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1

Çıbuk, Musa. "Reducing Energy Consumption in Single-Hop and Multi-Hop Topologies of Road Lighting Communication Network." Light & Engineering, no. 04-2020 (August 2020): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2020-027.

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This study aims to make the wireless sensor network based on a linear topology required in road lighting energy-efficient using the proposed new methods. Because the physical installation of road lighting systems will result in costliness and time-labour loss, the mentioned scenarios were created and analysed in a simulation design. Two new methods were proposed to organize the lighting system more quickly and to increase the speed performance of sensors that join the network and carrying the luminaire data. This is the proxy-based network connection method and a new time-division method for t
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Uchida, T., and Y. Ohno. "Simplified field measurement methods for the CIE mesopic photometry system." Lighting Research & Technology 49, no. 6 (2016): 774–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153516643571.

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For implementation of the mesopic photometry system in CIE 191:2010 to outdoor lighting, two simplified methods to measure the mesopic luminance are proposed. One of the methods, named the Adaptation Spectral Power Distribution) method, assumes that the spectral power distributions (SPDs) of reflected light at test points on the road surface are the same as that of the adaptation field. Another method, named the Source SPD method, assumes that the reflected light SPDs are equal to the SPD of the light source. Error simulations with a real road surface spectral reflectance dataset show that the
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Leccese, Francesco, Davide Lista, Giacomo Salvadori, Marco Beccali, and Marina Bonomolo. "Space Syntax Analysis Applied to Urban Street Lighting: Relations between Spatial Properties and Lighting Levels." Applied Sciences 9, no. 16 (2019): 3331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9163331.

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According to the international technical standards, higher lighting levels (luminance and illuminance levels) are expected in trafficked and central roads (where restrictive minimum lighting requirements are necessary) and lower lighting levels are expected in peripheral and less trafficked roads. Starting from this assumption, in this paper, the authors analyse the correlations between spatial properties (expressed by spatial indicators, for example, the integration index and the choice index) and lighting levels (expressed by lighting parameters, for example luminance and illuminance) upon r
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Makinde, O. O., and J. E. Ben-Edigbe. "Effect of Night-time Rainfall on Traffic Stream Deterioration of Roads without Light." Open Transportation Journal 13, no. 1 (2019): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874447801913010084.

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Background: This paper fills an important gap in the on-going road lighting debate by investigating traffic stream deterioration during night-time rainfall. Introduction: The study carried out an investigation into the impact of night-time rainfall on traffic stream deterioration of two-lane roadways without lighting Methodology: In the rainfall impact studies, traffic volume, speed, vehicle type and headway data were collected at selected road segments in Akure, Nigeria. All surveyed roadways were within rain gauge catchment area of about 1km. Rainfall intensity was divided into three groups
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Prof. Sathish. "Assessment of Environmental and Energy Performance Criteria for Street Lighting Tenders using Decision Support System." June 2020 2, no. 2 (2020): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jei.2020.2.001.

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Ineffective policies, missing technical information, large volumes of inappropriate luminaires, malpractice and several such reasons act as a hinderance for the adoption of LEDs in road lighting design despite being the most efficient sources of light. In national roads, the decision makers are sometimes confused by the low efficacy values of the luminaires. The tools for lighting simulation and projects in street lights require several energy performance indicators as described in EN13201-5 which is a novel system. This paper presents an optimal evaluation technique that involves the environm
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Li, Yang, Marvin Knöchelmann, and Roland Lachmayer. "Beam Pre-Shaping Methods Using Lenslet Arrays for Area-Based High-Resolution Vehicle Headlamp Systems." Applied Sciences 10, no. 13 (2020): 4569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10134569.

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High-resolution light distributions are lately in demand for vehicle headlamp systems as an innovative lighting approach. This lighting approach can realize functionalities, such as precise glare avoidance and on-road projection, which are useful for improving traffic comfort and safety. For achieving the required high-resolution light distribution, area-based projection technologies, such as DMD, LCD, and LCoS, are considered to be integrated into such headlamps. These projection devices demand rectangular illumination areas with specific light distributions to fulfill the requirements for il
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Scorpio, Michelangelo, Roberta Laffi, Massimiliano Masullo, et al. "Virtual Reality for Smart Urban Lighting Design: Review, Applications and Opportunities." Energies 13, no. 15 (2020): 3809. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153809.

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More and more cities are evolving into smart cities, increasing their attractiveness, energy efficiency, and users’ satisfaction. Lighting systems play an important role in the evolution process, thanks to their ability to affect city life at night along with people’s mood and behaviour. In this scenario, advanced lighting design methods such as virtual reality (VR) became essential to assess lighting systems from different points of view, especially those linked with the city users’ expectations. Initially, the review highlights a list of objective and subjective parameters to be considered f
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Kayakuş, M., and IS Üncü. "Research Note: The measurement of road lighting with developed artificial intelligence software." Lighting Research & Technology 51, no. 6 (2019): 969–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153519825564.

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Road lighting needs to be measured at regular time intervals. In this way, new road lighting projects can be controlled in compliance with the specifications, and existing road lighting luminaires that are damaged or of reduced efficiency can be identified and replaced. Today, lighting measurements are mostly made by using hardware tools that make point measurements. The use of this method requires expert staff, money and time. In this pilot study, artificial intelligence and web-based software were developed to make road lighting measurements using photographs of roads. For this purpose, refe
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Ernst, Sebastian, Marek Łabuz, Kamila Środa, and Leszek Kotulski. "Graph-Based Spatial Data Processing and Analysis for More Efficient Road Lighting Design." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (2018): 3850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10113850.

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The efficiency and affordability of modern street lighting equipment are improving quickly, but systems used to manage and design lighting installations seem to lag behind. One of their problems is the lack of consistent methods to integrate all relevant data. Tools used to manage lighting infrastructure are not aware of the geographic characteristics of the lit areas, and photometric calculation software requires a lot of manual editing by the designer, who needs to assess the characteristics of roads, define the segments, and assign the lighting classes according to standards. In this paper,
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Bhandari, Sahadev Bahadur, and Dimitrios Nalmpantis. "Application of Various Multiple Criteria Analysis Methods for the Evaluation of Rural Road Projects." Open Transportation Journal 12, no. 1 (2018): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874447801812010057.

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Introduction:Ex-ante evaluation of rural road projects is important for proper utilisation of scarce financial resources. In recent years, several multiple criteria analysis methods have been applied for the evaluation of transportation projects.Methods:Here we compare three multi-criteria methods (i.e. TOPSIS, MOORA, and PROMETHEE) in ranking rural roads. The criteria and weightage were identified with an expert questionnaire survey and the decision matrix was obtained from a field survey of four rural roads of Nepal. These data demonstrate the successful application of various multi-criteria
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11

Gábrová, Lenka, Michaela Hlásková, and František Vajkay. "Comparative Evaluation of Daylighting Simulation Programs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 824 (January 2016): 732–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.824.732.

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Daylighting simulation programs use different methods and algorithms for illuminance calculations in buildings. It is widely known that results of different lighting simulation programs does not have to be the same for two or more identical rooms. Hence CIE issued Technical Report 171: 2006 which presents test cases to assess the accuracy of lighting computer programs. However, these test cases are simple and the accuracy of daylighting computer programs can be different for more complex cases. The purpose of this paper is a comparison of differences in the results computed by various daylight
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Cafiso, Salvatore, and Giacomo Di Silvestro. "Evaluation of Safety Identification Methods for Low-Volume Roads Using Monte Carlo Simulation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2203, no. 1 (2011): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2203-14.

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13

Kolesnyk, A. "Optical System for Led Luminaire." Metrology and instruments, no. 4 (September 7, 2019): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(4)2019.62-67.

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Lighting devices are an important element of a large number of technical systems, including road, living, industrial lighting, lighting systems of vehicles. It is known that the light instrument must fulfill two basic lighting tasks: to redistribute the light source of light source in the right way and to limit its dazzling effect. The introduction of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for lighting necessitated a completely new quality in the construction of luminaires. The different production technology required new methods and designing tools. It also challenged designers with new problems to sol
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Talapka, Jozef, Ján Hlubík, Patrik Kamencay, and Róbert Hudec. "3D Modelling, Animation and Simulation of Mammal’s Migration Across Roads." Civil and Environmental Engineering 12, no. 1 (2016): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cee-2016-0004.

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Abstract The presented article is dealing with the new methods which are designated for data collection of mammals migrating across traffic networks. Nowadays, road construction and securing of older roads is usually accompanied by finding new solutions. Because of lack of collected data we have new opportunities how we can collect this input. The article below describes the most efficient method which is suitable for the model creation, process of creation and issues which are connected with the creation of simulations.
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15

Campos, Carlos, João Miguel Leitão, and António Fernando Coelho. "Procedural Generation of Road Paths for Driving Simulation." International Journal of Creative Interfaces and Computer Graphics 6, no. 2 (2015): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcicg.2015070103.

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Virtual environments for driving simulation aimed to scientific purposes require realistic three-dimensional models of roads. The creation of road models for these purposes, is usually preceded by the design of road paths which fulfill all the desired specific characteristics. Traditionally, the design of road paths is performed by road engineering specialists, resulting in a very time-consuming task. This paper presents a method that allows the procedural generation of road paths aimed to driving simulation experiments (e.g., ergonomics, psychology and traffic engineering). This method is ins
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Junlin, Zong, and Zhang Longwei. "Multi objective optimization of window to wall ratio of University Gymnasium in severe cold area by coupling natural lighting and energy consumption." E3S Web of Conferences 293 (2021): 02044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129302044.

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Objective To explore the relationship between window opening ratio and natural lighting and energy consumption of University Gymnasiums in severe cold area, and put forward optimization strategies. Methods Digital simulation technology was used to simulate the energy consumption and natural lighting of University Gymnasium window opening ratio, and the window opening scheme with natural lighting and low energy consumption was obtained. Conclusion The side window lighting should be used in the window opening scheme of small and medium-sized university gymnasiums. Within the range of experimenta
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17

Toktakunov, T., K. T. Osmonov, and A. B. Chopoev. "SIMULATION SIMULATIONS OF CAPACITY-RAISING IN ROAD SECTIONS WITH REGULATED INTERSECTIONS." Herald of KSUCTA n a N Isanov, no. 1-2020 (April 6, 2020): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35803/1694-5298.2020.1.15-23.

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On sections of roads in Bishkek with regulated intersections, the task of improving the capacity of vehicles with the condition of preventing traffic accidents is being explored. The method of combining methods of experience, mathematical modeling and simulation using the AnyLogic package is offered.
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18

Andadari, Tri Susetyo, LMF Purwanto, Prasasto Satwiko, and Ridwan Sanjaya. "KOMPARASI PENCAHAYAAN BOOTH DENGAN METODE PERHITUNGAN MANUAL DAN SIMULASI RELUX DESKTOP 2020.2.3.0." LANGKAU BETANG: JURNAL ARSITEKTUR 8, no. 1 (2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/lantang.v8i1.43746.

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Sistem perhitungan pencahayaan penting untuk mengetahui jumlah dan tipe armatur, tingkat efektifitas kuat penerangan pada bidang kerja, serta untuk mengetahui besarnya pemakaian energi listrik pada suatu ruangan. Sistem perhitungan pencahayaan bisa dilakukan secara manual atau dengan simulasi menggunakan software pencahayaan. Kedua metode tersebut, menjadi alternatif pilihan bagi arsitek dalam mendapatkan formula pencahayaan buatan untuk desainnya. Namun permasalahannya adalah bagaimanakah perbandingan ketepatan kedua metode tersebut? Bagaimanakah hasil kedua metode tersebut terhadap standar y
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19

Rooney-Varga, Juliette N., Florian Kapmeier, John D. Sterman, Andrew P. Jones, Michele Putko, and Kenneth Rath. "The Climate Action Simulation." Simulation & Gaming 51, no. 2 (2019): 114–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046878119890643.

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Background. We describe and provide an initial evaluation of the Climate Action Simulation, a simulation-based role-playing game that enables participants to learn for themselves about the response of the climate-energy system to potential policies and actions. Participants gain an understanding of the scale and urgency of climate action, the impact of different policies and actions, and the dynamics and interactions of different policy choices. Intervention. The Climate Action Simulation combines an interactive computer model, En-ROADS, with a role-play in which participants make decisions ab
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20

Dong, Li-Li, Qi Lou, Peng Liu, and Wen-Hai Xu. "The Impact of LED Colour Rendering on Reaction Time of Human Eyes in Tunnel Interior Zone." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (August 26, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6987673.

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The long reaction time of human eyes will increase the probability of traffic accidents in tunnels which can be reduced by improving lighting conditions. In recent years, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have replaced the traditional lighting source in a tunnel. Colour rendering index 2012 (CRI2012, a colour rendering evaluation index) is the most suitable evaluation method for colour rendering of LEDs. In order to study the impact of colour rendering of LEDs on the reaction time of human eyes, a driving simulation environment was designed. First, three CCTs (correlated colour temperatures), four
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Kim, Kwang-Hoon, and Gon Kim. "Using Simulation-Based Modeling to Evaluate Light Trespass in the Design Stage of Sports Facilities." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (2021): 4725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094725.

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Artificial light is a pollutant with broad implications for society. Consequently, laws and regulations aimed at curbing the improper use of artificial lighting (i.e., light pollution) are becoming common. For such laws to become effective, light pollution must first be evaluated and quantified. Current methods for evaluating lit environments in sports facilities are only applicable after the facilities have been built, making it challenging to prevent light pollution preemptively. Here, a technique to predict light pollution during the planning stage is proposed. To analyze the upward light g
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Rakutko, S. A., and E. N. Rakutko. "Simulation and Numerical Analysis of Energy-and-Ecological Compatibility of Indoor Plant Lighting." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 13, no. 3 (2019): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/20737599-2019-13-3-11-17.

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To develop the theory and practice of operation procedures in a greenhouse, a mathematical model of indoor plant lighting is required. (Research purpose) Development of a simulation and analysis technique of energy-and-ecological compatibility of indoor plant lighting. (Materials and methods) The authors experimentally verifi ed the proposed technique for the indoor plant lighting of tomato seedlings grown under laboratory conditions with controlled environmental parameters. An irradiator consisting of a LED matrix with secondary optics and a driver was used. The photoperiod amounted to 16 hou
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Jettanasen, Chaiyan, and Atthapol Ngaopitakkul. "Characteristics and Effects of Conducted Emission from Grid-Connected and Stand-Alone Micro-Inverters in a Nano-Grid Road Lighting System." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (2019): 5690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205690.

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A road lighting system is important for drivers and uses a lot of energy. The road lighting system must be installed throughout roads which have a long distance and a large volume, which causes power loss in the power transmission line. The concept of combining a power generation system by using a solar power system and a road lighting system is presented to solve this problem; it is called “a nano-grid road lighting system”. The nano-grid system consists of a grid-connected system and a stand-alone system and both systems use micro-inverters to convert the electric power for LED luminaire loa
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Baran, Krzysztof, Antoni Różowicz, Henryk Wachta, and Sebastian Różowicz. "Modeling of Selected Lighting Parameters of LED Panel." Energies 13, no. 14 (2020): 3583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143583.

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Semiconductor light sources are currently the fastest growing and most energy efficient group of light sources used in lighting technology. Their lighting parameters, such as luminous flux, correlated color temperature and color rendering index depend on the value of the forward current, as well as the temperature of the junction. LED source manufacturers usually specify, in data sheets, the effect of junction temperature and forward current on the luminous flux for individual light sources. The difficulty, however, is the correct determination of temperature and then lighting parameters, by s
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Wei, Yu Cong, and Wei Long. "Research on Fan Warning Model for Curved Roads on Highways Based on Millimeter Wave Radar." Applied Mechanics and Materials 734 (February 2015): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.734.183.

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For the phenomenon that false alarms, leak alarms frequently occur in existing methods for highway warning, a fan warning model for curved roads is proposed based on millimeter wave radar, the establishing method of the model is introduced, the related parameters of the model are determined, the concept of driving safety margin is put forward, a graded early warning mechanism is established based on driving safety margin, the early warning methods and the critical points to enable these methods are given. The simulation results show that the fan warning model for curved roads can effectively r
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Shibuya, Shuetsu, Takashi Nakatsuji, Takashi Fujiwara, and Eiji Matsuyama. "Traffic Control at Flagger-Operated Work Zones on Two-Lane Roads." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1529, no. 1 (1996): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196152900101.

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To clarify the traffic flow characteristics and the signal timings at work zones controlled by flaggers, traffic flows at some work zones were measured. Using the measurement data a computer simulation program based on the microscopic traffic flow model was developed. The simulation results were in accordance with the measured results. Using the simulation program traffic behavior was analyzed for various work-zone conditions under the assumption that no heavy vehicles were mixed with the traffic. First, the delay characteristics at short work zones less than 200 m long were investigated. The
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Agrawal, Deepak, Rajneesh Kumar Karn, Deepak Verma, and Rakeshwri Agrawal. "Modelling and Simulation of Integrated Topology of DC/DC converter for LED Driver Circuit." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS 11 (May 7, 2020): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232017.2020.11.3.

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With the increase in technological advancements and impetus to work for the reduction of electrical energy consumption among different types of consumers, there is a primary need to take into account all forms of energy efficiency improvement methods available for electric and electronic equipment been used. It has been noticed that in commercial lighting, in terms of efficiency light-lamps based on light-emitting diodes(LEDs) are far better as compared to those where traditional high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps which are still in use in major underdeveloped and developing areas worldwide in s
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Wong, Man Kiat, Tee Connie, Michael Kah Ong Goh, Li Pei Wong, Pin Shen Teh, and Ai Ling Choo. "A visual approach towards forward collision warning for autonomous vehicles on Malaysian public roads." F1000Research 10 (September 16, 2021): 928. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.72897.1.

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Background: Autonomous vehicles are important in smart transportation. Although exciting progress has been made, it remains challenging to design a safety mechanism for autonomous vehicles despite uncertainties and obstacles that occur dynamically on the road. Collision detection and avoidance are indispensable for a reliable decision-making module in autonomous driving. Methods: This study presents a robust approach for forward collision warning using vision data for autonomous vehicles on Malaysian public roads. The proposed architecture combines environment perception and lane localization
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Bayneva, I. I., and N. S. Komarov. "STUDY OF OPTICS FOR LED LIGHT DEVICES AND METHODS OF ITS COMPUTER MODELING." Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, no. 279 (June 2020): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/hb.2020.06.pp.027-031.

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The article discusses optical systems for LED lighting devices, the principles of the propagation of rays in lenses of various designs. Analyzed the features of the secondary use of the optical elements in the form of lenses and prisms for different LED emission patterns in space. Considered the features and problems of calculation of the secondary optical systems. Problems and prospects of application are considered, research and computer modeling of optics, which is used to form the required light distribution in LED light devices. Computer modeling technologies and the mathematical methods
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Bayneva, I. I., and N. S. Komarov. "STUDY OF OPTICS FOR LED LIGHT DEVICES AND METHODS OF ITS COMPUTER MODELING." Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, no. 279 (June 2020): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/hb.2020.06.pp.027-031.

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The article discusses optical systems for LED lighting devices, the principles of the propagation of rays in lenses of various designs. Analyzed the features of the secondary use of the optical elements in the form of lenses and prisms for different LED emission patterns in space. Considered the features and problems of calculation of the secondary optical systems. Problems and prospects of application are considered, research and computer modeling of optics, which is used to form the required light distribution in LED light devices. Computer modeling technologies and the mathematical methods
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Bangali, Jayashri Aniket. "Discomfort Glare Evaluation using DIALux Lighting Simulation software and using developed Python Program model." International Journal of Sustainable Lighting 20, no. 2 (2018): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26607/ijsl.v20i2.85.

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Glare is a visual sensation caused by excessive brightness. It is subjective and person dependent. So, it is very difficult to measure glare factor accurately. Glare can be disabling or uncomfortable. Disability glare is the reduction in vision caused by bright light sources and it can be increased with the age of a person. Discomfort glare is a sensation of irritation due to bright light sources. There are various methods to evaluate discomfort glare. These methods are discussed in this paper.
 This paper mainly focuses on two methods of discomfort glare evaluation; Unified Glare Rating
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Qin, Xiaochun, Qingchao Wei, Lianjun Wang, and Yi Shen. "Solar Lighting Technologies for Highway Green Rest Areas in China: Energy Saving Economic and Environmental Evaluation." International Journal of Photoenergy 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/926235.

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In this paper, taking Lushan West Sea highway green rest area in Jiangxi Province of China as the case study, the suitable types, applicability, advantages, and effective methods of solar lighting technologies for highway rest area were determined based on the analysis of characteristics of highway green rest area. It was proved that solar lighting technologies including the natural light guidance system, solar LED lighting, and maximizing natural light penetration were quite suitable for highway rest area in terms of lighting effects and energy and economic efficiency. The illuminance compari
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Fotios, S., and M. Johansson. "Appraising the intention of other people: Ecological validity and procedures for investigating effects of lighting for pedestrians." Lighting Research & Technology 51, no. 1 (2017): 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153517737345.

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One of the aims of outdoor lighting in public spaces, such as pathways and subsidiary roads, is to help pedestrians to evaluate the intentions of other people. This paper discusses how a pedestrians' appraisal of another persons' intentions in artificially lit outdoor environments can be studied. We review the visual cues that might be used, and the experimental design with which effects of changes in lighting could be investigated to best resemble the pedestrian experience in artificially lit urban environments. Proposals are made to establish appropriate operationalisation of the identified
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Kanin, Alexander P., Anna N. Kharchenko, and Natalia M. Sokolova. "SUBMISSION OF LEVELS OF SERVICE AT GENERAL ROAD ROUTINE MAINTENANCE." Automobile Roads and Road Construction, no. 109 (2021): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33744/0365-8171-2021-109-011-025.

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The article deals with the problems of substantiation of service levels in long-term maintenance contracts of public roads. It has been established that the requirements for the operating condition of road elements in existing regulatory documents are rather complete, but they are unsystematized, which complicates the process of their processing in order to conclude a long-term contract for maintenance of roads. It has been determined that according to the world experience, the problem of substantiation of service levels should be considered with detail at the level of the individual defect. T
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Ullah, Sami, Muhib Ullah Khan, and Gohar Rehman. "A BRIEF REVIEW OF THE SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS METHODS." Geological Behavior 4, no. 2 (2020): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/gbr.02.2020.73.77.

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One of the most common problem faced by geotechnical engineers is slope stability assessment. The predictions of slope stability in soil or rock masses is very important for the designing of reservoir dams, roads, tunnels, excavations, open pit mines, and other engineering structures. It is the importance of slope stability problem that has reasoned alternate methods for evaluating the safety of a slope. This study reviews the existing methods used for slope stability analysis. These methods are divided into five different groups which are; (a) Limit equilibrium method, (b) Numerical simulatio
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Ma’bdeh and Al-Khatatbeh. "Daylighting Retrofit Methods as a Tool for Enhancing Daylight Provision in Existing Educational Spaces—A Case Study." Buildings 9, no. 7 (2019): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9070159.

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Adequate illuminance has a great effect on the health, comfort, and performance of pupils. It can be achieved by either artificial lighting or daylighting. Daylighting is usually preferred due to psychological, physiological, and economic purposes. This study aims to improve the daylight provision in existing classrooms, by investigating various retrofit methods for passive daylighting techniques in northerly oriented classrooms at Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST). Data for this research are obtained using computer simulation. The retrofit methods are evaluated in terms of il
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Lehmuskoski, Ville, Jarkko Niittymäki, and Björn Silfverberg. "Microscopic Simulation on High-Class Roads: Enhancement of Environmental Analyses and Driving Dynamics: Practical Applications." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1706, no. 1 (2000): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1706-09.

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Traffic is a very complex phenomenon. As the calculation power and capacity of computers have rapidly increased, the possibilities for modeling traffic corresponding better to reality have also increased. A noteworthy method for modeling is microscopic simulation of traffic, which can be used for a variety of needs. In general it can be stated that the interest in microsimulation lies in short-term functional studies rather than in the assessment of long-term needs. The design of concepts for traffic management strategies, especially for main transport corridors and urban traffic systems, cons
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Трофименко, Yuri Trofimenko, Якубович, and A. Yakubovich. "Method for Assessment of Risk of Auto-Roads’ Functionality Loss in Territories of Long-Term (Eternal) Permafrost in Connection with Projected Climatic Changes." Safety in Technosphere 5, no. 5 (2016): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/24148.

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The risk of auto-roads’ functionality loss in the territories of the long-term (eternal) permafrost in connection with predicted climatic changes is estimated on road structure’s reliability value with use of the existing regulating legal documents. The quantitative risk assessment of functionality loss has been carried out by methods of probabilistic and statistical simulation for the main auto-roads in permafrost zone. It has been shown that in the climatic conditions typical for Russia’s cryolithic zone, increase in air temperature by 1 degree causes an essential increase of risk for an aut
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Tijerina, Louis, Steven M. Kiger, Thomas H. Rockwell, and Carina Tornow. "Workload Assessment of IN-CAB Text Message System and Cellular Phone Use by Heavy Vehicle Drivers on the Road." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 17 (1995): 1117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503901711.

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This study assessed the driver workload imposed by a text messaging system and cellular phone on heavy vehicle drivers under various driving conditions. Sixteen (16) professional commercial vehicle operation (CVO) licensed drivers drove an instrumented heavy truck over a 4-hour period on public roads under various conditions of ambient lighting (day or night), traffic density (light or heavy), and road type (divided or undivided). Within driving condition combinations, various levels of text message reading, cellular phone dialing, radio tuning, and communications dialogue were completed by th
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She, Zhong, Fang, Zheng, and Zhou. "Extracting Flooded Roads by Fusing GPS Trajectories and Road Network." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 9 (2019): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8090407.

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Urban roads are the lifeline of urban transportation and satisfy the commuting and travel needs of citizens. Following the acceleration of urbanization and the frequent extreme weather in recent years, urban waterlogging is occurring more than usual in summer and has negative effects on the urban traffic networks. Extracting flooded roads is a critical procedure for improving the resistance ability of roads after urban waterlogging occurs. This paper proposes a flooded road extraction method to extract the flooding degree and the time at which roads become flooded in large urban areas by using
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Asiabanpour, Bahram, Alejandra Estrada, Ricardo Ramirez, and Marisa S. Downey. "Optimizing Natural Light Distribution for Indoor Plant Growth Using PMMA Optical Fiber: Simulation and Empirical Study." Journal of Renewable Energy 2018 (June 3, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9429867.

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Daylighting methods have evolved along with the impetus to reduce the total nonrenewable utility energy consumed by lighting. In general, daylighting systems are an efficient method of delivering light for indoor applications. However, there is little research looking specifically at indoor agriculture applications. Today, optical fibers are commonly used in various applications including imaging, lighting, and sensing. Our study simulated and tested the efficiency of an optical fiber daylighting system in an indoor environment. We tested the illumination performance of optical fibers and spec
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Jin, Hui, and Shijie Li. "Research on Stability Control Based on the Wheel Speed Difference for the AT Vehicles." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/251207.

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This paper utilizes a linear two-degree-of-freedom vehicle model to calculate the nominal value of the vehicle’s nondrive-wheel speed difference and investigates methods of estimating the yaw acceleration and sideslip angular speed. A vehicular dynamic stability control system utilizing this nondrive-wheel speed difference is then developed, which can effectively improve a vehicle’s dynamic stability at a very low cost. Vehicle cornering processes on roads of different frictions and with different vehicle speeds are explored via simulation, with speed control being applied when vehicle speed i
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Sulaksono Wibowo, Sony, and Destri R. M. Nurhalima. "Pedestrian facilities evaluation using Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) for university area: Case of Bandung Institute of Technology." MATEC Web of Conferences 181 (2018): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818102005.

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Promotion of walking activities can be done by applying the concept of walkability through infrastructure improvement of pedestrian facilities. Knowledge of how well a highway can be pedestrian friendly and secure through pedestrian assessment become important. The pedestrian level of service (PLOS) is the most common approach to assessing the quality of pedestrian facility operations. This research evaluated pedestrian facilities by using several PLOS methods. i.e. HCM (2000), Trip Quality (Jazkiewicz, 1999), Gainesville (Dixon, 1996), and Australian (Main Roads WA, 2006), for the case of uni
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Pan, Tong, Xiao Jing Li, Hao Peng Wang, and Kai Zhao. "Research on LAI Retrieving Applied for Virtual Reality Simulation of Vegetation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (December 2012): 1473–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.1473.

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It is the key process for developing usability of virtual reality simulation of vegetation taking into account soil, chemistry elements of water, temperature and humidity of land surface, and lighting. Retrieving the characteristics of vegetation from remote sensing data effectively and exactly, building the relationship between remote sensing data and interfaces of VR-vegetation models are important. The paper discusses dense vegetation model, nondense vegetation model, and two-stream approximation model applied for LAI retrieving, analyzes the efficiency of the methods; presents the process
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Kim, Seok-Hyun, Soo Cho, and Young-Hum Cho. "A Study on the Simulation Result of Horizontal Shading Installation for Passive Cooling of Building South KOREA." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 06052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911106052.

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In South Korea, the evaluation criteria for the shading devices installation are defined by regulations, but the standards of design methods are not clearly established. The installation of shading device is used to solar control in building. It has become mandatory for some public buildings due to revised regulations. Generally this device mean is horizontal shading at upper window. Therefore, a design of horizontal shading device which takes into account the energy consumption of the building is required, and indoor environmental problems which may occur due to the installation of them shoul
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Sari, Dany Perwita, and Pradhana Jati Budhi Laksana. "OPTIMIZATION BUILDING PERFORMANCE IN EARLY DESIGN STAGE USING INTEGRATED DYNAMIC MODEL." MODUL 20, no. 2 (2020): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mdl.20.2.2020.151-156.

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Considering the magnitude of energy loss in building, development of energy saving methods appears to be essential. Daylight plays a significant role in designing energy efficient buildings and improving visual comfort for the occupants. Many daylight analysis methods have been developed in this area. Most of these methods focus on opening maximization. These methods unfortunately might reduce comfort since it causes direct solar glare. There is a need for a reliable lighting simulation model to control the lighting strategy in early stage design. This study proposes a strategy for visualizing
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Vitaly, Baynev, and Fedosin Sergej. "Triangulation grids and hierarchical structures of the models in calculation of LED modules." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.2 (2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.2.9888.

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The paper considers the problem of designing modern lighting devices and optical systems. Analysis of the development of lighting devices shows that the main stage in their development is the calculation of the optical system. The results of this calculation largely determine the lighting and functional characteristics of light devices. The efficiency of existing methods of calculation are not always satisfied of the development. Application and development of specialized software for the calculation and simulation of light devices significantly facilitates and speeds up the process of their d
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Olkhova, Maria. "ROAD STUDS. HISTORY OF ORIGIN. TECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND THE ROLE IN TRAFFIC SAFETY." Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny 1, no. 265 (2021): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33868/0365-8392-2021-1-265-56-63.

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Road studs is dotted devices with retroreflective elements or internal light sources fixed or embedded in the pavement of carriage way and / or on the roadside and by light signals warn, inform or guide road users in conditions of insufficient lighting. Road studs are intended for improving the visual orientation of drivers at dark time of the day and in adverse weather conditions on the highways, streets and roads of settlements. According to statistics, about 50% of all traffic accidents and accidents with fatalities and / or injuries occur on the highways in the dark time (night, morning an
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Pradipta, Edward. "THE ROLE OF REFLECTING SURFACES IN ACHIEVING A DARK AND LUMINOUS EFFECT FOR VIDA BEKASI MARKETING OFFICE’S WORK-RELATED ACTIVITIES." Riset Arsitektur (RISA) 1, no. 1 (2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/risa.v1i1.2278.1-16.

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Abstract- Lighting plays an important role in space formation and supporting activities. The utilization of natural lighting for the sake of saving energy can serve that purpose at noon. In the office, good natural lighting will support effienct use of energy by not using artificial lighting. The particular kind of sunlight that feels comfortable for office use should be the non-direct one which is reflected first. Therefore, the natural lighting design should pay attention to this, from the exterior to the interior elements, especially the reflecting surface providing non-direct sunlight.As o
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Istók, Róbert, and Péter Kádár. "EMC measurement systems and noise suppression methods for led lamps and RF lighting controls." Pollack Periodica 11, no. 3 (2016): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/606.2016.11.3.13.

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