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1

Miller, R. J., and J. T. Addison. "Trapping interactions of crabs and American lobster in laboratory tanks." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, no. 2 (1995): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-032.

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The relationship between trap catches of decapods and their abundance is not well established. Because it is difficult to manipulate density in the field, laboratory tanks were used to examine 10 hypotheses about the intra- and interspecific interactions of rock crab (Cancer irroratus), green crab (Carcinus maenas), and American lobster (Homarus americanus). The proportion of rock crabs captured did not differ among high, medium, and low densities, but the proportion captured was reduced at high densities for both green crabs and lobsters. Additional experiments demonstrated that large green a
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2

Krupp, E. C. "Crab Supernova Rock Art." Journal of Skyscape Archaeology 1, no. 2 (2015): 167–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jsa.v1i2.28255.

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“Star” and crescent combinations in rock art in the American Southwest were first interpreted in 1955 as eyewitness depictions of the 1054 AD supernova explosion that produced the Crab nebula. While the Crab nebula is visible only telescopically, the event that generated it was brilliant, and for a time, only the sun and moon were brighter. Additional Crab supernova candidates in California and Southwest rock art were suggested 20 years later, and they included Chaco Canyon’s Penasco Blanco pictograph panel, which became the poster child for Crab supernova rock art and is now called “Supernova
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3

Lskandar, Dahri, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Daisuke Shiode, Fuxiang Hu, and Tadashi Tokai. "CATCHABILITY DIFFERENCE OF GILL NET AND COLLAPSIBLE BAITED POT FOR JAPANESE ROCK CRAB." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 12, no. 2 (2017): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.12.2.2006.107-112.

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The objective of this experiment is to know the catchabjlity of gill net and collapsible baited pot on Japanese rock crab. Result shows that gillnet caught more than twenty species other than Japanese rock crab.
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4

Puppione, D. L., D. F. Jensen, and J. D. O'Connor. "Physicochemical study of rock crab lipoproteins." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism 875, no. 3 (1986): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2760(86)90078-0.

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5

Chávez-Solís, Carlos Enrique, and Guillermina Alcaraz. "Hiding time of the hermit crab Calcinus californiensis: observations from different shell types." Canadian Journal of Zoology 93, no. 7 (2015): 559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0312.

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Hermit crabs respond to predators by hiding in their shells. However, retraction may cause the crab to lose hold of the rock and fall through the water column, and the crab may land with the shell aperture in a different orientation. When the shell is aperture down, hermit crabs return to activity by moving their bodies forward and placing their legs on the ground. In contrast, when the shell is aperture up, crabs need to perform a righting maneuver by extending part of their bodies out of the shell, which makes them more vulnerable to predation. The main goal of this study was to examine the
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6

Kern, Roland, Hans-Ortwin Nalbach, and Dezsö Varjú. "Interactions of local movement detectors enhance the detection of rotation. Optokinetic experiments with the rock crab, Pachygrapsus marmoratus." Visual Neuroscience 10, no. 4 (1993): 643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800005344.

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AbstractWalking crabs move their eyes to compensate for retinal image motion only during rotation and not during translation, even when both components are superimposed. We tested in the rock crab, Pachygrapsus marmoratus, whether this ability to decompose optic flow may arise from topographical interactions of local movement detectors. We recorded the optokinetic eye movements of the rock crab in a sinusoidally oscillating drum which carried two 10-deg wide black vertical stripes. Their azimuthal separation varied from 20 to 180 deg, and each two-stripe configuration was presented at differen
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7

Thanh, Phan Due, Keiji Wada, Michiko Sato, and Yoshihisa Shirayama. "Decorating behaviour by the majid crab Tiarinia cornigera as protection against predators." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 83, no. 6 (2003): 1235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315403008580.

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Although decorating behaviour is widely reported as a predator avoidance strategy among marine crabs, few studies have provided experimental evidence for this. Significance of decorating behaviour of the majid crab Tiarinia cornigera as antipredator response was examined by the field tethering and laboratory experiments. Survival of decorated crabs was significantly higher than that of non-decorated crabs after two days in an intertidal rock pool. In a laboratory experiment, crabs used more algae for decoration in the presence of predators (puffer fish) than when predators were absent. These d
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8

Zargarpour, Nicola, Cynthia H. McKenzie, and Brett Favaro. "A field-based investigation of behavioural interactions between invasive green crab (Carcinus maenas), rock crab (Cancer irroratus), and American lobster (Homarus americanus) in southern Newfoundland." PeerJ 8 (February 12, 2020): e8444. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8444.

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Marine species invasions pose a global threat to native biodiversity and commercial fisheries. The European green crab (Carcinus maenas) is one of the most successful marine invaders worldwide and has, in the last decade, invaded the southern and western coastal waters of the island of Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada. Impacts of green crab on the American lobster (Homarus americanus), which are native to Newfoundland, are not well understood, particularly for interactions around deployed fishing gear. Declines in lobster catch rates in invaded systems (i.e., Placentia Bay,
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9

Salindeho, Indra Raymond, and Danielle Jane Johnston. "Functional morphology of the mouthparts and proventriculus of the rock crab Nectocarcinus tuberculosus (Decapoda: Portunidae)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 83, no. 4 (2003): 821–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315403007859h.

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Mouthpart and proventriculus structure of the brachyuran crab Nectocarcinus tuberculosus was described by scanning electron microscopy and histology and characteristics indicative of dietary preferences were identified. A qualitative stomach content analysis was conducted to verify structural interpretations with respect to diet. The mouthparts and proventriculus of N. tuberculosus have features that are typical of macrophagous crabs and are consistent with a carnivorous diet of hard items. However, the mandibular arrangement indicates that N. tuberculosus is also adapted to ingest soft plant
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10

Miller, Robert J. "Catchability of American Lobsters (Homarus americanus) and Rock Crabs (Cancer irroratus) by Traps." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, no. 10 (1989): 1652–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-210.

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Catches per trap of lobsters (Homarus americanus) and rock crabs (Cancer irroratus) were compared to densities of each species measured by divers. Trapping and diver surveys were carried out in habitats with and without macroalgae. Catchability coefficients (catch per trap/animal density) increased greatly with animal size. For example, in a habitat with macroalgae catchabilities were 13, 47, and 492 m2∙trap−1 for lobsters of 50–59, 60–69, and 70–89 mm carapace length, respectively. For crabs of 60–79 and [Formula: see text] carapace width, catchabilities increased by factors of three or seven
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11

Andrade, LS, JM Goés, V. Fransozo, DFR Alves, GM Teixeira, and A. Fransozo. "Differential habitat use by demographic groups of the redfinger rubble crab Eriphia gonagra (Fabricius, 1781)." Brazilian Journal of Biology 74, no. 3 (2014): 597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/bjb.2014.0090.

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The structurally diverse rocky shores along the northern coast of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, support a varied fauna and provide refuges for many organisms. Some of these environments allow for extensive microhabitats, among them the sand reefs formed by the polychaete Phragmatopoma lapidosa, which occupy much of this area. The beauty of the landscape attracts large numbers of tourists, who contribute to the damage to the sand reef colonies, causing an imbalance in the patterns of population distribution and of this ecosystem. We describe the structure and population biology of the redfing
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12

Pakyari, Reza. "Nonparametric mixture analysis of rock crab of the genusLeptograpsus." Journal of Applied Statistics 38, no. 3 (2011): 581–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02664760903521468.

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13

GHAZALA, SUAD, and ROBERT TRENHOLM. "DEVELOPMENT OF PASTEURIZATION PROCESS FOR ROCK CRAB MEAT (CANCER IRRORATUS)." Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 20, no. 4 (1996): 315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.1996.tb00750.x.

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14

Rickaby, Rachel, and Jeanine Sinclair. "Native versus invasive crab effluent effects on byssal thread production in the mussel, Mytilus trossulus (Gould, 1950)." Arbutus Review 9, no. 1 (2018): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/tar91201818384.

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Mussels have evolved many adaptations to protect themselves, including the production of byssal threads. These are strong, proteinaceous fibres that mussels secrete to adhere themselves to rocks, preventing detachment by waves and predators. These byssal threads may be strengthened if mussels can recognize potential threats, such as native crabs, as their populations have a long history of coevolution. Unfortunately, the introduction of invasive predators poses a challenge for prey, which may not be capable of recognizing them. In this study, byssal thread production in the Pacific blue mussel
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15

Hudon, Christiane, and Pierre Fradette. "Wind-Induced Advection of Larval Decapods into Baie de Plaisance (Îles de la Madeleine, Québec)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, no. 7 (1993): 1422–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f93-163.

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Abundance and spatial distribution of the larvae of the American lobster (Homarus americanus), the common rock crab (Cancer irroratus), and the toad crab (Hyas spp.), were monitored weekly during the summer of 1980 at a grid of 12 stations located in Baie de Plaisance. Following a period of winds ≥ 30 km∙h−1 shifting from the north to the southeast, large numbers of late-stage larvae of the three species were advected in the bay, concurrently with an intrusion of low-salinity water. Weekly abundances of consecutive larval stages were highly correlated, indicating that larvae tended to remain i
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16

Mayrand, Elise, and Jean-Denis Dutil. "Physiological Responses of Rock Crab Cancer Irroratus Exposed to Waterborne Pollutants." Journal of Crustacean Biology 28, no. 3 (2008): 510–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1651/07-2897r.1.

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17

Takeuchi, Toshio, and Robert G. Ackman. "Fatty acid composition of triglycerides of rock crab Cancer irroratus lipid." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 53, no. 12 (1987): 2249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.53.2249.

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18

Rebach, Steve, Donald P. French, Frederick C. von Staden, Melanie B. Wilber, and Veronica E. Byrd. "Antennular Sensitivity of the Rock Crab Cancer irroratus to Food Substances." Journal of Crustacean Biology 10, no. 2 (1990): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1548481.

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19

Gíslason, Óskar Sindri, Halldór P. Halldórsson, Marinó F. Pálsson, Snæbjörn Pálsson, Brynhildur Davíðsdóttir, and Jörundur Svavarsson. "Invasion of the Atlantic rock crab (Cancer irroratus) at high latitudes." Biological Invasions 16, no. 9 (2014): 1865–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-013-0632-7.

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20

Rodríguez-Félix, Demetrio, Miguel Á. Cisneros-Mata, and E. Alberto Aragón-Noriega. "Variability of size at maturity of the warrior swimming crab, Callinectes bellicosus (Stimpson, 1859) (Brachyura, Portunidae), along a latitudinal gradient in the Gulf of California." Crustaceana 88, no. 9 (2015): 979–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003468.

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For the warrior swimming crab,Callinectes bellicosus(Stimpson, 1859), we determined how size at maturity is affected by sea surface temperature along a latitudinal gradient. Samples came from the east side coast of the Gulf of California. Data of carapace width ofC. bellicosuswere collected monthly in 2012-2013 from commercial catches in three areas: northern, central, and southern. Average temperature increases from north (23.06°C) to south (25.4°C), and carapace width increases from north (106 mm) to south (117 mm). Size at maturity for males and females was directly related to temperature a
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21

Bukhari, Imam, Susru Hiyatun Hayati, Nisa Humayroh, Sukainil Ahzan, and Dwi Sabda Budi Prasetya. "Analisis Kandungan Mineral Tembaga (Cu) yang Terdapat pada Struktur Batu Tambang Dengan Metode Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometer (AAS)." Lensa : Jurnal Kependidikan Fisika 6, no. 2 (2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/j-lkf.v6i2.1143.

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[Title: Analysis of Copper (Cu) Mineral Content in the Mining Rock Structure using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) Method]. This research was conducted with the aim of: 1) Making chitosan based on local crab shells NTB, 2) Test the absorption of Au ions using chitosan with AAS. This research was carried out using the AAS method, namely by making chitosan from crab shells, Au stock solution which was prepared in the first stage was given chitosan powder and carried out absorption with varying times. Analysis of gold content in Au stocks that have been treated with AAS to determine
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22

Daly, Benjamin, Ginny L. Eckert, and Timothy D. White. "Predation of hatchery-cultured juvenile red king crabs (Paralithodes camtschaticus) in the wild." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 70, no. 3 (2013): 358–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2012-0377.

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The ecologically and commercially important red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) is depleted throughout much of the North Pacific and thought to be recruitment-limited, making it an appropriate candidate for stock enhancement efforts. Information on predation of newly settled red king crabs in nearshore habitats is needed to assess the feasibility of large-scale releases. We tethered hatchery-cultured red king crabs of two sizes (range: 1.75–4.08 mm carapace width) in the field for 24 h trials in July and September 2011 and used underwater video cameras to identify predators and predatio
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23

Rebach, Steve. "Entrainment of Seasonal and Nonseasonal Rhythms by the Rock Crab Cancer irroratus." Journal of Crustacean Biology 7, no. 4 (1987): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1548645.

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24

Hudon, C., and G. Lamarche. "Niche segregation between American lobster Homarus americanus and rock crab Cancer irroratus." Marine Ecology Progress Series 52 (1989): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps052155.

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25

Rebach, Steve, and Jeffrey D. Block. "Correlates of Claw Strength in the Rock Crab, Cancer Irroratus (Decapoda, Brachyura)." Crustaceana 71, no. 4 (1998): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854098x00554.

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26

Fitzgerald, Sean P., Hunter S. Lenihan, Jono R. Wilson, Carolynn S. Culver, and Matthew Potoski. "Collaborative research reveals cryptic declines within the multispecies California rock crab fishery." Fisheries Research 220 (December 2019): 105340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2019.105340.

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27

Blakeslee, AMH, RB Barnard, K. Matheson, and CH McKenzie. "Host-switching among crabs: species introduction results in a new target host for native parasites." Marine Ecology Progress Series 636 (February 20, 2020): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13214.

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Invasive species can introduce parasites to, and/or acquire new parasites from, novel regions, thereby greatly influencing community interactions, including symbiotic relationships involving parasites. Host-switching of native and non-native parasites could enhance or dilute parasite transmission and spread among hosts. We investigated the effect of host invasion on trematode parasitism in 2 Newfoundland (Canada) bays: one invaded by European green crabs Carcinus maenas and the other not yet invaded. To determine the influence of C. maenas on host-parasite relationships, we assessed trematode
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Yoshikawa, Akihiro, Ryutaro Goto, Chiaki I. Yasuda, and Akira Asakura. "Size and sex bias in air-exposure behavior during low tide of the intertidal hermit crab Clibanarius virescens (Krauss, 1843) (Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae)." Journal of Crustacean Biology 40, no. 2 (2020): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcbiol/ruz096.

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Abstract Many species of the hermit crab Clibanarius (Diogenidae) live on rocky shores of tropical and warm temperate regions. Some of these species are known to climb out from tidal pools onto rock surfaces exposed to air during low tide. The ecological significance of this behavior, however, remains unclear. We investigated the differences between air-exposed and non-air-exposed Clibanarius virescens (Krauss, 1843) in relation to their body size, sex, and infestation by three species of parasitic bopyrid isopods. Our generalized additive model (GAM) analyses showed a significant effect of th
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29

Berglund, Ross E., and Rodney M. Feldmann. "A new crab,Rogueus orrin. gen. and sp. (Decapoda: Brachyura), from the Lookingglass Formation (Ulatisian Stage: lower middle Eocene) of southwestern Oregon." Journal of Paleontology 63, no. 1 (1989): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002233600004097x.

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A new genus and species of raninid crab,Rogueus orri, is described from the Tenmile Member of the Lookingglass Formation in southwestern Oregon. Based upon previous studies of foraminiferans, the rock unit has been assigned an early middle Eocene age. Distinct from other raninids with its sinuous fronto-orbital margin, bifid rostrum, and uniquely branched anterolateral teeth,Rogueus orrimay be descended fromNotopocorystes(Cretacoranina) fritschi.
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Sorochan, Kevin A., and Pedro A. Quijón. "Horizontal distributions of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) and red rock crab (Cancer productus) larvae in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia." ICES Journal of Marine Science 71, no. 9 (2014): 2564–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu065.

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Abstract The supply of planktonic larvae to adult populations is an important contributor to the spatial and temporal variability of benthic marine organisms. The ability to predict spatial patterns of larvae and recruits from the physical and biological processes that facilitate dispersal is required in order to advise and evaluate conservation and fisheries management decisions. In the present study, the horizontal distribution of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) and red rock crab (Cancer productus) zoeae was described from surveys conducted in the Strait of Georgia in the spring of 2009 and
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31

Mcgaw, Iain J. "Gastric processing and evacuation during emersion in the red rock crab,Cancer productus." Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 40, no. 2 (2007): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10236240701393461.

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32

Edgell, Timothy C., and Christopher J. Neufeld. "Experimental evidence for latent developmental plasticity: intertidal whelks respond to a native but not an introduced predator." Biology Letters 4, no. 4 (2008): 385–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2008.0204.

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Summary Animals with highly inducible traits may show no inducible response when exposed to a related but wholly novel cue. This appears to be true for the intertidal whelk Nucella lamellosa faced with a voracious introduced predator. In the laboratory, we exposed whelks to effluent from two species of predatory crab, the native red rock crab Cancer productus and the invasive European green crab Carcinus maenas . Nucella and Cancer have a long shared history in the northeast Pacific, whereas potential interaction with Carcinus began here less than 10 years ago. Although Nucella responded adapt
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33

PAUL, H., H. O. NALBACH, and D. VARJÚ. "Eye Movements in the Rock Crab Pachygrapsus Marmoratus Walking Along Straight and Curved Paths." Journal of Experimental Biology 154, no. 1 (1990): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.154.1.81.

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1. Freely walking rock crabs (Pachygrapsus marmoratus Fabricius) were videotaped from above in a quasi-natural environment. The angular position of the long axis of the body and of both eyes in the horizontal plane were studied. 2. Compensatory eye. movements are elicited along both straight and curved paths only during body rotation around the yaw axis. Hence, eye movements reduce the rotational component of the visual image flow during locomotion. 3. Fast saccades, which reset the eyes after a slow compensatory excursion relative to the body, are simultaneously initiated on both sides. They
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34

Hanson, John Mark, Michel Comeau, and Amélie Rondeau. "Atlantic Rock Crab, unlike American Lobster, Is Important to Ecosystem Functioning in Northumberland Strait." Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 143, no. 5 (2014): 1266–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028487.2014.931300.

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35

GURNEY, ROBERT H., ALEXEY V. RYBAKOV, JENS T. HØEG, and ARMAND M. KURIS. "Sacculina nectocarcini, a new species of rhizocephalan (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala) parasitising the red rock crab Nectocarcinus integrifrons (Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae)." Zootaxa 1332, no. 1 (2006): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1332.1.2.

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The parasitic barnacles, Rhizocephala, are a little known group within Australia with only seven described species from a coastline stretching approximately 59763 km. This study describes a new species of Rhizocephala, Sacculina nectocarcini. The description is based on a unique combination of features pertaining to the structure of the mantle papillae, the retinaculae and the male receptacles. Biological notes, prevalence and intensity of infection are reported for this rhizocephalan, infesting the red rock crab, Nectocarcinus integrifrons, collected from Western Port, Victoria, Australia.
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Walker, Sally E. "Preservational constraints and ecological opportunities: the role of shell-inhabiting organisms in the fossil record." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200008625.

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Biological parameters, in addition to physical parameters, are important in determining past ecology, taphonomy and the effects of human intervention. Research conducted on a Recent community of gastropods and two late Pleistocene fossil assemblages from Puerto Penasco, Mexico, reveal a complex pattern of interrelationships among gastropod shell users. First, shell representation is biased in the intertidal of Puerto Penasco, Mexico, because of a complex mosaic of secondary shell occupants. Hermit crabs (five species) represent almost half (47%) of the intertidal gastropod shell resource avail
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37

MARIN, IVAN N., ANASTASSYA S. MAIOROVA, and OLGA M. KORN. "Cryptic diversity of the rocky crab genus Glebocarcinus Nations, 1975 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Cancridae): description of a new species from Russian coastal waters of the Sea of Japan based on morphology, DNA and distribution." Zootaxa 4415, no. 3 (2018): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4415.3.4.

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A new cancrid crab species Glebocarcinus kashini sp. nov. (Decapoda: Brachyura: Cancridae) is described from Russian coastal waters of the Sea of Japan. The new species can be clearly separated from relative and sibling, Glebocarcinus amphioetus (Rathbun, 1898), by a less prominent and granulated dorsal surface of the carapace and dorsal surface of the cheliped propodus, less prominent sculpture of the carapace front and bluntly triangular anterolateral teeth of the carapace. Comparison of COI gene sequences supports the subdivision of these two species and shows their clear genetic separation
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38

Shields, Jeffrey D., Robert K. Okazaki, and Armand M. Kuris. "Brood Mortality and Egg Predation by the Nemertean, Carcinonemertes epialti, on the Yellow Rock Crab, Cancer anthonyi, in Southern California." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, no. 7 (1990): 1275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f90-146.

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Carcinonemertes epialti had a minimal impact on the egg mortality of a lightly infested population of a commercially important crab host, Cancer anthonyi. The nemertean had a high prevalence (> 97%) but was found at low intensities (mean intensity = 86.5 worms/pleopod, mean density = 0.3 worms/1000 eggs). Egg mortality varied from 0.0–30.5%, and was highly correlated with both worm intensity, and the timing of crab embryogenesis (mean mortality = 5.7%). Separate sites within the pleopod experienced different causal mechanisms of mortality. Mortality at the base of the pleopod was correlated
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39

Cuesta, José A., Martina Schuh, Rudolf Diesel, and Christoph D. Schubart. "Abbreviated Development of Armases Miersii (Grapsidae: Sesarminae), a Crab That Breeds in Supralittoral Rock Pools." Journal of Crustacean Biology 19, no. 1 (1999): 26–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1549543.

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40

Comeau, Luc André, Rémi Sonier, and John Mark Hanson. "Seasonal movements of Atlantic rock crab (Cancer irroratus Say) transplanted into a mussel aquaculture site." Aquaculture Research 43, no. 4 (2011): 509–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.02856.x.

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Pálsson, S., J. Svavarsson, H. P. Halldórsson, and Ó. S. Gíslason. "Nuclear mitochondrial DNA (numt) in the Atlantic rock crab Cancer irroratus Say, 1817 (Decapoda, Cancridae)." Crustaceana 86, no. 5 (2013): 537–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003191.

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42

Gíslason, ÓS, S. Pálsson, NJ McKeown, HP Halldórsson, PW Shaw, and J. Svavarsson. "Genetic variation in a newly established population of the Atlantic rock crab Cancer irroratus in Iceland." Marine Ecology Progress Series 494 (December 4, 2013): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps10537.

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43

Wong, Melisa C., and Myriam A. Barbeau. "Rock crab predation of juvenile sea scallops: the functional response and its implications for bottom culture." Aquaculture International 14, no. 4 (2006): 355–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-005-9038-6.

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44

Krause-Nehring, Jacqueline, J. Matthias Starck, and A. Richard Palmer. "Juvenile colour polymorphism in the red rock crab, Cancer productus: patterns, causes, and possible adaptive significance." Zoology 113, no. 3 (2010): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2009.09.002.

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45

Kosuge, Takeharu. "Molting and Breeding Cycles of the Rock-Dwelling Ocypodid Crab Macrophthalmus Roteltobagoe (Sakai, 1939) (Decapoda, Brachyura)." Crustaceana 64, no. 1 (1993): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854093x00063.

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46

Wheatly, Michèle G. "Physiological Responses of the Rock Crab Cancer irroratus (Say) to Environmental Hyperoxia. I. Acid-Base Regulation." Physiological Zoology 60, no. 4 (1987): 398–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/physzool.60.4.30157901.

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47

Martin, Anthony J., Dorothy Stearns, Meredith J. Whitten, Melissa M. Hage, Michael Page, and Arya Basu. "First known trace fossil of a nesting iguana (Pleistocene), The Bahamas." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (2020): e0242935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242935.

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Most species of modern iguanas (Iguania, Iguanidae) dig burrows for dwelling and nesting, yet neither type of burrow has been interpreted as trace fossils in the geologic record. Here we describe and diagnose the first known fossil example of an iguana nesting burrow, preserved in the Grotto Beach Formation (Early Late Pleistocene, ~115 kya) on San Salvador Island, The Bahamas. The trace fossil, located directly below a protosol, is exposed in a vertical section of a cross-bedded oolitic eolianite. Abundant root traces, a probable land-crab burrow, and lack of ghost-crab burrows further indica
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48

Armitage, R. A., M. Hyman, J. Southon, C. Barat, and M. W. Rowe. "Rock-art image in Fern Cave, Lava Beds National Monument, California: not the AD 1054 (Crab Nebula) supernova." Antiquity 71, no. 273 (1997): 715–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00085446.

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The visual manifestation of the recent Hale-Bopp comet reminds us how telling are those rare objects which suddenly flare in the sky. One can suppose ancient people living by natural light were more compellingly struck by the sight of comets and supernovae, and understandably researchers seek images of them in the shapes of rock-art motifs. An absolute dating contradicts that supposition in respect of a presumed image of the visible supernova of AD 1054.
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Boyle, P. R. "A Descriptive Ecology of Eledone Cirrhosa (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) in Scottish Waters." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 66, no. 4 (1986): 855–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400048487.

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A survey of the ecology of the octopus Eledone cirrhosa in Scottish waters is compiled from structured interviews with fishermen, records of occurrence in traps (for lobster and crab), and a research vessel survey. This species is widespread and common throughout the inshore waters covered by fishing activity (shoreline- 140 m) on bottom types ranging through rock, stones, sand and mud. It is caught in all months of the year but is especially common inshore in the summer (July-September) and further offshore on trawling grounds in October-December. The octopus is a normal and regular predator
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Pratiwi, I. M., H. Suharyadi, and M. Fransisco. "Efficiency of sea shells and crab ahells waste as eco-friendly adsorbent for treating acid rock drainage." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 212 (December 31, 2018): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/212/1/012008.

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