Academic literature on the topic 'Road Hierarchy'
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Journal articles on the topic "Road Hierarchy"
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Jayasree, K. "Sustainable rural road network planning with a balance of urban and rural development." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 982, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/982/1/012042.
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Abstract Rural roads are the backbone to any country and is always a key for sustainable development. Rural roads are often considered as an entry point for poverty alleviation and employment generation. Rural Connectivity is achieved in different levels of hierarchy through a traditional hierarchical structure – National Highways, State Highways, Major District Roads, Other District roads and Village roads for achieving a long term objective of adequate road communication in India. The policies for connectivity of villages are followed mainly by population criteria. The connectivity through hierarchy is to be planned from the travel behaviour and activity generation, which depends on various profiles like demographic, socio – economic profiles, facility profile and the impedance values. This methodology proposes a strategic model that characterizes the varying profiles in an area and accounts the demand based on these profiles. An integrated model based on clustering analysis and GIS has been formulated for assessing the demand potential and thereby giving an orientation to a hierarchal rural road network configuration. This promises to be scientific tool as it was validated with the existing higher order road network such as National and State highways in the region. The study has been attempted on Medak district of Telangana state.
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Ajmar, A., E. Arco, and P. Boccardo. "DEFINITION OF A METHODOLOGY TO DERIVE ROAD NETWORK FUNCTIONAL HIERARCHY CLASSES USING CAR TRACKING DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B4-2020 (August 25, 2020): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b4-2020-307-2020.
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Abstract. Road network functional hierarchy classifies individual roads into several levels, for efficient traffic management and road network generalization purposes. Automatic and semi-automatic road network extraction methods exist, but the generated products normally lack information on its functional hierarchy. This paper presents a methodology for automatically retrieve functional hierarchy for an OpenStreetMap derived road network from Floating Car Data, obtaining evenly distributed (e.g. for generalization purposes) or dynamic (e.g. to take into account differences in traffic volumes in different moments of the day) classifications. Road network elements are classified in function of vehicle speed values: the class distribution generated with the proposed methodology follows a linear distribution that can be better exploited for generalization purposes. Furthermore, the methodology allows to clearly distinguish different distributions in different moments of the day and days of the week, supporting traffic management activities.
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Nuroji, Nuroji, Bagus Hario Setiadji, and Wahyu Aktorina. "Comparison of Precast and Conventional Concrete Rigid Pavements Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)." MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL 26, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v26i2.31792.
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The rigid pavement on many roads is considered as a solution due to the increasing traffic load that requires high performance and durability of the road construction. However, the implementation of rigid pavement takes a longer time to reach its concrete strength until the road operation. Some industries have developed pavement from precast concrete panels to reduce construction time. This paper discusses the comparison of rigid pavement between precast concrete and conventional concrete. Two road sections are Jalan Margomulyo Surabaya using precast-concrete-pavement and Jalan Semarang-Jambu using conventional-concrete-pavement chosen as research objects. Cost, construction time, serviceability, and traffic performance are the four variables reviewed in this study analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method with considers 15 competent experts as respondents. Based on the analysis shows that a road improvement project by using precast-pavement is more effective and efficient with a score of 58.42 %, while the score of conventional concrete is 41.58 %.
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Giummarra, George J. "Establishment of a Road Classification System and Geometric Design and Maintenance Standards for Low-Volume Roads." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819a-20.
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The primary purpose of a road hierarchy is to ensure that appropriate management, engineering standards, and maintenance practices are applied to a road on the basis of its function. A hierarchy also enables more efficient use of limited resources by allocating funds to those roads that are in greater need and for which the costs are better justified. Studies were recently completed to arrive at a classification system for a wide range of low-volume roads covering rural municipalities and forestry organizations. Results are presented of an extensive literature search and the process and methodology developed to arrive at acceptable standards for various stakeholders relative to a classification system and geometric design and maintenance standards for low-volume roads. Five road classifications are derived for low-volume roads, including functional and road characteristics, to assist in classifying each road in a network. Also included for each road class are guidelines for geometric standards that relate to design speed, cross-sectional elements, and horizontal and vertical curve requirements for flat, hilly, and mountainous terrain. These standards were derived with reference to existing standards, engineering experience, and resources available to a road agency. Each classification has a set of maintenance criteria for both sealed and unsealed roads, covering the key defect types and intervention levels for routine and urgent maintenance.
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Warnars, Harco Leslie Hendric Spits, Endang Kusnadi, and Leonel Leslie Heny Spits Warnars. "Prediction of Road Infrastructure Priorities in Banten Province Using Analytical Hierarchy Process Method." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 53 (March 2021): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.53.112.
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Roads are the key infrastructure that is needed to support the smooth transportation to improve the condition of the community economy. Along with the passage of time and the use of the road, the road will suffer damage due to natural factors as well as other technical factors, so it takes serious handling efforts from the local government to maintain excellent road infrastructure for the community. In case of road damage handling in some areas still found problems that need to be resolved immediately, one of them is the problem of availability of budget that is not comparable to the level of damage of the road is quite a lot required a method to know the order of the road priority should be addressed immediately. To determine the prediction and priority order of road handling, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) algorithm is used with consideration of damage, traffic, and economic factors as criteria decision. The result shows that area of Serang city with the value 0.231 (23.1%) as the most priority road to be repaired.
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Martanto Adji, Bayu, Taufika Ophiyandri, Meyadtri Anita, and Nike Angelia. "Determination of the priority for arterial and collector road handling in Solok city, West Sumatra province." MATEC Web of Conferences 276 (2019): 03014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927603014.
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When handling roads, there should not be any roads that are neglected. Due to the limitation of funds, among the roads that have to be maintained, it is not necessarily possible to handle all of them with the same priority. It is necessary to prioritise road handling by considering the conditions and factors that influence its use. Roads that are used more often will be prioritised when it comes to maintenance. The data used in this study consisted of secondary and primary data. The secondary data was obtained from the Public Works Office of Solok City (Database of Solok City Roads, 2017) and Bappeda (RPJMD and RTRW). 8 segments of road were observed. Traffic volume surveys were conducted for 2 x 24 hours. Furthermore, questionnaires were distributed to support the secondary data, and 30 respondents answered. Six criteria were considered: Condition Factors (A), Traffic Volume Factors (B), Economic Factors (C), Policy Factors (D) Land Use Factors (E), and Side Building Factors and Road Complement (F). This study used the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method developed by Thomas L. Saaty. This method will simplify the complex multi-criteria problem into a priority scale hierarchy. The results of the AHP method analysis were included in a mathematical model as according to Brojonegoro (1991).The results showed that the priority for routine road maintenance was “Traffic Light Pandan - Tanjung Paku” road section (033), the priority for periodic road maintenance was “SMP 1 Simpang Damar” road section (047) and the priority for road improvement in general was “Simpang Sigege - Ampang Kualo” road section (051).a
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Cai, Xian Hua, Chun Guang Bai, and Wen Dou. "Road Network Pyramid Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 1201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.1201.
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It is a challenge in the research field of GIS-T and ITS to design a road network model that can well express the full range of transportation information. The existing Multi-hierarchy road network models often have some defaults, such as repeated storage of data, high degree of redundancy, difficult to analyze network, etc. Based on the analysis of image pyramid model and road feature hierarchy, a road network pyramid model has been proposed in this paper. This model has the adaptive ability to express multi-scale information and can descript road network the most detailedly with comprehensive road characteristic of all hierarchies. Low degree of redundancy of spatial and topologic data is another advance of the model. So this model is more suitable for multi-hierarchy analysis of road network.
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Juniarta, I. Wayan, Dewa Made Priyantha Wedagama, and I. Made Agus Ariawan. "PENENTUAN PRIORITAS PENANGANAN RUAS JALAN KABUPATEN DI KABUPATEN KLUNGKUNG DENGAN METODE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)." JURNAL SPEKTRAN 9, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektran.2021.v09.i02.p07.
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Budget limitations are a problem in road handling programming. The purpose of this study is to determine the hierarchical arrangement and quantitative measurements of each sub-criteria so that a mathematical formula is formed to develop a priority scale for handling district roads with the study location in Klungkung Regency. The decision making method used is Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The hierarchical arrangement of the research results consisting of Level-1 is the objective, namely determining the priority scale for handling district roads in Klungkung Regency. Level-2 is a criterion, and Level-3 is a sub-criteria that affects the criteria. The criteria used are i). Network system (A) with sub-criteria for road conditions (A1), pavement width (A2) and disaster-prone areas (A3), ii). Land Use System (B) with sub-criteria for access to government offices (B1), to areas of tourist attraction (B2), to strategic transportation areas (B3), and to areas of holy places and cultural heritage (B4), iii). Movement System Criteria (C) with sub-criteria LHR (C1), and iv). Institutional System Criteria (D) with subcriteria included in the proposal in the Musrenbang (D1), according to the direction of RENSTRA (D2), and equal distribution of road stability (D3). The weights of each sub-criteria A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, D1, D2, and D3 are 15.23%, 7.80%, 5.80%, 3.25%, respectively. 9.50%, 8.10%, 3.24%, 19.9%, 6.32%, 7.63%, and 13.24%. The mathematical formula based on the weight of the quantitative measurements, namely Y = 15.23A1 + 7.80A2 + 5.80A3 + 3.25B1 + 9.50B2 + 8.10B3 + 3,24B4 + 19.9C1 + 6,32D1 + 7,63D2 + 13 , 24D3. Obtained a priority scale arrangement of road handling, namely 62 very high priority scale roads, 58 high priority scale roads, 60 medium priority scale roads, 59 low priority scale roads, and 60 very low priority scale roads.
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Kotiev, G. O., K. B. Evseev, and Z. A. Godzhaev. "Analysis of Structural Design of Tracked Road Trains for Off-Road Container Transportation." World of Transport and Transportation 19, no. 5 (July 8, 2022): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2021-19-5-3.
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The article substantiates the relevance of comprehensive comparison of various versions of vehicles for off-road container transportation. Following the need to identify a specific engineering solution for development of a tracked road train, it is proposed to use the analytic hierarchy process designed to solve problems associated with determining the priorities of the multicriteria hierarchical structure of the goal, as well as in the presence of heterogeneous criteria or dimensional and dimensionless indicators. The comprehensive comparison of vehicles for off-road container transportation is based on the hierarchy of the mobility features, which is considered decisive for the choice of the priority variant of the structural design. The objective of the work is to substantiate the choice of a priority engineering solution for structural design of tracked road trains for off-road container transportation based on a scientifically grounded hierarchy of the mobility features. To attain the objective, a consistent solution of the following tasks is suggested as follows: development of requirements for vehicles and for a hierarchy of operational properties; analysis of existing structural design and layout solutions and justification of the choice of alternative solutions (specific designs of tracked road trains); conduct of a hierarchical synthesis of criteria based on the results of expert assessment; identification of the preliminary priority of alternative solutions; obtaining indicators of operational properties by methods of simulation mathematical modelling and/or full-scale mathematical modelling; choice of the priority engineering solution. The article discusses the feasibility of using tracked road trains both for transportation of a single 45-foot container and for simultaneous transportation of two 20-foot containers with a total mass of 61 tonnes. The analysis of the existing versions of structural design of tracked road trains has shown that only a vehicle of SVG-701 «Yamal» series, developed in the 1980s and which is not currently manufactured, can provide such a payload capacity. Existing modern articulated tracked vehicles cannot provide transportation of such goods. Hence, the relevance of the task of determining the priority engineering solution referring to structural design and layout of tracked road trains at the present stage of development of technology. Tracked single-hinged articulated semi-trailer road train and a doublehinged tracked road train are proposed as variants of structural design and layout versions of tracked road trains for off-road container transportation. Based on the analytic hierarchy process, opinions of experts and the hierarchy of operational properties, it was established that the engineering solution referring to double-hinged tracked road train should be prioritised. However, due to the small difference between the values of indicators used to select the options, it is necessary to conduct further studies to determine the values of the indicators of operational properties and to re-compare the options considering the results obtained.
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Tri Haryanta, Joko, Mamok Suprapto, and Syafi’i. "Assessment of Magetan regency’s road performance based on pavement and off pavement components." MATEC Web of Conferences 195 (2018): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819504004.
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Roads are made up of both pavement and off pavement components. In many cases, only road pavement is subjected to maintenance, leaving out accessory road components even though these components also contribute to overall road performance. Hence, the assessment of both road pavement and road components is vitally important in keeping roads safe and enhancing their overall performance. This study was conducted to know the performance of a select road as well as relevant handling recommendations. The research was carried out on 16 road sections of Magetan Regency, East Java Province with a total length of 85.60 km. The Kabupaten Road Management System (KRMS) Software was used in gathering precise road performance information. Weighting of road components was done using AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) while priority handling was determined using Analysis Network Process (ANP) with Super Decision software. A camera was used for the observation of both road and off pavement conditions. From research results after analyzing 16 Straight Line Diagrams, all road segments were in good condition. However, routine maintenance recommendations have been provided after a 16 Strip Map Diagram analysis of road segments. The first priority is Genengan-Lembeyan road segment followed by the Tamanarum-Lembeyan road.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Road Hierarchy"
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Egeland, Kjølv. "The road to prohibition : nuclear hierarchy and disarmament, 1968-2017." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b03d68ab-4748-4de7-a2e9-15616de6a05c.
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Year in year out, hundreds of diplomats and civil society representatives partake in a seemingly endless stream of meetings on nuclear disarmament. These meetings seldom produce materially significant agreements. In fact, no nuclear warhead has ever been dismantled as a direct result of multilateral negotiations. And yet the web of institutions that make up the 'multilateral nuclear disarmament framework' continues to expand. Why? In this thesis, I identify three waves of institutional expansion in the multilateral nuclear disarmament framework (1975-1978; 1991-1999; 2013-2017), linking them to crises of legitimacy in the nuclear order. Institutional expansion, I argue, has been driven by 'struggles for recognition' by non-nuclear powers loath to accept permanent legal subordination. Institutional contestation has allowed non-nuclear powers to exercise symbolic resistance to the frozen nuclear hierarchy enshrined by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and its distinction between nuclear 'haves' and 'have-nots'. But the relegitimising function of institutional contestation reveals an irony: By solving recurrent crises of legitimacy in the nuclear order, the expansion of the disarmament framework has served to stabilise nuclear inequality in the long term. However, the 2017 adoption of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) may signal an end to this cyclical pattern of de- and relegitimisation. After half a century of contestation within the hierarchical NPT framework, the TPNW represents a legal negation of nuclear hierarchy as such.
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Gaffney, Jack L. "An investigation into the need for highway bypass development." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/117346/1/Jack_Gaffney_Thesis.pdf.
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This research provides a framework to assist in the planning and early-development phase of potential bypass development projects to regional centres. Primarily, the mechanisms and procedures identified in this research can be used as tools for road authorities to streamline the scoping phase of bypass development case studies.
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Zhang, Chi. "Co-existing City." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1491304914633249.
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Rui, Yikang. "Urban Growth Modeling Based on Land-use Changes and Road Network Expansion." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Geodesi och geoinformatik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122182.
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A city is considered as a complex system. It consists of numerous interactivesub-systems and is affected by diverse factors including governmental landpolicies, population growth, transportation infrastructure, and market behavior.Land use and transportation systems are considered as the two most importantsubsystems determining urban form and structure in the long term. Meanwhile,urban growth is one of the most important topics in urban studies, and its maindriving forces are population growth and transportation development. Modelingand simulation are believed to be powerful tools to explore the mechanisms ofurban evolution and provide planning support in growth management. The overall objective of the thesis is to analyze and model urban growth basedon the simulation of land-use changes and the modeling of road networkexpansion. Since most previous urban growth models apply fixed transportnetworks, the evolution of road networks was particularly modeled. Besides,urban growth modeling is an interdisciplinary field, so this thesis made bigefforts to integrate knowledge and methods from other scientific and technicalareas to advance geographical information science, especially the aspects ofnetwork analysis and modeling. A multi-agent system was applied to model urban growth in Toronto whenpopulation growth is considered as being the main driving factor of urbangrowth. Agents were adopted to simulate different types of interactiveindividuals who promote urban expansion. The multi-agent model with spatiotemporalallocation criterions was shown effectiveness in simulation. Then, anurban growth model for long-term simulation was developed by integratingland-use development with procedural road network modeling. The dynamicidealized traffic flow estimated by the space syntax metric was not only used forselecting major roads, but also for calculating accessibility in land-usesimulation. The model was applied in the city centre of Stockholm andconfirmed the reciprocal influence between land use and street network duringthe long-term growth. To further study network growth modeling, a novel weighted network model,involving nonlinear growth and neighboring connections, was built from theperspective of promising complex networks. Both mathematical analysis andnumerical simulation were examined in the evolution process, and the effects ofneighboring connections were particular investigated to study the preferentialattachment mechanisms in the evolution. Since road network is a weightedplanar graph, the growth model for urban street networks was subsequentlymodeled. It succeeded in reproducing diverse patterns and each pattern wasexamined by a series of measures. The similarity between the properties of derived patterns and empirical studies implies that there is a universal growthmechanism in the evolution of urban morphology. To better understand the complicated relationship between land use and roadnetwork, centrality indices from different aspects were fully analyzed in a casestudy over Stockholm. The correlation coefficients between different land-usetypes and road network centralities suggest that various centrality indices,reflecting human activities in different ways, can capture land development andconsequently influence urban structure. The strength of this thesis lies in its interdisciplinary approaches to analyze andmodel urban growth. The integration of ‘bottom-up’ land-use simulation androad network growth model in urban growth simulation is the major contribution.The road network growth model in terms of complex network science is anothercontribution to advance spatial network modeling within the field of GIScience.The works in this thesis vary from a novel theoretical weighted network modelto the particular models of land use, urban street network and hybrid urbangrowth, and to the specific applications and statistical analysis in real cases.These models help to improve our understanding of urban growth phenomenaand urban morphological evolution through long-term simulations. Thesimulation results can further support urban planning and growth management.The study of hybrid models integrating methods and techniques frommultidisciplinary fields has attracted a lot attention and still needs constantefforts in near future.QC 20130514
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Rahman, Mamun Muntasir. "Planning for sustainability of non motorised public transport in a developing city." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/63594/1/Mamun_Rahman_Thesis.pdf.
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Most large cities around the world are undergoing rapid transport sector development to cater for increased urbanization. Subsequently the issues of mobility, access equity, congestion, operational safety and above all environmental sustainability are becoming increasingly crucial in transport planning and policy making. The popular response in addressing these issues has been demand management, through improvement of motorised public transport (MPT) modes (bus, train, tram) and non-motorized transport (NMT) modes (walk, bicycle); improved fuel technology.
Relatively little attention has however been given to another readily available and highly sustainable component of the urban transport system, non-motorized public transport (NMPT) such as the pedicab that operates on a commercial basis and serves as an NMT taxi; and has long standing history in many Asian cities; relatively stable in existence in Latin America; and reemerging and expanding in Europe, North America and Australia. Consensus at policy level on the apparent benefits, costs and management approach for NMPT integration has often been a major transport planning problem. Within this context, this research attempts to provide a more complete analysis of the current existence rationale and possible future, or otherwise, of NMPT as a regular public transport system.
The analytical process is divided into three major stages. Stage 1 reviews the status and role condition of NMPT as regular public transport on a global scale- in developing cities and developed cities. The review establishes the strong ongoing and future potential role of NMPT in major developing cities. Stage 2 narrows down the status review to a case study city of a developing country in order to facilitate deeper role review and status analysis of the mode.
Dhaka, capital city of Bangladesh, has been chosen due to its magnitude of NMPT presence. The review and analysis reveals the multisectoral and dominant role of NMPT in catering for the travel need of Dhaka transport users. The review also indicates ad-hoc, disintegrated policy planning in management of NMPT and the need for a planning framework to facilitate balanced integration between NMPT and MT in future.
Stage 3 develops an integrated, multimodal planning framework (IMPF), based on a four-step planning process. This includes defining the purpose and scope of the planning exercise, determining current deficiencies and preferred characteristics for the proposed IMPF, selection of suitable techniques to address the deficiencies and needs of the transport network while laying out the IMPF and finally, development of a delivery plan for the IMPF based on a selected layout technique and integration approach. The output of the exercise is a planning instrument (decision tool) that can be used to assign a road hierarchy in order to allocate appropriate traffic to appropriate network type, particularly to facilitate the operational balance between MT and NMT. The instrument is based on a partial restriction approach of motorised transport (MT) and NMT, structured on the notion of functional hierarchy approach, and distributes/prioritises MT and NMT such that functional needs of the network category is best complemented.
The planning instrument based on these processes and principles offers a six-level road hierarchy with a different composition of network-governing attributes and modal priority, for the current Dhaka transport network, in order to facilitate efficient integration of NMT with MT.
A case study application of the instrument on a small transport network of Dhaka also demonstrates the utility, flexibility and adoptability of the instrument in logically allocating corridors with particular positions in the road hierarchy paradigm. Although the tool is useful in enabling balanced distribution of NMPT with MT at different network levels, further investigation is required with reference to detailed modal variations, scales and locations of a network to further generalise the framework application.
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Thorpe, David Stuart. "A process for the management of physical infrastructure." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36067/7/36067_Digitsed_Thesis.pdf.
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Physical infrastructure assets are important components of our society and our
economy. They are usually designed to last for many years, are expected to be
heavily used during their lifetime, carry considerable load, and are exposed to the
natural environment. They are also normally major structures, and therefore present
a heavy investment, requiring constant management over their life cycle to ensure
that they perform as required by their owners and users.
Given a complex and varied infrastructure life cycle, constraints on available
resources, and continuing requirements for effectiveness and efficiency, good
management of infrastructure is important. While there is often no one best
management approach, the choice of options is improved by better identification and
analysis of the issues, by the ability to prioritise objectives, and by a scientific
approach to the analysis process. The abilities to better understand the effect of
inputs in the infrastructure life cycle on results, to minimise uncertainty, and to
better evaluate the effect of decisions in a complex environment, are important in
allocating scarce resources and making sound decisions.
Through the development of an infrastructure management modelling and analysis
methodology, this thesis provides a process that assists the infrastructure manager in
the analysis, prioritisation and decision making process. This is achieved through
the use of practical, relatively simple tools, integrated in a modular flexible
framework that aims to provide an understanding of the interactions and issues in the
infrastructure management process.
The methodology uses a combination of flowcharting and analysis techniques. It
first charts the infrastructure management process and its underlying infrastructure
life cycle through the time interaction diagram, a graphical flowcharting
methodology that is an extension of methodologies for modelling data flows in
information systems. This process divides the infrastructure management process
over time into self contained modules that are based on a particular set of activities,
the information flows between which are defined by the interfaces and relationships
between them.
The modular approach also permits more detailed analysis, or aggregation, as the
case may be. It also forms the basis of ext~nding the infrastructure modelling and
analysis process to infrastructure networks, through using individual infrastructure
assets and their related projects as the basis of the network analysis process.
It is recognised that the infrastructure manager is required to meet, and balance, a
number of different objectives, and therefore a number of high level outcome goals
for the infrastructure management process have been developed, based on common
purpose or measurement scales. These goals form the basis of classifYing the larger
set of multiple objectives for analysis purposes. A two stage approach that
rationalises then weights objectives, using a paired comparison process, ensures that
the objectives required to be met are both kept to the minimum number required and
are fairly weighted. Qualitative variables are incorporated into the weighting and
scoring process, utility functions being proposed where there is risk, or a trade-off
situation applies.
Variability is considered important in the infrastructure life cycle, the approach used
being based on analytical principles but incorporating randomness in variables where
required. The modular design of the process permits alternative processes to be used
within particular modules, if this is considered a more appropriate way of analysis,
provided boundary conditions and requirements for linkages to other modules, are
met.
Development and use of the methodology has highlighted a number of infrastructure
life cycle issues, including data and information aspects, and consequences of
change over the life cycle, as well as variability and the other matters discussed
above. It has also highlighted the requirement to use judgment where required, and
for organisations that own and manage infrastructure to retain intellectual knowledge
regarding that infrastructure.
It is considered that the methodology discussed in this thesis, which to the author's
knowledge has not been developed elsewhere, may be used for the analysis of
alternatives, planning, prioritisation of a number of projects, and identification of the
principal issues in the infrastructure life cycle.
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Heinrich, Cristiano Eduardo. "Utilização do método analytic hierarchy process (AHP) para análise das estradas rurais do município de Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2018. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/4080.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Brazilian agribusiness is a sector of the economy that has historically demonstrated strength and growth, with emphasis on the agricultural sector that has been presenting production volumes and increasing productivity rates. Despite this, the exceptional competitiveness of Brazilian primary production is gradually diluted as its products leave the rural property to the subsequent links of the productive chains. The logistical obstacles faced by the national agribusiness to transport its wealth are notable, with problems such as the imbalance of the freight transport matrix, depleted transport infrastructure, insufficient static storage capacity and "bottlenecks" in the best known ports. However, little is known about another fundamental component for the logistic efficiency of agribusiness: rural roads. From the moment that the agricultural and livestock production leaves the rural property, the rural road network is the first element with potential of impact to the competitiveness of agribusiness, and few researches were undertaken with this theme. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate and describe the criteria that make a rural road suitable for the transport of inputs and agricultural production. The research was geographically delimited to the municipality of Marechal Cândido Rondon, located in the western mesoregion of the state of Paraná, because this municipality presents its economic base based on agribusiness. The methodology used was the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), since it is able to measure mathematically subjective and objective attributes in a joint way, through comparisons made by individuals with knowledge of the subject matter. The methodological procedures were bibliographic research and non-systematized field survey for initial exploratory analysis, in addition to a survey to deepen the research. A total of 97 interviews were carried out with the application of a form with drivers who transport loads in the rural road network of the municipality. From the initial exploratory survey, 20 criteria potentially relevant to the adequacy of a rural road were related, and the results of the survey indicated a set of 7 priority criteria: integrity and conservation status under satisfactory conditions; track with surface coating that provides better conditions of support and trafficability, mainly asphalt paving; runway with low slope of cross section; full track without deformation; runway without loose / disaggregated materials; platform with adequate surface drainage and low intensity (volume) of traffic. It is concluded, therefore, that these are the attributes of rural roads of greater essentiality for the accomplishment of agribusiness cargo transport activities.
O agronegócio brasileiro é um setor da economia que historicamente tem demonstrado pujança e crescimento, com destaque para a agropecuária que vem apresentando volumes de produção e taxas de produtividade cada vez mais expressivos. Apesar disso, a excepcional competitividade da produção primária brasileira dilui-se gradualmente conforme seus produtos saem da propriedade rural com destino aos elos subsequentes das cadeias produtivas. São notáveis os obstáculos logísticos enfrentados pelo agronegócio nacional para transportar suas riquezas, sendo os problemas como o desbalanceamento da matriz de transporte de cargas, infraestrutura de transportes defasada, capacidade estática de armazenagem insuficiente e “gargalos” nos portos, os mais conhecidos. No entanto, pouco sabe-se a respeito de outro componente fundamental para a eficiência logística do agronegócio: as estradas rurais. A partir do momento que a produção agrícola e pecuária sai da propriedade rural, a malha viária rural constitui-se no primeiro elemento com potencial de impacto à competitividade do agronegócio, e poucas pesquisas foram empreendidas com essa temática. Assim, o presente estudo teve por objetivo investigar e descrever os critérios que tornam uma estrada rural adequada ao transporte de insumos e da produção agropecuária. A pesquisa foi geograficamente delimitada ao município de Marechal Cândido Rondon, localizado na mesorregião oeste do estado do Paraná, em razão deste município apresentar sua base econômica pautada no agronegócio. A metodologia utilizada foi o Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), pois a mesma consegue mensurar matematicamente atributos subjetivos e objetivos de maneira conjunta, por meio de comparações paritárias julgadas por indivíduos com conhecimento da temática investigada. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram pesquisa bibliográfica e levantamento de campo não sistematizado para análise exploratória inicial, além de survey para o aprofundamento da investigação. Foram realizadas 97 entrevistas com aplicação de formulário junto a motoristas que transportam cargas na malha viária rural do município. A partir do levantamento exploratório inicial, foram relacionados 20 critérios potencialmente relevantes à adequação de uma estrada rural, sendo que os resultados do survey apontaram um conjunto de 7 critérios prioritários: integridade e estado de conservação em condições satisfatórias; pista de rolamento com revestimento superficial que proporcione melhores condições de suporte e trafegabilidade, principalmente pavimentação asfáltica; pista de rolamento com pouca inclinação da seção transversal; pista de rolamento íntegra e sem deformações; pista de rolamento sem materiais soltos/desagregados; plataforma com drenagem superficial adequada e baixa intensidade (volume) de tráfego. Conclui-se portanto, que estes são os atributos das estradas rurais de maior essencialidade para a consecução das atividades de transporte de cargas do agronegócio.
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Almeida, Ricardo Venescau de Oliveira. "ConcepÃÃo de Modelos de AvaliaÃÃo de CondiÃÃes de Rolamento e indicaÃÃo de PriorizaÃÃo de Vias como Etapas de um Sistema de GerÃncia de Vias nÃo Pavimentadas." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=370.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorEsse trabalho tem como intuito auxiliar na concepÃÃo de um Sistema de GerÃncia de Pavimentos â SGP, especÃfico para estradas de terra, contribuindo no desenvolvimento de duas etapas. A primeira, consiste na adaptaÃÃo de um mÃtodo norte-americana de avaliaÃÃo de condiÃÃes de rolamento de superfÃcies nÃo pavimentadas para ser utilizada em estradas de terra no municÃpio de Aquiraz, no Estado do CearÃ. A segunda, visa aplicar um mÃtodo, baseado em metodologia multicritÃrio de apoio à decisÃo (MCDA), no processo de priorizaÃÃo de estradas de terra considerando um conjunto de variÃveis que influenciam no funcionamento daquelas vias. O mÃtodo para priorizaÃÃo aplica o Analytic Hierarchy Process - AHP a partir de entrevistas com profissionais de engenharia, especializados na concepÃÃo e anÃlise de projetos viÃrios, divididas em cinco grupos, de acordo com a atuaÃÃo profissional: grupo de alunos de mestrado, grupo de mestres em engenharia de transportes, grupo de professores universitÃrios, grupo de funcionÃrios pÃblicos do Departamento de EdificaÃÃes, Rodovias e Transportes - DERT e grupo de consultores. Para auxiliar na aplicaÃÃo do AHP foi utilizado o software Expert Choice, o qual facilitou o cÃlculo da consistÃncia lÃgica das matrizes de comparaÃÃo e indicou, atravÃs de anÃlise de sensibilidade, a ordem de prioridade para intervenÃÃo nas vias estudadas do municÃpio de Aquiraz, no CearÃ
This work aims to contribute to the conception of a Pavement Management System (PMS) focusing unpaved roads. The evaluation approach involves two stages: the first one consists in the adaptation of an evaluation methodology created to the North America road surface conditions. That modified methodology was used in unpaved roads in the district of Aquiraz, in the State of CearÃ, northeastern Brazil. The second stage aims at applying a multicriteria decision support method (MDSM) in the process of ranking maintenance investments in unpaved roads taking into consideration a group of key variables that were expected to influence the operation of those roads. The ranking method is supported by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and it is based on interviews with engineering professionals specialized in the design and analysis of roadway projects. Those professionals were divided into five groups according to their professional skills: a group of students of a M.Sc. Course in Transportation Engineering; a group of professionals who already have obtained the M.Sc. degree in Transportation Engineering; a group of University lecturers; a group of professionals of the Department of Building, Roads and Transportation, of the Cearà State; and a group of consulting engineers. The Expert Choice Software was used to help in the application of AHP, mainly in the task of determining the logical consistency of the comparison matrices as well as in using sensibility analysis to find the most probable order of priority for maintenance investments in some roads of the study area
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Löfberg, Oskar, and August Krajewski. "The Round : An Observational Study of Ward 4 at Norrtälje Hospital." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231899.
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Healthcare is generally characterized by deep traditions, old working methods, and clear hierarchies. A central part of medical wards is the so-called “round”. During the round, physicians and nurses visit the patients and decide on further action. The round is a central process at wards and affect the rest of the working day, both for physicians and nurses. In this study, the round process was observed at Ward 4 at Norrtälje Hospital. The staff at Ward 4 experienced high-stress levels and this was related to an ineffective round according to a prestudy conducted by Clinical Innovation Fellowships. The project aimed at producing a new optimized round routine that would reduce the high-stress levels. The study was conducted through observations, dialogue with staff, interviews, surveys, comparative observations at other wards at Norrtälje Hospital and other hospitals as well as theoretical studies. The main difficulties discovered in our study with the round process at Norrtälje Hospital were that (i) information was communicated dual, (ii) the round process was too time-consuming, (iii) late decision-making, (iv) inefficient role for nurses and the (v) priority of work. The study resulted in a recommendation of a new round routine in which we have taken the staff’s interests into account as well as literature and research within the field of how developing healthcare processes. Our target was to increase communication and collaboration between physicians and nurses and furthermore exploiting human resources in the best possible way. Our main recommendation was to introduce a seated pre-round prior to commencing the daily round routine and to introduce a reconciliation meeting afterwards.Sjukvård är generellt sett präglat av inrotade traditioner, gamla arbetsmetoder och tydliga hierarkier. En central del på medicinska avdelningar är den så kallade ronden. Under ronden besöker läkare och sköterskor patienterna och beslutar om vidare åtgärder. Arbetet under ronden påverkar sedan resten av arbetsdagen, både för läkare och sköterskor, eftersom den är en väldigt central del av arbetsdagen på en medicinavdelning. I denna studien så undersöktes rondprocessen på avdelning 4 på Norrtälje Sjukhus. Bakgrunden till detta var att personalen präglats av höga stressnivåer och att det varit ett resultat av en ineffektiv rond. Detta framkom från en förstudie utförd av Clinical Innovation Fellowships. Vår studie syftade i att producera en ny effektivare rondrutin som i sin tur skulle minska stressen hos personalen. Detta genomfördes med hjälp av observationer, dialog med personal, intervjuer, enkätundersökningar, jämförande observationer på andra avdelningar och andra sjukhus, och teoristudier. Dom största problemen som upptäcktes i vår studie var att (i) information kommuniceras dubbelt, (ii) ronden tog för lång tid, (iii) att beslut inte fattas tillräckligt fort, (iv) sköterskans roll under ronden och (v) prioritering av patienter. Studien resulterade i ett förslag till en ny rondrutin som strävar efter att öka kommunikation och samarbete mellan läkare och sköterskor, och samtidigt utnyttja personalresurser på ett optimalt sätt. Vår främsta rekommendation var att införa en sittrond före gåronden och avsluta med ett avstämningsmöte.
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Chaib, Diana Monteiro. "Road Hierarchy in Master Plans - Conventional vs. Alternative Approaches." Master's thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/123476.
Full textBooks on the topic "Road Hierarchy"
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Office, Great Britain Scottish. Rural road hierarchy and lorry rerouteing: A review for discussion. Edinburgh: SOID National Roads Directorate, 1995.
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Goodwin, P. B. The end of hierarchy?: A new perspective on managing the road network. London: CPRE, 1995.
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Lawson, S. D. Traffic collisions in an urban area of Great Britain: A demographic and hierarchic review of road accidents in Birmingham and the West Midlands metropolitan districts. Basingstoke: Automobile Association, Foundation for Road Safety Research, 1989.
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Rural road hierarchy and lorry routeing. Edinburgh: Scottish Office and COSLA, 1997.
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Heslop, Luke, and Galen Murton, eds. Highways and Hierarchies. Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9789048552511.
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This edited collection explores the contemporary proliferation of roads in South Asia and the Tibet-Himalaya region, showing how new infrastructures simultaneously create fresh connections and reinforce existing inequalities. Bringing together ethnographic studies on the social politics of road development and new mobilities in 21st-century Asia, it demonstrates that while new roads generate new forms of hierarchy, older forms of hierarchy are remade and re-established in creative and surprising new ways. Focused on South Asia but speaking to more global phenomena, the chapters collectively reveal how road planning, construction and usage routinely yield a simultaneous reinforcement and disruption of social, political, and economic relations.
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D'Altroy, Terence N. Inca Political Organization, Economic Institutions, and Infrastructure. Edited by Sonia Alconini and Alan Covey. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190219352.013.15.
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This chapter describes Inca political and economic organization and the infrastructure established to support imperial administration. Inca conceptualizations of politics and economics differed from those of the West, and the organization of power in the imperial capital relied heavily on the ruler’s person. Provincial areas were conceived as four distinct regions bound to the ruler by a hierarchy of Inca governors, record-keepers, and local officials. Inca rule modified local labor practices to increase economic production, using resettlement and special labor statuses to ensure the production of specific products across their diverse empire. Royal estates sustained royal households in the Cuzco region, and in the provinces, a road network connected administrative centers and storage facilities to the capital.
Book chapters on the topic "Road Hierarchy"
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Tilley-Lubbs, Gresilda A. "Good Intentions Pave the Road to Hierarchy." In Re-Telling Our Stories, 51–67. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-567-8_4.
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Luxen, Dennis, and Peter Sanders. "Hierarchy Decomposition for Faster User Equilibria on Road Networks." In Experimental Algorithms, 242–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20662-7_21.
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Wu, Xun, Hong Zhang, Yunhui Xu, and Jie Yang. "A Comparative Study of Various Properties to Measure the Road Hierarchy in Road Networks." In Spatial Data Handling in Big Data Era, 157–66. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4424-3_11.
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Car, Adrijana, and Andrew U. Frank. "Modelling a hierarchy of space applied to large road networks." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 15–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-58795-0_30.
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Liu, Qian, and Chong Wei. "Research on overall evaluation system for road network of cities based on three-scale analytic hierarchy process and grey clustering method." In Frontier Research: Road and Traffic Engineering, 881–86. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003305002-114.
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Trivedi, Priyank, and Jiten Shah. "Road Crash Severity Ranking by Applying a Multi-criteria Decision-Making Tool: Analytical Hierarchy Process." In Studies in Infrastructure and Control, 123–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6936-1_10.
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Nguyen, Chi Cong, Phuoc Vo, Viet Long Doan, Quang Binh Nguyen, Tien Cuong Nguyen, and Quoc Dinh Nguyen. "Assessment of the Effects of Rainfall Frequency on Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using AHP Method: A Case Study for a Mountainous Region in Central Vietnam." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 2, 2022, 87–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18471-0_7.
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AbstractVietnam’s mountainous regions often encounter landslides, frequently resulting in fatalities, infrastructure damage, and landscape destruction. A landslide susceptibility map is an effective tool for mitigating disaster impacts on hazard-prone areas. This study investigates the applicability of the Analytic Hierarchy Process to produce a landslide susceptibility index. Eight major impact factors are analyzed using SAGA, a GIS-based toolkit, including slopes, aspect, land use, soil type, elevation, distance to road, distance to stream, and antecedent rainfall. Four landslide susceptibility maps are produced corresponding to frequency scenarios of 3-day antecedent rainfall data which is taken from Regional Frequency Analysis (RFA). We assess the modeling performances using Area Under the Curve (AUC) index and the results show that the AHP model has good performance. The findings demonstrate a significant influence of rainfall antecedent conditions on the susceptibility map of landslides in this study area.
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Nielsen, Kenneth Bo, and Harold Wilhite. "A ‘People’s Car’ Without a People? Mobility, Aspirations and Status in ‘New India’." In Consumption, Sustainability and Everyday Life, 173–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11069-6_7.
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AbstractThis chapter analyses the trajectory of the Indian small car, the Tata Nano. When launched by the manufacturer Tata Motors as a new Indian ‘people’s car’ in 2008, the Nano was widely predicted to revolutionise automobility in India. Yet it barely made an impact on the Indian car market, and production was phased out just a decade after the first Nano had hit the Indian roads. By analysing the changing popular representations and symbolic imaginaries that attach to the car as a means to mobility and an object of identity and social status, we argue that the Nano failed neither because it was mediocre, nor because it remained economically out of reach for most Indians. Rather, its insertion into the lower ranks of a powerful status hierarchy of identity-defining objects precluded it from adequately tapping into new and hegemonic forms of middle-class consumer aspiration in ‘New India’, thereby leaving the people’s car without ‘a people’.
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"The ritual road to hierarchy." In Social Complexity in the Making, 107–32. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203186251-13.
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GUMOWSKI, IGOR. "A ROAD TO CHAOS IN FOURTH ORDER SYSTEMS SEEN FROM AN APPLIED POINT OF VIEW." In A Chaotic Hierarchy, 165–85. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814503372_0008.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Road Hierarchy"
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Vitkienė, Juratė, Virgaudas Puodžiukas, and Daiva Žilionienė. "New Approach to the Lithuanian Road Classification Based on Worldwide Experience." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.155.
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Road classification and road hierarchy are essential steps making sure that roads are designed and used properly. Road classification is an approach, to sort them into a small number of groups or classes, and then assigns the roads in a network to one or more of these groups. There are many ways to classify roads. One of them is regarding road hierarchy (or more specifically, functional road hierarchy). The efficiency and effectiveness of the road network directly impact economic growth and societal development. Economically, it is important through classification of roads to represent every road function, as it can enhance the delivery of goods efficient and effective. Arterial roads of a higher class significantly influence economic development by providing the main route of fright transportation and services, as well as significantly influence societal development as it provides a safe, effective and efficient route to travel on. At the same time, the high volume of traffic-related accidents calls for a road network that is safe for all road-users. It is known that the physical road network affects traffic and driver behaviour, and this in turn directly influences energy consumption and the environmental impacts associated with the emissions thereof. In this article review at road classification and road hierarchy of worldwide. It concludes with some comments on the current Lithuanian situation. It can be achieved in Lithuania to make influences to road safety, speed regulation, driver behaviour, traffic studies and accessibility to services.
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Ye, Pengyao, Bo Wu, and Dongdong Rong. "A Quantitative Method of Urban Road Hierarchy." In Fifth International Conference on Transportation Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479384.346.
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Rabbani, Soheil Rahnemay, and Simi Jalali R. Rabbani. "Road Safety and Accident Prevention in Brazil." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y1996.063.
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Siswanto, Henri, Bambang Supriyanto, Pranoto, Redy Pasca Prihatditya, and Maulana Aviv Friansa. "District road maintenance priority using analytical hierarchy process." In EXPLORING RESOURCES, PROCESS AND DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Engineering, Technology, and Industrial Application (ICETIA) 2018. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5112490.
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Mouzna, Joseph, Sandesh Uppoor, Mounir Boussedjra, and M. M. Manohara Pai. "Density aware routing using road hierarchy for vehicular networks." In 2009 IEEE/INFORMS International Conference on Service Operations, Logistics and Informatics (SOLI). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/soli.2009.5203974.
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Uppoor, Sandesh, M. M. Manohara Pai, Mounir Boussedjra, and Joseph Mouzna. "Scalable routing technique using road hierarchy for vehicular networks." In 2009 9th International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itst.2009.5399321.
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Rabbani, Simi Jalali R., and Soheil Rahnemay Rabbani. "Resource Allocation to Road Safety and the Analytic Network Process." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y1996.061.
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Momozawa, Muneo. "An Evaluation Study on Automatic Supervising Systems for Road Facilities." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y1999.011.
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Yang, Chunyan, Ming Yu, and Yedong Liao. "Research On Applying Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach To Technology Road-mapping." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2005.041.
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Liyun, Zhu, and Sun Jianping. "Urban dynamic multipath selection algorithm based on road network hierarchy." In 2015 International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictis.2015.7232127.
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