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Journal articles on the topic 'Robotic flexible endoscopes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Zhang, Aoyu, Zhimin Han, Xiguang Wang, Randall Briggs, and Tianyu Xie. "Mixed control scheme for accurate control of robotic flexible endoscope." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 14, no. 2 (2017): 172988141770250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881417702506.

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Tendon-driven endoscopes are mainly used in the current practice. Their flexible bodies may change frequently during the processes of biopsy, endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection. These changes lead to backlash hysteresis and nonlinear friction effects, which make it difficult to achieve accurate control. To address this problem, a mixed control scheme based on the combination of discrete and continuous models was proposed and quantitatively compared with a conventional feedback control scheme, a feedforward control scheme and an adaptive control scheme. These exper

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García, Gabriela, Nikola Fischer, Christian Marzi, and Franziska Mathis-Ullrich. "Robotic Sensorized Gastroendoscopy with Wireless Single-Hand Control." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 8, no. 1 (2022): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2022-0017.

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Abstract The manipulation of flexible endoscopes is a procedure that requires great dexterity since it requires the synchronization and use of both hands in parallel. Imprecise handling during gastroendoscopy could harm the digestive tract. Our solution allows the physician to use only one hand to wirelessly control the forward, backward, and tip bending motion. The proposed system provides endoscopic vision and tactile impact force sensing at the tip to detect the force applied to tissue and thus avoid damage. We experimentally evaluate the handling of the robotic system in open space and ins

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Rassweiler-Seyfried, Marie-Claire, Jonas Herrmann, Jan Klein, Maurice-Stephan Michel, Jens Rassweiler, and Britta Grüne. "Robot-assisted flexible ureterorenoscopy: state of the art in 2022." Mini-invasive Surgery 6 (2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1225.2022.41.

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Due to the technical improvements in endoscopes and armamentarium, flexible ureterorenoscopy (fURS) has increased in the management of nephrolithiasis over the last decade. fURS is a challenging procedure and therefore limited in some regions. To overcome these challenges, a master-slave robotic system might help dominate fURS. As with other robotic systems, the ergonomic deficits of fURS play an important role in the development of a new robot. All ureterorenoscopy (URS) robots thus far consist of a surgeon’s console and the manipulator of a flexible ureterorenoscope. Handling and maneuverabi

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Zeng, Ming, Yu-Jia Li, Tao Ren, and Qing Tu. "Material stiffness control of compliant tools by using electromagnetic suction." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 13 (2019): 4719–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406219834059.

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Variable rigidity materials that are safe, controllable, reversible, and repeatable have potentially widespread implications in robotic technologies. This paper presents a method for controlling the stiffness of materials for compliant tools, such as grippers, soft robots, and endoscopes. The force of electromagnetic suction transforms two structures from their relaxed-state into a more rigid state. The system presented here has the ability of quickly increasing the stiffness with increased current in the coils that create electromagnetic suction, wherein the stiffness can be controlled by the

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Nakayama, Meijin, Ryan K. Orosco, F. Christopher Holsinger, et al. "Endoscopic Transoral Hybrid Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy with Cricohyoidoepiglottopexy." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 129, no. 3 (2019): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489419885139.

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Objectives: The hybrid supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy (SCPL-CHEP, that is, open partial horizontal laryngectomies OPHL Type IIa) has been described using a flexible next generation robotic surgical platform for manipulation. We sought to evaluate the feasibility of performing this procedure using endoscopic transoral (EndoT) surgical techniques without robotics. Methods: Preclinical cadaveric study using two human cadavers. Hybrid SCPL-CHEP was performed with a flexible endoscope for visualization and hand-held instruments for manipulation (SILS Hook monopolar

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Boškoski, Ivo, Beatrice Orlandini, Luigi Giovanni Papparella, et al. "Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Updated Review of the Literature and State of the Art." Current Robotics Reports 2, no. 1 (2021): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43154-020-00040-3.

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Abstract Purpose of Review Gastrointestinal endoscopy includes a wide range of procedures that has dramatically evolved over the past decades. Robotic endoscopy and artificial intelligence are expanding the horizons of traditional techniques and will play a key role in clinical practice in the near future. Understanding the main available devices and procedures is a key unmet need. This review aims to assess the current and future applications of the most recently developed endoscopy robots. Recent Findings Even though a few devices have gained approval for clinical application, the majority o

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Kim, Sang Hyun, Hyuk Soon Choi, Jae Min Lee, et al. "Gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection using a detachable assistant robot." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 4_suppl (2022): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.4_suppl.318.

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318 Background: Effective traction and counter-traction for visualizing the dissection plane in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is difficult to be achieved with a conventional endoscope. We developed a robotic assistive traction device for flexible endoscopy that provides multi-directional traction during ESD. We compared its safety and efficiency in ESD between experienced and novice endoscopists. Methods: Robotic ESD was performed by experienced and novice endoscopist groups (n = 2, each). The outcomes included time to complete each ESD step, total procedure time, size of the dissecte

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Nakadate, Ryu, Tsutomu Iwasa, Shinya Onogi, et al. "Surgical Robot for Intraluminal Access: An Ex Vivo Feasibility Study." Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2020 (December 5, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2020/8378025.

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Early-stage gastrointestinal cancer is often treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) using a flexible endoscope. Compared with conventional percutaneous surgery, ESD is much less invasive and provides a high quality of life for the patient because it does not require a skin incision, and the organ is preserved. However, the operator must be highly skilled because ESD requires using a flexible endoscope with energy devices, which have limited degrees of freedom. To facilitate easier manipulation of these flexible devices, we developed a surgical robot comprising a flexible endoscope a

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Ciuti, Gastone, Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka, Wojciech Marlicz, et al. "Frontiers of Robotic Colonoscopy: A Comprehensive Review of Robotic Colonoscopes and Technologies." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 6 (2020): 1648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061648.

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Flexible colonoscopy remains the prime mean of screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) and the gold standard of all population-based screening pathways around the world. Almost 60% of CRC deaths could be prevented with screening. However, colonoscopy attendance rates are affected by discomfort, fear of pain and embarrassment or loss of control during the procedure. Moreover, the emergence and global thread of new communicable diseases might seriously affect the functioning of contemporary centres performing gastrointestinal endoscopy. Innovative solutions are needed: artificial intelligence (AI)

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Morino, Mario, and Alberto Arezzo. "Transanal Local Excision or Endoscopic Dissection for Benign and Large Lesions of the Rectum." Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery 35, no. 02 (2022): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1744356.

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AbstractSince the introduction of transanal endoscopic microsurgery, local excision of “early” rectal lesions has offered the possibility to reduce the invasiveness of treatment for the limited disease. Flexible endoscopy techniques allow today different alternatives consisting of endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal dissection. The first is a straightforward and relatively easy technique, but it prevents a correct pathological staging of the lesion due to fragmentation and the verification of disease-free margins. The second relies on operators' audacity depending on their in

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Souza, Thiago F., Manoel Galvao Neto, Vitor M. Sagae, et al. "ID: 3523975 FLEXIBLE ENDOSCOPIC ROBOTIC RECTAL ESD." Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 93, no. 6 (2021): AB174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2021.03.350.

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Lim, Sun Gyo. "The development of robotic flexible endoscopic platforms." International Journal of Gastrointestinal Intervention 9, no. 1 (2020): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18528/ijgii190022.

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Mo, Hangjie, Xiaojian Li, Bo Ouyang, Ge Fang, and Yuanjun Jia. "Task Autonomy of a Flexible Endoscopic System for Laser-Assisted Surgery." Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2022 (August 26, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9759504.

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Laser beam steering has been widely studied for the automation of surgery. Currently, flexible instruments for laser surgery are operated entirely by surgeons, which keeps the automation of endoluminal surgery at the initial level. This paper introduces the design of a new workflow that enables the task autonomy of laser-assisted surgery in constrained environments such as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with a flexible continuum robotic system. Unlike current, laser steering systems driven by piezoelectric require the use of high voltage and are risky. This paper describes a tendon-driven 2 m

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Kume, Keiichiro. "Flexible robotic endoscopy: current and original devices." Computer Assisted Surgery 21, no. 1 (2016): 150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2016.1242654.

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SUN, ZHENGLONG, ZHENG WANG, and SOO JAY PHEE. "HAPTIC MODELING OF STOMACH FOR REAL-TIME PROPERTY AND FORCE ESTIMATION." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 13, no. 03 (2013): 1350021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519413500218.

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Robotic devices are being employed in gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures for diagnostics and surgery. However, force measurement, a very important factor for control and haptic feedback, becomes very challenging due to the strict size limitation of such devices and the flexible nature of the endoscope. This paper focuses on the modeling of the interior stomach wall for tool–tissue interactions from two perspectives: (1) If the interaction force between the robotic tool and the tissue can be measured, we utilize the force information to estimate the mechanical property of the stomach wall in

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KUME, Keiichiro. "Ongoing Development and Directions in Flexible Robotic Endoscopy." Journal of UOEH 37, no. 2 (2015): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.37.149.

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Ruiter, J. G., G. M. Bonnema, M. C. van der Voort, and I. A. M. J. Broeders. "Robotic control of a traditional flexible endoscope for therapy." Journal of Robotic Surgery 7, no. 3 (2013): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11701-013-0405-4.

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Matviychuk, Bohdan, Artur Hurayevskyy, Andrii Stasyshyn, and Yaroslav Korol. "HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT OF LAPAROSCOPIC AND ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY IN LVIV CLINICAL EMERGENCY CARE HOSPITAL." Acta Medica Leopoliensia 27, no. 3-4 (2021): 160–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25040/aml2021.3-4.160.

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Aim. The analysis of the history of minimally invasive surgery in a clinical emergency care hospital and the clinical cases associated with first robot-assisted operations. Materials and Methods. We have analyzed 10180 inpatients' maps and protocols of surgical operations from 2002 to 2019. We have also studied the first minimally invasive interventions in the Clinic of Surgery and Endoscopy affiliated to the Faculty of Postgraduate Education of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University and the municipal non-profit institution "Lviv Clinical Emergency Care Hospital". Results

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Morino, M., E. Forcignanò, and A. Arezzo. "Initial clinical experience with a novel flexible endoscopic robot for transanal surgery." Techniques in Coloproctology 26, no. 4 (2022): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10151-022-02577-1.

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Abstract Background The Flex® Robotic System (Medrobotics, Raynham, MA, USA) is the first miniaturised flexible endoscopic robot that aims to allow surgical manoeuvres beyond the area currently reached by transanal endoscopic microsurgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate our initial clinical experience with this novel tool. Methods We prospectively collected all consecutive cases of local excisions of rectal lesions performed with the Flex® Robotic System performed at the Department of Surgical Sciences of the University of Turin between October 2018 and December 2019. Indications were be

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Ott, L., F. Nageotte, P. Zanne, and M. de Mathelin. "Robotic Assistance to Flexible Endoscopy by Physiological-Motion Tracking." IEEE Transactions on Robotics 27, no. 2 (2011): 346–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tro.2010.2098623.

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Zhang, Xue, Weibing Li, Philip Wai Yan Chiu, and Zheng Li. "A Novel Flexible Robotic Endoscope With Constrained Tendon-Driven Continuum Mechanism." IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 5, no. 2 (2020): 1366–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lra.2020.2967737.

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Ruiter, Jeroen G., Mascha C. van der Voort, and G. Maarten Bonnema. "User-centred System Design Approach Applied on a Robotic Flexible Endoscope." Procedia Computer Science 16 (2013): 581–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2013.01.061.

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Deng, Zhen, Peijie Jiang, Yuxin Guo, et al. "Safety-aware robotic steering of a flexible endoscope for nasotracheal intubation." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 82 (April 2023): 104504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2022.104504.

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Busto, Eduardo, and Marta Patrucco. "Experiencia inicial en Buenos Aires con la cirugía transoral robótica (TORS)." Revista Argentina de Cirugía 112, no. 2 (2020): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25132/raac.v112.n2.1459.es.

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Background: robotic surgery is an alternative to open surgery, CO2 laser microsurgery, or chemoradiation for the upper aero-digestive tract. This system allows surgeons to use the open surgical technique in a minimally invasive approach through the mouth to treat benign and malignant disorders. Different treatments are currently used with similar oncologic outcomes. Objective: the aim of this study was to introduce a surgical tool through transoral approach, report the initial experience with the use of the robotic system, evaluate respiratory and digestive functional preservation and analyze

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Lau, Ka Chun, Yeung Yam, and Philip Wai Yan Chiu. "An advanced endoscopic surgery robotic platform for removal of early-stage gastrointestinal cancer using endoscopic submucosal dissection." Special Issue with Awarded and Shortlisted Papers from the HKIE Outstanding Paper Award for Young Engineers/Researchers 2021 28, no. 4 (2021): 186–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.33430/v28n4thie-2021-0008.

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Two gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, stomach and colorectal cancer, have the fifth and third highest incident rates and the fourth and second highest mortality rates among all cancers, respectively. Combined, they had 2.8 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths annually. Fortunately, early-stage GI cancer has a high five-year survival rate if the tumour can be removed completely. Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection (ESD) is the gold standard for the removal of early-stage GI cancer as it has a high rate of en-bloc resection and a low rate of recurrence. However, ESD is a very technically challengi

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Iwasa, Tsutomu, Ryu Nakadate, Shinya Onogi, et al. "A new robotic-assisted flexible endoscope with single-hand control: endoscopic submucosal dissection in the ex vivo porcine stomach." Surgical Endoscopy 32, no. 7 (2018): 3386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00464-018-6188-y.

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Mamunes, Alexander P., Federico Campisano, James Martin, et al. "Magnetic flexible endoscope for colonoscopy: an initial learning curve analysis." Endoscopy International Open 09, no. 02 (2021): E171—E180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1314-9860.

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Abstract Background and study aims Colonoscopy is a technically challenging procedure that requires extensive training to minimize discomfort and avoid trauma due to its drive mechanism. Our academic team developed a magnetic flexible endoscope (MFE) actuated by magnetic coupling under supervisory robotic control to enable a front-pull maneuvering mechanism, with a motion controller user interface, to minimize colon wall stress and potentially reduce the learning curve. We aimed to evaluate this learning curve and understand the user experience. Methods Five novices (no endoscopy experience),

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Seeliger, Barbara, and Lee L. Swanström. "Robotics in flexible endoscopy: current status and future prospects." Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 36, no. 5 (2020): 370–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mog.0000000000000670.

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Sekiguchi, Yuta, Yo Kobayashi, Yu Tomono, et al. "Development of a Tool Manipulator Driven by a Flexible Shaft for Single-Port Endoscopic Surgery." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 23, no. 6 (2011): 1115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2011.p1115.

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Recently, a robotic system was developed to assist in Single-Port Endoscopic Surgery (SPS). However, the existing system required a manual operation of vision and viewpoint, hindering the surgical task. We proposed a surgical endoscopic robot for SPS with a dynamic vision control, the endoscopic view being manipulated by a master controller. The prototype robot consists of a manipulator for vision control, and dual tool tissue manipulators (gripping: five DOFs; cautery: three DOFs) can be attached at the tip of the sheath manipulator. In particular, this paper focuses on the details of the mec

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Tsang, Raymond K., and F. Christopher Holsinger. "Transoral endoscopic nasopharyngectomy with a flexible next-generation robotic surgical system." Laryngoscope 126, no. 10 (2016): 2257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25970.

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de Mathelin, Michel, Florent Nageotte, Philippe Zanne, and Birgitta Dresp-Langley. "Sensors for Expert Grip Force Profiling: Towards Benchmarking Manual Control of a Robotic Device for Surgical Tool Movements." Sensors 19, no. 20 (2019): 4575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19204575.

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STRAS (Single access Transluminal Robotic Assistant for Surgeons) is a new robotic system based on the Anubis® platform of Karl Storz for application to intra-luminal surgical procedures. Pre-clinical testing of STRAS has recently permitted to demonstrate major advantages of the system in comparison with classic procedures. Benchmark methods permitting to establish objective criteria for ‘expertise’ need to be worked out now to effectively train surgeons on this new system in the near future. STRAS consists of three cable-driven sub-systems, one endoscope serving as guide, and two flexible ins

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Song, Chengzhi, Xin Ma, Xianfeng Xia, Philip Wai Yan Chiu, Charing Ching Ning Chong, and Zheng Li. "A robotic flexible endoscope with shared autonomy: a study of mockup cholecystectomy." Surgical Endoscopy 34, no. 6 (2019): 2730–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00464-019-07241-8.

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Cao, Lin, Xiaoguo Li, Phuoc Thien Phan, et al. "Sewing up the Wounds: A Robotic Suturing System for Flexible Endoscopy." IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine 27, no. 3 (2020): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mra.2019.2963161.

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Ng, Tong Yow, Siew Fei Ngu, Tat Yan Deyoung Kam, Sai Yan Ng, and Ping Lai Benny Lo. "First in-human trial and prospective case series of an articulated laparoscopic camera system in minimally invasive surgery in gynecology: an IDEAL stage 1 and 2a study." BMJ Surgery, Interventions, & Health Technologies 4, no. 1 (2022): e000117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsit-2021-000117.

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ObjectivesPrecision Robotics’ Sirius Robotic Flexible Endoscopic System is a new, fully integrated, compact three-dimensional laparoscopic camera system with a disposable single-use flexible tip that can change its viewing direction. This IDEAL Stage 1 and 2a study assessed its safety, reliability and potential efficacy particularly for single incision laparoscopic surgery and vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery.DesignProspective single-institution, single-surgeon study.SettingThe study was conducted in a multispecialty hospital.ParticipantsWomen aged 18–70 years scheduled

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Patel, Sejal, Maroeska M. Rovers, Michiel J. P. Sedelaar, et al. "How can robot-assisted surgery provide value for money?" BMJ Surgery, Interventions, & Health Technologies 3, no. 1 (2021): e000042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsit-2020-000042.

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ObjectivesTo develop an interactive tool that estimates what potential benefits are needed for the robot to provide value for money when compared with endoscopic or open surgical interventions.DesignA generic online interactive tool was developed to analyze the (health) effects needed to compensate for the additional costs of using a surgical robotic system from a healthcare perspective. The application of the tool is illustrated with a hypothetical new surgical robotic platform. A synthesis of evidence from different sources was used combined with interviews with surgeons.SettingFlexible tool

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Anakievski, Deyan. "LAPAROSCOPIC TRANSPERITONEAL URETEROURETEROSTOMY COMBINED WITH RETROGRADE FLEXIBLE URETEROSCOPY ASSISTANCE FOR URETERAL STRICTURE- CASE SERIES OF SEVEN PATIENTS." Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) 27, no. 3 (2021): 3947–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2021273.3947.

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Most strictures of the ureters are detected and usually occur in the part of the ureter when the calculus has been trapped for a long time, after ESWL or as a complication of transureteral lithotripsy after the introduction of the holmium laser. The treatment of these strictures variesand depends on many parameters, the most important being the type of stricture, severity, length and location. In many cases, endoscopic treatment with stenting is the first choice of treatment performed retro or antegrade. In case of failure or contraindication for endoscopic treatment, ureteral reconstruction c

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Wang, Xiaona, and Max Q. H. Meng. "Robotics for Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery: A Review." Journal of Robotics 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/512616.

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Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) involves accessing the abdominal cavity via one of the bodies’ natural orifices, for example, mouth, anus, or vagina. This new surgical procedure is very appealing from patients’ perspectives because it eliminates completely abdominal wall aggression and promises to reduce postoperative pain, in addition to all other advantages brought by laparoscopic surgery. However, the constraints imposed by both the mode of access and the limited technology currently available make NOTES very challenging for the surgeons. Redesign of the instruments

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Fujiwara, Kazunori, Takahiro Fukuhara, Satoshi Koyama, et al. "Ultrasound-Guided Transoral Videolaryngoscopic Surgery for Retropharyngeal Lymph Node Metastasis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer." Case Reports in Oncology 10, no. 2 (2017): 649–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000478653.

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Background: Endoscopic-assisted transoral surgery, including transoral robotic surgery for metastatic retropharyngeal lymph node (RPN) from well-differentiated thyroid cancer, has been reported to reduce the complications resulting from transcervical and transmandibular approaches. However, the narrow working space and difficulty identifying RPN are problematic. To solve these issues, several studies have used intraoperative ultrasound in endoscopic-assisted transoral surgery. However, the type of ultrasonography suitable for this purpose remains unclear. Case Presentation: A 60-year-old femal

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Roy, Soham, Syed HS Naqvi, and Ron J. Karni. "Medrobotics Flex System for Laryngeal Surgery: A Feasible Study in Two Cadavers." International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery 7, no. 4 (2016): 204–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1289.

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ABSTRACT Objective To report the feasibility of Medrobotics Flex® System for laryngeal surgery. Materials and methods Cadaver study in research laboratory. Results The Medrobotics Flex System was utilized with the Medrobotics Flex Retractor to evaluate robotic laryngeal surgery in a cadaver model. Two surgeons using two cadavers tested the robotic system to expose the larynx and facilitate robotic airway surgery using the Flex Instruments. In both cadavers, these procedures were performed transorally with excellent visualization: supraglottoplasty, arytenoidectomy, epiglottectomy, vocal cord l

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Wang, Hongqiang, Peter York, Yufeng Chen, et al. "Biologically inspired electrostatic artificial muscles for insect-sized robots." International Journal of Robotics Research 40, no. 6-7 (2021): 895–922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02783649211002545.

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Millimeter-sized electrostatic film actuators, inspired by the efficient spatial arrangement of insect muscles, achieve a muscle-like power density (61 W kg−1) and enable robotic applications in which agility is needed in confined spaces. Like biological muscles, these actuators incorporate a hierarchical structure, in this case building from electrodes to arrays to laminates, and are composed primarily of flexible materials. So comprised, these actuators can be designed for a wide range of manipulation and locomotion tasks, similar to natural muscle, while being robust and compact. A typical

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Tateya, Ichiro, Yoon Woo Koh, Raymond K. Tsang, et al. "Flexible next-generation robotic surgical system for transoral endoscopic hypopharyngectomy: A comparative preclinical study." Head & Neck 40, no. 1 (2017): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.24868.

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Ascari, L., C. Stefanini, U. Bertocchi, and P. Dario. "Robot-assisted endoscopic exploration of the spinal cord." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 224, no. 7 (2010): 1515–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes2017.

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This work presents the design and development of an integrated image-guided robot-assisted endoscopic system for the safe navigation within the spinal subarachnoid space, providing the surgeon with the direct vision of the structures (i.e. spinal cord, roots, vessels) and the possibility of performing some particularly useful operations, like local electrostimulation of nerve roots. The modelling, micro-fabrication, fluidic sustentation, and cable-based actuation system of a steerable tip for a multilumen flexible catheter is described; the hierarchical control system shared between the surgeo

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Huang, Yisen, Jian Li, Xue Zhang, et al. "A Surgeon Preference-Guided Autonomous Instrument Tracking Method With a Robotic Flexible Endoscope Based on dVRK Platform." IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 7, no. 2 (2022): 2250–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lra.2022.3143305.

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Lau, Ka Chun, Esther Yun Yee Leung, Philip Wai Yan Chiu, Yeung Yam, James Yun Wong Lau, and Carmen Chung Yan Poon. "A Flexible Surgical Robotic System for Removal of Early-Stage Gastrointestinal Cancers by Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 12, no. 6 (2016): 2365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tii.2016.2576960.

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Ma, Xin, Chengzhi Song, Philip Waiyan Chiu, and Zheng Li. "Visual Servo of a 6-DOF Robotic Stereo Flexible Endoscope Based on da Vinci Research Kit (dVRK) System." IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 5, no. 2 (2020): 820–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lra.2020.2965863.

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Li, Weibing, Chengzhi Song, and Zheng Li. "An Accelerated Recurrent Neural Network for Visual Servo Control of a Robotic Flexible Endoscope With Joint Limit Constraint." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 67, no. 12 (2020): 10787–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2019.2959481.

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Shen, Tao, Dietric Hennings, Carl A. Nelson, and Dmitry Oleynikov. "Performance of a Multifunctional Robot for Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery." Surgical Innovation 25, no. 4 (2018): 364–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1553350618781225.

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Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) has gained attention as a revolutionary technique with its potential advantages in eliminating skin incisions, shortening recovery time, and decreasing postoperative complications; however, its practical application is still constrained by the complexity of navigation through the surgical field and paucity of available instruments. Current progress on NOTES focuses on designing flexible articulated robots or fully inserted bimanual robots to address the limitations. However, the lack of multitasking tools, trade-offs between size and powe

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Danesh, Hoseinali, Javad Rahmati, Mahdieh Mahdieh, Seyed M. Hemadi, and Alireza Bahmani. "Medical and chemical evaluation of robotic surgery methods; A review study." Romanian Journal of Military Medicine 125, no. 4 (2022): 542–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2022.125.4.2.

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"Along with the advances in medical science, surgical methods have also undergone many advances. Today, with the advancement of technology in all fields, including medicine, robots have entered medical science. These robots have many uses as well as advantages and disadvantages that they enjoy in Iran and other countries. In this study, it was addressed. This study is a review of robotic surgery methods in Iran and other countries in the form of a review study. This study is a conceptual review. The steps performed are 1- Designing a research question, 2- Searching and extracting researchrelat

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Rieffel, John, Davis Knox, Schuyler Smith, and Barry Trimmer. "Growing and Evolving Soft Robots." Artificial Life 20, no. 1 (2014): 143–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00101.

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Completely soft and flexible robots offer to revolutionize fields ranging from search and rescue to endoscopic surgery. One of the outstanding challenges in this burgeoning field is the chicken-and-egg problem of body-brain design: Development of locomotion requires the preexistence of a locomotion-capable body, and development of a location-capable body requires the preexistence of a locomotive gait. This problem is compounded by the high degree of coupling between the material properties of a soft body (such as stiffness or damping coefficients) and the effectiveness of a gait. This article

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Eisenberg, Dan, Eric Storne, and Amir Belson. "Use of a flexible robotic transgastric natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) platform in a cadaver to test access, navigation, maneuverability, and stability." Surgical Endoscopy 24, no. 9 (2010): 2323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00464-010-0905-5.

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