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Journal articles on the topic 'Roadside testing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Alhefeiti, Manal A., James Barker, and Iltaf Shah. "Roadside Drug Testing Approaches." Molecules 26, no. 11 (2021): 3291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113291.

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The purpose of this review is to present an overview of roadside drug testing, driving enforcement, and drunk/drug driving detection around the world. Drunk and drug driving is a severe problem, not only in the UAE, but also around the world. This has important implications for road safety as drunk or drug driving may increase the chances of a driver’s involvement in a road crash when compared to a drug-free driver. Recently, due to increases in drug-impaired drivers’ crash involvement, many mobile roadside drug testing devices have been introduced to the market. These devices use oral fluid,

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Carlin, Michelle. "Forensic Science: Roadside Drug Testing." Measurement and Control 42, no. 10 (2009): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029400904201003.

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Doucette, Mitchell L., Shannon Frattaroli, and Jon S. Vernick. "Oral fluid testing for marijuana intoxication: enhancing objectivity for roadside DUI testing." Injury Prevention 24, no. 1 (2017): 78–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042264.

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Reducing marijuana-impaired driving is an important part of any strategy to prevent motor vehicle traffic injuries. In Colorado, the first of eight US states and the District of Columbia to legalise marijuana for recreational use, drivers with positive tests for the presence of marijuana accounted for a larger proportion of fatal MVCs after marijuana commercialisation. The use of blood tests to screen for marijuana intoxication, in Colorado and elsewhere in the USA, poses a number of challenges. Many high-income countries use oral fluid drug testing (OF) to provide roadside evidence of marijua

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Fostad, Oddmund, and Per Anker Pedersen. "Progeny Testing in Street Trees Subjected to Roadside Soil Pollution." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 24, no. 3 (1998): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1998.016.

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To investigate the relationship of the characteristics of offspring from selected individual urban trees to the fitness of the mother trees, seeds were collected in 1991 and 1992 from Acer platanoides (Norway maple), Aesculus hippocastanum (horsechestnut), and Betula pendula (silver birch) along streets in Oslo center, Norway. Half-sib families of A. platanoides, A. hippocastanum, and B. pendula, numbering 12, 12, and 6, respectively, were grown in the roadside soil or in peat for 2 years (1992 and 1993) with seeds collected the previous year. Seedlings grown in the roadside soil were 64% shor

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Prabhu, Manjeshwar B., Thomas S. Hurst, Donald W. Cockcroft, Catherine Baule, and Jan Semenoff. "Airflow Obstruction and Roadside Breath Alcohol Testing." Chest 100, no. 2 (1991): 585–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.100.2.585.

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Anderson, Levi, Steven Love, James Freeman, and Jeremy Davey. "Hit and miss: a comparison of targeted and randomised roadside drug testing (RDT)." Policing: An International Journal 44, no. 6 (2021): 1154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-07-2021-0090.

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PurposeThis study first aimed to investigate the differences in drug driver detection rates between a trial of randomised and targeted enforcement operations. The second aim was to identify which indicator categories are most commonly used by police to target drug drivers and to assess the effectiveness of targeted drug testing. Finally, this study aimed to quantify what specific indicators and cues (of the overarching categories) triggered their decision to drug test drivers and which indicators were most successful.Design/methodology/approachThis research examined the detection rates in a tr

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Ikhsan, Rachmad, Zoel Fachri, and Teuku Syukri. "Roadside Sweeper Pada Tepi Jalan Raya Menggunakan Motor Listrik DC." J-Innovation 12, no. 1 (2023): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55600/jipa.v12i1.171.

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Roadside sweeper is a tool that can sweep garbage in the form of leaves or small tree branches on the roadside. Roadside sweeper designed to use a DC electric motor as the driving force. This roadside sweeper also uses an emergency button for emergencies such as garbage getting stuck in a shelter which causes the driving motor to stop and stall. After testing the sweeper components and sweeper motor on the frame, it is known that the sweeper components and sweeper motor can function optimally, at a voltage of 12 Volts. From the test results it was also found that with a battery power of 3.5 Ah

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Ricketts, Aidan. "Roadside drug testing: Incoherent policy or uncertainty by design?" Alternative Law Journal 43, no. 1 (2018): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1037969x17748178.

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Roadside drug testing regimes being implemented around Australia have been presented as essential for road safety but are compromised by significant policy incoherence. Prosecution based upon driving impairment has been replaced with prosecution based upon mere detection of a specified substance. The conflation of road safety and prohibition as the jurisprudential rationale for penalty by legislators is producing significant negative side effects for the criminal justice system and for the social legitimacy of the roadside testing process generally. Genuine impairment testing for drivers is im

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Lenne, MichaelG. "Roadside drug testing: unanswered questions and future challenges." Drug and Alcohol Review 26, no. 2 (2007): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595230601146744.

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McCormack, Edward, and Torgeir Vaa. "Testing Unmanned Aircraft for Roadside Snow Avalanche Monitoring." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 2 (2019): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119827935.

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An important part of the Norwegian Public Roads Administration’s (NPRA’s) mission is to monitor and react to snow avalanche hazards in steep areas above their roads. Small unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) are increasing capable and commercially available. The NPRA wanted to evaluate if this technology could support their avalanche program but had concerns about UASs’ ability to function and to provide usable information in typical field conditions. The NPRA hired vendors to fly nine different UAS aircraft on challenging avalanche surveillance missions in cold, windy weather in steep mountains.

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Atikah Pratiwi, Finta Amalinda, Eka Prasetia Hati Baculu, and Irfan. "Testing the Germ Number on Tableware at Roadside Stall Mas Joko in Palu City in 2021." International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS) 4, no. 1 (2022): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.56338/ijhess.v4i1.2165.

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Cutlery is one factor that plays a role in transmitting disease because eating utensils that are not clean and contain microorganisms can share conditions through food (foodborne illness). The purpose of this study was to determine the test results for the number of germs on tableware at Roadside stall Mas Joko in Palu City in 2021. The type of research was descriptive with an observational approach. With a total of 8 samples from Roadside stall Mas Joko in Palu City. The results of the examination of samples taken at Roadside stall Mas Joko, Palu City, it was found that install one the inspec

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Long, Kejun, Zhibo Gao, Quan Yuan, Wang Xiang, and Wei Hao. "Safety evaluation for roadside crashes by vehicle–object collision simulation." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 10 (2018): 168781401880558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018805581.

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In order to evaluate roadside crash severity and help making decision on roadside safety improvement alternatives, this article proposes a roadside crash severity evaluation method based on vehicle kinematics metric during the crash: Acceleration Severity Index. Based on the field investigation on 1917 km of representative roads, roadside crash test standards and parameters were determined. A total of 59 crash scenarios, involving 5 typical roadside obstacles, 2 types of guardrails, 15 embankment slopes, and 3 types of vehicles (car, bus, and truck), were designed for simulated crash testing w

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Kaighn, Robert J., and Shaw L. Yu. "Testing of Roadside Vegetation for Highway Runoff Pollutant Removal." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1523, no. 1 (1996): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196152300114.

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A field monitoring program was begun in 1991 to test the ability of grassed swales to remove pollutants from highway runoff. The two swales monitored had different slopes, traffic volumes, and vegetation heights, all of which can affect pollutant removal. One had a check dam, which proved to significantly influence pollutant removal. Also, the pollutant-removal ability of a short buffer strip was examined. Pollutants monitored included total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, and total zinc. Manual and automatic sampling techniques were used to monitor runoff. The resu

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Pocklington, David. "Roadside emission testing—bad law in a good cause?" Environmental Law & Management 11, no. 4-5 (1999): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0941(199907/10)11:4/5<161::aid-elm133>3.0.co;2-j.

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Mak, King K., Dean L. Sicking, and Karl Zimmerman. "Roadside Safety Analysis Program: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Procedure." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1647, no. 1 (1998): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1647-09.

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Brief descriptions are provided of a new cost-effectiveness analysis program, known as the Roadside Safety Analysis Program (RSAP), which was developed under NCHRP Project 22-9. RSAP is an improvement over existing cost-effectiveness analysis procedures for evaluation of roadside safety improvements, such as the procedures in the 1977 AASHTO barrier guide and the ROADSIDE program. RSAP improves on many of the algorithms in the procedures and provides a user-friendly interface to facilitate use. The program has undergone extensive testing and validation, including evaluation by an independent r

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Liu, Haodong, Jian Wan, Peng Zhou, Shanshan Ding, and Wei Huang. "Augmented Millimeter Wave Radar and Vision Fusion Simulator for Roadside Perception." Electronics 13, no. 14 (2024): 2729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13142729.

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Millimeter-wave radar has the advantages of strong penetration, high-precision speed detection and low power consumption. It can be used to conduct robust object detection in abnormal lighting and severe weather conditions. The emerging 4D millimeter-wave radar has improved the quality and quantity of generated point clouds. Adding radar–camera fusion enhances the tracking reliability of transportation system operation. However, it is challenging due to the absence of standardized testing methods. Hence, this paper proposes a radar–camera fusion algorithm testing framework in a highway roadsid

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Wu, Jianqing, Hao Xu, Yuan Tian, Rendong Pi, and Rui Yue. "Vehicle Detection under Adverse Weather from Roadside LiDAR Data." Sensors 20, no. 12 (2020): 3433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123433.

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Roadside light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is an emerging traffic data collection device and has recently been deployed in different transportation areas. The current data processing algorithms for roadside LiDAR are usually developed assuming normal weather conditions. Adverse weather conditions, such as windy and snowy conditions, could be challenges for data processing. This paper examines the performance of the state-of-the-art data processing algorithms developed for roadside LiDAR under adverse weather and then composed an improved background filtering and object clustering method in o

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Puiu, Mihaela, and Camelia Bala. "Affinity Assays for Cannabinoids Detection: Are They Amenable to On-Site Screening?" Biosensors 12, no. 8 (2022): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12080608.

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Roadside testing of illicit drugs such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) requires simple, rapid, and cost-effective methods. The need for non-invasive detection tools has led to the development of selective and sensitive platforms, able to detect phyto- and synthetic cannabinoids by means of their main metabolites in breath, saliva, and urine samples. One may estimate the time passed from drug exposure and the frequency of use by corroborating the detection results with pharmacokinetic data. In this review, we report on the current detection methods of cannabinoids in biofluids. Fluorescent, elect

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Cui, Dong Chu, and Yue Yu. "The Optimization Layout Method of Intelligent Roadside Sensor System in Traffic Management and Control." Advanced Materials Research 591-593 (November 2012): 1251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.591-593.1251.

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The vehicle sensor information and road side sensor information will be collaborative used in traffic management and control. In order to improve the comprehensiveness and economy of the traffic and road conditions’ information collection, we focus on the intelligent roadside system in this paper. Firstly, we analyse the functions of the intelligent roadside system. Through the analysis of the detection range, detection accuracy, price and applicable conditions of similar sensor, we delineate the selection range of the intelligent roadside sensor. Then we determine the layout scheme of the tes

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Mak, King K., Hayes E. Ross, Roger P. Bligh, and Wanda L. Menges. "NCHRP Report 350 Testing of W-Beam Slotted-Rail Terminal." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1599, no. 1 (1997): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1599-03.

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Two slotted-rail terminal (SRT) designs, one for use on roadways with speed limits of 72.4 km/hr (45 mi/hr) or less and the other for high-speed facilities, were previously developed and successfully crash-tested in accordance with guidelines set forth in NCHRP Report 230. Those SRT designs have been approved by FHWA for use on federal-aid projects. However, FHWA has since adopted NCHRP Report 350 as the official guidelines for safety performance evaluation of roadside features and required that all roadside features to be used on the National Highway System be crash-tested in accordance with

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Winstock, A. R. "Roadside drug testing would not be much of a deterrent." BMJ 344, mar21 1 (2012): e2133-e2133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e2133.

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Van der Linden, T., S. M. R. Wille, M. Ramírez-Fernandez, A. G. Verstraete, and N. Samyn. "Roadside drug testing: Comparison of two legal approaches in Belgium." Forensic Science International 249 (April 2015): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.01.034.

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Tippannavar, Sanjay, Meghana N, and Yashwanth S D. "A Security Protocol for V2V Communication using NS2 Network Simulator." International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering 10, no. 03 (2023): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26562/ijirae.2023.v1003.02.

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The principles of MANETs, or mobile ad hoc networks, form the foundation of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). Vanet was first introduced as "Car to Vehicle ad hoc mobile communication and networking" in 2001. In order to build a communication network and transfer data among vehicles, Vanet were invented. Vanet uses a variety of means to establish communication, including vehicle-to-vehicle communication. In this project, both roadside-to-roadside and vehicle-to-roadside communications are employed, and vehicle-to-roadside communication is taken into consideration. A different term for VANETs

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Lantz, Brenda M., Michael W. Blevins, and Thomas J. Hillegass. "Evaluation of Roadside Inspection Selection System for Commercial Vehicles." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1595, no. 1 (1997): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1595-06.

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The development and testing of the roadside Inspection Selection System (ISS) have been in progress for more than 2 years. The ISS was developed as part of the Aspen roadside inspection software system in response to a 1995 congressional mandate calling for use of prior carrier safety data to guide in selection of commercial vehicles and drivers to undergo roadside inspections. The Aspen system includes software that helps conduct roadside inspections with portable microcomputers. Ten states were involved in the initial testing of the ISS, but a majority of states throughout the United States

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Álvarez, F. Javier, and Inmaculada Fierro. "548 Roadside testing of opiates in oral fluid of Spanish drivers." Injury Prevention 22, Suppl 2 (2016): A197.3—A198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042156.548.

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Hossen, Md Shakhawat, Christopher Kappes, Mohamed Trabia, Brendan Morris, JeeWoong Park, and Alexander Paz. "Design and preliminary testing of demand-responsive transverse rumble strips." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 9 (2019): 168781401987830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814019878300.

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Transverse rumble strips are common practice to alert drivers by engaging their auditory and tactile senses in addition to visual senses by traffic signals. However, continuous exposure to noise and vibration by transverse rumble strips often results in diminished effectiveness and erratic behaviors, leading to additional safety challenges. In response, demand-responsive transverse rumble strips were developed as traffic safety countermeasures that reduce unnecessary noise and vibration associated with transverse rumble strips by incorporating active control of the rumble strips. Rather than s

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Qiu, Jiandong, Jiajia Ran, Minan Tang, Fan Yu, and Qiang Zhang. "Fault Diagnosis of Train Wheelset Bearing Roadside Acoustics Considering Sparse Operation with GA-RBF." Machines 11, no. 7 (2023): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11070765.

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Trackside acoustic signals are useful for non-contact measurements as well as early warnings in the diagnosis of train wheelset bearing faults. However, there are two important problems when using roadside acoustic signals to diagnose wheel-to-wheel bearing faults; one is the presence of strong interference from strong noise and high harmonics in the signal, and the other is the low efficiency of bearing fault identification caused by it. Therefore, from the viewpoint of solving the two problems, a sparse operation method is proposed for denoising and detuning the modulation of the roadside ac

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Zhang, Jiancheng, Rendong Pi, Xiaohong Ma, Jianqing Wu, Hongtao Li, and Ziliang Yang. "Object Classification with Roadside LiDAR Data Using a Probabilistic Neural Network." Electronics 10, no. 7 (2021): 803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070803.

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Object classification is important information for different transportation areas. This research developed a probabilistic neural network (PNN) classifier for object classification using roadside Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). The objective was to classify the road user on the urban road into one of four classes: Pedestrian, bicycle, passenger car, and truck. Five features calculated from the point cloud generated from the roadside LiDAR were selected to represent the difference between different classes. A total of 2736 records (2062 records for training, and 674 records for testing) we

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Mcnerney, Michael T., B. J. Landsberger, Tracy Turen, and Albert Pandelides. "Comparative Field Measurements of Tire Pavement Noise of Selected Texas Pavements." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1626, no. 1 (1998): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1626-10.

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The effects of traffic noise are a serious concern in the United States and in the rest of the world. One significant component of traffic noise is tire-pavement interaction. If tire-pavement noise can be reduced at the source instead of through the use of traffic noise barriers set up to protect individual receivers, then potential savings can accrue. This research effort conducted field testing on 15 different pavement types found in Texas, and on six pavement types found in South Africa. A test procedure was developed with roadside microphones and microphones mounted on a test trailer to re

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Lantz, Brenda M. "Integration of the Motor Carrier Safety Status Measurement System into the Roadside Inspection Selection System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1734, no. 1 (2000): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1734-09.

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The roadside Inspection Selection System (ISS) was developed in response to a 1995 congressional mandate that called for the use of prior carrier safety data to guide the selection of commercial vehicles and drivers for roadside inspections. The program was developed in part by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation. As ISS has developed, FMCSA’s Performance and Registration Information Systems Management (PRISM) program has also been evolving. One objective of PRISM is to identify relatively unsafe carriers by assigning Safety Status M

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GOOD, GREGORY W., and AROL R. AUGSBURGER. "Use of Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus as a Part of Roadside Sobriety Testing." Optometry and Vision Science 63, no. 6 (1986): 467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-198606000-00012.

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Skopp, G., and L. Pötsch. "Perspiration versus saliva - basic aspects concerning their use in roadside drug testing." International Journal of Legal Medicine 112, no. 4 (1999): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004140050239.

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Pajouh, Mojdeh Asadollahi, Robert W. Bielenberg, Jennifer D. Schmidt-Rasmussen, and Ronald K. Faller. "Crash Testing and Evaluation of Culvert-Mounted Midwest Guardrail System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 7 (2020): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120921168.

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Concrete box culverts are usually installed under roadways to allow water drainage without affecting the motoring public. Culvert openings can represent a hazard on the roadside when they do not extend outside of the clear zone, and often require safety treatments in the form of roadside barriers. In this study, a modified design of Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) was evaluated for installation on a low-fill culvert with the strong-post attachment using through-bolts and epoxy anchorage through full-scale crash testing. The test installation consisted of MGS with a 31 in. top rail height, suppo

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Davis, Andrew K., Hayley Schroeder, Ian Yeager, and Jana Pearce. "Effects of simulated highway noise on heart rates of larval monarch butterflies, Danaus plexippus : implications for roadside habitat suitability." Biology Letters 14, no. 5 (2018): 20180018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0018.

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Developed countries around the world are criss-crossed with vast networks of roadways. Conservationists have recently focused attention on roadsides as possible locations for establishing pollinator habitat, with the monarch butterfly ( Danaus plexippus ) featuring prominently in such discussions. However, roadsides are inherently loud, which could negatively affect developing larvae. We conducted a series of experiments testing if simulated highway noise stresses monarch larvae, which we gauged by non-destructive monitoring of heart rates. In two replicated experiments, larvae exposed for 2 h

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Wilkaniec, Barbara, Beata Borowiak-Sobkowiak, Agnieszka Wilkaniec, Wojciech Kubasik, Maria Kozłowska, and Ewa Dolańska-Niedbała. "Aphid migrant activity in refuge habitats of the Wielkopolska agricultural landscape." Journal of Plant Protection Research 55, no. 1 (2015): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jppr-2015-0010.

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Abstract Refuge habitats have a stabilising effect on the entomofauna in the agricultural landscape. The objective of this research was to follow the migrant activity of aphids in two types of refuge habitats: shrubs and roadsides of rural areas. Moericke traps method were used for testing the seasonal activity of aphids. The dynamics of species numbers were assessed, and the phenology of the dominating taxa was examined. From 2008 to 2010, more than 5,000 winged aphids from 94 species were caught in shrub habitats, and 83 species were caught in rural roadside habitats. The characteristics of

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Zhang, Hao. "Research and Development of CVIS Testing System at Road Intersection Based on ZigBee." Applied Mechanics and Materials 462-463 (November 2013): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.462-463.505.

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The traditional traffic light control system which applies timer control cannot adjust the light time period effectively when the vehicle flow changes. Based on the Cooperative Vehicle Infrastructure System (CVIS), this paper puts forward a scheme that traffic light can be changed adaptively according to the vehicle flow. It realizes the interactive communication among moving vehicles, roadside equipments and control center. As a result, the traffic light time period is regulated by the real-time feedback data.

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Wolf, Kathleen, and Nicholas Bratton. "Urban Trees and Traffic Safety: Considering U.S. Roadside Policy and Crash Data." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 32, no. 4 (2006): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2006.023.

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In the mid to late 20th century, U.S. transportation agencies focused on traffic planning and design practices intended to achieve high levels of traffic capacity and safety for roads at lowest cost. Intangible values of the roadside such as community character and environmental systems were often overlooked, including the urban forest. Context Sensitive Solutions is a U.S. national policy intended to better incorporate local community values into transportation planning processes and products. The starting point for community-based roadside design is adequate research. This study analyzed nat

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Silvestri Dobrovolny, Chiara, Shengyi Shi, James Kovar, and Roger P. Bligh. "Development and Evaluation of Concrete Barrier Containment Options for Errant Motorcycle Riders." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 10 (2019): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119845900.

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Motorcycles are among the most vulnerable vehicles on the road. Although a combination of different factors may cause motorcycle crashes, an appropriate design of roadside safety systems can play an important role in limiting the severity of motorcycle crashes. Roadside safety systems are not typically designed with the special needs of motorcyclists in mind. The Roadside Design Guide provides guidelines for proper concrete barrier placement on roadways but does not address motorcycle barriers ( 1). The Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware includes testing guidelines and evaluation criteria fo

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Wang, Yancong, Jian Wang, Xuyan Bao, Bingyan Yu, and Yuming Ge. "An Advanced System-Level Testing for Roadside Multimodal Sensing and Processing in IoV." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (August 17, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7975523.

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Currently, there are mature test methods for specific sensing devices or processing devices in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). However, when a system is combined with these different types of devices and algorithms for real scenarios, the existing device-level test results cannot reflect the comprehensive functional or performance requirements of the IoV applications at the system level. Therefore, novel application-oriented system-level evaluation indexes and test methods are needed. To this end, we extract the data processing functional entities into specific and quantifiable evaluation inde

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Grace, Molly K., Daniel J. Smith, and Reed F. Noss. "Testing alternative designs for a roadside animal detection system using a driving simulator." Nature Conservation 11 (July 28, 2015): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.11.4420.

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Vilán, J. A., A. Segade, and C. Casqueiro. "Development and testing of a non-energy-absorbing anchorage system for roadside poles." International Journal of Crashworthiness 11, no. 2 (2006): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/ijcr.2005.0393.

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Bade, Richard, Benjamin J. Tscharke, Marie Longo, Richard Cooke, Jason M. White, and Cobus Gerber. "Investigating the correlation between wastewater analysis and roadside drug testing in South Australia." Drug and Alcohol Dependence 187 (June 2018): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.02.030.

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Chu, Mark, Dimitri Gerostamoulos, Jochen Beyer, Luke Rodda, Martin Boorman, and Olaf H. Drummer. "The incidence of drugs of impairment in oral fluid from random roadside testing." Forensic Science International 215, no. 1-3 (2012): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.05.012.

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Concheiro, Marta, Ana de Castro, Óscar Quintela, Angelines Cruz, and Manuel López-Rivadulla. "Confirmation by LC–MS of drugs in oral fluid obtained from roadside testing." Forensic Science International 170, no. 2-3 (2007): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.03.034.

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Grace, Molly K., Daniel J. Smith, and Reed F. Noss. "Testing alternative designs for a roadside animal detection system using a driving simulator." Nature Conservation 11 (July 28, 2015): 61–77. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.11.4420.

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Objectives: A Roadside Animal Detection System (RADS) was installed in January 2012 along Highway 41 through Big Cypress National Preserve in Florida, USA in an attempt to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions. The system uses flashing warning signs to alert drivers when a large animal is near the road. However, we suspected that the RADS warning signs could be ignored by drivers because they resemble other conventional signs. We hypothesized that word-based warning signs (current design) are less effective than picture-based signs at catching drivers' attention. Methods: We used a driving simula

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Cameron, Max, Stuart Newstead, Belinda Clark, and Luke Thompson. "Evaluation of an Increase in Roadside Drug Testing in Victoria Based on Models of the Crash Effects of Random and Targeted Roadside Tests." Journal of Road Safety 33, no. 2 (2022): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33492/jrs-d-20-00272.

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Drug driving continues to be overrepresented in both fatal and serious injury crashes in Victoria. As an enforcement countermeasure, preliminary oral fluid tests to detect drug driving were introduced in Victoria, Australia in December 2004. Recent research has modelled the relationships between prevalences of THC and methamphetamine in fatally and seriously injured drivers and (a) the annual numbers of random and targeted drug tests during 2010-2016 and (b) the positive detection rates from these tests. The increase in roadside drug tests in Victoria from 42,000 in 2013 (1% of licensed driver

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Moon, Young-Jun, Jooil Lee, and Yukyung Park. "System Integration and Field Tests for Developing In-Vehicle Dilemma Zone Warning System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1826, no. 1 (2003): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1826-08.

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The basis for system integration and field testing was developed for assessing a dilemma zone warning system for signalized intersections. The system consists of hardware (an in-vehicle warning device, roadside antenna, and traffic signal controller) and software to operate and test the integrated component warning and communications systems. Field tests were conducted in real traffic situations to test the system’s warning initiation time from the signal controller, the activation and duration of the visual and audible signals, and the warning delay, on the basis of relationships between dist

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Mo, Yanghui, Roshan Vijay, Raphael Rufus, Niels de Boer, Jungdae Kim, and Minsang Yu. "Enhanced Perception for Autonomous Vehicles at Obstructed Intersections: An Implementation of Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) Collaboration." Sensors 24, no. 3 (2024): 936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24030936.

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In urban intersections, the sensory capabilities of autonomous vehicles (AVs) are often hindered by visual obstructions, posing significant challenges to their robust and safe operation. This paper presents an implementation study focused on enhancing the safety and robustness of Connected Automated Vehicles (CAVs) in scenarios with occluded visibility at urban intersections. A novel LiDAR Infrastructure System is established for roadside sensing, combined with Baidu Apollo’s Automated Driving System (ADS) and Cohda Wireless V2X communication hardware, and an integrated platform is established

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Kaewnu, Krittapas, Kiattisak Promsuwan, Apichai Phonchai, et al. "Cost-Effective Foam-Based Colorimetric Sensor for Roadside Testing of Alcohol in Undiluted Saliva." Chemosensors 9, no. 12 (2021): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors9120334.

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A novel foam-based colorimetric alcohol sensor was developed for the detection of alcohol in saliva. Detection was based on the color change of a potassium dichromate-sulfuric acid solution absorbed by melamine foam. In the presence of alcohol, the orange colorimetric sensor changed color to brown, green and, ultimately, blue, depending on the concentration of alcohol in the sample. The response of the proposed sensor toward alcohol was linear from 0.10 to 2.5% v/v. The limit of detection was 0.03% v/v. Alcohol concentration could be determined using the naked eye in the range of 0.00 to 10% v

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Crouch, Dennis J., J. Michael Walsh, Leo Cangianelli, and Oscar Quintela. "Laboratory Evaluation and Field Application of Roadside Oral Fluid Collectors and Drug Testing Devices." Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 30, no. 2 (2008): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ftd.0b013e3181679249.

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