built we demonstrate general particularities of road surfaces in road and highway tunnels. These are, in particular, engineering requirements on the subgrade and possibilities of its drainage, design of joints of the cement concrete pavement in relation to the tunnel lining design, ensuring the necessary long-term roughness of the road surface, design of entries of utility lines (cables, drains) below the road surface, structural details connected with placement of kerbs and channel drains, lay-bys, impacts of use of self-extinguishing road drainage components in the load bearing system of the tunnel lining and other seemingly independent structures, which, however, in the confined tunnel space influence each other substantially. The paper focuses also on construction of the individual road courses with a recommendation for measures to adopt in order to eliminate damage to the tunnel structures completed (in particular, pavements, channel drains and kerbs), coordination of the other works in the tunnel ensuring safety of all workers, logistics (transport of pavers and cement concrete mix) and other apparently tiny details, which result in safe and fast work when placing the road courses in a restricted tunnel space. In the paper, the authors have taken into account requirements of the road engineering segment and also geotechnical requirements and particularities of the tunnel construction and point out the necessity of a multi-professional approach to the design to achieve an optimal solution. Based on their own experience, at the end of the paper, the authors give recommendations on amending the standards and regulations, which in some cases do not allow for construction of road surfaces in tunnels (i.e. deep under the ground).
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Zhang, Hao, Zhehua Zhang, Ping Zhang, Xinyan Wang, and Jun Jiang. "Improvement and Design of Road Construction Hoardings." Journal of Environmental Science Studies 5, no. 1 (May 11, 2022): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/jess.v5i1.1185.
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Today, with the improvement of social productivity, the quality of life of our residents has been unprecedentedly improved, but the problems of uncoordinated, insufficient and unsustainable development still exist, such as the environmental problems closely related to people's lives. In recent years, sandstorms, automobile exhaust, industrial and agricultural smoke and dust, construction dust and other haze caused by the haze, has seriously affected the normal life of the people, the normal production of society, the health of residents; among them, construction dust, is gradually becoming the leading factor leading to air quality pollution, but as long as the right measures, construction work construction. The first convenient installation, saving time for installation and later disassembly, the second convenient device disassembly and handling effect, at the same time sealing snap post and sealing snap slot snap, complete the sealing fit of the two wind protection plate, increase the sealing of the device, so as to improve the device wind protection effect and improve the overall practicality of the device.
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Batrakova, A., Y. Dorozhko, and E. Zakharova. "ANALYSIS AND JUSTIFICATION OF NORMATIVE SUPPORT OF EARTH DESIGN DESIGN IN COMPLEX ENGINEERING AND GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS." Municipal economy of cities 6, no. 166 (November 30, 2021): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-6-166-81-87.
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Designing of a ground cloth is the most responsible stage as destruction or inadmissible deformations of a ground cloth connected with design errors lead to decrease in reliability of all constructive elements of highways, increase in expenses for maintenance of a standard technical and operational condition of road clothes, culverts, elements. arrangement, etc. Insufficient strength of the ground structure is one of the causes of deformations and destruction of the structure of the pavement, which leads to deteriorating traffic conditions, increased damage from traffic accidents, increased cost of transportation and more. At the same time, the normative documents on road design do not contain any regulations on the procedure and methods of calculating the road surface in difficult conditions (on weak, subsidence soils, in rocky soils). Therefore, in order to further develop the list of mandatory calculations during the design of the ground, it is necessary to analyze and generalize the regulatory framework for the construction of the ground of public roads, to determine the requirements for the design of the ground in complex engineering and geological conditions. The purpose of this study is to generalize the regulatory requirements for the design of the ground of public roads in complex engineering and geological conditions. According to the results of the analysis, it is established that in the normative documents on the design of the road surface in difficult engineering and geological conditions there is no regulation on the procedure and methods of calculating the road surface in difficult conditions (on weak, subsidence soils, in rocky soils). Therefore, there is a need to develop a national standard for the design of the road surface. In the future it is necessary to summarize the existing methods of calculating the road surface, to develop a list of mandatory calculations during the design of the road, to establish requirements for the principles and procedures of road construction, to determine the boundary conditions of the road and their criteria.
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Fu, Mi. "Strategies for the Application of BIM Technology in the Collaborative Planning and Design of Urban Roads and Pipelines." Journal of Architectural Research and Development 6, no. 6 (November 21, 2022): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jard.v6i6.4481.
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Urban road construction and the laying of underground pipelines are both important elements in the improvement of urban infrastructure, while the construction of the two may affect and restrict each other if they are not planned systematically. Therefore, a synergistic design of urban roads and pipelines is needed to ensure the synergy of urban road construction and underground pipeline laying. This paper mainly analyzes the necessity of building information modeling (BIM) technology application in the collaborative planning and design of urban roads and pipelines, and explores the application strategy of BIM technology.
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Gushgari, Sharif Y., Yang Zhang, Ali Nahvi, Halil Ceylan, Sunghwan Kim, Ali Arabzadeh, Charles T. Jahren, and Charles Øverby. "Design, Construction, and Preliminary Investigations of Otta Seal in Iowa." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 12 (June 13, 2019): 821–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119853567.
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Faced with limited financial resources, pavement engineers constantly seek more durable and economical technologies for road preservations and rehabilitations. Consequently, there have been many efforts to study resurfacing strategies, including various types of sealing for local roads. Among different sealing methodologies, Otta seal is a technique that has not yet been sufficiently studied in the U.S.A. For this investigation, the first Otta seal site in the state of Iowa was constructed using a double-layer Otta seal design over 6.4 km of cracked asphalt pavement. Otta seal design and construction details are documented and discussed, and test sections using various aggregates are compared for performance. The key lesson learned was that proper aggregate selection within gradation limits and aggregate spread rates were critical factors for Otta seal performance. Otta seal capability for holding loose aggregate particles and for dust control were examined, and there were indications that excessive proportion of fine aggregate particles could lead to diminished performance associated with fugitive dust emissions and unbound aggregate particles. Although the Otta seal provided a smooth surface satisfying road user and agency requirements, it did not significantly add structural capacity to the existing asphalt pavement. The findings from this study will benefit road officials and other decision makers who need to consider alternatives for resurfacing distressed low-volume asphalt roads.
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Akay, Abdullah E., and John Sessions. "Applying the Decision Support System, TRACER, to Forest Road Design." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 20, no. 3 (July 1, 2005): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/20.3.184.
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Abstract A three-dimensional forest road alignment model, TRACER, was developed to assist a forest road designer with rapid evaluation of alternative road paths. The objective is to design a route with the lowest total cost considering construction, maintenance, and transportation costs, while conforming to design specifications, environmental requirements, and driver safety. The model integrates two optimization techniques: a linear programming for earthwork allocation and a heuristic approach for vertical alignment selection. The model enhances user efficiency through automated horizontal and vertical curve fitting routines, cross-section generation, and cost routines for construction, maintenance, and vehicle use. The average sediment delivered to a stream from the road section is estimated using the method of a GIS-based road erosion/delivery model. It is anticipated that the development of a design procedure incorporating modern graphics capability, hardware, software languages, modern optimization techniques, and environmental considerations will improve the design process for forest roads. West. J. Appl. For. 20(3):184–191.
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Guan, Bin Jun, and Shuang Jun Xing. "Design and Implementation of Combined Temporary Road and Permanent Road Construction." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 1167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/scientific5/amr.450-451.1167.
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Abraha, Dawit G., David C. Sego, Kevin W. Biggar, and Robert Donahue. "Sulfur concrete for haul road construction at Suncor oil sands mines." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 44, no. 5 (May 1, 2007): 564–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t07-003.
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The feasibility of constructing mine roads at oil sands mines (Fort McMurray, Alberta) using concrete prepared from bitumen extraction and upgrading by-products and mine wastes (sulfur, fly ash, coke, and tailing sand) is evaluated. An extensive laboratory test program, including unconfined compression testing, sonic velocity measurement, and split tensile and freeze–thaw durability tests, was carried out to characterize the physical and mechanical properties of different mix designs of sulfur concrete. A study of the geochemical interaction of sulfur concrete with the near-surface environment included short-term interaction of surface-exposed sulfur concrete during the construction and operational life of the haul road and long-term interaction of sulfur concrete with groundwater following its eventual burial with mine wastes in the mined-out pits. Haul road test sections were designed based on the critical strain and resilient modulus design method. Stress and strain distributions in the selected haul road cross section induced by the truck tires were calculated using finite element analysis. Required pavement layer thicknesses were then determined on the basis of the truck loads, and resilient modulus and strength of the sulfur concrete and subgrade material using the critical strain and resilient modulus design method.Key words: sulfur concrete, mine haul road design, concrete pavement.
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Tian, Mi Mi, Mao Qing Fang, and Yi Zhang. "Exploration about the Ecological Model of Road Landscape in the Construction of New Rural Landscape." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.235.
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Along with the rapid development of social economy, a new socialist countryside landscape construction is in full swing on the land of China. Handling rural road landscape development problems in new rural construction is the content need to explore and summarize in the practice. This paper, though the analysis about composing factors of agricultural landscape and road landscape, combining with the ecological design principles, explores ecological model of ecological agriculture traffic and road landscape in the future from the aspects of township roads, village roads, field roads.
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Chen, Jianfeng. "Subgrade and Pavement Design Strategies for Different Road Settlement Sections." Journal of World Architecture 6, no. 4 (July 27, 2022): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jwa.v6i4.4085.
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The quality of road engineering construction largely determines the road operation safety and driving comfort. However, in road engineering construction, the settlement of subgrade and pavement has always been an insurmountable problem. Therefore, in road construction practice, targeted treatment should be carried out for the sections prone to settlement, and subgrade and pavement design strategies for these settlement sections should be carried out, so as to reduce the risk of settlement and ensure the improvement of road engineering quality and safety.
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Chung, Woodam, Jürg Stückelberger, Kazuhiro Aruga, and Terrance W. Cundy. "Forest road network design using a trade-off analysis between skidding and road construction costs." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 3 (March 2008): 439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-170.
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Designing forest road networks in a large forest land is a challenging task because many feasible alternatives exist and need to be analyzed. To provide field managers with an analytical tool that can create and analyze alternative road networks, we have developed a road network optimization model. The model formulates a large network problem in which links represent two timber transportation options from evenly distributed timber locations: on-road transportation via new roads and off-road transportation using skidders. A heuristic network algorithm is employed to solve the network problem and identify cost-efficient road networks for timber harvesting under given cost parameters. To demonstrate our model, we applied it to a 4760 ha forest in the upper part of the Mica Creek watershed in Idaho owned by Potlatch Forest Holdings, Inc. The sensitivity analyses were conducted to verify the model’s performance under various cost and volume settings. The model-generated road network was compared with a road network proposed by experienced forest engineers in Potlatch. The sensitivity analyses confirm that the model appropriately responds to changes in input parameters. Comparisons between the model output and the manually designed road network indicate that the model tends to develop a tree-shape road network to evenly cover the entire management area.
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Kiec, M., M. Tracz, and S. Gaca. "Design of Cross-Section on Roads Through Built-Up Areas." Archives of Civil Engineering 58, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v.10169-012-0015-y.
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Abstract The research into the use of less costly modifications of road links and networks, and changes in the service of road surroundings aimed at ensuring an improvement of through traffic performance in suburban areas, and on roads passing through built-up areas as small localities, with application of simulation model, is presented in this paper. From among possible designs, the authors investigated and presented the effectiveness of two, i.e. implementation of an additional multifunctional median lane in the road cross-section, and construction of service roads with different locations of intersections (end or middle of the road section).The analysis is focused on the impact of such changes on traffic performance and road safety. The authors analysed travel speed, delay and share of platoon traffic on a uniform sections of the road for different types of road surroundings service. The study presents the results of analyses of road network before and after modification, and the assessment of:• impact of access points density and level of their use on road traffic performance,• impact of driving through road sections in built-up area on building platoon traffic,• impact of change in the cross-section type on traffic performance.
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Hodakova, D., A. Zuzulova, and S. Capayova. "Climate change adaptation in pavement design." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1252, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1252/1/012017.
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Abstract Since 2011, the change in climatic characteristics has emerged as one of the three most common environmental risks today. Global warming forecasts warn that by 2100, our planet could warm by an average of 3.5 to 7.5 °C. In Europe, over the last 140 years, the average annual air temperature has risen by about 1.5 °C. In Slovakia, it was an increase of 1.7 - 1.8 °C on average. The consequences of these changes in road construction are immediate and intense and require adequate adaptation measures. Long-term measurements of climatic conditions in Slovakia were the basis for assessing changes in average daily air temperatures in individual seasons. With the design of road pavements and calculations of pavement structure models, we have also tested road construction materials - especially asphalt mixtures. The results were used to correct the values of input data, design criteria, as well as in measures to reduce the impact of changes in climatic conditions. The paper focuses on the characterization of the climatic conditions in Slovakia and the changes reflected in the design of the road constructions; also provides some insights into the solution of partial problems in the field of asphalt pavement and cement concrete pavement.
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Indriani, Made Novia, Ida Bagus Wirahaji, Ida Ayu Putu Sri Mahapatni, and A. A. A. Made Cahaya Wardani. "SOSIALISASI PENGGUNAAN LITERASI DIGITAL PADA MASYARAKAT DALAM PEKERJAAN PEMELIHARAAN KONSTRUKSI JALAN SERTA BANGUNAN PELENGKAP." JURNAL SEWAKA BHAKTI 8, no. 1 (April 28, 2022): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/jsb.v8i1.2220.
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This community service aims to further enrich insight into the condition of road pavement construction and complementary buildings (road drainage and culverts) on environmental roads in Sibanggede Traditional Village, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency. non-governmental activities in maintaining the condition of road pavement construction as access in carrying out various activities, through the activity "Socialization of the Use of Digital Literacy in the Community in Maintenance Works of Road Construction and Complementary Buildings". Data was collected using the methods of interview, observation, and documentation. The stages of service activities include: initial survey and data inventory, location measurement, calculation of RAB and design drawings, video content creation activities related to community service activities for the use of digital literacy in road construction maintenance work and complementary buildings.
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Amakye, Samuel Y. O., Samuel J. Abbey, and Colin A. Booth. "DMRB Flexible Road Pavement Design Using Re-Engineered Expansive Road Subgrade Materials with Varying Plasticity Index." Geotechnics 2, no. 2 (May 12, 2022): 395–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geotechnics2020018.
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Pavement thickness is a very vital component during the design stage of a road construction project. Pavement design helps to determine the costs of the project over a certain period to ascertain how the cost of road pavement construction affect the life cycle cost of the road. Road pavements are designed based on the type of subgrade material and the expected traffic load to help clients and decision-makers make decisions on the project. In this study, expansive road subgrade materials were improved using lime and cement and their California Bearing Ratio (CBR) was used in road pavement design. The study used the Design and Manual for Roads and Bridges (DMRB) as a guide to investigating the effect of stabilised expansive road subgrade with varying CBR values on road pavement design. The mineral structure, characteristics, Atterberg limit, compaction CBR, swell and microstructural analysis (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX)) of stabilised subgrade materials were investigated. The results show an increase in California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values and a reduction in swell values while curing age increased for stabilised subgrade materials. Treated samples show high Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H) gel formation after 7 and 28 days of curing. The thickness of road pavement was observed with an increase in CBR values. The study established that the thickness of road pavement and overall construction cost can be reduced using cement and lime as additives in subgrade stabilisation.
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Akkerman, Gennady, Sergey Akkerman, Alexey Kolos, and Nikolay Kapruschenko. "Road and environment." E3S Web of Conferences 296 (2021): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129602006.
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A railway at all stages of its life cycle (design, construction, operation) interacts with the environment. The environment can be divided into two components, which, depending on the geographical location of the area and its economic development, are characterized by their regional factors. Natural: climate, relief, geology, hydrology, etc. Economic: the development of the area, the density of population and transport networks, industry, etc. The environment affects the choice of the main technical parameters of the railway, design characteristics, methods of construction and operation, and therefore, construction and operating costs. For the analysis of regional factors, a conditional parameter is adopted, the value of which changes in the same direction as the regional parameters. The regression equation between these parameters and the construction cost of 1 km of railway in the considered areas was revealed.
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Tsynka, Anatolii, Serhii Illiash, and Volodymyr Zelenovskyi. "IMPROVEMENT OF BUILDING CODES FOR QUALITY DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS." Dorogi i mosti 2022, no. 25 (March 17, 2022): 110–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36100/dorogimosti2022.25.110.
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Abstract Introduction. This article considers the issue of modernization of the regulatory and technical base of the road sector in the design and construction of streets and roads of settlements and public roads (hereinafter - highways) on the basis of analysis of existing regulations, regulations, technical literature, which refers to the objects of regulation and, of course, taking into account the requirements dictated by today's safety and environmental protection. The work concerns the basic building codes for the design and construction of roads, namely those innovations that have already been approved and are planned to be put into operation in the near future. Problem statement. Implementation of a common technical policy in road construction, ensuring their reliability and durability, increasing the efficiency of capital investments, implementing the provisions of Directive 2008/96 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on Road Infrastructure Safety Management, harmonizing international and European standards, implementing scientific and technical standards achievements of science and advanced domestic and world experience in the practice of design and construction, saving material, labor, financial and energy resources, improving design solutions, construction quality, occupational safety and health, rational use of land, other natural resources and environmental protection, encourages the continuous improvement of state building codes, as fundamental documents for the design and construction of roads. Objective. The main documents governing the requirements for the design and construction of roads, namely DBN B.2.3-4: 2015 "Roads. Part I. Design. Part II. Construction ", which were republished in 2015 and DBN B.2.3-5: 2018" Streets and roads of settlements ", republished in 2018, taking into account the current traffic intensity, increased requirements for the load on pavement, safety requirements and environmental protection, as well as the development of regulatory and technical framework, developed appropriate changes and additions. In order to reveal and detail their essence, effectiveness and purposefulness, the relevant material developed in this article has been developed. Materials and methods. The presented work is based on analytical, practical and theoretical research related to standardization requirements for the design and construction of streets and roads of settlements and public roads. Results. Amendments to the state building norms have been developed, which set requirements for the design and construction of streets and roads of settlements and public roads, taking into account modern design requirements, the latest materials and technologies. Conclusions. The requirements set out in the developed amendments to the state building codes for the design and construction of streets and roads of settlements and public roads are internal indicators. They are formed by complex analytical and practical calculations from many variables and unknowns, numerous public meetings and legal meetings, long-term coordination with central executive bodies, there are complex expert verification of the basic organization that implements scientific activities in construction and approval. Huge amounts of statistics and the best world and domestic experience were used to achieve the end result. Based on the results of the work performed, the most optimal requirements have been established, the main requirements that regulate the principles of design and construction of high-quality roads in Ukraine according to modern European standards. Keywords: building norms, public highways, streets and roads of settlements, design of highways, construction of highways, changes to building norms.
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Pan, Wei Dong, Ren Guo Gu, Yong Gang Lv, and Xiao Long Sheng. "Design of Mountain Road Tunnel Safety Monitoring System." Advanced Materials Research 378-379 (October 2011): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.378-379.241.
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The tunnel, the construction safety of which is the most important part of highway to put into operation in time, is an important part of the mountain region road. Based on the characteristics of New Austrian Tunneling Method, the importance of safety monitoring system for grasping the rock deformation in the construction process goes without saying. This paper presents a safety monitoring program through the construction of the sage Mei Shan Highway, Lung Hang Tunnel, providing theoretical and operational support for the sage Mei Shan Highway through analyzing the construction process, the principle of safety monitoring, frequency of monitoring items, monitoring and early warning system, measures to ensure measurement accuracy, measurement data analysis, feedback of early warning system.
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Ridho, Muhammad, Yosef Cahyo Setianto Poernomo, Agata Iwan Candra, and Fajar Romadhon. "Meningkatkan Kualitas Pelayanan Jalan Raya Plandaan – Boro Tulungagung Menggunakan Perkerasan Kombinasi Geotextile." Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi & Teknik Sipil 4, no. 2 (October 31, 2021): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/jurmateks.v4i2.2057.
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Roads as a means of transportation have an essential role in supporting human activities. One of the developments in road construction is the application of geotextiles in road combination pavements. Geotextile itself is often found in construction planning, especially in soil stabilization. The plandaan – boro Tulungagung road section is indicated by the type of silt as deep as 1.2 meters so that improvements are needed to support the quality of road construction. The purpose of this research is to plan road pavement with geotextiles on the Plandaan to boro roads. The geotextile used is a woven geogrid geotextile. The method used in planning is the Bina marga method of the 2017 Road Pavement Design Manual. The data used include technical data, traffic data, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). The planning includes traffic design, pavement thickness calculations, and volume calculations. The planning results will be HMA – WC pavement covering an area of 4,200 m, with K225 concrete pavement covering an area of 8,400 m. Class Bﬞ Aggregate Pavement covering an area of 10,500 m using a geotextile layer requires 51,000 m² so that these results can be used as a reference in the repair or improvement of the Plandaan - boro Tulungagung road.
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Haslehner, Wolfgang. "Rural Track Paths on Low-Volume Roads in Austria." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 12 (September 15, 2019): 863–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119855997.
Full textAbstract:
The rural road network in Austria consists of all roads that are neither federal nor provincial roads and serve the purpose of enabling access to the rural area. This low-volume road network includes all municipal roads, farm roads, and forest roads. The total length of these roads amounts to approximately 160,000 km or 80% of the total Austrian road network. The responsibility for construction and maintenance of this rural road network in Austria is split between private persons and public authorities. Within these special circumstances a new technical design guideline for rural track paths has been elaborated in Austria. During this elaboration the experiences and know-how from Germany and Switzerland have been analyzed and taken into consideration. The main part of the paper deals with this new design guideline and shows an innovative way to handle activities in construction and maintenance of low-volume roads realized as single-lane rural track paths. These track paths consist of two load-carrying tracks constructed of asphalt, concrete, surface treatment, or block pavers. The obvious advantages of this tracked paving approach are to reduce the impact of impervious surface types and the impact on the environment. What makes this guideline unique is the fact that it is the first of its kind in Austria to encompass all aspects of planning, design, practical construction, and implementation of rural track paths on low-volume roads.
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Ābols, Mārtiņš, Ojārs Dārznieks, and Māris Spilva. "Road Design And Construction On Low Bearing Capacity Soils Using Piling Method: Experience Of SLLC “Latvian State Roads”." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1202, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1202/1/012020.
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Abstract The road system in Latvia has evolved over time to a complex network of physical structures that include roads, bridges and overpasses, however, in large it consists of narrow roads of local significance that follow the existing topography and consist of thin foundation and pavement layers. In-depth geotechnical research of road sections before construction has only been carried out in recent decades, thereby with a certain regularity SLLC “Latvian State Roads” has to deal with low bearing capacity soils under the road foundation. As the recent experience shows, there are sections of roads that in the past were constructed on peat. In 2018 during the reconstruction works of the regional road P32 Augšlīgatne – Skrīveri a low bearing capacity soil under the road foundation was determined. An additional in-depth geotechnical research showed a bog section with a peat layer at a depth of 10m in a 320 metres long section. Although at that point it was possible to continue the work using simple soil stabilization methods, there were concerns about the longevity of the investment. To stabilize the road foundation, a combination of gravel columns and unreinforced concrete pile columns was used. A total of 952 columns were constructed. The aim of this paper is to share technical information and our good practice of road design and construction on low bearing capacity soils using piling method, and it gives a summary of field observations, geotechnical research, design considerations and risk management assessments that were carried out in this specific case. The positive outcome of this case led to a number of future projects where similar methods for load bearing capacity improvement were planned and used.
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Brauers, Willem Karel M., Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, Friedel Peldschus, and Zenonas Turskis. "MULTI‐OBJECTIVE DECISION‐MAKING FOR ROAD DESIGN." TRANSPORT 23, no. 3 (September 30, 2008): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-4142.2008.23.183-193.
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Multi‐objective analysis is a popular tool to solve many economic, managerial and construction problems. The objective of this research is to develop and implement a methodology for multi‐objective optimization of multi‐alternative decisions in road construction. After a rough overview of the articles dealing with the multi‐objective decision and assessment of road design alternatives described by discrete values, Multi‐Objective Optimization on the basis of the Ratio Analysis (MOORA) method was selected. This method focuses on a matrix of alternative responses on the objectives. A case study demonstrates the concept of multi‐objective optimization of road design alternatives and the best road design alternative is determined.
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Churilin, V. S., S. V. Efimenko, V. N. Efimenko, A. V. Sukhorukov, and Yu V. Drozdov. "ESTIMATED PERFORMANCE STANDARDIZATION OF CLAYEY SOILS IN THE TOMSK REGION FOR THE QUALITY ASSURANCE IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 22, no. 6 (December 29, 2020): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2020-22-6-177-187.
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The paper indicates the need to develop a standard of organization with regard to the regional studies carried out by specialists from the Automobile Roads Department of Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building. The boundaries of the road-building climatic zones are clarified together with the road geocomplexes in the Tomsk region. A set of design values is recommended for clay soils to provide the qualitative design of nonrigid road pavements.
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Cao, Li Jun, Dong Yang Geng, and Xiang Mei Yu. "Research on Budget Control at the Stage of Municipal Road Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 1948–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.1948.
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With the rapid development of economy, the investment of municipal road construction project also has a quick growth. Design phase is crucial that determines the cost of a construction project. Stage of the project cost only ensure the timeliness and accuracy in order to manage the whole process of the project cost in the effective control of project cost of the occurrence, and improve investment returns and social benefits. This paper studies the budget control in design phase of municipal roads.
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Xu, Guang Yin, Yan Na Zhang, and Jian Hua Qu. "The Design of Information Platform Structure Used in Expressway Management Based on SOA Frame." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 2997–3003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.2997.
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On the basis of the study on the expressway management business flow as well as the SOA architecture concept, this paper designs the overall framework for a systematical expressway management information platform, which includes network of 3 levels, grading processing, comprehensive monitoring, comprehensive information application management, web portal and security system, and then designs the overall technical frame of this platform. Road administration is the core part of highway administration and the concentrated reflection of external highway administrative management. In addition to the approval of highway property, construction, maintenance and management, its main contents also involve the highway maintenance, highway entrance fee management and other road maintenance. It covers a wide range and there is so much information of deferent types to be processed and used. Although domestic and foreign roads and road administration departments have some information management systems in use, some are special highway road administration information systems[1,2], and some are highway comprehensive information management systems[3], the integrated comprehensive highway information management contents are lack of research, and the professional, comprehensive, open road administration information platform has not been established yet. Therefore, the author conducted the design of constructing advanced road administration information platform structure. This platform uses the service oriented architecture (SOA), integrates advanced information network technology, data communications monitoring and transmission technology, electronic control technology, computer processing technique with 3S, PDA and other advanced technologies, so that it is effectively integrated and used in the highway information management. The construction of the platform will realize the effective and scientific management for highways business, ensuring that the highways are unblocked, and maintaining the road property and rights of highways, thus promoting the development of the industrial management information.
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Mudiyono, R. "Evaluating the Road Construction Feasibility Performance of the Rigid Pavement in the Flood-Prone Area: A Case Study of Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 971, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/971/1/012007.
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Abstract Rigid pavement is one of several pavement types often used in road construction. This pavement has sufficient flexural strength to transmit the stresses of the wheels over a wider area underneath. During construction, this road uses concrete slabs with or without steel bars. This slab can be installed either on the sub grade of foundation, the layers of foundation or on the sub grade. Planning must examine the thickness level of concrete pavement required to handle the load with the concrete strength, taking into account the characteristics of the pavement that are capable of dispersing the load widely to the sub grade. This study aimed at evaluating the road construction performance of the rigid pavement in the flood-prone area of Kaligawe Road Semarang Indonesia. Data were collected by testing the pavement under certain specifications during the rainy season, particularly in the flooding time, and analyzed using the software of plaxis 3D foundation. Result of the study showed the pavement on Jl. Kaligawe Road Semarang Indonesia was in the “safe” category, as a result, the design of which could serve as a model for constructing roads with similar qualities elsewhere.
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Ghanizadeh, Ali Reza. "An Optimization Model for Design of Asphalt Pavements Based on IHAP Code Number 234." Advances in Civil Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5942342.
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Pavement construction is one of the most costly parts of transportation infrastructures. Incommensurate design and construction of pavements, in addition to the loss of the initial investment, would impose indirect costs to the road users and reduce road safety. This paper aims to propose an optimization model to determine the optimal configuration as well as the optimum thickness of different pavement layers based on the Iran Highway Asphalt Paving Code Number 234 (IHAP Code 234). After developing the optimization model, the optimum thickness of pavement layers for secondary rural roads, major rural roads, and freeways was determined based on the recommended prices in “Basic Price List for Road, Runway and Railway” of Iran in 2015 and several charts were developed to determine the optimum thickness of pavement layers including asphalt concrete, granular base, and granular subbase with respect to road classification, design traffic, and resilient modulus of subgrade. Design charts confirm that in the current situation (material prices in 2015), application of asphalt treated layer in pavement structure is not cost effective. Also it was shown that, with increasing the strength of subgrade soil, the subbase layer may be removed from the optimum structure of pavement.
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Nasiri, Mehran. "Improving drainage conditions of forest roads using the GIS and forest road simulator." Journal of Forest Science 66, No. 9 (September 29, 2020): 361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/16/2020-jfs.
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In this study a new method of locating culverts is presented with the composition of achieved discharge from hydrological analysis and simulated forest roads in RoadEng 3D simulator to improve drainage condition. Locating culverts was performed on a small scale (1:20 000, using GIS) and large scale (1:2 000, road geometric design simulator). The small-scale study regarding the achieved discharge from streams shows that the installation of some culverts is not necessary. The large-scale study also showed that the geometric design of forest road has a significant effect on locating culverts and its accuracy. To improve drainage conditions 6 culverts and 2 waterfronts taking into account the geometric design of forest road, hydrological conditions and appropriate intervals (155 m) have been proposed. No installation or lack of accuracy to find the best location of culverts may result in the occurrence of creep and landslide, so the cost of destruction would be several times higher than the cost of technical buildings construction.
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Bašić Marija, Kranjčić Nikola, Jug Jasmin, and Đurin Bojan. "Overcoming the procedures for obtaining a location permit for the Podravska high-speed road project." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 3, no. 1 (August 30, 2021): 060–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2021.3.1.0060.
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Roads are important infrastructure facilities that enable traffic accessibility, i.e. they improve the quality of transport communication between people, goods and innovations. The Podravina high-speed road project was designed with the aim of developing Podravina and Slavonia and enabling a better connection between them and the rest of Croatia. Road construction is a complex process that requires a location permit before construction begins. This paper is written with the aim of presenting in detail the process of obtaining a location permit, which is preceded by obligatory preliminary work. Its complexity depends on the type of a road, its purpose and characteristics of the area through which a planned road passes. The Podravina high-speed road is the largest infrastructure project in that part of Croatia and therefore detailed preliminary work is required. This paper describes some types of preliminary work which include geological, geomechanical and climatic tests. The paper presents a project justification study, an environmental impact study, an environmental impact study, a construction and a technical study as well as a spatial transport analysis. Based on the chosen Podravina high-speed road route, a general design was created by using a road design software program “Platea”.
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Majer, Stanisław, Bartosz Budziński, and Przemysław Gardas. "Loads and Road Design for Intermodal Container Terminals with Untypical Heavy Load Traffic." Logistics and Transport 45, no. 1 (2020): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26411/83-1734-2015-1-45-9-20.
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There is a high demand in Poland for new intermodal container terminals. Increased rate of freight transport requires however new solutions for durable roads. Intermodal operations are carried out by swap bodies, trailers or most often containers. The intermodal terminals play the function of a storage, transportation and handling of the containers. The road surfaces within the terminals are exposed to different types of loads due to untypical types of transportation that operates on them. New types of roads demand new design methods that consider loads applied by special types of vehicles (container cranes, types of forklifts called reach-stackers). They also need to consider the method of container stacking, where the local forces can reach up to 1400 kN. The article presents typical loads that can be found in intermodal terminals, including the storing area and maneuvering aisles. The article presents also typical materials used for road construction, as well as method of dimensioning that incorporates different exposure factors. The method allows to design load-bearing and durable road surfaces. The calculations were performed for materials typically used in road construction, as well as in industrial flooring. The study presents a case study calculation of a parking lot designed for heavy load trucks.
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Odenbah, I. "SOME NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION." Construction Materials and Products 3, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-1-62-69.
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this article discusses some new modern technologies in the construction of highways. The paper analyzes the use of such innovations as: various modifiers added to bitumen; advanced technologies of engineering surveys and computer-aided design of highways; geosynthetic materials for reinforcing the roadbed and asphalt concrete pavement; PBB; bituminous polymer road belts; geotextile; foam-glass rubble; rubber crumb. The advantages of using innovations in road construction are highlighted. Obstacles to the use of certain technologies are noted, taking into account the Russian reality.
The author concludes that the use of innovative materials becomes economically justified at the stage of construction and subsequent operation of the road surface. New technologies can not only improve the quality of roads, but also improve road safety.
Innovations lead to progressive changes and ensure the dynamic development of the construction industry, primarily by reducing the cost and timing of construction, improving the quality of constructed facilities, and improving the comfort of living and operation.
The paper discusses classical methods for the design works of the foundation and the GM made a review of modern structures and technologies on their device. In order to assess the possibility of using linear calculation for sheet piling fences, deep pit modeling was performed in the SCAD and PLAXIS software systems.
The results of the work are the following conclusions:
1. the method of increasing the efficiency of technologies at the device walling of the pit is proposed;
2. a finite element model of soil and GM collaboration was created.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the options, we used decision-making methods based on optimization criteria, taking into account the degree of risks involved in the work.
It is established that the necessary factor is the geotechnical support of technological impacts, which allows monitoring of works on the degree of safety and impact on highways.
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Yumrutas, H. Ibrahim, and Huseyin Yorur. "Hybrid Road Barrier Design As Aesthetic Safety Feature and Urban Furniture." International Journal of System Modeling and Simulation 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijsms.2017.2.2.23.
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Abstract— There are various types of road barriers such as steel W beam, steel cable, concrete and wooden (timber) that have been used all over the World. They all have some advantages and disadvantages from different kinds of aspects such as construction time, ease of installation, low-cost, proven effectiveness, impact resistance, durability, service life, maintenance, etc. but to attain a more pleasant drive especially in historical and natural urban roads or scenic highways, installing wooden (timber) barriers can be considered as a more aesthetically pleasing alternative. In addition to aesthetic, wooden barriers can be preferred for their impact energy and sound absorption capabilities especially in urban roads. With the design, it is also estimated that light effect of oncoming traffic will be blocked. The main idea is to use hybrid barriers for both aesthetic safety feature in scenic or historical roads and urban furniture. This paper also summarizes comparisons among conventional road barrier systems considering the European standard EN 1317, Road Restraint Systems and provides a discussion of future designs.
Index Terms—road restraint system, timber barrier, hybrid barrier, road barrier, urban furniture
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Entrop, A. G., L. Hagen, and J. P. van Leeuwen. "Aligning actors in a road renovation project by a co-design process: the road to circularity?" IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1078, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1078/1/012119.
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Abstract In a circular economy, the aim is to close material loops that retain the highest utility, quality, and value of products, components, and materials. The environmental impact of the material used in constructing, maintaining, and renovating roads is severe. Within the European H2020 project CityLoops, the municipality of Apeldoorn prepares a circular road renovation project, yet wonders: how to align the actors in public infrastructural projects to come to a circular and, at the same time, executable project? A literature study and experiment were conducted. The experiment consisted of a co-design process aiming for the renovation of a residential road constructed in the late seventies. When conducting road renovation, multiple departments within the municipal organization and different external organizations need to collaborate. To them, circular material usage was introduced as a new specific sustainable objective, while traditional constraints, like time and costs, remained. It was visualized in a process journey, showing who is expected to meet which collaborative milestones and when. The insights from this experiment might help other municipalities, principals, and contractors to come to circular design processes in the road construction industry.
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Asutosh, Ashish T., and Nawari O. Nawari. "Integration of Recycled Industrial Wastes into Pavement Design and Construction for a Sustainable Future." Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 1 (February 3, 2017): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n1p9.
Full textAbstract:
Transportation Infrastructure has remained a key element for the economic and social development. Especially in developing countries, the demand for new roads and maintenance of existing roads is very high as they depend on the overall economic development. These calls for transforming the methods the roads are being constructed. Recent studies have shed light on the concept of making transportation system greener and more sustainable, which can be a fast track to achievie the goals of saving the planet from further generations. One of the effective ways of addressing this issue is by substituting or replacing pavements layers by sustainable alternate materials. Promising alternate materials have been investigated in road construction-specifically using recycled wastes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the environmental significances of alternate materials such as recycled tires, recycled glass and waste plastics in road construction and delineate their economic and environmental importance. This is addressed by comparing various parameters such as global warming potential, carbon footprint, cost, and other environmental impact factors. The results of this investigation showed that the use of these materials in pavement construction has substantial environmental and economic benefits. These results will assist in developing revised pavement design and construction methods that are more efficient and economically feasible.
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Robinson, C., P. N. Duinker, and K. F. Beazley. "A conceptual framework for understanding, assessing, and mitigating ecological effects of forest roads." Environmental Reviews 18, NA (December 2010): 61–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a10-002.
Full textAbstract:
A review of road-ecology literature suggests that impacts of forest roads on species and ecosystems begin during the road construction phase, but persist and accumulate well after a road is no longer in use. Over this time, impacts stemming originally from construction, but then also from the continued physical presence and human use of the road, follow complex multiple pathways ending in diminished species persistence. Yet in practice, road-impact considerations rarely extend beyond short-term issues related to road construction or beyond the spatial extent of the road corridor. Even when the range of potential impacts is recognized, managers rarely have a framework for assessing those impacts. This can be problematic, as informed decisions regarding the long-term, wide-ranging ecological consequences of road placement, design, and use can lessen the degree to which a road modifies the composition, structure, and function of forest ecosystems. This paper presents a conceptual framework for organizing, synthesizing, and applying our growing understanding of how roads affect forest ecosystems. The framework includes two parts: (1) a series of impact-hypothesis diagrams wherein ecological impacts are organized relevant to three phases of road existence: construction, presence and use; and (2) a five-step approach whereby ecological impact and road importance can be evaluated and a decision matrix used to determine appropriate mitigation strategies. Highlights of a case study conducted in southwestern Nova Scotia are presented to illustrate the applicability of the framework.