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Journal articles on the topic 'Robot kinematics'
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Jatsun, S. F., and Yan Naing Soe. "KINEMATIC AND JACOBIAN ANALYSIS APPROACH FOR THE FOUR-LEGGED ROBOT." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 22, no. 4 (August 28, 2018): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2018-22-4-32-41.
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This paper presents forward kinematics, inverse kinematics and Jacobian analysis of four-legged robot research. The kinematics analysis is the main problem of the legged robot. The four-legged robots are very complex more than wheeled robots. In this study,the four-legged robot of each leg calculates Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) method,that is used for forward kinematics and the inverse is used the geometrical and mathematical methods.The Kinematic divided into two categories Forward Kinematic and Inverse Kinematics. The forward kinematic is calculated we knew the leg of endpoint position for the angles (θ1,θ2 and θ3 ). . Inverse kinematics is used to compute the joint angles which will achieve a desired position and orientation of the end-effector relative to the base frame. The Jacobian is one of the most important analyses for controlling smooth trajectory planning and execution in the derivation of the dynamic equation of robot motion.For calculation is used MATLAB software and robot modeling is used Simulink toolbox in MATLAB software. A program is obtained that calculate joint of angular velocity and angles to move from the desired position to target position. In this study are given different angular velocity and angle of the endpoint of the leg. The work mainly focuses on mechanical design, calculation of kinematic analysis, Jacobian function and experiment data of four-legged robots in MATLAB simulation.
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Liu, Shao Gang, and Farah Edris. "Forward Kinematics Simulation for a Surgical Robot Using CATIA 5." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 22 (March 2015): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.22.21.
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Forward Kinematic simulation of a 6 DOF surgical robot tracking a path through the constraint of the Remote Center of Motion point (RCM) is developed in this paper. Theoretical calculations of the forward kinematics are analyzed by solving the configuration kinematic equations of the robot. CAD prototype of the surgical robot and the patient are created using CATIA5 part and assembly tools. The theoretical results are validated through a Kinematic simulation of CATIA kinematics. The simulation results confirm the usefulness of the six revolute joint robots in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and the efficiency of using the power full CATIA5 software to simulate surgical robot, and checking the robot mechanism capability of doing surgical procedures.
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Siradjuddin, Indrazno, Gilang Al Azhar, Anggit Murdani, and Mukhamad Luqman Muttaqin Faizin. "Desain dan pemodelan kontrol kinematik pergerakan robot beroda dengan menggunakan 6 roda omni-wheels." JURNAL ELTEK 18, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/eltek.v18i1.226.
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Pengembangan desain kontrol kinematic sangatlah penting dalam pengembangan kontrol untuk robot beroda. Hal ini sangat dibutuhkan mengingat bahwa robot beroda memiliki banyak parameter yang mampu merubah persamaan kontrol kinematiknya terutama pada kontrol kinematik untuk robot beroda dengan jenis roda omnidirectional, baik dari segi jenis roda yang digunakan hingga jumlah roda penggerak yang digunakan. Dengan berbagai macam hal yang dapat merubah persamaan kontrol kinematiknya, maka pada makalah ini dibuat sebuah persamaan kontrol kinematik yang general, yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk berbagai macam roda omnidirectional, serta berbagai jumlah roda yang digunakan. Selain itu persamaan general yang telah dibuat, diaplikasikan untuk menguji respon robot beroda dengan menggunakan 6 buah omni-wheels untuk menguji hasil respon dari persamaan general kontrol yang telah dibuat. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan simulasi program dengan menggunakan pemrograman dengan menggunakan Bahasa pemrograman python. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan robot mampu bergerak sesuai dengan arah gerak target yang ditentukan, yaitu membentuk pola jalur yang linier serta mampu bergerak membentuk pola lingkaran dan pola setengah gelombang sinus. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kontrol kinematik yang dirancang mampu membuat robot bergerak sesuai dengan yang direncanakan. Hasil dari respon robot berupa sinyal kontrol, pola yang dibentuk serta nilai perubahan error disajikan dalam bentuk grafik.
Development of the kinematics control is very important for the development of kinematics control for mobile robots. This is very necessary because mobile robots have a lot of factors that can manipulate the equation of its kinematic control, such as the type of wheels, the number of wheels, etc. With this kind of problem, it necessary to generate a general equation for the robot’s kinematic control, which in this journal we purpose the general equation for the mobile robot control, and we evaluate the outcome by applying the general equation into the 6 omnidirectional robot control. To make a valid statement, we simulate the control to understanding the control outcome by using a python program. The results of the simulation show us that the robot can move as planned, that the robot produces a linear trajectory, circular trajectory, and half sine wave trajectory. Depends on the results, it can be concluded that the proposed kinematics control equation can make the robot moves well as we planned. The results of the respons, the trajectory, and the changes in error values are presented in graphical form
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Darajat, Anisa Ulya, Umi Murdika, Ageng Sadnowo Repelianto, and Resty Annisa. "Inverse Kinematic of 1-DOF Robot Manipulator Using Sparse Identification of Nonlinear System." INTEK: Jurnal Penelitian 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31963/intek.v10i1.4202.
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Robot Manipulator is the most robot used in industry since it can act like a human arm that can move objects. Research on robot manipulator has been widely carried out in various problems such as control systems, intelligence robots, degrees of freedom, mechanics-electronics systems and various other problems. In control systems there are studies to design of robot motion through kinematics. However, modeling the kinematic motion which has nonlinear characteristics will be more difficult if the number of degrees of freedom increases. To overcome this problem, this research will proposed sparse regression to modeling the kinematics of a robotic arm with the black box principle modeling. The results obtained indicate that the method The proposed one has the ability to identify robots manipulator with a fitness score of up to 100%. This matter shows that the proposed method can modeling the kinematic inverse of the manipulator robot without through complex calculations. From this research is expected can provide other research opportunities related to identification kinematics with the identification system method
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WIJAYA, RYAN SATRIA, KEVIN ILHAM APRIANDY, M. RIZQI HASAN AL BANNA, RADEN SANGGAR DEWANTO, and DADET PRAMADIHANTO. "Analisis Kinematika dan Pola Gerakan Berjalan pada Robot Bipedal Humanoid T-FLoW 3.0." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 10, no. 1 (January 14, 2022): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v10i1.31.
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ABSTRAKRobot humanoid merupakan robot menyerupai manusia dengan tingkat kompleksitas yang tinggi dan fungsi yang serbaguna. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis model kinematika gerak pada robot bipedal humanoid TFLoW 3.0, serta menganalisis pola gerakan berjalannya. Pola pergerakan yang diimplementasikan pada robot bipedal TFLoW 3.0 merupakan hasil pendekatan dari teori cara berjalan manusia dengan menggunakan enam gerakan dasar manusia saat berjalan. Kemudian menganalisis model gerakan robot menggunakan kinematika terbalik dengan solusi geometri. Tujuan dari model kinematika terbalik adalah untuk mengubah data input berupa posisi kartesian menjadi nilai sudut untuk setiap parameter joint pada masing-masing Degrees of Freedom (DoF). Lalu dilakukan analisis model mekanik robot saat berjalan yang terbagi atas fase tegak dan fase berayun yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil pengujian.Kata kunci: robot humanoid, gaya berjalan, kinematika, TFLoW, DoF. ABSTRACTHumanoid robots are human-like robots with a high level of complexity and versatile functions. In this study, kinematics analyze on TFLoW 3.0 humanoid bipedal robot is carried out, as well as analyzing the pattern of its walking movement. The implemented movement of TFLoW 3.0 bipedal robot is the result of an approach from human walk using six basic human movements when walking. the robot movement model is analyzed by inverse kinematics with geometric solutions. Invers kinematics model is to transform the input data in the form of a Cartesian position into an angle value for each joint parameter in each Degrees of Freedom (DoF). Then an analysis of the robot's mechanical model when walking is carried out which is divided into a stance phase and a swinging phase which aims to determine the test results.Keywords: humanoid robot, gait, kinematics, TFLoW, DoF.
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Sailaja, M., and R. D. V. Prasad. "Back Propagation Method of Artificial Neural Networks for Finding the Position Control of Stanford Manipulator and Direct Kinematic Analysis of Elbow Manipulator." International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology 7, no. 1 (June 11, 2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijermt.v7i1.23.
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Nowadays the robot technology is advancing rapidly and the use of robots in industries has been increasing. In designing a robot manipulator, kinematicsplays a vital role. The kinematic problem of manipulator control is divided into two types, direct kinematics and inverse kinematics. Robot inverse kinematics, which is important in robot path planning, is a fundamental problem in robotic control. Past solutions for this problem have been through the use of various algebraic or algorithmic procedures, which may be less accurate and time consuming. Artificial neural networks have the ability to approximate highly non-linear functions applied in robot control. The neural network approach deserves examination because of the fundamental properties of computation speed, and they can generalize untrained solutions. In the present work an attempt has been made to evaluate the problemof robot inverse kinematics of Stanford manipulator using artificial neural network approach. Finally two programs are written using C language to solve inverse kinematic problem of Stanford manipulator using Back propagation method of artificial neural network. In this network, the input layer has six nodes, the hidden layer has three nodes, and the output layer has two nodes. And also Elbow manipulator was modelled and its direct kinematics was analysed.
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Yir, Khor Ching, Haslina Arshad, and Elankovan Sundararajan. "Offline Programming to Control Robot Manipulator in Virtual Kinematic Learning Tool." Advanced Materials Research 845 (December 2013): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.845.740.
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Robot programming demands skilled robot programmers. Conventional methods of robot programming include teaching robot using the teach pendant and the high level programming language. Teaching robot kinematics and solving kinematic problems are complex and they involve robot programming. With the advancement of computer and robotic technologies, this can be solved via computer simulation. In this paper, an approach for programming the robots manipulator via an offline virtual kinematic learning tool is proposed. A virtual system is developed which has a user interface for users to improve the knowledge of the robot manipulators kinematic. Basic kinematics note, exercise and forward kinematic calculation based on Danavit Hertenberg method was included in the system. A template will be provided to the user as a guide to develop the controller to control the simulation of the virtual robot. The input and output method will be used to transfer data from the controller to the offline kinematic learning tool. After receiving the input, the data is stored in a text file. This data will provide the value of each angle of the virtual robots to allow the system to generate the final position of the virtual robot and the virtual robot manipulator will be displayed and animated accordingly. Besides that, the offline robot programming will be generated by the system according the simulation planned by the user. This offline virtual kinematic simulation will help to provide a better understanding of the robot manipulators kinematic.
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Wooten, Michael, and Ian Walker. "Vine-Inspired Continuum Tendril Robots and Circumnutations." Robotics 7, no. 3 (September 18, 2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics7030058.
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Smooth-backboned “continuum” robot structures offer novel ways to create robot shapes and movements. In this paper, we show how circumnutation, a motion strategy commonly employed by plants, can be implemented and usefully exploited with continuum robots. We discuss how the kinematics of circumnutation, which combines local backbone growth with periodic backbone bending, can be created using extensible continuum robot hardware. The underlying kinematics are generated by adapting kinematic models of plant growth. We illustrate the effectiveness of that approach with experimental results with a tendril-like robot exploring a congested environment.
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Red, W. Edward, and Shao-Wei Gongt. "Automated inverse-kinematics for robot off-line programming." Robotica 12, no. 1 (January 1994): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700018178.
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Automated methods are developed to classify a robot's kinematic type and select an appropriate library inverse-kinematic solution based on this classification. These methods automatically generate DenavitHartenberg joint frame parameters, given any frame representation that can mathematically be represented as a homogeneous transformation.To reduce the number of closed-form inverse-kinematics solutions required for a broad class of serial robots, additional methods account for differences in robot zero state, base frame location, and joint polarity. Further generalization results from using joint frame decoupling to map lower degree-of-freedom robots into the inverse-kinematics solutions of higher degree-offreedom robots.
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Zou, Jing Chao, Liang Wen Wang, Chuan Peng Wang, and Wei Hong Chen. "Kinematics Analysis of Four-Legged Walking Robots for Grabbing Object." Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (November 2012): 1262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.1262.
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Development of integrated hand-foot function is the inevitable choice for the practical application of multi-legged robots. In this paper, a new type of robot which has the structure of four-legged walking robot based on hand-foot-integration is introduced. The image system is installed in the body of the robot, which is used to direct the robot to complete grabbing object. Kinematics relations of grasping states of robot are described. The inverse kinematic is analyzed in details. Firstly, the structure of the robot is introduced. Secondly, the kinematics relation of serial manipulator with grasping function is researched. Finally, the inverse kinematics of robot in grasping object is obtained. The relevant formula is deduced in this paper, and the formula expression is given. The analysis process is last verified through a numerical example. The model can be used for motion control of robot.
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Zhang, Yong Gui, Chen Rong Liu, and Peng Liu. "Industrial Robot Kinematics Parameter Identification." Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (February 2014): 1136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.1136.
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For an industrial robots with unknown parameters, on the basis of preliminary measurement and data of the Cartesian and joints coordinates which are shown on the FlexPendant, the kinematic parameters is identified by using genetic algorithms and accurate kinematics modeling of the robot is established. Experimental data could prove the validity of this method.
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Han, Ziyong, Shihua Yuan, Xueyuan Li, and Junjie Zhou. "Enhanced closed-loop systematic kinematics analysis of wheeled mobile robots." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 16, no. 4 (July 2019): 172988141986324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881419863242.
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The traditional homogeneous transform maintains central position in the kinematic modelling of robotics. However, for these kinematic modelling of wheeled mobile robots over uneven terrain, the homogeneous transform that represents angular velocity implicitly in the time derivative of the rotation matrix has a drawback in orientation representation. In this article, to improve the angular representation, a new general systematic method for kinematics modelling and analysis of wheeled mobile robot is proposed. The approach uses the Sheth–Uicker convention and loop-closure kinematic chains to derive the position, velocity and acceleration kinematics. The screw coordinates are used to reform the velocity kinematics to centroidal kinematics; then, the Jacobian calculation is simplified to solve the screw vector algebra equations instead of the matrix equations. Meanwhile, the linear and angular components of the centroidal kinematics are endowed with physical meanings and are easy to be selected as control variables. The approach is applied to a wheeled mobile robot, and its effectiveness is verified by the simulation results with various terrain.
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Asthana, Shefalika, Srikanth R. Karna, and Irine Ann Shelby. "Amaranthine: Humanoid Robot Kinematics." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 29, no. 01n04 (March 2020): 2040015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156420400157.
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Humanoid robots are employed in a wide range of fields to replicate human actions. This paper presents the mechanism, configuration, mathematical modeling, and workspace of a 3D printed humanoid robot – Amaranthine. It also discusses the potential scope of humanoid robots in the present day and future. Robots can be programmed for automation as per the demand of the task or operations to be performed. Humanoid robots, while being one of the small groups of service robots in the current market, have the greatest potential to become the industrial tool of the future. Introducing a Humanoid Robot-like Amaranthine holds huge scope majorly in the fields of medical assistance, teaching aid, large industries where heavy-duty operations require application-specific software, etc. Amaranthine was 3D printed and assembled at the RISC Lab of University of Bridgeport.
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Wang, Chong, Dongxue Liu, Qun Sun, and Tong Wang. "Analysis of Open Architecture 6R Robot Forward and Inverse Kinematics Adaptive to Structural Variations." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (March 15, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4516109.
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This paper presents a kinematic analysis for an open architecture 6R robot controller, which is designed to control robots made by domestic manufactures with structural variations. Usually, robot kinematic studies are often introduced for specific robot types, and therefore, difficult to apply the kinematic model from one to another robot. This study incorporates most of the robot structural variations in one model so that it is convenient to switch robot types by modifying model parameters. By combining an adequate set of parameters, the kinematic models, especially the inverse kinematics, are derived. The kinematic models are proved to be suitable for many classic industrial robot types, such as Puma560, ABB IRB120/1600, KAWASAKI RS003N/RS010N, FANUC M6iB/M10iA, and therefore be applicable to those with similar structures. The analysis and derivation of the forward and inverse kinematic models are presented, and the results are proven to be accurate.
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Zhao, Da Xu, En Cang Di, Guo Zhong Shou, and Yu Qi Gu. "Kinematics of a 6-DOF Feeding and Unloading Manipulator." Key Engineering Materials 620 (August 2014): 490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.620.490.
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In order to improve the efficiency of kinematics modeling in analyzing robots, this document used Lie groups and screw theory to describe rigid motion of the robot system, established a kinematic model of operating arm based on Product of Exponentials (POE) formula, and analyzed forward and inverse kinematics of chain topology structure robot, as well as several sub-inverse problem of inverse kinematics. A 6-DOF series-wound configuration loading and unloading manipulator has been used as an example, its kinematics equations are established by POE formula combined with screw theory, the special configuration of end effector under a specific task planning are calculated using Mathematica software. By contrast with D-H parameters method, we can draw a conclusion that POE formula and D-H parameters method are essentially equivalent. However, POE formula and motion screw have more definite geometric and physical meaning, neat expression form, convenient algebraic operation, are able to overcome limitations, such as calculation complexity and singularity in solving process, can meet kinematic analysis and real-time control of robot.
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Hernandez-Barragan, Jesus, Gabriel Martinez-Soltero, Jorge D. Rios, Carlos Lopez-Franco, and Alma Y. Alanis. "A Metaheuristic Optimization Approach to Solve Inverse Kinematics of Mobile Dual-Arm Robots." Mathematics 10, no. 21 (November 5, 2022): 4135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10214135.
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This work presents an approach to solving the inverse kinematics of mobile dual-arm robots based on metaheuristic optimization algorithms. First, a kinematic analysis of a mobile dual-arm robot is presented. Second, an objective function is formulated based on the forward kinematics equations. The kinematic analysis does not require using any Jacobian matrix nor its estimation; for this reason, the proposed approach does not suffer from singularities, which is a common problem with conventional inverse kinematics algorithms. Moreover, the proposed method solves cooperative manipulation tasks, especially in the case of coordinated manipulation. Simulation and real-world experiments were performed to verify the proposal’s effectiveness under coordinated inverse kinematics and trajectory tracking tasks. The experimental setup considered a mobile dual-arm system based on the KUKA® Youbot® robot. The solution of the inverse kinematics showed precise and accurate results. Although the proposed approach focuses on coordinated manipulation, it can be implemented to solve non-coordinated tasks.
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Petrescu, Florian Ion Tiberiu, and Relly Victoria Virgil Petrescu. "DIRECT AND INVERSE KINEMATICS TO THE ANTHROPOMORPHIC ROBOTS." Engevista 18, no. 1 (July 27, 2016): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/engevista.v18i1.729.
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The paper presents an original geometrical and kinematic method for the study of geometry and determining positions of a MP-3R structure. It presents shortly the MP-3R direct and inverse kinematics, the inverse kinematics being solved by an original exactly method. One presents shortly an original method to solve the robot inverse kinematics exemplified at the 3R-Robots (MP-3R). The system which must be solved has three equations and three independent parameters to determine. Constructive basis is represented by a robot with three degrees of freedom (a robot with three axes of rotation). If one study (analyzes) an anthropomorphic robot with three axes of rotation (which represents the main movements, absolutely necessary), it already has a base system, on which one can then add other movements (secondary, additional). Calculations were arranged and in the matrix form.
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Iskandar, Fathur Rokhman, Imam Sucahyo, and Meta Yantidewi. "Penerapan Metode Invers kinematik Pada Kontrol Gerak Robot Lengan Tiga Derajat Bebas." Inovasi Fisika Indonesia 9, no. 2 (June 22, 2020): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/ifi.v9n2.p64-71.
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AbstrakRobot didefinisikan sebagai suatu instrumen yang terdiri dari perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak yang berfungsi untuk membantu pekerjaan manusia. Salah satu pekerjaan yang dapat dilakukan oleh robot adalah proses pemindahan barang dari satu tempat ke tempat yang lain. Sistem gerak robot lengan diadaptasi dari sistem gerak lengan manusia yang memiliki sendi atau disebut dengan joint dan link sebagai penghubung antar joint. Pergerakan robot lengan dapat ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode trial-error atau yang biasa dikenal dengan forward kinematik. Namun, metode ini dinilai lebih memakan waktu dan memori. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dibutuhkan metode yang merupakan kebalikan dari metode forward kinematik, yaitu metode invers kinematik. Metode invers kinematik merupakan metode pergerakan robot lengan dengan variabel yang diketahui adalah titik koordinat tujuan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memberi masukan berupa koordinat (x, y, z) pada mikrokontroler. Data tersebut akan diproses menggunakan metode inver kinematik untuk mendapat sudut yang harus dituju oleh motor servo ( ). Sudut sebenarnya yang dituju robot akan diukur secara langsung menggunakan busur derajat ( ) sebagai pembanding. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, didapatkan hasil persentase error rata-rata untuk servo 1 sebesar 0,14%, servo 2 sebesar 0,43%, dan servo 3 sebesar 6,47%, servo 3 pada robot lengan memiliki nilai minimal yang bisa dicapai yaitu sebesar 50o. Persentase error rata-rata untuk sumbu X sebesar 0,42%, sumbu Y sebesar 5,03%, dan sumbu Z sebesar 3,46%. Dari hasil tersebut dapat dikatakan bahwa metode invers kinematik merupakan metode yang baik sebagai metode kontrol gerak robot lengan.Kata Kunci: robot lengan. Invers kinematik, forward kinematik. AbstractRobot is determined as an instrument consisting of hardware and software that functions to help human work. One of the jobs that can be done by robots is the process of moving goods from one place to another. Robot arm motion system is adapted from the human arm motion system which has joints and links to connected the joints. The movement of the robot arm can be determined by using the trial-error method or commonly known as forward kinematics. However, this method consumes more time and memory. To overcome this, we need a method which is the opposite of the forward kinematics method, that is inverse kinematics method. Inverse kinematics method is a method of robot arm movement with the coordinates point of destination as the known variable. The study was conducted by providing input in the form of coordinates (x, y, z) on the microcontroller. The data will be processed using inverse kinematics method to get the desired angle that will be reached by the servo motor ( ). The actual angle that the robot is pointing to will be measured directly using a protractor ( ) as a comparison. From the experiments carried out, the average error percentage for servo 1 is 0.14%, servo 2 is 0.43%, and servo 3 is 6.47%, servo 3 on the robot arm has a minimum value that can be achieved that is equal to 50o. The average error percentage for the X axis is 0.42%, the Y axis is 5.03%, and the Z axis is 3.46%. From these results, it can be said that the inverse kinematics method is a good method as a controlling method of robot arm motion.Keywords: robot arm, inverse kinematics, forward kinematics.
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Chen, Xuedong, Keigo Watanabe, and Kiyotaka Izumi. "Joint Positions and Robot Stability of the Omnidirectional Crawling Quadruped Robot." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 11, no. 6 (December 20, 1999): 510–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1999.p0510.
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Determination of joint positions, judgment of robot stability, and selection of the consequential swing leg are keys to crawling control for quadruped robots. We derive an efficient way to obtain actuation variables of joint positions to satisfy the gait for quadruped robots. By defining the statically stable area for foot placement, a new approach on analysis of robot stability is presented. Unlike conventionally, we avoid solving complicated direct robot kinematics as an overall kinematic chain and simultaneously show information on robot stability and the stable range of foot placement. Effectiveness is shown in practical crawling experiments.
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Baran, Eray A., Ozhan Ozen, Dogacan Bilgili, and Asif Sabanovic. "Unified Kinematics of Prismatically Actuated Parallel Delta Robots." Robotica 37, no. 9 (February 15, 2019): 1513–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574719000092.
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SummaryThis paper presents a unified formulation for the kinematics, singularity and workspace analyses of parallel delta robots with prismatic actuation. Unlike the existing studies, the derivations presented in this paper are made by assuming variable angles and variable link lengths. Thus, the presented scheme can be used for all of the possible linear delta robot configurations including the ones with asymmetric kinematic chains. Referring to a geometry-based derivation, the paper first formulates the position and the velocity kinematics of linear delta robots with non-iterative exact solutions. Then, all of the singular configurations are identified assuming a parametric content for the Jacobian matrix derived in the velocity kinematics section. Furthermore, a benchmark study is carried out to determine the linear delta robot configuration with the maximum cubic workspace among symmetric and semi-symmetric kinematic chains. In order to show the validity of the proposed approach, two sets of experiments are made, respectively, on the horizontal and the Keops type of linear delta robots. The experiment results for the confirmation of the presented kinematic analysis and the simulation results for the determination of the maximum cubic workspace illustrate the efficacy and the flexible applicability of the proposed framework.
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Slavković, Nikola, Saša Živanović, Nikola Vorkapić, and Zoran Dimić. "Development of the programming and simulation system of 4-axis robot with hybrid kinematic." FME Transactions 50, no. 3 (2022): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fme2203403s.
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This paper presents an approach for developing the programming and offline simulation systems for low-cost industrial robots in the MatLab/Simulink environment. The approach is presented in the example of a virtual model of a 4-axis robot with hybrid kinematics intended for manipulation tasks. The industrial robot with hybrid kinematics consists of the well-known 5R planar parallel mechanism to which two serial axes have been added. The programming system developed in a MatLab environment involves generating G-code programs based on given pick and place points. The virtual model included in the simulation system is configured in the Simulink environment based on the CAD model of the robot and its kinematic structure. The kinematic model and the inverse kinematic problem have to be included in the virtual model to realize the motion of the virtual robot. The system of programming and simulation has been verified through several examples that include object manipulation to perform various tasks.
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Douadi, Lounis, Davide Spinello, Wail Gueaieb, and Hassan Sarfraz. "Planar kinematics analysis of a snake-like robot." Robotica 32, no. 5 (November 4, 2013): 659–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026357471300091x.
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SUMMARYThis paper presents the kinematics of a planar multibody vehicle which is aimed at the exploration, data collection, non-destructive testing and general autonomous navigation and operations in confined environments such as pipelines. The robot is made of several identical modules hinged by passive revolute joints. Every module is actuated with four active revolute joints and can be regarded as a parallel mechanism on a mobile platform. The proposed kinematics allows to overcome the nonholonomic kinematic constraint, which characterizes typical wheeled robots, resulting into a higher number of degrees of freedom and therefore augmented actuation inputs. Singularities in the kinematics of the modules are analytically identified. We present the dimensional synthesis of the length of the arms obtained as the solution of an optimization problem with respect to a suitable dexterity index. Simulation results illustrate a kinematic control path following inside pipes. Critical scenarios such as 135° elbows and concentric restriction are explored. Path following shows the kinematic capability of deployment of the robot for autonomous operations in pipelines, with feedback implemented by on-board sensors.
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Tian, Yingzhong, Mingxuan Luan, Xu Gao, Wenbin Wang, and Long Li. "Kinematic Analysis of Continuum Robot Consisted of Driven Flexible Rods." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6984194.
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This paper presents the kinematic analysis of a continuum bionic robot with three flexible actuation rods. Since the motion of the end-effector is actuated by the deformation of the rods, the robot structure is with high elasticity and good compliance and the kinematic analysis of the robot requires special treatment. We propose a kinematic model based on the geometry with constant curvature. The analysis consists of two independent mappings: a general mapping for the kinematics of all robots and a specific mapping for this kind of robots. Both of those mappings are developed for the single section and for the multisections. We aim at providing a guide for kinematic analysis of the similar manipulators through this paper.
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Xin, Shi Zhi, Luo Yu Feng, Hang Lu Bing, and Yang Ting Li. "A Simple Method for Inverse Kinematic Analysis of the General 6R Serial Robot." Journal of Mechanical Design 129, no. 8 (August 18, 2006): 793–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2735636.
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The inverse kinematic analysis of the general 6R serial robot has been a very significant and important problem in the theory of the spatial mechanisms. Because the solution to inverse kinematics problem of the general 5R serial robot is unique and its assembly condition has been derived, a simple effective method for inverse kinematics problem of general 6R serial robot or forward kinematics problem of general 7R single-loop mechanism is presented based on a one-dimension searching algorithm. All the real solutions to inverse kinematics problems of the general 6R serial robot or forward kinematics problems of the general 7R single-loop mechanism can be obtained. The new method has the following features: (1) using one-dimension searching algorithm, all the real inverse kinematic solutions are obtained and it has higher computing efficiency; and (2) compared with the algebraic method, it has evidently reduced the difficulty of deducing formulas. The principle of the new method can be generalized to kinematic analysis of parallel mechanisms.
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Setyawan, Muhammad Ramadhan Hadi, Raden Sanggar Dewanto, Bayu Sandi Marta, Eko Henfri Binugroho, and Dadet Pramadihanto. "Kinematics modeling of six degrees of freedom humanoid robot arm using improved damped least squares for visual grasping." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i1.pp288-298.
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<span lang="EN-US">The robotic arm has functioned as an arm in the humanoid robot and is generally used to perform grasping tasks. Accordingly, kinematics modeling both forward and inverse kinematics is required to calculate the end-effector position in the cartesian space before performing grasping activities. This research presents the kinematics modeling of six degrees of freedom (6-DOF) robotic arm of the T-FLoW humanoid robot for the grasping mechanism of visual grasping systems on the robot operating system (ROS) platform and CoppeliaSim. Kinematic singularity is a common problem in the inverse kinematics model of robots, but. However, other problems are mechanical limitations and computational time. The work uses the homogeneous transformation matrix (HTM) based on the Euler system of the robot for the forward kinematics and demonstrates the capability of an improved damped least squares (I-DLS) method for the inverse kinematics. The I-DLS method was obtained by improving the original DLS method with the joint limits and clamping techniques. The I-DLS performs better than the original DLS during the experiments yet increases the calculation iteration by 10.95%, with a maximum error position between the end-effector and target positions in path planning of 0.1 cm.</span>
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Petrescu, Florian Ion Tiberiu, and Relly Victoria Virgil Petrescu. "ABOUT THE ANTHROPOMORPHIC ROBOTS." Engevista 17, no. 1 (May 9, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/engevista.v17i1.565.
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The paper presents an original geometrical and kinematic method for the study of geometry and determining positions of a MP-3R structure of the anthropomorphic robots. It presents shortly the MP-3R direct and inverse kinematics, the inverse kinematics being solved by an original exactly method. One presents shortly an original method to solve the robot inverse kinematics exemplified at the 3R-Robots (MP-3R). The system which must be solved has three equations and three independent parameters to determine. Constructive basis is represented by a robot with three degrees of freedom (a robot with three axes of rotation). If we study (analyze) an anthropomorphic robot with three axes of rotation (which represents the main movements, absolutely necessary), we already have a base system, on which we can then add other movements (secondary, additional). Calculations were arranged and in the matrix form. The most commonly used serial structures over the last 20 or 30 years are those of type 3R, 4R, 5R, 6R, having as constituents essential basic kinematic chain 3R, robot anthropomorphic (RRR), where main rotation around a vertical axis, causes the construction. It can thus passes from the study spatial movement, which is more difficult, to the study motion plane, basic movement, for all the robots and fillers serial movements of rotation. Moving flat, horizontal or vertical, shall be undertaken far more easily than the spatial integration with the convenience simple in the space of which it is part. We will exemplify the basic structure existing in a few serial platforms of rotation, these being the most generalized (more widespread) at the present time. In this work will be pursued and the direct and inverse kinematics of these mechanical systems. It can make the transition from 3R systems-level 2R and vice versa.
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Csaba Zoltan, Mate, Faluvegi Erzsebet, and Cristea Luciana. "Mathematical Simulation of Leg's a 5-Dof a Biped Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 186 (June 2012): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.186.221.
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This paper aims to present special issues concerning the analysis of mobile robots with kinematic motion effects on the stability study. In the analysis, the authors used inverse kinematics, which enables rapid modelling and identifying solutions as regards the stability of bipedal robots. The symbolic solution for kinematics equations of biped robots is of great importance for the efficient controllability of these robots. In recent years, numerous researches have been done based on simulation of legged mechanism, especially on biped robots simulation and control. The following article focuses on the biped robot simulation and control handle with the aid of mathematical modeling methods (in MATLAB)
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Farah, Edris, and Shao Gang Liu. "3D Modeling and Closed-Form Inverse Kinematics Solution for 6dof Surgical Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 455 (November 2013): 533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.455.533.
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Since robots began to inter the medical fields, more research efforts and more attention have been given to this kind of robots. In this paper six degrees of freedom surgical robot was studied. The Denavit-Hartenberg parameters of the robot have been computed and 3D model has been built by using open source robotics toolbox. The paper also discussed a closed form solution for the inverse kinematics problem by using inverse kinematic decoupling method.
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Chen, Ya, Dianjun Wang, Haoxiang Zhong, Yadong Zhu, Jiaheng Yang, and Chaoxing Wang. "Design and Motion Analysis of a Mobile Robot Based on Linkage Suspension." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 26, no. 3 (May 20, 2022): 355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2022.p0355.
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With the wide application of mobile robots, their environment and tasks are becoming more complex. There are more requirements for its performance, such as improving environmental adaptability, while ensuring efficiency. This study proposes an all-terrain mobile robot with a linkage suspension and its complex kinematics and dynamic model are studied. According to the wheelcenter modeling method, the kinematic characteristics of the six wheels of a mobile robot under irregular terrain are analyzed and the kinematics theoretical model is established. Based on the D’Alembert principle, the dynamic model of each stage is established as the robot climbs over the steps. Thereafter, motion simulation analysis is conducted using a virtual prototype technology to verify the rationality of the structural design. Finally, the error test of the mobile robot prototype is executed, and the average deviation error of linear motion is 13.251 mm, whereas the forward and backward in situ turning errors are 9.906 mm and 9.189 mm, respectively. The test results indicate that the kinematics theoretical analysis of the mobile robot is reasonable, and the robot has good motion ability. This study provides a theoretical basis for the research of high-quality navigation and control system of the mobile robot.
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Jin, XueJun, Jinwoo Jung, Seong Ko, Eunpyo Choi, Jong-Oh Park, and Chang-Sei Kim. "Geometric Parameter Calibration for a Cable-Driven Parallel Robot Based on a Single One-Dimensional Laser Distance Sensor Measurement and Experimental Modeling." Sensors 18, no. 7 (July 23, 2018): 2392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18072392.
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A cable-driven parallel robot has benefits of wide workspace, high payload, and high dynamic response owing to its light cable actuator utilization. For wide workspace applications, in particular, the body frame becomes large to cover the wide workspace that causes robot kinematic errors resulting from geometric uncertainty. However, appropriate sensors as well as inexpensive and easy calibration methods to measure the actual robot kinematic parameters are not currently available. Hence, we present a calibration sensor device and an auto-calibration methodology for the over-constrained cable-driven parallel robots using one-dimension laser distance sensors attached to the robot end-effector, to overcome the robot geometric uncertainty and to implement precise robot control. A novel calibration workflow with five phases—preparation, modeling, measuring, identification, and adjustment—is proposed. The proposed calibration algorithms cover the cable-driven parallel robot kinematics, as well as uncertainty modeling such as cable elongation and pulley kinematics. We performed extensive simulations and experiments to verify the performance of the suggested method using the MINI cable robot. The experimental results show that the kinematic parameters can be identified correctly with 0.92 mm accuracy, and the robot position control accuracy is increased by 58%. Finally, we verified that the developed calibration sensor devices and the calibration methodology are applicable to the massive-size cable-driven parallel robot system.
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Meng, Guang Zhu, Guang Ming Yuan, Zhe Liu, and Jun Zhang. "Forward and Inverse Kinematic of Continuum Robot for Search and Rescue." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 2290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.2290.
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Continuum robot is a new type robot which has many applications,such as medical surgery, mine collapse, urban search and rescue etc. In this paper, the forward and inverse kinematics analysis of continuum robot for search and rescue is presented. The forword kinematic has been formulated by product of exponentials. The inverse kinematics for the robot is carried out by a geometrical approach. Finally, the forward and inverse kinematic simulation is completed by Matlab. The simulation results are given for the robot to illustrate the method effectiveness.
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Kang, Rongjie, Hélène Chanal, Jian S. Dai, and Pascal Ray. "Comparison of numerical and neural network methods for the kinematic modeling of a hybrid structure robot." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 229, no. 6 (July 8, 2014): 1162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406214542169.
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A combination of parallel and serial mechanisms allows for stiff and dexterous motion of the robotic end-effector but increases the complexity of the kinematic problem. Many of the geometric parameters for such robots are difficult to obtain. This paper presents the numerical and neural network methods to solve the kinematics for such a hybrid robot named Exechon®. Both methods avoid the geometric measurement in the real robot. The geometric parameters used in the numerical model are identified by a particle swarm optimization algorithm. At the same time, a radial basis function-based neural network is trained to approximate the kinematics of the Exechon robot. The resultant models are then compared in terms of modeling accuracy and real-time ability. The presented methods are generic and can be applied to other robots with similar structures.
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Zhao, Rongbo, Zhiping Shi, Yong Guan, Zhenzhou Shao, Qianying Zhang, and Guohui Wang. "Inverse kinematic solution of 6R robot manipulators based on screw theory and the Paden–Kahan subproblem." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 15, no. 6 (November 1, 2018): 172988141881829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881418818297.
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The traditional Denavit–Hatenberg method is a relatively mature method for modeling the kinematics of robots. However, it has an obvious drawback, in that the parameters of the Denavit–Hatenberg model are discontinuous, resulting in singularity when the adjacent joint axes are parallel or close to parallel. As a result, this model is not suitable for kinematic calibration. In this article, to avoid the problem of singularity, the product of exponentials method based on screw theory is employed for kinematics modeling. In addition, the inverse kinematics of the 6R robot manipulator is solved by adopting analytical, geometric, and algebraic methods combined with the Paden–Kahan subproblem as well as matrix theory. Moreover, the kinematic parameters of the Denavit–Hatenberg and the product of exponentials-based models are analyzed, and the singularity of the two models is illustrated. Finally, eight solutions of inverse kinematics are obtained, and the correctness and high level of accuracy of the algorithm proposed in this article are verified. This algorithm provides a reference for the inverse kinematics of robots with three adjacent parallel joints.
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Lin, Feng Yun, Ji Rong Wang, and Yu Wang. "Study on Kinematics of a Ice-Skater Robot of Passive Wheel Type and its Structure Characteristics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 415 (September 2013): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.415.60.
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This paper put forward the idea of ice skater robot of passive wheeled type integrating the features of wheeled mobile robots and legged mobile robots. The motion principle of a kind of leg-wheeled robot was analyzed. On the basis of introduction of kinematics analysis, the paper gives the model of the robot kinematics, Meanwhile, the paper analyzes the motion condition of the robot.
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Cheng, Xiang Li, Yi Qi Zhou, Cui Peng Zuo, and Xiao Hua Fan. "Kinematical Analysis and Simulation of Upper Limb Rehabilitation Robot." Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (April 2011): 1315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.1315.
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To assist stroke patients with rehabilitation training, an upper limb rehabilitation robot with an exoskeleton structure and three degrees of freedom (DOF) was developed in this paper. Under the guidance of the theory of rehabilitation medicine, the mechanical design of the robot was completed. Then, the kinematics equations were established by means of homogeneous transformation, including the forward kinematics and the inverse kinematics. The kinematical analysis was carried out and the algebraic solution of inverse kinematics was derived, which provided a theoretical basis for realizing the intelligent control. To validate the performance, the kinematical simulation was conducted, and the simulation results showed that the design of the exoskeleton robot was feasible.
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Li, Hong Jun, Wei Jiang, Yu Yan, An Zhang, and Gan Zuo. "Operation Motion Planning and Principle Prototype Design of Four-Wheel-Driven Mobile Robot for High-Voltage Double-Split Transmission Lines." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (March 19, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6195320.
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In response to the problems of high labor intensity, high risk, and poor reliability of artificial live working, a four-wheel-driven spacer bar replacement mobile operation robot has been designed and developed in this paper, and the corresponding kinematic and dynamics model have been established, based on the established double models, the kinematics and dynamics numerical analysis can be realized through INVENTOR and ADAMS, respectively, based on the established kinematics and dynamics models . The results show that the simulation value of the robot joint displacement, velocity, acceleration, and joint force can be able to meet the requirements of kinematic and dynamic constraints during the robot operation. The robot prototype can meet the requirement of dual-split robot working space and the operation joint force control, which not only extend the robot adaptability to the multisplit lines heterogeneous operation environment but also provide an important theoretical technical support for the exploit of the robot physical prototype. Through the robot kinematics and dynamics analysis, the robot mechanical structure parameters and electrical control parameters have been effectively optimized. The weight and cost of the robot have been reduced by 12% and 15% compared to the existed studies. Finally, the robot principle prototype mobile platform has been developed, and the correctness of robot kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis has been verified through the robot principle prototype mobile platform.
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Urrea, Claudio, and Daniel Saa. "Design and Implementation of a Graphic Simulator for Calculating the Inverse Kinematics of a Redundant Planar Manipulator Robot." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (September 27, 2020): 6770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196770.
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In this paper, a graphics simulator that allows for characterizing the kinematic and dynamic behavior of redundant planar manipulator robots is presented. This graphics simulator is implemented using the Solidworks software and the SimMechanics Toolbox of MATLAB/Simulink. To calculate the inverse kinematics of this type of robot, an algorithm based on the probabilistic method called Simulated Annealing is proposed. By means of this method, it is possible to obtain, among many possibilities, the best solution for inverse kinematics. Without losing generality, the performance of metaheuristic algorithm is tested in a 6-DoF (Degrees of Freedom) virtual robot. The Cartesian coordinates (x,y) of the end effector of the robot under study can be accessed through a graphic interface, thereby automatically calculating its inverse kinematics, and yielding the solution set with the position adopted by each joint for each coordinate entered. Dynamic equations are obtained from the Lagrange–Euler formulation. To generate the joint trajectories, an interpolation method with a third order polynomial is used. The effectiveness of the developed methodologies is verified through computational simulations of a virtual robot.
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Nugraha, Ilham Defra. "Pendekatan Geometri untuk Perhitungan Inverse Kinematics Gerakan Lengan Robot 4 Derajat Kebebasan." Jurnal Teknik Mesin ITI 5, no. 1 (March 12, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31543/jtm.v5i1.572.
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Dalam penelitian ini telah berhasil dikembangkan sebuah robot lengan empat derajat kebebasan yang mampu bergerak dalam ruang tiga dimensi. Gerakan robot dalam lingkungan dimodelkan dengan cara menetapkan posisi ujung bagian robot dalam sistem koordinat kartesius yang terdiri dari sumbu-x, sumbu-y, dan sumbu-z. Robot bergerak dengan memutar sendi-sendi nya, maka besarnya sudut putaran sendi tersebut harus dihitung agar ujung robot dapat bergerak mencapai koordinat posisi yang diinginkan. Inverse Kinematics adalah proses matematis yang dapat menghitung besarnya sudut sendi robot dari diketahui koordinat posisi ujung robot. Dalam penelitian ini rumus Inverse Kinematics untuk menghitung sudut sendi menggunakan pendekatan geometri. Rumus Inverse Kinematic digunakan untuk menyusun program kontroler agar kontroler dapat mengkalkulasi sudut putar sendi dari diinput data koordinat posisi tujuan gerak yang diinginkan, kemudian kontroler mengirim sinyal memutarkan motor listrik yang memutar sendi tersebut, dimana besar sudut putarnya sesuai hasil kalkulasi. Prototipe robot yang dibuat memiliki empat sendi putar, di ujung bagian robot terdapat modul gripper yang dapat mencengkram benda, dan bentangan maksimumnya adalah 31,85cm. Hasil pengujian gerak menunjukan rata-rata kesalahan koordinatnya adalah 9,415mm.Kata kunci: Robot, Sendi, Gerak, Putar, Sudut, Koordinat, Posisi, Kinematika.
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Zhao, Si Jun, Jia Yua Shan, and Lu Yan Bi. "6-Axis Serial Robot Simulation Based on SimulationX." Applied Mechanics and Materials 152-154 (January 2012): 1010–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.152-154.1010.
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This paper presents research and simulation analysis on kinematics and dynamics problem based on the 6-axis serial robot. By means of Denavit-Hartenberg method, the robot kinematics model is established as well as and the derivation process of kinematic and inverse kinematic resolution is described in detail. Furthermore, in software simulationX, robot system model including mechanical sub-system and control sub-system are founded. Additionally, through simulation, different performances of robot are illustrated based on different trajectory planning and control. In this way a theoretical reference is provided for the further study on trajectory planning and controls of 6-axis serial robot.
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Huang, Yu Chuan, Dao Kui Qu, Fang Xu, and Wen Xiang Zhang. "An Approach Dealing with Wrist Singularity of Six-DOF Industrial Robots." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 1936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.1936.
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This paper presents an engineering method for analyzing the kinematics and inverse kinematics of a kind of Six-DOF industrial robots. Firstly, we build an engineering coordinate system for this kind robot, and then get expressions of closed-form solutions to both kinematics and inverse kinematics. From the process of deducing the expressions of closed-form solutions, we can analyze common singularities existing in workspace. Lastly, we design programs for both kinematics and inverse kinematics and simulate the movement of this kind robot. This method, compared with the structures of traditional solutions, is easier and understandability by leading into two conceptions- the position end and the tool end. What is more significant is that the robot can move safely when the wrist is under the singularity by using transitional stage. The transitional stage can make the tool of the robot move a line without join angel sudden change. The program solves the problem that all domestic industrial robots can not move when the wrist is under the singularity. This program is realized successfully on the welding robot of SIASUN Corporation.
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Meng XianHui and Yuan Chong. "X3D-based Virtual Prototype Robot Mechanism Simulation." International Journal of Advanced Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing 7, no. 1 (January 2015): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijapuc.2015010103.
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This paper mainly studies the goal when using standard X3D robot virtual prototype technology research, design, and kinematics simulation of the body. In the study, the virtual prototype model should be able to satisfy the basic research and design of industrial robot kinematics. Validation X3D technology in the design of virtual prototype of robots can have good effective action. The design of industrial robot virtualization is positive. This work includes X3D technology based on the model, the robot kinematics mathematic model of virtual prototype, and the use of this robot kinematics model using the model analysis of the performance parameters of the robot virtual prototype. This paper solves X3D using the virtual prototype technology robot run to learn some key problems of the simulation of the virtual prototype of robot X3D expression methods (robot virtual body expression, organization, the assembly, and the constraint X3D research). Based on the virtual prototype, X3D is inverse kinematics calculation model.
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Han, Xiu Shu, and Qiang Tian. "Kinematics Analysis of Palletizing Robot." Advanced Materials Research 915-916 (April 2014): 477–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.915-916.477.
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Structure analysis on four-bar linkage adopted in four-DOF palletizing robot is done in this paper. In the meanwhile, kinematics analysis of the robot modeled through D-H method, including forward kinematics, inverse kinematics, working space and flexibility, is accomplished. Furthermore, simulation of working space is done by taking advantage of the software MATLAB, and experimental verification of palletizing prototype engine under laboratory environment is also completed, which has demonstrated the feasibility of the robots working space and operational capability.
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Hu, Lanqing, Haibo Gao, Haibo Qu, and Zhen Liu. "Closeness to singularity based on kinematics and dynamics and singularity avoidance of a planar parallel robot with kinematic redundancy." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 236, no. 7 (November 25, 2021): 3717–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09544062211045475.
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Planar parallel robots are appealing due to their structural simplicity, high stiffness, and large payload capacity. One major problem is that workspace and singularity of non-redundant parallel robots are unchangeable. Hence, when the desired path crossed with singularity or exceeded the workspace’s boundary, the robot is incapable of finishing the task. Another one is closeness to singularity. If one can know the distance between the end manipulator and singularity or workspace’s boundary, the robot will avoid lose control or breakdown. Compared with the traditional planar parallel robot, the planar parallel robot with kinematic redundancy possesses the advantages of avoiding singularity, expanding workspace by adjusting kinematic redundancy parameter. Therefore, the objective of this article is to present an offline action-strategy of a planar robot with kinematic redundancy to measure the closeness to singularity and avoid singularity. It includes two main parts: First, before the robot moves along the desired paths, the closeness to singularity was measured based on the performance of the kinematics and dynamics so that one can know where to pause the robot. Second, an algorithm is designed to previously find the proper kinematic redundancy parameters for changing singularity and workspace. Hence, the robot can smoothly move far from the singularity to finish all paths. The results indicate that the robot can adjust its configuration to well realize the goal by the offline action-strategy.
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Widyacandra, Ayu, Adnan Rafi Al Tahtawi, and Martin Martin. "Forward and inverse kinematics modeling of 3-DoF AX-12A robotic manipulator." JITEL (Jurnal Ilmiah Telekomunikasi, Elektronika, dan Listrik Tenaga) 2, no. 2 (September 30, 2022): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35313/jitel.v2.i2.2022.139-150.
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The presence of robots that can assist humans with heavy or dangerous work makes the need for robots more pressing at the moment. One type of robot needed is a robot arm, which is widely used in the manufacturing industry, such as in the assembly process and pick and place. The types of robotic arms used vary both in terms of configuration and the number of degrees of freedom. However, with different types of robotic arms, different models of movement are used. Therefore, research related to the modeling of the robotic arm continues to be carried out to obtain the appropriate movement of the robotic arm. One of the methods used as a first step in designing a robotic arm movement model is kinematics analysis. Kinematics analysis aims to analyze the movement of the robot arm without knowing what force causes the movement. This paper aims to produce an ideal movement model for the AX-12A 3-DoF robotic arm using forward kinematic and inverse kinematic analysis using two methods, the Denavit-Haterberg method and the geometric approach method. The difference from other papers is that this paper makes the kinematics model using Robotic, Vision, and Control (RVC) tools based on the Peter I. Corke model on MATLAB software first before implementing it on hardware. The results show that the error percentage for the forward kinematic model is 1.04% and the inverse kinematic is 0.76%, which means the two models achieved the target that the model’s error maximum must be less than 2%.
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Prathab, T. Raja, R. Suja Mani Malar, and T. Ahilan. "A Method of Extended Jacobian and Firefly Algorithm for the Kinematic Analysis of Planar Robots." IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v6i2.pp141-150.
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Planar robots are one of the optimal robot form impacted in typical Cartesian plane. It consists of fixed divisions and connectors positioned in series which offers like working of human arm. The one end of robot arm position is fixed and the other arm of the robot move through the Cartesian plane by modifying the framework of arm joints. The kinematic analysis on planar robot includes position, velocity and acceleration are validated not by considering the force which cause motion to robot. The manipulator with lack of design and fault tolerant operation is analytical for application in remote and threat environment where periodic maintenance and improvements are not available. The most advanced architecture and operational flexibility of robots offer new probability and advancement in a large scale of fabrication process. This paper proposes inverse kinematic analysis of PUMA 560 robotic arm to conclude long range of fault tolerance. The proposed work incorporates Jacobian and Firefly algorithm are generally useful for determining inverse kinematics for redundant robots.
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Segura, G. Crhistian C., Juan Hernandez, Oscar F. S. Avilés, Mauricio M. Mauledoux, and Max Suell Dutra. "Differential Model for a Six-Weeled Robot (ACM1PT)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 823 (January 2016): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.823.435.
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The article aims to make the description of the process for obtaining a mathematician, kinematic and dynamic model of a six-wheeled robot, in order to obtain a representation that allows simulations of drivers in the following items addressed in different ways the development of differential kinematics robots mostly with castor wheel as a fulcrum.
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Staicu, Stefan, Zhufeng Shao, Zhaokun Zhang, Xiaoqiang Tang, and Liping Wang. "Kinematic analysis of the X4 translational–rotational parallel robot." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 15, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 172988141880384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881418803849.
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High-speed pick-and-place parallel manipulators have attracted considerable academic and industrial attention because of their numerous commercial applications. The X4 parallel robot was recently presented at Tsinghua University. This robot is a four-degree-of-freedom spatial parallel manipulator that consists of high-speed closed kinematic chains. Each of its limbs comprises an active pendulum and a passive parallelogram, which are connected to the end effector with other revolute joints. Kinematic issues of the X4 parallel robot, such as degree of freedom analysis, inverse kinematics, and singularity locus, are investigated in this study. Recursive matrix relations of kinematics are established, and expressions that determine the position, velocity, and acceleration of each robot element are developed. Finally, kinematic simulations of actuators and passive joints are conducted. The analysis and modeling methods illustrated in this study can be further applied to the kinematics research of other parallel mechanisms.
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Meng, Guang Zhu, Ling Yu Sun, Ping Peng, Xian Chun Meng, Hong Mei Wang, and Jian Wei Zhang. "Jacobian Matrix of a Novel Continuum Robot for Search and Rescue." Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (February 2013): 1695–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.1695.
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In this paper, a novel continuum robot for search and rescue is presented. A forward kinematic model is derived by product of exponentials formula, compare with conventional D-H method, this method is concise and simplicity. Finally, based on the differential kinematics using the chain rule, the overall Jacobian of the robot is established. This approach can be generally applied to various continuum robots, regardless of the specific actuation system used.
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Wang, Hongxing, LianZheng Ge, Ruifeng Li, Yunfeng Gao, and Chuqing Cao. "Motion optimization of humanoid mobile robot with high redundancy." Assembly Automation 41, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-06-2020-0083.
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Purpose An optimal solution method based on 2-norm is proposed in this study to solve the inverse kinematics multiple-solution problem caused by a high redundancy. The current research also presents a motion optimization based on the 2-Norm of high-redundant mobile humanoid robots, in which a kinematic model is designed through the entire modeling. Design/methodology/approach The current study designs a highly redundant humanoid mobile robot with a differential mobile platform. The high-redundancy mobile humanoid robot consists of three modular parts (differential driving platform with two degrees of freedom (DOF), namely, left and right arms with seven DOF, respectively) and has total of 14 DOFs. Given the high redundancy of humanoid mobile robot, a kinematic model is designed through the entire modeling and an optimal solution extraction method based on 2-norm is proposed to solve the inverse kinematics multiple solutions problem. That is, the 2-norm of the angle difference before and after rotation is used as the shortest stroke index to select the optimal solution. The optimal solution of the inverse kinematics equation in the step is obtained by solving the minimum value of the objective function of a step. Through the step-by-step cycle in the entire tracking process, the kinematic optimization of the highly redundant humanoid robot in the entire tracking process is realized. Findings Compared with the before and after motion optimizations based on the 2-norm algorithm of the robot, its motion after optimization shows minimal fluctuation, improved smoothness, limited energy consumption and short path during the entire mobile tracking and operating process. Research limitations/implications In this paper, the whole kinematics model of the highly redundant humanoid mobile robot is established and its motion is optimized based on 2-norm, which provides a theoretical basis for the follow-up research of the service robot. Practical implications In this paper, the whole kinematics model of the highly redundant humanoid mobile robot is established and its motion is optimized based on 2-norm, which provides a theoretical basis for the follow-up research of the service robot. Social implications In this paper, the whole kinematics model of the highly redundant humanoid mobile robot is established and its motion is optimized based on 2-norm, which provides a theoretical basis for the follow-up research of the service robot. Originality/value Motion optimization based on the 2-norm of a highly redundant humanoid mobile robot with the entire modeling is performed on the basis of the entire modeling. This motion optimization can make the highly redundant humanoid mobile robot’s motion path considerably short, minimize energy loss and shorten time. These researches provide a theoretical basis for the follow-up research of the service robot, including tracking and operating target, etc. Finally, the motion optimization algorithm is verified by the tracking and operating behaviors of the robot and an example.
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Trang, Trung Thanh, Guang Wei Li, and Long Thanh Pham. "A Techniques to Downgrade Objective Function in Parallel Robot Kinematics Problem." IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v4i3.pp186-195.
Full textAbstract:
Quadratic functions and quaternary functions are preferable forms solving parallel robot kinematics problems. In order to simplify and to use only one method to solve all forms of the objective functions, this article introduces prevalent techniques to downgrade mathematical model of the objective functions from quaternary function to quadratic function in parallel robot kinematics problem. By using equivalent alternative kinematic structure and additional mathematical constraints, we will change from the study of parallel robot kinematics problem with the form of quaternary objective function as the original configuration to equivalent alternative configuration in the form of quadratic objective function. The parallel robot kinematics problem based on alternative configuration with quadratic objective function is not only simpler but also helps to quickly identify the mathmatical relationships in the joint space and work space of parallel robot. Then, more accurate control solution of parallel robot kinematics problem can be identified. Moreover, by using techniques in this study, all forms of objective functions of parallel robot of any structure can be easily solved. The result from numerical simulation has been used to prove the presented approaches.