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Deniaux, Tiphanie. "Investigate more robust featuresfor Speech Recognition usingDeep Learning." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationsteori, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-183588.
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The new electronic devices and their constant progress brought up the chal-lenge of improving the speech recognitions systems. Indeed, people tend touse more and more hands-free devices that are inclined to be used in noisyenvironments. The evolution of Machine Learning techniques has been very ef-ficient for the last decade and speech recognition system using those techniquesappeared. The main challenge of Automatic Speech Recognition systems nowa-days is the improvement of the robustness to noise and reverberations. DeepLearning methods were used to either improve the speech representations ordefining better distributions probabilities. The problem we face is the drop inthe performance of ASR systems when inputs are noisy. The general approachis to define novel speech features that are more robust using Deep Neural Net-works. To do so we got through different implementations as the incorporationof autooencoders in the MFCC block diagram or the deep denoising autoen-coders with different pre-training methods. The final solution is a system thatbuild more robust features from noisy MFCC. Our input is the demonstrationthat a denoising system using q quantized DDAEs defined by the clustering ofthe training data using K-means is more efficient than one denoising systemapplied to the whole data. The performance gained using such a system is of 2to 3% in terms of phone error rate and might be improved using more trainingdata and better tuned NN parameters.
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Galler, Michael. "Methods for more efficient, effective and robust speech recognition." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0032/NQ64560.pdf.
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Johansson, Linda. "Robots and Moral Agency." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Filosofi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-32400.
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Machine ethics is a field of applied ethics that has grown rapidly in the last decade. Increasingly advanced autonomous robots have expanded the focus of machine ethics from issues regarding the ethical development and use of technology by humans to a focus on ethical dimensions of the machines themselves. This thesis contains two essays, both about robots in some sense, representing these different perspectives of machine ethics. The first essay, “Is it Morally Right to use UAVs in War?” concerns an example of robots today, namely the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) used in war, and the ethics surrounding the use of such robots. In this essay it is argued that UAVs might affect how the laws of war (LOW) are interpreted, and that there might be need for additional rules surrounding the use of UAVs. This represents the more traditional approach of machine ethics, focusing on the decisions of humans regarding the use of such robots. The second essay, “The Functional Morality of Robots”, concerns the robots of the future – the potential moral agency of robots. The suggestion in this essay is that robots should be considered moral agents if they can pass a moral version of the Turing Test. This represents the new focus of machine ethics: machine morality, or more precisely, machine agency.<br><p>QC 20110414</p>
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Falasinnu, Titilola Oluwaseun. "Informing selective screening through more robust estimation of STI risk." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50820.
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Background. Due to rising health care costs and increases in client volumes, it is imperative to develop systems that make efficient use of increasingly scarce publicly funded sexual health resources. With this in mind, an internet-based testing program that provides online access to STI testing is in development in British Columbia (BC) to improve the accessibility and limit the burden on health resources. However, much is still unknown about how to implement risk assessment and recommend tests in online settings. Prediction rules have been shown to successfully increase efficiency and cost-effectiveness of STI case finding. The aim of this dissertation was to develop and validate a risk-scoring algorithm for the selective screening of asymptomatic patients at increased risk for chlamydia and gonorrhoea infections.
Methods. The risk-scoring algorithm was derived from a multivariate logistic regression of patient visits at two sexual health clinics in Vancouver between 2000 and 2006 (i.e., derivation population) and validated in a subsequent time period between 2007 and 2012 (i.e., temporal validation population). The model’s performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) statistic. Geographical validation was performed using seven sexual health clinics outside of Vancouver between 2000 and 2012.
Results. The prevalence of infection was 1.8% (n=10,437), 2.2% (n=14,956), and 5.3% (n=10,425) in the derivation, temporal validation, and geographical validation populations, respectively. The predictors that comprised the algorithm were young age, non-white race/ethnicity, multiple sexual partners, previous chlamydia or gonorrhoea infection. The model discriminative accuracy was good in the derivation population (AUC=0.74, 95% CI: 0.70-0.77) and acceptable in the temporal (AUC=0.64, 95% CI: 0.61-0.67) and geographical (AUC=0.69, 95% CI: 0.67-0.71) validation populations. The model also demonstrated adequate calibration and screening performance in all three populations.
Conclusions. The results from this research will have important implications for scaling up of Internet-based testing in BC. The algorithm could be adapted in an online setting to offer individualized testing recommendations and create educational materials to inform other Web-based content by creating awareness about STI risk factors, which may stimulate health care seeking behaviour among individuals accessing the website.<br>Medicine, Faculty of<br>Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of<br>Graduate
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Wittwer, Silvan. "Evolution and the possibility of moral knowledge." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33281.
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This PhD thesis provides an extended evaluation of evolutionary debunking arguments in meta-ethics. Such arguments attempt to show that evolutionary theory, together with a commitment to robust moral objectivity, lead to moral scepticism: the implausible view that we lack moral knowledge or that our moral beliefs are never justified (e.g. Joyce 2006, Street 2005, Kahane 2011). To establish that, these arguments rely on certain epistemic principles. But most of the epistemic principles appealed to in the literature on evolutionary debunking arguments are imprecise, confused or simply implausible. My PhD aims to rectify that. Informed by debates in cutting-edge contemporary epistemology, Chapter 1 distinguishes three general, independently motivated principles that, combined with evolution, seem to render knowledge of robustly objective moral facts problematic. These epistemic principles state that (i.) our getting facts often right in a given domain requires explanation - and if we cannot provide one, our beliefs about that domain are unjustified; (ii.) higher-order evidence of error undermines justification; and (iii.) for our beliefs to be justified, our having them must be best explained by the facts they are about. Chapters 2-4 develop and critically assess evolutionary debunking arguments based on those principles, showing that only the one inspired by (iii.) succeeds. Chapter 2 investigates the argument that evolution makes explaining why we get moral facts often right impossible. I argue that Justin Clarke-Doane's recent response (2014, 2015, 2016, 2017) works, yet neglects an issue about epistemic luck that spells trouble for robust moral objectivity. Chapter 3 discusses the argument that evolution provides higher-order evidence of error regarding belief in robustly objective moral facts. I show that such an argument falls prey to Katia Vavova's (2014) self-defeat objection, even if evolutionary debunkers tweak their background view on the epistemic significance of higher-order evidence. Chapter 4 develops the argument that evolution, rather than robustly objective moral facts, best explains why we hold our moral beliefs. I offer a systematic, comprehensive defence of that argument against Andreas Mogensen's (2015) charge of explanatory levels confusion, Terrence Cuneo's (2007) companion in guilt strategy, and David Enoch's (2012, 2016) appeal to deliberative indispensability. Chapter 5 brings everything together. It investigates whether robust moral objectivity survives the worry about epistemic luck raised in Chapter 2 and the explanatory challenge developed in Chapter 4. Making progress, however, requires a better idea of how we form true, justified beliefs about and acquire knowledge of robustly objective moral facts. Since it offers the most popular and best-developed epistemology of robustly objective morality, my inquiry in Chapter 5 focuses on contemporary moral intuitionism: the view that moral intuitions can be the source of basic moral knowledge. I argue that its success is mixed. While moral intuitionism has the conceptual tools to tackle the problem of epistemic luck from Chapter 2, it cannot insulate knowledge of robustly objective moral facts against the sceptical worry raised by the evolutionary debunking argument developed in Chapter 4. Thus, evolutionary theory, together with a commitment to robust moral objectivity, does lead to a form of unacceptable moral scepticism.
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Stargell, Gregory. "Devising a more robust automated detection method using audio frequency spectra." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
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Ahsan, Abdul Hannan. "More robust security specifications for 1 out of 2 Oblivious Transfer." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97885.
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An 1 out of 2 Oblivious Transfer (( 21 )-OT) is a two-party computation in which a sender A owning two secret bits b0, b 1 can transfer one to them, bc, to receiver Bob who chooses c. This is done in such a way that Alice does not learn anything about c and Bob does not learn anything other than bit bc. Security specifications for ( 21 )-OT are defined in terms of privacy and correctness. Privacy constraint enforces that B gets the bit of his choice and gains no knowledge about the other input bit of A , and A does not gain any knowledge of c. Correctness constraint enforces that the output received by B is not corrupted by a dishonest A . Traditionally privacy and correctness have been defined as disjoint security specifications, and various attempts have been made to merge these two constraints.<br>We present a new set of security specifications for ( 21 ) -OT in which these two constraints are enforced concurrently. In addition, unlike the previous specifications, our new correctness constraint deals with the correct view of the protocol instead of output only. We also extend these security specifications to another variant of ( 21 )-OT called 1 out of 2 XOR Oblivious Transfer.
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Harding, Matthew James. "Can shippers and carriers benefit from more robust transportation planning methodologies?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33322.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2005.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-122).<br>The analysis of transportation contracts using optimization software may yield higher actual freight expenditures due to unplanned events during execution. This thesis explores new methods for developing robust transportation plans leading to lower total cost by developing a transportation plan minimizing unplanned events and quantifying a cost of service for use in existing optimization models. Robust transportation planning methodology requires the analysis of a variety of transactional related data, the application of analytical tools and performance measurement techniques. This thesis explores analytical techniques utilizing shipment, accept-reject, bid, and planning data. This analysis is then used to augment optimization software capabilities, develop simulation models and provide performance management frameworks by making assessments of shipper- carrier interactions as they occur within the design of an optimized plan. The results of this thesis include analysis and methods focused on quantification of carrier performance considering various classes of transactional data, bid data, and market data. Methods to determine the amount of additional freight expenditures as a result of the frequency and severity of unplanned freight are provided and supported with simulation output.<br>by Matthew James Harding.<br>M.Eng.in Logistics
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Mallone, Kevin Charles. "A more robust wall model for use with the two-equation turbulence model." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/14149.
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The applicability of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling schemes to turbulent wall-bounded flows is a matter of concern. In the near-wall region of bounded flows, the standard high Reynolds number k-e model is not valid and requires the use of empirical wall models to mimic the behaviour of this region. A theoretical study of the physics of prevalent wall modelling techniques showed that the velocity distribution took no account of the pressure gradient. To determine the effect of this shortcoming, a typical transient three-dimensional flow was analysed using current CFD methods and the results compared with experimental flow measurements. Consideration of these results showed that the 'traditional' wall model was unable to replicate observed flow features in the near-wall region: further analysis of the computational results confirmed that these poor flow predictions arose from the inability of the model to consider local pressure gradient effects. Consequently, a strong case was made for a more robust wall model for use in conjunction with the standard high Reynolds number k-e model. A number of boundary layer analyses were reviewed and Coles' law of the wake (1956) presented as a viable candidate for the development of a new wall modelling scheme. In theory, Coles' law (1956) provides a description of bounded flows under arbitrary pressure gradients up to the point of near-separation and may be extended to the study of reversed flows. A generic algorithm for Coles' law was prepared and used to study the fundamental test cases of U-bend and backward facing step flows. In a comparison between documented experimentation, 'conventional' CFD modelling and Coles' law models of these flows, the Coles' law model was shown to provide a viable alternative to 'traditional' schemes. Consequently, the Coles' law model of the near-wall region, being valid for pressure-driven flows, offers an extension to the range of flows for which the standard high Reynolds number k-e model may be used.
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Bernier, Lucas James. "The percussion ensemble music of Robert Moran." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3430.
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Jendersie, Johannes [Verfasser], Thorsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Grosch, and Carsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Dachsbacher. "Faster and more robust algorithms for Monte Carlo light transport simulation / Johannes Jendersie ; Thorsten Grosch, Carsten Dachsbacher." Clausthal-Zellerfeld : Technische Universität Clausthal, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1231362413/34.
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Yarbrough, Lance D. "The legacy of the tasseled cap transform : a development of a more robust Kauth-Thomas transform derivation /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2006. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1801490541&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1258647711&clientId=22256.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Mississippi, 2006.<br>Typescript. Vita. Major professor: Greg L. Easson "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 154-162). Also available online via ProQuest to authorized users.
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Bradburn, Edward M. "'True lies' : Robert Henryson's 'Fables' and the moral of aesopic poetry." Thesis, University of York, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298378.
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La, Barre Kathryn. "Faceted navigation and browsing features in new OPACs: A more robust solution to problems of information seekers? (extended abstract)." dLIST, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106157.
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In November, 2005, James Billington, the Librarian of Congress, proposed the creation of a “World Digital Library” of manuscripts and multimedia materials in order to “bring together online, rare and unique cultural materials.” Google became the first private sector partner for this project with a pledge of 3 million dollars (http://www.loc.gov/today/pr/2005/05- 250.html). One month later, the Bibliographic Services Task Force of the University of California Libraries released a report: Rethinking how we provide bibliographic services for the University of California. (Bibliographic Services Task Force, 2005). Key proposals included the necessity of enhancing search and retrieval, redesigning the library catalog or OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog), encouraging the adoption of new cataloguing practices, and supporting continuous improvements to digital access. By mid-January, 2006, the tenor of discussion reached fever pitch. On January 12, 2006, the North Carolina State University (NCSU) Library announced the deployment of a revolutionary implementation for their OPAC of Endeca’s ProFind™, which until now had only been used in commercial e-commerce or other business applications. NCSU made the bold claim that “the speed and flexibility of popular online search engines” had now entered the world of the online catalog through the use of faceted navigation and browsing (NCSU, online). A few days later, Indiana University posted A White Paper on the Future of Cataloging at Indiana University which served to identify current trends with direct impact on cataloging operations and defined possible new roles for the online catalog and cataloging staff at Indiana University (Byrd et. al, 2006). The Indiana report was a response to an earlier discussion regarding The Future of Cataloging put forth by Deanna Marcum, Director of Public Service and Collection Management at the Library of Congress (Marcum, 2005). Marcum posed a provocative series of questions and assertions based in part on the Pew Internet and American Life Project study: Counting on the Internet (Horrigan and Rainey, 2005). “[D]o we need to provide detailed cataloging information for digitized materials? Or can we think of Google as the catalog?” Following Marcum’s comments, and the announcement of the “World Digital Library”, the Library of Congress released a commissioned report in March 2006, The changing nature of the catalog and its integration with other discovery tools” (Calhoun, 2006). This report contained blueprints for change to Library of Congress cataloguing processes, advocated integration of the catalog with other discovery tools, included suggestions that the Library of Congress Subject Headings LCSH, long used to support subject access to a variety of cultural objects, be dismantled, and argued that fast access to materials should replace the current standard of full bibliographic records for materials. These arguments were supported by assertions that users seem to prefer the ease of Google over the catalog, and that the proposed changes would place the Library of Congress in a better market position to provide users with the services they want most (Fast and Campbell, 2004; OCLC, 2002). The ensuing debates served to crystallize the intersection and convergence of the traditional missions of the Libraries, Archives and Museum (LAM) communities to provide description, control and access to informational and cultural objects. One consistent theme emerged: What competencies and roles can each community bring to bear upon discussions of digitization, access and discovery, and provide solutions for user needs? The library community had a ready answer. Originally designed to provide inventory, acquisitions and circulation support for library staff, the modern library catalog was designed according to a set of principles and objectives as described by Charles Ammi Cutter in 1876. These principles and objectives underpin the core competency of the library community to create bibliographic records designed to assist users in the following tasks: to find (by author, title and subject), and to identify, select and obtain material that is of interest to them. Discussions about the aims of the catalog are not new and have been ongoing since the early 1970s when the earliest forays of the catalog into the digital age began (Cochrane, 1978). The role played by metadata (i.e. bibliographic records assembled in catalogs), as well as the central importance of search and retrieval mechanisms have long been central players in proposed solutions to providing better services to users. Thus, the suggestions of staff at the Library of Congress, that digitization is tantamount to access, and that search engines, like Google, may supplant the catalog as the chief means of access to cultural and informational materials, have galvanized action throughout the library and information science community. It is critical that any discussions and recommended solutions maintain a holistic view of the principles and objectives of the catalog. The actions and continuing discussions that resulted from these developments drew heavily from several sources, including the experiences of the LAM community with the creation of metadata standards, Web 2.0 applications that make data work harder, more accessible and consolidated, the appeal of folksonomy and social classification, and the importance of leveraging rather than abandoning legacy access systems in a time of spiraling costs and decreasing budgets. For archived discussions of these issues see: lNGC4LIB listserv (Next Generation Catalogs for Libraries http://listserv.nd.edu/archives/ngc4lib.html) and Web4LIB discussion list (http://lists.webjunction.org/web4lib/). Another valuable source is Lorcan Dempsey’s blog, Of libraries, services and networks (http://orweblog.oclc.org/). To leverage some legacy subject access systems it is proposed that more (not less) should be done to process these data, and corresponding authority files (e.g. thesaurus files) in order to use the faceted navigation and browsing features of new online search engines to best advantage. An ongoing research proposal will be described in brief, concentrating on the second goal of a project which plans to develop an integrated conceptual framework which could serve all designers working on information access and discovery systems. A framework for critical analysis of needed and missing features that is grounded in traditional principles, borne out by practice (Cutter, 1976; La Barre, 2006; Ranganathan, 1962) and which builds on feature analysis protocols for early OPACs is urgently needed (Cochrane, 1978; Hildreth, 1995). Further, another analysis of the sufficiency of current data preparation is long overdue (Anderson and Peréz-Carballo, 2005). This position paper builds on La Barre (2006, unpublished dissertation) which studied faceted browsing and navigation in websites, using wireframe analysis. This research uncovered features needed for digital library OPAC design. Building on JISC and Sparks work, a future study will focus on the information seeking research academics and the information seekers, rather than the general public, or the overstudied undergraduate user, thus rounding out the work of others cited by Marcum, Kuhlthau, etc.
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Grosskreutz, Henrik. "Towards more realistic logic based robot controllers in the GOLOG framework." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964163438.
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Ruffo, de Bonneval de la Fare des Comtes de Sinopoli de Calabre Marie-des-Neiges. "Problèmes éthiques posés par le remplacement de l'humain par des robots : le cas des systèmes d'armes autonomes." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040006.
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Ce travail s’interroge sur l’impact éthique du remplacement des humains par des robots, particulièrement dans le cadre militaire avec les systèmes d’armes létales autonomes (SALA). Il fait le point sur les robots militaires et les logiciels existants qui contribuent à leur autonomie jusqu’en 2014. L’augmentation progressive de l’autonomie des robots signe le remplacement possible de l’humain, l’agir moral des machines à la place de l’homme est dès lors une problématique. Le robot peut-il être un agent moral ? Peut-on créer un agent moral artificiel ? Quelles sont les contraintes techniques, algorithmiques, juridiques et éthiques auxquelles une telle réalisation serait confrontée, notamment dans le monde militaire ? La robotisation est une réalité qui a déjà des effets sur le politique et le militaire comme l’illustre l’usage des drones. Quels pourraient être les effets d’une plus grande autonomie des robots pour l’obtention de la victoire et vis-à-vis de l’éthique militaire ? L’aspect novateur ne doit pas oblitérer les défis qui se posent tant aux soldats qu’aux robots. Si aucun n’est infaillible, que peut-on conclure du projet de créer des robots moraux, et quel avenir peut-on envisager pour une robotique respectueuse de l’éthique militaire ?<br>This work examines the ethical impact of replacing human beings with robots, especially in the military context. It focuses on existing military robots and on programmes contributing to their autonomy until 2015. Increasing autonomy of robots signs the possible replacement of the human being; the moral behaviour of the machines replacing the moral action of man is therefore an issue. Can the robot be a moral agent? Can one create an artificial moral agent? What are the technical, algorithmic, legal and ethical constraints that such achievement would face, especially in the military environment? Robotics are a reality having already an impact on the political and military world, as illustrated by the use of unmanned air vehicles. What might be the effects of greater autonomy of robots in obtaining victory and towards military ethics? The innovative aspect should not obliterate the challenges facing soldiers as well as robots. If no one is infallible, what can one conclude about the project of creating moral robots, and what kind of future can we look for in view of friendly robotics respecting military ethics?
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Hicken, Walker. "Altman...now, more than ever : social conflict in the films of Robert Altman." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003120.
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BURLANDO, FRANCESCO. "More than humanoid. Pratiche e strumenti per la progettazione di robot uman*." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1091659.
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La ricerca affronta la tematica della robotica umanoide mediante un approccio progettuale volto a individuare elementi di interesse negli aspetti estetici e interazionali di tali prodotti tecnologici. L’obiettivo scientifico consiste nel tentare di definire pratiche e approcci utili alla progettazione futura di robot, che possano semplificare il proficuo inserimento attivo di tali figure all’interno della società. Infatti, la tesi parte dall’ipotesi che, valutate le difficoltà meccaniche e informatiche che accompagnano prodotti di tale complessità, una delle motivazioni alla base della costante attesa mai ripagata riguardo alla presenza di robot nella vita quotidiana sia da ricercarsi proprio nella scarsa attenzione che è stata destinata al comparto progettuale e a tutti quegli aspetti propri dell’approccio human-centered.
L’argomentazione pone le basi su di una ricerca volta a introdurre che cosa sia un robot e da dove derivi la definizione, ovvero il significato che attualmente viene attribuito al termine, attraverso un’analisi che si articola tra gli aspetti linguistici ed i riscontri storici di figure che oggi verrebbero definite come robot. Poiché il campo di ricerca appare vasto e dai limiti di difficile definizione, la tesi intende concentrarsi unicamente sulla categoria degli umanoidi, illustrando le motivazioni per le quali si ritiene che proprio questi ultimi possano essere protagonisti di un futuro impiego sistematico nella vita quotidiana degli utenti. Anche in tale categoria, tuttavia, esiste una certa difficoltà nella definizione dei confini precisi tra le varie terminologie utilizzate nel corso della storia. Per questo motivo, la dissertazione procede mediante la realizzazione di una tassonomia inedita volta a definire le sottocategorie che concorrono a costituire il vasto ambito della robotica umanoide.
Individuati i precisi limiti all’interno dei quali la tesi si muove, si procede con un’analisi dello stato dell’arte volta a individuare schemi ricorrenti, buone pratiche, errori o anomalie e, più in generale, informazioni di interesse progettuale su tutto ciò che è stato realizzato a partire dal secolo scorso fino agli anni più recenti. Tale parte compilativa, presentata sotto forma di appendice, analizza i principali robot umanoidi realizzati per il mercato o per fini di ricerca e i principali personaggi robotici del cinema di fantascienza, sulla base dell’ipotesi che l’immaginario collettivo che le persone hanno rispetto all’ambito trattato sia definito proprio sulla base di questi ultimi.
A seguire vengono presentate proposte di approcci, buone pratiche e linee guida per la progettazione di robot umanoidi human-centered, definendo come una buona accettazione da parte degli utenti di riferimento sia ottenibile non tanto grazie a una mera ricerca di un aspetto antropomorfo gradevole, quanto al rigoroso attenersi ai metodi propri del progetto, declinati sul tema, e ad una ferma consapevolezza di quale sia l’ambito e l’utenza per la quale si progetta. In altre parole, bisognerebbe realizzare robot umanoidi solo per quegli scenari che realmente lo richiedono e non come parte di un processo di forzato inserimento della tecnologia nella vita quotidiana. La tesi presenta tre esperienze progettuali svolte nel corso del percorso dottorale in cui si è tentato di applicare quanto appena citato.
In particolare, grazie al progetto Ro.Sa. è stato possibile studiare l’interazione a lungo termine di utenti deboli con il robot Pepper di SoftBank, all’interno di una sperimentazione clinica volta a contrastare il decadimento muscolare nei soggetti pre-fragili. Nel progetto Pos3D si è proceduto alla progettazione partecipata di un robot umanoide insieme ad utenti afferenti a varie categorie, all’interno di un contesto fieristico presso la Maker Faire Rome 2019, riuscendo a testare metodologie di co-design e a raccogliere dati volti alla validazione di ipotesi di ricerca prestabilite. Infine, durante il progetto SiRobotics si è progettato un robot assistenziale a partire dalla definizione del briefing, passando per l’indagine con utenti in merito ad aspettative e necessità, svolta grazie ad attività di co-progettazione, e per la raccolta di ulteriori dati sull’interazione grazie a questionari online, fino alla progettazione effettiva del prodotto nei suoi aspetti estetici, interazionali e di interfaccia. Il processo è stato curato e seguito fino alla realizzazione di un prototipo funzionante che è stato testato con utenti di riferimento.
A consuntivo di quanto detto fin ora, la ricerca analizza gli obiettivi raggiunti e le risposte ottenute alle domande di ricerca, analizzando quali ipotesi si sono rivelate corrette e quali, al contrario, sono state disattese. Tuttavia, il capitolo conclusivo presenta, con fare provocatorio e in modo quasi paradossale, alcune ipotesi che derivano da un approccio more-than-human-centered, suggerendo come i risultati ottenuti dal percorso dottorale potrebbero essere messi in discussione e confutati alla luce di più ampie considerazioni ecosistemiche. La risoluzione di tale controversia può essere perseguita solo mediante ulteriori ricerche volte ad affrontare la tematica con occhio critico e tramite un approccio esteso.<br>The research addresses the issue of humanoid robotics through a design approach aimed at identifying elements of interest in the aesthetic and interactional aspects of such technological products. The scientific objective consists in attempting to define practices and approaches useful for the future design of robots, which can simplify the active inclusion of such figures within society. In fact, the thesis starts from the hypothesis that, given the mechanical and IT difficulties that accompany products of such complexity, one of the reasons behind the constant unfulfilled expectations regarding the presence of robots in everyday life is to be found precisely in the scant attention that has been paid to the design sector and to all those aspects proper to the human-centred approach.
The argument is based on a research aimed at introducing what a robot is and where the definition comes from, i.e. the meaning that is currently attributed to the term, through an analysis that is articulated between linguistic aspects and historical evidence of figures that today would be defined as robots. Since the field of research appears to be vast and difficult to define, the thesis intends to focus solely on the category of humanoids, illustrating the reasons why it is believed that the latter may be the protagonists of future systematic use in the everyday lives of users. Even in this category, however, there is some difficulty in defining precise boundaries between the various terminologies used throughout history. For this reason, the dissertation proceeds by means of a novel taxonomy aimed at defining the sub-categories that make up the vast field of humanoid robotics.
Having identified the precise limits within which the thesis moves, it proceeds with a state of the art analysis aimed at identifying recurring patterns, good practices, errors or anomalies and, more generally, information of design interest on everything that has been realised from the last century to the most recent years. This compilative part, presented in the form of an appendix, analyses the main humanoid robots made for the market or for research purposes and the main robotic characters in science fiction films, based on the hypothesis that the collective imagination that people have with respect to the field under discussion is defined precisely on the basis of these.
Proposals for approaches, best practices and guidelines for the design of human-centred humanoid robots are then presented, defining how good acceptance by the target users can be achieved not so much through a mere search for a pleasing anthropomorphic appearance, but through strict adherence to the methods proper to the project, declined on the subject, and a firm awareness of what the field and the users for whom it is designed are. In other words, humanoid robots should only be realised for those scenarios that really require it and not as part of a present three project experiences carried out during the doctoral course in which an attempt was made to apply what has just been mentioned. In particular, thanks to the Ro.Sa. project, it was possible to study the long-term interaction of weak users with SoftBank's Pepper robot as part of a clinical trial aimed at combating muscle decay in pre-fragile subjects. In the Pos3D project, the participatory design of a humanoid robot was carried out together with users belonging to various categories, within a trade fair context at Maker Faire Rome 2019, succeeding in testing co-design methodologies and collecting data to validate pre-established research hypotheses. Finally, during the SiRobotics project, a service robot was designed starting with the definition of the briefing, passing through the survey with users regarding expectations and needs, carried out thanks to co-design activities, and the collection of further interaction data thanks to online questionnaires, up to the actual design of the product in its aesthetic, interactional and interface aspects. The process was taken care of and followed through to the realisation of a working prototype that was tested with reference users.
As a conclusion to what has been said so far, the research analyses the objectives achieved and the answers obtained to the research questions, analysing which hypotheses turned out to be correct and which, on the contrary, were disregarded. However, the concluding chapter provocatively and almost paradoxically presents a number of hypotheses derived from a more-than-human-centred approach, suggesting how the results obtained from the doctoral course could be questioned and refuted in the light of broader ecosystem considerations. The resolution of this controversy can only be pursued through further research aimed at approaching the issue with a critical eye and through an extended approach.
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Vetroff, Candice. "Pulsion de vie et pulsion de mort à l'épreuve du romantisme allemand, à partir de l'oeuvre de Robert Schumannn." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070099.
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Ce travail est une réflexion sur les notions de pulsions de vie et de mort. La seconde supposée observée à l'état pur dans la mélancolie nous a invités à étudier les productions du romantisme allemand qui a vu ses acteurs mourir par suicide, et les rapports de ses représentations démoniaques à la pulsion. Il apparaît que la diable, père de l'Oedipe qui rappelle aux romantiques, et aux adolescents ayant une problématique semblable, les termes du pacte oedipien, oeuvre pour et contre les revendications de toute-puissance et de jouissance, au risque de la mort, du morcellement, de la compulsion, propres de la pulsion de mort, faisant de celle-ci un destin de la seule sexuelle<br>This work is a thought about the notions of life urge and death urge. The second one, assumed to be observed in the pure state in melancholy led us to study the productions of the German romanticism which saw its actors die from suicide, and the relations of its demoniac representations to urge. It turns out that the devil, father of the Oedipus who reminds the romanticist and the teenagers having a similar problematic, the terms of Oedipus pact, works for and against the claims of almightiness and delight, at the risk of death, making it a fate to the sexual one only
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Bertrand, Frédéric. "L'architecture et l'urbanisme funéraires parisiens à l'ère des métropoles : regard sur l'oeuvre et la pensée de Robert Auzelle (1913-1983)." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082209.
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Cette thèse analyse la place du cimetière dans les études architecturales et urbaines. Elle resitue la pensée développée sur les lieux de sépulture dans l'histoire de la métropole moderne et s'interroge sur les enjeux des nouvelles politiques de la mort et leur articulation avec les politiques urbaines. Une double transformation est étudiée : le développement du "culte des morts" et la saturation des cimetières qu'il entraîne ; la transformation de Paris en Capitale et métropole. Au problème du "culte des morts" se superpose celui de la masse. Il s'agit donc de définir comment, avec l'impératif de l'isolement du cimetière, l'Etat construit une autonomie idéologique, construit la mort lai͏̈que et ses typologies. Ces enjeux nécessitent une compréhension de leur évolution historique du XVIIIe au XXe siècle. Parler de l'espace de la mort en terme de politique permet de replacer l'évolution des projets dans une perspective analogique. . .
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Potts, Garrett W. "From Meaningful Work to Good Work: Reexamining the Moral Foundation of the Calling Orientation." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7891.
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The calling orientation to work represents the seed that has germinated into the exponentially growing ‘work as a calling’ literature. It was first articulated by Robert Bellah, Richard Madsen, William Sullivan, Ann Swidler, and Steven Tipton within Habits of the Heart in the 1980s. The following critical analysis of the ‘work as a calling’ literature, and of the moral foundation of the calling orientation more specifically, is intended for two particular audiences.
The first audience broadly includes an interdisciplinary group of scholars working within business ethics, management, organizational psychology, and vocational psychology, among other fields of study. Amidst these scholars’ exponentially increasing interest in the idea of ‘work as a calling,’ the anatomical structure of their research remains remarkably similar. Their notions of ‘work as a calling’ stress that work should provide individuals with a deep sense of personal fulfillment. In particular, they suggest that work should be a therapeutic source of individual meaning. To secure this meaning, they exhibit an apparent centeredness on the self and an emphasis on the unconstrained pursuit of personal preferences. In most cases, scholars within the ‘work as a calling’ literature tend to proffer notions of ‘meaningful work’ that are divorced from moral considerations about ‘good work.’
While this broad group of scholars copiously references the calling orientation within their research on ‘work as a calling,’ a deep-seated misunderstanding pervades the literature to the extent that notions of ‘meaningful work’ have been divorced from notions of ‘good work.’ To this broader audience, I demonstrate herein that they do not realize how antithetical their scholarly literature on ‘work as a calling’ is to the moral foundation of Bellah et al.’s calling orientation. Namely, I argue that the construal of calling as an orientation to work would not exist within the literature if Bellah et al. had not first articulated the calling orientation as a buffer against the unregulated pursuit of personal preferences. Therefore, I claim that this broader group of scholars either needs to abandon the notion of ‘work as a calling’ or engage with the appropriate virtue framework that undergirds the calling orientation.
I suspect, however, that several of these scholars will be hesitant to take up the virtue framework that is inextricably linked to the calling orientation. For this reason, much of the work following chapter 2 is devoted to a narrower audience of MacIntyrean business ethicists. It is also dedicated to a few scholars from the broader ‘work as a calling’ group whom I trust will not wish to remain accidental contributors to the language of individualism that pervades the literature once I have unmasked it. Perhaps, in time, they will even become MacIntyrean business ethicists.
Indeed, the appropriate moral framework that undergirds the ‘work as a calling’ literature is actively being worked out by a narrower group of MacIntyrean business ethicists, all of whom represent my primary audience for the research herein. To the MacIntyrean community, I hope not only to provide a complete list of tendencies within the ‘work as a calling’ literature that must be resisted, but also a picture of all of the ways that Bellah et al.’s calling orientation is wholly bound up with MacIntyre’s moral philosophy – particularly his theory of the virtues and the common goods that the virtues sustain. Bellah et al.’s calling orientation rests upon a vision of ‘good work,’ and this vision of ‘good work’ hinges on a MacIntyrean account of the virtues that is directed toward the achievement of three distinct types of common goods: (a) the good and worthy ends of workplace practices, (b) the goods of an individual life, and (c) the goods of communities – or, more broadly, the interests of a good society.
Furthermore, it will be shown to the MacIntyrean community that visions of ‘good work,’ which are sustained by the calling orientation, are accompanied by a nuanced vision of pluralistic collaboration that MacIntyre and Bellah et al. share. (I anticipate that this will be surprising to many readers who are familiar with the typical and misleading characterization of MacIntyre as a sectarian). Bellah et al. as well as MacIntyre’s vision of pluralism matters for research on the calling orientation because these figures demonstrate that individuals within the late modern workplace are informed by a plurality of religious and humanistic traditions, all of which account for ultimate meaning and goodness in different ways that ought to be recognized. Distinctive religious and humanistic visions of ultimate meaning indeed impact the perceived goodness of one’s calling. Hence, we must attend to the polysemic and multivocal nature of accounting for the goodness of any one particular calling (i.e., a Buddhist doctor within the Western medical tradition is likely to articulate the goodness of his calling differently than a Jewish doctor working within the Western medical tradition). Still, however, Bellah et al. and MacIntyre’s account entails a hopefulness in the possibility of pluralistic, (or, what I shall call inter-traditional) striving for the achievement of common goods that are practical enough to agree upon.
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Aguilera, Luis Fernando. "Development of Common Component-level Environmental Requirements to Facilitate the Development of More Robust and Cost-Efficient Components for Use Across Multiple Spacecraft Programs." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2012. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/345.
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For every space program, millions of dollars are wasted developing and redeveloping spacecraft qualified components unique to each program. This project attempted to reduce this redevelopment waste by developing a robust set of environmental requirements that can be used as part of a larger reuse/ standardization effort to develop and space-qualify components that can be used on multiple launch vehicles and for multiple missions. A survey approach was used to compare lift-off and ascent environments readily available through launch vehicle payload planner's guides and developing maximum enveloping environmental requirements that would provide design-to guidelines to spacecraft and component designers. This approach follows the model of a similar, successful approach used to develop standardize propulsion piece-parts and components. This effort is only a small part of an equivalent effort as similar approaches must be undertaken for other types of requirements such as Performance, Product and Mission Assurance, Integration and Test and Interface requirements in order to truly develop a re-usable space-qualified component.
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Rose, McKenna Suzanne. "Caliban's robes transformative domestic spaces within early modern utopias /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2006. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433624.
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Russell, Pamela A. "Robert Henryson's development of the didactic role of the fable form in "The moral fables of Aesop"." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18265.
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INTENT: The purpose of the paper is to examine Henryson's collection of Aesopic and Reynardian Fables in the light of whatever instructive intent he may have had in undertaking the work. METHOD: The paper first examines both Henryson's personal history, and the social and legal background against which the fables were composed. There follows a brief discussion of the development of the fable form from its earliest appearances, incorporating an examination of Henryson's possible didactic intentions in selecting this format for his work. The paper then moves on to examine the various methods according to which instruction has been contained in the fables. This includes a discussion of such topics as Henryson's expansion of the originals, political criticism, the introduction of Aesop as a character, the use of humour and the operation of the "Fables" as a single work. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that Henryson does indeed incorporate both the original moral messages, and a full range of deeper messages, in his Fables without compromising their success as literature, or as entertainment.
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Norquay, Glenda. "Moral absolutism in the novels of Robert Louis Stevenson, Robin Jenkins and Muriel Spark : challenges to realism." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20066.
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Daske, Thomas [Verfasser], Weizsäcker Robert K. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] von, and Michael [Gutachter] Kurschilgen. "The Impact of Other-Regarding Preferences on Moral Hazard and Adverse Selection / Thomas Daske ; Gutachter: Robert K. von Weizsäcker, Michael Kurschilgen ; Betreuer: Robert K. von Weizsäcker." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1147565791/34.
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Pronobis, Wiktor Verfasser], Klaus-Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] [Müller, Alexandre [Gutachter] Tkatchenko, and Manfred [Gutachter] Opper. "Towards more efficient and performant computations in quantum chemistry with machine learning / Wiktor Pronobis ; Gutachter: Klaus-Robert Müller, Alexandre Tkatchenko, Manfred Opper ; Betreuer: Klaus-Robert Müller." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1208764470/34.
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Pronobis, Wiktor [Verfasser], Klaus-Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Müller, Alexandre [Gutachter] Tkatchenko, and Manfred [Gutachter] Opper. "Towards more efficient and performant computations in quantum chemistry with machine learning / Wiktor Pronobis ; Gutachter: Klaus-Robert Müller, Alexandre Tkatchenko, Manfred Opper ; Betreuer: Klaus-Robert Müller." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1208764470/34.
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Pulla, Danusia Braeske. "Pode uma vers?o incompatibilista de liberdade fazer sentido? : um estudo a partir de Robert Kane." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7975.
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Previous issue date: 2018-01-31<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES<br>This dissertation aims to study the problem of free will in the compatibilism x incompatibilism debate from the perspective of Robert Kane. We first seek to characterize these two philosophical views and present their main arguments. In a second moment, we examine two conditions Kane?s takes as necessary for free will, namely alternative possibilities and ultimate responsibility. In the third chapter we explore specifically the theory of Robert Kane, mainly through the analysis of his work The Significance of Free Will. In the last chapter we discuss and comment on some of the main criticisms of the philosopher's theory. Throughout this work we analyze indeterminism from different perspectives in order to better understand the problems that constitute the greatest challenge to the intelligibility of incompatibilist free will. In the end, we conclude that there is still a way to go in order to respond satisfactorily to some criticisms but it seems too early or too strong to claim that Kane's freedom is not coherent or intelligible.<br>Esta disserta??o visa estudar o problema da liberdade no debate compatibilismo x incompatibilismo a partir da ?tica de Robert Kane. Buscamos primeiramente caracterizar essas duas vertentes filos?ficas e apresentar seus principais argumentos. Em um segundo momento, examinamos duas condi??es necess?rias para que haja liberdade para Kane, a saber, possibilidades alternativas e responsabilidade ?ltima. No terceiro cap?tulo exploramos especificamente a teoria de Robert Kane, principalmente por meio da an?lise da sua obra The Significance of Free Will. No ?ltimo cap?tulo expomos e comentamos algumas das principais cr?ticas feitas ? teoria do fil?sofo. Ao longo de todo o trabalho analisamos o indeterminismo sob diferentes perspectivas a fim de compreender melhor os problemas que constituem o maior desafio ? inteligibilidade da liberdade incompatibilista. Ao final, concluimos que ainda h? um caminho a se percorrer para responder satisfatoriamente a algumas cr?ticas por?m parece precoce ou forte demais se afirmar que a liberdade de Kane n?o ? coerente ou intelig?vel.
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Johansson, Linda. "Autonomous Systems in Society and War : Philosophical Inquiries." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Filosofi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-127813.
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The overall aim of this thesis is to look at some philosophical issues surrounding autonomous systems in society and war. These issues can be divided into three main categories. The first, discussed in papers I and II, concerns ethical issues surrounding the use of autonomous systems – where the focus in this thesis is on military robots. The second issue, discussed in paper III, concerns how to make sure that advanced robots behave ethically adequate. The third issue, discussed in papers IV and V, has to do with agency and responsibility. Another issue, somewhat aside from the philosophical, has to do with coping with future technologies, and developing methods for dealing with potentially disruptive technologies. This is discussed in papers VI and VII. Paper I systemizes some ethical issues surrounding the use of UAVs in war, with the laws of war as a backdrop. It is suggested that the laws of war are too wide and might be interpreted differently depending on which normative moral theory is used. Paper II is about future, more advanced autonomous robots, and whether the use of such robots can undermine the justification for killing in war. The suggestion is that this justification is substantially undermined if robots are used to replace humans to a high extent. Papers I and II both suggest revisions or additions to the laws or war. Paper III provides a discussion on one normative moral theory – ethics of care – connected to care robots. The aim is twofold: first, to provide a plausible and ethically relevant interpretation of the key term care in ethics of care, and second, to discuss whether ethics of care may be a suitable theory to implement in care robots. Paper IV discusses robots connected to agency and responsibility, with a focus on consciousness. The paper has a functionalistic approach, and it is suggested that robots should be considered agents if they can behave as if they are, in a moral Turing test. Paper V is also about robots and agency, but with a focus on free will. The main question is whether robots can have free will in the same sense as we consider humans to have free will when holding them responsible for their actions in a court of law. It is argued that autonomy with respect to norms is crucial for the agency of robots. Paper VI investigates the assessment of socially disruptive technological change. The coevolution of society and potentially disruptive technolgies makes decision-guidance on such technologies difficult. Four basic principles are proposed for such decision guidance, involving interdisciplinary and participatory elements. Paper VII applies the results from paper VI – and a workshop – to autonomous systems, a potentially disruptive technology. A method for dealing with potentially disruptive technolgies is developed in the paper.<br><p>QC 20130911</p>
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Qiu, Yinan, and Jianyuan Ma. "Tracking of more than one person in a smart environment using fixed sensors and a mobile robot." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-28147.
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In this thesis work, a system for locating different occupants in a smart environment setting using a set of small, simple (binary) sensors and a robot (Turtlebot) is designed, implemented and tested. The sensors were chosen to be simple devices containing only "ON" and "OFF" status without any functionality to identify occupants. These sensors were ubiquitously installed in an office environment at Halmstad University. The Turtlebot is an assistant robot with a Kinect camera that supports the system to recognize the occupant. The system combines new inputs to previous information using a data association algorithm that makes predictions about the future location of the occupants. Preliminary results on a short time experiments of two different scenarios show that localizing two different occupants at the same time, using the proposed data association algorithm and face recognition can be achieved with more than 80% accuracy depending on the activities in the smart home.
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Gaum, Christian [Verfasser], Robert [Gutachter] Prohl, and Eike [Gutachter] Emrich. "Fairness im Spannungsfeld zwischen Moral und Ästhetik : eine empirische Untersuchung im Amateurfußball / Christian Gaum ; Gutachter: Robert Prohl, Eike Emrich." Frankfurt am Main : Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1135261288/34.
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Gruson, Adrien. "Toward more realism and robustness in global illumination." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S059/document.
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L'un des buts principaux de la synthèse d'image est de générer une image en adéquation avec les attentes de l’utilisateur. Pour ce faire, l'utilisateur doit passer par plusieurs étapes. La première, dite « Moteur de rendu », a pour but de simuler de façon précise les différentes interactions lumineuses avec les objets d'une scène 3D. A l'issue de cette étape, l'utilisateur aura à sa disposition une image décrite par des grandeurs photométriques. Ensuite, l'utilisateur procède à une seconde étape, dite « Post-production », où l'utilisateur effectue différents traitements sur l’image générée. Afin que l’image finale soit en adéquation avec les attentes de l’utilisateur, ce dernier peut modifier la scène 3D ou les différents paramètres utilisés par chaque étape. Les travaux de recherche menés dans le cadre de la thèse se sont focalisés sur deux axes principaux : l’accélération de la génération d'images de synthèse et le développement d'outils, proposés à l'utilisateur, lui permettant de satisfaire ses attentes. Concernant le premier axe, nous avons travaillé sur les techniques de synthèse d'image permettant de générer des images de synthèse de haute qualité. Ces techniques s’appuient, le plus souvent, sur un processus stochastique qui construit de façon aléatoire des chemins de lumière. Cependant, dans certains cas de figure, il est difficile de construire de façon efficace ces chemins. C'est le cas des milieux participants (fumée, feu, etc.) pour lesquels un grand nombre d'interactions lumière/matière doit être pris en compte, ce qui est très coûteux en temps de calcul. Pour réduire ces temps de calcul, nous proposons une adaptation d'une approche de rendu discrète exploitant la puissance de calcul des cartes graphiques. Cependant, comme ce genre de techniques présentent de nombreuses limitations, nous avons développé une seconde technique basée sur le trace de photon. Par ailleurs, dans des scènes complexes, il est difficile de trouver des chemins contributifs. Pour cette raison, nous avons utilisé une approche, basée sur Metropolis-Hasting, qui permet d'explorer localement l'espace des chemins contributifs. En revanche, avec ce type d'approche, il est difficile de contrôler la répartition de l'erreur sur le plan image. C'est pourquoi, nous proposons une nouvelle approche permettant de mieux répartir l'erreur relative sur le plan image. Dans le second axe de travail, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’étape de « Post-production ». En effet, nous avons développé une nouvelle technique d'estimation de l'illuminant de référence. Connaître cet illuminant est important lors d’opérations manipulant l'espace couleur utilisé. Enfin, nous proposons une technique capable de déterminer automatiquement la configuration des sources de lumière dans le but de générer une image répondant aux attentes de l'utilisateur<br>One of the main goal in computer graphics is to generate an image that matches the user intent. To do that, the user has to go through several steps. The first step, named « Rendering engine », aims to precisely simulate light interactions with the objects of a 3D scene. At the end of this step, an image is generated. This image is represented by photometric values. Then, the user moves on to the second step, named « Post-production », where she/he applies several transformations to the computer generated images. To make the final image be in line with her/his expectations, the user can modify the 3D scene or change parameter values used throughout the different steps. Two main research avenues are investigated: acceleration of the generation of computer generated images and the development of user assistance tools allowing to satisfy the user's intent. First, we have developed computer graphics algorithms that generate high quality images. These techniques often rely on a stochastic process. They randomly construct light paths. However, in some particular setup, it turns out that these algorithms are inefficient. This is the case when rendering participating media for which a huge amount of light interactions is needed. These interactions entail a costly computing time. In order to reduce the rendering time, we have proposed a new discrete approach that runs on the GPU. However, there exist several limitations with this type of technique. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a second approach based on progressive photon mapping. Furthermore, in complex scenes, it is difficult to find valid light paths. This is why, our algorithm is based on Metropolis-Hasting. This type of technique allows to explore locally the path space but still have several drawbacks. The main drawback is that the algorithm does not distribute evenly the error over the image space. We have proposed a novel approach to address this issue. In the second part of this PhD, we are interested in the "post-production" step. A new technique has been developed to estimate the main illuminant in a scene. Knowing this main illuminant is crucial for color transformations. Moreover, we have developed a technique that optimizes automatically the lighting setup in a 3D scene to meet the user's expectations
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Opiela, Shannon Jacqueline. "Neonatal T Cell Responses are Highly Plastic: I. Neonates Generate Robust T Cell Responses against Alloantigens II. Functional Capabilities of Neonatal RTE are more Diverse than Adult RTE." Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/139.
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Neonatal immune responses are typically deficient against a wide variety of antigens, including alloantigens, vaccine antigens, and infectious agents. These responses are characterized by Th2-skewed cytokine production, and deficient Th1 and cytotoxic responses. However, these deficient responses can be boosted to adult levels by the use of strong, Th1 promoting agents. This demonstrates that neonates are capable of developing mature immune responses under specific conditions. Using two different murine models, we have found that neonates develop robust Th and cytotoxic responses, which under some antigenic conditions significantly exceed those of adults. First, using a model of early life exposure to noninherited maternal antigens (NIMA), we found that murine neonates develop robust in vivo cytotoxic responses to low doses of alloantigens. Importantly, primary in vivo cytotoxic responses to alloantigen developed during the neonatal period, and persisted into adulthood. Neonates developed similar memory cytotoxic responses to donor spleen cells, bone marrow, and stem cell-enriched (Lin-) bone marrow cells, suggesting that the exposure dose is more important than the type of transplanted donor cell for the development of cytotoxicity. NIMA-exposed neonates also developed vigorous primary and memory allospecific Th1/Th2 responses which exceeded the responses of adults. These findings suggest that early exposure to low levels of NIMA may lead to long term immunological priming of all arms of T cell adaptive immunity. Second, we characterized the phenotype and function of neonatal recent thymic emigrants (RTE). RTE are the predominant cell type in murine neonates, and are present at higher frequencies within the neonatal CD4+ compartment than in adults. Our data demonstrate that RTE from murine neonates and adults are phenotypically and functionally distinct. In particular, although the magnitude of RTE cytokine responses from both age groups is dependent on the conditions of activation, neonatal RTE consistently exhibited higher levels of effector cytokine production than adult RTE. In particular, activation of neonatal RTE in the presence of IL-7 lead to greatly increased IFNgamma production, while adult responses were not altered. Overall, neonatal RTE responses were more plastic than those of adult RTE, as both Th1 and Th2 responses were altered in neonates using various activation conditions, while only Th2 responses were consistently changed in adults. Finally, in contrast to adult RTE, neonatal RTE proliferated in response to IL-7 stimulation at very early timepoints. This was associated with faster kinetics of IL-7Ralpha downregulation and higher levels of pSTAT5 in neonatal RTE. These quantitative and qualitative differences in neonatal RTE populations may largely explain the diverse responses that are elicited in neonates in response to different antigens, especially under those conditions in which Th1 responses are enhanced (i.e., exposure to NIMA alloantigens). Taken together, these data demonstrate that neonatal T cell responses are actually highly plastic, instead of intrinsically deficient. Furthermore, if given optimal stimulation conditions, neonatal responses can actually exceed those produced by adults.
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Pepperney, Justin R. "Religious Toleration in English Literature from Thomas More to John Milton." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1245245934.
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Van, Wagner Tracy. "Making Robert Kane’s Libertarianism More Plausible: How James Woodward’s Interventionist Causal Theory can Give an Agent Control Over Her Undetermined Decisions." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/philosophy_theses/99.
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Robert Kane asserts that some decisions and actions which are made by an agent are undetermined. These undetermined decisions are what allow an agent to have free will and ultimate responsibility for her decisions and actions. Kane appeals to probabilistic causation in order to argue that these undetermined decisions are not arbitrary or random. I argue that Woodward’s interventionist approach to causation can be used by Kane to make his theory of free will more plausible by illustrating how the agent causes her decision. Woodward’s account can link an agent’s reasons with her decision, activity in her self-network with her decision, and can render undetermined decisions plural rational, plural voluntary, and plural voluntarily controlled.
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Forsman, Sebastian. "Fundamental Undemocratic Values in Robert A. Heinlein’s Starship Troopers: How to Make Upper Secondary School Students More Self-aware of Their Fundamental Democratic Values." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169752.
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Democracy and democratic values have stagnated and are under attack. Current criticism of democracy points towards problems with efficiency, leniency towards undemocratic elements, collective problem-solving, and a suspension of the rule of law for public good. One solution to these problems could be to focus on teaching democratic values through literature in school. A suitable novel for this endeavor is the science-fiction novel Starship Troopers, written by Robert A. Heinlein in 1959, since it functions as fictional criticism and an alternative to democracy. However, most of the previous research conducted on Starship Troopers have focused on aspects regarding militarism and fascism. This research paper differs because it focuses specifically on how democracy is critiqued in the novel and how this critique could be used to teach democratic values. Teaching democratic values should be conducted since democracy and democratic values are arguably the most essential aspects of the fundamental values of the Swedish school system. Still, the relevant school policy documents do not define how these fundamental values are connected to the system of democracy and how they could be taught in a classroom. In order to fill that gap, this paper aims to use the theories and methods of didactic potential, Socratic pedagogy, and the politics of advocacy, attack, and assent to help students become more self-aware of their fundamental democratic values. The analysis demonstrates that Starship Troopers criticizes essential elements of democracy and complements those elements with its own alternative fundamental elements and values. The analysis also demonstrates how this critique can be used as a complement in a philosophical discussion that helps students become more self-aware of their fundamental democratic values.
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Lindelöf, Gabriel Trim Olof. "Moraliska bedömningar av autonoma systems beslut." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166543.
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Samhällsutvecklingen går i en riktning där människor arbetar i allt närmare samarbete med artificiella agenter. För att detta samarbete ska vara på användarens villkor är det viktigt att förstå hur människor uppfattar och förhåller sig till dessa system. Hur dessa agenter bedöms moraliskt är en komponent i denna förståelse. Malle m.fl. (2015) utförde en av de första studierna kring hur normer och skuld appliceras på människa respektive robot. I samma artikel efterfrågades mer forskning kring vilka faktorer hos agenter som påverkar de moraliska bedömningarna. Föreliggande studie tog avstamp i denna frågeställning och avsåg att undersöka hur moralisk godtagbarhet och skuldbeläggning skiljde sig beroende på om agenten var en person, en humanoid robot eller ett autonomt intelligent system utan kropp (AIS). Ett mellangrupps-experiment (N = 119) användes för att undersöka hur agenterna bedömdes för sina beslut i tre olika moraliska dilemman. Deltagares rättfärdigaden bakom bedömningar samt medveten hållning utforskades som förklaringsmodell av skillnader. Medveten hållning avser Dennetts (1971) teori kring huruvida en agent förstås utifrån mentala egenskaper. Resultaten visade att person och robot erhöll liknande godtagbarhet för sina beslut medan AIS fick signifikant lägre snitt. Graden skuld som tillskrevs skiljde sig inte signifikant mellan agenterna. Analysen av deltagares rättfärdiganden gav indikationer på att skuldbedömningarna av de artificiella agenterna inte grundade sig i sådan information som antagits ligga till grund för denna typ av bedömningar. Flera rättfärdiganden påpekade också att det var någon annan än de artificiella agenterna som bar skulden för besluten. Vidare analyser indikerade på att deltagare höll medveten hållning mot person i störst utsträckning följt av robot och sedan AIS. Studien väcker frågor kring huruvida skuld som fenomen går att applicera på artificiella agenter och i vilken utsträckning distribuerad skuld är en faktor när artificiella agenter bedöms.
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Ankenbrand, Markus Johannes [Verfasser], Alexander [Gutachter] Keller, and Robert [Gutachter] Junker. "Squeezing more information out of biological data - development and application of bioinformatic tools for ecology, evolution and genomics / Markus Johannes Ankenbrand ; Gutachter: Alexander Keller, Robert Junker." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1150161868/34.
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Leal, Franciele da Silva. "Análise dos conceitos de autonomia e responsabilidade e o contexto da agência artificial /." Marília, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148826.
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Orientadora: Mariana Claudia Broens<br>Resumo: Neste trabalho nos propomos a desenvolver uma análise crítica dos conceitos de agênciae responsabilidade no contexto tecnológico contemporâneo em que são produzidossistemas artificiais ditos autônomos. Tendo esse objetivo em foco, apresentamosprimeiramente teorias da ação e problematizamos as noções de evento causal e açãocausal, objeto e agente, visando clarificar a noção de agência. Analisamos, em seguida,a noção de ação responsável proposta por Hans Jonas uma vez que ele propõe umanoção de responsabilidade considerando o desenvolvimento tecnológicocontemporâneo. Em especial, apresentamos e discutimos a noção de heurística do temorproposta por Jonas (2004) cujo objetivo é criar cenários possíveis que antecipemimplicações a longo prazo do uso de novas tecnologias e auxiliem a informar asociedade sobre as possíveis consequências de seu uso para as novas gerações.Por fim,tratamos mais especificamente da legitimidade da atribuição de agência eresponsabilidade a sistemas artificiais, especialmente a robôs, na perspectiva daFilosofia e da Robótica, a partir de teses defendidas por Hans Jonas (2004, 2013) eWillem Haselager (2005). Em seus textos, ambos autores discutem a possibilidade deatribuir agência e responsabilidade a sistemas artificiais capazes de aprender e tomardecisões que ultrapassem os limites de sua programação inicial. Concluímos que pareceproblemático tanto atribuir agência a sistemas artificiais autônomos no mesmo sentidoem que ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: In this work, we propose to develop a critical analysis of the concepts of agency and responsibility in the contemporary technological context in which artificial systems said to be autonomous are produced. Aiming on this goal, we present, firstly, some theories of action, and we problematize the notions of causal event and causal action, object and agent, aiming on clarifying the notion of agency. Following, we analyze the notion of responsible action proposed by Hans Jonas, once he proposes a notion of responsibility considering the contemporary technological development. In particular, we present and discuss the heuristic notion of fear proposed by Jonas (2004) whose goal is to create possible scenarios which may anticipate long-term implications of the use of new technologies and may help to inform society about the possible consequences of their use for the new generations. Finally, we deal more specifically with the legitimacy of the attribution of agency and responsibility to artificial systems, specially robots, from the perspective of Philosophy and Robotics, from theses defended by Hans Jonas (2004, 2013) and Willem Haselager (2005). In their texts, both authors discuss the possibility of attributing agency and responsibility to artificial systems capable of learning and making decisions which surpass the limits of their initial programming. We conclude that it seems problematic both to attribute agency to autonomous artificial systems in the same sense in which human beings are considered to be agents, and to reduce such systems to mere causally determined objects.<br>Mestre
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Béchade, Lucile. "L'humour dans les interactions sociales homme-robot." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS077/document.
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Les travaux de recherche de cette thèse portent sur l'amélioration des capacités sociales d'un système conversationnel en interaction avec un humain. Lorsque le système n'est pas dédié à une tâche particulière, il doit tenir compte de difficultés relevant de l'interaction sociale elle-même. L'humour est un mécanisme naturel dans les interactions sociales. Nous considérons un humour-machine comme une simulation de comportements simplifiés des capacités humoristiques humaines: dérision, blagues, jeux de mots. Les travaux de cette thèse s'appuient sur des théories issues de domaines variés en sociologie, psychologie, neurosciences et linguistique pour l'intégration de cet humour-machine dans un système robotique. Implémentées dans certains systèmes de dialogue, ces capacités humoristiques sont cependant rarement utilisées pour pouvoir choisir les comportements à générer du robot. Dans nos travaux, la mise en œuvre des comportements humoristiques du système en conversation est réalisée en utilisant la théorie des rites d'interaction. L'estimation de la face de l'interlocuteur permet de diriger le comportement du robot dans la conversation casuelle humoristique. Les facteurs expressifs d'une perte ou d'une valorisation de la face sont liés à des états mentaux exprimés dans une situation donnée. Pour réaliser cette estimation de la face, nous étudions, à partir de corpus créés à cet effet, les réactions comportementales, affectives et expressives des participants à différents types d'humour réalisés par le robot et ayant des impacts variables sur celle-ci (l'humour prenant pour cible le robot, le participant ou un autre sujet). Les réactions des participants à l'humour sont établies sur une représentation multi-niveaux d'indices émotionnels, comportementaux et linguistiques, extraits à partir de l'audio.Des règles sont ainsi construites à partir de l'apprentissage automatique de ces indices issus des corpus, concernant l'appréciation de la réaction des participants à l'humour et la mise à jour de l'estimation de la face présentée du participant. Leur implémentation dans un système automatique nous permet de les évaluer. De nombreuses expérimentations ont été menées avec des publics variés : personnes âgées, adultes, adolescents. Enfin, l'utilisation des préférences du participant à l'humour dans la conversation fait émerger des questions éthiques, notamment face au pouvoir persuasif et manipulateur de l'humour<br>This doctoral dissertation is about the improvement of social capacities of a conversationnal system to interact with humans. When the system is not dedicated to one particular task, it must take into account the inherent difficulties of social interaction it-self. Humor is a natural mechanism present in social interactions. We consider humour in a robotic system as a simulation of simplified behaviors from human humor : derision, jokes, puns. This work is based on theories issued from various research domains as sociology, psychology, neurosciences and linguistics to enable integration of humor in a robotic system. Implemented in some dialog systems, humorous capacities are however rarely used when programming the robot’s behavior. In our study, the humourous behavior is implemented in the system by using the ritual theory of face-work. The face analysis of the interlocutor can be used to direct the robot’s reactions during a casual humorous talk. In order to evaluate the faces of participants in interaction, we study, using data collections created for this purpose, the participant’s behavior, emotionnal and expressive responses to different types of humor (humorous act targeting the robot, the participant or a neutral subject). Participant's reaction to humor are made upon a multi-level processing of emotionnal, linguistic and behavioral cues.Machine learning is used to extract rules defining appreciation or not and update the participant's face evaluation in regards of the humorous act produced by the robot. An implementation of these rules in an automatic dialog system allows us to evaluate their accuracy. Numerous experiments were carried out on various populations : elderly persons, adults, teenagers. Finally, the use of the participant’s preferences in the conversation raises ethical questions, in particular against the persuasive and manipulative power of humor
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DEL, MONTE DIANA. "MOMENTI DI TEATRO PERFORMATIVO TRA ITALIA E STATI UNITI: ROBERT WILSON, MOTUS, PUNCHDRUNK." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/18933.
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Una performance teatrale è un meccanismo complesso che viaggia attraverso molte variabili. L'approccio della lettura dell'evento performativo come nodo d'incontro e scambio di diversi agenti e aspetti è stato inoltre presentato dall'International Federation for Theater Research (IFTR) nella pubblicazione Theatrical Events. Borders, Dynamics, Frames.
La tesi dottorale, in accordo con tale lettura, presenta tre case-study: Motus, Punchdrunk e Robert Wilson. I tre esempi sono qui analizzati nella loro totalità di opere d'arte, fenomeni culturali e meccanismi organizzativi, evidenziandone peculiarità, similitudini e differenze. Di ognuno sono stati valutati il processo creativo, le strategie di produzione, la relazione con la stampa e/o i mezzi di diffusione, le collaborazioni con la comunità artistica, la relazione con il pubblico.
La ricerca è stata portata avanti coordinando diverse metodologie: la preferenza è stata data alle fonti primarie e al lavoro di campo nell'area di New York - interviste, fotografie, raccolta di dati e materiale iconografico. Sono stati poi consultati gli archivi della New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, della Byrd Hoffmann Foundation e del The Watermill Center.
Il secondo capitolo si avvale inoltre della preziosa collaborazione sul campo dei ricercatori del gruppo ISPOCC (Initiative for the Study and Practice of Organized Creativity and Culture) della Columbia University Business School<br>A performance is a dynamic system that involves many variables. The importance of theatre performances as aesthetic-communicative encounters of a wide range of agents and aspects has also been stressed by IFTR, through the working group "Theatrical events" and its publication Theatrical Events. Borders, Dynamics, Frames.
In accordance with the IFTR approach, the dissertation presents three case-study: Motus, Punchdrunk and Robert Wilson. The three international artists and companies are studied here as a crossroad of interactions among art, marketing, and social context, tracing similarities and differences in their theatrical productions. Specifically, the research analyzed four theatrical events: Sleep No More by Punchdrunk, Syrma Antigones project by Motus, The Discovery Watermill Day and The Old Woman by Robert Wilson.
The essay is the result of a combined archive and fieldwork research based in New York. The archival materials is from New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, Byrd Hoffman Foundation, The Watermill Center, Motus theater company's archive, while the fieldwork collected visual materials such as pictures, sketches, videos as well as interviews and artists notes during the events. Part of the Sleep No More's fieldwork is in collaboration with ISPOCC (Initiative for the Study and Practice of Organized Creativity and Culture) at Columbia University Business School.
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DEL, MONTE DIANA. "MOMENTI DI TEATRO PERFORMATIVO TRA ITALIA E STATI UNITI: ROBERT WILSON, MOTUS, PUNCHDRUNK." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/18933.
Full textAbstract:
Una performance teatrale è un meccanismo complesso che viaggia attraverso molte variabili. L'approccio della lettura dell'evento performativo come nodo d'incontro e scambio di diversi agenti e aspetti è stato inoltre presentato dall'International Federation for Theater Research (IFTR) nella pubblicazione Theatrical Events. Borders, Dynamics, Frames.
La tesi dottorale, in accordo con tale lettura, presenta tre case-study: Motus, Punchdrunk e Robert Wilson. I tre esempi sono qui analizzati nella loro totalità di opere d'arte, fenomeni culturali e meccanismi organizzativi, evidenziandone peculiarità, similitudini e differenze. Di ognuno sono stati valutati il processo creativo, le strategie di produzione, la relazione con la stampa e/o i mezzi di diffusione, le collaborazioni con la comunità artistica, la relazione con il pubblico.
La ricerca è stata portata avanti coordinando diverse metodologie: la preferenza è stata data alle fonti primarie e al lavoro di campo nell'area di New York - interviste, fotografie, raccolta di dati e materiale iconografico. Sono stati poi consultati gli archivi della New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, della Byrd Hoffmann Foundation e del The Watermill Center.
Il secondo capitolo si avvale inoltre della preziosa collaborazione sul campo dei ricercatori del gruppo ISPOCC (Initiative for the Study and Practice of Organized Creativity and Culture) della Columbia University Business School<br>A performance is a dynamic system that involves many variables. The importance of theatre performances as aesthetic-communicative encounters of a wide range of agents and aspects has also been stressed by IFTR, through the working group "Theatrical events" and its publication Theatrical Events. Borders, Dynamics, Frames.
In accordance with the IFTR approach, the dissertation presents three case-study: Motus, Punchdrunk and Robert Wilson. The three international artists and companies are studied here as a crossroad of interactions among art, marketing, and social context, tracing similarities and differences in their theatrical productions. Specifically, the research analyzed four theatrical events: Sleep No More by Punchdrunk, Syrma Antigones project by Motus, The Discovery Watermill Day and The Old Woman by Robert Wilson.
The essay is the result of a combined archive and fieldwork research based in New York. The archival materials is from New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, Byrd Hoffman Foundation, The Watermill Center, Motus theater company's archive, while the fieldwork collected visual materials such as pictures, sketches, videos as well as interviews and artists notes during the events. Part of the Sleep No More's fieldwork is in collaboration with ISPOCC (Initiative for the Study and Practice of Organized Creativity and Culture) at Columbia University Business School.
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Beciu, Andreea-Livia. "Commande robuste à haute performance sans capteur de position d'alterno-démarreurs à grande vitesse avec un fort couple à l'arrêt pour les avions plus électriques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC078.
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Les avionneurs expriment le besoin de développement de l’avion plus « électrique ». Cela se traduit par des besoins nouveaux en matière de systèmes de motorisation électrique, en termes de puissance à fournir et de partage de ressources matérielles en vue de minimiser la masse embarquée et les coûts. Parmi les études en cours sur l’évolution des machines tournantes, un intérêt particulier porte sur le développement des alterno-démarreurs de type machines synchrones sans balais et à plusieurs étages (BSSG). Celles-ci sont susceptibles de fournir un fort couple lors des phases de démarrage des réacteurs auxquelles elles sont associées. Pour ce faire, la connaissance, à tout moment, de la position du rotor est essentielle. Cependant, l'ajout d’un capteur dédié impacte la conception de la machine, rajoutant du volume, du câblage et augmentant le coût. La réalisation d'une commande dite « sensorless » permettrait de s'affranchir de l'utilisation d'un tel capteur et de simplifier le design des alterno-démarreurs.A partir d'une modélisation fine de la machine, cette thèse étudie les conditions dans lesquelles une telle commande est réalisable et analyse plusieurs techniques permettant d'y parvenir. Une nouvelle méthode d'estimation de la position du rotor, spécifique aux BSSG est proposée, puis illustrée avec des résultats expérimentaux. Cette technique est basée sur le traitement des composantes harmoniques existantes naturellement au stator de la machine et permet l'estimation de la position à l'arrêt et à très basse vitesse. Afin d'étendre l'estimation sur toute la plage de vitesse, une étude d'estimation de position par un observateur d'état à base du modèle complet de la machine en considérant les harmonique injectés (ou existantes) dans les courants du stator est proposée. Cet observateur peut s’appliquer à la machine synchrone à trois étages mais aussi à toute machine synchrone. Dans cette étude, son fonctionnement est illustré sur une machine synchrone à aimants permanents<br>The aircraft manufacturers express the need to develop a more "electric" aircraft. This brings forward new requirements for the electric drive systems in terms of increasing the available on-board power and resource sharing in order to optimize the overall mass and cost. Among the ongoing studies on the evolution of motor drives, a particular interest is given to the development of multi-level brushless synchronous starter/generators (BSSG). These drives are likely to provide the high torque required to start-up the reactors to which they are associated. For this purpose, the knowledge, at any time, of the rotor position is essential. However, adding a dedicated sensor impacts on the design of the machine, increasing volume, cabling needs and cost. For this purpose, investigating on “sensorless” control laws will permit to avoid using such a sensor and to simplify the design of the Starter/Generators.Using a fine modelling of the machine, this work studies the conditions of feasibility for sensorless control and analyzes several techniques for this purpose. A new method of estimation of the shaft-position, particular to the BSSG architecture is proposed and then illustrated with experimental results. This technique is based on the processing of the existing harmonic components naturally in the stator of the machine and allows the estimation of the position at standstill and the very low speed. To extend the estimation to the whole speed range, a study of position estimation using a state observer using the complete model of the machine considering the knowledge of the existing (or injected) harmonic components in the stator currents is proposed. This observer can be applied to the brushless synchronous starter/generator but also on generic synchronous machines. In this study, its performance is illustrated on a permanent magnet synchronous machine
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Gubert, Roberta Magalhães. "Mauerschützen (o caso dos atiradores do muro) e a pretensão de correção do direito na teoria de Robert Alexy: aportes hermenêuticos ao debate acerca da relação entre direito e moral." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2007. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2382.
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Previous issue date: 27<br>Nenhuma<br>O presente trabalho busca investigar a relação entre direito e moral proposta por Robert Alexy, bem como criticar, com base no paradigma hermenêutico, o uso de uma moral corretiva nos termos por ele defendidos. Para tanto, a partir dos casos das mortes de fugitivos ocorridas na fronteira da extinta RDA – denominado o caso dos atiradores do muro – e julgados pelo Tribunal Constitucional Federal alemão, que ilustram a posição do autor sobre a relação entre direito e moral, se expõe os principais elementos da teoria alexyana – especialmente a pretensão de correção – que permitem identificar a relação, por ele proposta, entre direito e uma moral que o corrige. Por fim, procura-se desenvolver a crítica a este entendimento com base no paradigma hermenêutico, apontando para uma compreensão mais adequada do papel da moral e de sua relação com o direito, no contexto do Estado Democrático de Direito<br>The present paper seeks to investigate the relation between law and morality as proposed by Robert Alexy, as well as criticize, based on the hermeneutical paradigm, the use of a corrective morality in the terms defended by the author. Using as starting point the death cases of fugitives in the extinct RDA’s border – named the wall shooter’s case – trialed by the german Constitutional Federal Court, that illustrate the author’s opinion about the relation between law and morality, its presented the main elements of Alexy’s theory – especially the claim to correctness – which allows to identify the relation, by him proposed, between law and a morality that corrects it. At the end, the dissertation seeks to criticize this understanding, based on the hermeneutical paradigm, pointing in to the direction of an comprehension more suitable to the roll that morality and its relation with law should play in the context of a Constitutional Democracy
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Slater, Gary. "Trajectories of Peircean philosophical theology : scriptural reasoning, axiology of thinking, and nested continua." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7d901745-ca3e-47d1-8143-c4b70a127c31.
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The writings of the American pragmatist thinker Charles S. Peirce (1839-1914) provide resources for what this thesis calls the “nested continua model” of theological interpretation. A diagrammatic demonstration of iconic relational logic akin to Peirce’s Existential Graphs, the nested continua model is imagined as a series of concentric circles graphed upon a two-dimensional plane. When faced with some problem of interpretation, one may draw discrete markings that signify that problem’s logical distinctions, then represent in the form of circles successive contexts by which these distinctions may be examined in relation to one another, arranged ordinally at relative degrees of specificity and vagueness, aesthetic intensity and concrete reasonableness. Drawing from Peter Ochs’s Scriptural Reasoning model of interfaith dialogue and Robert C. Neville’s axiology of thinking—each of which makes creative use of Peirce’s logic—this project aims to achieve an analytical unity between these two thinkers’ projects, which can then be addressed to further theological ends. The model hinges between diagrammatic and ameliorative functions, honing its logic to disclose contexts in which its theological or metaphysical claims might, if needed, be revised. Such metaphysical claims include love as that which unites feeling with intelligibility, hell as imprisonment within an opaque circle of interpretation whose distorted reflections render violence upon oneself and others, and the divine as both the center of aesthetic creativity and outermost horizon from which our many layers of interpretive criteria emerge. These are claims made from a particular identity in a particular cultural context, but the logical rules upon which they are based are accessible to all, and the hope of the model is to help people overcome problems of interpretation and orient themselves toward eternity without ignoring the world around them.
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Khan, Muhammad Sikandar Lal. "Enabling physical action in computer mediated communication : an embodied interaction approach." Licentiate thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-108569.
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Babey, Emmanuel. "Penser par exemple." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040140.
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Dans le De constancia sapientis, Sénèque formule le portrait d'un sage que l'injustice et l'outrage n'affectent pas. Selon le Commentaire au livre de la Sagesse de Robert Holkot (OP + 1349), cette description conceptuelle définit la notion de sagesse présente dans le livre biblique. Ainsi, dans les années 1336-1338, le sage stoïcien est-il présenté, dans une exégèse biblique, comme l'exemple même de sagesse. Partant, la thèse s'attache à retracer l'élaboration de cette figure sapientielle au prisme du prologue de ce commentaire biblique. Elle en analyse ensuite l'enjeu conceptuel : la revendication d'un modèle vie chrétien inspiré du comportement exemplaire des philosophes antiques. Dans ce contexte, la figure de Platon acquiert une importance cruciale. Une approche critique de la philosophie comme modèle de vie forme enfin la dernière partie de ce travail. En effet, tant le recours antique et médiéval à l'exemplum que la définition de la philosophie comme manière de vivre prennent appui sur une conception de l'acte moral comme imitation d'un héros (saint, sage, etc.) qu'Immanuel Kant congédie<br>In the De constancia sapientis, Seneca portrays a wise man as unaffected by injustice and outrage. For Robert Holkot (O.P., †1349), writing in his Commentary on the Book of Wisdom, this conceptual description defines the notion of wisdom present in the Biblical book of the same name. Thus, in the years 1336-1338, the Stoic wise man appears in a work of Biblical exegesis as the very example of wisdom. This thesis takes as its point of departure the portrayal of the wise man in the prologue to the Commentary on the Book of Wisdom. It then analyses what is at stake: the assertion of a Christian model of life inspired by role models from ancient philosophy. Plato becomes a figure of crucial importance. Finally, the last part of this work consists in a criticism of philosophy as a model way of life. In fact, both the ancient and medieval use of exempla and the definition of philosophy as way of life depend on a conception of moral action as the imitation of a hero (saint, wise person, and so on), a conception dismissed by Immanuel Kant
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Elliott, Katherine Lynn Kinsey Joni. "Epic encounters first contact imagery in nineteenth and early-twentieth century American art /." Iowa City : University of Iowa, 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/355.
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Drayton, Alexandra L. "'Paper gypsies' : representations of the gypsy figure in British literature, c.1780-1870." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3110.
Full textAbstract:
Representations of the Gypsies and their lifestyle were widespread in British culture in the late-eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. This thesis analyzes the varying literary and artistic responses to the Gypsy figure in the period circa 1780-1870. Addressing not only well-known works by William Wordsworth, Jane Austen, Walter Scott, John Clare, Robert Browning, Matthew Arnold and George Eliot, but also lesser-known or neglected works by Gilbert White, Hannah More, George Crabbe and Samuel Rogers, unpublished archival material from Princess Victoria's journals, and a range of articles from the periodical press, this thesis examines how the figure of the Gypsy was used to explore differing conceptions of the landscape, identity and freedom, as well as the authoritative discourses of law, religion and science. The influence of William Cowper's Gypsy episode in Book One of The Task is shown to be profound, and its effect on ensuing literary representations of the Gypsy is an example of my interpretation of Wim Willem's term ‘paper Gypsies': the idea that literary Gypsies are often textual (re)constructions of other writers' work, creating a shared literary, cultural and artistic heritage. A focus on the picturesque and the Gypsies' role within that genre is a strong theme throughout this thesis. The ambiguity of picturesque Gypsy representations challenges the authority of the leisured viewer, provoking complex responses that either seek to contain the Gypsy's disruptive potential or demonstrate the figure's refusal to be controlled. An examination of texts alongside contemporary paintings and sketches of Gypsies by Princess Victoria, George Morland, Thomas Gainsborough, J. M. W. Turner, John Constable and John Everett Millais, elucidates the significance of the Gypsies as ambiguous ciphers in both literature and art.