Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Roches réservoirs (géologie pétrolière)'
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Iessa, Riadh. "Essai sur la détection de la fracturation de roches réservoirs du N. E. De l'Irak par l'interprétation des diagraphies différées." Bordeaux 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR30201.
Full textLabat, Laurent. "Simulations stochastiques de faciès par la méthode des membership functions." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL094N.
Full textAn oil reservoir is a complex physical system whose challenge is to estimate as best as possible the heterogeneities from a set of heterogeneous available data. This estimation can be carried out using a deterministic approach (accounting for aIl available data integrated into a unique model) or geostatistical simulation methods : these methods do not aim at providing a single model of the underground, but rather to generate a large set of alternative, equiprobable models representing the heterogeneities expected into the reservoir. The main goal of this work is to propose a new method for generating alternative and equiprobable models, accounting for a large set of data. The first part is a review of commonly used geostatistical methods. Ln a second part, the theory of membership functions is introduced, and the integration of several data types (welllogs, proportion map and curve, seismic data, anisotropy) into the DSI interpolator is detailed, and demonstrate the ability of the DSI Interpolator to integrate a large set of constraints. The next part discusses the specific problem of the interpolation of facies occurrence probabilities, and presents different ways to compute a proportion cube (computing an initial solution, using a multigrid algorithm or using the DSI algorithm). The last part presents three alternative methods to generate stochastic models from a proportion cube, and the results obtained are discussed
Knecht, Leonora. "Contribution à la caractérisation des formations réservoir par intégration d'images électriques et de données pétrophysiques." Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30011.
Full textBlanchet, Aurélie. "Origine, conditions et processus de la silicification diagénétique de réservoirs gréseux en mer du Nord." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112022.
Full textThe petroleum reservoir qualities of sandstones are partially reduced by the presence of diagenetic quartz which occlude the cement porosity. Two sandstones reservoirs, the Brent and Franklin formations from North Sea, have been studied to understand the process and origin of silicification. Fluid inclusions are often used to constrain quartz precipitation temperature. However their possible stretching with burial is still a problem. Fluid inclusion (FI) petrographic and microthermometric study shows that large Th range cannot been explained by temperature reset. Microspectrofluorimetry of hydrocarbon inclusions and Raman spectroscopy of aqueous inclusions indicate compositional variations even for FI located along a single detrital gram-overgrowth boundary. Microthermometric and MSF data point out that FI located along the boundary are not representative of the beginning of the silicification. The diagenetic sequence and aluminium content in the quartz overgrowths allow to establish the origin of silica for each overgrowth zone defined in cathodoluminescence. High aluminium contents (up to 1375 ppm) are linked to feldspar dissolution which can be induced by acid meteoric water or organic acids. Pressure-solution and sponge test dissolution are minor source of silica compared to the feldspar dissolution. Oxygen isotopes were measured in each overgrowth zone and interpreted with FI temperatures to constrain the burial evolution of fluid. In Alwyn north, negative delta_18_O of fluid in equilibrium with the first overgrowth zone (-7%) points out the influence of meteoric water, probably introduced in the system during the lower Cretaceous emersion. From 2 km of burial, silicifications are influenced by evolved fluids (until +10%) coming from clay transformations in the underlying shales
Abellan, Alexandre. "Construction de fonctions objectifs et modélisation a priori de l’apport de mesures en géosciences : une approche statistique." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2009/ABELLAN_Alexandre_2009.pdf.
Full textDue to the increasing costs of investments involved in oil industry, reservoir characterization and uncertainty quantification are now major issues in oil and gas reservoir engineering. As it is impossible to get an exhaustive knowledge of the reservoir, a probabilistic description is now adopted. This description relies on a smaller number of parameters that need to be estimated using the data. In a second step, the model is history matched in order to be consistent with the observed dynamic data (e. G. Pressure at the well, fluid flow rates). This is done by minimizing an objective function that quantifies the discrepancy between the simulated and real data. Geological data is integrated when building the prior model. The bayesian framework allows to perform these tasks in a natural way. In a next step, using entropic considerations, we introduce the so called Kullback Leibler divergences that allows to quantify the "information content" of any potential measurements, relative to the considered model. A tractable algebraic expression is worked out when considering Gaussian models and data depending linearly on the model. Explicit tests were carried out in the case of kriging, well test interpretation and two phase flow context. The notion of data redundancy was also explored and quantified. The developed technique could help to design optimal data acquisition schemes
Da, Silva Eduardo José Bezerra. "Géologie et évaluation des réservoirs de la formation ACU du bassin Potiguar, nord-est du Brésil." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10030.
Full textPairazian, Karen. "Modélisation 3D des réservoirs pétroliers par l'intégration des données sismiques et géologiques : approches quantitatives multivariables." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL133N.
Full textFerfera, Fethi. "Influence du champ de contrainte sur l'évolution de la perméabilité monophasique d'un grès." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0559.
Full textWerner, Alexander. "Viscosité des fluides pétroliers riches en produits lourds : mesure et modélisation." Pau, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PAUU3026.
Full textUrgelli, Denise. "Prise en compte des hétérogénéités par prise de moyenne des transmissivités sur maillages adaptés en simulation de réservoir." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11039.
Full textPourpak, Hamid. "Méthodologie de déformation graduelle de modèles de réservoir hétérogène fracturé contraints par des mesures d'écoulement aux puits." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Pourpak-Hamid/2008-Pourpak-Hamid-These.pdf.
Full textThis thesis proposes a sequential inversion methodology for calibrating highly-heterogeneous reservoir models on well test data. The design and the application of that methodology are performed on an experimental hydro-geological site settled on a karstic and fractured limestone aquifer located near to Poitiers, France. The methodology involves two successive steps that are: first, the inversion of facies petrophysical properties; second, the gradual deformation of the facies distribution. By proceeding this way, the gradual deformation method, applied both globally and locally, improves the distribution of facies while keeping the previously optimised petrophysical properties. The fairly good capability on the resulting model to predict well responses allows to consider the gradual deformation as an efficient and robust method to find a facies geo-statistical realization matching at best flow data constraints. Alternative implementation of the sequence above are studied, by simply changing the schedule of the calibration steps. Efficiency and numerical performances of the methodology are also assessed by changing the number of gradual deformation parameters. Finally, it is investigated on the possibility to improve calibration by means of alternative flow modelling approaches. Whereas the adoption of a dual-medium model does not change significantly the simulated pressures, a more accurate modelling of conductive bodies by using a refined grid improves the prediction of short-time well responses. Further works could tentatively address the gradual deformation of object-based models for mimicking flow features of karstic and/or fractured heterogeneous reservoirs
Homand, Stéphane. "Comportement mécanique d'une craie très poreuse avec prise en compte de l'effet de l'eau : de l'expérience à la simulation." Lille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL10081.
Full textPaiva, Rogerio Ferreira de. "Developpement d'un microtomographe x et application a la caracterisation des roches reservoirs." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066764.
Full textCredoz, Anthony. "Réactivité des couvertures argileuses en présence de CO2 en conditions de stockage géologique profond : approche intégrée expérimentation-modélisation." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1747/.
Full textThis study offers a multi-scale vision of complex clayey caprocks reactivity and evolution. These formations are identified for the CO2 containment and sealing into the deep underground reservoir. From the experimental scale on purified clay minerals to integrative modeling at large space and time scales, the strategy developped allowed to identify the main geochemical processes, to check the good agreement between experiment and modeling, and to stress the operational impacts on long-term caprocks integrity. Carbonated cement alteration is likely to open caprock porosity and to create preferential reactive pathway for reactive fluid flow. Clay minerals alteration, including the illitization process, reduces the clay fraction volume but considerably limits the porosity increase. The illitization process in acidic conditions determined experimentally and by modeling at small and large scale, is coupled with silica precipitation. On the fundamental side, new kinetic parameters were determined for clay minerals and highlights new structural transformations. On the operational side, this study contributes to the acquisition of qualitative data (long-term reactive pathways of clayey caprocks, coupled carbonates/clays reactivity) and quantitative data (CO2 penetration distance into the caprock) to improve the performance and safety assessment of CO2 capture and geological storage
Wolanin, Julie. "Étude des conditions d’adsorption des tensioactifs sur des surfaces représentatives des roches réservoirs. Application à l’EOR chimique." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS360.
Full textChemical flooding, which is one method used in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), consists in injecting a surfactant formulation in order to mobilize oil trapped in the reservoir rock. Anionic surfactants such as sulfonate surfactants are generally used as they provide the best performances in terms of oil recovery. However, surfactants loss due to adsorption onto reservoir rock surface has a significant negative economic impact for EOR processes. The aim of this study is to characterize the anionic surfactant layer adsorbed on silica at room temperature. As model surfactant, we used AOT (sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate)) in brine 1.5wt% NaCl. Silica has been chosen to mimic the reservoir rock. AOT aggregates in brine solution have been characterized at different length scales by cryo-TEM and the combination of three scattering techniques (SAXS, MALS, DLS). Results show a polydisperse vesicle size distribution mainly composed of small vesicles (14 nm diameter). The characterization of the adsorbed layer has been done by means of a Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring (QCM-D) and neutron reflectivity. QCM-D follows temporal variations of the resonant frequency (Δf) of a quartz crystal and its dissipation. Results show large frequency and dissipation shifts. We assumed the formation of a thin inhomogeneous layer mainly composed of surfactant vesicles with QCM-D. Neutron reflectivity experiments allowed the determination of the thickness, structure and composition of the adsorbed layer. Combining both techniques gave evidence of vesicle adsorption even during unfavorable conditions
Auzias, Vincent. "Contribution à la caractérisation tectonique des réservoirs fracturés : modélisation photoélasticimétrique des perturbations de contrainte au voisinage des failles et de la fracturation associée, application pétrolière : mécanismes de développement en 3D des diaclases dans un analogue de réservoir, le Dévonien tabulaire du Caithness (Ecosse)." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20146.
Full textFarah, Nicolas. "Flow Modelling in Low Permeability Unconventional Reservoirs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066503.
Full textUnconventional low permeability reservoirs present a multi-scale fractured media, including stimulated fractures and natural fractures of various sizes, increasing the heterogeneity and the complexity of the reservoir simulation. This work proposes a methodology to address this challenge, taking into account reservoir key parameters such as fractures locations, orientation, anisotropy and low permeability matrix in a unique model as simple as possible. Using standard Discrete Fracture Models (DFMs), the matrix-fracture interaction is not properly handled due to the large grid cells and very low matrix permeability. In this work, we extended the MINC (Multiple INteracting Continua) method to the DFM in order to improve the matrix-fracture flow exchange. Our DFM based on a MINC proximity function is computed by taking into account all discrete fractures, within a triple-porosity model where the propped fractures are explicitly discretized and other fractures are homogenized. In order to improve the flow exchange between the matrix and fracture media, the matrix grid cell is subdivided according to the MINC proximity function based on the distance to all discrete fractures, by using randomly sampled points. Our approach is particularly useful for multi-phase flow simulations in matrix-fracture interaction with phase change, which cannot be handled by a standard approach. Finally, we applied our technique to synthetic DFM case in a retrograde gas and a tight-oil reservoirs. A good agreement is observed by comparing our results to a reference solution where very fine grid cells were used
Aboud, Nidal Al. "Observation et quantification des mécanismes de pression-dissolution dans un réservoir gréseux." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-173-174.pdf.
Full textAlkhaddour, Ghada. "Caractérisation diagraphique des réservoirs pétroliers potentiels du Jurassique moyen de l'Est du Bassin de Paris." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10002.
Full textSaliba, Carlos Alberto Mattos. "Evolution de la mouillabilite en fonction de l'adsorption du petrole et de ses fractions approche par la methode des angles de contact dynamiques." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066282.
Full textWalter, Bastien. "Réservoirs de socle en contexte extensif : genèse, géométries et circulations de fluides : exemples du rift intracontinental du lac Albert (Ouganda) et de la marge proximale d'Ifni (Maroc)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0201/document.
Full textThis work aims to characterize with a multi-scale and multi-method approach the effects of both brittle deformation and weathering processes on the structural and petrophysical properties of two surface analogue case studies developed in extensive setting. This approach allows us to build a conceptual hydrocarbon basement reservoir model for both studied systems. These geological models enhance the understanding of those non-conventional petroleum systems from the maturation zone to storage in the basement. Moreover, this study can also provide information for exploration guides for those hydrocarbon reservoirs. This study points out the multi-scale distribution of all the features constituting the reservoir, over ten orders of magnitude from the pluri-kilometric scale of the major tectonics structures to the infra-millimetric scale of the secondary micro-porosity of fractured and weathered basements units. Major fault zones allow the “compartmentalization” of the reservoir by dividing it into several structural blocks. The analysis of these fault zones highlights the necessity for the basement reservoirs to be characterized by a highly connected fault and fracture system, where structure intersections represent the main fluid drainage areas between and within the reservoir’s structural blocks. The suitable fluid storage areas in these reservoirs correspond to the damage zone of the fault structures developed during the tectonic evolution of the basement and the weathered units of the basement roof developed during pre-rift exhumation phases. This study highlights therefore that basement reservoir properties are the result of the long geodynamic evolution of these rocks
Bernachot, Isabelle. "Utilisation des isotopes stables du chlore pour le traçage des processus générés par l'injection de CO2 au sein d'un réservoir géologique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC016/document.
Full textCO2 injection in a reservoir leads to physicochemical processes which can have harmful consequences on the reservoir integrity due to porosity and permeability alteration. In this work, we propose to test the possibility that stable chlorine isotopes could be used as a geochemical tool to assess these effects. Indeed, chloride is a conservative and a major component of reservoir brines, and it is already known that several processes can modify the ratio of its two stable isotopes δ37Cl (diffusion, ionic filtration, salt precipitation or phase change). To test this possibility, several types of experiments were performed to investigate the effects generated by a CO2 injection on Cl-isotopes. Autoclave experiments have shown that Cl can be solubilized in CO2SC, but the amounts would be too low to modify the isotopic signal of brines in case of any fractionation process. Reactive brine migration experiments by advection (ICARE1 percolation apparatus in Montpellier University) and diffusion (diffusion cell developed at IFPEN) were also conducted. No δ37Cl was observed during percolation (conservative advective transport) and the effects of diffusion remain to be investigated with regard to the evolution of rock porosity and permeability. Drying and salt precipitation experiments on porous media have shown that Cl concentrations and δ37Cl values can give information about transport processes during water evaporation. These experimental results allowed us to identify the processes capable of modifying the δ37Cl signal, and that Cl-isotopes can be of use for the monitoring of CO2 storage site
Jorand, Cédric. "Modélisation expérimentale de la fracturation d'un milieu sédimentaire." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00153613.
Full textNous avons développé une technique originale d'une telle modélisation, basée sur un nouveau matériau Crack1 à l'échelle physique par rapport à une roche réservoir typique: le calcaire. Un programme étendu d'expérimentation avec les modèles de Crack1 a été réalisé avec un dispositif de chargement poly-tridimensionnel. Ce dispositif combine à la fois la simplicité et l'efficacité des solutions réalisées pour la réduction et l'élimination complète de la friction aux bords des modèles. Les résultats principaux peuvent être résumés de la façon suivante:
1.Des réseaux de diaclases ont été reproduits pour la première fois dans des conditions de chargement homogènes.
2.Les diaclases se forment, dans nos expériences, sous une compression triaxiale. Elles ne sont donc pas des fractures en Mode I.
3.Les figures fractographiques visibles sur les surfaces des diaclases naturelles et celles obtenues dans les modèles sont très similaires, ce qui suggère que la similarité physique est assurée pas seulement à macro-échelle, mais aussi à micro-échelle.
4.L'espacement S entre les diaclases ne dépend pas de l'épaisseur du modèle , contrairement au concept de « saturation » largement adopté dans la littérature et les modèles de réservoirs. Il a été démontré que S est contrôlé par l'état des contraintes imposé et la déformation accumulée du modèle.
5.Nous avons pu également reproduire dans des modèles les couloirs fracturés dont la formation est contrôlée par la rigidité des contacts aux limites de l'unité mécanique affectée par la fracturation.
6.L'augmentation de la pression moyenne appliquée au modèle résulte en un changement du style de la fracturation, qui évolue de manière continue des diaclases vers des fractures «obliques » conjuguées.
7.L'analyse des conditions de cette transition à partir de la théorie de la bifurcation de la déformation montre qu'elle est associée à la réduction du facteur de dilatance β de Crack1 avec l'augmentation de la pression p (ce type de dépendance β (p) est également connu pour les roches réelles).
Les résultats obtenus confirment donc que les lois constitutives contrôlent directement la fracturation. Des études expérimentales plus larges doivent désormais être menées pour contraindre ces lois dans toute leur complexité et avec une précision nécessaire.
Navelot, Vivien. "Caractérisations structurale et pétrophysique d'un système géothermique en contexte volcanique d'arc de subduction : exemple de l’archipel de Guadeloupe." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0339.
Full textThe Vieux-Habitants area gathers indicators allowing to suppose a high-temperature hydrothermal system. The interpretation of geophysical data acquired for the exploration of this system requires the analysis of analogues. Several hydrothermal paleo-systems were studied in order to propose a conceptual model of a geothermal system for the Vieux-Habitants area. Studies of these analogues are based on a multi-scale study of the brittle deformation and a petrophysical characterization of the different volcanic rocks. The organization of fractures indicates the occurrence of a characteristic scale for each level of observation. Volcano-sedimentary units are far less deformed compared to highly fractured lavas. The brittle deformation in volcano-sedimentary deposits is highly localized in fractured corridors. Some fault intersections control major fluid flow at the kilometer scale. Moreover, the most hydrothermalized rocks are localized in the vicinity of these intersections. Volcanic rocks are divided according to their mechanism of formation (lava, debris flow…) and their degree of alteration. They exhibit strong heterogeneities of petrophysical properties. Fresh rocks are separated in two distinct groups, on one side lavas and on the other side debris flows and pyroclastic deposits. Hydrothermal alteration produces mineralogical replacements involving a complete reorganization of both the matrix skeleton and the pore network. It is marked by a removal of magnetic signal, an increase of porosity and permeability in lavas and a decrease of these properties in debris flows and pyroclastic deposits. Therefore, hydrothermalized rocks form a group with intermediate reservoir properties between the two groups of fresh rocks. The reservoir model combines both structural components and lithological heterogeneities that allow an efficient fluid transfer, whereas the matrix properties of primary and secondary origins will rather control the fluid and heat storage properties
Masri, Moustafa. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation numérique du comportement thermomécanique à haute température de l’argilite de Tournemire." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10079/document.
Full textWe proposed, in this work, an experimental and numerical study of mechanical behavior of shale rocks subjected to mechanical and thermal loads.In the petroleum industry, during the production of heavy oil with the technique of steam water injection at high temperature, the cap rocks are subjected to coupled thermal and hydro-mechanical solicitations. The challenge is to study the hydro-mechanical behavior of these materials subject to large variations in temperature in order to assess the mechanical stability of the reservoir. The experimental study includes the modifications in a triaxial cell in ordre to support a high temperature (250° C). These modifications are very important for hydrostatic, uniaxial and triaxial tests, all these tests are used to obtain an experimental data base characterizing the thermal effect on the mechanical behavior of shale rocks.The modeling framework is proposed at first to describe the mechanical behavior of shale rock in isotropic case. After a detailed analysis of experimental data obtained in the experimental section, a specific coupled elastoplastic-damage model has been developed to describe the mechanical behavior of these shale materials. The effect of temperature is taken into account and a comparison between numerical simulations and experimental data have shown the ability of the proposed model for the description of thermo mechanical coupling. To describe the behavior of anisotropic rocks, we have proposed an extension of the fabric tensor model to present the initial anisotropy of shale rock. This formulation is expressed in terms of invariant stress tensor coupled with loading orientation. Laboratory tests under different stress paths were modeled, the proposed model seems able to describe correctly the main mechanical responses of shale materials
Hassouta, Lhoussain. "La comparaison de grès cimentés et de grès non cimentés par la calcite du groupe du Brent (zone d'Alwyn, Mer du Nord) : une clé pour l'établissement de bilans de matière et la compréhension des processus de formation du quartz et des argiles (illites, kaolinite, dockite)." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-79.pdf.
Full textIl s'agit bien d'un stade précoce de la diagenèse en Mer du Nord qui traduirait un épisode d'infiltration par des eaux météoriques. La dissolution du feldspath potassique ou de la muscovite ne rend pas compte de la quantité de kaolinite formée. La kaolinite se transforme en dickite avec la profondeur mais seulement dans les grès non cimentés. Cette transformation n'est donc pas contrôlée uniquement par la température. L'illite et les surcroissances de quartz sont, en partie au moins, contemporaines. Elles ne sont présentes que dans les grès non cimentés et sont donc postérieures à la cimentation. Des bilans chimiques montrent qu'elles se forment sans apports extérieurs de Si, Al ou K par les fluides. Les inclusions fluides du quartz donnent des températures de formation de 90-130°C. L'analyse d'image et la granulométrie laser montrent que la taille des grains de quartz est plus grande mais plus variable dans les grès non cimentés que dans les grès cimentés. D'après les bilans minéralogiques et chimiques, la compaction résulte essentiellement d'une perte de porosité par dissolution-cristallisation du quartz à l'échelle du grain ou du décimètre
Enciso, Cárdenas Juan José. "Estudio de las propiedades de adsorción – desorción de gases en los sistemas petroleros no convencionales en México y su aplicacion al modelo cinético de generación de hidrocarburos." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0220/document.
Full textThe main objective of this research was to conduct a study of the gas adsorption/desorption properties in unconventional reservoirs located in the north-eastern Mexico. For this, previously was carried a literature review concerning gas exploration retaking existing research works in Sabinas Basin and Chihuahua Basin (Camacho Ortegón 2009, De la O Burrola, 2013), in order to understand their behavior from the viewpoint of unconventional reservoirs. The works of these authors include models that describe the thermomechanical history of the Sabinas Basin, geological events that define the behavior of the petroleum system, its evolution and its relationship with hydrocarbon generation. To continue with the development of this project, in 2012 a sampling campaign was performed in charge of the Servicio Geológico Mexicano (SGM), providing a total of 50 samples divided between the Sabinas Basin and the Chihuahua Basin, for their characterization. The general characterization included: (1) immediate or primary moisture and ash analysis (2) elemental analysis (C, H, O, N, and S) for determining, (3) petrographic analysis to determine the organic matter type (4) Rock-Eval®6 Pyrolysis, to know its oil potential generation. Together, these analyzes allowed us to evaluate and select 10 samples divided between the study basins, to develop adsorption/desorption tests and interpretation of parameters affecting the adsorption process. For the Sabinas Basin, there were observed storage capacities of methane gas of 202.11 scf/ton (7.07m3/ton) to 364.76 scf/ton (10.47m3/ton), whereas for the Chihuahua basin there were presented lower capacities of sorption, with a rank from 0.84 scf/ton (0.023m3/ton) to 3.48 scf/ton (0.084m3/ton). The tests results of adsorption/desorption let us carry out an interpretation of the physical and chemical characteristics of the samples, that influencing in the storage capacity of gas in the kerogen. Anticipating as a general conclusion that, the gas adsorption increases with the rank/maturity. Also, it was studied the influence of the maceral composition in the process of sorption and, it was verified that the capacity of gas storage is closely related to the vitrinite content. Which led us to return to the statements of some authors (Chalmers y Bustin, 2008; Zhang et al, 2012) who verified that the capacity of adsorption on base to COT increases in the next order: type I < type II < type III. This was attributed to the greater capacity of adsorption of the vitrinite in comparison with other macerals types. In this regard, and carrying out a thorough observation to the kinetic models, and mainly in the adsorption factors (W) proposed by the most recent version of the Software PetroMod (Type I, W=0.80), (Type II W=0.75) and (Type III W=0.68), it was found a discrepancy regarded to the bibliography reported by (Chalmers y Bustin, 2008; Zhang et al, 2012). In this context, the results of adsorption/desorption gas of this research were retaken to make the calculation of the adsorption factor (W) to build and propose a new kinetic model applicable to the simulation process of the Software PetroMod for the hydrocarbons generation, taking into account the adsorption of the hydrocarbons produced. The new kinetic model allowed us propose a readjust to the geochemical modeling for the Sabinas basin, comparing at the same time the effect and the influence of the adsorption factors at the moment of the generation and expulsion of hydrocarbons. This kinetic model through the Factor (W) results important, since it takes the amount of adsorbed hydrocarbons into the source rock, this factor evidently induces a control on the behavior of unconventional character for the source rock, thus producing a change into the expulsion balance of the hydrocarbons from the kerogen. The results obtained from the methodology, [...]
El objetivo principal de esta investigación, fue realizar un estudio de las propiedades de adsorción/desorción de gas en los reservorios no convencionales ubicados en la porción noreste de México. Para ello, se realizó previamente una revisión bibliográfica sobre la prospección del gas, retomando trabajos de investigación ya existentes para la Cuenca de Sabinas y la Cuenca de Chihuahua (Camacho Ortegón 2009, De la O Burrola, 2013), con el fin de comprender su comportamiento desde el punto de vista de los yacimientos no convencionales.Los trabajos de estos autores incluyen modelos que describen la historia termomecánica de la Cuenca de Sabinas, los eventos geológicos que definen el comportamiento del sistema petrolero, su evolución y su relación con la generación de hidrocarburos. Para continuar con el desarrollo de este proyecto, se llevó a cabo una campaña de muestreo a cargo del Servicio Geológico Mexicano (SGM), el cual nos proporcionó un total de 50 muestras divididas entre las cuencas de Sabinas y Chihuahua, para su caracterización. La caracterización general incluyó: (1) Análisis inmediatos o primarios de humedad y ceniza, (2) Análisis elemental para la determinación de (C, H, O, N, y S), (3) Análisis petrográfico para determinar el tipo de materia orgánica, (4) Pirolisis Rock-Eval®6 para conocer su potencial petrolífero. El conjunto de estos análisis nos permitieron evaluar y seleccionar 10 muestras divididas entre las cuencas de estudio, para desarrollar los ensayos de adsorción/desorción y la interpretación de los parámetros que influyen en el proceso de adsorción. Para la Cuenca de Sabinas, se observaron capacidades de almacenamiento de gas metano de 202.11 scf/ton (7.07m3/ton) a 364.76 scf/ton (10.47m3/ton), mientras que en la Cuenca de Chihuahua se presentaron capacidades de sorción más bajas, con un rango de 0.84 scf/ton (0.023m3/ton) a 3.48 scf/ton (0.084m3/ton). Estos resultados nos permitieron interpretar las características físicas y químicas que influyen en la capacidad de almacenamiento del gas en el kerógeno. Anticipando como conclusión general que: la adsorción del gas aumenta con el rango/madurez. También se estudio la influencia de la composición maceral en el proceso de sorción y se verificó que la capacidad de almacenamiento de gas está íntimamente relacionada al contenido de vitrinita. Esto nos condujó a retomar las declaraciones de algunos autores (Chalmers y Bustin, 2008; Zhang et al, 2012) quienes verificaron que la capacidad de adsorción en base al COT aumenta en el siguiente orden: tipo I < tipo II < tipo III. Esto se atribuyó a que la vitrinita tiene una mayor capacidad de adsorción, en comparación con otros tipos de macerales. En este sentido se llevó a cabo una minuciosa observación a los modelos cinéticos y principalmente en los factores de adsorción (W) propuestos por la versión más reciente del Software PetroMod®12 (Tipo I, W=0.80), (Tipo II W=0.75) y (Tipo III W=0.68).Se encontró una discrepancia respecto a la bibliografía reportada por (Chalmers y Bustin, 2008; Zhang et al, 2012). Por lo que se retomaron los resultados de adsorción/desorción de gas de esta investigación para realizar el cálculo del factor (W), para construir y proponer un nuevo modelo cinético aplicable al proceso simulación del Software PetroMod®, tomando en cuenta la adsorción. El nuevo modelo cinético nos permitió proponer un reajuste al modelado geoquímico de la Cuenca de Sabinas, realizando al mismo tiempo una comparación del efecto de los factores de adsorción en el momento de la generación y expulsión de hidrocarburos. Este modelo cinético por medio del Factor (W), toma en cuenta la cantidad de hidrocarburos adsorbidos en la roca generadora, induciendo un comportamiento de carácter no convencional para la roca generadora, produciendo así un cambio en el balance de expulsión de hidrocarburos del kerógeno. [...]
Barbier, Mickael. "Hétérogénéités multi-échelles sédimento-diagénétiques et structurales de la Formation Carbonatée Madison (Mississippien, Wyoming, USA) : implications réservoirs." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4712/document.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to characterize factors controlling the distribution of the petrophysical and mechanical properties in carbonate reservoirs. To do so, a pluridisciplinary approach integrating sedimento-diagenetic and fracturing analyses on a carbonate reservoir analogue: he Madison Formation, (Lower Carboniferous, 357-340 My), outcropping in the Bighorn Basin (Wyoming, USA) and that is also a subsurface reservoir.The Madison Formation is a 340 m thick carbonate series composed of seven low frequency depositional sequences (LFS). The first two (LFS 1 and 2) formed on a prograding ramp passing upward into a vast platform on which the other five LFS deposited (LFS3 à 7). LFS 1 to 3 (Kinderhookian to lower Osagean) deposited under arid conditions during general subsidence that balanced eustatic falls. Retrograding system tracts are characterized by the development of supratidal to intertidal environment dominated by evaporite precipitations and carbonate dolomitization. Prograding system tracts are mainly mainly by early-lithified grainstones. LFS 4 to 7 (Osagean) deposited under humid conditions (glacial conditions in high-latitudes) that contributed to a decrease in evaporite precipitations and carbonate dolomitization but that involved karstifications on tops of LFS 4 to 7 during uplift episodes and eustatic falls
Farah, Nicolas. "Flow Modelling in Low Permeability Unconventional Reservoirs." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066503/document.
Full textUnconventional low permeability reservoirs present a multi-scale fractured media, including stimulated fractures and natural fractures of various sizes, increasing the heterogeneity and the complexity of the reservoir simulation. This work proposes a methodology to address this challenge, taking into account reservoir key parameters such as fractures locations, orientation, anisotropy and low permeability matrix in a unique model as simple as possible. Using standard Discrete Fracture Models (DFMs), the matrix-fracture interaction is not properly handled due to the large grid cells and very low matrix permeability. In this work, we extended the MINC (Multiple INteracting Continua) method to the DFM in order to improve the matrix-fracture flow exchange. Our DFM based on a MINC proximity function is computed by taking into account all discrete fractures, within a triple-porosity model where the propped fractures are explicitly discretized and other fractures are homogenized. In order to improve the flow exchange between the matrix and fracture media, the matrix grid cell is subdivided according to the MINC proximity function based on the distance to all discrete fractures, by using randomly sampled points. Our approach is particularly useful for multi-phase flow simulations in matrix-fracture interaction with phase change, which cannot be handled by a standard approach. Finally, we applied our technique to synthetic DFM case in a retrograde gas and a tight-oil reservoirs. A good agreement is observed by comparing our results to a reference solution where very fine grid cells were used
Dang, Hong Lam. "Modélisation du comportement hydromécanique des réservoirs fracturés à double porosité et double perméabilité." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2001/document.
Full textFractured rock masses modeling is a challenge issue in many field of industry including but not limited to oiland gas exploitation. In the literature, fractured rock masse are in many cases recognized as double permeability medium in which fracture network provides the primary permeability and rock matrix plays asthe second one. The idea of dissociation of flow inside the fracture network and the matrix, the double permeability, is still challenged for fractured reservoirs. Numerous contributions on this issue have been presented in the past could be cast in two main approaches: continuum media approach and discontinuous approach. Each approach has its advantages and limitations. To overcome the limitation and to take advantage of these two approaches, the Embedded Fractured Continuum Approach (EFCA) which borrows the concept of continuum models and also incorporates the effect of explicit fractures is considered in this thesis. The principal idea of this approach lies on the concept of fracture cell representing a porous medium that has their own properties calculated from the properties of porous matrix and fractures intersecting it.The development in this work was conducted by using the library source code DEAL.II. The accuracy of EFCA was investigated through different verifications. Through some applications: determination of effective hydro-mechanical properties of an actual site, estimation of well production in which necessary fractures are modeled explicitly, we demonstrate the performance of the EFCA in the modeling fracture drock masses as well as the effect of double porosity and double permeability on behaviours of fractured reservoirs
Doan, Dinh Hong. "Impact de la température sur les propriétés mécaniques et acoustiques des roches concernées par la production en SAGD, lors de l'injection de vapeur dans les réservoirs d'huile lourde." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00657493.
Full textHubert, Gaëtan. "Réactivité expérimentale au CO2 de roches d'une couverture argileuse et d'un réservoir carbonaté du bassin de Paris." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00390771.
Full textTertois, Anne-Laure. "Création et modification de modèles géologiques par champs de potentiel. Application au modèle GeoChron." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL032N/document.
Full textOne of the first steps when a geological study area is modelled in three-dimensional geomodelling software is to build the fault network. This can be tedious and time-consuming when fault geometry and branching are complex and difficult to locate from sub-surface data. The process of creating a three-dimensional structural model from various data types was entirely automated by using an implicit representation of fault surfaces by level sets computed on a tetrahedral mesh. Fault branching is detected automatically and surfaces with coherent contact geometry are built. Using level sets for fault surfaces also enables easy editing of the fault network while maintaining the geological consistency of the model. A further tetrahedral mesh editing technique was developed during this PhD in order to modify mesh geometry close to faults. New information or interpretations or perturbations which represent geometrical uncertainty on faults can thus be integrated to the geological model
Oguadinma, Vivian Onyinyechukwu. "The submarine canyon heads of the Niger delta : structural controls, sedimentary infilling and Cenozoic evolution." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR087.
Full textSubmarine canyons are major corridors for transferring sediments from continents to deep submarine basins. Considered transit structures sealed by distal mud, canyons have little perspective in reservoir geology. The source of the sediments, the timing of inputs, and the transport mechanisms in submarine canyons differ from one margin to another depending on the climatic and geodynamic contexts, making it a vast field of study. This work presents the results of a high-resolution 3D seismic survey of a south-eastern submarine canyon in the Niger Delta, the Galabor Canyon. After a literature review, two articles submitted to BSGF are presented in this dissertation. The first article focuses on seismic geomorphology and the relationships between gravity deformation (shale ridges, detachment faults) and canyon dynamics. The seismic volume studied, wedged at the well (gamma ray and biostratigraphic calibration), was explored through (i) vertical sections along and across the thalwegs of the canyon and (ii) seismic attribute maps of key horizons. The confinement of turbiditic flows in intra slope basin bordered by shale ridges explains much of the trapping of sand at the upper slope. Channel processes are responsible for sorting and concentrating sand in meander belts that extend far beyond the initial incision. The second article concerns sequential stratigraphy. Two 100,000-year-old deposition sequences are identified, separated by a dated horizon of 0.99 Ma. In each sequence, the sand is not sourced by an incised valley but by the regressive submarine erosion of shelf-edge deltas. The sand is bypassed in the falling stage system tract, dominated by mass transport deposits, and preserved in the low stand system tract. The transgressive system tract, which is thick and forms an excellent seal above the sandy reservoir, is dominated by fine hemipelagic sedimentation and the high stand system tract is absent. Questions such as sediment source and flow transformations between gravity and tractive mechanisms remain unanswered
Navelot, Vivien. "Caractérisations structurale et pétrophysique d'un système géothermique en contexte volcanique d'arc de subduction : exemple de l’archipel de Guadeloupe." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0339/document.
Full textThe Vieux-Habitants area gathers indicators allowing to suppose a high-temperature hydrothermal system. The interpretation of geophysical data acquired for the exploration of this system requires the analysis of analogues. Several hydrothermal paleo-systems were studied in order to propose a conceptual model of a geothermal system for the Vieux-Habitants area. Studies of these analogues are based on a multi-scale study of the brittle deformation and a petrophysical characterization of the different volcanic rocks. The organization of fractures indicates the occurrence of a characteristic scale for each level of observation. Volcano-sedimentary units are far less deformed compared to highly fractured lavas. The brittle deformation in volcano-sedimentary deposits is highly localized in fractured corridors. Some fault intersections control major fluid flow at the kilometer scale. Moreover, the most hydrothermalized rocks are localized in the vicinity of these intersections. Volcanic rocks are divided according to their mechanism of formation (lava, debris flow…) and their degree of alteration. They exhibit strong heterogeneities of petrophysical properties. Fresh rocks are separated in two distinct groups, on one side lavas and on the other side debris flows and pyroclastic deposits. Hydrothermal alteration produces mineralogical replacements involving a complete reorganization of both the matrix skeleton and the pore network. It is marked by a removal of magnetic signal, an increase of porosity and permeability in lavas and a decrease of these properties in debris flows and pyroclastic deposits. Therefore, hydrothermalized rocks form a group with intermediate reservoir properties between the two groups of fresh rocks. The reservoir model combines both structural components and lithological heterogeneities that allow an efficient fluid transfer, whereas the matrix properties of primary and secondary origins will rather control the fluid and heat storage properties
Fu, Xiaojian. "Coupure Hydraulique et Potentiel de Production en Gaz de Réservoirs de Grès « Tight » : Etude Expérimentale." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECLI0021/document.
Full textSo-called tight gas reservoirs are constituted of low permeability sandstones, which petro-physical properties may interfere with proper gas recovery. They have a low absolute permeability (below 0.1 mD under ambient conditions), a porosity lower than 10%, and a strong sensitivity to in situ stresses as compared to conventional reservoirs. Moreover, an important transition zone is observed in situ, where partial water saturation is present, and which may extend over several hundred meters over the free water table. In such zone, where water saturation is on the order of 40-50%, neither gas nor water seems sufficiently mobile for industrial extraction: this is the permeability jail. Our aim is to assess their actual petro-physical properties, namely porosity, gas permeability under varying hydrostatic stress and water saturation level, in relation with sandstone microstructure. Accessible water porosity measured is between 2 to 12%. The intrinsic permeability to gas did not appeared related to the porosity of samples. A high sensitivity of gas permeability to confinement was observed. Two families of samples were identified. The more permeable samples (permeability between 100-1000 μD), are relatively insensitive to confinement and their relative permeability decrease for water saturation higher than 50%. Less permeable samples appear much more sensitive to mechanical loading and saturation.Methods classically used in oil and gas industry based on the interpretation of mercury intrusion porosimetry tests have also been used to evaluate relative permeability and compared with experimental measurements
Wang, Yi. "Pétrophysique et micromécanique des grès "tight" en relation avec leur microstructure." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ECLI0017/document.
Full textThis work of thesis focuses on the identification of the petrophysical and transfer properties of rocks originating from a tight sandstone reservoir in North Africa operated by ENGIE EPI. It needs to identify the links between the transfer properties, poro-mechanical properties, sensitivity to mechanical loading or water saturation, and some indications such as porosity, pore size distribution, intrinsic permeability, petrographic features etc. The aim is to predict the behavior of materials that are different from those that studied in this thesis by using the “easily” accessible input data, providing tools for evaluating the quality of a new reservoir without passing through an exhaustive, long and expensive characterization of the material forming this reservoir
Ibrahim, Nidal. "Caractérisation des propriétés mécaniques des géomatériaux par technique de micro indentation." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10048/document.
Full textThe technology of micro indentation is one of the techniques ofmateriaJ characterization (by using small specimens) in various fields (mechanical engineering, civil engineering, oil industry, and pharmaceutical industry). Its main advantage lies in a certain number of practical requirements as regards the solution to the problem of small specimens. The present study is devoted the characterization of the mechanical properties of geomaterials, especially rocks involved in petroleum engineering. After having presented the methodology of the indentation test for isotropic rocks, we developed a semi-analytical method based on the use of Green function to characterize transverse isotropic rocks (five elastic parameters of these rocks). The influence of the various loadings (mechanical, thermal, hydrous) on the rock mechanics properties was studied by using the technology of micro indentation and the methodology proposed for isotropic transverse were used. Moreover, we characterize the failure parameters (C and f) by a combined approach of the indentation test and a test of micro compression (MCS) carried out the indentation device. Finally, we use inverse analysis in order to identify the parameters of a Drucker Prager mode!. ln the absence of a direct solution of the problem of indentation (in plastic regime), we had recourse to a numerical modelling by a finite element code (ABAQUS) to determine the calculated curve of indentation. This determination appeared completely convincing and moreover was validated by a simulation of triaxial compression tests on the same material
Mizyakin, Yuri. "Différents problèmes théoriques et appliqués de transport dissipatif en milieux poreux." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL040N/document.
Full textThe thesis concerns three independent subject areas: the dissipative transport in heterogeneous geological media; a transport problem in an underground gas reservoir; compositional segregation in reservoirs. The common point of all examined problems is the irreversible redistribution of chemical composition of a fluid in the reservoirs. The first chapter is devoted to development of a microscopic model of simultaneous mass and heat transfer in agreement with thermodynamic principles. The second chapter is dedicated to study of multi-component diffusion in a heterogeneous medium. This study aims an application to transport phenomena in hydrocarbon reservoirs characterized firstly by diversity of transported substances (several components + heat) and their interaction (in Onsager’s meaning) and secondly by anisotropy of medium where they take place. The third chapter is dedicated to analytical study of underground gas storage sweeping due to gas dissolution in aquifer. In the fourth chapter the same problem (gas sweeping) was studied numerically in a less idealized approach using finite element method. The fifth chapter is dedicated to study of forced convection taking place in the reservoirs where the temperature gradient and gravity force are not collinear. This convection represents an element of the thermo-gravitational component segregation employed in industry (thermo-gravitational columns) and can take place in underground reservoirs
Jahrling, Nathalie. "Les couches limites convectives comme moteur de l'évolution des réservoirs magmatiques." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA077045.
Full textEl, Wafir Mohamed. "Approche thermodynamique des interactions entre les liquides et les solides modèles issus des roches réservoirs de pétrole." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20062.
Full textLubrano, Lavadera Paul. "Traitement des données de sismique de puits acquises en 2007 sur le site de Soultz-sous-Forêts pour la caractérisation de la fracturation du réservoir géothermique." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01038001.
Full textMacé, Laëtitia. "Caractérisation et modélisation numériques tridimensionnelles des réseaux de fractures naturelles : application au cas des réservoirs." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2006_MACE_L.pdf.
Full textNatural fractures have a dramatic impact on reservoirs either in fields such as mining and petroleum engineering or hydrogeology. Indeed, acting as conductors or barriers, they often control the flow and also the storage capacity in such reservoirs. The presented work is enclosed in the numerical modelling line of naturally fractured reservoirs, addressing the specific issues of characterizing and modelling fractures in three dimensions. The proposed approaches successively deal with the first logical stages of this modelling: 1. Natural fractures characterization from structural data: a geomechanical and probabilistic approach in three dimensions integrates tensorial strain data (obtained from forward or backward modelling techniques) in order to compute new structural drivers of fracturing intensity and orientation. The proposed mathematical framework also account for petrophysical rock property uncertainties. 2. Numerical fracture network modelling: a discrete fracture network modelling approach in three dimensions was developed because of its flexibility and its realism. A numerical stochastic simulation enables to model any kind of fracture network while honouring field data and predefined geological constraints (such as strata confinement, relative chronology between several fracture systems, etc. ). 3. Connectivity analysis of discrete fracture networks: a graph structure highlights the connectivity relationships between the discrete fractures of a three-dimensional network. Several connectivity analysis methods, qualitative and quantitative, are then outlined with an emphasis on their improvement on understanding of the fracturing impact on fluid flows
Bazalgette, Loïc. "Relations plissement / fracturation multi échelle dans les multicouches sédimentaires du domaine élastique / fragile : accommodation discontinue de la courbure par la fracturation de petite échelle et par les articulations : Possibles implications dynamiques dans les écoulements des réservoirs." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20142.
Full textSaillet, Élodie. "La localisation de la déformation dans les grès poreux : caractérisation d'un analogue de réservoir gréseux et faillé dans le Bassin du Sud-Est, Provence, France." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE4094.
Full textFluid circulation in the crust and in particular hydrocarbon migration in reservoirs is highly dependant on fault geometrical and hydromechanical properties. Understanding the evolution of these properties during fault growth and network development is of major importance in fluid prediction. We made a multi-scale study of a faulted reservoir analogue in cretaceous high-porosity sands and sandstones from Provence, South-East France, studying a wide range of structures and their distribution from the smallest deformation bands to decametric-offset ultracataclastic faults zones. This study shows three main axes : i) A detailed field study, based on 700 m of structural logging ; ii) A microstructural study, based on SEM photomicrograph analyses including a statistic porosity and grain size analysis, complemented by laser grain size distribution measurements ; iii) Permeability measurements based on the same large range of samples. The main results of our different methods of analysis can be summarized as follows : i) A 250 m long outcrop recorded a persistent high density of deformation bands which did not appear to cluster around any mapped faults ; ii) For two study areas, a moderate, undulating background density of CDBs was recorded, which became focussed into clusters in places. Later, larger ultracataclastic faults and discrete slip planes are found localised within or at the edges of some of the CDB clusters ; iii) The petrophysical studies shows : i) the important role played by host rock properties in the deformation processes ; ii) the grain-size and the porosity reduction evolve with increasing displacement ; iii) permeability measurements show that CDBs do not have a large influence on single phase fluid migration. On the other hand, a small number of the larger ultracataclastic faults can form barriers to fluid migration resulting in reservoir compartmentalization
Schuite, Jonathan. "Apports des mesures de déformation de surface et de l'inclinométrie pour la caractérisation pluri-échelle des réservoirs géologiques fracturés." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S090/document.
Full textFractured geological reservoirs have an important position among the environmental and economical challenges of the 21st century. In fact, they are either associated to deep storage of fluids, like nuclear wastes and carbon dioxide, or to the production of resources that are fundamental in our society, like geothermal energy and water. Preferential flowpaths within fractured rocks are shaped by fracture networks which make the media very heterogeneous and anisotropic. It is difficult to determine their structure and physical properties as they actually depend on the network's connectivity and scale of investigation. In this thesis, we assess the informational potential of surface deformation methods, in particular surface tilt, to monitor and describe fractured reservoirs at three important scales. Indeed, surface tilt is very sensitive to deep sub-surface fluxes and thereby to the impact of main conductive structures. Firstly, we develop the methodological strategy aiming at interpreting surface tilt. Using an elastic model and through a systematic exploration of the geometrical parameter space, we observe that tilt measurements are mainly sensitive to a fault's dip and extension in the dip direction. However, this sensitivity clearly depends on the position of measurement with respect to the fault. In addition, we validate the hydrogeophysical approach by monitoring the deformation induced by the pressurization of a sub-vertical fault zone during a few hours, using continuous long-baseline tiltmeter data and spatially distributed vertical displacements from two optical leveling campaigns. The observations are successfully reproduced by a simple hydromechanical model from which we estimate the fault's storativity, in agreement with previous results obtained from different approaches. A more robust poro-mechanical model of pressure diffusion in a fault embedded in a less permeable matrix is then used to further investigate the information content of transient tilt data. Therewith, we show that surface tilt is sensitive to the mechanical properties of the fault zone and to the hydromechanical functioning of the system as a whole. Secondly, we have developed an experimental approach aiming at monitoring surface deformations generated by the pressurization of deep sub-horizontal fractures of a few meters extent. By imposing an oscillatory hydraulic load at the fractures' inlets, we are able to recognize the signature of their mechanical opening in tilt measurements. The recovered amplitudes lie around 10 nanoradians for a few centimeters of hydraulic head variations. From this we estimate fracture stiffnesses that are consistent in light of published data. Finally, we address the question of seasonal fluxes within a fractured aquifer and its link with recharge.Tilt signals are well correlated with annual head fluctuations at the study site. However, the remarkable difference is that tilt displays a phase lead of about one month with respect to piezometric levels. We interpret tilt time series with a 1D hydromechanical model and highlight the fact that the method is of interest for determining the large scale reservoir's geometry and that it is sensitive to recharge processes (local versus spread recharge, both in space and time). This novel result opens new perspectives as regards the estimation of recharge fluxes which is a major concern for water resources management. Hence, we conclude that surface tilt monitoring is a method with a strong potential to describe the properties and hydromechanical behavior of fractured media, from a few meters' scale up to several kilometers
Chadouli, Kheira. "Caractérisation pétrographique appliquée à la modélisation pétrolière : étude de cas." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0291/document.
Full textUnderstanding oil systems requires petrographic characterization of all elements and process that compose it. In this work, several examples of source rocks, reservoir rocks and seal from different petroleum basins have been studied in order to describe conventional petrographic methods and develop new ones. The new ones as: a program of transformation kinetic of kerogene composed of two types of organic matter, maceral analysis and microfractures study using images analysis, the diffraction X-ray and tomography allowed source rock description. As for, reservoir rocks, methods of petrophysical characterization by images analysis, MSCL Microscopy and wettability parameters permit reservoir quality description and their preservation over time due to recrystalization and dissolution phenomena, fluid flow and TSR/BSR reaction. The cap rocks studied in this thesis are those of Callovo-Ordovician argillites, using X-Ray diffraction as well as images analysis and tomography. Those methods facilitated the understanding of argillites behavior over time, their sorption/desorption ability and their reliability of nuclear waste storage. Finally, Modeling using Petromod helps to determine petroleum systems functioning. Modeling by percolation method gives results closer to oil basins reality, than by Darcy/Hybrid method
Lasm, Théophile. "Hydrogéologie des réservoirs fracturés de socle : analyses statistique et géostatistique de la fracturation et des propriétés hydrauliques ; application à la région des montagnes de Côte d'Ivoire (domaine archéen)." Poitiers, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000POIT2290.
Full textWietzerbin, Liliane. "Modélisation et paramétrisation d'objets naturels de formes complexes en trois dimensions : application à la simulation stochastique de la distribution d'hétérogénéités au sein des réservoirs pétroliers." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1994_WIETZERBIN_L.pdf.
Full textCochard, Jean. "Analyse des propriétés réservoirs d'une série carbonatée microporeuse fracturée : approches multi-échelle sédimentologiques, diagénétiques et mécaniques intégrées." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0568/document.
Full textCarbonates are sensitive to physical and chemical processes which can dissolve, cement or fracturing them. In this case, the carbonate properties evolve according to these different changes that vary in time and space. Carbonated reservoirs can extend for hundreds of kilometres. To prospect these geological reservoirs (water, gas or oil resources), it’s therefore necessary to characterize in 3 dimensions their properties (porosity, permeability), as well as geological and structural heterogeneities which can modify the basin geometry or the reservoir properties. The acquisition of local data (outcrops, boreholes) compared to the properties distributed at field scale ponder their representativeness at multi-kilometres scale but also their distribution between the acquisition area. This thesis proposes to study the properties of Urgonian limestones (Upper Barremian - Lower Aptian) located in Provence, analogue of Middle East hydrocarbon reservoirs. Three sites with different scales are studied to characterize this carbonate series. Additionally, this study proposes geological rules to upscale the measurements made on centimetric samples to hectometric scale