Journal articles: 'Robb Twp'

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Ackerman, Evan. "Hail, robo-taxi! [Top Tech 2017]." IEEE Spectrum 54, no. 1 (January 2017): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2017.7802740.

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Rout G, R., K. Senapati S, and S. Aparajeta. "Micropropagation of Acacia chundra (Roxb.) DC." Horticultural Science 35, No. 1 (February 12, 2008): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/648-hortsci.

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An in vitro propagation of an economic leguminous tree, Acacia chundra, has been standardized. Induction of bud sprout was obtained from shoot tip and nodal explants derived from in vitro grown plants of A. chundra on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) (1.0 mg/l) and 20 mg/l adenine sulfate (Ads). The rate of multiplication was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BA, 0.01 to 0.05 mg/l (indole-3-acetic acid) IAA and 50 mg/l Ads. The multiplication rate varied from 3 to 6 shoots depending on the growth regulators used. Excised shoots were rooted on half-strength MS basal salts supplemented with 0.25 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or IAA and 20 g/l (w/v) sucrose after 10 to 12 days of culture. The micropropagated plantlets have been acclimatized and successfully transferred to soil.

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PISCIOTTA, A., and A. M. S. SOARES. "ROBÔ EQUILIBRISTA COM DUAS RODAS DE BAIXO CUSTO CONTROLADO POR LÓGICA DIFUSA." Revista SODEBRAS 16, no. 185 (May 2021): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29367/issn.1809-3957.16.2021.185.40.

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Singh, Arun Pratap, and Gaurav Chand Ramola. "Outbreak and life cycle of the hook tip moth, Deroca inconclusa (Walker,1856) (Lepidoptera: Drepanidae) on Himalayan Dogwood, Cornus capitata Wall. ex Roxb. (Cornaceae) in Garhwal region of Western Himalaya, India." ENTOMON 45, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v45i4.576.

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During the course of survey carried out in Chakrata hills (Chakrata Forest Division, Dehradun district, Uttarakhand (Western Himalaya), sporadic infestation by the hook tip moth, Deroca inconclusa (Walker,1856) (Lepidoptera: Drepanidae : Drepaninae) was recorded on Cornus capitata Wall. ex Roxb. trees in Chakrata Reserve Forest at several locations. Outbreak of the hook tip moth is being reported for the first time from this region along with its life history on C. capitata from the Garhwal region of the Western Himalaya.

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Morita, Yoshifumi, Yukihiro Kobayashi, Hisashi Kando, Fumitoshi Matsuno, Takao Kanzawa, and Hiroyuki Ukai. "Robust force control of a flexible arm with a nonsymmetric rigid tip body." Journal of Robotic Systems 18, no. 5 (2001): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rob.1018.

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Mathew, M. M., and V. J. Philip. "Clonal propagation of Enset ( Ensete superbum (Roxb.) Cheesman) through shoot tip cultures." Plant Cell Reports 16, no. 3-4 (December 1, 1996): 232–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050213.

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Mathew, M. M., and V. J. Philip. "Clonal propagation of Enset (Ensete superbum (Roxb.) Cheesman) through shoot tip cultures." Plant Cell Reports 16, no. 3-4 (December 1996): 232–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01890874.

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Sah, S. P., C. K. Sharma, and F. Schested. "Possible role of the soil in the sissoo forest (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.) decline in the Nepal terai." Plant, Soil and Environment 49, No. 8 (December 10, 2011): 378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4140-pse.

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This paper deals with the recent sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.) decline in the plain land (locally called as terai) of Nepal. This study has made an attempt to find the possible causal factor of this decline. The study has made some initiative in this aspect and has made a comparative study of 30 different sissoo forest (both natural and plantation) stands. The symptoms of the sissoo decline were found to be varied. But in most of cases, the top dying of crown was found to be the most prevalent. The top dying starts from the top of the tree and progressively proceeds downwards to the stem. The leaves become yellow. Until now, it has been assumed that only the plantation forests have been affected but this study observed the sissoo decline also in natural forest sites. We analysed various components of physical soil characteristics and we did not find any correlation between the physical soil factors and the sissoo decline. We concluded from this study that the soil is not the sole responsible factor involved in the sissoo decline Furthermore, this paper discusses various aspects of the sissoo decline and possible causal factors concerned. Finally, future management strategies regarding the sissoo management are suggested.

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Doulgeri, Zoe, and Suguru Arimoto. "A position/force control for a robot finger with soft tip and uncertain kinematics." Journal of Robotic Systems 19, no. 3 (February 26, 2002): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rob.10027.

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Velikovsky, J. T. "Introducing the Robo–Raconteur Artificial Writer Or." International Journal of Art, Culture and Design Technologies 6, no. 2 (July 2017): 28–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijacdt.2017070103.

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This article invites readers to participate in a survey on computational creativity. It asks: (a) Can computers be creative? and (b) Can algorithmic computational creativity teach us about human creativity? The standard definition of creativity is adopted. The article is in two parts. Part One introduces a new interactive artificial–writer computer program, an Excel workbook containing six functional sub–modules, namely: 1) A Top 20 RoI Movie Pitch Combiner; 2) A Bottom 20 RoI Movie Pitch Element Combiner; 3) A Random Movie Pitcher; 4) A Movie Pitch Selector which judges, scores, and ranks generated pitches in evolutionary survival tournaments; 5) An Ironic Character Generator; and finally, 6) A Random Transmedia Story Universe Pitch Generator. Readers are invited to play–test The Robo–Raconteur and complete a short (5–minute) online survey: Was the artificial writer creative? Part Two explains the Evolutionary Systems Theory of Creativity that underpins the software.

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11

Sheen, Erica. "'The Light of God's Law': Violence and Metaphysics in the '50s Widescreen Biblical Epic." Biblical Interpretation 6, no. 3-4 (1998): 292–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851598x00039.

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AbstractThe essay offers a reading of two episodes from widescreen biblical epics of the 1950s: Henry Koster's CinemaScope The Robe (Twentieth Century Fox, 1952), the story of the Roman centurion who played dice for Jesus' robe at the foot of the cross, and Cecil B. De Mille's VistaVision The Ten Commandments (Paramount, 1957). Widescreen technology was developed in response to a catastrophic postwar slump in cinema attendance. In this respect, it was extremely successful: by 1960, De Mille's film was top of Variety magazine's all-time grossing list. More important, however, is the fact that it transformed the very nature of the cinema image. This article reassesses the historical and theoretical significance of the '50s biblical epic, and argues not only that the metaphysics of presence it inscribed within the Hollywood frame has not been adequately theorised, but also that its transcendental values anticipate the challenge to poststructuralist thinking that has been gathering momentum in Jacques Derrida's readings of Jewish philosopher Emmanuel Levinas.

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Lima, Alexandre Silva de, Sildenir Alves Ribeiro, Luciana Faletti Almeida, and Cristiano Fuschilo. "UM SISTEMA DE COMUNICAÇÃO VIA SOCKET EM UMA REDE WI-FI PARA CONTROLE DE UM ROBÔ DE INSPEÇÃO." HOLOS 2 (August 29, 2017): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.15628/holos.2017.5737.

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Este trabalho apresenta uma aplicação desenvolvida para controlar remotamente um robô de inspeção. Para construir o projeto eletromecânico foi utilizado um kit Lego NXT Mindstorm. A aplicação foi desenvolvida em JAVA e conta com uma interface gráfica que permite operar e controlar o robô remotamente através de rotinas que rodam em um ambiente cliente / servidor. A comunicação entre estação controladora (servidor) e estação robótica é feita utilizando uma rede wi-fi, que funciona sobre o protocolo TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) e UDP (User Datagram Protocol), juntamente com o protocolo IP (Internet Protocol) configurados em uma porta de comunicação. Uma segunda camada de aplicação foi desenvolvida com um conjunto de instruções (sockets) responsáveis pela comunicação e pelos movimentos controlados do robô, os quais são transmitidos da estação servidora para estação cliente. Para modelar o sistema, os eventos, os controles e os estados do componentes robótico foram utilizados alguns diagramas da UML 2.4. O componente robótico, por sua vez, foi construído utilizando um chassi de madeira, um núcleo controlador NXT e três servo motores Lego NXT Mindstorm, além de uma estação computacional para enviar e receber os sinais Wi-Fi. Para permitir à operação e o controle a distância, fez-se necessário a instalação de uma Webcam em um dos servo motores com rotações para direita e esquerda. A finalidade da Webcam é capturar as imagens do ambiente através da estação cliente e enviá-las ao servidor em tempo real, por meio do protocolo RTP (Real-time Transfer Protocol). Um conjunto de sockets foi utilizado para enviar os comandos de operação da estação servidora ao componente robótico. Desta forma, é possível a manipulação do robô pelo controlador e o monitoramento do ambiente a ser inspecionado.

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13

Song, Ohseop, Liviu Librescu, and Hyuck-Dong Kwon. "Vibration and stability control of robotic manipulator systems consisting of a thin-walled beam and a spinning tip rotor." Journal of Robotic Systems 19, no. 10 (September 18, 2002): 469–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rob.10053.

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Campbell, Douglas S., and Hitoshi Okamoto. "Local caspase activation interacts with Slit-Robo signaling to restrict axonal arborization." Journal of Cell Biology 203, no. 4 (November 25, 2013): 657–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201303072.

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In addition to being critical for apoptosis, components of the apoptotic pathway, such as caspases, are involved in other physiological processes in many types of cells, including neurons. However, very little is known about their role in dynamic, nonphysically destructive processes, such as axonal arborization and synaptogenesis. We show that caspases were locally active in vivo at the branch points of young, dynamic retinal ganglion cell axonal arbors but not in the cell body or in stable mature arbors. Caspase activation, dependent on Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), rapidly increased at branch points corresponding with branch tip addition. Time-lapse imaging revealed that knockdown of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 led to more stable arbors and presynaptic sites. Genetic analysis showed that Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and p38 MAPK interacted with Slit1a-Robo2 signaling, suggesting that localized activation of caspases lie downstream of a ligand receptor system, acting as key promoters of axonal branch tip and synaptic dynamics to restrict arbor growth in vivo in the central nervous system.

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Xiao, Zhen Yan, and Yu Liu. "The Numerical Analysis on Stability of Deep Roadway Support System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.687.

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The effect of the roadway with no supporting and roadway that was reinforcement by rock bolts and anchor robs, anchor rod combined bolting shoring, anchor rod combined anchor rope and lining timbering was simulated by using numerical simulation software FLAC3D. The results showed that the deformation of no supporting roadway is maximal, and the maximal position is vault. The displacement of top floor and two side decreases after supported, which can reinforce surrounding rock. The reinforcement effect of the anchor rod combined anchor rope and lining timbering is best.

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RAHARDJO, MONO, ROSITA SMD, and I. DARWATI. "STATUS LOGAM BERAT KADMIUM DAN HASIL RIMPANG TEMUIRENG (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.) PADA BEBERAPA DOSIS PEMUPUKAN FOSFAT." Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 6, no. 2 (July 15, 2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v6n2.2000.44-49.

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Status of cadmium and rhizome yield l/temuireng (Cur¬ cuma aeruginosa Roxb.) at by d fferent dosages phos¬ phatefertilizerCadmium is a heavy metal which is for human being. The concentration of Cd in the soil will increase if phosphate fertilizer is applied, because Cd is available in the sediment rock of phosphate as a raw material for phosphate fertilizer. Recently it is said that simplicia of medicinal crops originated from Asia is contaminated with heavy metals. That contamination mainly derives from Ihe environmental growth. Theefore, the research on the status of Cd in rhizomes Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. due phosphate fertilizer is essential to be conducted. The experiment was conducted in the experimental garden of Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops from August 1997 - June 1998. The experiment used polybags which were illed with 25 kg Bogor dry latosol soil mixed with I kg of rice husk and 2 kg cattle manue It used randomized block design (RBD) with four replications and ive samples each treatment. The treatments were (I) no NPK; and 8 dosages of TSP, (2)0; (3)2.5; (4)5; (5)7.5; (6)10.0; (7)12.5; (8)15.0; and (9)20.0g/ polybag respectively. Each TSP treatments was added with 1 5 g uea and 19 g KCI/ polybag. The plant wee harvested at 8.5 month after planting. The results of experiments showed that application of2.5; 5; 7.5; 10; 12.5; 15; and 20 g/polybag of TSP increased dry weight of simplicia from 24.3- 40%. The content of Cd in rhizomes, produced by plant with 5 up to 20 g TSP fertilizer was 1.181 - 2.756 ppm. The Cd content was higher than tolerance limited value as determined by laws of heavy metal in Japan (I ppm) and WHO (0.24 ppm). While fertilizer teatments of 0 and 2.5 g TSP produced rhizomes with Cd content 0.630 - 0.945 ppm, and it is still under tolerance limited value by Japan, but, higher than WHO laws. Due to high Cd content in rhizomes (1.181 - 2.756 ppm), those simplicia can not be used as row material for medicine.

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Huq, Amdadul, Shahina Akter, Shahina Islam, and Salim Khan. "In vitro micropropagation of pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) from shoot tip and nodal segment." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 47, no. 2 (July 29, 2012): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i2.11457.

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An efficient protocol was developed for plant regeneration, multiplication and rooting under in vitro condition in pointed gourd. Highest percent of shoot regeneration was 91.66%, when nodal explants were cultured on MS+1.0 mg/1 BAP. The maximum number of shoots (4.8) per explant was observed in MS + 1.0 mg/1 BAP + 0.2 mg/1 NAA from nodal segment. Among the two explants, nodal segment was found better for shoot regeneration and multiplication. The best response towards root induction was achieved on half MS medium supplemented with 0.4 mg/1 NAA. The regenerated healthy rooted plantlets were transferred to small plastic pot containing garden soil and compost in a ratio of 2:1. Immediately after transplantation the plantlets were covered with polythene bag to prevent desiccation. After acclimatization the plantlets were successfully transferred to the garden soil and the percentage of survivability in such condition was 90%. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i2.11457 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 47(2), 217-222, 2012

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MacDonald, Dany. "Mental Toughness Training for GolfBy Bell Rob. Copyright 2010 by AuthorHouse, 1663 Liberty Dr., Bloomington, IN 47403. ($42.00, 224 pp.)." Sport Psychologist 25, no. 1 (March 2011): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.25.1.115.

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Ahmad, Anees, Mohammad Anis, Mehrun Nisha Khanam, and Abdulrahman A. Alatar. "Direct shoot organogenesis from shoot tip explants of a highly medicinal valued tree Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb." In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant 56, no. 5 (September 2, 2020): 670–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11627-020-10115-7.

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Komiyama, Akira, Sonjai Havanond, Wasant Srisawatt, Yukira Mochida, Kiyoshi Fujimoto, Takahiro Ohnishi, Shuichi Ishihara, and Toyohiko Miyagi. "Top/root biomass ratio of a secondary mangrove (Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob.) forest." Forest Ecology and Management 139, no. 1-3 (December 2000): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(99)00339-4.

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Subhan, Nusrat, Raquibul Hasan, Mokarram Hossain, Raushanara Akter, Muntasir Mamun Majumder, Mostafizur Rahman, Kamaluddin Ahmed, Abdul Ghani, and Ashraful Alam. "Antinociceptive and gastro-protective effect of the ethanolic extract of the flowering top of Anthocephalus Cadamba Roxb." Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine 9, no. 4 (December 31, 2009): 326–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3742/opem.2009.9.4.326.

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DOGAN, Muhammet. "Multiple Shoot Regeneration from Shoot Tip and Nodal Explants of Rotala rotundifolia (Buch-Ham. ex Roxb) Koehne." Anatolian Journal of Botany 1, no. 1 (October 25, 2017): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30616/ajb.343304.

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McGrath, J. Mitchell, and Carlos F. Quiros. "Intersubspecies Hybrids and Their Progeny in Brassica campestris." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, no. 2 (March 1991): 349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.116.2.349.

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Morphology and fertility were characterized for 22 intersubspecies hybrids within B. campestris L. Nine subspecies, representing crop types from different geographical areas, were used as pollen donors on three different seed parents. Stability of scored morphological characters was divided into four classes based on their appearance in F1 hybrids; i) constant (present in all hybrids when the character was present in one of the parents, e.g., enlarged hypocotyl, divided leaf), ii) variable (present in some hybrids when the character was present in parent types, e.g., petiole color, pubescence), iii) novel (appearing in hybrids but not present in parents, e.g., anther tip spot, self-compatibility), and iv) reciprocal differences. Constant characters are assumed to have a strong genetic component, variable characters may result from heterozygosity in parents, an allelic series, or polygenic inheritance, and novel characters may arise through mutation or altered gene or physiological interactions. Reciprocal crosses revealed morphological components controlled by the maternal parent, and were most striking in pak-choi (ssp. chinensis) by turnip [ssp. rapifera (Metzg.) Sinsk.] hybrids. Pollen and seed fertility of hybrids was generally reduced when Indian oilseeds [ssp. dichomata (Roxb.) Olsson; ssp. trilecularis (Roxb.) Olsson] were used as parents. Inheritance of the enlarged hypocotyl character was tested in one F2 population. Segregation of the enlarged hypocotyl trait was consistent with a hypothesis of a dominant Mendelian locus. Various novel characters appeared in this F2 population that were not evident in the parents of the hybrid, some of which also showed Mendelian segregation. Genetic differentiation of nuclear or plastid genomes may account for these observations.

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Restianto, Javian Inggit, Kundharu Saddhono, and Djoko Sulaksono. "THE PHILOSOPHICAL MEANING OF WAYANG DAPURA IN SUNAN KUDUS FIGURE." IBDA` : Jurnal Kajian Islam dan Budaya 18, no. 2 (November 18, 2020): 244–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/ibda.v18i2.3745.

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This writing is about the philosophy of Wayang Dupara, The Sunan Kudus. The body structure of Sunan Kudus is categorized as the body structure of Wayang Katongan. The research is assessed through descrip- tively qualitative method by uncovering the outer (physical) and inner (psyche) structure. The top accessories, the kuluk songkok and the garuda mungkur, are also included in the assessed physical and psyche struc- ture. The red colored make-up, kadelen’s eye, and walimiring nose are also examined. The puppet (wayang) is worn a robe with number of ac- cessories, like: rimong, tasbih, cundrik. The puppet’s foot part is worn a traditional foot wear, namely canela or selop. The result for both outer and inner figure is related to Sunan Kudus in Islamic Javanese perspec- tive as the person who had an important role in religion, intellect, reign and economic area

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Chiruvella, Kishore K., Arifullah Mohammed, Gayathri Dampuri, and Rama Gopal Ghanta. "In vitro Shoot Regeneration and Control of Shoot Tip Necrosis in Tissue Cultures of Soymida febrifuga (Roxb.) A. Juss." Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology 21, no. 1 (January 24, 2012): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v21i1.9559.

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Soymida febrifuga (Roxb.) A. Juss., (Meliaceae) an indigenous lofty deciduous tree, endemic to India, has extensive pharmacological activity. Continuous destruction of plants due to environmental and geopolitical instability has posed a major threat to endemic tree species. In vitro propagation techniques are also problematic due to high incidence of shoot tip necrosis (STN). The effect of various culture conditions on regeneration and STN of Soymida febrifuga were investigated. Nodal segments from field grown plants were used as explants and cultured on MS supplemented with different concentrations of BA, KN, NAA and IAA. The synergistic effect of BA (2 mg/l) and NAA (0.2 mg/l) induced a mean of 6.3 ± 0.09 shoots from the nodal explants with a frequency of 80.4%. Frequent subculturing of nodal explants from in vitro derived shoots increases the number of multiple shoots, but the regenerated shoots exhibited the symptoms of STN. Various factors such as strength of the media, different carbon sources activated charcoal and different calcium sources have been investigated for reducing the incidence of shoot necrosis. STN can easily be recovered by increasing the levels of calcium. Transfer of shoots showing early signs of necrosis to half strength MS supplemented with CN (556 mg/l), CP (1.0 mg/l), AC (20 mg/l) and fructose (100 mg/l) facilitated recovery of more than 98% of the shoots. Rooted plantlets produced, using the optimized protocol, were acclimatized successfully. Key words: Soymida febrifuga, Shoot regeneration, Shoot tip necrosis D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v21i1.9559 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 21(1): 11-25, 2011 (June)

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Pranata, Moch Galih, Ahmad Yunus, and Bambang Pujiasmanto. "PENGARUH KONSENTRASI NAA DAN AIR KELAPA TERHADAP MULTIPLIKASI TEMULAWAK (CURCUMA XANTHORRIZHA ROXB.) SECARA IN VITRO." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 30, no. 2 (October 1, 2015): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v30i2.11890.

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Java turmeric is a medicinal plant which in top ranks in its uses. Many people choose herbal treatments for their health. This study aims to investigate the response of the multiplication of java turmeric against granting PGR NAA and young coconut water in vitro. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Biotechnology and Tissue Culture, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The research was arranged in a Fully Randomized Design with 16 treatments and 3 replications. The results showed that giving kombination treatment of 0,5 ppm NAA and 60% young coconut water was able to increase root amount with by an average of 20,33. NAA 1,5 ppm can increase buds amount at 2 buds. Giving 20% young coconut water treatment were also capable of increase average length buds, root length in sequence 7,37 cm and 7,37 cm.

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Larson, Joyce E., Kara J. Brown, and Ivet A. Bell. "SEC publishes important guidance on the Custody Rule, participating affiliate arrangements, robo-advisers, Form PF and certain compliance topics." Journal of Investment Compliance 18, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-06-2017-0036.

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Purpose To highlight guidance issued by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for the benefit of investment advisers regarding certain obligations under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (Advisers Act) and the rules thereunder. Design/methodology/approach Summarizes recent guidance regarding issues related to several challenging Advisers Act requirements, including inadvertent custody and client account transfers under Advisers Act Rule 206(4)-2, the use of participating affiliate arrangements pursuant to the “Unibanco” no-action letters, unique considerations affecting automated advisers (i.e., “robo-advisers”), the top five most frequently identified compliance topics identified in examinations conducted by the SEC’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations (OCIE), and recent guidance regarding the private fund regulatory filing Form PF. Findings This guidance may assist advisers in preparing for regulatory examinations and questions from institutional investors. While the recent guidance addresses important topics, the guidance also raises some practical questions. Originality/value Practical guidance from experienced securities and financial services lawyers.

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Kashem, M. A., A. Ahmed, S. Hoque, and M. Z. Hossain. "EFFECTS OF LAND-USE CHANGE ON THE PROPERTIES OF TOP SOIL OF DECIDUOUS SAL FOREST IN BANGLADESH." Journal of Mountain Area Research 1 (August 27, 2016): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.53874/jmar.v1i0.7.

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This study examined the effects of land use change on the physico-chemical properties of top soil in the deciduous Sal forest of Bangladesh. Relatively less disturbed Sal (Shorea robusta Roxb. Ex Gaertn.) forest stands and the nearby stands those were converted into Acacia (Acacia auriculiformis Benth.) plantation and pineapple (Ananus comosus (L.) Merr.) cultivation were selected to examine the effects of land use change on soil properties. For each land use type, soil samples were collected from 4 locations, 50m distant from each other, as replicates. Soil samples were collected at 0-5, 5-10, and 10-15 cm depths. Soil moisture content, conductivity, pH organic C, total N and total P were determined as soil properties. Leaf litter of Sal, Acacia and pineapple was incubation for 90 and 180 days in independent identical soil in order to examine the effects of plant species through leaf litter on the soil chemical nutrient (N and P) status. Data showed that soil moisture content, conductivity and pH were significantly affected by land use but not by depth. However, soil organic C was affected by both land-use type (P< 0.02) and soil depth (P< 0.003), although no significant interactions appeared between these two factors. Soil total N and P did not differ between land use types but by depth and, N and P contents decreased with the increase of depth. Rates of nutrients (N and P) released from Sal, Acacia and pineapple did not differ significantly among them during incubation. Results of the present study reveal that properties of the top soil of the Madhupur Sal forest are different in their responses to the varying land uses. The findings of this study are thus relevant for the sustainable management of the deciduous Sal forest ecosystems.

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Harvey, M. A., and S. Currie. "The Ivanhoe, Rob Roy and Hamish Fields, Block 15/21, UK North Sea." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 20, no. 1 (2003): 443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.mem.2003.020.01.36.

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AbstractThe Ivanhoe, Rob Roy and Hamish Fields lie in the Moray Firth of the UKCS in Block 15/21 and contain undersaturated oil trapped in the prolific Upper Jurassic Piper reservoir in tilted fault block traps. The fields were brought on stream in 1989 and since then the reservoir model has undergone several revisions with changes to the calculated oil in place volumes. The two main areas of uncertainty in the geological model are the position of the faults and the distribution of permeability. Improvements in the quality of the seismic data and the well ties brought about greater confidence in the seismic pick at top reservoir and the placement of the major bounding faults to the fields. The reservoir is generally sand-prone with a high net to gross ratio, porosity and permeability, which suggest that the reservoir would behave in a fairly homogeneous manner to fluid flow. Detailed reservoir description shows that this is not always the case. Improvements to the geological model permit a better understanding of the connection between the injector and producer wells and the degrees of influence from faults and heterogeneities in the reservoir to the fluid flow. Based on the current model the present recoverable reserves are estimated to be 187 MMBBL.

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Ara, N., M. Moniruzzaman, KS Rahman, M. Moniruzzaman, and R. Sultana. "Performance of hybrid lines of pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb) for yield and yield attributes." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 43, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 383–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v43i3.38387.

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A field experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi, Pabna during the growing season of 2013-14 with eighteen hybrid lines of pointed gourd and BARI Hybrid Patal -1 as check to observe their performances for yield, yield attributes and other morphological characters. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The maximum vine length (242.00 cm) and nodes/plant (18.30) was recorded from PG018xM2. Shoots/plant ranged from 12.50 (PG027xM2) to 4.66 (PG008 M1). The maximum number of fruits/plant (160.00) was obtained from PG009xM2 followed by PG012xM1 (154.66). Individual fruit weight was recorded highest (50.10 g) in PG027xM2, which was very close to PG008xM2 (48.00) and PG018xM2 (47.00 g). Weight of fruits/plant ranged from PG009xM2 (6.86 kg) to PG022xM1 (3.01 kg). The highest pulp weight was recorded in PG027xM2 (44.20 g) which was statistically similar to PG008xM2 (42.20 g). Three different leaf colour (light green, green and deep green), two types of leaf tip (pointed and blunt) and four types of leaf margin (slightly serrated, serrated, entire and undulated) were found among the hybrid lines. Four fruit colour (whitish, light green, green and dark green), four fruit stripes (no stripe, white, green white and light green) and three types of fruit curvature (slightly curved, curved and straight) were observed in different lines. The line PG009xM2 showed better performance in respect of fruits/plant and weight of fruits/plant and thus gave the highest yield (45.74 t/ha). The lines PG008xM2, PG007xM2, PG017xM2, PG027xM2 and PG014xM1 also produced better yield (39.23 - 35.58 t/ha). Therefore, the lines PG014xM1, PG007xM2, PG008xM2, PG009xM2 and PG017xM2 should be subjected for further evaluation to release as variety.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(3): 383-393, September 2018

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Shethi, Kishwar Jahan, Parveen Rashid, Momtaz Begum, and M. Oliur Rahman. "Morphoanatomical profile of five species of Piper L. from Bangladesh and its taxonomic significance." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 26, no. 1 (June 25, 2019): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v26i1.41917.

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The present study explores detailed morphoanatomical features of five species of Piper L., viz. P. betle L., P. longum L., P. nigrum L., P. retrofractum Vahl and P. sylvaticum Roxb. Each species is supplemented by detailed updated nomenclature, vernacular names, diagnostic characters, phenology, ecology and representative specimens. Maximum number of cortical and medullary vascular bundles have been observed in P. nigrum and P. retrofractum, respectively. In contrast, minimum number of cortical and medullary vascular bundles have been found in P. sylvaticum. Glandulartrichomes are found on the midrib of P. betle, P. longum, and P. sylvaticum, whereas trichomes are lacking in P. nigrum and P. retrofractum. The highest number of collateral vascular bundles have been found in P. retrofractum followed by P. nigrum, while P. betle and P. longum contain single collateral vascular bundle. P. betle can easily be distinguished from other species by its oval stem, non-glandular multicellular trichome with pointed tip, and presence of idioblasts and oil droplets. P. longum is distinct from remaining species by its diacytic stomata. Keys to the species based on morphological and anatomical characters are provided for easy identification of the studied species.

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HO, Wei-Seng, Wee-Hiang ENG, and Kwong-Hung LING. "Cytogenetic, chromosome count optimization and automation of Neolamarckia cadamba (Rubiaceae) root tips derived from in vitro mutagenesis." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 13, no. 3 (August 18, 2021): 10995. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb13310995.

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Chromosome count is the only direct way to determine the number of chromosomes of a species. This study is often considered trivial that seldom described and discussed in detail. Therefore, it is inevitable that the chromosome count protocol should be revised and revisited before it becomes obliterated. In the present study, we encountered challenges in obtaining a clear micrograph for the chromosome count of active mitotic cells of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser (Rubiaceae) root tips. Several obstacles were determined through micrograph observation, such as existing unwanted particles in cells, poor chromosome staining and chromosome clumping. To overcome these, root tip types, staining methodologies, squashing methods were among the factors assessed to obtain clear micrographs. The chromosome counts of N. cadamba under optimized procedure showed 2n = 44 chromosomes. We also apply digital technology in chromosome counts, such as online databases and graphic software that are open source and freely accessible to the public. Only basic laboratory equipment and chemicals were used throughout the study, thus making this study economical and applicable in a basic laboratory. The availability of online digital software and databases provide open-source platforms that will ease the efforts in chromosome count.

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Kumar, N. Praveen, and Arun Arya. "A New Heart Rot Disease in Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Caused by Navisporus floccosus (Bres.) Ryvarden." International Letters of Natural Sciences 6 (November 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.6.1.

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A wood decay fungus was defined based on the zone of tree that invades. N. floccosus causing heart rot was recorded in living trees of A. excelsa for the first time. The cultural characters of N. floccosus were described for the first time. Heart rot fungus i.e. N. floccosus decayed mostly heartwood of living tree. It colonized in the central portion of tree and begins decaying of wood which ultimately lead to death of A. excelsa tree was recognized for the first time. When decay proceed to the top of tree, the fruiting bodies grown in large size at butt region. During July 2007 i.e. monsoon months, due to the high wind velocity the weak tree was up rooted, which indicates that the fungus severely decayed heartwood of A. excelsa tree. After falling the tree, fungal hyphae in heart wood were very active so it produced fruiting bodies outside the trunk. On the malt agar plates containing tannic acid, it showed a positive reaction for oxidase and laccase and negative reaction for tyrosinase. Peroxidase test was positive with growth rate of >70 mm in 7 days.

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Khollhujayev, J., N. Abdukarimov, J. Mavlonov, and N. Abdivahidova. "NON-CON NON-CONTACT POINT MEASURING EQUIPMEN T MEASURING EQUIPMENT FOR ROBO T FOR ROBOTIC SYSTEMS OF AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY." Technical science and innovation 2020, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.51346/tstu-01.20.4-77-0092.

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The non-contact measurement method development is caused by the need for precise measurement and elimination of an operator’s errors. The purpose of the atticle research is to develop a reliable small scale prototype model of non-contact point measuring system. The mathematical model of robotic articulated arm has been developed to analyze the forward kinematics. Then, the prototype model of a robotic arm and laser-sensor mounted technique have been developed to take the measurements. The idea was derived from the coordinate measuring machine working principle, that puts the tip or tool center point in the known position with necessary precision. Most of the production engineers rely on the measurement data obtained from the CMMs. Most of the CMMs used in Uzbekistan are mainly contact based CMMs that have a number of disadvantages, i.e. a liitle inspection time. Also, the ergonomics and redundancy of the CMMs body frame are not acceptable. The surfaces of a vehicle body frame are designed in the free forms to give better aerodynamics and smaller resistance coefficients that result in difficult shapes that is not possible to reach easily with the ordinary CMM. The scientifically-developed robotic arm based on the non-contact CMM helps to cope with this issues

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Yadava, U. L., and S. K. Dhir. "In Vitro Regeneration of Trichosanthes from Shoot Tips." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 871C—871. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.871c.

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The morphogenetic potential of parval or pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) shoot-tip explants was investigated to establish this species as a model tissue culture system. An effective multiple-shoot propagation method is described. Ten-millimeter shoot tips from young branches of greehouse-grown plants served as explants. They were initiated on a MS basal medium. Multiple shoots were encouraged by transferring established explants to a proliferation medium consisting of MSB + 1 mg BAP/liter, because lower concentrations of BAP (0.1 to 0.5 mg–liter–1) inhibited multiple shoot formation; however, the same concentrations promoted rooting in explants. Medium supplemented with 1 mg BAP/liter and 100 mg PVP/liter caused the best proliferation of shoot tips. Upon transferring to fresh medium of the same composition, these shoot tips elongated 24 cm with three to five nodes in 4 weeks of culturing. Shoot multiplication cultures were maintained by transferring segments of multiple-shoot clusters to medium containing 1 mg BAP/liter and 0.5 mg GA3/liter. Medium supplemented with TDZ inhibited the number of regenerating explants but enhanced the number of shoot buds. Eighty percent of these plantlets were successfully rooted on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg NAA/liter. Plantlets survived in potting soil and exhibited normal growth under mist in the greenhouse.

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Rab, Abdur, and Mikal E. Saltveit. "Sensitivity of Seedling Radicles to Chilling and Heat-shock-induced Chilling Tolerance." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 848C—848. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.848c.

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Chilling sensitivity increased as the radicle of germinating corn (Zea mays L. `Jubilee' hybrid), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. `Poinsett 76'), mung bean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb. `Berkin'), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. `Rio Grande') seeds increased in length from 1 to 7 mm. In contrast, radicles of germinating okra (Hibiscus esculentus L. `Clemson' spineless) seeds exhibited similar levels of chilling sensitivity at all radicle lengths. The degree of chilling sensitivity varied among the species in relation to time required to elicit a significant response and the magnitude of the elicited response. Based on subsequent radicle elongation, okra and cucumber were the most sensitive species to chilling at 2.5C for 96 h; tomato and corn were relatively less sensitive, and mung bean was the least sensitive. This pattern of sensitivities changed when other criteria were used to evaluate chilling sensitivity. The development of lateral roots decreased with prolonged chilling in all species, except for corn in which the apical tip remained viable even after 192 h of chilling. Heat shock (0 to 10 min at 45C) induced chilling tolerance in all species, except okra. In okra, neither increasing the heat shock temperature nor decreasing the severity of chilling (i.e., temperature and duration of exposure) resulted in a significant reduction in chilling injury. The differential induction of heat shock proteins in okra and the other species is discussed.

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Tanaka, Miori, Yoshimi Kishimoto, Mizuho Sasaki, Akari Sato, Tomoyasu Kamiya, Kazuo Kondo, and Kaoruko Iida. "Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. Extract and Gallic Acid Attenuate LPS-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via MAPK/NF-κB and Akt/AMPK/Nrf2 Pathways." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2018 (November 8, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9364364.

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Excessive oxidative stress plays a critical role in the progression of various diseases. Recently, we showed that Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. extract (TBE) inhibits inflammatory response and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in THP-1 macrophages. However, molecular mechanisms underlying anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of TBE and its major polyphenolic compounds gallic acid (GA) and ellagic acid (EA) remain unclear. We found that TBE and GA attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory mediator expression, ROS production, and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in RAW 264 macrophages. Furthermore, TBE and GA increased antioxidant enzyme expression along with upstream mediators nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Akt, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Importantly, knockdown of Nrf2 by siRNA and specific inhibition of Akt and AMPK significantly reduced antioxidant enzyme expression induced by TBE and GA. Finally, in vivo effects on histopathology and gene expression were assessed in tissues collected after intraperitoneal injection of LPS with or without TBE treatment. TBE enhanced antioxidant enzyme expression and improved acute kidney injury in LPS-shock model mice. In conclusion, TBE and GA exert protective effects against inflammation and oxidative stress by suppressing MAPK/NF-κB pathway and by activating Akt/AMPK/Nrf2 pathway. These results suggest that TBE and GA might be effective for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.

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Handayani, Fitri, Eka Siswanto, and Lintang Ayu Trisna Pangesti. "UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA BAKAR PADA KULIT PUNGGUNG MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus musculus)." Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung 1, no. 2 (January 26, 2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.51352/jim.v1i2.25.

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Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins and alkaloids that can help in the healing process of burns on the back skin of mice. Gambir has been used for the treatment because it has the effect of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. Gambir is used by the people as a traditional medicine to treat burns.This research is experimental research. The object studied is the potential of gambir extract on healing burns of mice back skin. The number of mice used are 15 which divided into 5 groups: the positive control group (branded ointment), negative control group (vaseline flavum), group of gambir ethanol extract and vaseline flavum concentration of 25%, 35%, and 45%. Each group consisted of 3 mice.Backs of the mice induced using a heated solder which tip contained stainlees plate measuring 1x1 cm and placed for 2 seconds on the back skin of mice. The percentage of burns healing is obtained by calculating the surface area of the wound. The data were analyzed using ANOVA analysis followed by LSD test. The results showed that ethanol extract of gambir concentration of 25% with the healing burns percentage of (72.00%), the concentration of 35% (85.00%), and the concentration of 45% (88.67%) have activity on healing burns of back skin of mice. The results of data analysis using ANOVA showed that the data has significant differences with a significance value <0.05 is 0.000. LSD test results stated that each treatment group have significant differences with a significance value <0.05. It can be seen that with increasing dose will be followed by duration of burns healing

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Moallem, M., R. V. Patel, and K. Khorasani. "An inverse dynamics control strategy for tip position tracking of flexible multi-link manipulators." Journal of Robotic Systems 14, no. 9 (September 1997): 649–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4563(199709)14:9<649::aid-rob2>3.0.co;2-l.

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Christensen, Elyse L., Alexandra Beasley, Jessica Radchuk, Zachery E. Mielko, Elicia Preston, Sidney Stuckett, John I. Murray, and Martin L. Hudson. "ngn-1/neurogenin Activates Transcription of Multiple Terminal Selector Transcription Factors in the Caenorhabditis elegans Nervous System." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 6 (April 9, 2020): 1949–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.120.401126.

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Proper nervous system development is required for an organism’s survival and function. Defects in neurogenesis have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Understanding the gene regulatory networks that orchestrate neural development, specifically cascades of proneural transcription factors, can better elucidate which genes are most important during early neurogenesis. Neurogenins are a family of deeply conserved factors shown to be both necessary and sufficient for the development of neural subtypes. However, the immediate downstream targets of neurogenin are not well characterized. The objective of this study was to further elucidate the role of ngn-1/neurogenin in nervous system development and to identify its downstream transcriptional targets, using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for this work. We found that ngn-1 is required for axon outgrowth, nerve ring architecture, and neuronal cell fate specification. We also showed that ngn-1 may have roles in neuroblast migration and epithelial integrity during embryonic development. Using RNA sequencing and comparative transcriptome analysis, we identified eight transcription factors (hlh-34/NPAS1, unc-42/PROP1, ceh-17/PHOX2A, lim-4/LHX6, fax-1/NR2E3, lin-11/LHX1, tlp-1/ZNF503, and nhr-23/RORB) whose transcription is activated, either directly or indirectly, by ngn-1. Our results show that ngn-1 has a role in transcribing known terminal regulators that establish and maintain cell fate of differentiated neural subtypes and confirms that ngn-1 functions as a proneural transcription factor in C. elegans neurogenesis.

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Dogan, Muhammet. "The effectiveness of light emitting diodes on shoot regeneration in vitro from shoot tip tissues of Limnophila aromatica (Lamk.) Merr. and Rotala rotundifolia (Buch-Ham. ex Roxb) Koehne." Biotechnic & Histochemistry 95, no. 3 (October 25, 2019): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10520295.2019.1670359.

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Das, Payal, Priyanka Bora, Nandita Paul, and Nabanita Bhattacharyya. "Vegetation composition and assessment of phytotoxicity in a paper mill dumpsite." Plant Science Today 8, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14719/pst.2021.8.1.947.

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The solid waste dumpsites of pulp and paper industries are prone to be turned into degraded lands due to the loss of vegetation cover. Such sites often possess drought, salinity and pH stresses as well as heavy metal contamination. Restoration of top soil by creating vegetation cover has proved to be the most sustainable approach to check land degradation. Therefore, to find some stress-tolerant species capable of creating vegetation cover in paper mill dumpsites, a vegetation composition study was conducted in a paper mill dumpsite. A total of seven plant species viz., Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand., Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob, Mikania scandens (L.) Willd., R. communis L., Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb., Senna sophera (L.) Roxb. and Solanum myriacanthum Dunal were found. To correlate the existence of these plants with stress condition of soil, the level of phytotoxicity in the dumpsite was assessed by studying seed germination status, proline accumulation, leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf pH, total chlorophyll content and ascorbic acid level of Ricinus communis as bioassay indices. The significantly lower percentage of seed germination in dumpsite soil, compared to control, revealed the phytotoxic nature of the soil of the dumpsite. The significantly higher level of proline, RWC, total chlorophyll and ascorbic acid in plant leaves from dumpsites than from the control soils indicated considerable stress in the dumpsite. Soil physicochemical and nutrient status analyses substantiated with the bioassay results. Despite apparent phytotoxicity, the presence of certain plant species in the dumpsite indicated their inherent stress tolerance capability to be prospected.

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Mandal, B., S. Mandal, K. B. Pun, and A. Varma. "First Report of the Association of a Nanovirus with Foorkey Disease of Large Cardamom in India." Plant Disease 88, no. 4 (April 2004): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.4.428a.

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Large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) is affected by the serious disease ‘foorkey’, which is of unknown etiology (1). Excessive sprouting and formation of bushy dwarf clumps at the base of mother plants that gradually die, characterize the disease. In surveys in the Sikkim-Darjeeling Hill area during 2002 and 2003, as much as 27% of plants were found to be affected. Electron microscopy of negatively stained, partially purified preparations from field-infected large cardamom plants showed the presence of isometric particles measuring 17 to 20 nm. The causal agent was successfully transmitted by the aphid Micromyzus kalimpongensis Basu, in a persistent manner. Ten randomly selected field samples gave A405 0.1 to 0.23 compared with 0.57 with positive control with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using antiserum to an Indian isolate of Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV). A fragment of approximately 850 bp was amplified from the diseased plants using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers 5′-ATGGCGCGATATGTGGTATGC-3′ and 5′-TCAGCAAGAAAACCAACTTTATTC-3′, designed to amplify the putative Rep gene based on the sequences of DNA1 of BBTV. The PCR product was cloned and sequenced (GenBank Accession No. AY 485960) and showed 80 to 82% identity with the corresponding region of DNA1 of BBTV and 47.6 to 48.5% with other recognized nanoviruses. These findings indicate that a nanovirus is associated with ‘foorkey’ disease of large cardamom, which is tentatively named as Cardamom bushy dwarf virus. Reference: (1) P. M. Varma and S. P. Capoor. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 34:56, 1964.

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Teppo, Susanna, Juha Mehtonen, Samuli Eldfors, Caroline A. Heckman, Markus Müschen, Merja Heinäniemi, and Olli Lohi. "Transcriptional Regulatory Landscape of TCF3-PBX1-Positive Leukemia and Novel Targeted Treatments." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 4077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.4077.4077.

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Abstract Introduction The oncogenic TCF3-PBX1 (TP; also known as E2A-PBX1) fusion gene results from a translocation between chromosomes 1 and 19 in pre-B-cell acute leukemia (pre-B-ALL). Both TCF3 and PBX1 function as transcription factors (TF), and their fusion generates a unique transcriptional landscape in t(1;19) leukemias which differs from other pre-B-ALL subtypes. Here we explored the transcriptional regulatory landscape of t(1;19)-leukemia genome-wide and sought novel targeted therapy options. Materials & Methods We modeled the oncogenicity of the fusion protein in leukemic cells by either expressing (Nalm6-TP, induced for 16 hours) or silencing (697-shTP, down to appr. 40 %) the fusion. Proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle were studied using fluorometric reactions and flow cytometry. Patient samples (TP, n=4; other subtypes, n=18) and various cell line models were subjected to global nuclear run-on sequencing (GRO-seq), which provides a genome-wide map of nascent (primary) transcription. All transcripts that were altered after overexpression or silencing of the fusion-TF in cell models were inspected from the patient GRO-seq samples. TCF3-PBX1-regulated genomic regions were studied for enrichment of TF binding motifs and altered signaling pathways. Mature RNA levels and potential novel long non-coding RNAs were further validated by qPCR. Gene expression differences between t(1;19) and other subtypes were compared using a curated microarray data set containing 1304 pre-B-ALL samples retrieved from 15 different data sets from the Gene Expression Omnibus. ARACNE, a network inference algorithm, and GRO-seq were used to identify TFs correlating strongly with the t(1;19) subtype and to find novel drug targets. Drugs were tested in cell culture using t(1;19)-positive cell line models and patient samples either alone or in combination with known leukemia therapies. Results GRO-seq analysis allowed elucidation of the regulatory landscape downstream of the TCF3-PBX1 fusion protein. Directly regulated enhancer RNAs were matched to the cis regulated genes, and vice versa, to clarify enhancer-gene relations. As an example, correspondingly regulated enhancer regions were located for WNT16 and ANKS1B, two genes that are known targets of TCF3-PBX1, and that were found consistently upregulated in the studied sample sets. EBF3, a tumor suppressor gene, was one of the top hits in the network inference analysis and was also found consistently regulated by TCF3-PBX1. One of the identified druggable target was RORB which was directly upregulated by TCF3-PBX1. An inhibitor targeting RORB decreased viability of TCF3-PBX1-positive cell lines and cells from a t(1;19) patient. The effect was especially prominent when the inhibitor was combined with a low dose (1 nM) of vincristine, yielding a marked synergistic effect. Conclusions Our results provide the first genome-wide transcriptional regulatory landscape of TCF3-PBX1 leukemia. We also identified novel putative druggable targets and a potential inhibitor for this leukemia subtype. Disclosures Heckman: Celgene: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding.

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Sugito, Sugito, Erdiansyah Rahmi, Azhari Azhari, and M. Isa. "Pertambahan Bobot Badan dan Waktu Pembusukan Daging Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Ekstrak Jaloh Dikombinasi dengan Kromium." Jurnal Agripet 10, no. 2 (October 1, 2010): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v10i2.640.

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The gain body weight and Spoilage of meat broiler which giving jaloh extract to combine with chromiumABSTRACT. A study was conducted on broiler chickens under heat stress to evaluate the effect of combined jaloh (Salix tetrasperma Roxb) extract with chromium mineral in the body weight, value of feed ratio conversion, and time to meat to become decomposed. Twenty four of 20-day old Cobb female broiler chickens were randomly assigned and divided to 4 treatment groups. Completely randomized design was used in this study. The treatments were as follows: 1) chickens given no heat stress and jaloh extract nor chromium (tCp); 2) chickens under heat stress without given jaloh extract nor chromium (Cp); 3) chickens under heat stress and given jaloh extract in 1.000 mg/lt drinking water (Cp+Ej); and 4) chickens under heat stress, given jaloh extract in 1.000 mg/lt drinking water, and chromium in 1.000 ug/lt drinking water (Cp+Ej+Cr). Heat stress given was 33 ± 1oC of cage temperature during 4 hours per day within 15 days. Jaloh extract and chromium treatments in drinking water were given at 2 hour before cage temperature reaching 33 ± 1oC and were stopped being given after 1 hour, when cage temperature back to room temperature. On the 16th day of the study chickens were measured before slaughtered. Samples obtained were chicken meat that taken from breast part (musculus pectoralis). The result suggested that either giving jaloh extract per se at the dose of 1.000 mg/lt in drinking water or combine it with chromium that given two hours before cage temperature reaching 33 ± 1oC, can prevent chickens from decreasing their body weight, decreasing value of feed ratio convertion, and extending time to meat to become decomposed.

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VITANTI, THERESIA AGNIEST PRICILLA, KAWIJI KAWIJI, and EDHI NURHARTADI. "Effect of extraction method on Curcuma xanthorrhiza oleoresin using solar dryer to concentration of curcuminoid, total phenol and antioxidant activty." Biofarmasi Journal of Natural Product Biochemistry 14, no. 1 (December 6, 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biofar/f140101.

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Vitanti TAP, Kawiji, Edhi N. 2012. Effect of extraction method on Curcuma xanthorrhiza oleoresin using solar dryer to concentration of curcuminoid, total phenol, and antioxidant activity. Biofarmasi 14: 1-9. Curcuma (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is a type of drug plant that has high enough capacity of production in Indonesia. Generally, commerced in the form of fresh curcuma or processed product as simple as simplicia and curcuma powder. Processed products that could be developed is curcuma oleoresin. It is a mixture of essential oils and resins obtained from extraction process of curcuma powder using an organic solvent. Oleoresin has the same flavor and aroma to the extracted material. Due to these characteristics, it is used as a flavor and food coloring, other than as a raw material in pharmaceutical industry. In addition, it also contains active compounds which can support the utilization of drug and food industries. This study aims to determine whether the size of the powder, powdered curcuma immersion time, and interactions between them that can be influenced the content of curcuminoids, total phenol and antioxidant activity of curcuma oleoresin. Selection of solar dryers in the drying process is based on previously studied that compare the natural drying technique with a solar dryer, and the best results of those studies are shown in the solar dryer. This research using completely randomized design with two factors: the size variation of curcuma powder (60, 80 and 100 mesh) and immersion time variation (extraction) of curcuma powder (12, 24 and 36 hours). The results showed that the powder size of curcuma and immersion time has an effect on curcuminoid content, total phenol and antioxidant activity of curcuma oleoresin. However, there are no interaction between both factors. That is, the size and the immersion time of curcuma powder do not affect each other on the content of curcuminoid, total phenol and activity of antioxidant.

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Minocha, Rakesh, Alexandra R. Contosta, Gregory B. Lawrence, Ravinder K. Kohli, Subhash C. Minocha, and Stephanie Long. "Changes in Soil Chemistry and Foliar Metabolism of Himalayan Cedar (Cedrus deodara) and Himalayan Spruce (Picea smithiana) along an Elevational Gradient at Kufri, HP, India: The Potential Roles of Regional Pollution and Localized Grazing." Forests 12, no. 4 (March 28, 2021): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12040400.

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We investigated changes in soil chemistry and foliar metabolism of Himalayan cedar [Cedrus deodara (Roxb. Ex Lamb.) G.Don] and Himalayan spruce [Picea smithiana (Wall.) Boiss] trees along a steep elevational gradient in the lower Himalayan Mountains at Kufri, Himachal Pradesh (HP), India. The foliar and soil samples were collected from four locations along a 300 m elevational gradient at ridge, high-, mid-, and low-elevation sites within the forested Shimla Water Catchment Wildlife Sanctuary that provides water for the city of Shimla, HP,. Observations at the time of sampling revealed that the high-elevation site was being heavily grazed. Soils collected at the four sites showed differences in soil chemistry along the gradient. Surface soils (top 10 cm) at the high-elevation site had the highest concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, organic matter, and effective cation exchange capacity, possibly caused by grazing. Mineral soils were slightly acidic at all sites except the mid-elevation site, which was extremely acidic in the upper mineral soil. Similar to surface soil chemistry, foliar metabolism was also comparatively unique for high elevation. In Himalayan cedar foliage, higher concentrations of soluble proteins, polyamines, amino acids, and potassium were observed at the high-elevation site as compared to the ridge, mid and low elevations. No major differences were observed in the metabolic profiles of cedar between the ridge and low elevation ranges. Spruce foliage was sampled only from the ridge and low elevations and its metabolic profiles suggested healthier conditions at the low elevation. The results of the study demonstrate the impact of the interplay between local and regional drivers of forest health on cedar and spruce trees in a forested catchment that acts as a water source for downstream communities.

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Atmaja, Ria Ramadhani Dwi. "THE EFFECT OF ADMINISTERING RHIZOME EXTRACT OF CURCUMA (Curcuma Xanthorrhiza Roxb.) AT VARIOUS DOSES ON THE THICKNESS OF VAGINAL EPITHELIUM IN MICE (Mus Musculus) EXPOSED TO MSG." Journal of Islamic Pharmacy 2, no. 1 (May 18, 2017): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jip.v2i1.4215.

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The usage of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) as flavour enhancer in food is increasing and has reached alarming condition. Excessive consumption of MSG results in the formation of a number of free radicals in the body and affects the function of hypothalamus. A disturbed hypothalamus results in the decline of estrogen levels, and in turn, this estrogen deficiency causes a decrease in vaginal epithelial proliferation in which epithelial cells become thinner. Giving antioxidants might help to address these problems. One of the plants that is rich in antioxidant and grow in mass in Indonesia is curcuma. This study is aimed at analyzing the effect of giving curcuma extract (Curcuma Xanthorrhiza Roxb.) with varying doses on the thickness of vaginal epithelium in mice that are exposed to MSG. The research design employed in the study is true experimental posttest only control group by using 5 groups, namely: K1 (CMC-Na), K2 (MSG), P1 (MSG + curcuma rhizome extract dose of 0,4mg/gr BW), P2 (MSG + curcuma rhizome extract dose of 0,8mg/gr BW), P3 (MSG + curcuma rhizome extract dose of 1,2mg/gr BW). Vagina of each mouse was taken and studied to measure its epithelial thickness by using a 40x magnification on Olympus micrograph microscope. Data were then analyzed using One Way ANOVA. The results show that there is no significant difference in the thickness of vaginal epithelium in each treatment (ρ-value 0.341). Therefore, it can be concluded that the extract of curcuma rhizome does not have a significant influence on the thickness of vaginal epithelium in mice that are exposed to MSG. <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="432">Keywords : MSG, Curcuma Xanthorrhiza, epithelium, vagina.</td></tr></tbody></table>

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Shen, Y. M., C. H. Chao, and H. L. Liu. "First Report of Phytophthora drechsleri Associated with Stem and Foliar Blight of Gynura bicolor in Taiwan." Plant Disease 95, no. 7 (July 2011): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-10-0931.

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Gynura bicolor (Roxb. ex Willd.) DC., known as Okinawa spinach or hong-feng-cai, is a commonly consumed vegetable in Asian countries. In May 2010, plants with blight and wilt symptoms were observed in commercial vegetable farms in Changhua, Taiwan. Light brown-to-black blight lesions developed from the top of the stems to the petioles and extended to the base of the leaves. Severely infected plants declined and eventually died. Disease incidence was approximately 20%. Samples of symptomatic tissues were surface sterilized in 0.6% NaOCl and plated on water agar. A Phytophthora sp. was consistently isolated and further plated on 10% unclarified V8 juice agar, with daily radial growths of 7.6, 8.6, 5.7, and 2.4 mm at 25, 30, 35, and 37°C, respectively. Four replicates were measured for each temperature. No hyphal growth was observed at 39°C. Intercalary hyphal swellings and proliferating sporangia were produced in culture plates flooded with sterile distilled water. Sporangia were nonpapillate, obpyriform to ellipsoid, base tapered or rounded, and 43.3 (27.5 to 59.3) × 27.6 (18.5 to 36.3) μm. Clamydospores and oospores were not observed. Oospores were present in dual cultures with an isolate of P. nicotianae (p731) (1) A2 mating type, indicating that the isolate was heterothallic. A portion of the internal transcribed spacer sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. HQ717146). The sequence was 99% identical to that of P. drechsleri SCRP232 (ATCC46724) (3), a type isolate of the species. The pathogen was identified as P. drechsleri Tucker based on temperature growth, morphological characteristics, and ITS sequence homology (3). To evaluate pathogenicity, the isolated P. drechsleri was inoculated on greenhouse-potted G. bicolor plants. Inoculum was obtained by grinding two dishes of the pathogen cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) with sterile distilled water in a blender. After filtering through a gauze layer, the filtrate was aliquoted to 240 ml. The inoculum (approximately 180 sporangia/ml) was sprayed on 24 plants of G. bicolor. An equal number of plants treated with sterile PDA processed in the same way served as controls. After 1 week, incubation at an average temperature of 29°C, blight and wilt symptoms similar to those observed in the fields appeared on 12 inoculated plants. The pathogen was reisolated from the lesions of diseased stems and leaves, fulfilling Koch's postulates. The controls remained symptomless. The pathogenicity test was repeated once with similar results. G. bicolor in Taiwan has been recorded to be infected by P. cryptogea (1,2), a species that resembles P. drechsleri. The recorded isolates of P. cryptogea did not have a maximal growth temperature at or above 35°C (1,2), a distinctive characteristic to discriminate between the two species (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. drechsleri being associated with stem and foliar blight of G. bicolor. References: (1) P. J. Ann. Plant Pathol. Bull. 5:146, 1996. (2) H. H. Ho et al. The Genus Phytophthora in Taiwan. Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 1995. (3) R. Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa et al. Fungal Biol. 114:325, 2010.

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Bhat, Mudasir Nazir, Bikarma Singh, Opender Surmal, Bishander Singh, Vijay Shivgotra, and Carmelo Maria Musarella. "Ethnobotany of the Himalayas: Safeguarding Medical Practices and Traditional Uses of Kashmir Regions." Biology 10, no. 9 (August 31, 2021): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10090851.

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The present study was carried out to enlist the medicinal plants used by the local inhabitants of developing countries such as India, and the district of Kupwara of the Kashmir Himalaya has been targeted. Our research is one of the first study focusing on the statistical evaluation of the cross-cultural analysis between three different communities i.e., Dard, Kashmiri and Gujjar, of the study area. Sampling was carried out in eight villages in 2017 to 2020, and data were collected from 102 informants based on walking transects, to collect plant specimens, and semi-structured interviews. The medical usages of all collected taxa were grouped into 15 disease categories and 81 biomedical ailments. In this study, we documented around 107 plant taxa belonging to 52 families from the local inhabitants of the Kashmir Himalaya, which regulate the livelihood of the people and support cultural ecosystem services. Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Ranunculaceae, Poaceae, Solanaceae, Polygonaceae, Plantaginaceae and Brassicaceae are the top most dominant families. Herbaceous groups of plants were more common than trees and shrubs, and 71.96% of herb taxa were employed as medicine. Liliaceae, Caprifoliaceae and Portulacaceae (FUV = 0.24 each) have the highest family use value (FUV). The most prominent family was Asteraceae (seven genera, nine taxa), followed by Rosaceae and Lamiaceae (six genera, six taxa each). Persicaria Mill., Rheum L., Aconitum L. and Artemisia L. were prominent genera. Valeriana jatamansi Jones ex Roxb. (47UR), Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don (45UR), Arisaema jacquemontii Blume (37UR), Asparagus racemosus Willd. (36UR) and Rumex acetosa L. (35UR) were the most important plant taxa with reference to use-reports. The ethnomedicinal applications of Aesculus indica Wall. ex Cambess., Solanum pseudocapsicum L., Ranunculus hirtellus Royle and Cormus domestica (L.) Spach plant taxa are reported here for the first time from the Himalayan Kashmiri people. We recommend further research on ethnopharmacological application of these newly recorded ethnobotanical plants. The medical usage of the plant was limited to different parts of the plant. In terms of the usage percentage, whole plant (26.17%), leaves (24.30%) and roots (19.63%) were found to have the highest utilization. The powder form (40.19%) was the most frequently employed method of drug/medicine preparation, followed by the utilization of extracted juice and/or other extracts (22.43%). The ICF values range from 0.85 to 1.00. Their use to remedy parasitic problems (PAR) and insect bites (IB) (ICF = 1.0 each) had the maximum consensus mentioned by the informants, although the number of taxa employed under this category was very limited. The different plant taxa used for the treatment of the gastrointestinal problems (GAS) was the most prominent disease category (262 URs, 16.19%, 25 taxa, ICF = 0.90). About 65% of the plant taxa studied is indigenous to the Asia or Himalayan regions, and around 35% is found to be exotic in nature. A strong positive correlation was found between age, gender, educational qualification and medicinal plant knowledge. No significant association was between people of different communities interviewed in terms of medical knowledge of the plants, p = 0.347 (>0.05) and χ2 = 2.120. No significant difference was found between the number of species documented concerning gender as p = 0.347 (>0.05) and χ2 =0.885. This study provides the comprehensive status of ethnomedicinal knowledge among three different communities of the study area. This study provided an impetus in discovering the baseline primary data for molecules which would help in drug discovery and management of various diseases, apart from conserving the genepool of plants in the investigated area.

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