Relevant bibliographies by topics / Road safety – Sub-Saharan Africa

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
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  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Road safety – Sub-Saharan Africa'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Road safety – Sub-Saharan Africa"

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Odonkor, Stephen T., Hugues Mitsotsou-Makanga, and Emmanuel Nene Dei. "Road Safety Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Ghana." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (September 10, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7047189.

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The importance of road safety in the developmental agenda of a country cannot be overemphasized. It is essential for effective socioeconomic development. However, several countries in the developing world are confronted by several challenges relating to road safety, which are inadequately investigated. These challenges further aggravate the already heavily burdened health-care systems. The aim of this study is, therefore, to determine and analyse road safety issues in Ghana aimed at contributing to national policy development, stakeholder engagements, and public safety education campaigns on road traffic collision. A qualitative study by one-on-one interviews with individuals (n = 97) in road safety leadership positions was performed from November 2018 to February 2019. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Data analysis was conducted using a constant comparative methodology approach facilitated by Atlas.ti 8.0 software. Important road safety challenges that were identified by the respondents were categorized into six thematic areas, namely, institutional, executional, managerial and operational, attitudinal and behavioural, research, and financial and investment challenges. We recommend that the government and stakeholders alike should tackle these challenges by building a collaborative environment where everyone is involved in the process of developing and implementing strategies aimed at overcoming these challenges as they arise. There is also the need to address the epidemic carnage of road traffic injuries, many of which are preventable since they arise from human actions and inactions.
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Bello, J., A. Nasir, B. Solagberu, C. Ofoegbu, and L. Abdur-Rahman. "Motorcycle transport: a threat to road safety in a community in Sub-Saharan Africa." Injury Prevention 18, Suppl 1 (October 2012): A191.2—A191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040590s.6.

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Ribbens, Hubrecht. "Strategies to Promote the Safety of Vulnerable Road Users in Developing and Emerging Countries: South African Experience." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1846, no. 1 (January 2003): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1846-05.

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Road casualties are discussed from a worldwide perspective. More than 80% of annual traffic casualties occur in developing and emerging countries in Asia, Latin America, the Caribbean, sub-Saharan Africa, and the Middle East. Vulnerable road users such as pedestrians and bicyclists are a major road safety problem in these countries. In Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, and the Middle East, more than 40% of annual road fatalities involve pedestrians compared with less than 20% in Europe and the United States. The focus of this study is South Africa’s strategy to promote the safety of vulnerable road users. The extent of casualties among vulnerable road users and contributing factors are highlighted. Over the last decade, pedestrian fatalities have gradually and steadily declined in South Africa. This study describes the various policies, strategies, and action plans developed and implemented by different government levels in South Africa to promote road traffic safety, particularly the safety of vulnerable road users such as pedestrians and bicyclists. Barriers to successful implementation are also pointed out. Apart from applying a holistic approach by involving all relevant disciplines, a coordinated and sustained effort of all government levels was encouraged. Joint-venture funding projects among different government levels was emphasized to improve hazardous pedestrian locations. The role of the private sector in South Africa to promote pedestrian safety is also discussed. Practical guidelines are presented for developing and emerging countries to promote the safety of vulnerable road users.
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Nyende-Byakika, Stephen. "Occupational safety and health issues on road construction sites in sub-Saharan Africa: A case study from Uganda." African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development 8, no. 3 (June 30, 2016): 256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20421338.2016.1156838.

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Vissoci, João Ricardo N., Daniel J. Shogilev, Elizabeth Krebs, Luciano de Andrade, Igor Fiorese Vieira, Nicole Toomey, Adelia Portero Batilana, Michael Haglund, and Catherine A. Staton. "Road traffic injury in sub-Saharan African countries: A systematic review and summary of observational studies." Traffic Injury Prevention 18, no. 7 (July 5, 2017): 767–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2017.1314470.

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Li, Qingfeng, Olakunle Alonge, and Adnan A. Hyder. "Children and road traffic injuries: can't the world do better?" Archives of Disease in Childhood 101, no. 11 (August 19, 2016): 1063–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-309586.

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Road traffic injuries (RTI) impose a substantial health burden among children. Globally, 186 300 children (under 18 years) die from RTI each year. It is the fourth leading cause of death among children aged 5–9 years, third among children aged 10–14 years and first among children aged 15–17 years. At the regional level, sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 35.2% of global child deaths caused by RTI; that number is still increasing. Male children are about two times more likely to die due to RTI than female children. RTI are also related to socioeconomic inequalities; low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) account for 95% of global child RTI deaths, and children from poor households are more likely to fall victims to RTI. Intervention strategies promoted in the five pillars of the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011–2020 are available to prevent mortality and morbidity caused by RTI, though validation and implementation of such interventions are urgently needed in the LMIC. Through concerted efforts to cultivate strong political will, build action and advocacy capacity, increase global funding and enhance multisectoral collaboration promoted by the Sustainable Development Goals, the world is challenged to do better in saving children from RTI.
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Sospeter, Nyamagere Gladys, and Nicholas Chileshe. "Risk Handling Responsibilities in Tanzanian Project-Based Organisations." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 20, 2021): 8078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13148078.

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Risk handling is one of the elements and essential parts of risk management when properly incorporated into a project. However, there is inadequate knowledge amongst the contractual parties on risk handling responsibilities in road projects, particularly in Sub-Saharan African developing countries. This study is aimed at bridging that knowledge gap by investigating the perceptions of contractors and consultants on the risk handling responsibilities in road projects in Tanzania. The primary data were collected from 80 registered foreign and local civil contractors and engineering consultants based in Dar es Salaam. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for the data analysis. The results show that both contractors and consultants ranked safety project provision and ensuring quality provision in terms of construction as shared risk responsibilities among contractual parties. The findings further show that consultant-related risk responsibilities are: safety provision, the use of historical cost deviation, ensuring quality provision, and review of knowledge on budgeting. On the other hand, contractor-related risk responsibilities include: safety provision and ensuring quality provision. The findings of this study can be used by the practitioners and stakeholders as important lessons useful for controlling risks and making decisions when they intend to participate in such projects during the construction stage.
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Chokotho, Linda, Wakisa Mulwafu, Isaac Singini, Yasin Njalale, Limbika Maliwichi-Senganimalunje, and Kathryn H. Jacobsen. "First Responders and Prehospital Care for Road Traffic Injuries in Malawi." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 32, no. 1 (December 7, 2016): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x16001175.

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AbstractIntroductionRoad traffic collisions are a common cause of injuries and injury-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Basic prehospital care can be the difference between life and death for injured drivers, passengers, and pedestrians.ProblemThis study examined the challenges associated with current first response practices in Malawi.MethodsIn April 2014, focus groups were conducted in two areas of Malawi: Karonga (in the Northern Region) and Blantyre (in the Southern Region; both are along the M1 highway), and a qualitative synthesis approach was used to identify themes. All governmental and nongovernmental first response organizations identified by key informants were contacted, and a checklist was used to identify the services they offer.ResultsAccess to professional prehospital care in Malawi is almost nonexistent, aside from a few city fire departments and private ambulance services. Rapid transportation to a hospital is usually the primary goal of roadside care because of limited first aid knowledge and a lack of access to basic safety equipment. The key informants recommended: expanding community-based first aid training; emphasizing umunthu (shared humanity) to inspire bystander involvement in roadside care; empowering local leaders to coordinate on-site responses; improving emergency communication systems; equipping traffic police with road safety gear; and expanding access to ambulance services.ConclusionPrehospital care in Malawi would be improved by the creation of a formal network of community leaders, police, commercial drivers, and other lay volunteers who are trained in basic first aid and are equipped to respond to crash sites to provide roadside care to trauma patients and prepare them for safe transport to hospitals.ChokothoL, MulwafuW, SinginiI, NjalaleY, Maliwichi-SenganimalunjeL, JacobsenKH. First responders and prehospital care for road traffic injuries in Malawi. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(1):14–19.
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Koopman, Jan Pieter, Moses Egesa, Anne Wajja, Moses Adriko, Jacent Nassuuna, Gyaviira Nkurunungi, Emmanuella Driciru, et al. "Risk assessment for the implementation of controlled human Schistosoma mansoni infection trials in Uganda." AAS Open Research 2 (June 3, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.12972.1.

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Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infection highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, and a significant cause of morbidity; it is a priority for vaccine development. A controlled human infection model for Schistosoma mansoni (CHI-S) with potential to accelerate vaccine development has been developed among naïve volunteers in the Netherlands. Because responses both to infections and candidate vaccines are likely to differ between endemic and non-endemic settings, we propose to establish a CHI-S in Uganda where Schistosoma mansoni is endemic. As part of a “road-map” to this goal, we have undertaken a risk assessment. We identified risks related to importing of laboratory vector snails and schistosome strains from the Netherlands to Uganda; exposure to natural infection in endemic settings concurrently with CHI-S studies, and unfamiliarity of the community with the nature, risks and rationale for CHI. Mitigating strategies are proposed. With careful implementation of the latter, we believe that CHI-S can be implemented safely in Uganda. Our reflections are presented here to promote feedback and discussion.
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Koopman, Jan Pieter, Moses Egesa, Anne Wajja, Moses Adriko, Jacent Nassuuna, Gyaviira Nkurunungi, Emmanuella Driciru, et al. "Risk assessment for the implementation of controlled human Schistosoma mansoni infection trials in Uganda." AAS Open Research 2 (August 13, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.12972.2.

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Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infection highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, and a significant cause of morbidity; it is a priority for vaccine development. A controlled human infection model for Schistosoma mansoni (CHI-S) with potential to accelerate vaccine development has been developed among naïve volunteers in the Netherlands. Because responses both to infections and candidate vaccines are likely to differ between endemic and non-endemic settings, we propose to establish a CHI-S in Uganda where Schistosoma mansoni is endemic. As part of a “road-map” to this goal, we have undertaken a risk assessment. We identified risks related to importing of laboratory vector snails and schistosome strains from the Netherlands to Uganda; exposure to natural infection in endemic settings concurrently with CHI-S studies, and unfamiliarity of the community with the nature, risks and rationale for CHI. Mitigating strategies are proposed. With careful implementation of the latter, we believe that CHI-S can be implemented safely in Uganda. Our reflections are presented here to promote feedback and discussion.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Road safety – Sub-Saharan Africa"

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Zeeman, Adriaan Siebrits. "Towards understanding and improving the safety of informal public transport in Sub-Saharan Africa : a real-time sensing and reporting system for minibus taxis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85624.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Developed countries have led the way in the implementation of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), with the main objectives of improving road safety and efficiency. Current ITS solutions are heavily dependent on advanced and expensive technologies, and do not necessarily meet the unique requirements of public transportation in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The informal minibus taxi sector dominates public transport in SSA in general, and in South Africa in particular, and is notoriously dangerous – leading to many fatalities annually. This work presents the design and testing of a sensing and reporting system for public transport in SSA. The system contributes to improving the safety and efficiency of minibus taxis in SSA. The system provides three core functions, namely, reckless driving detection, multiple occupancy detection, and wireless reporting to a visualised online platform. The reckless driving detection system implements a novel model that augments inertial vehicle acceleration data with GPS speed information. The model is based on standards used in road design, and takes into account the relationship between a vehicle’s tyres and the road surface. A lateral acceleration threshold, which is speed dependant, and a longitudinal acceleration threshold are suggested to detect reckless driving. Acceleration data is filtered to remove both high-frequency noise and zero-frequency offset, and compared to the thresholds to detect reckless driving events. The occupancy detection system detects multiple occupants in the minibus taxi using low-cost capacitive sensor electrodes, which utilise the electrical field properties of a human body for presence detection. A simplified mathematical model was created to calculate the expected capacitance on the occupancy sensor electrode, and was compared to the measured capacitance in the minibus taxi. The theoretical and empirical results demonstrate that the capacitance of an occupied seat is more than double that of an unoccupied seat. Occupants were clearly detected in various scenarios, such as different occupant sizes, water on seat, various seated positions on the sensor, etc. The wireless reporting inside the vehicle is implemented using a ZigBee network on an Arduino platform. The extra-vehicle wireless reporting uses the existing SSA cellular network, and the online data visualisation is implemented on Trinity Telecoms’ SMART platform. The complete sensing and reporting system is implemented as a prototype, and tested in South African and Ugandan minibus taxis. The results demonstrate that the system achieves the set goals, and could be used to make transport in SSA safer and more efficient.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ontwikkelde lande neem die voortou met die implementering van Intelligente Vervoer Stelsels (IVS) met die hoof doelwit om padveiligheid en vervoerstelsels se effektiwiteit te verbeter. Huidige stelsels wat ontwikkel is vir IVS is baie afhanklik van duur en gevorderde tegnologieë en bevredig dus nie die huidige vereistes binne die openbare vervoer stelsel van Sub-Sahara Afrika (SSA) nie. Die minibus taxi sektor domineer die openbare vervoer stelsel in SSA en meer spesifiek in Suid-Afrika, en daar is jaarliks duisende ongelukke waarvan baie tot sterftes lei. In hierdie werkstuk word daar ’n stelsel voorgestel wat minibus taxi’s in SSA kan monitor. Die doel van die stelsel is om die openbare vervoerstelsel se effektiwiteit en padveiligheid te verbeter. Die stelsel bestaan uit: roekelose bestuur opsporing, veelvoudigepassasier waarneming (monitor van aantal passasiers in voertuig) en network verslagdoening na ’n aanlyn platform. ’n Nuwe model is ontwikkel om roekelose bestuur op te spoor – deur die voertuig se versnelling en spoed te kombineer in berekenings. Die model se berekenings is ook gebasseer op die verwantskap tussen die voertuig se bande en die padoppervlak. Roekelose bestuur word bespeur deur ’n laterale en longitudinale drempel wat spoed afhanklik is. Versnellingsdata word gefilter om hoë-frekwensie geraas en nul-frekwensie afwykings te verwyder. Gefilterde data word dan met die gepaste drempel vergelyk om te bepaal of die bestuurder ’n roekelose beweging uitgevoer het. Die veelvoudige-passasier waarnemingstelsel is getoets in ’n minibus taxi en bestaan uit ’n lae-koste kapasitiewe sensor stelsel. Die stelsel meet ’n passasier se liggaamlike elektriese lading. ’n Wiskundige uitrukking van die kapasitiewe sensor stelsel is bepaal wat ’n teoretiese kapasitansie waarde gee. Dié waarde is met die gemete kapasitansie op die sensor elektrode vergelyk. Die resultate bevestig dat die ontwikkelde stelsels duidelik ’n sittende passasier kan identifiseer. Verskeie toetse is gedoen om te verseker dat die kapasitiewe stelsel gepas is vir die heterogene minibus taxi omgewing. Draadlose verslagdoening word binne die voertuig uitgevoer met behulp van ’n ZigBee netwerk wat geïmplementeer is op ’n Arduino platform. Die buite-voertuig verslagdoening stelsel gebruik bestaande sellulêre kommunikasie netwerke en die inligting word dan op Trinity Telecoms’ SMART platform visueel vertoon. Die volledige ontwikkelde stelsel is as ’n prototipe geïmplementeer en getoets in Suid-Afrikaanse en Ugandese minibus taxi’s. Die resultate toon aan dat die stelsel die doelwitte bereik en dat dit gebruik kan word om die vervoer stelsel in Suid Afrika veiliger en meer doeltreffend te maak.
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Ralaidovy, Ambinintsoa Haritiana. "Efficiency in health ressource allocation : three empirical studies in Eastern Sub-Sahara Africa and Southeast Asia." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne‎ (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAD016.

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La définition des priorités en matière de santé, dans le contexte de la couverture sanitaire universelle, met l'accent sur trois valeurs : améliorer la santé de la population, garantir l'égalité d'accès aux services et la qualité de ceux-ci et éviter l'appauvrissement des usagers ou la sous-utilisation des services par ceux-ci en raison de dépenses non remboursables. L’efficience allocative peut être mesurée par rapport à l'une quelconque de ces valeurs, ou par rapport à l'ensemble, par différentes variantes de l'analyse coût-efficacité. Dans cette thèse, nous utilisons la « Generalized Cost-Effectiveness Analysis », une approche normalisée développée par le programme « Choosing Interventions that are Cost-Effective » de l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé, (WHO-CHOICE), qui peut être appliquée à toutes les interventions dans différents contextes. En utilisant cette approche, notre travail de thèse fournit une estimation quantitative de l'efficience allocative des ressources pour trois groupes de problèmes de santé : les maladies transmissibles, les maladies non transmissibles, les accidents de la circulation, en mettant l'accent sur deux régions économiquement et épidémiologiquement différentes : l'Afrique subsaharienne de l’Est et l'Asie du Sud-Est. Nos objectifs étant d’éclairer les débats sur les politiques de santé, d’améliorer le corpus mondial de connaissances sur le rapport coût-efficacité de différentes interventions en fournissant davantage d’informations sur l’efficience de l’allocation de ressources pour les trois groupes de problèmes de santé précités et de contribuer aux discussions sur l’élaboration des programmes de soins de santé universels
Priority setting in health, in the context of Universal Health Coverage, emphasizes three values: improving population health, ensuring equity in access to and quality of services and avoiding impoverishment or underutilization of services as a result of out-of-pocket expenditures. Allocative efficiency can be measured with respect to any one of these values, or with respect to all together by different variants of Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. In this thesis, we use the Generalized Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, a standardized approach developed by the World Health Organization’s programme, ‘Choosing Interventions that are Cost-Effective’ (WHO-CHOICE) that can be applied to all interventions in different settings. This thesis provides a quantitative assessment of allocative efficiency within three health categories: communicable diseases, noncommunicable diseases, and road traffic injuries, focusing on two economically and epidemiologically diverse regions: Eastern sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Our objectives are to inform health policy debates, improve the world’s body of knowledge on the cost-effectiveness of different interventions by providing more information on the allocative efficiency in those three disease groups and contribute to discussions on Universal Health Care packages
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Botha, Barend HJ. "Systematic review: Availability, effectiveness and safety of assisted reproductive techniques in Sub-Saharan Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29315.

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STUDY QUESTION: What is the evidence pertaining to availability, effectiveness and safety of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa? SUMMARY ANSWER: According to overall limited and heterogeneous evidence, availability and utilization of ART are very low, clinical pregnancy rates largely compare to other regions but are accompanied by high multiple pregnancy rates, and in the near absence of data on deliveries and live births the true degree of effectiveness and safety remains to be established. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: In most world regions, availability, utilization and outcomes of ART are monitored and reported by national and regional ART registries. In sub-Saharan Africa there is only one national and no regional registry to date, raising the question what other evidence exists documenting the status of ART in this region. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A systematic review was conducted searching PUBMED, SCOPUS, AFRICAWIDE, WEB OF SCIENCE and CINAHL databases from January 2000 to June 2017. A total of 29 studies were included in the review. The extracted data were not suitable for meta-analysis. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHOD: The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. All peer-reviewed manuscripts irrespective of language or study design that presented original data pertaining to availability, effectiveness and safety of ART in sub-Saharan Africa were eligible for inclusion. Selection criteria were specified prior to the search. Two authors independently reviewed studies for possible inclusion and critically appraised selected manuscripts. Data were analyzed descriptively, being unsuitable for statistical analysis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The search yielded 810 references of which 29 were included based on the predefined selection and eligibility criteria. Extracted data came from 23 single centre observational studies, 2 global ART reports, 2 reviews, 1 national data registry and 1 community-based study. ART services were available in 10 countries and delivered by 80 centres in 6 of these. Data pertaining to number of procedures existed from 3 countries totalling 4619 fresh non-donor aspirations in 2010. The most prominent barrier to access was cost. Clinical pregnancy rates ranged between 21.2% to 43.9% per embryo transfer but information on deliveries and live births were lacking, seriously limiting evaluation of ART effectiveness. When documented, the rate of multiple pregnancy was high with information on outcomes similarly lacking. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The findings in this review are based on limited data from a limited number of countries, and are derived from heterogeneous studies, both in terms of study design and quality, many of which include small sample sizes. Although representing best available evidence, this requires careful interpretation regarding the degree of representativeness of the current status of ART in sub-Saharan Africa. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: The true extent and outcome of ART in sub-Saharan Africa could not be reliably documented as the relevant information was not available. Current efforts are underway to establish a regional ART data registry in order to report and monitor availability, effectiveness and safety of ART thus contributing to evidence-based practice and possible development strategies. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): No funding was received for this study. The authors had no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42016032336
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Naimanye, Andrew Grace. "Development of equitable algorithms for road funds allocation and road scheme prioritisation in developing countries : a case study of Sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13137/.

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Equitable allocation of resources for roads and systematic prioritisation of road projects in developing countries is important in order to enhance equality of transport opportunities and to achieve sustainable developments. This has been recognised as a research problem as it has challenged stakeholders. Existing decision systems are complex, data intensive and equity is not considered appropriately whilst data is often obsolete or unreliable. Therefore, the crux of this research is to investigate and develop new approaches with specific emphasis on Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This thesis offers a distinctive contribution to knowledge by proposing new equity-centred algorithms, Goal Programming (GP) models, formulae and frameworks/tools for SSA road sector which are based on expert opinion and literature evidence. Following establishment of Road Funds and Road Authorities in SSA and subsequent increase in resource allocations, a clear understanding of equity in road funds allocation and road scheme prioritisation is important as road transport is by far the most predominant form of transport in Africa. The premise of this thesis supported by expert opinion is that there has been a historical bias towards funding of capital investment road projects at the expense of maintenance of existing roads; and road funds distribution and road scheme prioritisation is often non-systematic. The research uses both quantitative and qualitative methods; and a two stage web-based survey. Salient road sector equity aspects analysed include funds allocation between: capital investment projects versus maintenance (macro); road network classes under maintenance (meso); and the various lower local government jurisdictions and prioritisation of competing road schemes (micro). The developed decision tools are then applied to critique road sector allocations and systems from the case study countries of Uganda, Ghana, Zambia, Kenya, Tanzania and Namibia. The study finds that inequity and political interference are commonplace in the SSA road sector and allocation formulae are important instruments to achieve Rawlsian equity thus ensuring equality of transport opportunities and sustainability. Furthermore, the study concludes that road maintenance funding ought to be increased following country specific needs assessments. Road funds allocation and road scheme selection should be multi-criteria based prioritising economic efficiency for national roads and social equity/multi-dimensional poverty for rural roads. Finally, it is recommended that the Rawlsian equity assessment tool, formulae, GP models and algorithms developed in this study which are based on expert identified factors and weightings (rankings); are used to mitigate the inequity in allocations and the haphazard road scheme prioritisation in SSA and other developing regions.
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Dasgupta, Amrita. "Modelling the energy demand for transport in Sub-Saharan Africa : World Energy Outlook as a Case Study." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300137.

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Energy demand projections are essential tools that enable policymakers, engineers, scientists, stakeholders and investors to assess the future energy needs of a country and understand the technical, economic, social and environmental costs associated with meeting this demand. Such tools become further indispensable in the case of developing countries, where past consumption trends alone cannot indicate the trajectory of their future energy demand. Transport is one of the largest consumers of energy among all the end-use sectors. In 2018, it accounted for almost 29% of the total final consumption (TFC) of energy and 65% of oil consumption in the world [1]. A key ingredient for economic growth, mobility is indispensable for access to employment, education, health care and other services and operating industrial and trade activities. This report describes an energy demand model of the transport sector for selected countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The countries modelled are Angola, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa and Tanzania. With the exception of South Africa, the transport sector in the focus countries is largely underdeveloped and outdated. Road transport dominates the energy demand for transport in the region today and this trend is projected to continue to 2040. The ownership of cars increases rapidly, especially in cities, but this growth starts from very low levels as the region is home to countries with the lowest ownership rates in the world. As in the case of emerging Asian economies, the fleet of two- and three-wheelers growsiiifaster than that of cars and a significant share of this growth comes from rural areas. Aviation is the largest non-road consumer of energy and this continues to 2040 as a consequence of rising GDP and rapid urbanisation. Rail and navigation lag behind current global levels but are projected to develop significantly to aid in achieving the industrialisation goals set out by the African Agenda 2063. In its current state, the sector faces major challenges like inadequate and poorly maintained infrastructure, dealing with increasing traffic congestion in cities, large-scale imports of second-hand vehicles with poor emission standards that affect air quality in cities, lack of safe and formally operated public transportation systems and insufficient consideration for the different mobility needs of women. Sound policymaking and investments in infrastructure have the potential to overcome or significantly reduce the severity of most of these challenges in the future.
Energibehovsprognoser är grundläggande verktyg som möjliggör för beslutsfattare, ingenjörer, forskare, intressenter och andelsägare att bedöma framtida energibehov för ett land och förstå de tekniska, ekonomiska och de miljömässiga kostnaderna förknippade med att möta detta behov. Dessa verktyg är än mer oumbärliga i fallet för utvecklingsländer, där tidigare förbrukningstrender enskilt inte kan indikera den framtida utvecklingen av energibehoven. Transport är en av de största förbrukarna av energi utav alla slutanvändningssektorer. Under 2018 stod den för nästan 29% av den totala slutförbrukningen (TFC) av energi och 65% av oljekonsumtionen i världen[1]. Som en nyckelingrediens för ekonomisk tillväxt är rörlighet oumbärligt för åtkomst till anställning, hälsovård och andra tjänster och drift av industri och handelsaktiviteter. Den här rapporten beskriver en energibehovsmodell av transportsektorn för utvalda länder i subsahariska Afrika. Länderna som har modellerats är Angola, Elfenbenskusten, Demokratiska Republiken Kongo, Etiopien, Ghana,Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sydafrika och Tanzania. Undantaget Sydafrika så är transportsektorn i de utvalda länderna i stora delar underutvecklad och föråldrad. Vägtransporter dominerar energibehoven för transport i regionen idag och den här trenden förväntas pågå fram till 2040. Ägandet av bilar ökar kraftigt, framförallt i städer, men den här tillväxten sker från väldigt låga nivåer då länderna i regionen tillhör den grupp länder med lägst ägande i världen. Som är fallet med växande ekonomier i Asien, så växer flottan av två- ochivtrehjulingar snabbare än den för bilar och en signifikant andel av den tillväxten sker i lantliga områden. Flyg är den största förbrukaren utanför vägarna vilket förväntas fortsätta fram till 2040 som en konsekvens av växande BNP och snabb urbanisering. Järnväg och sjöfart släpar efter aktuella globala nivåer men förväntas att utvecklas signifikant för att uppfylla industrialiseringsmålen som finns uppsatta av African Agenda 2063. I det aktuella stadiet, så möter sektorn stora utmaningar som otillräcklig och dåligt underhållen infrastruktur, ökade trafikstockningar i städer, storskalig import av andrahandsfordon med dåliga utsläppsstandarder som påverkar luftkvaliteten i städerna, avsaknad av säker och officiellt driven kollektivtrafik samt otillräcklig hänsynstagande för kvinnors transportbehov. Sunt beslutsfattande och investerande har potentialen att övervinna eller signifikant reducera allvaret av de flesta av dessa utmaningar inför framtiden.
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Buhlin, Sofia. "Aid as a Path on the Muddled Road Toward Democratization? : A quantitative multiple case study on the impact of aid on the democratization process in Sub Saharan Africa." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5314.

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This thesis deals with the problematic question of aid as a helping hand to states that are in the process of developing democracy. It focuses on the Sub Saharan African region as a critical case, and furthermore upon the aid contributions made by the European Union during the time period of 1996-2006. The main ambition is to explore the real effect of aid on the democratic process, but also to explore other variables that might have effect. The method used is regression analysing of a database called The Quality of Government database Cross – Section Time-Series May 2008. The database has later been modified to suit my specific needs and aid has been recoded. This thesis is meant to be a theory testing study, and the theories tested will be related to the independent variables such as aid as a democratic helping hand as well as theories of corruption, political participation and military rule in the search for democracy. 

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Campbell, Alex. "Federal Road Management for Sub-Saharan African Nations: A Nigerian Case Study." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4328.

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The World Bank specifically indicates that poor transport infrastructure and services in sub-Saharan Africa are serious obstacles to poverty reduction (Plessis-Fraissard, 2007). Two thirds of Africa's rural population, who are some 300 million of the world's poorest people, do not have access to an all-weather road. The same holds true for the federal paved network, further compounding the issues of health and economy. In the case of Nigeria, the majority of their federal network was constructed decades ago and little, if any, pavement management has been conducted. Further, federal roads that have been reconstructed or new roads that have been built are done so with inferior materials, inadequate designs and lack of quality control during the building process. Contributing to the poor state of the federal road network are high traffic volumes and traffic loads, as heavily overloaded trucks are commonplace. Nigeria has understood the need to improve their federal road network if they are to achieve the Millennium Development Goals they have outlined. As such, the Federal Roads Maintenance Agency (FERMA) was created and set in motion a mandate of federal road improvement through more appropriate design, construction, and above all else, pavement management. The major challenge, however, is that they are starting the process without a database, pavement management system, or an appreciation of the condition of their federal road network. The primary objective of this thesis is to form the foundation of a pavement management system (PMS) that FERMA can immediately implement to make better decisions pertaining to rehabilitation options. Further, it is the intent to allow for appropriate decisions about the best type of maintenance and rehabilitation interventions to apply to the poor state of arterial roads taking into context various factors, least of which are the type and extent of distress present and the benefit cost analysis. The outcome of this thesis will assist sub-Saharan Africa, but principally Nigeria, in their goal of fostering economic growth and creating a more sustainable transportation network. Recommendations on how to simplify input factors necessary for Nigeria to initiate a database and prepare more regionally specific designs have been made, including traffic, climatic and subgrade classifications. Economic analysis included present worth of costs (PWC) that were derived from condition rating curves specific to intervention pavement life and performance. Based on preliminary findings, subject to field validation, a chip-seal specific rehabilitation strategy for low volume federal roads is more cost effective over the 20-year analysis period, and 1-lift of asphalt concrete (AC) is more cost effective over the 20-year analysis period for high volume federal roads. Recommendations for further research have been made.
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Kapoor, Kapil. "Paving the Silk Road: Sub-Saharan Africa’s Collaboration with China and India in Health Biotechnology." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/31272.

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South-South collaboration has grown significantly over the past decade and can be an important tool to boost development and scientific capacity in Southern countries. This research aims to understand the role of China and India’s collaboration with sub-Saharan African countries’ in health biotechnology development on the African continent. I conducted a scientometric analysis, surveyed biotechnology firms, and interviewed researchers, entrepreneurs, and policy makers to identify the drivers, challenges, and impacts of South-South collaboration in health biotechnology and understand the factors that shape it. The main messages resulting from this study indicate that: China and India are active collaborators of sub-Saharan Africa in technology intensive fields, collaboration in traditional medicine is of high priority, drivers for collaboration with China and India are not uniform, and that shared health concerns are motivate and foster South-South collaboration between sub-Saharan Africa, China and India. This research study illustrates that sub-Saharan Africa can harness South-South collaboration to improve capacity, innovation potentials, and promote the development of health biotechnology solutions appropriate for the African context.
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(8975894), Tabitha C. Nindi. "UNDERSTANDING SMALLHOLDER FARMERS' POST-HARVEST CHOICES IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: EVIDENCE FROM MALAWI." Thesis, 2020.

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This dissertation has three essays that are focused on understanding smallholder farmers’ choices in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly, Malawi. The first essay uses a clustered randomized control trial (RCT) to evaluate the impact of storage and commitment constraints on farmers’ legume storage bevavior. The second essay is motivated by the incomplete quality information problem within informal markets that undermines consumers’ demand for quality and lead to lemons market. In this essay, we use a clustered RCT along with the Becker DeGroote Marshack auctions amongst 1,098 farm households to evaluate whether providing food safety (aflatoxins) information increases consumers’ demand for grain quality and whether that demand for quality varies depending on food availability. The third essay uses stochastic dynamic programming to explore the role of market risk and expenditure shocks on smallholder farmers’ storage and marketing behavior.

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Mbombo-Dweba, Tulisiwe Pilisiwe. "Impact of ethnic food markets and restaurants on household food security of Sub-Saharan immigrants in Gauteng Province, South Africa." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23716.

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Ethnic food markets and restaurants are the main source of immigrants’ traditional foods in South Africa. Despite this, the actual availability and accessibility of ethnic foods from the ethnic food markets and restaurants has not been investigated. Furthermore, factors that influence the role of ethnic foods in the diets of immigrants, like perceptions of Sub-Saharan Immigrants towards South Africa food culture, and the safety of ethnic foods have not been established. Although a number of studies have been conducted on the identification of microbial hazards of cooked food in the informal sector, none have been conducted on ethnic foods of Sub-Saharan Immigrants. Aim and objectives The aim of this study was to assess the availability and accessibility of Sub-Saharan African immigrants’ traditional food from ethnic food markets, shops and restaurants, establish immigrants’ perceptions towards South African’s food culture, and determine predictors of contamination of selected cooked food sold in the ethnic food markets, and restaurants. From this aim, eight objectives were formulated as follows: (i) describe the immigrants’ perceptions towards South Africa’s food culture, (ii) investigate the contribution of the ethnic food markets on the dietary patterns of immigrants, (iii) investigate the availability, and accessibility of the ethnic foods available in the ethnic food markets, and restaurants, (iv) document coping strategies adopted by immigrants when faced with shortage of their traditional foods or ingredients in South Africa (v) identify factors associated with a move away from their ethnic foods and adoption of South African foods, (vi) investigate the microbiological quality of selected cooked foods found in the ethnic food markets and restaurants, and (vii) investigate predictors of contamination of ethnic foods bought from the restaurants and markets. A cross-sectional research design using a mixed methods approach was adopted to achieve the objectives of this study. The mixed method employed three instruments, namely: questionnaire, checklist, and laboratory microbial analysis. The study was conducted in Tshwane and Johannesburg metropolitan municipalities. The study focused on two study populations: (i) immigrant households from West, East and Central Africa regions, and ii) entrepreneurs selling Sub-Saharan ethnic ready-to-eat (RTE) foods. The snowball sampling method was adopted to sample both study populations. A total of one hundred and ninety four (n=194) women and forty (n=40) entrepreneurs who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate were included in the study. A checklist was employed to assess restaurants and vending sites. Two samples of RTE ethnic foods were collected from each entrepreneur and submitted to the microbiology laboratory at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). Data obtained from the questionnaire, checklist and microbial analysis were analysed, and descriptive statistics were presented as tables and figures. Multivariable and binary logistic regression models were fitted to the data to assess predictors of adoption and contamination respectively. Results Ethnic foods still featured prominently in the diets of immigrants, with only 7.7 % (n=15) indicating that they strictly followed a South African diet. Ethnic food markets are the main sources of ethnic foods for immigrants living in Gauteng. Efforts to maintain ethnic diets by Sub-Saharan immigrants resident in South Africa are hindered by factors such as unaffordability (39.2%;n=76) and unavailability (25.3%; n=49) of their ethnic foods. Meanwhile, relying on less preferred food (38.7%; n=75) and replacing unavailable ingredients with similar ingredients (37.6%; n=73%) were identified as two main coping strategies that are adopted by immigrants when facing unavailability of their traditional food ingredients. Four patterns of dietary acculturation were identified, namely, strict continuity with traditional foods (21.6%; n=42), very limited adoption (21.1 %; n=39), limited adoption (50.5%; n=98) and complete adoption (7.7%; n=15) of South African foods. The following were the most common food items that the respondents tended to adopt: pap (84.5%; n=164); fried potato chips (43.8%; n=85); cold drinks (42.8%; n=83); fast foods (37.6%; n=73); sphathlo (30.9%; n=60); and vetkoek (30.4%; n=59). Four factors that were associated with adoption of South African foods included:  spending R2500-R3499 (OR 3.34; p=0.017) and 3500-4500 (OR 3.99; p=0.030) on food,  residing in the country between 3-6 years (OR 5.16; p=0.001),  earning between 5000-10 000 (OR 0.52; p=0.040) and >R11 000 (OR 0.380; p=0.057), and  being in part-time/temporary employment (OR 5.85; p=0.025). The majority of the ethnic food entrepreneurs were West Africans (70%; n=28), belonging mainly to the 30-49 years old age group (88%; n=35). Over 35%% (n=14) of the entrepreneurs indicated that they had completed high school education, while 42.5% (n=17) had tertiary education. The majority (80%, n= 34) of vendors of ethnic foods did not have a certificate in food handling or hygiene practices. The majority (95%, n=38) of entrepreneurs operated in permanent structures with ceilings and walls. A majority (95%; n=38) also had access to tap water and flushing toilets. However, ownership of appliances such as thermometers (0%, n=0), microwaves (55%, n=22), and freezers (37.5%, n=15) was very low. There was also low adherence with regards to the following aspects: wearing of protective clothing such as caps (40%; n=24), apron (62.5%, n=25) and gloves (0%, n=0); not wearing jewellery (50%; n=20); keeping fingernails short and clean; and proper reheating of food. Samples contaminated with total viable counts above the threshold of satisfactory counts (<10⁵ CFU/g) was very high (71.3% , n=57). Over twenty percent (22.5%; n=18) of the food samples had unsatisfactory levels of coliforms (>10 ³ CFU/g), and 17.5% (n=14) had unsatisfactory levels (>3 CFU/g) of E. coli. Salmonella was observed in only 3.8 % (n=3) food samples. Being new in business (OR=0.010, p=.033), owning a freezer (OR .477; p= .052), not owning a microwave (OR .013, p=.074), and reheating per serving (OR .187, p=.048) were identified as significant drivers of contamination. Conclusion In the two metropolitans that were investigated only 40 vendors of ethnic foods could be identified. This number is too low to be able to supply the whole immigrant community with ethnic foods. Thus their role as a contributor to household food security is limited. As a result, although the majority of immigrants attempt to preserve their traditional diets, high ethnic food prices and unavailability of traditional ingredients forces them into bicultural eating patterns. Although bicultural eating patterns are supposed to protect against food insecurity, the adoption of unhealthy dietary habits and could render them vulnerable to food insecurity. Lack of knowledge of South Africa foods results in poor food choices. In the long run these unhealthy eating patterns could have negative implications choices. In the long run these unhealthy eating patterns could have negative implications on the nutritional health of immigrants and the health system of South Africa. Therefore, studies to identify foods with similar taste and nutritious ingredients could aid prevention of obesity and lifestyle diseases and inform culture-specific nutrition education programmes. The high number of entrepreneurs without training on food hygiene and handling practices limits the role of the ethnic restaurants in the food security of immigrants living in Gauteng, and food quality is thus compromised. Therefore, there is a need for targeted training programmes which cater for the unique needs of the ethnic entrepreneurs to enable them to play a meaningful role in ensuring that immigrants who want to maintain their food culture are food secure. These programmes should also address the poor handling and hygiene practices that were observed in this study. This could be done by emphasising the World Health Organization’s (WHO) five keys to safer food. Results of the food contamination indicate that entrepreneurs are able to produce safe food, (as supported by only moderate contamination levels of coliforms and E. coli, which also suggests low risk of environmental and enteric contaminants). However, if these concerns are not addressed immediately by proper training and monitoring, they could further compromise the role played by ethnic food markets in food security. Training and monitoring programmes should place more emphasis on the four factors that were identified as drivers of contamination
Agriculture, Animal Health and Human Ecology
Ph. D. (Agriculture)
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Books on the topic "Road safety – Sub-Saharan Africa"

1

Doumani, Fadi M. Environmental health in Sub-Saharan Africa: A road map. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2002.

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Theocharides, Stelios. The road passenger transport sector in Sub-Saharan Africa: The performance and development of human resources and organisations. Geneva: International Labour Office, Management Development Branch, 1991.

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Food Safety and Informal Markets: Animal Products in Sub-Saharan Africa. Routledge, 2014.

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Mylène, Kherallah, and International Food Policy Research Institute., eds. The road half traveled: Agricultural market reform in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, D.C: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2000.

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Buys, Piet, Uwe Deichmann, and David Wheeler. Road Network Upgrading And Overland Trade Expansion In Sub-Saharan Africa. The World Bank, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4097.

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Schmidt, Emily, Paul Dorosh, Hyoung-Gun Wang, and Liang You. Crop Production And Road Connectivity In Sub-Saharan Africa : A Spatial Analysis. The World Bank, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5385.

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Hommann, Kirsten, and Somik V. Lall. Which Way to Livable and Productive Cities?: A Road Map for Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1405-1.

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Storeygard, Adam. Farther on Down the Road: Transport Costs, Trade and Urban Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. The World Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-6444.

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Twerefou, Daniel Kwabena, Kwame Adjei-Mantey, and Niko L. Strzepek. The economic impact of climate change on road infrastructure in sub-Saharan Africa countries: Evidence from Ghana. UNU-WIDER, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2014/753-0.

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Workie, Netsanet Walelign, Emelyn Shroff, Abdo S. Yazbeck, Son Nam Nguyen, and Humphrey Karamagi. Who Needs Big Health Sector Reforms Anyway?: Seychelles' Road to UHC Provides Lessons for Sub-Saharan Africa and Island Nations. Taylor and Francis, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/31148.

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Book chapters on the topic "Road safety – Sub-Saharan Africa"

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Porter, Gina, Kate Hampshire, Albert Abane, Alister Munthali, Elsbeth Robson, and Mac Mashiri. "Negotiating Transport, Travel and Traffic, Part 2: Motor-Mobility, Traffic Risk and Road Safety." In Young People’s Daily Mobilities in Sub-Saharan Africa, 203–25. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-45431-7_8.

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Devereux, Stephen. "Transfers and Safety Nets." In Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa, 267–93. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780440170.011.

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Lindley, Jade. "Maritime safety and security." In The Blue Economy in Sub-Saharan Africa, 83–96. New York : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Europa regional perspectives: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367822729-5.

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Sumper, Elke, and Marketa Barker. "Sustainable Urban Transport: Improving Mobility Conditions for Vulnerable Road Users in Sub-Saharan Africa." In Climate Change Management, 285–301. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49520-0_18.

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Mwacalimba, Kennedy. "Disease Control, Public Health and Food Safety: Food Policy Lessons from Sub-Saharan Africa." In International Food Law and Policy, 1061–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07542-6_42.

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Peltzer, Karl. "Road Use Behavior in Sub-Saharan Africa." In Handbook of Traffic Psychology, 503–18. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-381984-0.10035-9.

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Boadu, Frederick O. "Food Safety Regulation." In Agricultural Law and Economics in Sub-Saharan Africa, 573–87. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-801771-5.00018-6.

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Leigland, James. "Case Study." In Public-Private Partnerships in Sub-Saharan Africa, 52–73. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198861829.003.0003.

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This chapter presents a case study of the Maputo Corridor toll road concession, linking South Africa with neighboring Mozambique. As the first cross-border transport PPP in SSA, this project is the first PPP in the region with a claim to the kind of “transformational” qualities that the G20 and the African Union have been hoping will dramatically improve infrastructure across the continent. The continent includes many landlocked countries as well as countries that are too small and poor to be able to finance adequate power and transport infrastructure without the collaboration of neighbors. However, this project is still the only cross-border toll road concession ever completed in SSA. Why have no similar projects ever been completed in Africa? What makes the Maputo toll road a unique project? What lessons can we learn from the Maputo project about the likely success of cross-border transformational PPPs in SSA?
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Tesfay, Yohannes Yebabe. "Stochastic Evaluation of Capacity and Demand Management of the Airline Industry." In Research Anthology on Reliability and Safety in Aviation Systems, Spacecraft, and Air Transport, 85–106. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5357-2.ch004.

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In the airline industry, the term load factor defined as the percentage of seats filled by revenue passengers and is used to measure efficiency and performance. This metric evaluates the airlines capacity and demand management. This paper applies stochastic models to analyse the load factor of the Association European Airlines (AEA) for flights of Europe - North Africa and Europe- Sub Saharan Africa. The estimation result prevails that the airlines have better demand management in the flights of Europe- Sub Saharan Africa than in the flight of Europe - North Africa. However, the capacity management of the airlines is poor for both regional flights. The autocorrelation structures for the load factor for both regional flights have both periodic and serial correlations. Consequently, the use of ordinal panel data models is inappropriate to capture the necessary variation of the load factor of the regional flights. Therefore, in order to control for the periodic autocorrelation, the author introduces dynamic time effects panel data regression model. Furthermore, in order to eliminate serial correlation the author applies the Prais–Winsten methodology to fit the model. Finally, the author builds realistic and robust forecasting model of the load factor of the Europe- North Africa and Europe-Sub Saharan Africa flights.
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Hommann, Kirsten, and Somik V. Lall. "Cities and Towns Are Growing, yet the Potential Benefits of Urbanization Remain Distant." In Which Way to Livable and Productive Cities?: A Road Map for Sub-Saharan Africa, 5–29. The World Bank, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1405-1_ch1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Road safety – Sub-Saharan Africa"

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Fletcher, Paul, and Sarah Sanders Hewett. "Planning for Waste Management: The Challenges Facing Oil and Gas Companies in Sub-Saharan Africa." In SPE African Health, Safety, Security, and Environment and Social Responsibility Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/170217-ms.

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Okorocha, Uche, and Alexander Barbey. "An Oilfield Services Malaria Prevention Program in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Strategy for Sustained Effectiveness." In SPE International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/126659-ms.

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Etendi, Daniel Abuy, and Ahmed Zidan. "Improving Driving Safety: Case Study of a Dedicated Journey Management Center for the Sub-Saharan Africa Region." In SPE African Health, Safety, Security, and Environment and Social Responsibility Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/170572-ms.

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Tawiah, Samuel, Solomon Adjei Marfo, and Daniel Benah. "Solar Power for Sustainable Offshore Petroleum Exploration and Production in Africa." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2588537-ms.

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ABSTRACT A substantial percentage of Africa's upstream petroleum activity occurs offshore in high risk environments with attendant environmental concerns. Power demands on offshore rigs are met principally through the use of diesel engines and gas turbines. This adds to the already high safety hazards and environmental threat through greenhouse gas emissions, heat and noise generation. Additionally, petroleum generated power is an expensive venture that can have significant impact on oil and gas project economics. Moreover, some of these offshore locations are so remote that accessibility to petroleum fuel may be challenging. As petroleum exploration and production pushes steadily into deeper, farther waters especially in sub-Saharan Africa, safety, environmental and logistical security may be key for sustainability. Situated almost entirely within the tropics, Africa is a very suitable place for solar energy applications. This study assesses the potential of solar power for offshore oil and gas operations in Africa to mitigate the issues associated with the use of fossil fuel thereby ensuring sustainability of the upstream petroleum industry in Africa. The size of the solar power system that may meet the power requirement of a sample floating storage and production vessel (FPSO) in offshore Angola was estimated. Appropriate areas and extent of potential solar power application on this sample rig were also assessed. This was followed by some cost analysis to compare the two sources of power economically. It was found that solar power can currently provide only a small part of the power needed on offshore rigs primarily due to lack of space and weight restrictions.
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Reports on the topic "Road safety – Sub-Saharan Africa"

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Bankole, Akinrinola, Lisa Remez, Onikepe Owolabi, Jesse Philbin, and Patrice Williams. From Unsafe to Safe Abortion in Sub-Saharan Africa: Slow but Steady Progress. Guttmacher Institute, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1363/2020.32446.

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This report represents the first comprehensive compilation of information about abortion in Sub-Saharan Africa and its four subregions. It offers a panorama of this hard-to-measure practice by assembling data on the incidence and safety of abortion, the extent to which the region’s laws restrict abortion, and how these laws have changed between 2000 and 2019. Many countries in this region have incrementally broadened the legal grounds for abortion, improved the safety of abortions, and increased the quality and reach of postabortion care. There is still much progress to be made, however, including enabling the region’s women to avoid unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions. The report concludes with recommendations for a broad range of actors to improve the sexual and reproductive health and autonomy of the region’s 255 million women of reproductive age.
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Food Safety Training Workshop. Theme: Managing food safety and quality in small-scale food processing for Roots, Tubers and Bananas (RTB) value chains in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Potato Center, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4160/9789290604884.

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