Academic literature on the topic '"Road movies"'
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Journal articles on the topic ""Road movies""
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Zhang, Rongchen. "A Study on the Development and Change Strategies of Domestic Road Films in China." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 28 (April 9, 2024): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/cn072212.
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The analysis in this paper focuses on the Chinese domestic road movie, a film genre that has a late but promising start in China. The material for Chinese road movies often comes from people’s lives, but some trends in recent years have proved that Chinese road movie creators are trying to use road movies to show people’s inner desires, which are different from those in the past. The purpose of studying the development and changing strategies of road films is to promote the development of Chinese-made road films in the future and to find breakthroughs for developing Chinese road films in a social environment where pressure is gradually increasing. After introducing the development of Chinese road movies at various stages, based on the status quo of Chinese road movies in the past, the author points out the problems in the development process of Chinese road movies in terms of the solidification of the mode, the mishmash of genres and the spiritual kernel that has been gradually exposed. In the face of this situation, the author makes three suggestions in the light of the spiritual core of Chinese people and the current situation of modern society.
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Kazurova, Natalia V., and Ekaterina Y. Trushkina. "THE ROAD MOVIE GENRE IN THE WEST MOVIES AND THE MUSLIM EAST CINEMATOGRAPHY." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. "Literary Theory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies" Series, no. 4 (2021): 126–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7249-2021-4-126-142.
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The article analyzes specific features of the Road Movie genre in a historical perspective on the example of the Western countries film production and Iran national cinematography. To that end the authors focus on genre and semantic variety of classical movies, a «proto-road-movie» and the Road Movies of nowadays. A comparative approach to the study of the genre formula provides for revealing the nuances in the stylistic techniques of directors and defining the national features of the semantic core of the Road Movie genre in both the Western movies (created in Europe and the USA) and in the films of the East (Iranian New Wave). While maintaining a number of aesthetic features that are similar in Western and Eastern Road Movies, one can nevertheless observe a significant difference in the way of representing the concept of the Path (the Road) by directors from the West and from Muslim countries. The article gives a detailed analysis of the Road concept in the context of Islamic cinema. Studying the symbolic of the Path and the Travel in Muslim tradition the authors refer to the norms of Sharia, Sufism and to the mode of the life traditions of the Middle Ages and our days. Special attention is paid to the movies of a well-known Iranian director Abbas Kiarostami. Working before and after the Islamic Revolution (1978–1979) he was the one of the founders of the New Iranian cinema.
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Bromley, Roger. "Traversing identity: Home movies and road movies in Paris, Texas." Angelaki 2, no. 1 (January 1997): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09697259708571919.
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Eyerman, Ron, and Orvar Löfgren. "Romancing the Road: Road Movies and Images of Mobility." Theory, Culture & Society 12, no. 1 (February 1995): 53–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026327695012001003.
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Harris, Hilary. "Desert training for whites: Australian road movies." Journal of Australian Studies 29, no. 86 (January 2005): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443050509388036.
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Boczkowska, Kornelia. "Easy Rider and Thelma & Louise revisited, or on experimental film remakes of the road movie." Journal of Adaptation in Film & Performance 14, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 145–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jafp_00050_1.
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Although remakes and road movies are particularly endemic to Hollywood cinema, experimental filmmakers have also embraced the road movie tradition and reproduced existing material for new audiences to retell, readdress and rearticulate the prior story, exploring the dialectics between repetition, differentiation and genre. Interestingly, however, while the remake, seen mostly as a genre phenomenon, has received some critical attention, remaking in the avant-garde film scene has been rarely explored by adaptation theory and practice. To somewhat fill in this gap, the article situates two recent avant-garde films, James Benning’s Easy Rider (2012) and Jessica Bardsley’s Goodbye Thelma (2019), within the framework of remake and adaptation studies and proposes that both works function as acknowledged and transformed remakes of the classic road movies, in which the outcome radically differs from the original story and crosses the temporal and spatial boundaries of the genre. In doing so, the projects fit in with the broader tradition of cinematic reworking and recycling as they continuously reference and exploit earlier films by creating their alternative versions as well as a strong sense of place and movement.
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Fendler, Ute. "Le road movie dans le contexte interculturel africain." Cinémas 18, no. 2-3 (August 4, 2008): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/018552ar.
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Résumé À partir des années 1990, on constate, en Afrique francophone, une hausse de la production de films que l’on peut qualifier de road movies. Mais comment s’effectue le transfert de ce genre d’origine américaine, dont les caractéristiques les plus marquantes sont l’expérience de l’espace dans le sens spatial et symbolique et la quête d’identité, dans le contexte africain ? En fait, on note que des tendances thématiques et esthétiques se manifestent à l’intérieur du champ cinématographique maghrébin et ouest-africain francophone, notamment la migration Sud-Nord, synonyme de quête d’un avenir meilleur, et le voyage Nord-Sud, synonyme de quête de racines perdues. Outre ces voyages de migration, des périples effectués au sein d’un seul pays mettent l’accent sur la diversité ethnique et culturelle africaine, ce qui est l’occasion de rencontres interculturelles. Dans ce champ cinématographique s’insèrent aussi les films d’orientation historique, légendaire ou mystique où la quête de l’identité ou même du sens de la vie est centrale. Le road movie se prête en effet particulièrement à l’illustration de l’état des sociétés en mutation ou en voie de développement de l’Afrique francophone, ce qui se manifeste par l’abondance des lieux de transit et des mouvements en suspens dans son cinéma. Mais ce genre fait également écho aux récits traditionnels de cette dernière, de telle sorte que les road movies africains s’inscrivent plutôt dans une tradition propre aux récits de voyage et d’initiation — grâce aux types de narration que suppose le road movie —, où les destins individuels sont au premier plan. L’appropriation du genre road movie par les cinéastes d’Afrique francophone représente donc aussi la possibilité de s’inscrire dans l’histoire cinématographique pour attirer l’attention sur des productions issues des cinémas dits « mineurs », le genre leur conférant une certaine visibilité auprès des critiques et des publics.
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Georgescu, Lucian. "The road movies of the New Romanian Cinema." Studies in Eastern European Cinema 3, no. 1 (January 2012): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/seec.3.1.23_1.
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Oh, Young Suk. "Imagined Geographies and Emotion of Korean Road Movies." Film Studies 84 (June 30, 2020): 197–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.17947/fs.2020.6.84.197.
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Gora, Sasha. "Buddies, Lovers, and Detours: America and its Road Movies." Review of International American Studies 14, no. 2 (December 19, 2021): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31261/rias.11809.
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Is an open road also a democratic one? Zooming in on two films—Queen & Slim (2019) and Unpregnant (2020)—this article discusses American road movie genre from the perspective of 2021, and how contemporary film narratives intersect with race and gender. One movie often drives in another film’s lane, meaning the genre is self-referential. Unfolding in three parts, the article begins by introducing these two films and surveying how they contribute to the road movie genre. It then discusses cars and clothing as characters and concludes by considering surveillance and how these films, in tandem, take the temperature of contemporary American society.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic ""Road movies""
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Hui-Bon-Hoa, Alan. "Identity and marginality on the road: American road movies of the 1960s, 1970s and 1990s." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107914.
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This thesis examines two key periods in the American road movie genre with a particular emphasis on formations of identity as they are articulated through themes of marginality,freedom, and rebellion. The first period, what I term the "founding" period of the road moviegenre, includes six films of the 1960s and 1970s: Arthur Penn's Bonnie and Clyde (1967), Dennis Hopper's Easy Rider (1969), Francis Ford Coppola's The Rain People (1969), Monte Hellman's Two-Lane Blacktop (1971), Richard Sarafian's Vanishing Point (1971), and Joseph Strick's Road Movie (1974). The second period of the genre, what I identify as that of the "minority" road movie, occurs largely in the 1990s and includes Ridley Scott's Thelma & Louise (1991), Gregg Araki's The Living End (1992), and Spike Lee's Get on the Bus (1996). Emphasizing the cinematic worlds, narrative trajectories, and identity politics of the road movie, I argue that "founding" road movies, though usually homogeneous in their portrayals of identity, are significant for later minority road movies because they establish points of rebellion that negotiate between dominant and marginal social relations that minority road movies would later revisit. These minority road movies (re)interpret the generic raw material of the past, tapping into a number of subgenres as well as themes of marginality, freedom, and rebellion, in order to introduce new identities to the genre. Important to the many exchanges between the two periods is the interplay of subgenres; as I will discuss, many of these films borrow, critique, and subvert the generic precedents of the past.Cette thèse examine deux périodes clés du genre cinematographique des 'road-movies' américains en se concentrant sur les formations identitaires telles qu'elles sont articulées à travers les thèmes de la marginalité, de la liberté, et de la rébellion. La première période, que je qualifierais de période fondatrice du genre 'road-movie', comprend six films des années 1960 et1970: Bonnie and Clyde d'Arthur Penn (1967), Easy Rider de Dennis Hopper (1969), The Rain People de Francis Ford Coppola (1969), Two-Lane Blacktop de Monte Hellman (1971), Vanishing Point de Richard Sarafian (1971), et Road Movie de Joseph Strick (1974). La deuxième période du genre, que j'identifierais comme celle du 'road-movie' « minoritaire », est produite en grande partie dans les années 1990 et comprend Thelma & Louise de Ridley Scott(1991), The Living End de Gregg Araki (1992), et Get on the Bus de Spike Lee (1996). En soulignant les univers cinématiques, les trajectoires narratives, et les politiques identitaires, je soutiens que les films «fondateurs», souvent homogènes dans leurs représentations identitaires, sont importants pour les « road-movies » minoritaires ultérieurs car ils établissent des points derébellion négociant entre des rapports sociaux de dominants a marginaux, eux-meme plus tard revisités par les films minoritaires. Ces « road-movies » minoritaires réinterpretent les matériaux génériques bruts du passé, mettant en valeur un certain nombre de sous-genres ainsi que les thèmes de la marginalité, la liberté, et la rébellion, afin d'introduire de nouvelles identités au genre. Le jeu des sous-genres est lui-meme important dans les nombreux échanges entre les deux périodes : je débats que plusieurs de ces films empruntent, critiquent et subvertissent les précédents génériques du passé.
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Hurault-Paupe, Anne. "Le road movie : définitions, structures, antécédents et évolution." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100088.
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Cette thèse, après avoir examiné l'imaginaire de la route dans la culture et la civilisation américaines, définit un corpus de quarante films grâce à une analyse des modes de production et de réception. L'histoire du road movie comprend trois périodes : entre 1969 et 1975, il émerge en tant que genre lié au Nouvel Hollywood ; entre 1975 et 1983, il subit une éclipse partielle aux États-Unis, tandis que W. Wenders l'introduit en Europe ; il connaît une résurgence à partir de 1984 et s'impose comme un genre international hybride situé au croisement du cinéma d'auteur et du cinéma commercial. L'analyse du corpus (qui combine l'approche sémantique/syntaxique de R. Altman et la démarche sémiologique de C. Metz) conduit à proposer que le road movie offre une vision à la fois documentaire et contemplative du réel. L'image a souvent un caractère centripète et hypnotique qui, combiné à une utilisation codifiée de la musique, entraîne le spectateur dans une fuite en avant. En opposant espaces de mobilité et de sédentarité, le road movie donne une image nouvelle du pays parcouru. Enfin, en jouant sur trois possibilités narratives (quête, cavale, dérive), il a une logique picaresqueThis dissertation, after examining the resonance of the road in American culture and civilization, defines a forty-film corpus by analyzing the genre's modes of reception and production. The history of the road movie includes three periods: between 1969 and 1975, it emerged as a genre linked with the New Hollywood, then, between 1975 and 1984, it partly disappeared in the U. S. , while W. Wenders transferred it to Europe. Since 1984, it has settled as an international hybrid, located at the crossroads of art and mainstream cinema. The analysis of the corpus (combining R. Altman's semantic/syntactic and C. Metz's semiological approaches) establishes that the genre presents a contemplative, almost documentary vision of reality. Road movie images are often centripetal and hypnotic, which, combined with a codified use of music, draws viewers endlessly forward. The genre, by contrasting spaces of mobility with spaces of settlement, portrays the countries crossed by its heroes. By combining three narrative possibilities (quest, flight, and drifting), it has a picaresque logic
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Laguna, Tapia José Andrés. "Por tu senda. Las "road movies" bolivianas, crónicas de viaje de un país." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/135001.
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A pesar de ser relativamente poco conocido, estudiado y difundido, el cine boliviano ha sido esencial para el desarrollo del cine indigenista y para la constitución del cine latinoamericano desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Pero su gran aporte también ha sido su gran estigma, pues con frecuencia se ha relacionado al cine boliviano únicamente con su vertiente indigenista, ignorando sus otras expresiones.
Esta tesis tiene como objetivo principal realizar una lectura transversal del cine boliviano, que permita identificar como este ha registrado y observado a su país, a sus procesos políticos, sociales y culturales. Tomando como elemento temático recurrente al viaje, a la migración interna y externa, este trabajo se concentra en lo que se puede denominar como las road movies bolivianas, las películas de carretera bolivianas.
La investigación pretende contribuir, desde una perspectiva nueva, al estudio, a la comprensión y a la reflexión sobre el cine boliviano, sobre su rol, sobre sus posibilidades y sobre sus pretensiones. También quiere demostrar de qué manera el registro cinematográfico de la migración puede ser un elemento fundamental a la hora de estudiar la historia política, social y cultural de Bolivia.
Reflexionando sobre el género cinematográfico y sobre su adaptación local, sobre los caminos que ha tomado el cine boliviano, sobre las películas de carretera de amigos, sobre las películas de persecución, sobre la anti-road movies, sobre las películas sobre procesos migratorios nacionales e internacionales, sobre las historias de retorno al lugar de origen y sobre los filmes dedicados a la figura de Evo Morales, esta tesis trata temas importantes para la historia de Bolivia, como el racismo, el clasismo, el machismo, la construcción de identidades y la relación del individuo con el Estado. Se propone al cine como un elemento esencial para el estudio de la historia boliviana y para la construcción de sus discursos dominantes.Bolivian cinema stand among the least studied film traditions in the world. In spite of this, its importance in the development of indigenist cinema, and the configuration of Latin American cinema in the second half of the 20th century, is out of question. Yet, this great contribution is also a stigma Bolivian cinema has to bear; for Bolivian films are usually (and often restrictively) associated with indigenism and its cinematic representation, ignoring any other manifestations it contains. The main objective of this thesis is to read Bolivian cinema transversally, attempting to identify how it has recorded and observed its country through some major political, sociological and cultural events that took place through the past century. Exploring the idea of travel as a recurring narrative device, this thesis focuses in Bolivian road movies as a path into such an inquiry. The goal of this thesis is to provide a new perspective on the understanding of Bolivian cinema, to illuminate new ways of thinking about its role as a national artform, its limitations, possibilities and projections. In a wider sense, the main contribution of this project is the confirmation of a hypothesis holding that, as it is the case with many other countries and traditions, cinema is a key element in the study of Bolivian History. We thus seeks to show how the cinematographic recording of migration is essential for the study of Bolivia's political, social and cultural history. This thesis revisits questions concerning the road movie as a genre (naturally, focusing on the Bolivian version of the genre), Bolivian cinema's representation of roads and pathways, and the prevalence of buddy movies', chase films' and anti-road movies' tropes in Bolivian road movies; but also analyzes the relationship between movies as a representation of internal and external migration in Bolivia, self-discovery trips characters undertake (usually on their way back home), and finally looks at films portraying the different aspects of Evo Morales' public image. In such a path it is that our research deals with crucial subjects for Bolivian history: racism, classism, sexism, the construction of identities and the relationship between the individual and the State.
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Sousa, Diana Inês Rodrigues Cardoso de. "A song of the open road : a estrada como espaço de liberdade das mulheres no filme Thelma and Louise." Master's thesis, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/55234.
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Sousa, Diana Inês Rodrigues Cardoso de. "A song of the open road : a estrada como espaço de liberdade das mulheres no filme Thelma and Louise." Dissertação, Porto : [Edição do Autor], 2010. http://aleph.letras.up.pt/F?func=find-b&find_code=SYS&request=000206121.
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Gama, Gheysa Lemes Gonçalves. "Da viagem física à jornada interior: alegorias e identidade cultural em road movies brasileiros (1960-2015)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2598.
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A presente tese pretende investigar a mudança na representação da identidade cultural analisando o papel alegórico desempenhado pela estrada nos road movie brasileiros lançados entre 1960 e 2015. A hipótese revela que este grupo de obras fílmicas apresenta, num determinado momento histórico, representações de identidade coletiva (a identidade nacional), modificando-se posteriormente, para representar uma identidade fragmentada. Como resultado desse esforço observa-se a existência daquilo que presentemente estamos chamando de duas fases do road movie brasileiro: a “Viagem Física” (congrega filmes lançados entre a década de 1960 até 1998) e a “Jornada Interior” (com filmes de 1998 até 2015). O que mais diferencia essas duas fases são as alegorias assumidas pela estrada nestes road movies, que se modificam, ao mesmo tempo em que se verifica mudança na própria identidade cultural, esta última confirmada em autores como Anderson (2008); Bauman (2008, 2001, 1998) e Hall (2005). Se na primeira fase a estrada é apresentada como uma alegoria da nação e do povo brasileiro, na segunda fase, começa a representar a transformação individual, odisseia subjetiva, um espaço existencial, de transformação, que se configura como um ritual de passagem. A tese é amparada, para além dos fundamentos teóricos, na análise fílmica de seis películas: Iracema, uma transa amazônica (BODANZKY; SENNA, 1974); Bye bye Brasil (DIEGUES, 1979); Jorge, um brasileiro (THIAGO, 1988); Central do Brasil (SALLES, 1998); Cinemas, aspirinas e urubus (GOMES, 2005) e Dromedário no asfalto (VARGAS, 2014). Assim, se busca demonstrar, observando a representação de algumas características sociais e culturais presentes no cinema nacional, a real confluência entre as mudanças alegóricas nos road movies brasileiros com as transformações na construção da nossa própria identidade cultural.
This thesis aims to investigate the change in the representations of the cultural identity by analyzing the allegorical role played by the road in the Brazilian road movies released between 1960 and 2015. The hypothesis is that this group of films brings about, in a given historical moment, representations of collective identity (national identity), but changing later to represent a fragmented identity. As a result of this effort one might find the existence of what is now being called the two phases of the Brazilian road movie: the "Physical Journey" (congregating films released between 1960 to 1998) and the "Journey Within" (films from 1998 to 2015). What most distinguishes these two phases are the allegories personified by the road in these road movies, which change at the same time that changes in the cultural identity occur, the latter being confirmed by authors such as Anderson (2008); Bauman (2008, 2001, 1998) and Hall (2005). If the first phase, the road is presented as an allegory of the nation and of the Brazilian people, whereas in the second phase it begins to represent the individual transformation, the subjective odyssey, an existential space of transformation, which is configured as a rite of passage. The thesis is supported, in addition to the theoretical foundations, by the cinematic analysis of six films: Iracema, uma transa amazônica (BODANZKY; SENNA, 1974); Bye bye Brasil (DIEGUES, 1979); Jorge, um brasileiro (THIAGO, 1988); Central do Brasil (SALLES, 1998); Cinemas, aspirinas e urubus (GOMES, 2005) e Dromedário no asfalto (VARGAS, 2014). Thus, this work seeks to show, by watching the representation of some social and cultural characteristics present in the national cinema, the real confluence between the allegorical changes in Brazilian road movies with those in the construction of our own cultural identity.
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Carneiro, Rose May. "Na estrada com os primeiros road movies de Wim Wenders : viagem, identidade e incomunicação." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/2015.11.T.19889.
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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Comunicação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação, 2015.Submitted by Fernanda Percia França (fernandafranca@bce.unb.br) on 2016-04-06T13:47:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_RoseMayCarneiro.pdf: 350822515 bytes, checksum: 3e6c6df1279d0ca3fcddbfa13787914f (MD5)
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O objetivo desta tese é analisar os filmes que iniciam a trilogia on the road do cineasta alemão Wim Wenders: Alice nas Cidades (Alice in den Städten / 1974), Movimento em Falso (Falsche Bewegung / 1975 ) e No Decurso do Tempo (Im Lauf der Zeit/1976). Por meio da viagem e do ato de viajar, os filmes de Wim Wenders percorrem estradas repletas de temas existenciais que nos ajudam a refletir sobre a condição humana, na contemporaneidade. Nas suas paisagens áridas e impactantes, seus personagens ligam-se a questões como a busca da identidade, a incomunicabilidade do homem no mundo contemporâneo, a poesia, a solidão, os silêncios, os grandes espaços vazios, além da reflexão sobre a transitoriedade da imagem que perpassa a pintura, a fotografia, os gêneros, como o da paisagem, até chegar na transitoriedade do cinema.
The objective of this thesis is to analyze the films that compose the trilogy on the road by the German filmmaker Wim Wenders: Alice in the Cities (Alice in den Städten / 1974), Wrong Move (Falsche Bewegung / 1975) and Kings of the Road (Im Lauf der Zeit / 1976). Through the journey itself and the act of traveling, Wim Wenders films run through roads charged with existential themes that help us reflect on the human condition in contemporary times, considered also from a cultural perspective. In the arid and striking landscapes of the films, the characters are bound to connect to issues such as the search for identity, the lack of communication in the contemporary world, poetry, solitude, silence, geographical emptiness as well as the reflection on the image of transience running through painting, photography, genres such as landscape, until it reaches the transience of cinema itself.
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Brasebin, Jenny. "Road novel, road movie : approche intermédiale du récit de la route." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030088.
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Apparu au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale avec la publication en 1957 d’On the Road de Jack Kerouac et la sortie, 12 ans plus tard, d’Easy Rider de Dennis Hopper, le road novel et le road movie constituent à nos yeux les deux versants de ce que nous avons choisi de nommer le récit de la route. Devant l’absence de réelle étude conjointe entre les deux formes et la persistance d’amalgames, nous souhaitons mettre en évidence ce qui permettrait de distinguer le road novel et le road movie d’autres récits d’errance. Un tel travail nécessite la mise au jour d’un outil d’analyse intermédial permettant d’embrasser de concert des oeuvres relevant d’expressions médiatiques différentes. Nous proposons donc de recourir au concept de chronotope développé par Bakhtine en littérature, et dont il a été démontré il y a peu qu’il est aussi susceptible de s’appliquer à un objet cinématographique. Nous posons que road novel et road movie reposent sur la combinaison d’un ensemble de chronotopes fondamentaux : celui de la route, dans le contexte de la motorisation et des non-lieux de la postmodernité, et celui du seuil, compris comme l’expression du tournant d’une vie. La présence d’une dimension parodique nous amène en outre à mobiliser un autre concept bakhtinien : celui de carnavalesque, qui s’articulerait justement autour des chronotopes de la route et du seuil définis précédemment. Afin de procéder à cette analyse chronotopique, nous nous appuyons sur un corpus d’oeuvres empruntées au répertoire américain, québécois et allemand, en raison notamment des multiples passerelles susceptibles d’être érigées entre ces différentes culturesAppearing in the wake of World War II, with the publication in 1957 of On the Road by Jack Kerouac,followed 12 years later with the screening of Denis Hopper’s Easy Rider, the road novel and road movie constitute, we argue, two sides of what we call the road narrative. Faced with a lack of comprehensive studies embracing both sides concurrently, and with recurrent amalgams, we reflect on the components differentiating the road novel and road movie from other types of wandering stories. Such a project calls for the construction of an intermedial apparatus, enabling us to jointly encompass artworks belonging to different media formats. Consequently, we build on the concept of the chronotope, as developed by Bakhtin as a tool for literarycriticism, and recently extended by scholars to cinematographic objects. We show how road novels and roadmovies emerge from the combination of two fundamental chronotopes: that of the road, exemplified by a postmodern universe dominated by motor vehicles and non-places, and that of the threshold, understood as the expression of a critical turn in one’s life. The noted presence of a parodic dimension in road narrativescalls for the introduction of an additional bakhtinian concept: the carnivalesque, which, as we show, can be articulated in relation to the previously defined road and threshold chronotopes. For this chronotopical analysis, we selected artworks from the American, Quebecois and German repertoires, a choice justified by the numerous potential connections to be established between those three different cultures
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Lackan, Ivana. "A Woman's Territory: Female Protagonists in 21st Century Road Movie–Based Fairy Tale Films." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34279.
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This paper closely examines fairy tale films with road movie components, in particular those films featuring female protagonists. The study’s objective is twofold: first, to further develop existing research on the road movie by exploring one of the lesser known constituents of this broad genre and, second, to address gaps in scholarly literature on road movies when it comes to themes in female-led trips and the characterization of travelling females.
Through a detailed analysis of the journeys of female characters in recent voyage-oriented fairy tale films—Peter Pan (P.J. Hogan, 2003), Alice in Wonderland (Tim Burton, 2010) and Tangled (Byron Howard and Nathan Greno, 2010)—the investigation shows that these new heroines significantly differ from those of old. Their travels are portrayed as being less difficult, and the traits that they exhibit while on the road, namely fearlessness, rationality and an undying optimism, are rather favourable when compared to those exhibited by former road heroines.
Although these protagonists still face characters who wish to impede their movement away from a domestic setting, it is demonstrated that the protagonists are ultimately successful in not only acquiring power in the surroundings that they find themselves in, but also in carrying over their goals and dreams to their own worlds upon their return, privileges that most former road heroines did not have. Ultimately, the study shows that females can be as efficient travellers as males, and in some cases are portrayed as even more competent than their male counterparts.
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Hernández, Rejón Mónica. "Like Sámis do : A postcolonial and intersectional analysis of the contemporary film representations and self-representations of the Sámi people." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Filmvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-131499.
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The film representation of the Sámi people has evolved during the last century from the ethnographic portrayals that reproduce a romantic stereotype of the good savages, to feature and documentary films that discuss the Sámi identity and its colonial history. In recent years a new generation of Sámi and Swedish documentary directors have focused their work on analysing the impact that multiple structures of power actually have in the production of the Sámi identity and culture. In this research I explore the intersections of such structures in the documentary road movies Sámi Daughter Yoik (2007) by the Sámi-Swedish director Liselotte Wajstedt, and The Only Image of My Father (2004) by the Swedish director Kine Boman. The main purpose of the research is to examine the discussions of identity that these films propose and to analyse the strategies with which the directors question the simplistic representation of the Sámi people. Based on the postcolonial and intersectional perspectives, the text offers a critique of the discourses of authenticity that confine the Sámi identity into the frame of ethnicity. The study gives special attention to the different layers that the directors' identities involve and their role in the construction of alternative representations of the Sámi people. A relevant finding is that the directors have succeeded in representing the Sámi people as complex and heterogeneous, helped by their choices on genre, authorship and their own approach to identity as a performative, multidimensional and dynamic process.
Books on the topic ""Road movies""
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Orgeron, Devin. Road Movies. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230610217.
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John, Adams. Road movies: For violin and piano. [United States]: Hendon Music, 1998.
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Jürgen, Menningen, and Schulz Berndt, eds. Road movies: Action-Kino der Maschinen und Motoren. Hamburg: Rasch und Röhring, 1985.
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Steven, Cohan, and Hark Ina Rae, eds. The road movie book. London: Routledge, 1997.
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Orgeron, Devin. Road movies: From Muybridge and Méliès to Lynch and Kiarostami. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.
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Printing, London College of. BA Film and Video thesis 1989: Romantic characters in Wim Wenders' road movies. London: LCP, 1989.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic ""Road movies""
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Richardson, Niall, and Frances Smith. "Road Movies." In Trans Representations in Contemporary, Popular Cinema, 65–89. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003039426-4.
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Orgeron, Devin. "Introduction Road Work Ahead." In Road Movies, 1–12. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230610217_1.
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Orgeron, Devin. "Early Cinema and the Mobilization of Narrative." In Road Movies, 13–46. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230610217_2.
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Orgeron, Devin. "Highways and Trails." In Road Movies, 47–73. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230610217_3.
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Orgeron, Devin. "Jean-Luc Godard’s Breathless and the Road to the Road Movie." In Road Movies, 75–100. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230610217_4.
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Orgeron, Devin. "Misreading America in Dennis Hopper’s Easy Rider." In Road Movies, 101–27. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230610217_5.
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Orgeron, Devin. "Kings of the Road." In Road Movies, 129–54. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230610217_6.
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Orgeron, Devin. "Roads and Movies as Another Century Turns." In Road Movies, 155–81. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230610217_7.
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Orgeron, Devin. "Epilogue New Directions and Intersections." In Road Movies, 183–99. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230610217_8.
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Harlow, Daniel. "Rubber, meet road." In Making Movies Without Losing Money, 47–50. London; New York: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429352157-13.
Full textConference papers on the topic ""Road movies""
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Nagayama, Tomonori, Akira Miyajima, Shunya Kimura, Yuuki Shimada, and Yozo Fujino. "Road condition evaluation using the vibration response of ordinary vehicles and synchronously recorded movies." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Jerome P. Lynch, Chung-Bang Yun, and Kon-Well Wang. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2010074.
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Delgado, Laura. "The Commercialization of Space in Science Fiction Movies: The Key to Sustainability or the Road to a Capitalist Dystopia?" In AIAA SPACE 2010 Conference & Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2010-8654.
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Young, Aaron, Jay Taves, Asher Elmquist, Radu Serban, Dan Negrut, Simone Benatti, and Alessandro Tasora. "Enabling Artificial Intelligence Studies in Off-Road Mobility Through Physics-Based Simulation of Multi-Agent Scenarios." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-67070.
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Abstract We describe a simulation environment that enables the development and testing of control policies for off-road mobility of autonomous agents. The environment is demonstrated in conjunction with the design and assessment of a reinforcement learning policy that uses sensor fusion and inter-agent communication to enable the movement of mixed convoys of human-driven and autonomous vehicles. Policies are learned on rigid terrain and are subsequently shown to transfer successfully to hard (silt-like) and soft (snow-like) deformable terrains. The enabling simulation environment is developed from the high fidelity, physics-based simulation engine Chrono. Five Chrono modules are employed herein: Chrono::Engine, Chrono::Vehicle, PyChrono, SynChrono and Chrono::Sensor. Vehicle’s are modeled using Chrono::Engine and Chrono::Vehicle and deployed on deformable terrain within the training/testing environment. Utilizing the Python interface to the C++ Chrono API called PyChrono and OpenAI Gym’s supporting infrastructure, training is conducted in a GymChrono learning environment. The GymChrono-generated policy is subsequently deployed for testing in SynChrono, a scalable, cluster-deployable multi-agent testing infrastructure built on MPI. SynChrono facilitates inter-agent communication and maintains time and space coherence between agents. A sensor modeling tool, Chrono::Sensor, supplies sensing data that is used to inform agents during the learning and inference processes. The software stack and the Chrono simulator are both open source. Relevant movies: [1].
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Sreelakshmi, P., K. Rithu, M. B. Vaikash, and K. R. Anilkumar. "Solar Roadways for Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicles." In 2nd International Conference on Modern Trends in Engineering Technology and Management. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.160.38.
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Since the most feasible mode of transportation is road transportation, it has significantly increased during the past few years. So, there is a rapid increase in energy consumption and oil dominates among the various energies. But due to the huge carbon emission, it contributes to air pollution and climate change. Due to the higher energy efficiency and less carbon emission, electricity is more preferred but there are limitations for this too. By shifting from conventional to electric vehicles, carbon emissions in the transportation sector can be reduced. Solar energy is the most widely used renewable energy source, and it can be used to produce electricity, power electric vehicles, and provide power for electric infrastructure. Consequently, using solar energy to power roads is a viable strategy for sustainable transportation. This solar powered road will charge the electric vehicle by a mechanism such that when the vehicle moves over the road, it will automatically charge. The solar panels will charge the battery, and this is inverted to the wireless coils mounted inside the roads which are the transmitter coils. It actually has two parts - transmitter part and receiver part. The transmitter part is the coils mounted inside the roads and the receiver coils are placed under the vehicle. Once the vehicle starts moving over the road, it will charge automatically.
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Krab Thorup, Kresten. "Erlang, The Road Movie." In SPLASH '11: Conference on Systems, Programming, and Applications: Software for Humanity. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2048147.2180762.
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Aleksić, Borivoje, Marija Živadinović, and Lazar Savković. "ANALYSIS OF THE OBTAINED RESULTS OF SIGHT DISTANCE FOR SAFE OVERTAKING ON ROAD 22 FROM MATARUŠKA BANJA - UŠĆE BY APPLICATION OF TWO METHODOLOGICAL PROCEDURES." In Conference Road Safety in Local Community. Road Safety in Local Community, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/rsaflc24.039a.
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When an overtaking manoeuvre is performed on two-lane roads for two-lane two-way traffic, the risk of road crashes is increased, because drivers are put in the situation of moving in a traffic lane intended for the movement of vehicles in the opposite direction. Sight distance for safe overtaking along roads for two-way traffic is a very important segment in the process of traffic designing along the road, performing works marking horizontal marks, and installing vertical signage in the function of safe overtaking along the road, in Road Safety Inspection (RSI), as and in the process of defining the level of regular maintenance service in the road zone. On October 18, 2023, the Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering of the University of Belgrade held an expert discussion "Analysis of Sight Distance on Existing Roads". The expert discussion aimed to familiarize the general professional public with two methodological procedures for analysing sight distance on existing roads and, on the example of national road number 22, section Mataruška Banja - Ušće (section 02225), length L = 39,053 km, show the results obtained by applying the presented methodological sight distance analysis procedures. In this paper, the obtained results of the sight distance analysis for safe overtaking along the mentioned existing section of the national road for both exposed methodological procedures are presented, and differences in the results obtained by the application of the exposed methodological procedures. Also, for both methodological procedures, an analysis of the compliance of the obtained results for the subject section with the valid Rulebook on Traffic Signage was performed.
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Popov, D. A., A. M. Kadirmetov, D. Yu Gurin, and I. V. Terekhina. "ON THE QUESTION OF THE INFLUENCE OF ENGINE RUNNING ON THE PERIOD OF ENGINE OIL CHANGE." In Innovative technologies in road transport. Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, Voronezh, Russia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/itrt2021_89-91.
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The relationship between the engine operating time when a car is moving at the same distance along a city street with different traffic loads and on a highway is given. On the basis of experimental studies, a justification is given for the need to adjust the oil change frequency depending on the engine operating time.
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Bhowmick, Alok, and Sanjay Jain. "Challenges in Design & Construction of Elevated Grade Separators with Wide Deck & Single Central Pier, in urban areas." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0219.
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<p>India’s transport sector is large and diverse; it caters to the needs of 1.25 billion people. Roads are the dominant mode of transportation in India today. They carry almost 90 percent of the country’s passenger traffic and 65 percent of its freight. Cognizant of the need to create an adequate road network to cater to the increased traffic and movement of goods, Government of India has recently allotted Rs 640 billion (US$ 9.55 billion) to National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) for roads and highways and Rs 270 billion (US$ 4.03 billion) for rural roads under PMGSY scheme (as on 20th April 2017). One of the impediment in the fast progress of road infrastructure is acquisition of land & related regulatory hurdles. Completion of as many as 112 projects of NHAI is delayed on account of such factors. There is a restriction of the available width and to spread the road horizontally. Therefore, present trend in urban areas is to go for elevated grade separators, wherein both surface level as well as elevated road can be fully utilised for traffic movement. By avoiding costly land acquisition, it results in reduction in cost of the project and certainly segregate local and fast moving traffic, thereby further increasing speed of movement. Design and Construction of such elevated corridors however poses many challenges to structural engineers. Restricted work space during construction adds to the challenge and brings out many innovative solutions to the problems. This paper discusses case studies of number of such projects for which the authors are presently associated in design and construction planning. These projects are in various stages of construction.</p>
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Patel, Parth Y., Gemunu Happawana, Vladimir V. Vantsevich, David Boger, and Chris Harned. "Morphing Capabilities and Safe Operation Zone of the Utility Truck Boom Equipment." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24283.
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Abstract Utility trucks are the first responders in extreme climate and severe weather situations, for saving people’s lives to restoring traffic on the roads. However, such trucks can create dangerous situations on the roads, and off-road conditions, while moving, and performing tasks. Trucks equipped with large booms for reaching elevated heights can become unstable due to their geometry change, which can cause a drastic variation of the truck-boom system’s moment of inertia, and the extreme weight re-distribution among the wheels. Morphing capabilities of the utility trucks need to be investigated together with the vehicle-road forces in order to hold the vehicle safe on the roads. In this research paper, static analysis and range of the normal reaction at the wheel of the utility truck is performed to characterize a safe working zone of the boom equipment when the truck is in the flat and titled surface. The analysis is performed for 5-degree of freedom boom equipment with revolute and translational joints in a complex constrained space given by the truck design using 3D moment and force-vector analysis. The possible morphing configuration of the boom equipment is examined in order to define static normal reactions at the wheel-road interaction. Further, the morphing of the boom equipment is investigated to determine limiting configurations that can be reached without rolling over the truck. In this analysis, it is assumed that the wheels provide enough friction between the tires and road so that tire slippage does not extensively occur, and the utility truck is assumed as a rigid body. In this study, utility truck equipped with boom equipment is utilized in this study for numerical illustration.
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Tyrer, J. "An automated system for determining the number of occupants within moving road vehicles." In IET Conference on Road Pricing 2008. IET, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2008.0714.
Full textReports on the topic ""Road movies""
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Shoop, Sally, Wendy Wieder, and Terry Melendy. McMurdo Snow Roads and Transportation : final program summary. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45200.
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The snow roads at McMurdo Station, Antarctica, are the primary transportation corridors for moving personnel and material to and from the airfields servicing intra- and intercontinental air traffic. The majority of the road system is made of snow overlying a snow, firn, and icy subsurface and is particularly susceptible to deterioration during the warmest parts of the austral summer when above-freezing temperatures can occur for several days at a time. Poor snow-road conditions can seriously limit payloads for all types of ground vehicles. The US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) studied the McMurdo snow roads for the National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs as part of the Snow Roads and Transportation (SRT) program. The goals of the SRT program was to improve construction, maintenance, and use of the McMurdo’s snow roads, with particular attention on minimizing warm-season deterioration. This is the final report of the SRT program, summarizing the program’s activities and findings and emphasizing those parts of the program not previously documented in CRREL Reports, conference papers, or journal articles.
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Cuerden, Richard, Mary Williams, Jeanne Breen, Dan Campsal, Suzy Charman, David G. Davies, Nick Reed, and Sarah Simpson. Safe Roads for All. TRL, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.58446/ohss3066.
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It calls on UK Government to publish, with urgency, a Safe and Healthy Mobility Strategy and Action Plan for roads and civic spaces across the UK that is based on Safe System solutions; and for Government to place this strategy and action plan at the heart of its transport policy decisions to save people and the planet. This report proposes goals, work areas, and priority actions for the strategy and action plan. Safe and healthy mobility means we get around on roads and around our civic spaces (the spaces between our buildings) in ways that: prevent death and serious injury from road crashes; prevent death and illness from air pollution and inactivity; and achieve decarbonisation to tackle the climate crisis. We enable people to move around in active ways (walking, cycling) and we enable the safe, clean, and green use of vehicles too; to move our goods, deliver services, or move people, including by public transport.
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Konstantinou, Theodora, Diala Haddad, Akhil Prasad, Ethan Wright, Konstantina Gkritza, Dionysios Aliprantis, Steven Pekarek, and John E. Haddock. Feasibility Study and Design of In-Road Electric Vehicle Charging Technologies. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317353.
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Electric Roadways (ERs) or Dynamic Wireless Charging (DWC) lanes offer an alternative dynamic and wireless charging method that has the potential of giving electric vehicles (EV) limitless range while they are moving. Heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) are expected to be early adopters of the DWC technology due to the higher benefits offered to these vehicles that are traveling on fixed routes. The goal of this project was to assess the feasibility of ERs in Indiana and design a test bed for in-road EV charging technologies. The most suitable locations for implementing DWC lanes were identified on interstates that are characterized by high truck traffic. Using I-65 S as a case study, it was found that DWC can be economically feasible for the developer and competitive for the EV owner at high and medium future projections of EV market penetration levels. However, the existing substations are unlikely to serve future DWC needs for HDVs. Thus, consideration should be given to substation expansion to support EVs as market penetration expands. Implementing the DWC technology on interstates and jointly with major pavement preservation activities is recommended. Large scale deployment can significantly reduce the high initial investment. Renewable energy resources (solar and wind) deployed in the vicinity of ERs can reduce the electricity costs and associated greenhouse gas emissions.
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Mesquita Moreira, Mauricio. Fear of China: Is there a Future for Manufacturing in Latin America? Inter-American Development Bank, April 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008603.
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China¿s emergence has raised pointed questions about the future of manufacturing in Latin America. This paper looks at this challenge and its implications. It begins by asking: Does manufacturing still matter for Latin America? It argues that the region cannot afford to turn its back to a well-proven road to development. It then moves on to show that endowments, productivity, scale and the government¿s role, all work together to make China a formidable competitor. The importance of this challenge is confirmed by an analysis of the trade data, which suggests a small impact so far, but a disquieting trend.
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Pinto, Ana María, Claudia Díaz, Edgard Zamora, Eduardo Café, Marisela Ponce de León, Martín Sosa, and René Cortés, eds. Road safety in Latin America and the Caribbean: after a decade of action prospects for safer mobility. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004843.
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The first Decade of Action for Road Safety has ended, but not without demonstrating the importance that systemic work on road safety offers towards protecting life. At the same time, it is clear that real progress in road safety requires a significant commitment of time, resources and political effort. In the Latin American and Caribbean region (LAC), over the past ten years, the growth in the rate of vehicle deaths has slowed. Unfortunately, in the last two years this trend has reversed due to the expansion of the motorcycle fleet in the region. Although it has been possible to raise awareness, create institutions, plan and implement important actions to reduce fatalities, LAC has not obtained the same results as high-income countries, which have entirely reversed the trend in road deaths. In accordance with the above, it is possible to conceive of a second decade of action as an opportunity for LAC countries to finalize the processes initiated over the past decade and to introduce successful lessons experiences from other countries in the region. With this study, the IDB intends to guide this process of continuous improvement, highlighting the best practices and offering an overview of how to move from theory to practice, following the principles that mobility must be safe, sustainable and inclusive, while reducing the risk to all road users, especially the most vulnerable, and maintain the focus on users with special needs (people with disabilities, children and the elderly).
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Beiker, Sven. Unsettled Issues Regarding Communication of Automated Vehicles with Other Road Users. SAE International, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2020023.
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The focus of this SAE EDGE™ Research Report is to address a topic overlooked by many who choose to view automated driving systems and AVs from a “10,000-foot” perspective: how automated vehicles (AVs) will actually communicate with other road users. Conventional (human-driven) vehicles, bicyclists, and pedestrians already have a functioning system of understating each other while on the move. Adding automated vehicles to the mix requires assessing the spectrum of existing modes of communication – both implicit and explicit, biological and technological, and how they will interact with each other in the real world. The impending deployment of AVs represents a major shift in the traditional approach to ground transportation; its effects will inevitably be felt by parties directly involved with the vehicle manufacturing and use and those that play roles in the mobility ecosystem (e.g., aftermarket and maintenance industries, infrastructure and planning organizations, automotive insurance providers, marketers, telecommunication companies). Unsettled Issues Regarding Communication of Automated Vehicles with Other Road Users brings together the multiple scenarios we are likely to see in a future not too far away and how they are likely to play out in practical ways.
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Wang, Karen May. Optimization of Geometric Perturbations on a Rod Moving Through a High Explosive Target. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1633518.
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Rahai, Hamid, and Assma Begum. Numerical Investigations of Transient Wind Shear from Passing Vehicles Near a Road Structure (Part I: Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Simulations). Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1933.
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In this research, the authors performed unsteady numerical simulations of a moving Ahmed body under a freeway overpass at different distances from the bridge columns in order to evaluate transient wind shear and the wind load on these columns. Results have shown that when the vehicle is at 0.75W distance from the bridge columns, an unsteady wind speed of up to 24 m/s is observed at the columns with a pressure coefficient difference of 0.9. Here W is the width of the vehicle. These results indicate with an appropriate system for harnessing these wind energy potentials, significant renewable electric power could be generated with zero carbon footprint.
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Rojas, Eduardo. The Long Road to Housing Reform: Lessons from the Chilean Experience. Inter-American Development Bank, July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008522.
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Chile's housing policy is widely regarded as a success. For almost a decade, new construction has been above the level required to provide houses for new families and replace obsolete structures. This raises hopes that within the next decade all families in Chile will occupy dwellings that comply with minimum quality and service standards. This is no small accomplishment for a country just entering the middle ground in the development scale. Moreover, the private sector is taking an increasingly active role in housing production and financing. This too is a significant achievement considering that in the 1970s most housing was built and financed by the government. Further, government assistance is effectively reaching the poor, and most public resources are benefiting low-income households. Confidence in the housing policy is high among the low-income population as expressed in their high level of participation in a housing savings program and by the absence of land invasions. These accomplishments are the result of a long maturation process in the Chilean housing sector. Fifty years of government policy have consolidated the legal, institutional, and entrepreneurial foundations of the current housing production and financing system. Several success factors can be identified: an integrated sector approach (which incorporates the housing needs of all income groups); an efficient subsidy system (the result of a long process of experimentation); and reforms of the general banking system and the social security system (which created strong institutions to intermediate the financial resources accumulated by pension funds and life insurance companies). Even with its accomplishments, Chile's housing sector still faces significant challenges. Improvements are needed to more effectively mobilize the resources devoted to housing. The lack of coordination between housing and urban development policies is becoming a major liability for both efficient housing production and equitable urban growth. Direct government involvement in house construction and home financing enforce uniformity in design and repayment schedules failing to fully meet the diversified demand of the target households and to fully mobilize the repayment capacity of beneficiaries. It is suggested that it may be time for housing policy to move beyond this basic approach introducing more flexibility through greater market participation in low-income housing.
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Vázques, Daniel, Alejandro Ramos Martínez, Romina Gayá, Ziga Vodusek, Jaime Granados, and Carolina Mary Rojas Hayes. Central American Report No. 3 (2004-2006). Inter-American Development Bank, May 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008592.
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In 2004-2006, Central America made significant efforts to complete its free trade area (FTA), further itsCustoms Union (CU) and launch the Central America-Dominican Republic-United States Free TradeAgreement (DR-CAFTA). There have been several breakthroughs on the road to economic union, but theprocess is still only at the halfway stage. The subregion¿s political forces are in agreement over the needto intensify the integration dynamic and move it forward. Yet, in the course of this work, significantlimitations have emerged.