Relevant bibliographies by topics / Road markings

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Road markings'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Road markings"

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Babić, Dario, Anđelko Ščukanec, Darko Babić, and Mario Fiolić. "Model for Predicting Road Markings Service Life." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 14, no. 3 (September 26, 2019): 341–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2019-14.447.

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Road markings provide drivers with the information necessary for their comfortable and safe journey. To achieve that, they must be visible in all driving conditions, which means that they have to be renewed and maintained in a timely manner. This research aims to develop a model for predicting the service life of paint, thermoplastic and agglomerate cold plastic road markings. The research comprised 5218.00 km (115 roads) of solvent-borne paint road markings, 579.00 km (30 roads) of thermoplastic and 4979.00 km (30 roads) of agglomerate cold plastic road markings. The retroreflectivity of road markings was measured two times (after renewal and after winter) using the dynamic measuring method. Service life prediction model was developed for each material based on factors such as initial retroreflectivity, road marking age and position, annual average daily traffic and winter maintenance activity of the road. Developed models were tested using a new data set, and all three models showed satisfactory accuracy. The application of the model enables road authorities to optimise road-marking maintenance activities, while at the same time, ensuring the level of visibility required by drivers.
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Storsæter, Ane Dalsnes, Kelly Pitera, and Edward McCormack. "Camera-Based Lane Detection—Can Yellow Road Markings Facilitate Automated Driving in Snow?" Vehicles 3, no. 4 (October 13, 2021): 661–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vehicles3040040.

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Road markings are beneficial to human drivers, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), and automated driving systems (ADS); on the contrary, snow coverage on roads poses a challenge to all three of these groups with respect to lane detection, as white road markings are difficult to distinguish from snow. Indeed, yellow road markings provide a visual contrast to snow that can increase a human drivers’ visibility. Yet, in spite of this fact, yellow road markings are becoming increasingly rare in Europe due to the high costs of painting and maintaining two road marking colors. More importantly, in conjunction with our increased reliance on automated driving, the question of whether yellow road markings are of value to automatic lane detection functions arises. To answer this question, images from snowy conditions are assessed to see how different representations of colors in images (color spaces) affect the visibility levels of white and yellow road markings. The results presented in this paper suggest that yellow markings provide a certain number of benefits for automated driving, offering recommendations as to what the most appropriate color spaces are for detecting lanes in snowy conditions. To obtain the safest and most cost-efficient roads in the future, both human and automated drivers’ actions must be considered. Road authorities and car manufacturers also have a shared interest in discovering how road infrastructure design, including road marking, can be adapted to support automated driving.
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Storsæter, Ane Dalsnes, Kelly Pitera, and Edward McCormack. "Camera-Based Lane Detection—Can Yellow Road Markings Facilitate Automated Driving in Snow?" Vehicles 3, no. 4 (October 13, 2021): 661–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vehicles3040040.

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Road markings are beneficial to human drivers, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), and automated driving systems (ADS); on the contrary, snow coverage on roads poses a challenge to all three of these groups with respect to lane detection, as white road markings are difficult to distinguish from snow. Indeed, yellow road markings provide a visual contrast to snow that can increase a human drivers’ visibility. Yet, in spite of this fact, yellow road markings are becoming increasingly rare in Europe due to the high costs of painting and maintaining two road marking colors. More importantly, in conjunction with our increased reliance on automated driving, the question of whether yellow road markings are of value to automatic lane detection functions arises. To answer this question, images from snowy conditions are assessed to see how different representations of colors in images (color spaces) affect the visibility levels of white and yellow road markings. The results presented in this paper suggest that yellow markings provide a certain number of benefits for automated driving, offering recommendations as to what the most appropriate color spaces are for detecting lanes in snowy conditions. To obtain the safest and most cost-efficient roads in the future, both human and automated drivers’ actions must be considered. Road authorities and car manufacturers also have a shared interest in discovering how road infrastructure design, including road marking, can be adapted to support automated driving.
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Setyawan P., Arkham, Tamrin Mallawangeng, and Nurhadijah Yunianti. "Evaluasi Rambu Lalu Lintas Dan Marka Jalan Ruas Veteran Utara Dan Veteran Selatan." Jurnal Penelitian Teknik Sipil Konsolidasi 1, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.56326/jptsk.v1i3.1605.

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The empirical phenomenon of transportation problems, mainly on the Veteran Utara – Veteran Selatan section, is traffic and lack of driver discipline, causing traffic circulation disturbances, especially on the Veteran Utara – Veteran Selatan road section, which is irregular on a regular basis for road users to the presence of signs and roads. The aim of the research is to determine the placement and need for signs and road markings in North Veteran and South Veteran and to determine the influence of the placement of road signs and markings on North Veteran and South Veteran roads.As for the results of the study, the most severe existing locations are roads that have reverse signposts but do not have facilities for turning back so as to increase road users and increase the potential for accidents, while for the placement of markings there are still many locations that require re-marking because they are starting to fade markings along STA 0+000 – STA 0+3000 are like longitudinal dotted lines and markings crossing the stop line (zebra cross), with the fading of these markings will reduce the level of discipline of road users and increase the potential for traffic accidents
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Kang, Seokchan, Jeongwon Lee, and Jiyeong Lee. "Developing a Method to Automatically Extract Road Boundary and Linear Road Markings from a Mobile Mapping System Point Cloud Using Oriented Bounding Box Collision-Detection Techniques." Remote Sensing 15, no. 19 (September 22, 2023): 4656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15194656.

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Advancements in data-acquisition technology have led to the increasing demand for high-precision road data for autonomous driving. Specifically, road boundaries and linear road markings, like edge and lane markings, provide fundamental guidance for various applications. Unfortunately, their extraction usually requires labor-intensive manual work, and the automatic extraction, which can be applied universally for diverse curved road types, presents a challenge. Given this context, this study proposes a method to automatically extract road boundaries and linear road markings by applying an oriented bounding box (OBB) collision-detection algorithm. The OBBs are generated from a reference line using the point cloud data’s position and intensity values. By applying the OBB collision-detection algorithm, road boundaries and linear road markings can be extracted efficiently and accurately in straight and curved roads by adjusting search length and width to detect OBB collision. This study assesses horizontal position accuracy using automatically extracted and manually digitized data to verify this method. The resulting RMSE for extracted road boundaries is +4.8 cm and +5.3 cm for linear road markings, indicating that high-accuracy road boundary and road marking extraction was possible. Therefore, our results demonstrate that the automatic extraction adjusting OBB detection parameters and integrating the OBB collision-detection algorithm enables efficient and precise extraction of road boundaries and linear road markings in various curving types of roads. Finally, this enhances its practicality and simplifies the implementation of the extraction process.
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Wu, Wenxiu, Xiaoyong Zou, Jing Liu, Yonglin Hu, Zhong Lv, Ruijian Zheng, and Zhen Liu. "Research on the Anti-Fouling Properties of Double-Coated Road Markings." E3S Web of Conferences 512 (2024): 03037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202451203037.

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The article analyses the influencing factors of the anti-fouling properties of road traffic markings and researches a double-coated, anti-fouling road marking with good heat stability and high coating density. The anti-fouling performance of the road marking during its use period was experimentally analysed using SPSS software. The results indicate that the anti-fouling performance of the double-coated road marking is significantly better than that of thermoplastic markings and two-component markings, and it has a promising prospect for widespread application.
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Pan, Y., B. Yang, S. Li, H. Yang, Z. Dong, and X. Yang. "AUTOMATIC ROAD MARKINGS EXTRACTION, CLASSIFICATION AND VECTORIZATION FROM MOBILE LASER SCANNING DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W13 (June 5, 2019): 1089–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w13-1089-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> To meet the demands of various applications such as high definition navigation map production for unmanned vehicles and road reconstruction and expansion engineering, this paper proposes an effective and efficient approach to automatically extract, classify and vectorize road markings from Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) point clouds. Firstly, the MLS point cloud is segmented to ground and non-ground points. Secondly, several geo-reference images are generated and further used to detect road markings pixels under an image processing scheme. Thirdly, road marking point clouds are retrieved from the image and further segmented into connected objects. Otsu thresholding and Statistic Outlier Remover are adopted to refine the road marking objects. Next, each road marking objects are classified into several categories such as boundary lines, rectangle road markings, etc. based on its bounding box information. Other irregular road markings are classified by a model matching scheme. Finally, all classified road markings are vectorized as closed or unclosed polylines after reconnecting the breaking boundary lines. Comprehensive experiments are done on various MLS point clouds of both the urban and highway scenarios, which show that the precision and recall of the proposed method is higher than 95% for road marking extraction and as high as 93% for road marking classification on highway scenarios. The ratio is 92% and 85% for urban scenarios.</p>
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Chou, Chia-Pei, Kin-Wai Leong, Ai-Chin Chen, and Yao-Xuan Lee. "Road marking retroreflectivity study via a visual algorithm." International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology 13, no. 6 (November 2020): 614–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42947-020-6001-x.

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AbstractThe retroreflectivity (Rl) of road markings is important and should be inspected and maintained throughout their service life. The specifications are provided by European nations, the United States, and many other countries. Although acceptance tests ensure the good Rl quality of newly placed road markings, the RL values of all in-service road markings are rather difficult to inspect by using currently available devices. This study, therefore, aims to determine the relationship between Rl and corresponding image brightness of yellow road markings to evaluate their visibility by analyzing recorded images captured at night. An integrated algorithm was developed to analyze recorded images continuously for identifying road marking brightness 30 m away from a vehicle. Field experiments on three types of road marking materials were performed and repeated at four separate locations. The findings provide a promising direction for using the image brightness of road markings to predict their field Rl. However, limitations of this study are discussed and suggestions for future direction are presented.
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Ye, Chengming, Hongfu Li, Ruilong Wei, Lixuan Wang, Tianbo Sui, Wensen Bai, and Pirasteh Saied. "Double Adaptive Intensity-Threshold Method for Uneven Lidar Data to Extract Road Markings." Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 87, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 639–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14358/pers.20-00099.

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Due to the large volume and high redundancy of point clouds, there are many dilemmas in road-marking extraction algorithms, especially from uneven lidar point clouds. To extract road markings efficiently, this study presents a novel method for handling the uneven density distribution of point clouds and the high reflection intensity of road markings. The method first segments the point-cloud data into blocks perpendicular to the vehicle trajectory. Then it applies the double adaptive intensity-threshold method to extract road markings from road surfaces. Finally, it performs an adaptive spatial density filter based on the density distribution of point-cloud data to remove false road-marking points. The average completeness, correctness, and F measure of road-marking extraction are 0.827, 0.887, and 0.854, respectively, indicating that the proposed method is efficient and robust.
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KEMSLEY, JYLLIAN. "road markings." Chemical & Engineering News 88, no. 36 (September 6, 2010): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v088n036.p067.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Road markings"

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Du, Preez Emile. "Empirical investigation of life cycle cost of road studs on national roads." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97394.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study involved a detail empirical investigation into the different road studs in use on South Africa’s national road network and how they performed on the network under different road conditions in order to establish which road stud, under what conditions, offers best value for money in terms of life-cycle cost for the South African National Roads Agency Limited. These main questions were asked: What is the most cost-effective/value-for-money stud option for SANRAL to choose for each of the specified road categories? Under which conditions do the studs perform differently and what is the most likely mode of failure of specific studs linked to a specific road condition and road category? The South African and Australian road stud standards were reviewed to gain understanding of which criteria one has to consider when evaluating road studs and what information would be needed for the research. Similar studies on road studs were reviewed to compare the criteria that were looked at, namely Guidelines for the use of Raised Pavement Markers, developed by the Department of Transport in the United States, and Feasibility of using accelerated pavement testing to evaluate the long term performance of raised pavement markers, a research paper by the Florida Department of Transport. This research made use of a standardised questionnaire containing questions on various elements found to be key to the road stud performance. The study was done on approximately 4 659 km of roads in SANRAL’s Western region, consisting of the Western Cape and Northern Cape. From the literature review, it was identified that there is a need for the SABS standards to be updated to include the testing of structural properties of studs. SANRAL should look at the lack in specification requirements when asking for the installation of road studs. From the data available it was observed that the preferred studs were the Ferro Lynx followed by the STA+52 stud. They are predominantly used on the roads that were included in the survey. They perform well on the national roads. The data suggests that these two studs and the Rhino stud are the best-performing studs with the least dislodgement and loss in reflectivity. The STA+52 and Rhino stud, however, are fairly new on the market and more data for theirs full life cycle should be obtained for further monitoring The regression analysis indicated that 36 per cent of the variation in the reflectivity of the Ferro Lynx stud can be explained by the surface width of the road, the traffic volume measured as ELVS and the period installed. All the coefficients were significant with a 5 per cent significance. The prediction tables on the weighted data set, indicated that one should always consider width of road when choosing a road stud and that the reflectivity of studs deteriorates most on the narrower roads.
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Pratyaksa, Prabha. "Safety evaluation of converging chevron pavement markings." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47697.

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Chevron pavement markings have seen rising interest in the United States as a means to reduce speeds at high-speed locations and improve safety performance. In Atlanta, there are two freeway-to-freeway ramps where chevron markings are being used. A previous study analyzed before-and-after speed data at these ramps and found only a modest reduction on overall vehicle speeds. However, a cursory crash analysis indicated that the ramps had crash reductions of over 60%, suggesting that safety benefits exist even though vehicle speeds are not significantly affected. This research aims to evaluate the safety performance of chevron markings on the two ramps in Atlanta, GA in order to quantify the potential impact of the treatment on safety and to understand the mechanism by which the treatment influences safety. This thesis begins with a literature review covering topics in human factors in safety, past uses of different types of pavement markings, and methods in using crash databases and police reports in accident studies. Next, the thesis presents an in-depth before and after analysis of crash data from crash databases and police reports provided by the Georgia Department of Transportation. And finally, the thesis concludes with a summary of findings and a discussion of further research needs. The results verified that there were 73% and 61% crash reductions in the two study ramps. Chevron markings appear to have benefitted all types of crashes and that they are possibly serving as a warning to drivers of potential upcoming hazards. Unavailability of a number of police reports and errors in crash databases were limitations to this study, and ultimately, new sites should be selected carefully and further studies need to be performed to better understand the treatment's benefits.
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Tao, Zui. "Autonomous road vehicles localization using satellites, lane markings and vision." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2261/document.

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L'estimation de la pose (position et l'attitude) en temps réel est une fonction clé pour les véhicules autonomes routiers. Cette thèse vise à étudier des systèmes de localisation pour ces véhicules en utilisant des capteurs automobiles à faible coût. Trois types de capteurs sont considérés : des capteurs à l'estime qui existent déjà dans les automobiles modernes, des récepteurs GNSS mono-fréquence avec antenne patch et une caméra de détection de la voie regardant vers l’avant. Les cartes très précises sont également des composants clés pour la navigation des véhicules autonomes. Dans ce travail, une carte de marquage de voies avec une précision de l’ordre du décimètre est considérée. Le problème de la localisation est étudié dans un repère de travail local Est-Nord-Haut. En effet, les sorties du système de localisation sont utilisées en temps réel comme entrées dans un planificateur de trajectoire et un contrôleur de mouvement pour faire en sorte qu’un véhicule soit capable d'évoluer au volant de façon autonome à faible vitesse avec personne à bord. Ceci permet de développer des applications de voiturier autonome aussi appelées « valet de parking ». L'utilisation d'une caméra de détection de voie rend possible l’exploitation des informations de marquage de voie stockées dans une carte géoréférencée. Un module de détection de marquage détecte la voie hôte du véhicule et fournit la distance latérale entre le marquage de voie détecté et le véhicule. La caméra est également capable d'identifier le type des marquages détectés au sol (par exemple, de type continu ou pointillé). Comme la caméra donne des mesures relatives, une étape importante consiste à relier les mesures à l'état du véhicule. Un modèle d'observation raffiné de la caméra est proposé. Il exprime les mesures métriques de la caméra en fonction du vecteur d'état du véhicule et des paramètres des marquages au sol détectés. Cependant, l'utilisation seule d'une caméra a des limites. Par exemple, les marquages des voies peuvent être absents dans certaines parties de la zone de navigation et la caméra ne parvient pas toujours à détecter les marquages au sol, en particulier, dans les zones d’intersection. Un récepteur GNSS, qui est obligatoire pour le démarrage à froid, peut également être utilisé en continu dans le système de localisation multi-capteur du fait qu’il permet de compenser la dérive de l’estime. Les erreurs de positionnement GNSS ne peuvent pas être modélisées simplement comme des bruits blancs, en particulier avec des récepteurs mono-fréquence à faible coût travaillant de manière autonome, en raison des perturbations atmosphériques sur les signaux des satellites et les erreurs d’orbites. Un récepteur GNSS peut également être affecté par de fortes perturbations locales qui sont principalement dues aux multi-trajets. Cette thèse étudie des modèles formeurs de biais d’erreur GNSS qui sont utilisés dans le solveur de localisation en augmentant le vecteur d'état. Une variation brutale due à multi-trajet est considérée comme une valeur aberrante qui doit être rejetée par le filtre. Selon le flux d'informations entre le récepteur GNSS et les autres composants du système de localisation, les architectures de fusion de données sont communément appelées « couplage lâche » (positions et vitesses GNSS) ou « couplage serré » (pseudo-distance et Doppler sur les satellites en vue). Cette thèse étudie les deux approches. En particulier, une approche invariante selon la route est proposée pour gérer une modélisation raffinée de l'erreur GNSS dans l'approche par couplage lâche puisque la caméra ne peut améliorer la performance de localisation que dans la direction latérale de la route
Estimating the pose (position and attitude) in real-time is a key function for road autonomous vehicles. This thesis aims at studying vehicle localization performance using low cost automotive sensors. Three kinds of sensors are considered : dead reckoning (DR) sensors that already exist in modern vehicles, mono-frequency GNSS (Global navigation satellite system) receivers with patch antennas and a frontlooking lane detection camera. Highly accurate maps enhanced with road features are also key components for autonomous vehicle navigation. In this work, a lane marking map with decimeter-level accuracy is considered. The localization problem is studied in a local East-North-Up (ENU) working frame. Indeed, the localization outputs are used in real-time as inputs to a path planner and a motion generator to make a valet vehicle able to drive autonomously at low speed with nobody on-board the car. The use of a lane detection camera makes possible to exploit lane marking information stored in the georeferenced map. A lane marking detection module detects the vehicle’s host lane and provides the lateral distance between the detected lane marking and the vehicle. The camera is also able to identify the type of the detected lane markings (e.g., solid or dashed). Since the camera gives relative measurements, the important step is to link the measures with the vehicle’s state. A refined camera observation model is proposed. It expresses the camera metric measurements as a function of the vehicle’s state vector and the parameters of the detected lane markings. However, the use of a camera alone has some limitations. For example, lane markings can be missing in some parts of the navigation area and the camera sometimes fails to detect the lane markings in particular at cross-roads. GNSS, which is mandatory for cold start initialization, can be used also continuously in the multi-sensor localization system as done often when GNSS compensates for the DR drift. GNSS positioning errors can’t be modeled as white noises in particular with low cost mono-frequency receivers working in a standalone way, due to the unknown delays when the satellites signals cross the atmosphere and real-time satellites orbits errors. GNSS can also be affected by strong biases which are mainly due to multipath effect. This thesis studies GNSS biases shaping models that are used in the localization solver by augmenting the state vector. An abrupt bias due to multipath is seen as an outlier that has to be rejected by the filter. Depending on the information flows between the GNSS receiver and the other components of the localization system, data-fusion architectures are commonly referred to as loosely coupled (GNSS fixes and velocities) and tightly coupled (raw pseudoranges and Dopplers for the satellites in view). This thesis investigates both approaches. In particular, a road-invariant approach is proposed to handle a refined modeling of the GNSS error in the loosely coupled approach since the camera can only improve the localization performance in the lateral direction of the road. Finally, this research discusses some map-matching issues for instance when the uncertainty domain of the vehicle state becomes large if the camera is blind. It is challenging in this case to distinguish between different lanes when the camera retrieves lane marking measurements.As many outdoor experiments have been carried out with equipped vehicles, every problem addressed in this thesis is evaluated with real data. The different studied approaches that perform the data fusion of DR, GNSS, camera and lane marking map are compared and several conclusions are drawn on the fusion architecture choice
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Cao, Yong. "A design of experimental approach to study the road marking luminance contrast and variable message signs /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2004. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3145413.

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Schnell, Thomas. "The development of a PC-based pavement-making visibility evaluation model." Ohio : Ohio University, 1994. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1178732568.

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Mohi, Amal A. "Performance Evaluation of Pavement Markings on Portland Cement Concrete Bridge Decks." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1238350586.

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Crescenzo, Giuseppe. "Visibility models for road markings: analysis of the influence of size and shape." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.

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Per prevedere la visibilità della segnaletica orizzontale sono stati sviluppati diversi modelli sia negli Stati Uniti (DETECT / PCDETECT) che in Europa (CIE 73 / COST 331). Il livello di visibilità viene definito come il rapporto tra il contrasto presente tra la luminanza del segnale e quella della superfice stradale, e un contrasto soglia. Per calcolare quest’ultimo (Cth), tutti questi modelli si riferiscono ai dati di Blackwell o al modello di Adrian. Tuttavia, essi sono in grado di valutare il Cth per oggetti di forma circolare, mentre la segnaletica orizzontale ha una forma poligonale. Pertanto, in tutti i modelli che valutano la visibilità dei segnali stradali vengono formulate delle ipotesi di equivalenza le quali permettono di convertire un poligono in un disco equivalente. Per stimare il raggio del disco equivalente, e quindi poter usare tutti i dati psicofisici sulla visibilità dei dischi, esistono due ipotesi, le quali variano in funzione del modello. La prima calcola il diametro del disco equivalente tramite l’area del segnale stradale, mentre la seconda usa il perimetro. Queste ipotesi però non sono del tutto verificate. In questo contesto è stato condotto un esperimento psicofisico che permette di indagare l’influenza della forma sul Cth sotto condizioni rappresentative per il calcolo della visibilità dei segnali stradali durante la notte su strade illuminate.
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Burrow, M. P. N. "The development of an automated inspection system for the analysis of road markings." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324095.

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French, Kari A. "Evaluation of concrete median barrier delineation under poor visibility conditions." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=3213.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 86, 82 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-86).
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Coves-Campos, Andrés. "Análisis de la Durabilidad de la Señalización Vial Horizontal Atendiendo a su Composición y Posicionamiento en la Calzada de Carreteras Secundarias en Climas Semiáridos Cálidos." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/102947.

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Las marcas viales constituyen la única guía óptica que en muchas ocasiones tienen los usuarios de la vía, su correcta aplicación y conservación nos puede llegar a determinar la gravedad de un accidente hasta el punto de poder llegar a evitarlo. Por tanto, el correcto mantenimiento y repintado de la señalización vial horizontal en las carreteras convencionales a nivel mundial y de la red viaria española en particular, la investigación en nuevas combinaciones de materiales y el estudio de su durabilidad dependiendo del posicionamiento que ocupa la marca vial en carretera, nos aportan, sin duda, un apoyo útil para progresar en la lucha contra la accidentalidad vial. Por ese motivo, se ha investigado, no sólo la evolución temporal de las características fundamentales de la señalización vial horizontal como son: la visibilidad diurna, la visibilidad nocturna y la resistencia al deslizamiento de nuevas combinaciones de materiales de post-mezclado y materiales base, como es la pintura fosforescente; sino que, al mismo tiempo, se ha elaborado una relación y un estudio de la vida útil de la marca vial atendiendo a sus características fundamentales según la zona de la calzada que ocupa esa marca vial, estableciendo las pautas de comportamiento de las mismas y cuándo reemplazarlas por no cumplir con los criterios mínimos de aceptación, relacionando la sección de desgaste a cada una de las marcas viales que podemos encontrar en las carreteras convencionales de la red viaria española. Para ello, hemos elaborado un testing ground (TG1), en la carretera CV-904, con un total de 36 samples, teniendo para cada sentido de circulación 18 combinaciones de materiales atendiendo a material base y material de post-mezclado (microesferas de vidrio, cargas antideslizantes no transparentes y grano de vidrio transparente), y a su sistema de aplicación (monolayer o bilayer). Además, hemos ejecutado un segundo testing ground (TG2), en la ronda interna de la propia Universidad de Alicante, donde, partiendo de los conocimientos obtenidos en el primer estudio, se han fabricado nuevas combinaciones de materiales incluyendo el material base, diferentes tipos de microesferas de vidrio y cargas antideslizantes como parte del material de post-mezclado, se ha añadido pintura con pigmentos fosforescentes para mejorar la visibilidad nocturna y barniz de recubrimiento premezclado con agregados antideslizantes para prolongar la vida útil de la marca vial, fabricando un total de 40 samples analizadas en laboratorio. No sólo se han estudiado los resultados de los parámetros fundamentales de cada sample, sino que nos hemos apoyado en la toma de fotografías in situ analizándolas cualitativamente, lo que nos ha ayudado a comprender su evolución y los resultados. Al mismo tiempo hemos tomado muestras de todas ellas para su observación en laboratorio. Tras la comparativa entre la evolución de cada característica principal de las probetas y su análisis, hemos establecido los períodos de la vida útil de cada una de ellas según la zona de afección en la que están ubicadas atendiendo a la Norma 8.2-IC. Cabe destacar que se ha dejado la línea de investigación relacionada con la interconexión entre el vehículo autónomo, la infraestructura viaria y la señalización vial horizontal abierta como principal futura línea de investigación.
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Books on the topic "Road markings"

1

Illumination, International Commission on. Visual aspects of road markings: Joint technical report CIE/PIARC. Vienna: Central Bureau of the CIE, 1988.

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Carson, Jodi L. Applications of illuminated, active, in-pavement marker systems. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, 2008.

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Thomas, Gary B. Durable, cost-effective pavement markings. Ames, Iowa: Center for Transportation Research and Education, Iowa State University, 2001.

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New York (State). Engineering Research and Development Bureau, ed. Evaluation of polyester pavement markings. Albany, N.Y: New York State Dept. of Transportation, Engineering Research and Development Bureau, 1992.

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Cuelho, Eli. A review of the performance and costs of contemporary pavement marking systems: Final report. Helena, Mont: Montana Dept. of Transportation, 2003.

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Migletz, James. Long-term pavement marking practices: A synthesis of highway practice. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board, 2002.

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Holcombe, Wiley. System enhancement for an automated raised pavement marker placement machine. Georgia: Dept. of Transportation, State of Georgia, 2009.

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American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. and United States. Federal Highway Administration., eds. Pavement markings: Materials and application for extended service life. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, 1988.

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Smadi, Omar. Predicting the initial retroreflectivity of pavement markings from glass bead quality. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, 2013.

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Lynde, McGregor. Evaluation of inlaid durable pavement markings in an Oregon snow zone: Final report. Salem, OR: Oregon Dept. of Transportation, Research Unit, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Road markings"

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Burghardt, Tomasz E., and Anton Pashkevich. "Sustainable Road Markings." In Encyclopedia of Green Materials, 1–7. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4921-9_142-1.

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Pihlak, René, and Andri Riid. "Simultaneous Road Edge and Road Surface Markings Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 109–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57672-1_9.

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Drenth, Kars, Jun Yew Tan, Marc Drenth, and Ong Ju Kit. "LCMS-2 Measurements of the Quality of Road Markings." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 943–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48679-2_88.

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Li, Cheng, Ivo Creusen, Lykele Hazelhoff, and Peter H. N. de With. "Detection and Recognition of Road Markings in Panoramic Images." In Computer Vision - ACCV 2014 Workshops, 448–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16631-5_33.

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Adedeji, Jacob Adedayo, Samuel Olugbenga Abejide, Moliehi Monts’i, Mohamed Mostafa Hassan, and Wafaa H. H. Mostafa. "Reaction Behaviour of Drivers to Road Markings: Case Study of Main South Road Lesotho – N8 Road South Africa." In Sustainable Solutions for Railways and Transportation Engineering, 58–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01911-2_6.

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Lima, Orlando, Iran Rocha Segundo, Laura Nascimento Mazzoni, Elisabete Freitas, and Joaquim Carneiro. "Improving the road safety and the service life of road markings through self-cleaning ability." In Bituminous Mixtures and Pavements VIII, 673–80. London: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003402541-79.

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Kim, JongBae. "Detection and Recognition of Road Markings for Advanced Driver Assistance System." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 325–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47895-0_39.

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Voisin, Vincent, Manuel Avila, Bruno Emile, Stephane Begot, and Jean-Christophe Bardet. "Road Markings Detection and Tracking Using Hough Transform and Kalman Filter." In Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems, 76–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11558484_10.

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Riege, Daniel, Stephan Pareigis, and Tim Tiedemann. "Real-Time Aspects of Image Segmentation of Road Markings in Miniature Autonomy." In Real-time and Autonomous Systems 2022, 97–107. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32700-1_11.

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Pashkevich, Anton, Tomasz E. Burghardt, Ksenia Shubenkova, and Irina Makarova. "Analysis of Drivers’ Eye Movements to Observe Horizontal Road Markings Ahead of Intersections." In Vision Zero for Sustainable Road Safety in Baltic Sea Region, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22375-5_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Road markings"

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Villa, C., R. Bremond, F. Eymond, and E. Saint-Jacques. "CHARACTERISATION OF LUMINESCENT ROAD MARKINGS." In CIE 2021 Conference. International Commission on Illumination, CIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/x48.2021.op02.

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Photoluminescent paints for road marking have been evaluated through laboratory measurements and visibility computations. The luminance decay in the dark was measured after constant excitation during at least six hours. To study the effect of night-time lighting conditions, luminance was also measured under a constant low illumination simulating moon and light pollution, and a periodic lighting simulating automotive traffic. Measurements were also carried out on luminescent road markings applied in a full scale mock up. Then, possible uses and limits of photoluminescent road markings were investigated through visibility computations based on the COST 331 model. Findings suggest that luminescent road markings could strengthen the visual guidance of drivers on the road with traffic by increasing the visibility distance beyond the range of the headlamps during the first few hours of the night, but it depends on the night-time illumination level.
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Wu, Tao, and Ananth Ranganathan. "Vehicle localization using road markings." In 2013 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivs.2013.6629627.

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Tidjani, Ali, Maxime Redondin, Laurent Bouillaut, and Dimitri Daucher. "Impact of Road Infrastructure Characteristics on Road Markings." In Proceedings of the 29th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-11-2724-3_0166-cd.

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Wang, Jike, Shanmu Wang, Yasha Iravantchi, Mingke Wang, Alanson Sample, Kang G. Shin, Xinbing Wang, Chenghu Zhou, and Dongyao Chen. "METRO: Magnetic Road Markings for All-weather, Smart Roads." In SenSys '23: 21st ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3625687.3625809.

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Rehder, Eike, and Alexander Albrecht. "Submap-based SLAM for road markings." In 2015 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivs.2015.7225910.

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Bouzar, S. "Traffic measurement: image processing using road markings." In Eighth International Conference on Road Traffic Monitoring and Control. IEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19960300.

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Hsu, Shau-Wei, Cheng-Hsien Chen, and Shao-Tang Hung. "VISIBILITY OF ROAD MARKINGS ON A LED-LIGHTED FOGGY ROAD." In CIE 2018. International Commission on Illumination, CIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/x45.2018.po13.

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Safavi, Seyed Hamid, Mohammad Eslami, Aliasghar Sharifi Najafabadi, Amirhosein Hajihoseini, Mohammadreza Riahi, Maryam Rekabi, Sadaf Sarafan, et al. "Image dataset for Persian Road Surface Markings." In 2017 10th Iranian Conference on Machine Vision and Image Processing (MVIP). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iranianmvip.2017.8342361.

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Ishino, Yuichi, and Hitoshi Saji. "Extraction of road markings from aerial images." In SICE 2008 - 47th Annual Conference of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers of Japan. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sice.2008.4655024.

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Donghao Xu, Qiqi Zeng, Huijing Zhao, Chunzhao Guo, Kiyosumi Kidono, and Yoshiko Kojima. "Online stereovision calibration using on-road markings." In 2014 IEEE 17th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2014.6957699.

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Reports on the topic "Road markings"

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Coyner, Kelley, and Jason Bittner. Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure Enablers: Pavement Markings and Signs. SAE International, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2022011.

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Transportation infrastructure systems serve as the platform for emerging automated vehicle (AV) technologies and, in their current condition, limit the reliability of these new vehicles. Road conditions, lane markings, and signs provide essential guidance and information to both human- and machine-controlled vehicles; however, their condition and placement vary depending on local conditions, practices, and funding. Irregular sign placements and road markings confuse both human and machine drivers and can create unsafe conditions. Still, in the short term, they are the easiest factor to adjust regarding successful AV deployment. Automated Vehicles and Infrastructure Enablers: Pavement Markings and Signsexamines the issues associated with pavement markings and signs in the context of advanced automation. The report focuses on unresolved issues between the AV industry and infrastructure owners and operators and provides opportunities and recommendations for the AV industry and the larger transportation community to address reliability issues.
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Coyner, Kelley, and Jason Bittner. Infrastructure Enablers and Automated Vehicles: Trucking. SAE International, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2022017.

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While automated trucking developers have established regular commercial shipments, operations and testing remain limited largely to limited-access highways like interstates. This infrastructure provides a platform or operating environment that is highly structured, with generally good road conditions and visible lane markings. To date, these deployments have not included routine movements from hub to hub, whether on or off these limited-access facilities. Benefits such as safety, fuel efficiency, staffing for long-haul trips, and a strengthened supply chain turn enable broader deployment which can enable movement from one transportation system to another. Infrastructure Enablers and Automated Vehicles: Trucking focuses on unresolved issues between the automated vehicle industry and infrastructure owners and operators that stand in the way of using infrastructure—both physical and digital—to extend use cases for automated trucking to more operational design domains (ODDs). The report also examines opportunities and recommendations related the integration of automated trucking across transportation networks and the supply chain. The topics include road conditions and lane marking visibility, work zone navigation, transfer hubs, and facility design, as well as connected and electric charging infrastructure.
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Pineda-Mendez, Raul A., Xueqian Shi, and Andrew P. Tarko. Speed Management on Freeways in Transition Zones Between Rural and Urban Conditions. Purdue University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317586.

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Drivers’ noncompliance with the posted speed limit reductions on rural-to-urban freeway transition zones is a recurrent problem in Indiana and other states. Speed-reduction treatments, such as pavement markings and active signing, aim to solve this issue. Optical speed bars, longitudinal speed reduction markings, and speed feedback signs were identified as the most promising speed-reduction treatments for experimental implementation in Indiana. Probe-vehicle-based speed data for 1 year was acquired on selected freeway segments to measure the speed effect. A set of fixed-effects linear regression models were used to estimate the effect of speed-reduction treatments on three key speed behavior characteristics—average speed, 90th speed percentiles, and speed variability. Optical speed bars together with speed feedback signs are a promising combination of treatments. While this and other traditional speed-reduction treatments show promise, their influence area is limited to a portion of target road segments. Therefore, future speed management needs to consider other speed-reduction treatments, particularly automated and area-wide speed enforcement, to maintain reduced speeds inside urban areas.
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Dahal, Sachindra, and Jeffery Roesler. Passive Sensing of Electromagnetic Signature of Roadway Material for Lateral Positioning of Vehicle. Illinois Center for Transportation, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-039.

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Autonomous vehicles (AV) and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) offer multiple safety benefits for drivers and road agencies. However, maintaining the lateral position of an AV or a vehicle with ADAS within a lane is a challenge, especially in adverse weather conditions when lane markings are occluded. For significant penetration of AV without compromising safety, vehicle-to-infrastructure sensing capabilities are necessary, especially during severe weather conditions. This research proposes a method to create a continuous electromagnetic (EM) signature on the roadway, using materials compatible with existing paving materials and construction methods. Laboratory testing of the proposed concept was performed on notched concrete-slab specimens and concrete prisms containing EM materials. An induction-based eddy-current sensor and magnetometers were implemented to detect the EM signature. The detected signals were compared to evaluate the effects of sensor height above the concrete surface, type of EM materials, EM-material volume, material shape, and volume of EM concrete prisms. A layer of up to 2 in. (5.1 cm) of water, ice, snow, or sand was placed between the sensor and the concrete slab to represent adverse weather conditions. Results showed that factors such as sensor height, EM-material volume, EM dosage, types of the EM material, and shape of the EM material in the prism were significant attenuators of the EM signal and must be engineered properly. Presence of adverse surface conditions had a negligible effect, as compared to normal conditions, indicating robustness of the presented method. This study proposes a promising method to complement existing sensors’ limitations in AVs and ADAS for effective lane-keeping during normal and adverse weather conditions with the help of vehicle-to-pavement interaction.
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Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-2008-0017-3095, evaluation of employees' chemical exposures while blending and repackaging glass beads for road markings, Weissker Manufacturing, Palestine, Texas. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, November 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshheta200800173095.

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