Relevant bibliographies by topics / Road subgrades

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Road subgrades'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Road subgrades"

1

Zilioniene, Daiva, Donatas Cygas, and Kastytis Dundulis. "Solutions of Gravel Road Renovation Based on Certain Local Conditions in Lithuania." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819b-34.

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The Lithuanian state road network consists of more than 21,000 km of roads, and gravel roads dominate (43.3%). While the 1998–2000 Paving of Gravel Roads Program was being implemented, there were a few issues in estimating investments that could determine the implementation alternatives of the rehabilitation project. Total costs of renovated gravel roads depended on the climate and geological and hydrological conditions of a location as well as traffic and gravel road characteristics. Roads, like engineering buildings, have to be of sufficient strength and durability, and they should correspond to traffic volume. The results of tests showed diversity of pavements and the characteristics of renovated gravel roads. Gravel roads vary by road width, pavement structure, pavement materials, and traffic. In analyzing traffic on gravel roads, the roads were classified into four groups according to traffic volume. Frequently, the strength of subgrade soils determines the structure of renovated gravel roads. The authors carried out tests on road subgrades under different geomorphologic and geological conditions, estimating the structure, physical conditions, and mechanical properties of these subgrades. According to the test results the strength of existing gravel roads depends on the strength of the subgrade, the thickness of the gravel road, and the quality of the gravel. The equivalent deformation modulus of the gravel roads is described by a binomial. In selecting structures for reconstruction of gravel roads, mathematical models are suggested.
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Jiang, Kang, Fu Liang Gao, and Wei Fang. "Treatment Mechanism Research on the Roadbed Widening with Geosynthetics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 1789–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1789.

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In order to reduce the differential settlement and improve the stability of the subgrade when widening the old roadbed，the geosynthetics have been successfully adopted in the joint between the old and new subgrades. Based on the features of the geosynthetics-reinforced old road widening, the old and new subgrades and the pavement were regarded as a whole structure, and the numerical model was established on the basis of the assumption. By FLAC, the mechanism of geosynthetics-reinforced old road widening was discussed, the different effects under the different layer numbers of geosynthetics and roadbed filling height were studied, mainly from the aspects of displacement and surface stress of subgrade. The results show that geosynthetics not only effectively reduce the differential settlements and horizontal displacements of subgrade top, but also lessen and homogenize the average stress reflected from subgrade to pavement.
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Kozakiewicz, Paweł, and Grzegorz Trzciński. "Wood in the Construction of Forest Roads on Poor-bearing Road Subgrades." Forests 11, no. 2 (January 24, 2020): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11020138.

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The use of wood for road construction in biologically valuable areas seems to be a good alternative to solutions based on less ecologically-friendly materials. The key issue is the durability of the wood in specific conditions of use, i.e., in the substrate of the actual road. Among other issues, this study analyzes the existing road surfaces constructed on timber log foundations and the selected properties of the wood taken from designated road sections—to measure the properties of durability, such as density, modulus of elasticity and compression strength parallel to the grain. Based on the analysis of the aforementioned properties, we confirmed the highest durability for oak heartwood as the most predisposed in building forest road substrates. Next in order were the resinous conifers of pine and spruce, and the least durable was alder. Maintaining the wood in a good condition is mainly influenced by the conditions of its use. Using wooden substrates for forest roads is best suited in marshy areas.
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Bullen, Frank. "Design and Construction of Low-Cost, Low-Volume Roads in Australia." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819b-22.

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Inexpensive roads constructed by using local knowledge of material behavior have been shown to be capable of meeting rural traffic requirements without the need for importation of hard and expensive quarried crushed rock or gravel. In Australia, low-cost, low-volume roads are typically rural roads constructed in a broad range of operating environments, varying from arid to tropical. The areas that contain the longest length of rural roads, however, are arid or semiarid and are often subjected to periods with low levels of precipitation and high levels of evaporation, frequently followed by periods of intense rainfall. Locally available materials for road making may not meet the usual standard road authority requirements for high-quality aggregate and are thus termed “marginal,” “nonstandard,” or even “inferior.” Because these materials are a resource that cannot be ignored, locally derived specifications are formulated for specific materials to allow more efficient expansion and maintenance of road networks in remote rural areas. Many of the subgrades within arid and semiarid areas are sensitive to water ingress and are termed “cracking” or “expansive” clays. The combination of hostile environment, poor subgrade, and marginal construction aggregates means that the engineer must take an entrepreneurial approach when developing the rural road infrastructure. Some of the methods used to develop and maintain a highway infrastructure for remote rural areas in Australia are outlined, with the Western Queensland region used for illustrative purposes.
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Zhao, Xiaoxia, Jun Wang, and Guangya Ding. "Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Evaluation of Road Dynamic Behavior on Different Subgrades." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (April 30, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3490360.

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The dynamic characteristics of a road on a subgrade filled with different materials under traffic loads are studied. An elastic double-layer plate model on a viscoelastic subgrade is established to describe the dynamic behavior of the road. The load diffusion path in the form of a cone in the stabilised layer under single vibration source and three vibration sources is considered, and the equations for the displacement and effective soil pressure of the elastic double-layer plate on the viscoelastic subgrade are derived. The relevant empirical formulae are then properly revised to reflect the dynamic behavior of the road. The dynamic response of the road is analysed by adjusting factors such as the excitation load, excitation frequency, and subgrade filling materials. The results show that gravel as a subgrade filling material has a better vibration reduction effect than sand bag. In addition, the test data not only have good consistency with the theoretical formulae but also validate the reliability of the empirical formulae.
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Vaitkus, Audrius, Aurimas Šiukščius, and Vaidas Ramūnas. "Regulations for use of geosynthetics for road embankments and subgrades." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 9, no. 2 (June 20, 2014): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bjrbe.2014.11.

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Keybondori, Soghra, and Ehsan Abdi. "Lime stabilization to improve clay-textured forest soil road subgrades." International Journal of Forest Engineering 32, no. 2 (January 31, 2021): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2021.1876476.

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Hossain, M. B., M. Kumruzzaman, and M. Roknuzzaman. "Study of Engineering Behavior of Coal Mine Waste Generated From Barapukuria Coal Mine As Road Subgrade." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.884.2018.

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This study is focused on the possibility of using coal mine wastes as a replacement for conventional road subgrades. Various laboratory tests carried out on fresh coal mine waste collected from Barapukuria Coal Mine (Located at Dinajpur, Bangladesh) showed that, it behaves like low strength soil with 0.71% CBR and 18.74% plasticity index which is unsuitable for engineering utilization. Later, fine sand and cement were added with the waste. Three different cement proportion were tested (5%, 8% and 10% of total weight) keeping a constant sand proportion (20% of total weight). The unconfined compression strength and CBR value were found to increase greatly. Analyzing the test results, waste mixed with 8% cement and 20% sand showing 27.44% CBR and 9.09% plasticity index was found to be effective for using as subgrade. Chemical analysis of waste detected the presence of lead as 0.026 ppm which may cause groundwater contamination.
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Barabanova, Tatiana. "Operation of subgrades with application of polyurethane binder for its stabilization." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 04012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124404012.

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Slopes of road subbase and subgrade under operation are subjected to deformation and destruction while being affected by atmospheric precipitation, deicing agents and temperature drops. Stabilization of road slopes should proceed throughout the entire life cycle of the road. There arose a need to work out the most effective and durable design solution. Structures being under operation are exposed to external factors that cause washouts and defects of expansion joints. Washouts of geocell reinforcement structures may occur as well. Structural repairs sometimes are not effective, so destructions continue and progress. Analysis of the use of conventional technologies has shown that implementation of a polyurethane binder for stabilization of slopes is the most effective design solution under certain conditions. Binder based on polyurethane, when applied to rock material (crushed stone or gravel), forms a durable structure that is resistant to external influences and has high strength properties. A set of national standards for application of this technology is currently being developed. It is confirmed that the material under consideration meets the requirements of fire protection, sanitation and epidemiology, hygiene, and environmental safety. By these days, this technology has been implemented at more than 30 highway structures in the city of Moscow and in the Moscow and Smolensk Regions.
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Cheng, Youkun, and Zhenwu Shi. "Permanent Deformation and Temperature Monitoring of Subgrades Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing Technology." Journal of Sensors 2021 (January 30, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8824058.

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The hidden nature of subgrades makes the effective monitoring of their deformation very difficult. This paper addresses this issue by proposing the use of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology. Here, an FBG is encapsulated within a monitoring tube formed from a polyvinyl chloride tube, and one end of the monitoring tube is fixed perpendicular to a concrete column, forming a cantilever beam monitoring system. The deformation is assessed according to the theoretical relationship between the horizontal strain on the FBG embedded in the monitoring tube and the vertical displacement of the cantilever beam. Then, the relationship between the variation in the wavelength of light reflected by the encapsulated FBG and the temperature and horizontal strain is obtained on this basis by calibration experiments. The monitoring tubes are buried at a proscribed depth below the top surface of the subgrade, which facilitates the monitoring of the deformation and temperature of the subgrade at different stages of construction through the collection of FBG wavelength data during different periods, such as after embedding the monitoring tubes, the completion of the test road surface, and during the period of operation. The proposed technology is verified by employing the system to monitor the instantaneous maximum deformation and permanent deformation of a subgrade under dynamic loads. The monitoring results demonstrate that the instantaneous maximum deformation values of the subgrade at 0.25 m and 0.5 m below the surface are 695.40 μm and 574.02 μm, respectively, and the corresponding permanent deformation values are 53.00 μm and 41.54 μm, respectively. The FBG sensor system is thereby verified to provide a reliable method for conducting long-term continuous, accurate, and efficient subgrade deformation and temperature monitoring.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Road subgrades"

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Ouf, Mohamed El-Sadek Abdel Rahman. "Stabilisation of clay subgrade soils using ground granulated blastfurnace slag." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/327/.

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Roads constructed on expansive clays may be adversely affected by the behaviour of the clay. Expansive clays suffer volume change due to changes in moisture content which causes heaving, cracking and the break up of the road pavement. Stabilisation of these types of soil is necessary to suppress swelling and increase the strength of the soil and thus partially decrease the thickness of road pavement layers. The use of by-product materials for stabilisation has environmental and economic benefits. Ground granulated blastfurnace slag (GGBS), a by-product material in Egypt, and lime are used in the current work to stabilise samples of a clay soil similar to a typical Egyptian clay soil. This test soil comprises 80% River Aire soil and 20% calcium montmorillonite. The main objectives of this research were to investigate the effect of GGBS, with and without lime, on the engineering behaviour (plasticity characteristics, compaction, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and swelling potential) of the test soil and to identify the reaction products of the stabilised materials to determine the mechanisms by which changes in engineering properties are obtained. In order to achieve these objectives, extensive laboratory investigations were carried out. Various mixes (up to 10% GGBS by dry weight of the test soil and up to 30% replacement by hydrated lime) were prepared and cured under two representative conditions {20°C with 90-100% relative humidity (CCI) and 35° C with 50-60% relative humidity (CC2)} for up to 12 months. Compaction and plasticity were measured soon after mixing, the swelling potential and UCS were measured after longer curing periods. Four analytical techniques {X ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, differential thermal analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)} were used to identify the reaction products of the clay fraction of the test soil mixed with various amount of GGBS and lime. This pure clay test soil was used to ease identification of the reaction products. The investigations showed that generally the engineering properties (UCS, swelling, plasticity) improved with the addition of GGBS and with increasing curing period and temperature. The addition of lime resulted in a dramatic improvement within the test ranges covered in the programme. The maximum dry density, MDD, decreased and the optimum moisture content, OMC, increased with increasing GGBS and lime content. The major changes in the UCS and swelling behaviour are due to the formation of new cementitious materials. The analytical investigation confirmed two major reactions when GGBS and lime were added to the pure clay soil, hydration of GGBS activated by lime to produce calcium aluminosilicate hydrate gel (C-A-S-H) and hydrotalcite type phase, and the clay-lime reaction to produce calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), (C-A-H) and (C-A-S-H). The NMR test results revealed that the aluminosilicate chain length (EL), the aluminium: silicate (Al/Si) ratio and the amount of Si in the formed C-S-H significantly increased with an increase in the curing temperature and period, which indicates a more stable and well crystalline C-S-H. The results indicate that the use of GGBS alone, or preferably with lime, could have a significant effect on the behaviour of potentially swelling clays. Recommendations for further studies include a study of the effect of cyclic loading on the test soil. Also, site trials should be carried out to assess the suitability of using these materials in the field.
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Rodrigues, Ary Paulo. "Influência de parâmetros geotécnicos e de propriedades geomecânicas de pneus inservíveis em obras geotécnicas e rodoviárias." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18137/tde-18122015-115905/.

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A Resolução nº 258/99 do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente - CONAMA, em vigor desde janeiro de 2002, obriga a destinação ambientalmente correta de pneumáticos inservíveis. Os pneus são considerados inservíveis devido ao desgaste e quando não há possibilidade de reaproveitamento para uso veicular e nem para processos de reforma. Entretanto, preservam propriedades físicas com potencial de aproveitamento na engenharia civil. Nos últimos anos surgiram várias iniciativas no Brasil, desde pesquisas acadêmicas à execução de obras, para a utilização de pneus, sobretudo em pavimentação asfáltica e aterros reforçados. Este trabalho analisa outras alternativas de aplicação de pneus inservíveis em obras geotécnicas e rodoviárias. Apresenta a caracterização dos pneus, suas propriedades físicas, parâmetros geotécnicos e geomecânicos e são realizadas análises paramétricas para cada tipo de aplicação estudada, isto é, muros de gravidade, reforço do subleito de pavimentos e aterros leves.
The Resolution nº 258/99 of the Brazilian Council for the Environment - CONAMA, in vigour since January of 2002, compels the environmentaly correct destination of scrap tires. The tires are considered used when there is no possibility of vehicle utilization or renew process. However, they preserve physical properties with potential of utilization in civil engineering. In the last years, for instance, several options were considered in Brazil, from academic researches to the execution of works, particularly in the asphalt paving industry and in reinforced embankments. This work analyzes anothers alternatives for scrap tires in geotechnical and transportation applications. It presents the characterization of tires, their physical properties and geotechnical and geomechanics parameters. It also presents parametric analyses carried out for each type of studied application, that is, gravity walls, reinforcement of road subgrades and lightweigth fill for road embankment.
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Wasniak, Daniel L. "Subgrade and base variability on the Ohio SHRP test road." Ohio : Ohio University, 1999. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1175276775.

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Parker, John Wesley. "Evaluation of Laboratory Durability Tests for Stabilized Subgrade Soils." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2393.pdf.

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Rasul, Jabar. "Investigating the use of stabilized subgrade soils for road pavements in Kurdistan." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6819/.

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Road pavement design in Kurdistan is based on ASSHTO 1993. However, it seems not to be entirely satisfactory since it is unable to take full account of properties of local soils or those which have been stabilised. To address this, a design procedure applicable to different material and environmental conditions was developed. The associated research consisted of a suite of laboratory experiment allied to the development of a finite element model. The laboratory work was undertaken on three types of subgrade soils found in Kurdistan to determine their permanent deformation behaviour, UCS and resilient modulus for a range of moisture contents. The experimental investigation considered soils stabilised with 2%, 4% cement content and a combination of cement and lime with 2% cement plus 1.5% lime and 4% cement and 1.5% lime. The results were used to develop empirical equations to: (i) predict resilient modulus values of deteriorated modified soils as a function of different stabiliser contents and types; (ii) correlate resilient modulus values of soils with their UCS and stress state; (iii) determine the accumulation of permanent deformation in modified subgrade soils subject to weathering. These relationships, together with the developed finite element model were used to establish the design procedure.
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Gu, Huanda. "Environmental Geotechnical Approach on the Application of Ferrum-Series Lime Stabilized Soils to Road Base and Subgrade." Kyoto University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/182351.

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Mao, Baimin. "Predicting resilient modulus of highway subgrade soils in Ohio." Ohio : Ohio University, 1995. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1179257407.

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Saarenketo, T. (Timo). "Electrical properties of road materials and subgrade soils and the use of Ground Penetrating Radar in traffic infrastructure surveys." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514282221.

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Abstract This PhD thesis is composed of a synopsis and five published papers that are focused on both the research results of studies on electrical properties of road materials and subgrade soils and their seasonal changes and the use of Ground Penetrating Radar technique in traffic infrastructure surveys. The data for this survey was collected mainly in Finland, Texas, Scotland and Sweden and thus presents many kinds of road materials, subgrade soils and climate conditions. The synopsis of this work begins with a presentation of the theory and basic principles of GPR techniques. Special attention is given to the dielectric properties and seasonal changes of unbound road materials and subgrade soils. The synopsis also presents different kinds of GPR hardware systems as well as recommendations and experiences from different data collection, processing and interpretation techniques. Special attention is given to a method whereby GPR data is integrated with other road survey data and then analysed using a number of structural diagnostic methods. Finally, the synopsis provides an overview of of the various GPR applications on roads and streets, bridges, railways and airports. The laboratory test results presented in this work show that the relationship between dielectric value and increasing water content is not linear or exponential but more likely a series of logarithmic functions. Laboratory results also showed that dielectric dispersion, which can be related to poorly performing subgrade soils and road aggregates, takes place mainly in loosely bound adsorption water and capillary water layer. As such these moisture sensitive problem materials can also be identified during the dry summer seasons when they are stiff. Dielectric value and electrical conductivity can also be related to other technical properties of road materials and subgrade soils such as frost susceptibility, shear strength, plastic limit, compaction degree and voids content. Laboratory tests and field data collected using the Percostation technique also demonstrate that a knowledge of seasonal changes and thermodynamics is very important in understanding and modelling the mechanical behaviour of road structures. Finally, laboratory and field tests indicate that colloids have an important role in the failure mechanism of the road materials. This research demonstrates that the GPR technique not only gives valuable structural information on the different types of structures and subgrade soils but it provides a wide range of information of the electrical properties of the materials under survey which can be further related to their mechanical performance. The best information will be gained if GPR data is analysed together with other non destructive testing data collected form the roads, railways and airports.
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Vizcarra, S., S. Vizcarra, I. Lujan, M. Soto, and G. Durán. "Experimental analysis of the addition of rice husk ash to the clayey subgrade of a road stabilized with lime." Institute of Physics Publishing, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/651791.

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There are many studies about how the addition of lime and rice husk ash (RHA) gives the soil a better mechanical behavior, particularly on clayey soils, where usually fine particles reach more than 75%. However, the soils with a small presence of fine particles (59-60%) do not have much research. This analysis evaluates the influence that RHA has on this kind of soil stabilized with 3% of lime. After the initial mix of soil-lime, CBR increased 11.2 times its initial value; within the addition of the ash, the CBR averaged between 45-50% up until 28% of RHA was added, where the results decreased considerably. Soil workability improved and the specimens with more ash resulted in a more granular material, with a group index value 0 following the AASHTO standards. The greatest CBR record was obtained with the specimen of 16% RHA, 3% lime and soil, reaching a 51.3% CBR, 1.58g/cm3 of MDD and 16.5% of OMC. Yet, it only showed a 1.55% more resistance than the lime-soil specimen. The CBR with more presence of RHA tends to decrease its value, therefore for silica-rich clayey soils, the addition of lime by itself should be enough for an adequate performance.
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Berti, Carolina. "Avaliação da capacidade de suporte de solos "in situ" em obras viarias atraves do Cone de Penetração Dinamica : estudo experimental." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258212.

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Orientador: Cassio Eduardo Lima de Paiva
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T16:48:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Berti_Carolina_M.pdf: 4127695 bytes, checksum: f8e52fd73231b7c47f0a12b5c7e759cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Resumo: Esta pesquisa procurou estabelecer uma correlação entre os valores de capacidade de suporte resultantes dos ensaios CBR (Califórnia Bearing Ratio) versus DCP (Dynamic Cone Penetrometer), realizados com o solo proveniente de vias não-pavimentadas dentro do Campus da UNICAMP, situado em Campinas, São Paulo. O Cone de Penetração Dinâmica (DCP) é caracterizado como um equipamento simples, portátil e de baixo custo, cujo ensaio revela ser praticamente não-destrutivo. Com ele é possível determinar o perfil de resistência de camadas de solo compactadas ou em seu estado natural, controlar a execução de obras viárias e avaliar estruturas de pavimentos. Uma investigação do solo através de ensaios DCP e CBR conduziu ao desenvolvimento de modelos de regressão, correlacionando a capacidade de suporte obtida através de ensaios ¿in situ¿ com o auxílio do DCP, e ensaios de laboratório utilizando o ensaio de CBR e DCP. Através das informações contidas na literatura técnica, dos procedimentos experimentais efetuados e das análises de regressão realizadas, ficou evidenciado o relacionamento entre o DCP e o CBR, validando as correlações estabelecidas e propondo modelos próprios, aumentando a confiabilidade dos resultados dos ensaios DCP para avaliação da capacidade de suporte de solos
Abstract: This research establishes a correlation among the strength or supporting values of the tests: CBR (California Bearing Ratio) versus DCP (Dynamic Cone Penetrometer), accomplished with the soil originating from no-paved roads inside of the Campus of UNICAMP. The Cone of Dynamic Penetration (DCP) it is characterized as an equipment simple, portable and of low cost, whose tests reveals to be practically no-destructive. DCP test determines the profile of resistance of soil layers compacted or in your natural state, to control the execution of road buildings and to evaluate structures of pavements. An investigation of the soil through DCP and CBR tests led to the development of regression models, correlating the strength measures obtained through in-situ tests with the aid of DCP and laboratory tests using the CBR and DCP. Through the information contained in the technical literature, of the made experimental procedures and of the regression analyses accomplished, the relationship was evidenced between DCP and CBR, validating the established correlations and proposing own models, increasing the reliability of the results of the DCP tests for determining strength values of soils
Mestrado
Transportes
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
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Books on the topic "Road subgrades"

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Signore, J. M. Accelerated testing of separation layers for open-graded drainage layers. [Edwardsville, Ill.]: Illinois Transportation Research Center, Illinois Dept. of Transportation, 1998.

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Holtz, R. D. Performance of geotextile separators. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 1996.

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Benson, Craig H. Equivalency of crushed rock with industrial by-products and geosynthetic-reinforced aggregates used for working platforms during pavement construction. Madison, WI]: Wisconsin Highway Research Program, 2005.

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Atkins, Harold N. Highway materials, soils, and concretes. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1997.

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Exposition, International Road Federation Conference and. Roads to the 21st century, a key to competitiveness: Proceedings, International Road Federation Conference and Exposition, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, July 3-7, 1994 ; cosponsored by the Transportation Association of Canada = Sur la voie du 21e siècle, les routes, élément clé de la compétitivité : compte rendu, Congrès et exposition de la Fédération routière internationale, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 3-7 juillet 1994 ; coparrainée par l'Association des transports du Canada. Ottawa: Transportation Association of Canada, 1994.

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Feng, Aiwen. Flexible pavement drainage monitoring, performance and stability. West Lafayette, Ind: Purdue University, [Joint Transportation Research Program, 1999.

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Quintus, H. L. Von. Analyses relating to pavement material characterizations and their effects on pavement performance. McLean, VA: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Research and Development, Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, 1998.

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Hall, Kathleen T. Effects of subsurface drainage on pavement performance: Analysis of the SPS-1 and SPS-2 field sections. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, 2007.

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Crovetti, James A. Comprehensive subgrade deflection acceptance criteria. Madison, WI: Wisconsin Dept. of Transportation, Division of Transportation Infrastructure Development, Bureau of Highway Construction, Technology Advancement Unit, 2001.

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Laguros, Joakim G. Stabilization of existing subgrades to improve constructibility during interstate pavement reconstruction. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Road subgrades"

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Ansari, Abdullah, Prashant B. Daigavane, Shahrukhakhan Pathan, Naseer Shaikh, and Firoj Shaikh. "Use of Geotextiles in Roads Over Weak Subgrades." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 365–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6466-0_34.

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Gonawala, Radha J., Rakesh Kumar, and Krupesh A. Chauhan. "Stabilization of Expansive Soil with Corex Slag and Lime for Road Subgrade." In Recent Advancements on Expansive Soils, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01914-3_1.

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Hlaing, Aye Thida, Htoo Htoo, and Yutaka Ohsawa. "Efficient Reverse kNN Query Algorithm on Road Network Distances Using Partitioned Subgraphs." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 212–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12256-4_22.

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Harinder, D., and S. Shankar. "Evaluation of Coir Geotextile Mats to Enhance the Poor Subgrade Under Repeated Load for Low-Volume Roads." In Learning and Analytics in Intelligent Systems, 80–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24314-2_12.

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"road subgrade." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1128. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_182695.

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Olds, Roger J. "Roads & subgrades." In Engineering Geology of Melbourne, 379–84. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203757413-43.

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"subgrade of the/a road." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1338. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_198543.

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Kleyn, E. G., J. H. Maree, and P. F. Savage. "The application of a portable pavement dynamic cone penetrometer to determine in situ bearing properties of road pavement layers and subgrades in South Africa." In Penetration Testing, 277–82. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203743959-45.

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"Subgrade soils." In Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields, Two Volume Set, 821–22. CRC Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203865286-96.

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"subgrade [n] of a road/path [US]." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Landscape and Urban Planning, 991. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76435-9_14143.

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Conference papers on the topic "Road subgrades"

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Šiukšcius, Aurimas, Viktoras Vorobjovas, and Audrius Vaitkus. "Geogrid Reinforced Subgrade Influence to Ensure Paved Road Durability." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.148.

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Geosynthetic materials are more and more often used for subgrade reinforcement and/or stabilisation. Geosynthetic reinforcement products used for paved and unpaved roads or traffic areas function on the basis of two mechanisms that contribute to their performance. Shear loads developing in unbound granular layers as a result of traffic loading are transmitted from the base aggregate to the geosynthetic as a result of frictional interaction or via the so called interlocking effect. Depending on the geosynthetic material properties load absorption functions on the basis of frictional interaction and the membrane effect. This study indicates how these two load absorbing mechanisms, depending on the geosynthetic material properties, correspond to the regulations for use of geosynthetics for road embankments and subgrades and harmonised European standards that are valid in Lithuania. It also presents the corrections and additions to improve the existing regulations for use of geosynthetics for road embankments and subgrades to ensure a better paved road durability.
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Zaytsev, Andrey, Andrei Petriaev, and Laura Černiauskaite. "Track structure reconstruction practice for the subgrade on weak foundation soil." In Fifth International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2018.972.

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Šedina, Jakub, Jan Valentin, and Petr Mondschein. "Subgrade treated by alternative technologies based on fly ash from fluidized combustion." In Fifth International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2018.877.

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Davis, David D., and Steven M. Chrismer. "Track Differential Settlement Model." In ASME/IEEE 2007 Joint Rail Conference and Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc/ice2007-40072.

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A study of track settlement behavior at critical transitions such as road crossings and bridge approaches has yielded a model to predict the amount of differential track settlement at these transitions caused by ballast and subgrade deformation. This AAR ballast and subgrade deformation model has been developed from field and laboratory test data, and has been validated with field settlement measurements at bridge approaches where the ballast and subgrade properties were well documented. As an analytical tool the model can determine the rate of track differential settlement at transitions with traffic loading and to predict when tamping is required to correct track geometry. Also the model can determine the relative amount of deformation from the individual ballast and subgrade layers. These capabilities provide a means to assess whether the main source of deformation is the subgrade or the ballast and the best means to reduce differential settlement and decrease the frequency of tamping at these track transitions.
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Hao, Wei, Zhengqi Zhang, Dongsheng Chen, and Jianping Zhu. "Numerical Simulation of Humidity Distribution in Levee Road Subgrade." In 5th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Transportation. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccet-15.2015.371.

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Da Yan, J. Cheng, W. Ng, and S. Liu. "Finding distance-preserving subgraphs in large road networks." In 2013 29th IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icde.2013.6544861.

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Huang, Qinlong, Zhuang Yang, Chuanjing Yang, and Xiao Zhang. "Structural Response of Asphalt Pavement under the Coupling Effect of Subgrade Permanent Deformation and Vehicle Load." In 2015 International Symposium on Frontiers of Road and Airport Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784414255.019.

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Xue, Jiao, Xiangyu Liu, Xiaochun Yang, and Bin Wang. "Protecting Location Privacy Using Cloaking Subgraphs on Road Network." In 2010 7th Web Information Systems and Applications Conference (WISA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wisa.2010.38.

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Xie, Yujian. "Construction Technology for Pavement and Subgrade of Settlement Road and Bridge." In 2016 International Conference on Civil, Transportation and Environment. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccte-16.2016.31.

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Kuras, O., P. I. Meldrum, D. Beamish, and R. D. Ogilvy. "Non-Invasive Characterisation of Road Subgrade with Towed-Array Capacitive Resistivity Imaging." In Near Surface 2004 - 10th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.10.a019.

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Reports on the topic "Road subgrades"

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Qamhia, Issam, Erol Tutumluer, and Han Wang. Aggregate Subgrade Improvements Using Quarry By-products: A Field Investigation. Illinois Center for Transportation, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-017.

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This report presents a case study for constructing aggregate subgrade improvement (ASI) layers using quarry by-product aggregates (QBA), a quarry mix of large primary crushed rocks (PCR) and sand-sized quarry fines. The construction took place at Larry Power Road in Bourbonnais Township in Kankakee County, Illinois, where the Illinois Department of Transportation placed two QBA mixes. The first mix (QBA_M1) consisted of 45% quarry by-products and 55% railroad ballast–sized 3×1 PCR. The second mix (QBA_M2) consisted of 31% and 69% quarry by-products and PCR, respectively. Two conventional ASI sections were also constructed conforming to Illinois Department of Transportation’s CS02 gradation. All sections consisted of a 9 in. (229 mm) QBA/PCR layer topped with a 3 in. (76 mm) dense-graded capping layer. Laboratory studies preceded the construction to recommend optimum quarry by-product content in the QBA materials and construction practice. The Illinois Center for Transportation research team monitored the quality and uniformity of the construction using nondestructive testing techniques such as dynamic cone penetrometer, lightweight deflectometer, and falling weight deflectometer. The segregation potential was monitored by visual inspection and imaging-based techniques. Short-term field evaluation of the constructed QBA layers, particularly QBA_M2 with a 31% quarry by-product content, showed no evidence of abnormal segregation and did not jeopardize the structural integrity of the QBA ASI layers, which had slightly lower but comparable strength and stiffness profiles to the conventional ASI sections. The use of QBA materials in ASI was field validated as a sustainable construction practice to provide stable pavement foundation layers.
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