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Journal articles on the topic 'Robinson Crusoe Influence'
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1
MATHIAS, PETER. "Economic Growth and Robinson Crusoe." European Review 15, no. 1 (January 9, 2007): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798707000038.
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There is very much more to Daniel Defoe's inspired piece of ‘faction’ about Robinson Crusoe than seeing it just as a boy's adventure story. Its influence was widespread, judging by the great scale of new editions and reprintings, both internationally and through many translations. It can be read as a sophisticated myth of the ascent of man, of economic growth by dint of the work ethic, of the imperative of ‘improvement’ and the determination to master nature. It has implications for natural rights theory, the Lockeian justification of private property and the role of the ‘civilised’ European facing a hostile, alien habitat.
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Toledano Buendia, Carmen. "Robinson Crusoe Naufraga en Tierras Españolas." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 47, no. 1 (December 31, 2001): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.47.1.05tol.
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The incorporation of English novels into the Spanish literary system during the 18th century is characterized, in general terms, by their late appearance, especially if a comparison is drawn with other European countries, and by French mediation. One of the most illustrative examples is the assimilation process followed by Robinson Crusoe. This work, written by Daniel Defoe in 1719, appears for the first time in Spain in 1826 — more than 100 years after it was originally written — in an abridged version for children. This paper aims to explore some of the many factors that may play a part in the late appearance of this novel and its reception as a juvenile or children’s book. Apart from the sociopolitical circumstances that turned Spain into a country which was very suspicious of foreign influence, an important factor to take into account is the influence of the French mediation. The introductory role played by mediator systems involves a filtered way of access through which the mediating culture reveals its own points of view and aesthetic criteria. Most of the 19th-century Spanish translations of Robinson Crusoe are secondhand translations from French and inherit the didactic and moralizing interpretation that the French makes of Robinson Crusoe. But the reading of Defoe’s work as juvenile or children’s literature is not only the result of the mediator system; it is also a consequence of the literary tradition to which the text is attached. When this work was imported there was an established tradition of Robinsonades that influenced its reading and interpretation and had created a particular set of expectations in the reader. This study also tries to analyze the different strategies used by Spanish translators in order to adapt Defoe’s novel to the poetic and ideological expectations of its potential readers and to the new function assigned to the text in the new cultural context.
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AI-Harshan, Hazmah Ali. "A Post-Colonial Re-Reading of Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe." Journal of World Englishes and Educational Practices 3, no. 12 (December 23, 2021): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jweep.2021.3.12.3.
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The imperial project started to influence English national identity as early as the mid-seventeenth century, and the English began to relate their national prominence to their colonial activities, whether in trade or in the acquisition of foreign territories, throughout the eighteenth century. However, England experienced its share of anxieties on the road to imperial "greatness" in its dealings with both other European powers and its native subjects. The British people's tendency to examine themselves and their international achievements with intense pride helped to neutralize those anxieties, much like Crusoe's imagined responses to possible dangers alleviate his fictional forebodings. The English ameliorated their concerns about their international position by becoming an ever more self-referential society, thinking more highly of themselves on account of their contact with colonized peoples, as is epitomized in the personality of Crusoe. To the fictional Crusoe, the experience of his relationship with Friday validates his self-worth and his native culture more than anything else. Robinson Crusoe's affirmation of colonial power through the assertion of his authority over a particular (othered) individual corresponds with, and epitomizes, England's trading and territorial empire during the eighteenth century and the consequent effects on British subjectivity, at a time when the British were struggling to set up a trading empire and challenging other European powers for territory and markets abroad. Robinson Crusoe successfully resolves the insecurities relating to Britain's colonial activities by asserting, through Crusoe's character, the superior nature of the English subject.
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Cheadle, Norman. "Figurations of Islandness in Argentine Culture and Literature: Macedonio Fernández, Leopoldo Marechal, and César Aira." Island Studies Journal 4, no. 2 (2009): 203–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.235.
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This article explores islandness in the River Plate imaginary. Two modern foundational “island texts” – Thomas More’s Utopia and Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe – have exerted a formative influence on the Spanish-American colonial imagination, an influence inflected by the particular historical experience of the River Plate region and its dominant city, Buenos Aires. The figuration of islandness is examined in three twentieth century Argentine novels by Macedonio Fernández, Leopoldo Marechal, and César Aira. The article finds both continuity and evolution in the images of islandness in these novels.
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Pileva, Maria. "Censorship and Reception of the Novels „Robinson Crusoe“ and „Uncle Tom's Cabin“." Balkanistic Forum 31, no. 2 (May 30, 2022): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.15.
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The paper addresses the problems of presenting two classic novels, by D. Defoe and H. B. Stowe, during the time of totalitarian rule. Unspecified abbreviations and interferences in the text significantly distort the originals and affect the author's messages. The attention is paid to the influence of the paratexts used to forged the reception to the direction pointed by the Party, including illumination of the characters from different ideological rays. This stage in the critical perception of the works turns out to be especially deconstructive for the Biblical references, themes, images and motifs.
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Bernardello, Gabriel, Leonardo Galetto, and Gregory J. Anderson. "Floral nectary structure and nectar chemical composition of some species from Robinson Crusoe Island (Chile)." Canadian Journal of Botany 78, no. 7 (July 1, 2000): 862–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b00-055.
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Floral nectary structure and nectar composition of 12 species, including 11 endemics, are reported from Robinson Crusoe Island (Juan Fernández Archipelago, Chile). These species are mostly hummingbird pollinated. Nectary morphology follows the general pattern within each of the families, suggesting it is an ancestral feature. The mean nectar concentration (± SD) as a percentage of weight (weight/total weight of solution) was 28.3 ± 20.7. Sucrose, fructose, and glucose were identified in most samples. In Nicotiana cordifolia, an unknown monosaccharide was also detected. When more than one sample per species was examined, there was usually variability in sugar ratios. Statistical tests indicated that population size does not influence this variability. However, there were differences when the pollinator type was compared, with a trend of a higher sucrose proportion and a lower coefficient of variation of sucrose in the species pollinated by hummingbirds. This would indicate a specialization in the nectar composition of the hummingbird-pollinated species. Cuminia eriantha, N. cordifolia, and Rhaphithamnus venustus also possess amino acids in their nectar. In the non-hummingbird-pollinated species, the presence of nectaries and nectar serves as an indication of the ancestral pollination system of the first colonizers rather than the current condition, which is wind pollination or self-compatibility for most of the species. Thus, the presence of nectar in flowers does not necessarily indicate extant biotic pollination.Key words: angiosperms, Robinson Crusoe Island, nectary structure, nectar sugar composition, sugar concentration, hummingbird pollination.
7
Chen, Delin. "The Seas in The Bible and (Early) Modern Literature—Robinson Crusoe, Moby Dick and The Life of Pi." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 7, no. 11 (November 1, 2017): 1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0711.20.
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The connotations of religion and literature of the Bible have been greatly expressed by the image of water which contains multiple meanings and fickle qualities. There are lots of forms of water, such as the drop, vapor, river and ocean, presented in the British and American literary works. Although different forms of water in different works are endowed with all kinds of implications due to the writers’ unique creative backgrounds and purposes, they are based on the implications or symbolic meanings of the water in the Bible. This paper, based on the implications of the image of water in the Bible, by horizontal contrast and longitudinal comparison, is going to analyze the image of water in Robinson Crusoe, Moby Dick and The Life of Pi which contain similar psychology, religion concept and social problems with the Bible, and the symbolic meanings of image of water in (early) modern British and American literary works under the influence of the Bible is going to be explored.
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Wylie, Dan. "“Proprietor of Natal:” Henry Francis Fynn and the Mythography of Shaka." History in Africa 22 (January 1995): 409–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171924.
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If ever South Africa could boast of a Robinson Crusoe of her own, as affable, shrewd, politically sagacious, courageous and large-hearted as Defoe's, here is one to life… “Mr Fynn”[Fynn is] a greater ass and Don Quixote than one could possibly conceive.The fictional referents in these diametrically opposed judgments of Henry Francis Fynn (1806-61) alert us to the “constructed” nature of the reputation of this most famous of Shakan eyewitnesses. Although Nathaniel Isaacs' Travels and Adventures in Eastern Africa (1836) first introduced Shaka and his Zulu people to the British reading public, and had easily the profoundest influence on popular conceptions, Fynn was the more widely acknowledged “expert” on the Zulu. Having pursued an extraordinarily tortuous, violent, and well-documented career through forty formative years of South African frontier history, he left a body of writings which belatedly attained authoritative status in Shakan historiography. Since 1950, Fynn's so-called “Diary” has become the paramount, and until recently largely unquestioned, source on Shaka's famous reign (ca. 1815-1828). As recent political power struggles centered on the “Shaka Day” celebrations in Zululand have amply demonstrated, there is no more appropriate juncture at which to reassess the sources of this semi-mythologized Zulu leader's reputation.
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Block, James E. "Narratives of Reversal: Fiction of the Young Republic and the Crisis of Liberation." Prospects 25 (October 2000): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300000569.
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The intellectual legacy of the American Revolution has cast a long shadow over the study of American fiction. Its enduring narrative of a “nation conceived in liberty” as an “asylum for freedom,” reinforced most recently in Eric Foner's book The Story of American Freedom, perpetuates the conviction of an American commitment to liberation. The early secular models of individualism, Robinson Crusoe, Franklin's Autobiography, and Crévecoeur, promised an uncomplicated release from Old World constraints to the opportunities of a mobile and open society. This expectation of a new and higher individualism, either in democratic society or as often in a space of Edenic openness, until recently shaped our understanding of the culture of the early republic and its literature. As F. O. Matthiessen wrote in his classic work on the writers of the American Renaissance, “They felt that it was incumbent upon their generation to give fulfillment to the potentialities freed by the Revolution, to provide a culture commensurate with America's political opportunities.” Beginning in the 1980s, critics challenging the depth of revolutionary ideology have questioned its influence on the writings of the period. With roots in feminism, reader response theory, postcolonialism, and popular culture, these writers have emphasized in Jane Tompkins's term the “cultural ‘work’” this fiction was “designed to do” in shaping the nascent society.
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Ramírez, Fabián, Alejandro Pérez-Matus, Tyler D. Eddy, and Mauricio F. Landaeta. "Trophic ecology of abundant reef fish in a remote oceanic island: coupling diet and feeding morphology at the Juan Fernandez Archipelago, Chile." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 93, no. 6 (April 3, 2013): 1457–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315413000192.
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The trophic structure of organisms is an important aspect of the ecosystem as it describes how energy is transferred between different trophic levels. Here, we studied the diet and foraging ecology of 144 individuals belonging to five abundant fish species of subtidal habitats at Isla Robinson Crusoe. Sampling was conducted during the austral spring and summer of 2007 and 2008, respectively. The shallow subtidal habitat is mainly characterized by the abundance of two types of habitat: foliose algae and encrusting invertebrates. Diet and trophic characteristic of fishes were obtained by volumetric contribution and frequency of occurrence of each prey item. Of the five species studied, one is herbivorous (juvenile Scorpis chilensis), four are omnivores (Nemadactylus gayi, Malapterus reticulatus, Pseudocaranx chilensis and Scorpis chilensis adult), and one carnivore (Hypoplectrodes semicinctum). The dietary diversity index was relatively low compared to other temperate reef systems, which could indicate a low availability of prey items for coastal fishes. The morphological parameters indicated that cranial structures and pairs of pectoral fins influence the foraging behaviour. Differences in fin aspect ratio among species provided insight about fish depth distribution and feeding behaviour. These results suggest important adaptive changes in the depth gradient of fishes in the subtidal environments of this island. According to our records, this is the first attempt to characterize the trophic ecology of the subtidal fish assemblages at Juan Fernandez Archipelago, revealing the need for testing hypotheses related to selective traits that may enhance species coexistence in oceanic islands.
11
Córdova, Pablo, and Raúl P. Flores. "Hydrodynamic and Particle Drift Modeling as a Support System for Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR) Emergencies: Application to the C-212 Aircraft Accident on 2 September, 2011, in the Juan Fernández Archipelago, Chile." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 11 (November 3, 2022): 1649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111649.
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Search and rescue (SAR) refers to every operation aiming to find someone presumed lost, sick, or injured in remote or hard-to-access areas. This study presents the design of an operational system that supports maritime SAR emergencies by combining information from global hydrodynamic models (GHM) and a local hydrodynamic model (LHM) implemented in FVCOM. The output of these hydrodynamic models is used as input in a multiple particle drift estimator (MPDE) to estimate the trajectories of the floating elements derived from accidents in the ocean. The MPDE also includes trajectory estimates using the empirical LEEWAY formulation. The modeling system is validated with data collected during a SAR emergency that occurred on 2 September 2011, where a C-212 aircraft from the Chilean Air Force destined to the Juan Fernández Archipelago crashed in the ocean between the islands of Santa Clara and Robinson Crusoe. Trajectories were assessed in terms of the commonly used NCLS (normalized cumulative Lagrangian separation) performance indicator and a modified version, NCLSmod, which considers both the movement and orientation of the trajectories. The LHM was executed in three scenarios: forced only with tide, forced with tide and wind combined, and forced only with wind. The performance of the different models varied in response to the ocean–atmosphere conditions and their local variations at the time of the accident. In times of calm wind, models with tidal influence performed better, while wind-forced models performed better when winds were greater than 7 km h−1. The use of FVCOM (LHM) solved the coastal circulation and accounted for bathymetric effects in the Juan Fernández Archipelago area. This resulted in an improved variability and distribution of the modeled trajectories compared to the observed drifter trajectories. This work is the first study related to cases of maritime SAR emergencies in Chile, and provides a fast tool to estimate search areas based on an ensemble of particle drift and trajectory forecasts using multiple publicly available data sources.
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Worsley, Howard. "An autoethnographic perspective on the broadening of missiological perspectives in teaching mission in Anglican TEIs in England." Missiology: An International Review 46, no. 4 (October 2018): 374–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091829618792868.
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This is a reflection on how attitudes to mission in England have changed during the last half century. It offers a comparison between a pre-adolescent’s and an adult theological educator’s understanding of Anglican mission seen through the lens of Robinson Crusoe. Defoe’s foundational novel Robinson Crusoe is used as the launch point by using the author’s personal experience as he rereads this childhood favorite alongside his wider sociological study of missiological perspectives. Beginning with the personal perspective of a child growing up in England in the 1960s, developmental, societal, and sectarian influences are considered as ways in which the author’s individualized outlook on world mission was initially shaped as a child. Second, a wider lens is used to look at how anthropological and general ecclesiological outlooks have served to broaden the author’s adult understanding of mission in the context of an Anglican TEI.
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Pavlenko, Yuliia. "SELF-WRITING IN THE DIMENSION OF EVERYDAY LIFE: DYNAMICS, CHALLENGES, PERSPECTIVES." CONTEMPORARY LITERARY STUDIES, no. 18 (December 13, 2021): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32589/2411-3883.18.2021.246984.
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The article presents a study of the everyday life discourse in writing about the Self of a fictional subject. It seems obvious that involvement of self-writing in everyday practice calls into question the power of self-writing in the context of everyday life for the self-knowledge of the individual. The purpose of this scientific research is to debunk this illusion and explain the connection between the everyday life and self-writing. It transforms the practice of incorporating one’s own «I» in writing into the dimension of constructing the subject’s identity. There are no works on this topic in modern literary criticism and this fact also indicates the relevance and novelty of the research that is unfolding in the following article. Nowadays, the history of everyday life is booming. It is evidenced by a whole array of scientific papers on this issue. The study of self-writing in the dimension of everyday life appeals to the semiotic approach of Y.M. Lotman and G. Knabe for the analysis of the sign-symbolic nature of everyday life, to the sociological studies of A. Schutz, P. Berger and T. Lukman to identify the ways of constructing everyday life as reality or as a «life world», to the works of V.D.Leleko in the field of aesthetics and culturology of everyday life. The works of the philosophical and anthropological school serve the basis for the research. Particular attention is given to the text-letter of the Enlightenment. The protagonists of the Enlightenment Age invest the issues of everyday life in the work of writing that is a daily practice in the XVIII century. Due to its characteristics, the sphere of everyday life is a measure of self-knowledge and self-affirmation of the individual that was first artistically embodied by enlightened characters. The study shows that everyday life asa strong ground for self-affirmation of the subject was discovered with the help of the personal writing in the novel of the XVIII century, but this discovery became a lost testament to the text-writing of the Enlightenment. Changing the picture of everyday life under the influence of new technologies does not interfere with the text-writing. In the dynamic picture of everyday life offered to us by the 21st century, writing about the Self of a fictional subject opens up new facets of the power of everyday life discourse for the anthropological laboratory of literature. The study is illustrated by thesuch texts as: «Robinson Crusoe» by D.Defoe, «Nun» by D. Diderot, «Memoirs of two young wives» by O. de Balzac, «Poison of Love» by E.-E. Schmitt, «Self-portrait of the radiator» by K. Boben.
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Assis Rosa, Alexandra. "The Negotiation of Literary Dialogue in Translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 12, no. 1 (September 12, 2000): 31–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.12.1.03ass.
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Abstract Focussing on the pragmatic dimension of literary dialogue in narrative fiction, this paper analyses: (a) the negotiation of power carried out by characters and the way it is relayed in the text as signalled by forms of address; and (b) the negotiation performed by the translator in order to reproduce a power relation when dealing with the cultural and social environments of the source- and the target-language texts. By analysing one hundred years of Robinson Crusoe translated into European Portuguese (189– to 1992) the paper will attempt to reveal a possible historical development of translational norms and the way in which the historical, cultural and social environments may have influenced them.
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Levy, David M. "Adam Smith's Katallactic Model of Gambling: Approbation from the Spectator." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 21, no. 1 (March 1999): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837200002868.
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Adam Smith starts his account of economic life supposing two trading individuals, and not with Robinson Crusoe alone on an island. It is a consequence of this modeling strategy that, when considering an actor's choice, the model builder automatically has access to the judgment of the spectator. Thus it is that when Smith describes the actor gambling for money, he takes into consideration the fact that the spectator will make note of unusual events. In particular, the winner of a large-number lottery will become famous. To the extent that fame is desired, the actor's decision will be influenced by the spectator's judgment. The gambling model Smith describes is an exchange between the actor–who takes risk–in return for the chance of applause from the spectator. Everything in Smith's account is an exchange; hence, we denote Smith's model as a katallactic model, thus remembering Richard Whately's suggestion to rename political economy as the science of exchange, from the Greek καταλλατειγ–to exchange.
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Di Renzo, Anthony. "The Complete English Tradesman: Daniel Defoe and the Emergence of Business Writing." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 28, no. 4 (October 1998): 325–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/te72-jbn7-gnut-bnuw.
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Daniel Defoe, one of the pioneers of the English novel, primarily earned his living as a journalist, pamphleteer, proposal writer, and freelance business consultant. A born entrepreneur, Defoe's many projects included promoting and marketing the first practical diving bell, designing commercial fisheries and improving London's sewer system, producing a series of popular self-help manuals, and founding and editing the first English technical writing journal, The Projector. These were the products of Defoe's indefatigable pen, and the utilitarian simplicity of his business and technical writing has strongly influenced English prose ever since. This article will examine two major pieces of Defoe's professional writing: An Essay of Projects, (1698) a portfolio of his best proposals, and the landmark The Complete English Tradesman (1725), the first English business writing manual. These and similar texts would form the loam of Defoe's great novels, Robinson Crusoe (1719), Moll Flanders (1721), and A Journal of a Plague Year (1722). While Defoe's professional writing shaped his creative writing, his gifts as a novelist—his plain, demotic style, his knack for concise narrative and analytical summary, his ability to create convincing personas through textual documentation—shaped his business writing. Both forms of writing made him the premier spokesperson of a new social and economic order.